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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah_Penggunaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah_Penggunaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah Penggunaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah_Penggunaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perkembangan_dalam_Kekaisaran_Romawi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perkembangan_dalam_Kekaisaran_Romawi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Perkembangan dalam Kekaisaran Romawi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perkembangan_dalam_Kekaisaran_Romawi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penggunaan_di_Kekaisaran_Bizantium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penggunaan_di_Kekaisaran_Bizantium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Penggunaan di Kekaisaran Bizantium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penggunaan_di_Kekaisaran_Bizantium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengaruh_di_Luar_Romawi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengaruh_di_Luar_Romawi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pengaruh di Luar Romawi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pengaruh_di_Luar_Romawi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pengaruh di Luar Romawi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pengaruh_di_Luar_Romawi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dunia_Slavik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dunia_Slavik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Dunia Slavik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dunia_Slavik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kekaisaran_Jerman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kekaisaran_Jerman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Kekaisaran Jerman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kekaisaran_Jerman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simbolisme_dalam_Kekuasaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbolisme_dalam_Kekuasaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Simbolisme dalam Kekuasaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simbolisme_dalam_Kekuasaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_Juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_Juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lihat Juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_Juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesar (gelar)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 55 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(Titel)" title="Caesar (Titel) – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Caesar (Titel)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%B1_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" title="قيصر (لقب) – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قيصر (لقب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezar_(titul)" title="Sezar (titul) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sezar (titul)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Цэзар (тытул) – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэзар (тытул)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Цезар (титла) – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цезар (титла)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(titl)" title="Caesar (titl) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Caesar (titl)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A8sar_(t%C3%ADtol)" title="Cèsar (títol) – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cèsar (títol)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesar" title="Sesar – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sesar" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar" title="Caesar – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Caesar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A6sar_(titel)" title="Cæsar (titel) – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cæsar (titel)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(Titel)" title="Caesar (Titel) – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Caesar (Titel)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezar_(name)" title="Sezar (name) – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sezar (name)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Καίσαρας – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καίσαρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(title)" title="Caesar (title) – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Caesar (title)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cezaro_(titolo)" title="Cezaro (titolo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cezaro (titolo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_(t%C3%ADtulo)" title="César (título) – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="César (título)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zesar_(titulua)" title="Zesar (titulua) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zesar (titulua)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="سزار (عنوان) – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سزار (عنوان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(arvonimi)" title="Caesar (arvonimi) – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Caesar (arvonimi)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_(titre)" title="César (titre) – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="César (titre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(titel)" title="Caesar (titel) – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Caesar (titel)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_(t%C3%ADtulo)" title="César (título) – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="César (título)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(Th%C3%A8u-h%C3%A2m)" title="Caesar (Thèu-hâm) – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Caesar (Thèu-hâm)" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(c%C3%ADm)" title="Caesar (cím) – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Caesar (cím)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare" title="Cesare – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cesare" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare_(titolo)" title="Cesare (titolo) – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cesare (titolo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B5%E3%83%AB_(%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%B7)" title="カエサル (称号) – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カエサル (称号)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Цезарь – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Цезарь" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EB%A5%B4_(%EC%B9%AD%ED%98%B8)" title="카이사르 (칭호) – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카이사르 (칭호)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(titulus)" title="Caesar (titulus) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Caesar (titulus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Цезар (титула) – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цезар (титула)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC" title="കൈസർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൈസർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(gelaran)" title="Caesar (gelaran) – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Caesar (gelaran)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(titel)" title="Caesar (titel) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Caesar (titel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A6sar" title="Cæsar – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Cæsar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A6sar_(tittel)" title="Cæsar (tittel) – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cæsar (tittel)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesar_(t%C3%ADtol)" title="Cesar (títol) – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cesar (títol)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cezar_(tytu%C5%82)" title="Cezar (tytuł) – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cezar (tytuł)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ser_(dignit%C3%A0)" title="Céser (dignità) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Céser (dignità)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_(t%C3%ADtulo)" title="César (título) – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="César (título)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cezar_(titlu)" title="Cezar (titlu) – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cezar (titlu)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Цезарь (титул) – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цезарь (титул)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cezar_(titula)" title="Cezar (titula) – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cezar (titula)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cezar_(naslov)" title="Cezar (naslov) – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cezar (naslov)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Цезар – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цезар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(titel)" title="Caesar (titel) – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Caesar (titel)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D)" title="சீசர் (சிறப்புப் பெயர்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீசர் (சிறப்புப் பெயர்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ไกซาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไกซาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sezar_(unvan)" title="Sezar (unvan) – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sezar (unvan)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Цезар (титул) – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цезар (титул)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B5%D8%B1_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8)" title="قیصر (لقب) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قیصر (لقب)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9zare_(t%C3%ACtu%C5%82o)" title="Cézare (tìtuło) – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cézare (tìtuło)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_(t%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_hi%E1%BB%87u)" title="Caesar (tước hiệu) – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Caesar (tước hiệu)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E6%92%92_(%E5%A4%B4%E8%A1%94)" title="凯撒 (头衔) – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凯撒 (头衔)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%92%92_(%E9%8A%9C%E9%A0%AD)" title="凱撒 (銜頭) – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="凱撒 (銜頭)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188751#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(gelar)" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan:Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi (halaman belum tersedia) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Caesar_(gelar)" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Caesar_(gelar)" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&oldid=26410213" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Caesar_%28gelar%29&id=26410213&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCaesar_%28gelar%29"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCaesar_%28gelar%29"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Caesar+%28gelar%29"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Caesar_%28gelar%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188751" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nowraplinks vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr" style="font-size:smaller"><span class="fn org"><a href="/wiki/Romawi_Kuno" title="Romawi Kuno">Romawi Kuno</a></span> </div></th></tr><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Roman_SPQR_banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/150px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/225px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Roman_SPQR_banner.svg/300px-Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="229" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid">Artikel ini adalah bagian dari seri <br /><span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Romawi_Kuno" title="Politik Romawi Kuno">Politik dan Ketatanegaraan<br />Romawi Kuno</a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> Zaman</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Romawi" title="Kerajaan Romawi">Kerajaan Romawi</a></b><br />753–509 SM</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Republik_Romawi" title="Republik Romawi">Republik Romawi</a></b><br />509–27 SM</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a></b><br />27 SM – 395 M</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18261910">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principatus" title="Principatus">Principatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominatus" title="Dominatus">Dominatus</a></li></ul> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Barat" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Barat"><b>Wilayah Barat</b></a><br />395–476 M</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur"><b>Wilayah Timur</b></a><br />395–1453 M</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Lini_masa_sejarah_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lini masa sejarah Romawi">Lini Masa</a></b></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Romawi" title="Konstitusi Romawi"><span style="color:black">Konstitusi Romawi</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Kerajaan_Romawi" title="Konstitusi Kerajaan Romawi">Konstitusi Zaman Kerajaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_negara_Republik_Romawi" title="Tata negara Republik Romawi">Konstitusi Zaman Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tata_negara_Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Tata negara Kekaisaran Romawi">Konstitusi Zaman Kekaisaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_zaman_akhir_Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Konstitusi zaman akhir Kekaisaran Romawi">Konstitusi Akhir Zaman Kekaisaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senat_Romawi" title="Senat Romawi">Senatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidang-sidang_rakyat_Romawi" title="Sidang-sidang rakyat Romawi">Sidang Legislatif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magistratus" title="Magistratus">Magistratus Eksekutif</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembaga-lembaga_politik_Romawi_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembaga-lembaga politik Romawi Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color:black">Preseden dan Hukum</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hukum_Romawi" title="Hukum Romawi">Hukum Romawi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ius" title="Ius">Ius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imperium" title="Imperium">Imperium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mos_maiorum" title="Mos maiorum">Mos Maiorum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolegialitas" title="Kolegialitas">Kolegialitas</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Auctoritas" title="Auctoritas">Auctoritas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kewarganegaraan_Romawi" title="Kewarganegaraan Romawi">Kewarganegaraan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cursus_honorum" title="Cursus honorum">Cursus Honorum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senatus_consultum" title="Senatus consultum">Senatus Consultum</a></i></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senatus_consultum_ultimum" title="Senatus consultum ultimum">Senatus Consultum Ultimum</a></i></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> Sidang-Sidang Rakyat</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Comitia_centuriata" class="mw-redirect" title="Comitia centuriata">Comitia Centuriata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comitia_curiata" class="mw-redirect" title="Comitia curiata">Comitia Curiata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Concilium_plebis" class="mw-redirect" title="Concilium plebis">Concilium Plebis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comitia_populi_tributa" class="mw-redirect" title="Comitia populi tributa">Comitia Populi Tributa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> Magistratus</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Konsul_Romawi" title="Konsul Romawi">Consul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pretor" title="Pretor">Praetor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuestor" title="Kuestor">Quaestor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Promagistrat" title="Promagistrat">Promagistratus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aedilis" title="Aedilis">Aedilis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tribunus" title="Tribunus">Tribunus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sensor_(Romawi_Kuno)" title="Sensor (Romawi Kuno)">Censor</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gubernur_Romawi" title="Gubernur Romawi">Wali Negeri</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> Magistratus Luar Biasa</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Korektor" title="Korektor">Corrector</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diktator_Romawi" title="Diktator Romawi">Dictator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magister_equitum" title="Magister equitum">Magister Equitum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tribuni_militum_consulari_potestate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribuni militum consulari potestate">Tribunus Consularis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raja_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Roma">Rex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triumvirat" title="Triumvirat">Triumviri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desemviri" title="Desemviri">Decemviri</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading navbox-title" style="text-align:center; background:#e5d4a8;"> Gelar dan Pangkat</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar</a></i></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18261910"><div class="div-col" style="column-width:8em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Legatus" title="Legatus">Legatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dux" title="Dux">Dux</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Officium" title="Officium">Officium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praeses" title="Praeses">Praeses</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prefek" title="Prefek">Praefectus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vikarius" title="Vikarius">Vicarius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vigintisexviri" title="Vigintisexviri">Vigintisexviri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liktor" title="Liktor">Lictor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magister_militum" title="Magister militum">Magister Militum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imperator" title="Imperator">Imperator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Princeps_Senatus" title="Princeps Senatus">Princeps Senatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_Maximus" title="Pontifex Maximus">Pontifex Maximus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Caesar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tetrarki" title="Tetrarki">Tetrarches</a></i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid"> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Politik_menurut_negara" title="Kategori:Politik menurut negara">Negara lainnya</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_Romawi_Kuno" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas Romawi Kuno">Atlas</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="text-align:center;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Politik_Romawi_Kuno" title="Templat:Politik Romawi Kuno"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Politik_Romawi_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Politik Romawi Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Politik_Romawi_Kuno&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Caesar</b> (dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a>: <i>Caesar</i>) adalah <a href="/wiki/Gelar_kehormatan" title="Gelar kehormatan">gelar kehormatan</a> yang pertama kali digunakan oleh para <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">kaisar Romawi</a> dan menjadi salah satu gelar yang paling terkenal dalam sejarah dunia. Awalnya, "Caesar" merupakan nama keluarga dari <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Julius Caesar">Gaius Julius Caesar</a>, seorang <a href="/wiki/Jenderal" title="Jenderal">jenderal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politikus" title="Politikus">politikus</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Diktator_Romawi" title="Diktator Romawi">diktator Romawi</a> terkenal, tetapi kemudian gelar ini berkembang menjadi simbol kekuasaan di <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a> dan diteruskan oleh para penguasa setelahnya. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah_Penggunaan">Sejarah Penggunaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah Penggunaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah Penggunaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Penggunaan gelar <i>Caesar</i> dimulai dari <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Julius Caesar">Gaius Julius Caesar</a> (100 SM – 44 SM), seorang tokoh penting dalam transisi dari <a href="/wiki/Republik_Romawi" title="Republik Romawi">Republik Romawi</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a>. Setelah kematiannya, penerusnya, <a href="/wiki/Octavianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Octavianus">Octavianus</a>, yang kemudian dikenal sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus</a></i>, mengadopsi nama "<i>Caesar</i>" sebagai bagian dari gelar kekaisarannya, yang memberikan warisan dinasti kepada nama tersebut. </p><p>Para penerus <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, seperti <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius Caesar Augustus</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero Caesar Augustus</a>, melanjutkan tradisi penggunaan nama "<i>Caesar</i>" sebagai gelar yang menunjukkan kekuasaan mereka. Pada periode ini, "<i>Caesar</i>" mulai dianggap sebagai bagian dari gelar resmi bagi para kaisar, meskipun mereka tidak memiliki hubungan langsung dengan keluarga <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perkembangan_dalam_Kekaisaran_Romawi">Perkembangan dalam Kekaisaran Romawi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Perkembangan dalam Kekaisaran Romawi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perkembangan dalam Kekaisaran Romawi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selama <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a>, gelar "<i>Caesar</i>" berevolusi. Awalnya, gelar ini digunakan oleh kaisar utama, tetapi kemudian menjadi gelar yang diberikan kepada anggota keluarga kekaisaran yang dianggap sebagai <b>calon penerus</b> atau <b>kaisar junior</b>. Gelar yang lebih tinggi adalah <i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus</a></i>, yang digunakan oleh kaisar yang memerintah, sementara "<i>Caesar</i>" menjadi gelar resmi bagi para penerus yang ditunjuk. </p><p>Salah satu contoh terkenal adalah ketika <a href="/wiki/Diokletianus" title="Diokletianus">Diokletianus</a> membagi <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a> menjadi dua bagian, Timur dan Barat, di bawah sistem yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Tetrarki" title="Tetrarki">Tetrarki</a> pada akhir abad ke-3 Masehi. Dalam sistem ini, dua kaisar senior dengan gelar <i><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus</a></i> memerintah, sementara dua <i>Caesar</i> memerintah di bawah mereka dan dianggap sebagai penerus resmi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penggunaan_di_Kekaisaran_Bizantium">Penggunaan di Kekaisaran Bizantium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Penggunaan di Kekaisaran Bizantium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penggunaan di Kekaisaran Bizantium"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Setelah jatuhnya <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Barat" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Barat">Kekaisaran Romawi Barat</a> pada tahun 476 Masehi, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Kekaisaran Romawi Timur</a>, yang kemudian dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bizantium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Bizantium">Kekaisaran Bizantium</a>, tetap melanjutkan penggunaan gelar <i>Caesar</i>. Namun, di <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Bizantium</a>, gelar ini sering kali diberikan kepada anggota keluarga kaisar atau kepada jenderal yang sangat dihormati. </p><p>Pada masa <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bizantium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Bizantium">Kekaisaran Bizantium</a>, gelar "<i>Caesar</i>" mulai kehilangan kekuasaannya yang semula, dan menjadi semacam <a href="/wiki/Gelar_kehormatan" title="Gelar kehormatan">gelar kehormatan</a> bagi mereka yang berhubungan dengan keluarga kaisar, seperti saudara laki-laki atau menantu kaisar. Meskipun demikian, tetap ada beberapa individu yang diberi gelar "<i>Caesar</i>" sebagai tanda status tinggi dan kedekatan dengan tahta kekaisaran. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengaruh_di_Luar_Romawi">Pengaruh di Luar Romawi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Pengaruh di Luar Romawi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengaruh di Luar Romawi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dunia_Slavik">Dunia Slavik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Dunia Slavik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dunia Slavik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pengaruh gelar <i>Caesar</i> meluas jauh di luar <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a>. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Slavia">bahasa Slavia</a>, kata "<i>Caesar</i>" diadaptasi menjadi "<a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a>" (atau "<i>Czar</i>" dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Rusia" title="Bahasa Rusia">bahasa Rusia</a>), yang digunakan oleh para penguasa <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Rusia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bulgaria" title="Kekaisaran Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Serbia" title="Kekaisaran Serbia">Serbia</a> sebagai gelar kaisar. Penggunaan "<a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a>" di <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Rusia</a>, khususnya, dimulai pada abad ke-16 oleh <a href="/wiki/Ivan_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan IV">Ivan IV</a> (<i>Ivan yang Mengerikan</i>) yang mendeklarasikan dirinya sebagai <a href="/wiki/Tsar_Rusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsar Rusia">Tsar Rusia</a>, dan gelar ini terus digunakan hingga <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Rusia" title="Revolusi Rusia">Revolusi Rusia</a> pada tahun 1917. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kekaisaran_Jerman">Kekaisaran Jerman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Kekaisaran Jerman" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kekaisaran Jerman"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Barat" title="Dunia Barat">dunia Barat</a>, gelar <i>Caesar</i> diadaptasi menjadi <a href="/wiki/Kaiser" title="Kaiser">Kaiser</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">bahasa Jerman</a>, yang digunakan oleh para kaisar <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Suci" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Suci">Kekaisaran Romawi Suci</a> dan kemudian <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jerman" title="Kekaisaran Jerman">Kekaisaran Jerman</a> hingga berakhirnya <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a> pada tahun 1918. Istilah ini mencerminkan upaya <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Jerman" title="Kaisar Jerman">penguasa Jerman</a> untuk mengklaim legitimasi kekaisaran dengan meniru <a href="/wiki/Romawi_Kuno" title="Romawi Kuno">tradisi Romawi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simbolisme_dalam_Kekuasaan">Simbolisme dalam Kekuasaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Simbolisme dalam Kekuasaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Simbolisme dalam Kekuasaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selama berabad-abad, gelar <i>Caesar</i> telah menjadi simbol kekuasaan mutlak, sering kali dikaitkan dengan sosok yang berpengaruh, tegas, dan memiliki kendali penuh atas wilayah atau negara yang diperintah. <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar Romawi</a>, dengan gelar <i>Caesar</i>, sering kali dianggap sebagai pemimpin yang dipilih oleh para dewa atau ditakdirkan untuk memimpin. </p><p>Banyak penguasa di seluruh dunia menggunakan atau memodifikasi gelar ini untuk mengklaim warisan politik dan kekaisaran yang kuat. Dalam konteks modern, istilah "<i>Caesar</i>" juga digunakan dalam pengertian simbolis untuk menggambarkan pemimpin yang berkuasa absolut atau otoriter. </p><p>Penggunaan istilah "Caesar" sebagai gelar kekaisaran telah memengaruhi gelar kerajaan di berbagai bahasa: </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik">Bahasa Jermanik</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Denmark</a>: Kejser & Kejserinde;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a>: Keizer & Keizerin;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Kaiser" title="Kaiser">Kaiser</a></b> & Kaiserin;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Islandia" title="Bahasa Islandia">Islandia</a>: Keisari & Keisaraynja;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faroe" title="Bahasa Faroe">Faroe</a>: Keisari & Keisarinna;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Norwegia</a>: Keiser & Keiserinne;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Swedia</a>: Kejsare & Kejsarinna</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris_Kuno" title="Bahasa Inggris Kuno">Inggris Kuno</a>: cāsere</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Slavia">Bahasa Slavia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Baltik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Baltik">Baltik</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belarusia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Belarusia">Belarusia</a>: Цар & Царыца (Tsar & Tsarytsa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Bulgaria" title="Bahasa Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>: Цар & Царица (<b><a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a></b> & Tsaritsa);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Kroasia" title="Bahasa Kroasia">Kroasia</a>: Car & Carica (<i>c</i> dibaca <i>ts</i>);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ceko" title="Bahasa Ceko">Ceko</a>: Císař & Císařovna;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latvia" title="Bahasa Latvia">Latvia</a>: Ķeizars & Ķeizariene;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Makedonia" title="Bahasa Makedonia">Makedonia</a>: Кајсар & Кајсарица (Kajsar & Kajsarica <i>c</i> dibaca <i>ts</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Polandia" title="Bahasa Polandia">Polandia</a>: Cesarz & Cesarzowa;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Rusia" title="Bahasa Rusia">Rusia</a>: Царь & Царица, Czar & Czaritsa (transliterasi kuno), Tsar & Tsaritsa (transliterasi modern)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Serbia" title="Bahasa Serbia">Serbia</a>: Цар & Царица / Car & Carica (dilafalkan Tsar & Tsaritsa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slowak" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Slowak">Slowak</a>: Cisár & Cisárovná;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slovenia" title="Bahasa Slovenia">Slovenia</a>: Cesar & Cesarica;</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afro-Asiatik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Afro-Asiatik">Bahasa Afro-Asiatik</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: Qaysar قيصر</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a>: Keisár קיסר & Keisarít קיסרית;</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indo-Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Indo-Iran">Bahasa Indo-Iran</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">Persia</a>: Ghaysar قيصر</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>: Qaysar قيصر</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Georgia" title="Bahasa Georgia">Georgia</a>: კაიზერი (Keisari)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Turkik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Turkik">Bahasa Turkik</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa Turki">Turki</a>: Kayser (dulu), Sezar (modern).</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Uralik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Uralik">Bahasa Uralik</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Estonia" title="Bahasa Estonia">Estonia</a>: Keiser & Keisrinna;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Finlandia" title="Bahasa Finlandia">Finlandia</a>: Keisari & Keisarinna or Keisaritar;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hungaria" title="Bahasa Hungaria">Hungaria</a>: Császár & Császárnő;</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Austronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Austronesia">Austronesia</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>: Kaisar;</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Albania</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Albania</a>: Çezar & Qesarinë;</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Armenia" title="Bahasa Armenia">Armenia</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Armenia" title="Bahasa Armenia">Armenia</a>: կայսր <i>Kaysr</i>, dan կայսրություն <i>Kaysrutiun</i> berarti <i>kekaisaran</i>;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat Juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat Juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus (gelar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar Romawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser" title="Kaiser">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrarki" title="Tetrarki">Tetrarki</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <ul><li>Southern, Pat (2001). The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine. Routledge.</li> <li>Scarre, Chris (1995). Chronicle of the Roman Emperors: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial Rome. Thames & Hudson.</li> <li>Jones, A.H.M. (1964). The Later Roman Empire 284–602. Blackwell Publishers.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Bibliografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caesar_(gelar)&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bibliografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pauly-Wissowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pauly-Wissowa (halaman belum tersedia)">Pauly-Wissowa</a> – <i>Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft</i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Topik_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Topik Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Topik_Romawi_kuno&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topik_Romawi_Kuno" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topik <a href="/wiki/Romawi_Kuno" title="Romawi Kuno">Romawi Kuno</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_besar_Romawi_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis besar Romawi Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Garis besar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lini_masa_Romawi_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lini masa Romawi Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Lini masa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Roma" title="Sejarah Roma">Masa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendirian_Roma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendirian Roma (halaman belum tersedia)">Pendirian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Romawi" title="Kerajaan Romawi">Kerajaan</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Penggulingan_monarki_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penggulingan monarki Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Penggulingan</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Romawi" title="Republik Romawi">Republik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">(<i><a href="/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana">Pax Romana</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principatus" title="Principatus">Principatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominatus" title="Dominatus">Dominatus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Barat" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Barat">Kekaisaran Barat</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejatuhan_Kekaisaran_Romawi_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kejatuhan Kekaisaran Romawi Barat (halaman belum tersedia)">kejatuhan</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Kekaisaran Timur (Bizantium)</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemunduran_Kekaisaran_Bizantium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kemunduran Kekaisaran Bizantium (halaman belum tersedia)">kemunduran</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejatuhan_Konstantinopel" title="Kejatuhan Konstantinopel">kejatuhan</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Romawi" title="Konstitusi Romawi">Konstitusi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Konstitusi_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Konstitusi Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Kerajaan_Romawi" title="Konstitusi Kerajaan Romawi">Kerajaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Republik_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstitusi Republik Romawi">Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Kekaisaran_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstitusi Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstitusi_Kekaisaran_Romawi_Akhir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstitusi Kekaisaran Romawi Akhir (halaman belum tersedia)">Kekaisaran Akhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senat_Romawi" title="Senat Romawi">Senat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Romawi" title="Majelis Romawi">Majelis legislatif</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Curiate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Curiate (halaman belum tersedia)">Curiate</a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Senturi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Senturi (halaman belum tersedia)">Senturi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Tributa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Tributa (halaman belum tersedia)">Tributa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dewan_Plebeia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dewan Plebeia (halaman belum tersedia)">Plebeia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magistratus" title="Magistratus">Magistratus eksekutif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPQR" title="SPQR">SPQR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembaga_politik_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembaga politik Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curia (halaman belum tersedia)">Curia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forum_(Romawi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forum (Romawi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursus_honorum" title="Cursus honorum">Cursus honorum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolegalitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolegalitas (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolegalitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Romawi" title="Kaisar Romawi">Kaisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legatus" title="Legatus">Legatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dux" title="Dux">Dux</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Officium_(Romawi_kuno)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Officium (Romawi kuno) (halaman belum tersedia)">Officium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefek" title="Prefek">Praefektus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vicarius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vicarius (halaman belum tersedia)">Vicarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigintisexviri" title="Vigintisexviri">Vigintisexviri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liktor" title="Liktor">Liktor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magister_militum" title="Magister militum">Magister militum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperator" title="Imperator">Imperator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeps_senatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeps senatus">Princeps senatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_Maximus" title="Pontifex Maximus">Pontifex Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_(gelar)" title="Augustus (gelar)">Augustus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrarki" title="Tetrarki">Tetrarki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optimates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optimates (halaman belum tersedia)">Optimates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Populares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Populares (halaman belum tersedia)">Populares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinsi Romawi">Provinsi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Magistratus" title="Magistratus">Magistratus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Biasa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribunus" title="Tribunus">Tribunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaestor" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaestor">Quaestor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aedile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aedile (halaman belum tersedia)">Aedile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretor" title="Pretor">Pretor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsul_Romawi" title="Konsul Romawi">Konsul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensor_(Romawi_Kuno)" title="Sensor (Romawi Kuno)">Sensor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Promagistratus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Promagistratus (halaman belum tersedia)">Promagistratus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gubernur_Romawi" title="Gubernur Romawi">Gubernur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Luar biasa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diktator_Romawi" title="Diktator Romawi">Diktator</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_of_the_Horse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Master of the Horse (halaman belum tersedia)">Magister Equitum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desemviri" title="Desemviri">Desemviri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribuni_militum_consulari_potestate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribuni militum consulari potestate">Tribun Konsuler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triumvirate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triumvirate (halaman belum tersedia)">Triumvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Roma">Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interrex" title="Interrex">Interrex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hukum_Romawi" title="Hukum Romawi">Hukum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dua_Belas_Prasasti" title="Dua Belas Prasasti">Dua Belas Papan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mos_maiorum" title="Mos maiorum">Mos maiorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kewarganegaraan_Romawi" title="Kewarganegaraan Romawi">Kewarganegaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auktoritas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auktoritas (halaman belum tersedia)">Auktoritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperium" title="Imperium">Imperium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Status_dalam_sistem_hukum_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Status dalam sistem hukum Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Status</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Litigasi_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litigasi Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Litigasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_militer_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah militer Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Militer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_Kekaisaran_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas Kekaisaran Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Batas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendirian_militer_Republik_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendirian militer Republik Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pendirian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_struktural_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah struktural militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Struktur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_kampanye_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah kampanye militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kampanye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_politik_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah politik militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kontrol politik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategi_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategi militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Strategi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kubu_dan_perbatasan_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kubu dan perbatasan militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kubu dan perbatasan</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Castra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castra (halaman belum tersedia)">castra</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_teknologi_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah teknologi militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_darat_Romawi" title="Angkatan darat Romawi">Angkatan darat</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Legiun_Romawi" title="Legiun Romawi">Legiun</a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taktik_infanteri_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taktik infanteri Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Taktik infanteri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peralatan_pribadi_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peralatan pribadi militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Peralatan pribadi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_pengepungan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik pengepungan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik pengepungan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkatan_laut_Romawi" title="Angkatan laut Romawi">Angkatan laut</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/Angkatan_laut_Romawi#Armada" title="Angkatan laut Romawi">Armada</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auksilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auksilia (halaman belum tersedia)">Auksiliari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukuman_dan_tanda_jasa_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukuman dan tanda jasa militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Hukuman dan tanda jasa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hippika_gymnasia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hippika gymnasia (halaman belum tersedia)">Hippika gymnasia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_Romawi" title="Ekonomi Romawi">Ekonomi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertanian_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertanian Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pertanian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deforestasi_pada_masa_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deforestasi pada masa Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Deforestasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perdagangan_Romawi" title="Perdagangan Romawi">Perdagangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keuangan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keuangan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Keuangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mata_uang_Romawi" title="Mata uang Romawi">Mata uang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mata_uang_Republik_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mata uang Republik Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Mata uang Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mata_uang_Kekaisaran_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mata uang Kekaisaran Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Mata uang Kekaisaran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Teknologi_Romawi" title="Teknologi Romawi">Teknologi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sempoa_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sempoa Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Sempoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Romawi" title="Angka Romawi">Angka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik Sipil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknik_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknik militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik militer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_teknologi_militer_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah teknologi militer Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknologi militer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akuaduk_Romawi" title="Akuaduk Romawi">Akuaduk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jembatan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jembatan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Jembatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sirkus_(bangunan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sirkus (bangunan) (halaman belum tersedia)">Sirkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beton_Romawi" title="Beton Romawi">Beton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forum_(Romawi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forum (Romawi) (halaman belum tersedia)">Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metalurgi_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metalurgi Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Metalurgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalan_Romawi" title="Jalan Romawi">Jalan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanitasi_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanitasi di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Sanitasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermae" title="Thermae">Thermae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Romawi_kuno" title="Kebudayaan Romawi kuno">Budaya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arsitektur_Romawi_Kuno" title="Arsitektur Romawi Kuno">Arsitektur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_Romawi" title="Seni Romawi">Seni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemandian_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemandian Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Pemandian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalender_Romawi" title="Kalender Romawi">Kalender</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakaian_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakaian di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Pakaian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmetik_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmetik di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Kosmetik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masakan_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masakan Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Masakan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaya_rambut_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaya rambut Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Gaya rambut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendidikan di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sastra_Latin" title="Sastra Latin">Sastra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musik_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musik Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Musik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Romawi" title="Mitologi Romawi">Mitologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Romawi_kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama di Romawi kuno">Agama</a> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_dewa-dewi_Romawi" title="Daftar dewa-dewi Romawi">dewa-dewi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanisasi_(budaya)" title="Romanisasi (budaya)">Romanisasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seksualitas_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seksualitas di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Seksualitas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teater_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teater Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Teater</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romawi_kuno_dan_anggur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romawi kuno dan anggur (halaman belum tersedia)">Anggur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kelas_sosial_di_Romawi_kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelas sosial di Romawi kuno">Masyarakat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricius" title="Patricius">Patricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plebs" title="Plebs">Plebs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konflik_Tatanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konflik Tatanan (halaman belum tersedia)">Konflik Tatanan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secessio_plebis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secessio plebis (halaman belum tersedia)">Secessio plebis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordo_ekuestrian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordo ekuestrian (halaman belum tersedia)">Ordo ekuestrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gens" title="Gens">Gens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Tributa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Tributa (halaman belum tersedia)">Tributa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konvensi_penamaan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konvensi penamaan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Konvensi penamaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanita_di_Romawi_kuno" title="Wanita di Romawi kuno">Wanita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pernikahan_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pernikahan di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Pernikahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adopsi_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adopsi di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Adopsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perbudakan_di_Romawi_kuno" title="Perbudakan di Romawi kuno">Perbudakan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagaudae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagaudae (halaman belum tersedia)">Bagaudae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin" class="mw-disambig" title="Latin">Bahasa <span style="font-weight:normal;">(Latin)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_bahasa_Latin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah bahasa Latin (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Latin">Aksara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Bentuk_bahasa_Latin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Bentuk bahasa Latin (halaman belum tersedia)">Versi</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Kuno</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Klasik" title="Bahasa Latin Klasik">Klasik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Vulgar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Latin Vulgar">Vulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Akhir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Latin Akhir">Akhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Pertengahan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Latin Pertengahan">Pertengahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin_Renaisans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin Renaisans (halaman belum tersedia)">Renaisans</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Baru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin_Kontemporer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin Kontemporer (halaman belum tersedia)">Kontemporer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Latin_Eklesiastikal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Latin Eklesiastikal (halaman belum tersedia)">Eklesiastikal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Roman" title="Rumpun bahasa Roman">Bahasa Roman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sastra_Latin" title="Sastra Latin">Penulis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apuleius" title="Apuleius">Apuleius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Caesar">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catullus" title="Catullus">Catullus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennius" title="Ennius">Ennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace">Horace</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juvenal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juvenal (halaman belum tersedia)">Juvenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livy" class="mw-redirect" title="Livy">Livy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucan">Lucan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretius" title="Lucretius">Lucretius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial">Martial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovid">Ovid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petronius" title="Petronius">Petronius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plautus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plautus (halaman belum tersedia)">Plautus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plinius_yang_Tua" class="mw-redirect" title="Plinius yang Tua">Plinius yang Tua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plinius_yang_Muda" class="mw-redirect" title="Plinius yang Muda">Plinius yang Muda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Propertius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propertius (halaman belum tersedia)">Propertius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintilian" class="mw-redirect" title="Quintilian">Quintilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Curtius_Rufus" title="Quintus Curtius Rufus">Quintus Curtius Rufus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sallust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sallust (halaman belum tersedia)">Sallust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_Muda" title="Seneca Muda">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statius" title="Statius">Statius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacitus" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terence (halaman belum tersedia)">Terence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tibullus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tibullus (halaman belum tersedia)">Tibullus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Terentius_Varro" title="Marcus Terentius Varro">Marcus Terentius Varro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgil">Virgil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kota besar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandria" title="Aleksandria">Aleksandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiokhia" title="Antiokhia">Antiokhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquileia" title="Aquileia">Aquileia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bononia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qart_Hadast" class="mw-redirect" title="Qart Hadast">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinopel" title="Konstantinopel">Konstantinopel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leptis_Magna" title="Leptis Magna">Leptis Magna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londinium" title="Londinium">Londinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediolanum" title="Mediolanum">Mediolanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smirna" title="Smirna">Smirna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Daftar_terkait_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Daftar terkait Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Daftar</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">dan topik<br />lain</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_perang_melibatkan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar perang melibatkan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Perang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_pertempuran_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar pertempuran Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pertempuran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_jenderal_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar jenderal Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenderal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_legiun_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar legiun Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Legiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kaisar_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar kaisar Romawi">Kaisar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembaga_politik_di_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembaga politik di Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Lembaga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_hukum_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar hukum Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_konsul_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar konsul Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_tribun_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar tribun Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Tribun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_wanita_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar wanita Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Wanita terkenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_nomina_Romawi" title="Daftar nomina Romawi">Nomina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_bangsawan_Romawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar bangsawan Romawi (halaman belum tersedia)">Bangsawan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iklim_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iklim Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Iklim</a></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiksi_berlatar_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiksi berlatar Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Fiksi</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_film_berlatar_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar film berlatar Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Film</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_permainan_video_Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar permainan video Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Permainan video berlatar Romawi kuno</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Romawi_kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Romawi kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18342415">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span 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