CINXE.COM
The Independent | Business News | Latest Business Information, News and Events
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="lt-ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html> <!--<![endif]--> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business","20161002052824","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1475386104"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <title>The Independent | Business News | Latest Business Information, News and Events</title> <!-- HEAD --> <!--[if IE]><![endif]--> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://static.standard.co.uk/"/> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=499587380, affiliate-data=1l3v95Z"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://static.independent.co.uk/"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS - Business" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/rss"/> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="729735830"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="235586169789578"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Independent"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Business"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@independent"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Business"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/ico"/> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="58C7FB6B9237322BB527AA3C68656AE3"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-60x60.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-72x72.png" sizes="72x72"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-76x76.png" sizes="76x76"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-114x114.png" sizes="114x114"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-120x120.png" sizes="120x120"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-144x144.png" sizes="144x144"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-152x152.png" sizes="152x152"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/apple-icon-180x180.png" sizes="180x180"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-36x36.png" sizes="36x36"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-48x48.png" sizes="48x48"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-72x72.png" sizes="72x72"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-114x114.png" sizes="114x114"/> <link rel="android-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/android-icon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"/> <link rel="ms-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/ms-icon-70x70.png" sizes="70x70"/> <link rel="ms-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/ms-icon-144x144.png" sizes="144x144"/> <link rel="ms-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/ms-icon-150x150.png" sizes="150x150"/> <link rel="ms-icon" href="/sites/all/themes/ines_themes/independent_theme/img/ms-icon-310x310.png" sizes="310x310"/> <!-- PRE HEAD INLINE --> <script>var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime(); ; var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 62356; _sf_async_config.domain = 'independent.co.uk'; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.flickerControl = false; _sf_async_config.sections = 'news,business'; _sf_async_config.title = 'Business'; /** CONFIGURATION END **/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); ; var gptPath = "-in_news-in_business-in_business_hp"; ; var s_account = "indepdev"; ; </script> <!-- SCRIPTS --> <!-- STYLES --> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824cs_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_css/css__8hNSjhZ5ePShkLRtI7ArCXODkeETokErBoR_jivVdhs__BfSCqPLH84jpBDJofWpjmF1RI6Y9Tpp8XCRPmVVG6KM__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.css" media="all"/> <!-- HARDCODED --> <script type="text/javascript"> var articleId = 'index'; var pageType = 'index'; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/libraries/modernizr/modernizr-custom.js?oee5i2"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_js/js__H5AFmq1RrXKsrazzPq_xPQPy4K0wUKqecPjczzRiTgQ__p930YZ_ODW6ZjDLOJmxJnRL7juGStYuszD6uNS8_FFo__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_js/js__HtxFT83R1UUVYe_-Mp7n9esVnhjh45YItD5R_qypsm8__9eMsArvR7bsZYFk12OIq45g3282rzqWpHCSHOZdAr34__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.js" defer="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_js/js__GM3GJPR36rRIz0TRkjC5OQwrioSyN9aoYRivDhCO_AM__qAl84FcCv2jyN22yFGS5Oc85cjd9zKX6p_cFNLGhe-M__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.js" defer="defer" async="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" src="/web/20161002052824js_/http://www.independent.co.uk/profiles/ines/modules/ines_js/js/ines_helper.min.js?oee5i2"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_js/js__vVaL20peNm0p-z-APceH6LkoAz27qXaKDpdNFXPLQyc__q9zHUlDQFirY6A__HqQr8GNF8UrIldKq9OmZyBQvW_g__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" async="async" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://sadmin.brightcove.com/js/BrightcoveExperiences.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" src="/web/20161002052824js_/http://www.independent.co.uk/profiles/ines/modules/ines_js/js/ines_js.defer.js?oee5i2"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/advagg_js/js__drgkXp1l39WrkTQVM5fmTeOhkx_51DOaE_bgJIy81eM__Oqb2vnzwTDY_os0z8KWn9ocYA-iwrjgPBmZceKuiiZk__wKOrbtQpvflLNdMNHxjl-mJW4u9Shn9qvegAOfhoU0Y.js" defer="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"independent_theme","theme_token":"9Tx3h528okpLkaPAtkzDgo1yJgESPexh2XCTrx1wSpg","css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/scald\/modules\/fields\/mee\/css\/editor-global.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture_wysiwyg.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/scald_file\/scald_file.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/css\/style.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/css\/style.css":1},"js":{"sites\/all\/libraries\/modernizr\/modernizr-custom.js":1,"\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/code.jquery.com\/jquery-2.1.4.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/main.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/section-pages.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picturefill2\/picturefill.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture.min.js":1,"\/profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_js\/js\/ines_helper.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/js\/adunit_define.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/pugpig\/core\/js\/pugpig.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/scald_file\/scald_file.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/scald\/modules\/providers\/scald_image\/scald_image.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_scald_videos_external\/ines_scald_videos_external.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_sharethrough\/js\/sharethrough.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_taboola\/js\/taboola.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_layout_config\/js\/layout_grid.feeds.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/gigya.session.js":1,"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/https:\/\/sadmin.brightcove.com\/js\/BrightcoveExperiences.js":1,"\/profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_js\/js\/ines_js.defer.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_commercial\/ines_commercial_ads\/js\/commercial.lazy_ads.js":1,"profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_js\/js\/in\/html.tpl.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/vendor\/jquery.lazyload.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/ines-lazy-load.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/js\/ines-share-init.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/js\/sitecatalyst.masthead_tracking.js":1}},"layoutgridfeeds":[],"scaldFile":{"path":"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/scald_file\/scald_file.css"},"googleanalytics":{"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/news\/business":true},"ines_sharethrough":{"placements":[{"id":"mpu0","key":"SKufkFbSNeSt7vFoL6wmw4R1"},{"id":"mpu1","key":"SKufkFbSNeSt7vFoL6wmw4R1"},{"id":"mpu2","key":"SKufkFbSNeSt7vFoL6wmw4R1"}]},"ines_taboola":{"placements":[{"id":"mpu0","container":"taboola-mid-main-column-thumbnails","placement":"Mid Main Column Thumbnails"},{"id":"mpu1","container":"taboola-mid-main-column-thumbnails-2nd","placement":"Mid Main Column Thumbnails 2nd"},{"id":"mpu2","container":"taboola-mid-main-column-thumbnails-3rd","placement":"Mid Main Column Thumbnails 3rd"}]},"commercial_ads":{"gptSlots":["leaderboard","mpu0","mpu3","teadsib","znaptag","thirdparty01","outofpageslot"],"lazy_gptSlots":["partner1","partner2","partner3","partner4","partner5","partner6","partner7","partner8","partner9","partner10","mpu1","mpu2","mpu4","mpu5","mpu6","mpu7","mpu8","mpu9","perform"],"breakpoints":{"750":[{"slot":"leaderboard","slotWidth":"320"}],"1050":[{"slot":"leaderboard","slotWidth":"728"}]}},"gigya_ui":{"shareButtons":[{"provider":"facebook","tooltip":"Share on Facebook","enableCount":"false","iconImgUp":"\/sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/img\/facebook.png"},{"provider":"Twitter","tooltip":"Share on Twitter","enableCount":"false","related":"independent,thei100,indyusa","via":"independent","iconImgUp":"\/sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/img\/twitter.png"},{"provider":"WhatsApp","tooltip":"WhatsApp","enableCount":"false","iconImgUp":"\/sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/img\/whatsapp.png"},{"provider":"email","tooltip":"email","enableCount":"false","iconImgUp":"\/sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/independent_theme\/img\/email.png"},{"provider":"share","tooltip":"Share","enableCount":true,"iconImgUp":"\/sites\/all\/themes\/ines_themes\/ines_theme\/img\/blank.gif"}]},"ines_share":{"fbAppId":"235586169789578"},"js_defer":{"onLoad":[],"onReady":[{"src":"\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/adyoulike.omnitagjs.com"},{"src":"\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/native.sharethrough.com\/assets\/sfp.js"},{"src":"\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/esi.gscontxt.net\/independent\/channels.cgi?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness"},{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_commercial\/ines_commercial_ads\/js\/commercial.openx.js"},{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/https:\/\/hammerjs.github.io\/dist\/hammer.min.js","id":"hammerjs","modernizr":"touchevents"},{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/cdn.gigya.com\/JS\/gigya.js?apiKey=2_bkQWNsWGVZf-fA4GnOiUOYdGuROCvoMoEN4WMj6_YBq4iecWA-Jp9D2GZCLbzON4","id":"gigya"}],"dependant":{"hammerjs":[{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_device\/js\/ines_device.js"}],"gigya":[{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/webservices.sub2tech.com\/CodeBase\/LIVE\/Min\/sub2.js?LICENSEKEY=a62ebd59-8802-4b7d-88d8-a93988f7e9ab\u0026trackPage=Y","id":"sub2tech"}],"sub2tech":[{"src":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161002052824\/http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/profiles\/ines\/modules\/ines_gigya\/js\/gigya.ui.js"}]}}}); //--><!]]> </script> <!-- POST HEAD INLINE --> </head> <body class="not-front section section-business"> <!-- PAGE TOP --> <!-- PAGE --> <header id="masthead"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/" title="Home"> <span class="logo"></span> </a> <ul id="dynamic-header"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/" title="Home"> <li class="logotype active"> <span class="logo-full"></span> </li> </a> <li class="push"> <div id="fb-root"></div> <div class="fb-like" data-href="https://www.facebook.com/TheIndependentOnline?fref=ts" data-layout="button_count" data-action="like" data-show-faces="false" data-share="false"></div> <a class="twitter-follow-button" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://twitter.com/TheIndyBusiness" data-show-screen-name="false" data-show-count="false"></a> </li> </ul> <nav> <ol><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news" title="" class="active-trail">News</a><ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/brexit" title="">Brexit latest</a></li> <li class="topic"><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/the-big-questions" title="">The Big Questions</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/jeremy-corbyn-labour-leadership-owen-smith-result-soon-over-mark-steel-a7322801.html" title="">Labour conference</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk" title="">UK</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas" title="">US</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world" title="">World</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people" title="">People</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics" title="">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business" title="" class="active-trail active">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science" title="">Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/" title="">Media</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries" title="">Obituaries</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices" title="">Voices</a><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/grace-dent" title="">Grace Dent</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/mary-dejevsky" title="">Mary Dejevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/robert-fisk" title="">Robert Fisk</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/john-rentoul" title="">John Rentoul</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/mark-steel" title="">Mark Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/campaigns/voicesindanger" title="">Voices in Danger</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/campaigns/GiantsClub" title="Giants Club">Giants Club</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment" title="">Culture</a><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv" title="">TV + radio</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films" title="">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music" title="">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books" title="">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art" title="">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance" title="">Theatre + dance</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style" title="">Lifestyle</a><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/travel" title="">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion" title="">Fashion + beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink" title="">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families" title="">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex" title="">Love + sex</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech" title="">Tech</a><ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/pokemon-go" title="">Pokemon GO</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news" title="">Tech news</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features" title="">Tech culture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/gaming" title="">Gaming</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport" title="">Sport</a><ul><li class="topic"><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/football-transfers" title="">Transfer news</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football" title="">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-union" title="">Rugby union</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket" title="">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis" title="">Tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/golf" title="">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing" title="">Motor racing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/us-sport" title="">US sport</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/marketing/apps" title="">Daily Edition</a><ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independentsubscriptions.co.uk/" title="Subscribe for a free trial">Subscribe for a free trial</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://edition.independent.co.uk/" title="Read now">Read now</a></li> </ul></li> </ol> </nav> <ol id="meta-nav"> <li class="search"> <a href="#" class="icon-search dropdown-toggle" title="Search"></a> <form class="search-form search search" action="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business" method="post" id="search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline search-container search-container form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-keys"> <label for="edit-keys"> </label> <input placeholder="Search" autofocus="1" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="20" maxlength="255" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit"/><input type="hidden" name="get" value="[]"/> </div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-I9iqpVHsLu91kuX0QhImUBtDBfmcn8SptNsPeSIKOdI"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="apachesolr_search_custom_page_search_form"/> </div></form> </li> <li class="edition"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="icon-uk dropdown-toggle" title="Edition"></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-edition="UK">UK Edition <span class="icon-check"></span></a> </li> <li> <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-edition="US">US Edition </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="account"> <a href="#" class="icon-user dropdown-toggle" title="Account"></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/login">Sign in</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/register">Register</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://www.independentsubscriptions.co.uk/" title="">Subscriptions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toggle-menu"> <a href="#" class="icon-menu" title="Toggle menu"></a> </li> </ol> <div id="menu"> <form class="search-form search search" action="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business" method="post" id="search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline search-container search-container form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-keys"> <label for="edit-keys"> </label> <input placeholder="Search" autofocus="1" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="20" maxlength="255" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit"/><input type="hidden" name="get" value="[]"/> </div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-I9iqpVHsLu91kuX0QhImUBtDBfmcn8SptNsPeSIKOdI"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="apachesolr_search_custom_page_search_form"/> </div></form> <ul class="topics"><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news" title="" class="active-trail">News</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li class="hot_topic"><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/labour-leadership-contest" title="">Labour leadership contest</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk" title="">UK</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas" title="">US</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world" title="">World</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics" title="">Politics</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people" title="">People</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science" title="">Science</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business" title="" class="active-trail active">Business</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/" title="">Media</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries" title="">Obituaries</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices" title="">Voices</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/robert-fisk" title="">Robert Fisk</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/mark-steel" title="">Mark Steel</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/grace-dent" title="">Grace Dent</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/janet-street-porter" title="Janet Street-Porter">Janet Street-Porter</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/holly-baxter" title="">Holly Baxter</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/author/john-rentoul" title="">John Rentoul</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/campaigns" title="">Campaigns</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment" title="">Comment</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/editorials" title="">Editorials</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/letters" title="">Letters</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/campaigns/GiantsClub" title="">Giants Club</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport" title="">Sport</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li class="hot_topic"><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/football-transfers" title="">Transfer news</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football" title="">Football</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/rugby/rugby-union" title="">Rugby union</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket" title="">Cricket</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis" title="">Tennis</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing" title="">Motor racing</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/us-sport" title="">US sports</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment" title="">Culture</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books" title="">Books</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films" title="">Film</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv" title="">TV</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music" title="">Music</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art" title="">Art</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance" title="">Theatre + dance</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/comedy" title="">Comedy</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://tickets.independent.co.uk/?utm_source=nav&utm_medium=Encore" title="">Tickets</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style" title="">Lifestyle</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/travel" title="">Travel</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring" title="">Motoring</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink" title="">Food + drink</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families" title="">Health + families</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion" title="">Fashion + beauty</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/student" title="">Student</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://courses.independent.co.uk/" title="">Find Courses</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex" title="">Love + sex</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://directory.independent.co.uk/?utm_source=independent&utm_medium=navbar&utm_campaign=touchlocal" title="">Business directory</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independentescapes.com/?utm_source=independent&utm_medium=navbar&utm_term=navbar&utm_campaign=secretescapes" title="">Secret Escapes</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech" title="">Tech</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li class="hot_topic"><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topic/iphone" title="">iPhone</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news" title="">Tech news</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features" title="">Tech culture</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/gaming" title="">Gaming</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/video" title="">Video</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/video/News" title="">News videos</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/video/Explainers" title="">Explainer videos</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/video/Sport" title="">Sport videos</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/video/People-and-culture" title="">People + culture videos</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest" title="">IndyBest</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/fashion-beauty" title="">Fashion & Beauty</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/house-garden" title="">Homes & Design</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/food-drink" title="">Food & Drink</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/gadgets-tech" title="">Gadgets & Tech</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/outdoor-activity" title="">Outdoor & Activity</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/arts-books" title="">Arts & Books</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/travel" title="">Travel</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money" title="">Money</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/mortgages" title="">Mortgages</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/loans-credit" title="">Loans</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/spend-save" title="">Savings</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/pensions" title="">Pensions</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/hifx-international-money-transfers?icn=hifx_nav" title="">Money transfers</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/money/health-insurance?icn=axa_nav" title="">Health insurance</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/extras" title="">Extras</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span><ul><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/corrections" title="">Corrections</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://www.indy100.com/" title="">indy100</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://puzzles.independent.co.uk/?utm_campaign=navbar&utm_medium=nav&utm_source=navpuzzles" title="">Puzzles</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://puzzles.independent.co.uk/?utm_campaign=navbar&utm_medium=nav&utm_source=navpuzzles" title="Crosswords Link">Crosswords</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/marketing/apps" title="">Apps</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/independentbooks" title="">The Independent Books</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://independentjobs.independent.co.uk/" title="">Jobs</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://dating.independent.co.uk/?utm_source=dating&utm_campaign=dating&utm_term=independent" title="">Dating</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/competitions/?icn=offfers_nav" title="">Competitions & offers</a><span class="toggle"><span class="icon-arrow-right"></span></span></li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul class="follow"> <li>Follow us:</li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://www.facebook.com/TheIndependentOnline" target="_blank" title="Facebook" class="icon-facebook"></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://twitter.com/independent" target="_blank" title="Twitter" class="icon-twitter"></a> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div id="content"> <div class="region region-header"> <div class="ad-leaderboard"> <div id="leaderboard" style="margin: 0 auto 40px;"></div> </div> </div> <div id="cookie-warning"> <a href="#" class="close icon-close" title="OK"></a> <p>We use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you advertisements that might interest you. Read our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/privacy-policy-a6184181.html">Privacy</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/cookie-policy-a6184186.html">Cookie</a> Policies to find out more.</p> </div> <div class="tabs"></div> <div class="region region-content"> <div class="term-listing-heading"> <header class="section-title "> <h1 class="box-title"> <span class="title">Business</span> <span class="slogan"></span> </h1> </header> <div class="content"> <div class="row" data-tb-region="row-1"><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text full-photo featured " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/firms-expect-surge-in-economic-activity-amid-calls-for-government-to-outline-clear-brexit-strategy-a7340821.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc" style="background-image: url('https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/http://www.independent.co.uk/s3/files/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/30/15/nissan-sunderland.jpg');"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/firms-expect-surge-in-economic-activity-amid-calls-for-government-to-outline-clear-brexit-strategy-a7340821.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/firms-expect-surge-in-economic-activity-amid-calls-for-government-to-outline-clear-brexit-strategy-a7340821.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Firms expect growth amid calls for clear Brexit strategy</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>A new study shows that all sectors expect strong growth in the next three months</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-cc" style="background-image: url('https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/30/18/britain-wildlife.jpg');"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/brexit-save-wildlife-nature-rspb-wwf-farming-agriculture-a7340161.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/brexit-save-wildlife-nature-rspb-wwf-farming-agriculture-a7340161.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Brexit is a ‘once-in-a-generation’ chance to save UK’s wildlife</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc" style="background-image: url('https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/25/16/toronto-skyline.jpg');"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/the-19-countries-with-the-highest-level-of-government-debt-a7340121.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/the-19-countries-with-the-highest-level-of-government-debt-a7340121.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>The 19 countries with the highest level of government debt</a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1" data-locked="true"> <div id="mpu0" class="grid-mod-single-mpu"> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-2"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-stock-market-shares-john-cryan-ceo-a7340111.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/27/14/deutsche-bank.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-stock-market-shares-john-cryan-ceo-a7340111.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-stock-market-shares-john-cryan-ceo-a7340111.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Deutsche Bank chief Cryan issues reassurance as shares wobble</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Deutsche's shares hit record lows on Friday morning, but recoveredafter John Cryan's comments</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/30/15/asos.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/asos-working-conditions-staff-treatment-report-mp-investigation-a7339891.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/asos-working-conditions-staff-treatment-report-mp-investigation-a7339891.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Asos working conditions to be investigated by MPs</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/05/19/rbs.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/rbs-revives-natwest-markets-as-it-removes-its-name-from-its-investment-bank-a7339271.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/rbs-revives-natwest-markets-as-it-removes-its-name-from-its-investment-bank-a7339271.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>RBS revives NatWest Markets as it removes its name from its investment</a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-nissan-compensation-deal-uk-investment-a7339211.html" data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/05/09/nissan.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-nissan-compensation-deal-uk-investment-a7339211.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-nissan-compensation-deal-uk-investment-a7339211.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Nissan demands Brexit compensation deal before making UK investment</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The plant in Sunderland produces about a third of the UK’s car output and is heavily dependent on exports to the single market</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/nissans-warning-on-brexit-is-the-shape-of-things-to-come-a7339051.html" data-tb-region-item="4-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/05/10/nissan.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/nissans-warning-on-brexit-is-the-shape-of-things-to-come-a7339051.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/nissans-warning-on-brexit-is-the-shape-of-things-to-come-a7339051.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Nissan's warning on Brexit is the shape of things to come</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Trade minister Liam Fox can pout and pontificate all he wants but business leaders are cutting investment and job losses will follow </p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-3"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1" data-locked="true"> <div id="mpu4" class="grid-mod-single-mpu"> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story grid-mod-half-height " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-ceo-john-cryan-memo-to-staff-shares-stock-market-europe-a7339081.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1_half/public/thumbnails/image/2015/10/29/11/John-Cryan-Deutsche-Bank.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-ceo-john-cryan-memo-to-staff-shares-stock-market-europe-a7339081.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-ceo-john-cryan-memo-to-staff-shares-stock-market-europe-a7339081.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Deutsche Bank CEO's memo to staff in full</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The collapse follows reports that ten hedge funds had reduced their exposure to the lender and have taken their business elsewhere</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story grid-mod-half-height " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-shares-stock-market-europe-john-cryan-memo-ceo-barclays-a7338951.html" data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-cc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1_half/public/thumbnails/image/2016/03/10/00/biz-51-deutsche-bank-getty.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-shares-stock-market-europe-john-cryan-memo-ceo-barclays-a7338951.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/deutsche-bank-shares-stock-market-europe-john-cryan-memo-ceo-barclays-a7338951.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Deutsche Bank fears rattle stock market as shares hit record low</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Chief executive of bank says 'new rumours' causing share price to fall</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1" data-locked="true"> <div id="mpu3" class="grid-mod-single-mpu"> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-4"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/services-power-uk-economy-in-wake-of-referendum-a7338901.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/20/13/citylondon.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/services-power-uk-economy-in-wake-of-referendum-a7338901.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/services-power-uk-economy-in-wake-of-referendum-a7338901.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Services power UK economy in wake of referendum</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The UK’s dominant services sector grew 0.4 per cent in July according to the latest official data, confirming the impression that the economy has so far brushed off the impact of the Brexit vote</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/big-puddings-government-crackdown-health-calories-obesity-mcdonalds-pizza-express-starbucks-a7338836.html" data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/06/23/18/etonmesslayercake.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/big-puddings-government-crackdown-health-calories-obesity-mcdonalds-pizza-express-starbucks-a7338836.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/big-puddings-government-crackdown-health-calories-obesity-mcdonalds-pizza-express-starbucks-a7338836.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Restaurants that serve big puddings to be named and shamed</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Pizza Express, Starbucks, McDonald’s and Gourmet Burger Kitchen have been told to reduce the size of their cakes and pastries</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/youtubewallsign.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/is-alphabets-youtube-planning-to-compete-with-spotify-and-apple-music-a7338611.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/is-alphabets-youtube-planning-to-compete-with-spotify-and-apple-music-a7338611.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Will Alphabet's YouTube compete with Spotify and Apple Music?</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="3-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/03/24/13/tyrie.png"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/andrew-tyrie-blasts-banks-and-regulators-over-it-failings-a7338006.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/andrew-tyrie-blasts-banks-and-regulators-over-it-failings-a7338006.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Andrew Tyrie blasts banks and regulators over IT failings </a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/sainsburys-dairy-free-cheese-range-vegans-coeliacs-gluten-free-a7337991.html" data-tb-region-item="4-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/21/11/cheese.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/sainsburys-dairy-free-cheese-range-vegans-coeliacs-gluten-free-a7337991.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/sainsburys-dairy-free-cheese-range-vegans-coeliacs-gluten-free-a7337991.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Sainsbury's launches dairy-free cheese range suitable for vegans</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Sainsbury’s dairy-free cheeses are available in stores across the UK from 28 September.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-5"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1" data-locked="true"> <div id="mpu1" class="grid-mod-single-mpu"> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/how-on-earth-will-labour-raise-500bn-to-make-britain-more-socialist-a7337651.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/29/17/paul-mason.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/how-on-earth-will-labour-raise-500bn-to-make-britain-more-socialist-a7337651.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/how-on-earth-will-labour-raise-500bn-to-make-britain-more-socialist-a7337651.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>How on earth will Labour raise £500bn to make Britain more socialist?</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The Biq Questions: Where would the money come from? Would it be printed? Do we need it? What would be the consequences?</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/cma-to-investigate-price-comparison-sites-but-dont-let-that-discourage-you-from-switching-with-them-a7337596.html" data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2014/10/20/19/9-Comparison1.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/cma-to-investigate-price-comparison-sites-but-dont-let-that-discourage-you-from-switching-with-them-a7337596.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/cma-to-investigate-price-comparison-sites-but-dont-let-that-discourage-you-from-switching-with-them-a7337596.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>CMA probes price sites but don't let that stop you switching</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>They've generally been a good thing but there are issues with the way they operate. The CMA's review could also help it to put right a mistaken ruling</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-6"><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/new-scandal-threatens-worlds-largest-oil-trader-vitol-and-boss-ian-taylor-a7337546.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2014/07/23/20/v2-pg-1-taylor-1-bloomberg-DONTUSEAGAIN.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/new-scandal-threatens-worlds-largest-oil-trader-vitol-and-boss-ian-taylor-a7337546.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/new-scandal-threatens-worlds-largest-oil-trader-vitol-and-boss-ian-taylor-a7337546.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>New scandal threatens Ian Taylor's Vitol</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Vitol faces claims it bamboozled Mozambique, the impovershed African nation, into overpaying in a fuel deal</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/29/15/asos-logo.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/asos-sports-direct-working-conditions-zero-hours-contracts-unable-to-take-toilet-breaks-panic-attack-a7337441.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/asos-sports-direct-working-conditions-zero-hours-contracts-unable-to-take-toilet-breaks-panic-attack-a7337441.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Asos staff are fired for having panic attacks, report claims</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/11/17/ian-taylor-vitol.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/the-truth-about-vitol-s-tax-affairs-a7337201.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/the-truth-about-vitol-s-tax-affairs-a7337201.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>The Truth about Vitol’s tax affairs</a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/capita-has-tripped-up-good-luck-with-working-out-what-its-problems-are-its-announcement-is-as-clear-a7337156.html" data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2008/01/08/14/CongestionCharge.jpeg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/capita-has-tripped-up-good-luck-with-working-out-what-its-problems-are-its-announcement-is-as-clear-a7337156.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/capita-has-tripped-up-good-luck-with-working-out-what-its-problems-are-its-announcement-is-as-clear-a7337156.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Capita has tripped up. What's the problem? Who can tell?</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The outsourcer's trading statement is full of corporate gobbledygook. Perhaps it should outsource future missives to somone who can write in plain English</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-7"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-mortgage-approvals-fall-to-lowest-in-21-months-a7337116.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-cc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/05/12/renting.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-mortgage-approvals-fall-to-lowest-in-21-months-a7337116.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-mortgage-approvals-fall-to-lowest-in-21-months-a7337116.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Mortgage approvals fall to lowest in 21 months</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Mortgage approvals slipped to 60,058 in August, the lowest since November 2014, which analysts said pointed to a softening of the housing market</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/samsungsign2.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/samsung-washing-machines-explode-us-probe-galaxy-note-recall-a7337031.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/samsung-washing-machines-explode-us-probe-galaxy-note-recall-a7337031.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Samsung washing machines are now exploding too</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/07/11/15/student-at-job-interview-best-tips-for-job-interviews.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/best-companies-to-have-job-interviews-with-topshop-easyjet-waitrose-primark-edf-glassdoor-a7335611.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/best-companies-to-have-job-interviews-with-topshop-easyjet-waitrose-primark-edf-glassdoor-a7335611.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>The best companies to have a job interview with revealed</a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/opec-oil-production-reduction-company-slashes-for-first-time-since-2008-a7336846.html" data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/01/18/19/16-oil-rig-rex.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/opec-oil-production-reduction-company-slashes-for-first-time-since-2008-a7336846.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/opec-oil-production-reduction-company-slashes-for-first-time-since-2008-a7336846.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Global stock markets rally as OPEC agrees to slash oil production </a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>In a decision led by a rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Iran, OPEC ministers decided to cut production by 750,000 barrels a day</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1" data-locked="true"> <div id="mpu2" class="grid-mod-single-mpu"> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-8"><article data-weight="4" class="weight-4"><div class="partner-slots"> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-1"> <div id="partner1"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-2"> <div id="partner2"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-3"> <div id="partner3"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-4"> <div id="partner4"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-5"> <div id="partner5"> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-9"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/spotify-in-talks-to-buy-soundcloud-a7336656.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/29/07/if-soundcloud-then-spotify.png"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/spotify-in-talks-to-buy-soundcloud-a7336656.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/spotify-in-talks-to-buy-soundcloud-a7336656.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Spotify in talks to buy SoundCloud</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The streaming giant is reportedly making moves</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-cc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/28/10/bhs-reuters.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/bhs-british-aiways-sainsburys-business-news-in-brief-on-wednesday-september-28-a7335341.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/bhs-british-aiways-sainsburys-business-news-in-brief-on-wednesday-september-28-a7335341.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Business news in brief on Wednesday September 28</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="container-half grid-mod-half-story " data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2012/05/04/21/SS4-5-Abramovich.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/apple-hq-london-battersea-power-station-move-date-a7335221.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/apple-hq-london-battersea-power-station-move-date-a7335221.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Apple to move London HQ to Battersea Power Station</a></h1> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-tariffs-on-uk-car-exports-to-europe-would-be-disastrous-for-jobs-says-jaguar-land-a7334991.html" data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/28/15/great-paris-2.gif"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-tariffs-on-uk-car-exports-to-europe-would-be-disastrous-for-jobs-says-jaguar-land-a7334991.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-tariffs-on-uk-car-exports-to-europe-would-be-disastrous-for-jobs-says-jaguar-land-a7334991.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Tariffs on UK car exports to EU would be 'disastrous' for jobs</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>EXCLUSIVE: Hanno Kirner, executive director at JLR, issued the stark warning ahead of the Paris Motor Show</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-10"><article data-weight="4" class="weight-4"><div class="partner-slots"> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-1"> <div id="partner6"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-2"> <div id="partner7"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-3"> <div id="partner8"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-4"> <div id="partner9"> </div> </div> <div class="es-partners-slot parter-slot-5"> <div id="partner10"> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-11"><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/sainsburys-better-for-shoppers-than-shareholders-a7334886.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-bc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size1/public/thumbnails/image/2016/03/15/23/biz-52-sainsburys-pa.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/sainsburys-better-for-shoppers-than-shareholders-a7334886.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/sainsburys-better-for-shoppers-than-shareholders-a7334886.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Sainsbury’s better for shoppers than shareholders </a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The grocer has proved the doubters wrong in the past, but if faces some daunting challenges</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="1" class="weight-1"><div class="container grid-mod-list no-title"> <ul class="simple-news-list"> <li class="story" data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/yanis-varoufakis-says-brexit-is-like-hotel-california-you-can-check-out-any-time-you-like-but-you-a7334781.html"> <div class="image-holder"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-original="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/storylist/public/thumbnails/image/2016/03/07/19/web-the-eagles-rex.jpg"/> </div> <h2>Yanis Varoufakis just put forward a perfect Brexit analogy</h2> </a> </li> <li class="story" data-tb-region-item="2-2"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-article-50-when-will-it-be-triggered-yanis-varoufakis-says-now-for-best-deal-eu-a7334616.html"> <div class="image-holder"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-original="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/storylist/public/thumbnails/image/2016/03/01/21/pg-20-varoufakis-getty.jpg"/> </div> <h2>Yanis Varoufakis on what the Tories must do after UK voted for Brexit</h2> </a> </li> <li class="story" data-tb-region-item="2-3"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/wells-fargos-boss-has-forfeited-41m-over-its-bogus-accounts-scandal-incentives-like-that-are-the-a7334536.html"> <div class="image-holder"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-original="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/storylist/public/thumbnails/image/2012/07/12/22/28-bankpaysout-rt.jpg"/> </div> <h2>Wells Fargo's boss has forfeited $41m. No wonder it's in trouble</h2> </a> </li> <li class="story" data-tb-region-item="2-4"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-deputy-bank-of-england-governor-minouche-shafik-says-another-rate-cut-still-likely-a7334541.html"> <div class="image-holder"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-original="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/storylist/public/thumbnails/image/2015/05/26/16/Nemat-Shafik1.jpg"/> </div> <h2>Minouche Shafik says another rate cut still likely</h2> </a> </li> <li class="story" data-tb-region-item="2-5"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-latest-uk-economy-competition-world-wef-risk-a7334391.html"> <div class="image-holder"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" data-original="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/storylist/public/thumbnails/image/2015/01/28/11/Canary-Wharf.jpg"/> </div> <h2>Brexit vote threatens UK's rising global competitiveness, says WEF</h2> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/rbs-pays-846m-fine-to-settle-us-mis-selling-claims-a7334216.html" data-tb-region-item="3-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2016/08/05/19/rbs.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/rbs-pays-846m-fine-to-settle-us-mis-selling-claims-a7334216.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/rbs-pays-846m-fine-to-settle-us-mis-selling-claims-a7334216.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>RBS pays £846m settlement for its role in the 2008 financial crisis</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>RBS sold the securities to two credit unions, which failed after the US housing bubble burst in 2008.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div><div class="row" data-tb-region="row-12"><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/oecd-says-glass-ceiling-still-exists-despite-high-profile-female-appointments-its-time-to-smash-it-a7333471.html" data-tb-region-item="1-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/26/18/theresa-may-2016-09-19.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/oecd-says-glass-ceiling-still-exists-despite-high-profile-female-appointments-its-time-to-smash-it-a7333471.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/oecd-says-glass-ceiling-still-exists-despite-high-profile-female-appointments-its-time-to-smash-it-a7333471.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>OECD says glass ceiling remains despite high-profile appointments</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>Women are still being left out of the top jobs and make up a tiny minority of Britain's best paid people</p> </div> </div> </div> </article><article data-weight="2" class="weight-2"><div class="container grid-mod-story bottom-text grow-photo " data-url="/web/20161002052824oe_/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/angela-merkels-deutsche-bank-dilemma-is-there-a-way-out-a7333276.html" data-tb-region-item="2-1"> <div class="image_wrapper"> <div class="image image-align-tc lazy" data-original="https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/styles/size2/public/thumbnails/image/2016/09/27/14/deutsche-bank.jpg"> <a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/angela-merkels-deutsche-bank-dilemma-is-there-a-way-out-a7333276.html"></a> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="capsules" data-capsule-count="0"> <ul> <li class="shares"> <span class="icon-trending"></span> <span class="label"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <h1><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/angela-merkels-deutsche-bank-dilemma-is-there-a-way-out-a7333276.html"><span class="media-prefix "></span>Angela Merkel's Deutsche Bank dilemma - is there a way out?</a></h1> <div class="lead"> <p>The German Chancellor has said she won't step in to help the troubled bank. Its chief executive says he's fine with that, but the market's think otherwise</p> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="mastfooter" tynt-data="no-content"> <div class="stamp"></div> <ul class="follow"> <li>Follow us:</li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://www.facebook.com/TheIndependentOnline" target="_blank" title="Facebook" class="icon-facebook"></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://twitter.com/independent" target="_blank" title="Twitter" class="icon-twitter"></a> </li> </ul> <ul class="links"><li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/user-policies-a6184151.html" title="">User Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/privacy-policy-a6184181.html" title="">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/cookie-policy-a6184186.html" title="">Cookie Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/code-of-conduct-a6184241.html" title="">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://independentnews.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/requests/new" title="">Complaint Form</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/contact-us-759589.html" title="">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/service/external-contributors-policy-7905982.html" title="">Contributors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/topics-list" title="">All Topics</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/archive" title="">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/register" title="">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://independentjobs.independent.co.uk/" title="">Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://www.independentsubscriptions.co.uk/" title="">Subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://esimedia.co.uk/" title="">Advertising Guide</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://syndication.independent.co.uk/" title="">Syndication</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.standard.co.uk/" title="">Evening Standard</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://en.novayagazeta.ru/" title="">Novaya Gazeta</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.independent.co.uk/marketing/apps/" title="">Install our Apps</a></li> </ul> </footer> <div id="outofpageslot"> </div> <div id="teadsib"> </div> <div id="znaptag" tynt-data="no-content"> </div> <div id="thirdparty01"> </div> </div> <!-- PRE FOOTER INLINE --> <script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-27212627-1", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("set", "anonymizeIp", true);ga("send", "pageview"); ; </script> <!-- PAGE BOTTOM --> <div class="region region-page-bottom"> <!-- SiteCatalyst code version: h.27.5. Copyright 1996-2016 Adobe, Inc. --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://www.independent.co.uk/sites/all/libraries/sitecatalyst/ind_s_code.js?oee5i2"></script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- s.hier1="news,business"; s.channel="news"; s.prop1="news:business"; s.prop2=""; s.prop8="Business Frontpage"; s.pageName="news\/business\/home"; s.prop18="New Site"; s.prop6=""; s.prop7=""; s.server="www.independent.co.uk"; /************* DO NOT ALTER ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ! **************/ var s_code=s.t();if(s_code)document.write(s_code)//--></script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- if(navigator.appVersion.indexOf('MSIE')>=0)document.write(unescape('%3C')+'\!-'+'-') //--></script> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/http://independent.122.2o7.net/b/ss/indepdev/1/H.27.5--NS/0?[AQB]&cdp=3&[AQE]/2506097" height="1" width="1" alt=""></noscript> <!--/DO NOT REMOVE/--> <!-- End SiteCatalyst code version: h.27.5. --> <div class="adblock-modal adblock" style="display: none;"> <aside class="adblock-notice"> <div class="ctrl"><button class="close" data-action="close">Close</button></div> <h2><span class="logo"></span></h2> <div class="adblock-container main"> <div class="content"> <p><strong>We've noticed that you are using an ad blocker.</strong></p> <p>Advertising helps fund our journalism and keep it truly independent. It helps to build our international editorial team, from war correspondents to investigative reporters, commentators to critics.</p> <div class="content-section"> <p><a data-toggle="instructions" href="javascript:void(0);">Click here to view instructions</a> on how to disable your ad blocker, and help us to keep providing you with free-thinking journalism - for free.</p> <p>Thank you for your support.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="adblock-container instructions"> <p><strong>How to disable your ad blocker for <span class="site-url">independent.co.uk</span></strong></p> <h3 class="ad-block-icon"> Adblock / Adblock Plus</h3> <ul> <li>Click the Adblock/Adblock Plus icon, which is to the right of your address bar.</li> <li>On Adblock click "Don't run on pages on this domain".</li> <li>On Adblock Plus click "Enabled on this site" to disable ad blocking for the current website you are on. If you are in Firefox click "disable on <span class="site-url">independent.co.uk</span>".</li> </ul> <h3 class="firefox-icon">Firefox Tracking Protection</h3> <ul> <li>If you are Private Browsing in Firefox, "Tracking Protection" may cause the adblock notice to show. It can be temporarily disabled by clicking the "shield" icon in the address bar.</li> </ul> <h3 class="ghostery-icon">Ghostery</h3> <ul> <li>Click the Ghostery icon.</li> <li>In versions before 6.0 click "whitelist site".</li> <li>In version 6.0 click "trust site" or add <span class="site-url">independent.co.uk</span> to your Trusted Site list.</li> <li>In versions before 6.0 you will see the message "Site is whitelisted".</li> <li>Click "reload the page to see your changes".</li> </ul> <h3 class="ublock-icon">uBlock</h3> <ul> <li>Click the uBlock icon.</li> <li>Then click the big power button to whitelist the current web site, and its state will be remembered next time you visit the web site.</li> <li>Then reload the page.</li> </ul> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="adblock-modal adblock-confirm" style="display: none;"> <aside class="adblock-notice"> <div class="ctrl"><button class="close" data-action="close">Close</button></div> <h2><span class="logo"></span></h2> <div class="adblock-container main"> <div class="content"> <p>Thank you for supporting <span class="site-url">independent.co.uk</span></p> </div> <button data-action="close">Continue to our site</button> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <!-- POST FOOTER INLINE --> <script>window.jQuery || document.write("<script src='/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/jquery/2.1/jquery.min.js'>\x3C/script>") ; document.createElement( "picture" ); ; //Add js: Temp inskin grid recalculate patch jQuery(function(){ function show_inskin(){ Drupal.behaviors.grid.recalculate(); window.setTimeout( show_inskin, 1000 ); }; window.setTimeout( show_inskin, 1000 ); }); ; //Add js: jQuery Alias var $ = jQuery; ; //Add js: Check for Iframed pages (function () { var topParent = window.top.location.href, parent = window.parent.location.href, combi = topParent + " - " + parent; if (topParent != parent) { console.log(combi); ga('send', 'event', 'iFramer', combi); } })(); ; //Add js: PageFair AdBlock Detection (function() { function async_load(script_url){ var protocol = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://' : 'http://'); var s = document.createElement('script'); s.src = protocol + script_url; var x = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; x.parentNode.insertBefore(s, x); } bm_website_code = '50DD925A1FA64A66'; jQuery(document).ready(function(){async_load('asset.pagefair.com/measure.min.js')}); jQuery(document).ready(function(){async_load('asset.pagefair.net/ads.min.js')}); })(); ; jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, { "themeName": "independent_theme" }); ; jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, { "s_account": "indepdev" }); ; (function() { function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt = (new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat_mab.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); ; (function($) { var test = document.createElement('div'); test.innerHTML = ' '; test.className = 'adsbox'; function detectOnload(){ document.body.appendChild(test); if (test.offsetHeight === 0) { document.body.classList.add('adblock'); $('body').trigger('AdblockDetected'); // add GA Events if defined if(typeof ga !== 'undefined'){ ga('send', 'event', 'Adblock', 'Blocked', location.href); } } else { $('body').trigger('AdblockNotDetected'); // add GA Events if defined if(typeof ga !== 'undefined'){ ga('send', 'event', 'Adblock', 'Unblocked', location.href); } // Old var should be depricat4d but used elsewhere window.runAds = true; } test.remove(); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? detectOnload : function() { oldonload(); detectOnload(); }; }) (jQuery); ; (function($) { $('body').on('AdblockDetected', function() { // check for mobile with helper if (typeof window.helper.isMobile !== 'undefined' && !window.helper.isMobile.any()){ var adblock_cookie = window.helper.getCookie('adblock_detected'); if (adblock_cookie !== 'ignored'){ $('.adblock.adblock-modal').css('display', 'block').appendTo('body'); window.helper.createCookie('adblock_detected', 'detected', 1); $('.adblock-modal [data-action="close"]').click(function(e){ window.helper.createCookie('adblock_detected', 'ignored', 30); $('.adblock-modal').remove(); }); $( window ).resize(function() { var height = $(window).height(); var container = $('.adblock-modal .adblock-container').filter(':visible'); container.height('auto'); container.css('overflow-y', ''); if (container.height() > $(window).height() - 190){ container.height($(window).height() - 190); container.css('overflow-y', 'scroll'); } }); $(window).trigger('resize'); } } }); }) (jQuery); ; (function($) { $('body').on('AdblockNotDetected', function() { var adblock_cookie = window.helper.getCookie('adblock_detected'); if (adblock_cookie) { $('.adblock-confirm.adblock-modal').css('display', 'block').appendTo('body'); window.helper.deleteCookie('adblock_detected'); if(typeof ga !== 'undefined'){ ga('send', 'event', 'AdblockDisabled', 'Disabled', location.href); } $('.adblock-modal [data-action="close"]').click(function(e){ $('.adblock-modal').remove(); }); }; }); }) (jQuery); ; var openXSettings = {"networkcode":"71347885-independent","publisher":"esimedia"}; ; window.__gigyaConf = {sessionExpiration: -2,} ; window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({category:"auto"}); !function (e, f, u) { e.async = 1; e.src = u; f.parentNode.insertBefore(e, f); }(document.createElement("script"), document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], "//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://cdn.taboola.com/libtrc/eslmedia-theindependent/loader.js"); ; window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({flush: true}); ; ga('send', 'event', 'Replatform', 'pageview', location.href); ; ga('send', 'event', 'Page Type', pageType, location.href); ; (function(){var a=document,b=a.createElement("script"),a=a.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.type="text/javascript";b.async=!0;b.src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://z.moatads.com/eveningstandard858kBFE49/moatcontent.js";a.parentNode.insertBefore(b,a)})(); ; jQuery(function() { ga('create', 'UA-69936242-1', 'auto', 'combined'); ga('combined.send', 'pageview'); }); </script> <!-- COMSCORE --> <!-- Begin comScore Tag --> <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "10476312" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824im_/https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=10476312&cv=2.0&cj=1"/> </noscript> <!-- End comScore Tag --> <!-- QUBIT --> <div id="overlay"></div> <!-- BEGIN Krux Control Tag for "Independent" --> <!-- Source: /snippet/controltag?confid=I8gY_o93&site=Independent&edit=1 --> <script class="kxct" data-id="I8gY_o93" data-timing="async" data-version="1.9" type="text/javascript"> window.Krux || ((Krux = function() { Krux.q.push(arguments) }).q = []); (function() { var k = document.createElement('script'); k.type = 'text/javascript'; k.async = true; var m, src = (m = location.href.match(/\bkxsrc=([^&]+)/)) && decodeURIComponent(m[1]); k.src = /^https?:\/\/([^\/]+\.)?krxd\.net(:\d{1,5})?\//i.test(src) ? src : src === "disable" ? "" : (location.protocol === "https:" ? "https:" : "http:") + "//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://cdn.krxd.net/controltag?confid=I8gY_o93"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(k, s); }()); </script> <!-- END Krux Controltag --> <!-- Sherlock Tag --> <script>var js_loaded=false;</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/https://stag.mdotlabs.com/ads.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/https://stag.mdotlabs.com/sherlock.php?clientID=6035250"></script> <!-- End Sherlock Tag --> <!-- Sailthru Horizon --> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { function loadHorizon() { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true; s.src = location.protocol + '//web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/http://ak.sail-horizon.com/horizon/v1.js'; var x = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; x.parentNode.insertBefore(s, x); } loadHorizon(); var oldOnLoad = window.onload; window.onload = function() { if (typeof oldOnLoad === 'function') { oldOnLoad(); } Sailthru.setup({ domain: 'horizon.e.independent.co.uk', useStoredTags: false }); }; })(); </script> <!-- End Sailthru Horizon --> <!-- Rakuten Automate starts here --> <script type="text/javascript"> var _auto = { accountKey: "123dd09d16f348e1ef09c3d8851489d6419655b011bf7d35536f97fb052a92f9", u1: "", compatible: true, apiURL: "https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://popshops.com", snippetURL: "https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824/https://automate-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/minified_logic.js", widgetKey: "9l9w3eb6tlrxl0jro1inbgusk2d6krwr", aelJS: null, useDefaultAEL: false, loaded: false, events: [] };var ael=window.addEventListener;window.addEventListener=function(a,b,c,d){"click"!==a&&_auto.useDefaultAEL?ael(a,b,c):_auto.events.push({type:a,handler:b,capture:c,rakuten:d})};_auto.links={};var httpRequest=new XMLHttpRequest;httpRequest.open("GET",_auto.snippetURL,!0);httpRequest.timeout=5E3;httpRequest.ontimeout=function(){if(!_auto.loaded){for(i=0;i<_auto.events.length;i++){var a=_auto.events[i];ael(a.type,a.handler,a.capture)}_auto.useDefaultAEL=!0}};httpRequest.onreadystatechange=function(){httpRequest.readyState===XMLHttpRequest.DONE&&200===httpRequest.status&&(eval(httpRequest.responseText),_auto.run(ael))};httpRequest.send(null); </script> <!-- Rakuten Automate ends here --> <!-- Begin BlueKai Tag --> <iframe name="__bkframe" height="0" width="0" frameborder="0" style="display:none;position:absolute;clip:rect(0px 0px 0px 0px)" src="about:blank"></iframe> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161002052824js_/http://tags.bkrtx.com/js/bk-coretag.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> bk_addPageCtx('news', 'business'); bk_doJSTag(37716, 10); </script> <!-- End BlueKai Tag --> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 05:28:24 Oct 02, 2016 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 09:38:44 Nov 24, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.683 exclusion.robots: 0.062 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.017 esindex: 0.011 cdx.remote: 9.197 LoadShardBlock: 235.664 (6) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 184.28 (7) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 106.397 (2) load_resource: 151.145 -->