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Lace</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delicacy_and_Strength_of_Lace-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-1990s-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle 1990s subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Almanac_of_the_Dead" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Almanac_of_the_Dead"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span><i>Almanac of the Dead</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Almanac_of_the_Dead-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sacred_Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sacred_Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span><i>Sacred Water</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sacred_Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yellow_Woman_and_a_Beauty_of_the_Spirit:_Essays_on_Native_American_Life_Today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yellow_Woman_and_a_Beauty_of_the_Spirit:_Essays_on_Native_American_Life_Today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yellow_Woman_and_a_Beauty_of_the_Spirit:_Essays_on_Native_American_Life_Today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span><i>Rain</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gardens_In_The_Dunes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gardens_In_The_Dunes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span><i>Gardens In The Dunes</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gardens_In_The_Dunes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>2000s</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-2000s-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle 2000s subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Turquoise_Ledge:_A_Memoir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Turquoise_Ledge:_A_Memoir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span><i>The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Turquoise_Ledge:_A_Memoir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Essays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Essays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Essays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Essays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Personal life</span> 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leslie Marmon Silko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88" title="ليزلي مارمون سيلكو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليزلي مارمون سيلكو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88" title="لزلی مارمون سیلکو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لزلی مارمون سیلکو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" title="Leslie Marmon Silko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Leslie Marmon Silko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" title="Leslie Marmon Silko – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leslie Marmon Silko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88" title="لزلی مارمون سیلکو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لزلی مارمون سیلکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" title="Leslie Marmon Silko – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leslie Marmon Silko" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" title="Leslie Marmon Silko – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Leslie Marmon Silko" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="ლესლი მარმონ სილკო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლესლი მარმონ სილკო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" title="Leslie Marmon Silko – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Leslie Marmon Silko" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88" title="ليزلى مارمون سيلكو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليزلى مارمون سيلكو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%82%A6" title="レスリー・マーモン・シルコウ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レスリー・マーモン・シルコウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Силко, Лесли Мармон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Силко, Лесли Мармон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q273001#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Leslie Marmon Silko</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Headliner_Leslie_Marmon_Silko_at_the_banquet_reading_(6233509362)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Silko at a 2011 reading"><img alt="Silko at a 2011 reading" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Headliner_Leslie_Marmon_Silko_at_the_banquet_reading_%286233509362%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Headliner_Leslie_Marmon_Silko_at_the_banquet_reading_%286233509362%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Headliner_Leslie_Marmon_Silko_at_the_banquet_reading_%286233509362%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="228" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Silko at a 2011 reading</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Leslie Marmon<br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1948-03-05</span>) </span>March 5, 1948<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 76)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuquerque">Albuquerque</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Writer</li> <li>educator</li> <li>film maker</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Mexico" title="University of New Mexico">University of New Mexico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Fiction</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Renaissance" title="Native American Renaissance">Native American Renaissance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable work</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Ceremony_(Silko_novel)" title="Ceremony (Silko novel)">Ceremony</a></i> (1977) <p><i><a href="/wiki/Storyteller_(Silko_book)" title="Storyteller (Silko book)">Storyteller</a></i> (1981) </p> <i><a href="/wiki/Almanac_of_the_Dead" title="Almanac of the Dead">Almanac of the Dead</a></i> (1991)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Leslie Marmon Silko</b> (born <b>Leslie Marmon</b>; born March 5, 1948) is an American writer. A woman of <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Pueblo" title="Laguna Pueblo">Laguna Pueblo</a> descent, she is one of the key figures in the First Wave of what literary critic Kenneth Lincoln has called the <a href="/wiki/Native_American_Renaissance" title="Native American Renaissance">Native American Renaissance</a>. </p><p>Silko was a debut recipient of the <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows_Program" title="MacArthur Fellows Program">MacArthur Foundation Grant</a> in 1981. the <a href="/wiki/Native_Writers%27_Circle_of_the_Americas" title="Native Writers' Circle of the Americas">Native Writers' Circle of the Americas</a> Lifetime Achievement Award in 1994<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Robert Kirsch Award in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She currently resides in <a href="/wiki/Tucson" class="mw-redirect" title="Tucson">Tucson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22">"Leslie Marmon Silko"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Leslie Marmon Silko was born in <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuquerque">Albuquerque</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lee_Marmon" title="Lee Marmon">Leland Howard Marmon</a>, a noted photographer, and Mary Virginia Leslie, a teacher, and grew up on the <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Pueblo" title="Laguna Pueblo">Laguna Pueblo</a> reservation.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her mixed-race family was of white American, Native American, and Mexican descent. She claims that her paternal grandmother, who was born in <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, had a father whose family was "part Plains Indian" but that her grandmother "never knew" which tribe she was descended from, and that her grandmother's father was "half German" with an "Indian" mother. She claims that her maternal grandmother was <a href="/wiki/Part_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Part Cherokee">part Cherokee</a> "through her Grandfather Wood" who was from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Silko grew up on the edge of Laguna Pueblo society both literally – her family's house was at the edge of the Laguna Pueblo reservation – but was not able to participate in some of the rituals because of the distance of their home.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father's Laguna <a href="/wiki/Blood_quantum_laws" title="Blood quantum laws">blood quantum</a> was one-quarter and hers is one-eighth; the Laguna Pueblo blood quantum requirement for regular membership is one-quarter. She is not an enrolled citizen of the Laguna Pueblo.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Calling herself a "mixed-breed", she had said that a sense of community is more important to Native identity than blood quantum: "That's where a person's identity has to come from, not from racial blood quantum levels."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has described her Marmon family history as "very controversial, even now." She is of Laguna descent through her great-grandfather, a Laguna woman named Maria Anaya/Analla, who was married to a white settler named Robert Gunn Marmon. According to Silko, the core theme of her writing is an attempt to make sense of what it means to be "neither white nor fully traditionally Indian." She identifies culturally as a Laguna woman, but does not claim to be representative of Native voices.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While her parents worked, Silko and her two sisters were cared for by their grandmother, Lillie Stagner, and great-grandmother, Helen Romero, both story-tellers.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Silko learned much of the <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">traditional stories</a> of the Laguna people from her grandmother, whom she called A'mooh, her aunt Susie, and her grandfather Hank during her early years. As a result, Silko has always identified most strongly with her Laguna heritage, stating in an interview with Alan Velie, "I am of mixed-breed ancestry, but what I know is Laguna".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Silko's education included preschool through the fifth grade at Laguna BIA (Bureau of Indian Affairs) School and followed by a Catholic school, the latter meant a day's drive by her father of 100 miles to avoid the boarding-school experience. <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Silko went on to receive a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a> in English Literature from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Mexico" title="University of New Mexico">University of New Mexico</a> in 1969; she briefly attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Mexico" title="University of New Mexico">University of New Mexico</a> <a href="/wiki/Law_school" title="Law school">law school</a> before pursuing her literary career full-time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_literary_work">Early literary work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early literary work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Silko garnered early literary acclaim for her <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short story</a> "The Man to Send Rain Clouds," which was awarded a <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">National Endowment for the Humanities</a> Discovery Grant. The story continues to be included in anthologies. </p><p>During the years 1968 to 1974, Silko wrote and published many short stories and <a href="/wiki/Poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Poem">poems</a> that were featured in her <i>Laguna Woman</i> (1974). </p><p>Her other publications, include: <i>Laguna Woman</i>: <i>Poems</i> (1974), <i><a href="/wiki/Ceremony_(Silko_novel)" title="Ceremony (Silko novel)">Ceremony</a></i> (1977), <i>Storyteller</i> (1981), and, with the poet <a href="/wiki/James_Wright_(poet)" title="James Wright (poet)">James A. Wright</a>, <i>With the Delicacy and Strength of Lace: Letters Between Leslie Marmon Silko and James Wright</i> (1985). <i>Almanac of the Dead</i>, a novel, appeared in 1991, and a collection of essays, <i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today</i>, was published in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1998_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Silko wrote a screenplay based on the comic book <i><a href="/wiki/Honkytonk_Sue" title="Honkytonk Sue">Honkytonk Sue</a></i>, in collaboration with novelist <a href="/wiki/Larry_McMurtry" title="Larry McMurtry">Larry McMurtry</a>, which has not been produced.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_relevance_and_themes">Literary relevance and themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Literary relevance and themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout her career as a writer and teacher, she has remained grounded in the history-filled landscape of the <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Pueblo" title="Laguna Pueblo">Laguna Pueblo</a>. Her experiences in the culture have fueled an interest to preserve cultural traditions and understand the impact of the past on contemporary life. A well-known novelist and poet, Silko's career has been characterized by making people aware of ingrained racism and white cultural imperialism, and a commitment to support women's issues.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her novels have many characters who attempt what some perceive a simple yet uneasy return to balance Native American traditions survivalism with the violence of modern America. The clash of civilizations is a continuing theme in the modern Southwest and of the difficult search for balance that the region's inhabitants encounter.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1998_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her literary contributions are particularly important<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because they open up the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-European&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anglo-European (page does not exist)">Anglo-European</a> prevailing definitions of the American literary tradition to accommodate the often underrepresented traditions, priorities, and ideas about identity that in a general way characterize many <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> cultures and in a more specific way form the bedrock of Silko's Laguna heritage and experience. </p><p>During an interview in Germany in 1995, Silko shared the significance of her writings as a continuation of an existing oral tradition within the Laguna people. She specified that her works are not re-interpretations of old legends, but carry the same important messages as when they were told hundreds of years ago. Silko explains that the Laguna view on the passage of time is responsible for this condition, stating, “The Pueblo people and the indigenous people of the Americas see time as round, not as a long linear string. If time is round, if time is an ocean, then something that happened 500 years ago may be quite immediate and real, whereas something inconsequential that happened an hour ago could be far away.”<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ceremony"><i>Ceremony</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ceremony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ceremony_(Silko_novel)" title="Ceremony (Silko novel)">Ceremony (Silko novel)</a></div> <p>Leslie Marmon Silko's <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a> <i>Ceremony</i> was first published by <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin</a> in March 1977 to much critical acclaim. </p><p>The novel tells the story of Tayo, a wounded returning <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">veteran</a> of mixed Laguna-white ancestry following a short stint at a Los Angeles VA hospital. He is returning to the poverty-stricken Laguna reservation, continuing to suffer from "battle fatigue" (<a href="/wiki/Shell-shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell-shock">shell-shock</a>), and is haunted by memories of his cousin Rocky who died in the conflict during the <a href="/wiki/Bataan_Death_March" title="Bataan Death March">Bataan Death March</a> of 1942. His initial escape from pain leads him to <a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">alcoholism</a>, but his Old Grandma and mixed-blood <a href="/wiki/Navajo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Navajo people">Navajo</a> <a href="/wiki/Medicine-man" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicine-man">medicine-man</a> Betonie help him through Native ceremonies to develop a greater understanding of the world and his place as a Laguna man. </p><p><i>Ceremony</i> has been called a <a href="/wiki/Grail_Quest" class="mw-redirect" title="Grail Quest">Grail</a> fiction, wherein the hero overcomes a series of challenges to reach a specified goal; but this point of view has been criticized as Eurocentric, since it involves a Native American contextualizing backdrop, and not one based on European-American myths. Silko's writing skill in the novel is deeply rooted in the use of storytelling that pass on traditions and understanding from the old to the new. Fellow Pueblo poet <a href="/wiki/Paula_Gunn_Allen" title="Paula Gunn Allen">Paula Gunn Allen</a> criticized the book on this account, saying that Silko was divulging secret tribal knowledge reserved for the tribe, not outsiders.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Ceremony</i> gained immediate and long-term acceptance when returning <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> veterans took to the novel's theme of coping, healing and reconciliation between races and people that share the trauma of military actions. It was largely on the strength of this work that critic Alan Velie named Silko one of his <i>Four Native American Literary Masters</i>, along with <a href="/wiki/N._Scott_Momaday" title="N. Scott Momaday">N. Scott Momaday</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Vizenor" title="Gerald Vizenor">Gerald Vizenor</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Welch_(poet)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Welch (poet)">James Welch</a>. </p><p><i>Ceremony</i> remains a literary work featured on college and university <a href="/wiki/Syllabus" title="Syllabus">syllabi</a>, and one of the few individual works by any author of Native American heritage to have received book-length critical inquiry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1980s">1980s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storyteller"><i>Storyteller</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Storyteller"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, Silko released <i><a href="/wiki/Storyteller_(Silko_book)" title="Storyteller (Silko book)">Storyteller</a></i>, a collection of poems and short stories that incorporated creative writing, mythology, and autobiography, which garnered favorable reception as it followed in much the same poetic form as the novel <a href="/wiki/Ceremony_(Silko_novel)" title="Ceremony (Silko novel)">Ceremony</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Delicacy_and_Strength_of_Lace"><i>Delicacy and Strength of Lace</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Delicacy and Strength of Lace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1986, <i>Delicacy and Strength of Lace</i> was released. The book is a collected volume of correspondence between Silko and her friend <a href="/wiki/James_Wright_(poet)" title="James Wright (poet)">James Wright</a> whom she met following the publication of <i>Ceremony</i>. The work was edited by Wright's wife, Ann Wright, and released after Wright's death in March 1980. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1990s">1990s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Almanac_of_the_Dead"><i>Almanac of the Dead</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Almanac of the Dead"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The novel <i><a href="/wiki/Almanac_of_the_Dead" title="Almanac of the Dead">Almanac of the Dead</a></i> was published in 1991. This work took Silko ten years to complete and received mixed reviews. The vision of the book stretches over both American continents and includes the <a href="/wiki/Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation" title="Zapatista Army of National Liberation">Zapatista Army of National Liberation</a> revolutionaries, based in the southern Mexican state of <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>, as just one group among a pantheon of characters. The theme of the novel, like that of <i>Ceremony</i>, focuses on the conflict between Anglo-Americans and Native Americans. </p><p>Several literary critics have been critical of the novel's depiction of <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a>, based on the fact that the novel features male gay and bisexual characters who are variously abusive, sadistic, and cruel.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Almanac of the Dead</i> has not achieved the same mainstream success as its predecessor. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sacred_Water"><i>Sacred Water</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sacred Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 1993, Silko published a limited run of <i>Sacred Water</i> under Flood Plain Press, a self-printing venture by Silko. Each copy of <i>Sacred Water</i> is handmade by Silko using her personal typewriter combining written text set next to poignant photographs taken by the author. </p><p><i>Sacred Water</i> is composed of autobiographical prose, poetry and pueblo mythology focusing on the importance and centrality of water to life. </p><p>Silko issued a second printing of <i>Sacred Water</i> in 1994 in order to make the work more accessible to students and academics although it was limited. This edition used printing methods suited for a greater production distribution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yellow_Woman_and_a_Beauty_of_the_Spirit:_Essays_on_Native_American_Life_Today"><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today</i> was published by Simon & Schuster in March 1997. </p><p>The work is a collection of essays on various topics; including an autobiographical essay of her childhood at <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Pueblo" title="Laguna Pueblo">Laguna Pueblo</a> and the racism she faced as a mixed blood person; stark criticism directed at President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> regarding his immigration policies; and praise for the development of and lamentation for the loss of the <a href="/wiki/Aztec" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec">Aztec</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Maya</a> codices, along with commentary on Pueblo mythology. </p><p>As one reviewer notes, Silko's essays "encompass traditional storytelling, discussions of the power of words to the Pueblo, reminiscences on photography, frightening tales of the U.S. border patrol, historical explanations of the Mayan codices, and socio-political commentary on the relationship of the U.S. government to various nations, including the Pueblo".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The essay "Yellow Woman" concerns a young woman who becomes romantically and emotionally involved with her kidnapper, despite having a husband and children. The story is related to the traditional <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Laguna" class="extiw" title="wikt:Laguna">Laguna</a> legend/myth of the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow Woman">Yellow Woman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rain"><i>Rain</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Rain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1997, Silko ran a limited number of handmade books through Flood Plain Press. Like <i>Sacred Water</i>, <i>Rain</i> was again a combination of short autobiographical prose and poetry inset with her photographs. </p><p>The short volume focused on the importance of rain to personal and spiritual survival in the Southwest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gardens_In_The_Dunes"><i>Gardens In The Dunes</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gardens In The Dunes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Gardens in the Dunes</i> was published in 1999. The work weaves together themes of feminism, slavery, conquest and botany, while following the story of a young girl named Indigo from the fictional "Sand Lizard People" in the Arizona Territory and her European travels as a summer companion to an affluent White woman named Hattie. </p><p>The story is set against the back drop of the enforcement of <a href="/wiki/Indian_boarding_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian boarding school">Indian boarding schools</a>, the California <a href="/wiki/Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Rush">Gold Rush</a> and the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Dance" title="Ghost Dance">Ghost Dance</a> Religion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2000s">2000s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Turquoise_Ledge:_A_Memoir"><i>The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010, Silko released <i>The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir</i>. Written using distinctive prose and overall structure influenced by Native American storytelling traditions, the book is a broad-ranging exploration not only of her Laguna Pueblo, Cherokee, Mexican and European family history but also of the natural world, suffering, insight, environmentalism and the sacred. The desert southwest setting is prominent. Although non-fiction, the stylized presentation is reminiscent of creative fiction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Essays">Essays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Essays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A longtime commentator on Native American affairs, Silko has published many non-fictional articles on Native American affairs and literature. </p><p>Silko's two most famous essays are outspoken attacks on fellow writers. In "An Old-Fashioned Indian Attack in Two Parts", first published in Geary Hobson's collection <i>The Remembered Earth</i> (1978), Silko accused <a href="/wiki/Gary_Snyder" title="Gary Snyder">Gary Snyder</a> of profiting from Native American culture, particularly in his collection <i><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Island_(poetry_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turtle Island (poetry book)">Turtle Island</a></i>, the name and theme of which was taken from <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Pueblo peoples">Pueblo</a> mythology. </p><p>In 1986, Silko published a review entitled "Here's an Odd Artifact for the Fairy-Tale Shelf", on <a href="/wiki/Anishinaabe" title="Anishinaabe">Anishinaabe</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Louise_Erdrich" title="Louise Erdrich">Louise Erdrich</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beet_Queen" class="mw-redirect" title="The Beet Queen">The Beet Queen</a>.</i> Silko claimed Erdrich had abandoned writing about the Native American struggle for <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> in exchange for writing "self-referential", <a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">postmodern</a> fiction. </p><p>In 2012, the textbook, <i>Rethinking Columbus,</i> which includes an essay by her, was banned by the <a href="/wiki/Tucson_Unified_School_District" title="Tucson Unified School District">Tucson Unified School District</a> following a statewide ban on Ethnic and Cultural Studies.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1965, she married <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_C._Chapman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard C. Chapman (page does not exist)">Richard C. Chapman</a>, and together, they had a son, Robert Chapman, before divorcing in 1969.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1971, she and John Silko were married. They had a son, Casimir Silko.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This marriage also ended in divorce.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novels">Novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ceremony_(Silko_novel)" title="Ceremony (Silko novel)"><i>Ceremony</i></a>. 1977.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ceremony&rft.date=1977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span> / <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>reprint</i>. San Val, Incorporated. 1986. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-613-03297-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-613-03297-1"><bdi>978-0-613-03297-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=reprint&rft.pub=San+Val%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-613-03297-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Almanac_of_the_Dead" title="Almanac of the Dead"><i>Almanac of the Dead</i></a>. 1991.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Almanac+of+the+Dead&rft.date=1991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span> / <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/almanacofdead00lesl"><i>reprint</i></a></span>. Penguin. 1991. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0140173192" title="Special:BookSources/978-0140173192"><bdi>978-0140173192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=reprint&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0140173192&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falmanacofdead00lesl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gardens_in_the_Dunes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardens in the Dunes"><i>Gardens in the Dunes</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. 2000. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86332-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86332-0"><bdi>978-0-684-86332-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gardens+in+the+Dunes&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-684-86332-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetry_and_short_story_collections">Poetry and short story collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Poetry and short story collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Laguna Women: Poems</i> (1974)</li> <li><i>Western Stories</i> (1980)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Storyteller_(Silko_book)" title="Storyteller (Silko book)"><i>Storyteller</i></a>. Henry Holt & Company. 1981. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-0192-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-0192-1"><bdi>978-0-8050-0192-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storyteller&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+%26+Company&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-8050-0192-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Sacred Water: Narratives and Pictures</i>. Flood Plain Press. 1994. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9636554-0-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9636554-0-0"><bdi>978-0-9636554-0-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sacred+Water%3A+Narratives+and+Pictures&rft.pub=Flood+Plain+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-9636554-0-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Rain</i> (1996)</li> <li><i>Love poem and Slim Canyon</i> (1996)</li> <li><i>Oceanstory</i> (2011) Published as a Kindle Single and available for digital download on Amazon.com</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_works">Other works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Other works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir</i> (2010)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllen_L._Arnold2000" class="citation book cs1">Ellen L. Arnold, ed. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DAJV925bmJoC&q=Leslie+Marmon+Silko"><i>Conversations with Leslie Marmon Silko</i></a>. University Press of Mississippi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57806-301-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57806-301-7"><bdi>978-1-57806-301-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversations+with+Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-57806-301-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDAJV925bmJoC%26q%3DLeslie%2BMarmon%2BSilko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yellowwomanandbe00silk"><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today</i></a></span>. Simon and Schuster. 1997. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-82707-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-82707-0"><bdi>978-0-684-82707-0</bdi></a>. <q>Leslie Marmon Silko.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yellow+Woman+and+a+Beauty+of+the+Spirit%3A+Essays+on+Native+American+Life+Today&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-684-82707-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyellowwomanandbe00silk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelody_Graulich1993" class="citation book cs1">Melody Graulich, ed. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_lHxG0PWiJ8C&q=INDIAN+SONG:SURVIVAL&pg=PA161"><i>Yellow woman</i></a>. Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-2005-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-2005-6"><bdi>978-0-8135-2005-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yellow+woman&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8135-2005-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_lHxG0PWiJ8C%26q%3DINDIAN%2BSONG%3ASURVIVAL%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Delicacy And Strength of Lace Letters</i> (1986)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/25294769">"Indian Song: Survival"</a>, <i>Chicago Review</i>, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Spring, 1973), pp. 94–96</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quill_and_ink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/28px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/42px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/56px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poetry" title="Portal:Poetry">Poetry portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writers_from_peoples_Indigenous_to_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of writers from peoples Indigenous to the Americas">List of writers from peoples Indigenous to the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Studies">Native American Studies</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hanksville.org/storytellers/awards/lifetime.html">List of NWCA Lifetime Achievement Awards</a>, accessed August 6, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPineda2021" class="citation web cs1">Pineda, Dorany (April 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/books/story/2021-04-16/winners-of-the-2020-l-a-times-book-prizes-announced">"Winners of the 2020 L.A. Times Book Prizes announced"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Winners+of+the+2020+L.A.+Times+Book+Prizes+announced&rft.date=2021-04-17&rft.aulast=Pineda&rft.aufirst=Dorany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment-arts%2Fbooks%2Fstory%2F2021-04-16%2Fwinners-of-the-2020-l-a-times-book-prizes-announced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer?pagename=PWNA_Native_Biography_lesliemarmonsilko#:~:text=Leslie%20Marmon%20Silko%20%2D%201948%2D,on%20the%20Laguna%20Pueblo%20Reservation">http://www.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer?pagename=PWNA_Native_Biography_lesliemarmonsilko#:~:text=Leslie%20Marmon%20Silko%20%2D%201948%2D,on%20the%20Laguna%20Pueblo%20Reservation</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilko1996" class="citation book cs1">Silko, Leslie Marmon (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lq9IKuhf24MC&dq=%22leslie+marmon+silko%22+%22Plains+Indian%22+%22never+knew%22&pg=PA198"><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit</i></a>. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439128329" title="Special:BookSources/9781439128329"><bdi>9781439128329</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yellow+Woman+and+a+Beauty+of+the+Spirit&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster+Paperbacks&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9781439128329&rft.aulast=Silko&rft.aufirst=Leslie+Marmon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLq9IKuhf24MC%26dq%3D%2522leslie%2Bmarmon%2Bsilko%2522%2B%2522Plains%2BIndian%2522%2B%2522never%2Bknew%2522%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.colostate.edu/news/native-american-heritage-month-leslie-marmon-silko/">"Native American Heritage Month: Leslie Marmon Silko"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Native+American+Heritage+Month%3A+Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.colostate.edu%2Fnews%2Fnative-american-heritage-month-leslie-marmon-silko%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn2004" class="citation book cs1">Glenn, Cheryl (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GCbAfVbN9rUC&dq=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22+quarter+Laguna&pg=PA164"><i>Unspoken: A Rhetoric of Silence</i></a>. Carbondale, Illinois: <a href="/wiki/Southern_Illinois_University_Press" title="Southern Illinois University Press">Southern Illinois University Press</a>. p. 164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0809325845" title="Special:BookSources/0809325845"><bdi>0809325845</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unspoken%3A+A+Rhetoric+of+Silence&rft.place=Carbondale%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Southern+Illinois+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0809325845&rft.aulast=Glenn&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGCbAfVbN9rUC%26dq%3D%2522Leslie%2BMarmon%2BSilko%2522%2Bquarter%2BLaguna%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lagunapueblo-nsn.gov/departments/enrollment/">"Enrollment"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Pueblo" title="Laguna Pueblo">Laguna Pueblo</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Oxford, England: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 213. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195142839" title="Special:BookSources/9780195142839"><bdi>9780195142839</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leslie+Marmon+Silko%27s+Ceremony%3A+A+Casebook&rft.place=Oxford%2C+England&rft.pages=213&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780195142839&rft.aulast=Chavkin&rft.aufirst=Allan+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW2vCk1T1qxkC%26dq%3D%2522Leslie%2BMarmon%2BSilko%2522%2Bblood%2Bquantum%26pg%3DPA213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilko1996" class="citation book cs1">Silko, Leslie Marmon (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lq9IKuhf24MC&dq=%22Leslie+Marmon+Silko%22+%22The+Marmons+are+very+controversial%22&pg=PA197"><i>Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit</i></a>. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0813520053" title="Special:BookSources/0813520053"><bdi>0813520053</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yellow+Woman+and+a+Beauty+of+the+Spirit&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0813520053&rft.aulast=Silko&rft.aufirst=Leslie+Marmon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLq9IKuhf24MC%26dq%3D%2522Leslie%2BMarmon%2BSilko%2522%2B%2522The%2BMarmons%2Bare%2Bvery%2Bcontroversial%2522%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Silko, Leslie Marmon 1948 -. (1999). In The Cambridge guide to women's writing in English. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/camgwwie/silko_leslie_marmon_1948/0">http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/camgwwie/silko_leslie_marmon_1948/0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307042827/https://library.simmons.edu/wamvalidate?url=http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu:80/content/entry/camgwwie/silko_leslie_marmon_1948/0">Archived</a> March 7, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNichols,_Nafeesa_T.1997" class="citation web cs1">Nichols, Nafeesa T. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft.pub=Emory+University&rft.date=1997&rft.au=Nichols%2C+Nafeesa+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.english.emory.edu%2FBahri%2FSilko.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/leslie-marmon-silko">"Leslie Marmon Silko"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.poetryfoundation.org%2Fpoets%2Fleslie-marmon-silko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1998-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1998_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1998_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fabian, A.(1998). 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New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451606560" title="Special:BookSources/9781451606560"><bdi>9781451606560</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hollywood%3A+A+Third+Memoir&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781451606560&rft.aulast=McMurtry&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaBQULcYJ4g4C%26dq%3D%2522honkytonk%2Bsue%2522%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carden, M.(2005). Silko, Leslie Marmon. In Encyclopedia of women's autobiography. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/abcwautob/silko_leslie_marmon/0">http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/abcwautob/silko_leslie_marmon/0</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carsten, C. (2005). Wíčazo Ša Review , Autumn, 2006, Vol. 21, No. 2 (Autumn, 2006), pp. 105-126 Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4140270">https://www.jstor.org/stable/4140270</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.altx.com/interviews/silko.html">"An Interview with Leslie Marmon Silko"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Interview+with+Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.altx.com%2Finterviews%2Fsilko.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllen,_Paula_Gunn1990" class="citation journal cs1">Allen, Paula Gunn (Fall 1990). 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"Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit: Essays on Native American Life Today by Leslie Marmon Silko". <i>The Antioch Review</i>. <b>54</b> (3): 364. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4613363">10.2307/4613363</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4613363">4613363</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Antioch+Review&rft.atitle=Yellow+Woman+and+a+Beauty+of+the+Spirit%3A+Essays+on+Native+American+Life+Today+by+Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=364&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4613363&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4613363%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Osborne-Mcknight&rft.aufirst=Juliene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiggers,_Jeff2012" class="citation web cs1">Biggers, Jeff (January 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2012/01/13/whos_afraid_of_the_tempest/">"Who's afraid of "The Tempest"?"</a>. <i>salon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=salon&rft.atitle=Who%27s+afraid+of+%22The+Tempest%22%3F&rft.date=2012-01-13&rft.au=Biggers%2C+Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2012%2F01%2F13%2Fwhos_afraid_of_the_tempest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorrell,_Brenda2012" class="citation web cs1">Norrell, Brenda (January 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118042440/http://narcosphere.narconews.com/notebook/brenda-norrell/2012/01/tucson-schools-bans-books-chicano-and-native-american-authors#.TxOEmuBLVKr.facebook">"Tucson schools bans books by Chicano and Native American authors"</a>. narcosphere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://narcosphere.narconews.com/notebook/brenda-norrell/2012/01/tucson-schools-bans-books-chicano-and-native-american-authors#.TxOEmuBLVKr.facebook">the original</a> on January 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tucson+schools+bans+books+by+Chicano+and+Native+American+authors&rft.pub=narcosphere&rft.date=2012-01-14&rft.au=Norrell%2C+Brenda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnarcosphere.narconews.com%2Fnotebook%2Fbrenda-norrell%2F2012%2F01%2Ftucson-schools-bans-books-chicano-and-native-american-authors%23.TxOEmuBLVKr.facebook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilko,_Leslie_MarmonArnold,_Ellen_L.2000" class="citation book cs1">Silko, Leslie Marmon; Arnold, Ellen L. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DAJV925bmJoC&q=cazimir+silko&pg=PR15"><i>Conversations with Leslie Marmon Silko</i></a>. UP of Mississippi. p. xv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781578063017" title="Special:BookSources/9781578063017"><bdi>9781578063017</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversations+with+Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft.pages=xv&rft.pub=UP+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9781578063017&rft.au=Silko%2C+Leslie+Marmon&rft.au=Arnold%2C+Ellen+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDAJV925bmJoC%26q%3Dcazimir%2Bsilko%26pg%3DPR15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaskoski1998" class="citation book cs1">Jaskoski, Helen (1998). <i>Leslie Marmon Silko a study of the short fiction</i>. New York: Twayne Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780805718577" title="Special:BookSources/9780805718577"><bdi>9780805718577</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/739713785">739713785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leslie+Marmon+Silko+a+study+of+the+short+fiction&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Twayne+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F739713785&rft.isbn=9780805718577&rft.aulast=Jaskoski&rft.aufirst=Helen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalyer1997" class="citation book cs1">Salyer, Gregory (1997). <i>Leslie Marmon Silko</i>. New York: Twayne Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780805718614" title="Special:BookSources/9780805718614"><bdi>9780805718614</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/739928080">739928080</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leslie+Marmon+Silko&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Twayne+Publishers&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F739928080&rft.isbn=9780805718614&rft.aulast=Salyer&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeslie+Marmon+Silko" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Leslie_Marmon_Silko" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Leslie Marmon Silko">Leslie Marmon Silko</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/beinecke.silko" class="extiw" title="hdl:10079/fa/beinecke.silko">Leslie Marmon Silko Papers</a>. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://westernamericanliterature.com/leslie-silko/">Western American Literature Journal: Leslie Silko</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317022432/http://literati.net/Silko/">Biography at Literati.net</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.cla.umn.edu/vg/Bios/entries/silko_leslie_marmon.html">Voices from the Gaps biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.boisestate.edu/u?/western,33">"Leslie Marmon Silko"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> by Per Seyersted in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172645/http://library.boisestate.edu/westernwriters/">Western Writers Series Digital Editions</a> at Boise State University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://soundcloud.com/dirtyverbs/silko-ethnic-studies">"Leslie Marmon Silko – Q&A – AZ Ethnic Studies Ban"</a>, <i>soundcloud</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcrw.com/etc/programs/bw/bw920413leslie_marmon_silko">KCRW Bookworm Interview</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xsooet_the-earth-is-crying_creation#.UTsuTlfJJRF">Leslie Marmon Silko in The Earth is Crying, 1986</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_Book_Awards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American Book Awards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_Book_Awards_winners_(1980–1999)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_Book_Awards" title="American Book Awards">American Book Awards</a> winners (1980–1999)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Woolf" title="Douglas Woolf">Douglas Woolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Dorn" title="Ed Dorn">Edward Dorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayne_Cortez" title="Jayne Cortez">Jayne Cortez</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leslie Marmon Silko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mei-mei_Berssenbrugge" title="Mei-mei Berssenbrugge">Mei-mei Berssenbrugge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Murayama" title="Milton Murayama">Milton Murayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Troupe" title="Quincy Troupe">Quincy Troupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolfo_Anaya" title="Rudolfo Anaya">Rudolfo Anaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alta_(poet)" title="Alta (poet)">Alta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Chong_Lau" title="Alan Chong Lau">Alan Chong Lau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienvenido_N._Santos" class="mw-redirect" title="Bienvenido N. Santos">Bienvenido N. Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Adam" title="Helen Adam">Helen Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Mitchell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lionel Mitchell (page does not exist)">Lionel Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Algar%C3%ADn" title="Miguel Algarín">Miguel Algarín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholasa_Mohr" title="Nicholasa Mohr">Nicholasa Mohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Blue_Cloud" title="Peter Blue Cloud">Peter Blue Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kelly_(poet)" title="Robert Kelly (poet)">Robert Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rose_Drachler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rose Drachler (page does not exist)">Rose Drachler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Howe" title="Susan Howe">Susan Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Cade_Bambara" title="Toni Cade Bambara">Toni Cade Bambara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Young" title="Al Young">Al Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Niatum" title="Duane Niatum">Duane Niatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._L._Mayo" title="E. L. Mayo">E. L. Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chin" title="Frank Chin">Frank Chin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Obenzinger" title="Hilton Obenzinger">Hilton Obenzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Him_Mark_Lai" title="Him Mark Lai">Him Mark Lai</a> / <a href="/wiki/Genny_Lim" title="Genny Lim">Genny Lim</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judy_Yung" title="Judy Yung">Judy Yung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Rothenberg" title="Jerome Rothenberg">Jerome Rothenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Thomas" title="Joyce Carol Thomas">Joyce Carol Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leroy_Quintana" title="Leroy Quintana">Leroy Quintana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorna_Dee_Cervantes" title="Lorna Dee Cervantes">Lorna Dee Cervantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Phillip_Tanaka" title="Ronald Phillip Tanaka">Ronald Phillip Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Banks" title="Russell Banks">Russell Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tato_Laviera" title="Tato Laviera">Tato Laviera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Christian" title="Barbara Christian">Barbara Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cecilia_Liang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cecilia Liang (page does not exist)">Cecilia Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelina_Vigil-Pi%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Evangelina Vigil-Piñón">Evangelina Vigil-Piñón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Rohmer" title="Harriet Rohmer">Harriet Rohmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Houston" title="James D. Houston">James D. Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tarahata_Hagedorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn">Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Williams" title="John A. Williams">John A. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Kogawa" title="Joy Kogawa">Joy Kogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Grahn" title="Judy Grahn">Judy Grahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Candelaria" title="Nash Candelaria">Nash Candelaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Guralnick" title="Peter Guralnick">Peter Guralnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Tuama" title="Seán Ó Tuama">Seán Ó Tuama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Brown_(writer)" title="Cecil Brown (writer)">Cecil Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Snyder" title="Gary Snyder">Gary Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Schwartz_(writer_and_editor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard Schwartz (writer and editor)">Howard Schwartz</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Mark_Podwal" title="Mark Podwal">Mark Podwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamu_Amiri_Baraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Imamu Amiri Baraka">Imamu Amiri Baraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Col%C3%B3n" title="Jesús Colón">Jesús Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bruchac" title="Joseph Bruchac">Joseph Bruchac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Kenny" title="Maurice Kenny">Maurice Kenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mei-mei_Berssenbrugge" title="Mei-mei Berssenbrugge">Mei-mei Berssenbrugge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min%C3%A9_Okubo" title="Miné Okubo">Miné Okubo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paule_Marshall" title="Paule Marshall">Paule Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthanne_Lum_McCunn" title="Ruthanne Lum McCunn">Ruthanne Lum McCunn</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=You-shan_Tang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="You-shan Tang (page does not exist)">You-shan Tang</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Lai-shan_Yeung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ellen Lai-shan Yeung (page does not exist)">Ellen Lai-shan Yeung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McGrath_(poet)" title="Thomas McGrath (poet)">Thomas McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkatesh_Kulkarni" title="Venkatesh Kulkarni">Venkatesh Kulkarni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kennedy_(author)" title="William Kennedy (author)">William J. Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Jackson" title="Angela Jackson">Angela Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Genthe" title="Arnold Genthe">Arnold Genthe</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Kuo_Wei_Tchen" title="John Kuo Wei Tchen">John Kuo Wei Tchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleen_J._McElroy" title="Colleen J. McElroy">Colleen J. McElroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Soto" title="Gary Soto">Gary Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Irons" title="Peter Irons">Peter Irons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiho_Soga" title="Keiho Soga">Keiho Soga</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taisanboku_Mori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taisanboku Mori (page does not exist)">Taisanboku Mori</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sojin_Takei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sojin Takei (page does not exist)">Sojin Takei</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muin_Ozaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muin Ozaki (page does not exist)">Muin Ozaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Erdrich" title="Louise Erdrich">Louise Erdrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Owen" title="Maureen Owen">Maureen Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Sarton" title="May Sarton">May Sarton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duncan_(poet)" title="Robert Duncan (poet)">Robert Edward Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Jones_(teacher)" title="Ron Jones (teacher)">Ron Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Cisneros" title="Sandra Cisneros">Sandra Cisneros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sanchez" title="Sonia Sanchez">Sonia Sanchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Vinograd" title="Julia Vinograd">Julia Vinograd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Oandasan" title="William Oandasan">William Oandasan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Lee_Walters" title="Anna Lee Walters">Anna Lee Walters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherr%C3%ADe_Moraga" title="Cherríe Moraga">Cherríe Moraga</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gloria_E._Anzald%C3%BAa" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloria E. Anzaldúa">Gloria E. Anzaldúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Barolini" title="Helen Barolini">Helen Barolini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeff_Hannusch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeff Hannusch (page does not exist)">Jeff Hannusch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Hogan_(writer)" title="Linda Hogan (writer)">Linda Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Algar%C3%ADn" title="Miguel Algarín">Miguel Algarín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Borovsky" title="Natasha Borovsky">Natasha Borovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Federman" title="Raymond Federman">Raymond Federman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Howe" title="Susan Howe">Susan Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Winch" title="Terence Winch">Terence Winch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshio_Mori" title="Toshio Mori">Toshio Mori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ai_(poet)" title="Ai (poet)">Ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Castillo" title="Ana Castillo">Ana Castillo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyn_Zarco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyn Zarco (page does not exist)">Cyn Zarco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_McGuire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel McGuire (page does not exist)">Daniel McGuire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Bryant" title="Dorothy Bryant">Dorothy Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etheridge_Knight" title="Etheridge Knight">Etheridge Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Giddins" title="Gary Giddins">Gary Giddins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Pekar" title="Harvey Pekar">Harvey Pekar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Welch_(writer)" title="James Welch (writer)">James Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wieners" title="John Wieners">John Wieners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Felipe_Herrera" title="Juan Felipe Herrera">Juan Felipe Herrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucia_Chiavola_Birnbaum" title="Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum">Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mayo_(poet)" title="Michael Mayo (poet)">Michael Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septima_Poinsette_Clark" title="Septima Poinsette Clark">Septima Poinsette Clark</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Stokes_Brown" title="Cynthia Stokes Brown">Cynthia Stokes Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McMillan" title="Terry McMillan">Terry McMillan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Blakely" title="Allison Blakely">Allison Blakely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Olson" title="Charles Olson">Charles Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_Bates_(civil_rights_activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daisy Bates (civil rights activist)">Daisy Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Halberstam" title="David Halberstam">David Halberstam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sanders" title="Ed Sanders">Edward Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Vizenor" title="Gerald Vizenor">Gerald Vizenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Santiago_Baca" title="Jimmy Santiago Baca">Jimmy Santiago Baca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesho_Y._Scott" title="Kesho Y. Scott">Kesho Y. Scott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cherry_Muhanji" title="Cherry Muhanji">Cherry Muhanji</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egyirba_High&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egyirba High (page does not exist)">Egyirba High</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlon_K._Hom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlon K. Hom (page does not exist)">Marlon K. Hom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Hoff" title="Benjamin Hoff">Benjamin Hoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Sukenick" title="Ronald Sukenick">Ronald Sukenick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_La_Puma" title="Salvatore La Puma">Salvatore La Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_Tek_Lum" title="Wing Tek Lum">Wing Tek Lum</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tek_Lum_Lum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tek Lum Lum (page does not exist)">Tek Lum Lum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alma_Luz_Villanueva" title="Alma Luz Villanueva">Alma Luz Villanueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askia_M._Tour%C3%A9" title="Askia M. Touré">Askia M. Touré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audre_Lorde" title="Audre Lorde">Audre Lorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Lau" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolyn Lau">Carolyn Lau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_Elliott" title="Emory Elliott">Emory Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Galeano" title="Eduardo Galeano">Eduardo Galeano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chin" title="Frank Chin">Frank Chin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Louis Gates">Henry Louis Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._California_Cooper" title="J. California Cooper">J. California Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jennifer_Stone_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jennifer Stone (writer) (page does not exist)">Jennifer Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Gattuso_Hendin" title="Josephine Gattuso Hendin">Josephine Gattuso Hendin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Scalapino" title="Leslie Scalapino">Leslie Scalapino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuntaro_Tanikawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuntaro Tanikawa">Shuntaro Tanikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fanning" title="Charles Fanning">Charles Fanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Minoru_Hohri" class="mw-redirect" title="William Minoru Hohri">William Minoru Hohri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Kennedy" title="Adrienne Kennedy">Adrienne Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Grizzuti_Harrison" title="Barbara Grizzuti Harrison">Barbara Grizzuti Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Gioseffi" title="Daniela Gioseffi">Daniela Gioseffi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Woody" title="Elizabeth Woody">Elizabeth Woody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualing_Nieh_Engle" title="Hualing Nieh Engle">Hualing Nieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabari_Njeri" title="Itabari Njeri">Itabari Njeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Freeman" title="James M. Freeman">James M. Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Walter" title="John C. Walter">John C. Walter</a> / <a href="/wiki/J._Raymond_Jones" title="J. Raymond Jones">J. Raymond Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Norton_(author)" title="John Norton (author)">John Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Emilio_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="José Emilio González">José Emilio González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Kan" title="Sergei Kan">Sergei Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_A._Thompson" title="Lloyd A. Thompson">Lloyd A. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bernal" title="Martin Bernal">Martin Bernal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_T._Clinton" title="Michelle T. Clinton">Michelle T. Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sesshu_Foster" title="Sesshu Foster">Sesshu Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Gunn_Allen" title="Paula Gunn Allen">Paula Gunn Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Geok-lin_Lim" title="Shirley Geok-lin Lim">Shirley Geok-lin Lim</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayumi_Tsutakawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayumi Tsutakawa (page does not exist)">Mayumi Tsutakawa</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Margarita_Donnelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margarita Donnelly (page does not exist)">Margarita Donnelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Murgu%C3%ADa" title="Alejandro Murguía">Alejandro Murguía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_hooks" title="Bell hooks">bell hooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Wright" title="Bruce M. Wright">Bruce Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Trujillo" title="Charley Trujillo">Charley Trujillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._H._Melhem" title="D. H. Melhem">D. H. Melhem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Keenan" title="Deborah Keenan">Deborah Keenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Hagedorn" title="Jessica Hagedorn">Jessica Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edgar_Wideman" title="John Edgar Wideman">John Edgar Wideman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Tei_Yamashita" title="Karen Tei Yamashita">Karen Tei Yamashita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucia_Berlin" title="Lucia Berlin">Lucia Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Crow_Dog" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Crow Dog">Mary Crow Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridel_Le_Sueur" title="Meridel Le Sueur">Meridel Le Sueur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mill_Hunk_Herald_Collective&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mill Hunk Herald Collective (page does not exist)">Mill Hunk Herald Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Marks_Dauenhauer" title="Nora Marks Dauenhauer">Nora Marks Dauenhauer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dauenhauer" title="Richard Dauenhauer">Richard Dauenhauer</a></li> <li>R. Baxter Miller</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Centolella" title="Thomas Centolella">Thomas Centolella</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%27Lelia_Bundles" title="A'Lelia Bundles">A'Lelia Perry Bundles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Spiegelman" title="Art Spiegelman">Art Spiegelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Alire_S%C3%A1enz" title="Benjamin Alire Sáenz">Benjamin Alire Sáenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_J._Haraway" class="mw-redirect" title="Donna J. Haraway">Donna J. Haraway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritjof_Capra" title="Fritjof Capra">Fritjof Capra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Burciaga" title="José Antonio Burciaga">José Antonio Burciaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Gilyard" title="Keith Gilyard">Keith Gilyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Thompson" title="Lucy Thompson">Lucy Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Field" title="Norma Field">Norma Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bacho" title="Peter Bacho">Peter Bacho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kalifornsky" title="Peter Kalifornsky">Peter Kalifornsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Andrews" title="Raymond Andrews">Raymond Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Scofield" title="Sandra Scofield">Sandra Scofield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Hamanaka" title="Sheila Hamanaka">Sheila Hamanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verlyn_Klinkenborg" title="Verlyn Klinkenborg">Verlyn Klinkenborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Branch" title="William B. Branch">William B. Branch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Amiri_Baraka" title="Amiri Baraka">Amiri Baraka</a> / <a href="/wiki/August_Wilson" title="August Wilson">August Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asake_Bomani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asake Bomani (page does not exist)">Asake Bomani</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belvie_Rooks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belvie Rooks (page does not exist)">Belvie Rooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Mogil" title="Christopher Mogil">Christopher Mogil</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Woodrow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Woodrow (page does not exist)">Peter Woodrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Giardina" title="Denise Giardina">Denise Giardina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Glancy" title="Diane Glancy">Diane Glancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_B._Redmond" title="Eugene B. Redmond">Eugene B. Redmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_X._Alarc%C3%B3n" title="Francisco X. Alarcón">Francisco X. Alarcón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Graff" title="Gerald Graff">Gerald Graff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Beatty" title="Jack Beatty">Jack Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leroy_V._Quintana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leroy V. Quintana (page does not exist)">Leroy V. Quintana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Peter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katherine Peter (page does not exist)">Katherine Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_George" title="Nelson George">Nelson George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninotchka_Rosca" title="Ninotchka Rosca">Ninotchka Rosca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giose_Rimanelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giose Rimanelli (page does not exist)">Giose Rimanelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Drooker" title="Eric Drooker">Eric Drooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graciela_Lim%C3%B3n" title="Graciela Limón">Graciela Limón</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_J._Reed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory J. Reed (page does not exist)">Gregory J. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Campbell_Hale" title="Janet Campbell Hale">Janet Campbell Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Nelson" title="Jill Nelson">Jill Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawson_Fusao_Inada" title="Lawson Fusao Inada">Lawson Fusao Inada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Blackman" title="Nicole Blackman">Nicole Blackman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gilroy" title="Paul Gilroy">Paul Gilroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Takaki" title="Ronald Takaki">Ronald Takaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rose_L._Glickman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rose L. Glickman (page does not exist)">Rose L. Glickman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Villanueva" title="Tino Villanueva">Tino Villanueva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_L._Kroll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia L. Kroll (page does not exist)">Virginia L. Kroll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Rodriguez_(novelist)" title="Abraham Rodriguez (novelist)">Abraham Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Boyd" title="Herb Boyd">Herb Boyd</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Allen" title="Robert L. Allen">Robert L. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Chavez" class="mw-redirect" title="Denise Chavez">Denise Chavez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Egerton_(journalist)" title="John Egerton (journalist)">John Egerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ross_(activist)" title="John Ross (activist)">John Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Avena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Avena (page does not exist)">Thomas Avena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Raymond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linda Raymond (page does not exist)">Linda Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li-Young_Lee" title="Li-Young Lee">Li-Young Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marianna_De_Marco_Torgovnick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marianna De Marco Torgovnick (page does not exist)">Marianna De Marco Torgovnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marnie_Mueller" title="Marnie Mueller">Marnie Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Quinn_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Quinn (author) (page does not exist)">Peter Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandra_Martz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandra Martz (page does not exist)">Sandra Martz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Henry_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon Henry Jr.">Gordon Henry Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricia_Rose" title="Tricia Rose">Tricia Rose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agate_Nesaule" title="Agate Nesaule">Agate Nesaule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sze" title="Arthur Sze">Arthur Sze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang-Rae_Lee" title="Chang-Rae Lee">Chang-Rae Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitra_Banerjee_Divakaruni" title="Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni">Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.J._Miller_Laino" class="mw-redirect" title="E.J. Miller Laino">E.J. Miller Laino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_C._Loury" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenn C. Loury">Glenn C. Loury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Loewen" title="James W. Loewen">James W. Loewen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sacco" title="Joe Sacco">Joe Sacco</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Said" title="Edward Said">Edward Said</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimiko_Hahn" title="Kimiko Hahn">Kimiko Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Espinosa" title="Maria Espinosa">Maria Espinosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Viscusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Viscusi (page does not exist)">Robert Viscusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Alexie" title="Sherman Alexie">Sherman Alexie</a></li> <li>Ron Sakolsky / <a href="/wiki/Fred_Weihan_Ho" class="mw-redirect" title="Fred Weihan Ho">Fred Weihan Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephanie_Cowell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephanie Cowell (page does not exist)">Stephanie Cowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Gass" title="William H. Gass">William H. Gass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alurista" title="Alurista">Alurista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Bell" title="Derrick Bell">Derrick Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Barresi" title="Dorothy Barresi">Dorothy Barresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_G%C3%B3mez-Pe%C3%B1a" title="Guillermo Gómez-Peña">Guillermo Gómez-Peña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Owens" title="Louis Owens">Louis Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Espada" title="Martín Espada">Martín Espada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montserrat_Fontes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montserrat Fontes (page does not exist)">Montserrat Fontes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Ignatiev" title="Noel Ignatiev">Noel Ignatiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Geok-lin_Lim" title="Shirley Geok-lin Lim">Shirley Geok-lin Lim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunaina_Maira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunaina Maira (page does not exist)">Sunaina Maira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thulani_Davis" title="Thulani Davis">Thulani Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_De_Haven" title="Tom De Haven">Tom De Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_M._Banks_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William M. Banks (author) (page does not exist)">William M. Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brenda Knight (page does not exist)">Brenda Knight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Adelle_Hedge_Coke" class="mw-redirect" title="Allison Adelle Hedge Coke">Allison Adelle Hedge Coke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Y._Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Angela Y. Davis">Angela Y. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Marie_Osbey" title="Brenda Marie Osbey">Brenda Marie Osbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_DeLillo" title="Don DeLillo">Don DeLillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Barnes_(writer)" title="Jim Barnes (writer)">Jim Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Williams" title="John A. Williams">John A. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Rawles" title="Nancy Rawles">Nancy Rawles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Okja_Keller" title="Nora Okja Keller">Nora Okja Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Benitez" title="Sandra Benitez">Sandra Benitez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scott_DeVeaux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scott DeVeaux (page does not exist)">Scott DeVeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lynch_(poet)" title="Thomas Lynch (poet)">Thomas Lynch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_McDermott" title="Alice McDermott">Alice McDermott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Linzer" title="Anna Linzer">Anna Linzer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_Ward_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Ward (author) (page does not exist)">Brian Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiori_Santiago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiori Santiago (page does not exist)">Chiori Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Donald_Two-Rivers" title="E. Donald Two-Rivers">E. Donald Two-Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwidge_Danticat" title="Edwidge Danticat">Edwidge Danticat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Roche" title="Judith Roche">Judith Roche</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meg_McHutchison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meg McHutchison (page does not exist)">Meg McHutchison</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gioia_Timpanelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gioia Timpanelli (page does not exist)">Gioia Timpanelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Naylor" title="Gloria Naylor">Gloria Naylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Houston" title="James D. Houston">James D. Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_Lipka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry Lipka (page does not exist)">Jerry Lipka</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_V._Mohatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald V. Mohatt (page does not exist)">Gerald V. Mohatt</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciulistet_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciulistet Group (page does not exist)">Ciulistet Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trey_Ellis" title="Trey Ellis">Trey Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Novakovich" title="Josip Novakovich">Josip Novakovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauro_Flores" class="mw-redirect" title="Lauro Flores">Lauro Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Alberto_Urrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Luís Alberto Urrea">Luís Alberto Urrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_George" title="Nelson George">Nelson George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speer_Morgan" title="Speer Morgan">Speer Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Gach" title="Gary Gach">Gary Gach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiori_Santiago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiori Santiago (page does not exist)">Chiori Santiago</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judith_Lowry" title="Judith Lowry">Judith Lowry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273001#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273001#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273001#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11913053X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80093635">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12097768j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12097768j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00456582">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Silko, Leslie Marmon"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV023740">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35499311">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0010888&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072651792">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90070804">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000097120&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000031090&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201949230">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/mx39gdz0kwhsjllb">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810627819005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007275548405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000100924">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14780924">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02705073?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/975373">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11913053X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027559998">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6zs31cx">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&oldid=1258872218">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leslie_Marmon_Silko&oldid=1258872218</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1948_births" title="Category:1948 births">1948 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Category:Writers from Albuquerque, New Mexico">Writers from Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:MacArthur_Fellows" title="Category:MacArthur Fellows">MacArthur Fellows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_postmodern_writers" title="Category:American postmodern writers">American postmodern writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_women_poets" title="Category:American women poets">American women poets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_poets_of_Mexican_descent" title="Category:American poets of Mexican descent">American poets of Mexican descent</a></li><li><a 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