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{"work":{"id":6454088,"created_at":"2014-03-17T23:27:05.097-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2025-02-01T10:45:24.017-08:00","_data":{"ai_abstract":"The Potsdam Conference laid out the framework for the post-war occupation and reconstruction of Germany following World War II. 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const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=6454088"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The Potsdam Conference laid out the framework for the post-war occupation and reconstruction of Germany following World War II. Key directives included the complete disarmament and demilitarization of Germany, the abolition of Nazi institutions, and the establishment of a democratic political system. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/105821919/A_question_of_priorities_democratic_reforms_and_economic_recovery_in_postwar_Germany_Frankfurt_Munich_and_Stuttgart_under_U_S_occupation_1945_1949"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="74918803" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74918803/Arbeit_Macht_Frei_The_Effect_of_the_National_Socialist_German_Workers_Party_on_the_Laws_of_Germany">Arbeit Macht Frei: The Effect of the National Socialist German Workers' Party on the Laws of Germany</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31419644" href="https://ecu.academia.edu/WilliamGray">William Gray</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Arbeit Macht Frei: The Effect of the National Socialist German Workers' Party on the Laws of Germany, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This essay will examine the jurisprudential aspects of the laws of Germany during the Third Reich. It will also seek to find the rationale behind the unprecedented trials at Nuremburg as well as put their significance into perspective. Germany's Political Landscape (pre-1933). At the end of the first World War, the German Empire underwent a revolution. Kaiser Wilhelm II and the then-ruling German princes abdicated their positions and responsibilities occasioning an end to the German, federal, constitutional monarchy. The monarchy was replaced with a democratic, parliamentary system. This later became known as the Weimar Republic.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Arbeit Macht Frei: The Effect of the National Socialist German Workers' Party on the Laws of Germany","attachmentId":82898276,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74918803/Arbeit_Macht_Frei_The_Effect_of_the_National_Socialist_German_Workers_Party_on_the_Laws_of_Germany","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74918803/Arbeit_Macht_Frei_The_Effect_of_the_National_Socialist_German_Workers_Party_on_the_Laws_of_Germany"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="26410125" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26410125/Adolf_Hitler_Documents_of_War_1933_1945_pdf">Adolf Hitler Documents of War 1933-1945.pdf</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28992531" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GustavoUrue%C3%B1aA">Gustavo Urueña A</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Speech by Herr Hitler to the Reichstag on September 1, 1939 FOR months we have been suffering under the torture of a problem which the Versailles Diktat created-a problem which has deteriorated until it becomes intolerable for us. Danzig was and is a German city. The Corridor was and is German. Both these territories owe their cultural development exclusively to the German people. Danzig was separated from us, the Corridor was annexed by Poland. As in other German territories of the East, all German minorities living there have been ill-treated in the most distressing manner. More than 1,000,000 people of German blood had in the years 1919-20 to leave their homeland. As always, I attempted to bring about, by the peaceful method of making proposals for revision, an alteration of this intolerable position. It is a lie when the outside world says that we only tried to carry through our revisions by pressure. Fifteen years before the National Socialist Party came to power there was the opportunity of carrying out these revisions by peaceful settlements and understanding. On my own initiative I have, not once but several times, made proposals for the revision of intolerable conditions. All these proposals, as you know, have been rejected-proposals for limitation of armaments and ever, if necessary, disarmament, proposals for the limitation of war-making, proposals for the elimination of certain methods of modern warfare. You know the proposals that I have made to fulfil the necessity of restoring German sovereignty over German territories. You know the endless attempts I made for a peaceful clarification and understanding of the problem of Austria, and later of the problem of the Sudetenland, Bohemia, and Moravia. It was all in vain. It is impossible to demand that an impossible position should be cleared up by peaceful revision and at the same time constantly reject peaceful revision. It is also impossible to say that he who undertakes to carry out these revisions for himself transgresses a law, since the Versailles Diktat is not law to us. A signature was forced out of us with pistols at our head and with the threat of hunger for millions of people. And then this document, with our signature, obtained by force, was proclaimed as a solemn law.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Adolf Hitler Documents of War 1933-1945.pdf","attachmentId":46708634,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26410125/Adolf_Hitler_Documents_of_War_1933_1945_pdf","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26410125/Adolf_Hitler_Documents_of_War_1933_1945_pdf"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="12368792" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12368792/Education_Reform_in_Postwar_Germany">Education Reform in Postwar Germany</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31089701" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrisztinaF%C5%91z%C5%91">Krisztina Főző</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Education Reform in Postwar Germany","attachmentId":37624088,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12368792/Education_Reform_in_Postwar_Germany","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12368792/Education_Reform_in_Postwar_Germany"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="31187278" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31187278/Inevitable_Kampf_of_Germany">Inevitable Kampf of Germany</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9763694" href="https://metu.academia.edu/ErenKorkmaz">Eren Korkmaz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Obscurity of the actions of far-right post-war Germany was a decisive element in the Western foreign policy. As a consequence of this obscure atmosphere, Britain and France was intending to slow Germany down from aggression with their Appeasement Policy. Eric Hobsbawm discusses that this policy’s roots belonged to the Treaty of Locarno; however it was not a root rather an ambiguous deed of Britain and France. It was primarily because they were uncertain of a possible threat of German expansion so that they wanted to secure their borders. As Iain Macleod –who was a conservative British politician- states that “… Hitler was insatiable, war inevitable and appeasement therefore a forlorn hope” it was quite unclear what would happen with the existence of Hitler and appeasing him was a far, however the best middle-ground hope. So, as German nation was demolished, resentful and without alternative of fascism, they did what was necessary for the revision of Treaty of Versailles. In these conditions, the point that had no return was the Munich Agreement as Czech territory was sacrificed to Germany after Anschluss. The paper is going to discuss around these issues while also providing the historical background of the steps into World War II in the first place, in order to create a better understanding on how the ladders were shaped for Axis powers to have expansionist policies. While discussing them, the paper will also provide insights and subjective interpretations on the necessarily significant turning points.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Inevitable Kampf of Germany","attachmentId":51611305,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31187278/Inevitable_Kampf_of_Germany","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31187278/Inevitable_Kampf_of_Germany"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="9122439" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9122439/Greater_German_Reich">Greater German Reich</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20767794" href="https://independent.academia.edu/sunderlatpate">sunder latpate</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Greater German Reich","attachmentId":35413771,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9122439/Greater_German_Reich","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9122439/Greater_German_Reich"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":33246813,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":33246813,"attachmentType":"doc","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_33246813" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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