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class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">leonine</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also">See also: <a href="/wiki/Leonine" title="Leonine">Leonine</a> and <a href="/wiki/l%C3%A9onine" title="léonine">léonine</a></div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#English">1 English</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Pronunciation">1.1 Pronunciation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Etymology_1">1.2 Etymology 1</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#Adjective">1.2.1 Adjective</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-5"><a href="#Derived_terms">1.2.1.1 Derived terms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-6"><a href="#Translations">1.2.1.2 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Etymology_2">1.3 Etymology 2</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Adjective_2">1.3.1 Adjective</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-9"><a href="#Alternative_forms">1.3.1.1 Alternative forms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-10"><a href="#Derived_terms_2">1.3.1.2 Derived terms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-11"><a href="#Translations_2">1.3.1.3 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Noun">1.3.2 Noun</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-13"><a href="#Translations_3">1.3.2.1 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Etymology_3">1.4 Etymology 3</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="#Noun_2">1.4.1 Noun</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-16"><a href="#Alternative_forms_2">1.4.1.1 Alternative forms</a></li> <li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-17"><a href="#Translations_4">1.4.1.2 Translations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#References">1.5 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Further_reading">1.6 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Anagrams">1.7 Anagrams</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Italian">2 Italian</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Adjective_3">2.1 Adjective</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Latin">3 Latin</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Adjective_4">3.1 Adjective</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English">edit</a>]</div> <div class="was-wotd floatright" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Word_of_the_day/Archive/2025/February#12" title="Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2025/February">WOTD – 12 February 2025</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="w:Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>): /ˈliːənaɪn/, /-nɪn/</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_in_southern_England" class="extiw" title="w:English in southern England">Southern England</a>):</td><td class="audiofile"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-leonine.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-leonine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-leonine.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-leonine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-leonine.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-leonine.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-leonine.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-leonine.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_American_English" class="extiw" title="w:General American English">General American</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>): /ˈliəˌnaɪn/</li> <li>Hyphenation: le‧on‧ine</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1">Etymology 1</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Etymology 1">edit</a>]</div> From Late <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a> <a href="/wiki/leonin#Middle_English" title="leonin">leonin</a>, <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">leonine</a> (“characteristic of a lion, lionlike”),<a href="#cite_note-MED-1">[1]</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_French" class="extiw" title="w:Old French">Old French</a> <a href="/wiki/leonin#Old_French" title="leonin">leonin</a>, and from its <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#etymon" title="Appendix:Glossary">etymon</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/leoninus#Latin" title="leoninus">leōnīnus</a> (“of or pertaining to a lion”), from <a href="/wiki/leo#Latin" title="leo">leō</a> (“lion”)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> (from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="w:Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%89%CE%BD#Ancient_Greek" title="λέων">λέων</a> (léōn, “lion”); further etymology uncertain) + <a href="/wiki/-inus#Latin" title="-inus">-īnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#suffix" title="Appendix:Glossary">suffix</a> meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Adjective">Adjective</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Adjective">edit</a>]</div> leonine (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#comparative" title="Appendix:Glossary">comparative</a> more leonine, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#superlative" title="Appendix:Glossary">superlative</a> most leonine) <ol><li>Of, pertaining to, or <a href="/wiki/characteristic#Adjective" title="characteristic">characteristic</a> of a <a href="/wiki/lion#Noun" title="lion">lion</a>; <a href="/wiki/lionlike" title="lionlike">lionlike</a>. <dl><dd>Synonyms: <a href="/wiki/lionesque#English" title="lionesque">lionesque</a>, <a href="/wiki/lionly#English" title="lionly">lionly</a></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example">His leonine face scared the young children.</div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1669–1696 (date written), John Aubrey, “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Butler_(poet)" class="extiw" title="w:Samuel Butler (poet)">Samuel Butler</a> (161⅔–1680)”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Clark_(priest)" class="extiw" title="w:Andrew Clark (priest)">Andrew Clark</a>, editor, <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brief_Lives" class="extiw" title="w:Brief Lives">‘Brief Lives,’ Chiefly of Contemporaries, […]</a></cite>, volume I (A–H), Oxford, Oxfordshire: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Clarendon Press</a>, published 1898, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/557323122">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/briefliveschiefl01aubr/page/138/mode/1up">page 138</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">He was of a leonine-coloured haire, sanguinocholerique, middle sized, strong.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1755 April 15, Samuel Johnson, “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/b30451541_0002/page/n910/mode/1up">Ti′ger</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" class="extiw" title="w:A Dictionary of the English Language">A Dictionary of the English Language: [<span title="In which the Words are Deduced from Their Originals, and Illustrated in Their Different Significations by Examples from the Best Writers. To which are Prefixed, a History of the Language, and an English Grammar. By Samuel Johnson, A.M. In Two Volumes.">…]</a></cite>, volume II (L–Z), London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton;  […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1637325">→OCLC</a>, column 1:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Ti′ger. […] A fierce beaſt of the leonine kind.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1822, William Wordsworth, “[Ecclesiastical Sketches, in a Series of Sonnets. Part I. From the Introduction of Christianity into Britain, to the Consummation of the Papal Dominion.] [Sonnet] XXXIV. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Richard I of England">Richard I</a>.”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hope_Reed" class="extiw" title="w:Henry Hope Reed">Henry [Hope] Reed</a>, editor, <cite>The Complete Poetical Works of William Wordsworth</cite>, Philadelphia, Pa.: Hayes & Zell, […], published 1860, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/6755364">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completepoetical00word_0/page/354/mode/1up">page 354</a>, column 1:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Redoubted King, of courage leonine, / I mark thee, Richard!</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1851, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" class="extiw" title="w:Thomas Carlyle">Thomas Carlyle</a>, “Disaster on Disaster”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Life_of_John_Sterling" class="extiw" title="w:The Life of John Sterling">The Life of John Sterling</a></cite>, London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" class="extiw" title="w:Chapman & Hall">Chapman and Hall</a>, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/2742477">→OCLC</a>, part II, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofjohnsterli00car/page/303/mode/1up">page 303</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Great sensibility lay in him [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Sterling" class="extiw" title="w:Edward Sterling">Edward Sterling</a>], too; a real sympathy, and affectionate pity and softness, which he had an over-tendency to express even by tears,—a singular sight in so leonine a man.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1887, Thomas Adolphus Trollope, “Walter S. Landor—<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Perkins_Marsh" class="extiw" title="w:George Perkins Marsh">G. P. Marsh</a>”, in <cite>What I Remember […]</cite>, volume II, London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Bentley_(publisher)" class="extiw" title="w:Richard Bentley (publisher)">Richard Bentley and Son</a> […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/755061146">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y9IjAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA245">pages 245–246</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">He [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Savage_Landor" class="extiw" title="w:Walter Savage Landor">Walter Savage Landor</a>] was a man of somewhat leonine aspect as regards the general appearance and expression of the head and face, which accorded well with the large and massive build of the figure, and to which a superbly curling white beard added not only picturesqueness, but a certain nobility.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">2005, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean_Dooley" class="extiw" title="w:Sean Dooley">Sean Dooley</a>, “23 March, Gluepot Reserve, SA”, in <cite>The Big Twitch: One Man, One Continent, a Race against Time—A True Story about Birdwatching</cite>, Crows Nest, Sydney, N.S.W.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin" class="extiw" title="w:Allen & Unwin">Allen & Unwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74114-528-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74114-528-1">→ISBN</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bigtwitchonemano0000dool/page/124/mode/1up">page 124</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">He [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_B._Cox" class="extiw" title="w:John B. Cox">John B. Cox</a>] is the birdwatching equivalent of a great hunter, striding along the edge of the swamp with an almost leonine confidence, his large hands gripping his binoculars like a gunslinger wields a Colt 45.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul> <ol><li>(<a href="/wiki/pathology" title="pathology">pathology</a>) Of a <a href="/wiki/facies#English" title="facies">facies</a> (“a <a href="/wiki/person#Noun" title="person">person</a>'s <a href="/wiki/facial#Adjective" title="facial">facial</a> <a href="/wiki/feature#Noun" title="feature">features</a>”): <a href="/wiki/resemble" title="resemble">resembling</a> those of a lion as a <a href="/wiki/result#Noun" title="result">result</a> of some <a href="/wiki/disease#Noun" title="disease">disease</a>, especially a <a href="/wiki/form#Noun" title="form">form</a> of <a href="/wiki/leprosy" title="leprosy">leprosy</a> which <a href="/wiki/cause#Verb" title="cause">causes</a> <a href="/wiki/leontiasis#English" title="leontiasis">leontiasis</a> (“a <a href="/wiki/medical_condition" title="medical condition">medical condition</a> <a href="/wiki/characterize" title="characterize">characterized</a> by an <a href="/wiki/overgrowth" title="overgrowth">overgrowth</a> of the <a href="/wiki/cranial" title="cranial">cranial</a> and facial <a href="/wiki/bone#Noun" title="bone">bones</a>”); also, of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies. <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example collocation">leonine facies</div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1874 September 15, “Catholic Heroism”, in <cite>The Illustrated Monitor: Organ of the Confraternity of the Sacred Christ and Agony of Our Lord, […]</cite>, volume I, number 2, Dublin: Joseph Dollard, […], published 1875, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/7241286">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bIAzAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA22">page 22</a>, column 1:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The most terrible variety of this hideous evil is the leonine leprosy, so called because the head of the sufferer resembles that of a lion.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1883, James Nevins Hyde, “Neoplastic”, in <cite>A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin, […]</cite>, Philadelphia, Pa.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Charles_Lea" class="extiw" title="w:Henry Charles Lea">Henry C[harles] Lea’s Son & Co.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/6599152">→OCLC</a>, class IX (Of the Skin with Involvement of Other Organs), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/practicaltreatis00hyd/page/431/mode/1up">page 431</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">From syphilis, which is also a disease whose lesions are polymorphic in character, lepra can be distinguished by […] the characteristic leonine facies of its tubercular forms.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1890 November, “Leprosy in Louisiana—Necessity of Providing for Lepers”, in <cite>New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal</cite>, volume XVIII (New Series), number 5, New Orleans, La.: L. Graham & Son, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1031920911">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/19030340RX10.nlm.nih.gov/page/396/mode/1up">page 396</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">A careful examination showed that the man was suffering from leprosy in an advanced stage; his face had the leonine expression, and the husky voice doubtless indicated that the disease had invaded the larynx.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">2000, Elinor Lieber, “Old Testament ‘Leprosy’, Contagion and Sin”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Conrad" class="extiw" title="w:Lawrence Conrad">Lawrence I[rvin] Conrad</a>, Dominik Wujastyk, editors, <cite>Contagion: Perspectives from Pre-modern Societies</cite>, Aldershot, Hampshire: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashgate_Publishing" class="extiw" title="w:Ashgate Publishing">Ashgate Publishing</a>, published 2017, <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-0258-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-0258-3">→ISBN</a>, part III (Middle East and Europe), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ezUrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA129">page 129</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">However, a head of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bes" class="extiw" title="w:Bes">Bes</a> on an anthropomorphic clay vessel, dating from around 1300 bc, has been found in an Egyptian temple in Canaan, and it has been claimed that its leonine facies shows signs of advanced lepromatous leprosy.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Derived terms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/leoninely#English" title="leoninely">leoninely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/leonine_share#English" title="leonine share">leonine share</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations">Translations</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-of,_pertaining_to,_or_characteristic_of_a_lion"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a lion</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a lion"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> <ul><li>Bulgarian: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="лъвски (page does not exist)">лъвски</a> (lǎvski)</li> <li>Catalan: <a href="/wiki/lleon%C3%AD#Catalan" title="lleoní">lleoní</a></li> <li>Czech: <a href="/wiki/lv%C3%AD#Czech" title="lví">lví</a> <a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/lv%C3%AD" class="extiw" title="cs:lví">(cs)</a></li> <li>Danish: <a href="/wiki/l%C3%B8ve#Danish" title="løve">løve</a>-</li> <li>Dutch: <a href="/wiki/leeuwen#Dutch" title="leeuwen">leeuwen</a>-</li> <li>Esperanto: <a href="/wiki/leona#Esperanto" title="leona">leona</a> <a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/leona" class="extiw" title="eo:leona">(eo)</a></li> <li>Finnish: <a href="/wiki/leijonamainen#Finnish" title="leijonamainen">leijonamainen</a></li> <li>French: <a href="/wiki/l%C3%A9onin#French" title="léonin">léonin</a> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/l%C3%A9onin" class="extiw" title="fr:léonin">(fr)</a></li> <li>German: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6we#German" title="Löwe">Löwen-</a> <a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/L%C3%B6we" class="extiw" title="de:Löwe">(de)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=l%C3%B6wenartig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="löwenartig (page does not exist)">löwenartig</a></li> <li>Italian: <a href="/wiki/leonino#Italian" title="leonino">leonino</a> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonino" class="extiw" title="it:leonino">(it)</a></li> <li>Latin: <a href="/wiki/leoninus#Latin" title="leoninus">leoninus</a> <a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/leoninus" class="extiw" title="la:leoninus">(la)</a></li> <li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li> <li>Malay: <a href="/wiki/singa#Malay" title="singa">singa</a> <a href="https://ms.wiktionary.org/wiki/singa" class="extiw" title="ms:singa">(ms)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=kesingaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="kesingaan (page does not exist)">kesingaan</a></li> <li>Manx: <a href="/w/index.php?title=lionagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="lionagh (page does not exist)">lionagh</a></li> <li>Polish: <a href="/wiki/lwi#Polish" title="lwi">lwi</a> <a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/lwi" class="extiw" title="pl:lwi">(pl)</a></li> <li>Portuguese: <a href="/wiki/leonino#Portuguese" title="leonino">leonino</a> <a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonino" class="extiw" title="pt:leonino">(pt)</a>, <a href="/wiki/le%C3%B3nico#Portuguese" title="leónico">leónico</a></li> <li>Russian: <a href="/wiki/%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9#Russian" title="львиный">льви́ный</a> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="ru:львиный">(ru)</a> (lʹvínyj)</li> <li>Spanish: <a href="/wiki/leonino#Spanish" title="leonino">leonino</a> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonino" class="extiw" title="es:leonino">(es)</a></li> <li>Ukrainian: <a href="/wiki/%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9#Ukrainian" title="левовий">ле́вовий</a> (lévovyj), <a href="/wiki/%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9#Ukrainian" title="левиний">леви́ний</a> (levýnyj)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-of_a_facies:_resembling_those_of_a_lion_as_a_result_of_some_disease;_of_leprosy:_causing_a_lionlike_facies"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">of a facies: resembling those of a lion as a result of some disease; of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="of a facies: resembling those of a lion as a result of some disease; of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Finnish: <a href="/wiki/leijonamainen#Finnish" title="leijonamainen">leijonamainen</a></li> <li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology 2</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Etymology 2">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#adjective" title="Appendix:Glossary">adjective</a> is derived from Late <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a> <a href="/wiki/leonin#Middle_English" title="leonin">leonin</a>, <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">leonine</a> (“of or pertaining to a person named Leo; specifically Pope Leo IV”),<a href="#cite_note-MED-1">[1]</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/leoninus#Latin" title="leoninus">leōnīnus</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Leo#Latin" title="Leo">Leo</a> (“man’s name”) (from <a href="/wiki/leo#Latin" title="leo">leo</a> (“lion”): see <a href="#Etymology_1">etymology 1</a>)<a href="#cite_note-OED-3">[3]</a> + <a href="/wiki/-inus#Latin" title="-inus">-īnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#suffix" title="Appendix:Glossary">suffix</a> meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). <a href="#English:_poetry">Sense 2</a> (“being or relating to a kind of verse with internal rhyme”) is said to refer to a (possibly apocryphal) medieval monk named Leo or Leonius who composed verse with this characteristic; his identity is uncertain,<a href="#cite_note-OED-3">[3]</a> but the composer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9onin" class="extiw" title="w:Léonin">Léonin</a> (also known as Leo, Leoninus, or Leonius; flourished 1135s–1201) has been suggested. Alternatively, the word may refer to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_II" class="extiw" title="w:Pope Leo II">Pope Leo II</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#c." title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr></a> 611–683): see the c. 1760–1761 quotation. The <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#noun" title="Appendix:Glossary">noun</a> is derived from the adjective.<a href="#cite_note-OED-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Adjective_2">Adjective</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Adjective">edit</a>]</div> leonine (not <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#comparable" title="Appendix:Glossary">comparable</a>) <ol><li>Of or pertaining to one of the <a href="/wiki/pope#Noun" title="pope">popes</a> <a href="/wiki/name#Verb" title="name">named</a> <a href="/wiki/Leo#Proper_noun" title="Leo">Leo</a>; specifically (in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonine_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonine City (page does not exist)">Leonine City</a>), to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_IV" class="extiw" title="w:Pope Leo IV">Pope Leo IV</a> (790–855) who <a href="/wiki/order#Verb" title="order">ordered</a> the <a href="/wiki/build#Verb" title="build">building</a> of a <a href="/wiki/wall#Noun" title="wall">wall</a> around <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vatican_Hill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vatican Hill (page does not exist)">Vatican Hill</a> to <a href="/wiki/protect" title="protect">protect</a> what is now <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>. <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1712, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Montfaucon" class="extiw" title="w:Bernard de Montfaucon">[Bernard de] Montfaucon</a>, “The Nineteenth and Twentieth Days. […]”, in [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Henley_(preacher)" class="extiw" title="w:John Henley (preacher)">John Henley</a>?], transl., <cite>The Travels of the Learned Father Montfaucon from Paris thro’ Italy. [<span title="Containing I. An Account of Many Antiquities at Vienne, Arles, Nismes, and Marseilles in France. II. The Delights of Italy, viz. Libraries, Manuscripts, Statues, Paintings, Monuments, Tombs, Inscriptions, Epitaphs, Temples, Monasteries, Churches, Palces, and Other Curious Structures. III. Collections of Rarities, Wonderful Subterraneous Passages and Burial-places, Old Roads, Gates, &c. with the Description of a Noble Monument Found under Ground at Rome Anno M.DCC.II. Made English from the Paris Edition. Adorn’d with Cuts.">…]</cite>, London: […] D. L. for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Curll" class="extiw" title="w:Edmund Curll">E[dmund] Curll</a> […], E[gbert] Sanger […], R[obert] Gosling […], and W. Lewis […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/23643996">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iWUFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA319">page 319</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The Nineteenth and Tvventieth Days vvere ſpent in ſeeing the Monuments of the Leonine City, the Vatican Church, the Palace and Library.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_poetry">(<a href="/wiki/poetry" title="poetry">poetry</a>) Being or <a href="/wiki/relate" title="relate">relating</a> to a <a href="/wiki/kind#Noun" title="kind">kind</a> of <a href="/wiki/medieval#Adjective" title="medieval">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Latin#Adjective" title="Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/verse#Noun" title="verse">verse</a>, generally <a href="/wiki/alternate#Adjective" title="alternate">alternative</a> <a href="/wiki/hexameter" title="hexameter">hexameter</a> and <a href="/wiki/pentameter" title="pentameter">pentameter</a>, with <a href="/wiki/rhyme#Verb" title="rhyme">rhyming</a> at the <a href="/wiki/middle" title="middle">middle</a> and <a href="/wiki/end#Noun" title="end">end</a> of a <a href="/wiki/line#Noun" title="line">line</a> (that is, <a href="/wiki/internal_rhyme" title="internal rhyme">internal rhyme</a>); also (by extension), of or relating to <a href="/wiki/modern#Adjective" title="modern">modern</a> verse having internal rhyme. <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example">leonine rhyme</div></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1712, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_de_Montfaucon" class="extiw" title="w:Bernard de Montfaucon">[Bernard de] Montfaucon</a>, “My Journey to Siena; […]”, in [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Henley_(preacher)" class="extiw" title="w:John Henley (preacher)">John Henley</a>?], transl., <cite>The Travels of the Learned Father Montfaucon from Paris thro’ Italy. [<span title="Containing I. An Account of Many Antiquities at Vienne, Arles, Nismes, and Marseilles in France. II. The Delights of Italy, viz. Libraries, Manuscripts, Statues, Paintings, Monuments, Tombs, Inscriptions, Epitaphs, Temples, Monasteries, Churches, Palces, and Other Curious Structures. III. Collections of Rarities, Wonderful Subterraneous Passages and Burial-places, Old Roads, Gates, &c. with the Description of a Noble Monument Found under Ground at Rome Anno M.DCC.II. Made English from the Paris Edition. Adorn’d with Cuts.">…]</cite>, London: […] D. L. for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Curll" class="extiw" title="w:Edmund Curll">E[dmund] Curll</a> […], E[gbert] Sanger […], R[obert] Gosling […], and W. Lewis […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/23643996">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iWUFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA403">page 403</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">In the Church of St. Dominick is a ſmall Picture of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" class="extiw" title="w:Mary, mother of Jesus">Bleſſed Virgin</a>, vvith the Infant <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus" class="extiw" title="w:Jesus">JESUS</a> in her Arms, vvell painted, and yet, appears to have been done in the Iron Age of Painting and other Arts, by the follovving verses, vvrit under it. […] Theſe Leonine Verſes, as plainly appears by them, expreſs a Senſe contrary to the Intention of the VVriter.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#c." title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr></a> 1760–1761 (date written; published 1814), Thomas Gray, “[Essays. Metrum.] Observations on the Pseudo-Rhythmus.”, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Gosse" class="extiw" title="w:Edmund Gosse">Edmund Gosse</a>, editor, <cite>The Works of Thomas Gray in Prose and Verse. […]</cite>, volume I (Poems, Journals, and Essays), London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" class="extiw" title="w:Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan and Co.</a>, published 1884, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/752469618">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofthomasgr01gray/page/375/mode/1up">pages 374–375</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">Observe, that, if the date of this poem be true, the general opinion, that the Leonine verse owes its name to Leonius, seems to be false; […] It is not therefore very likely, as Leonius flourished in 1154, that he should give name to such Latin verses upwards of thirty years before. Indeed some people have thought that it was called after <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_II" class="extiw" title="w:Pope Leo II">Leo</a>, probably the Second, who lived in 684, a pope who is said to have reformed the hymns and the music of the church.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1837–1839, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hallam" class="extiw" title="w:Henry Hallam">Henry Hallam</a>, “On the General State of Literature in the Middle Ages to the End of the Fourteenth Century”, in <cite>Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries</cite>, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Murray_(publishing_house)" class="extiw" title="w:John Murray (publishing house)">John Murray</a>, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1010569041">→OCLC</a>, paragraph 84, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.nyp.33433066598628&view=1up&seq=148">page 100</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">[T]he Latin poetry, instead of Leonine rhymes, or attempts at regular hexameters almost equally bad, becomes, in the hands of Gunther, Gualterus de Insulis, Gulielmus Brito, and Joseph Iscanus, to whom a considerable number of names might be added, always tolerable, sometimes truly spirited; […]</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Alternative forms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonine#English" title="Leonine">Leonine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Derived terms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonine_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonine City (page does not exist)">Leonine City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_verse#English" title="Leonine verse">Leonine verse</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations_2">Translations</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-of_or_pertaining_to_one_of_the_popes_named_Leo"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">of or pertaining to one of the popes named Leo</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="of or pertaining to one of the popes named Leo"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Finnish: <a href="/wiki/Leo#Finnish" title="Leo">Leon</a> <a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/Leo" class="extiw" title="fi:Leo">(fi)</a></li> <li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-being_or_relating_to_a_kind_of_medieval_Latin_verse;_of_or_relating_to_modern_verse_having_internal_rhyme"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">being or relating to a kind of medieval Latin verse; of or relating to modern verse having internal rhyme</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="being or relating to a kind of medieval Latin verse; of or relating to modern verse having internal rhyme"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Finnish: <a href="/w/index.php?title=leoniininen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="leoniininen (page does not exist)">leoniininen</a></li> <li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun">Noun</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> leonine (plural <a href="/wiki/leonines#English" title="leonines">leonines</a>) <ol><li>(<a href="/wiki/poetry" title="poetry">poetry</a>) Chiefly in the <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural" title="Appendix:Glossary">plural</a>: synonym of <a href="/wiki/Leonine_verse#English" title="Leonine verse">Leonine verse</a> (“a <a href="/wiki/kind#Noun" title="kind">kind</a> of <a href="/wiki/medieval#Adjective" title="medieval">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Latin#Adjective" title="Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/verse#Noun" title="verse">verse</a>, generally <a href="/wiki/alternate#Adjective" title="alternate">alternative</a> <a href="/wiki/hexameter" title="hexameter">hexameter</a> and <a href="/wiki/pentameter" title="pentameter">pentameter</a>, with <a href="/wiki/rhyme#Verb" title="rhyme">rhyming</a> at the <a href="/wiki/middle" title="middle">middle</a> and <a href="/wiki/end#Noun" title="end">end</a> of a <a href="/wiki/line#Noun" title="line">line</a> (that is, <a href="/wiki/internal_rhyme" title="internal rhyme">internal rhyme</a>)”) <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1715, “Canto III”, in <cite>The Miller of Trompington: being an Exercise upon <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" class="extiw" title="w:Geoffrey Chaucer">Chaucer</a>’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Reeve%27s_Tale" class="extiw" title="w:The Reeve's Tale">Reeve’s Tale</a></cite>, London: […] Jonas Brown, […]; and sold by J[ames] Roberts […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/228679958">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5DF1neNTUT8C&pg=PA44">pages 44–45</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">A[llen]. The Clink of Syllables call'd Rymes, / Brought in ith' barb'rous Runick times, / To ſober Criticks ſeems to be / A paultry part of Poetry, / Becoming Monkiſh dull Divines, / VVho traded much in Leonines. / J[ohn]. Altho' to ſpoil I ſhould be ſorry, / An undergraduate Antiquary, / Yet I'll produce a Line or tvvo / Of Leonines in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero" class="extiw" title="w:Cicero">Cicero</a>, / Before the Monks long time ago.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1771 December, “Illustration of the Inscription on Sir W[illiam] Browne’s Monument. […] Continued from Our Last. The Notes.”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_and_Country_Magazine" class="extiw" title="w:Town and Country Magazine">The Town and Country Magazine; or, Universal Repository of Knowledge, Instruction, and Entertainment</a></cite>, volume III, London: […] A[rchibald] Hamilton Junr. […]; [a]nd sold by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Robinson_(bookseller)" class="extiw" title="w:George Robinson (bookseller)">Robinson and Roberts</a>, [<span title="No. 25, in Pater-noster-row; W. Cooke, at the Royal Exchange; I. Taylor, near the top of Chancery-Lane, Holborn; A. Clarke, at Manchester; T. Slack, at Newcastle; J. Williams, in Dublin; T. White, in Cork; R. Fleming, Edinburgh; and all other booksellers in Great-Britain and Ireland.">…], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1029652258">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bib_fict_3607824_3/page/648/mode/1up">page 648</a>, column 1:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">[F]rom the jingling of the Greek couplet juſt before, and ſimilar inſtances of his taſte, I am perſuaded Sir VVilliam intended theſe as Leonines perfect in their kind.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1835 March, “Art. V.— […] 4. Collection of English Proverbs of the Twelfth Century, Translated into Latin Leonines. MS. Trin. Coll. Camb. O. 2. 45. (Unpublished.) [book review]”, in <cite>Cochrane’s Foreign Quarterly Review</cite>, volume I, number II, London: Whittaker & Co. […]; Edinburgh: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cadell" class="extiw" title="w:Robert Cadell">Robert Cadell</a>, […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/1367734580">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cPoEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA395">page 395</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">The manuscript of Trinity College, Cambridge, which we have already mentioned, was written at the beginning of the thirteenth century, and the proverbs which it contains are translations into Latin leonines of some of the more popular English, and, in one or two instances, Norman proverbs of that time.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations_3">Translations</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="pseudo NavFrame" id="Translations-synonym_of_Leonine_verse"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">synonym of Leonine verse — see <a href="/wiki/Leonine_verse#Translations" title="Leonine verse">Leonine verse</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology 3</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Etymology 3">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing" title="Appendix:Glossary">Learned borrowing</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/leonina#Latin" title="leonina">leōnīna</a> + <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language" class="extiw" title="w:English language">English</a> <a href="/wiki/-ine#English" title="-ine">-ine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#suffix" title="Appendix:Glossary">suffix</a> meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). Leōnīna is a <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#feminine" title="Appendix:Glossary">feminine</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#singular" title="Appendix:Glossary">singular</a> form of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/leoninus#Latin" title="leoninus">leōnīnus</a> (see <a href="#Etymology_1">etymology 1</a>), and may refer to the use of a lion motif on the coin: see the 1787 quotation.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Noun_2">Noun</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Noun">edit</a>]</div> leonine (plural <a href="/wiki/leonines#English" title="leonines">leonines</a>) <ol><li>(<a href="/wiki/numismatics" title="numismatics">numismatics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#historical" title="Appendix:Glossary">historical</a>) A 13th-<a href="/wiki/century" title="century">century</a> <a href="/wiki/coin#Noun" title="coin">coin</a> <a href="/wiki/mint#Verb" title="mint">minted</a> in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/use#Verb" title="use">used</a> in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> as a <a href="/wiki/debased#Adjective" title="debased">debased</a> <a href="/wiki/form#Noun" title="form">form</a> of the <a href="/wiki/sterling_silver" title="sterling silver">sterling silver</a> <a href="/wiki/penny#Noun" title="penny">penny</a>; it was <a href="/wiki/outlaw#Verb" title="outlaw">outlawed</a> under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Edward I of England">Edward I</a> (<a href="/wiki/reign#Verb" title="reign">reigned</a> 1272–1307). <ul><li><div class="citation-whole">1577, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael_Holinshed" class="extiw" title="w:Raphael Holinshed">Raphaell Holinshed</a>, “Edward the Fyrste”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" class="extiw" title="w:Holinshed's Chronicles">The Laste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […]</a></cite>, volume II, London: […] for Iohn Hunne, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/265432180">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/firstevolumeofch02wolf/page/835/mode/1up">page 835</a>, column 2:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">In the eyghte and twentye yere of his raign in the Chriſtmaſſe ſeaſon Kyng <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Edward I of England">Edwarde</a> ſet foorth a proclamation, forbidding and prohibiting all foraine coine to bee receyued and payde as ſterling mony wythin his dominion, commaunding by the ſame proclamation, that two peeces of them ſhould go for one ſterlying, vntill the feaſt of Eaſtre. There were diuers moneyes in thoſe dayes currant wythin this realme, as Pollardes, Crocards, Staldinges, Egles, Leonines, Steepinges, and all theſe were white monyes, artificially made of ſiluer, copper, and ſulphur, ſo that it was an yll tyme for baſe moneyes, and muche choppyng and chaunging was vſed in buying and ſelling of thynges.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1642, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Coke" class="extiw" title="w:Edward Coke">Edw[ard] Coke</a>, “Stat. de Tallagio non Concedendo, Edit. Anno 34 Edw. I.”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Lawes_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Institutes of the Lawes of England">The Second Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England. […]</a></cite>, London: […] M[iles] Flesher, and R[obert] Young, for E[phraim] D[awson], <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Meighen" class="extiw" title="w:Richard Meighen">R[ichard] M[eighen]</a>, W[illiam] L[ee] and D[aniel] P[akeman], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/228722563">→OCLC</a>, chapter XX, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_1IzAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA577">page 577</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">[I]n the raign of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Edward I of England">E[dward] I.</a> there were divers white monies called Pollards, Crocards, Staldings, Eagles, Leonines, and Steepings artificially made of ſilver, copper, and ſulphur, and yet currant within the Realme; and for that two pieces of theſe monies were but of the value of one ſterling. King E. I. by his Proclamation utterly forbad the ſame.</div></dd></dl></div></li> <li><div class="citation-whole">1787, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Topham" class="extiw" title="w:John Topham">John Topham</a>, “Observations on the Wardrobe Account of the 28th Year of King Edward the First”, in <cite>Liber quotidianus contrarotulatoris garderobae. Anno regni regis Edwardi primi vicesimo octavo. A.D. MCCXCIX. & MCCC. […] [Daily Book of the Counter-roll of the Wardrobe. In the Twenty-eighth Year of the Reign of King Edward the First. A.D. 1299 & 1300. […]]</cite>, London: […] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nichols_(printer)" class="extiw" title="w:John Nichols (printer)">J[ohn] Nichols</a> […], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/913031323">→OCLC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WcU_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PR22">page xxii</a>:<dl><dd><div class="h-quotation">[M]oſt deceits and corruptions are found in this reign [of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" class="extiw" title="w:Edward I of England">Edward I of England</a>], vvhen there vvas imported (beſides clipped ſterlings) a ſort of light money vvith a mitre, another with a lion, a third of copper blanched in imitation of the Engliſh money, a fourth like that of King Edvvard, and a fifth kind that vvas plated, and others, knovvn by the name of Pollards, Crokards, Mitres, Lionines, Staldings, Steepings, Eagles and Roſarys, vvhich vvere coined in parts beyond the ſeas, and privately brought into the kingdom, and uttered here for ſterling, though not vvorth above an halfpenny.</div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Alternative_forms_2">Alternative forms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Alternative forms">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonine#English" title="Leonine">Leonine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/lionine#English" title="lionine">lionine</a> (obsolete)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations_4">Translations</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Translations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-13th-century_coin_used_in_England_as_a_debased_form_of_the_sterling_silver_penny"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">13th-century coin used in England as a debased form of the sterling silver penny</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="13th-century coin used in England as a debased form of the sterling silver penny"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Macedonian: please add this translation if you can</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MED-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MED_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MED_1-1">1.1</a> “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/dictionary/MED25152">leonīn(e, adj.</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English_Dictionary" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English Dictionary">MED Online</a></cite>, Ann Arbor, Mich.: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Michigan" class="extiw" title="w:University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/8473421316">leonine, adj.1</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary#Electronic_versions" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford English Dictionary">OED Online</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Lock-red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/8px-Lock-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/12px-Lock-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/16px-Lock-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a>⁠</cite>, Oxford: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, September 2023; “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/https://www.lexico.com/definition/leonine">leonine1, adj.</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexico" class="extiw" title="w:Lexico">Lexico</a></cite>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary.com" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2019–2022. </li> <li id="cite_note-OED-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-OED_3-0">3.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OED_3-1">3.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OED_3-2">3.2</a> “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/9999965501">leonine, adj.2 and n.2</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary#Electronic_versions" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford English Dictionary">OED Online</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Lock-red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/8px-Lock-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/12px-Lock-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/16px-Lock-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a>⁠</cite>, Oxford: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, July 2023; “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/https://www.lexico.com/definition/leonine">Leonine2, adj.</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexico" class="extiw" title="w:Lexico">Lexico</a></cite>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary.com" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2019–2022. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"> ^ </a> “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/3829011770">† Leonine, n.1</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary#Electronic_versions" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford English Dictionary">OED Online</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Lock-red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/8px-Lock-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/12px-Lock-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/16px-Lock-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a>⁠</cite>, Oxford: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, September 2023. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine_(coin)" title="w:leonine (coin)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine_(coin)" class="extiw" title="w:leonine (coin)">leonine (coin)</a> on Wikipedia.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine_(coin)" class="extiw" title="w:leonine (coin)">Wikipedia </a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonine_verse" title="w:Leonine verse"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonine_verse" class="extiw" title="w:Leonine verse">Leonine verse</a> on Wikipedia.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonine_verse" class="extiw" title="w:Leonine verse">Wikipedia </a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine" title="w:leonine"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine" class="extiw" title="w:leonine">leonine (disambiguation)</a> on Wikipedia.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/leonine" class="extiw" title="w:leonine">Wikipedia </a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams">Anagrams</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Anagrams">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noeline#English" title="Noeline">Noeline</a>, <a href="/wiki/neoline#English" title="neoline">neoline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Italian">Italian</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Italian">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjective_3">Adjective</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Adjective">edit</a>]</div> leonine <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#gender" title="Appendix:Glossary">feminine</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural_number" title="Appendix:Glossary">plural</a> of <a href="/wiki/leonino#Italian" title="leonino">leonino</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latin">Latin</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Latin">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjective_4">Adjective</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=leonine&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Adjective">edit</a>]</div> leōnīne <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#vocative_case" title="Appendix:Glossary">vocative</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#gender" title="Appendix:Glossary">masculine</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#singular_number" title="Appendix:Glossary">singular</a> of <a href="/wiki/leoninus#Latin" title="leoninus">leōnīnus</a></li></ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/leonine" title="leonine – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="leonine" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 November 2024, at 22:25.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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