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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Filosofi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filosofi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Implementasjonar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementasjonar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Implementasjonar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Implementasjonar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Implementasjonar</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Implementasjonar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lisensiering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lisensiering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lisensiering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lisensiering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eigenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eigenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eigenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eigenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moglege_overraskingar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moglege_overraskingar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Moglege overraskingar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moglege_overraskingar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Døme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Døme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Døme</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Døme-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Døme</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Døme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Lister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blokker_og_iteratorar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blokker_og_iteratorar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Blokker og iteratorar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blokker_og_iteratorar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klassar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klassar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Klassar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klassar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hello_World" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hello_World"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Hello World</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hello_World-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kjelder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kjelder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Kjelder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kjelder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bakgrunnsstoff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innhaldsliste" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruby</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 74 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programmeringssprog)" title="Ruby (programmeringssprog) – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ruby (programmeringssprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A9)" title="روبي (لغة برمجة) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبي (لغة برمجة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengache_de_programaci%C3%B3n_Ruby" title="Luengache de programación Ruby – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengache de programación Ruby" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="روبی – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روبی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE)" title="রুবি (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা) – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রুবি (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programski_jezik)" title="Ruby (programski jezik) – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ruby (programski jezik)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(Programmiersprache)" title="Ruby (Programmiersprache) – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ruby (Programmiersprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programmeerimiskeel)" title="Ruby (programmeerimiskeel) – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ruby (programmeerimiskeel)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language) – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ruby (programming language)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programlingvo)" title="Ruby (programlingvo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ruby (programlingvo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_(%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C)" title="روبی (زبان برنامه‌نویسی) – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روبی (زبان برنامه‌نویسی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%B9%84_(%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D_%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4)" title="루비 (프로그래밍 언어) – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루비 (프로그래밍 언어)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language) – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ruby (programming language)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(%D5%AE%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82)" title="Ruby (ծրագրավորման լեզու) – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ruby (ծրագրավորման լեզու)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programski_jezik)" title="Ruby (programski jezik) – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ruby (programski jezik)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programifo-linguo)" title="Ruby (programifo-linguo) – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ruby (programifo-linguo)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(bahasa_pemrograman)" title="Ruby (bahasa pemrograman) – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ruby (bahasa pemrograman)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(linguage_de_programmation)" title="Ruby (linguage de programmation) – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ruby (linguage de programmation)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" title="Ruby (linguaggio di programmazione) – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ruby (linguaggio di programmazione)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="რუბი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რუბი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programoz%C3%A1si_nyelv)" title="Ruby (programozási nyelv) – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ruby (programozási nyelv)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF_(%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7)" title="റൂബി (പ്രോഗ്രാമിങ് ഭാഷ) – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റൂബി (പ്രോഗ്രാമിങ് ഭാഷ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_(%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE)" title="रुबी (आज्ञावली भाषा) – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रुबी (आज्ञावली भाषा)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language) – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Ruby (programming language)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programmeertaal)" title="Ruby (programmeertaal) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ruby (programmeertaal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%80_(%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%82_%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE)" title="ରୁବୀ (ପ୍ରୋଗ୍ରାମିଂ ଭାଷା) – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରୁବୀ (ପ୍ରୋଗ୍ରାମିଂ ଭାଷା)" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80_(%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE)" title="ਰੂਬੀ (ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮਿੰਗ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ) – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੂਬੀ (ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮਿੰਗ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_(%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="روبی (پروگرامنگ زبان) – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روبی (پروگرامنگ زبان)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(j%C4%99zyk_programowania)" title="Ruby (język programowania) – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruby (język programowania)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(linguagem_de_programa%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" title="Ruby (linguagem de programação) – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ruby (linguagem de programação)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(gjuh%C3%AB_programimi)" title="Ruby (gjuhë programimi) – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ruby (gjuhë programimi)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language) – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ruby (programming language)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programovac%C3%AD_jazyk)" title="Ruby (programovací jazyk) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ruby (programovací jazyk)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="ڕووبی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕووبی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Ruby (програмски језик) – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ruby (програмски језик)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programski_jezik)" title="Ruby (programski jezik) – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ruby (programski jezik)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF_(%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF)" title="ரூபி (நிரலாக்க மொழி) – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரூபி (நிரலாக்க மொழி)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5)" title="Ruby (программа тәэминатын тасвирлау теле) – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ruby (программа тәэминатын тасвирлау теле)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF_(%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7)" title="రూబి (కంప్యూటర్ భాష) – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రూబి (కంప్యూటర్ భాష)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5" title="ภาษารูบี – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษารูบี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_(%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="روبی (پروگرامنگ زبان) – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روبی (پروگرامنگ زبان)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_l%E1%BA%ADp_tr%C3%ACnh)" title="Ruby (ngôn ngữ lập trình) – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ruby (ngôn ngữ lập trình)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="Ruby 程式語言 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Ruby 程式語言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Ruby" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161053#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Vis innhaldssida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Ruby" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innhaldssida [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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decoding="async" width="64" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ruby_logo.svg/96px-Ruby_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ruby_logo.svg/128px-Ruby_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="198" /></a></span><br /> </td></tr><tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" align="center" style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><th style="">Utviklar</th><td class="" style="">Yukihiro Matsumoto</td></tr><tr><th style="">Utgjeve</th><td class="" style="">1995<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-704b1d4eec9eb80710955e5a95b6e395ee213027-v4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-704b1d4eec9eb80710955e5a95b6e395ee213027-v4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="">Nyaste versjon</th><td class="" style="">3.4.2 <span style="font-size:85%">(14. februar 2025)</span><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-7a4307580647bcddb98e53177b3bdcc3177df1ca-v4_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-7a4307580647bcddb98e53177b3bdcc3177df1ca-v4-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style=""><a href="/wiki/Operativsystem" title="Operativsystem">Operativsystem</a></th><td class="" style="">Microsoft Windows, Linux, BSD, macOS</td></tr><tr><th style=""><a href="/wiki/Programmeringsspr%C3%A5k" title="Programmeringsspråk">Skriven i</a></th><td class="" style="">C</td></tr><tr><th style="">Type</th><td class="" style="">programmering, creating, analyse, webutvikling</td></tr><tr><th style="">Lisens</th><td class="" style="">Ruby License, GPLv2, 2-clause BSD License</td></tr><tr><th style="">Nettstad</th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ruby-lang.org/">https://www.ruby-lang.org/</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Ruby_helloworld.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ruby_helloworld.png/220px-Ruby_helloworld.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Ruby_helloworld.png 1.5x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>Hello World-program i Ruby (kan gjerast enklare)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ruby</b> er eit <a href="/wiki/Objektorientert_programmering" title="Objektorientert programmering">objektorientert</a> <a href="/wiki/Programmeringsspr%C3%A5k" title="Programmeringsspråk">programmeringsspråk</a>. Det kombinerer syntaks inspirert av <a href="/wiki/Programmeringsspr%C3%A5ket_Ada" title="Programmeringsspråket Ada">Ada</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeringsspr%C3%A5k)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perl (programmeringsspråk) (sida finst ikkje)">Perl</a> med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smalltalk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smalltalk (sida finst ikkje)">Smalltalk</a> sine objektorienterte eigenskapar. Det deler òg eigenskapar med <a href="/wiki/Python" title="Python">Python</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisp" title="Lisp">Lisp</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=CLU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CLU (sida finst ikkje)">CLU</a>. Det vart opphavleg utforma som eit tolka programmeringsspråk, men i si JRuby-utgåve kan det bli kompilert. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Språket vart etablert av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yukihiro_Matsumoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yukihiro Matsumoto (sida finst ikkje)">Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto</a> som starta jobben med Ruby den 24. februar 1993 og lanserte det i 1995. Namnet Ruby vart valt for å peike på arven etter Perl. I følgje forfattaren vart Ruby utforma for å følgje eit prinsipp om <i>den minste overraskinga</i>. Med dette meiner han at språket skal vere fri for feller og inkonsistensar som pregar andre språk. I desember 2004 var siste stabile versjon 1.8.2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filosofi">Filosofi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Filosofi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Filosofi"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ruby er objektorientert: Alle bitar av data er eit objekt. Dette omfattar typar andre språk ofte definerer som primitive datatypar, slik som til dømes integer. Kvar funksjon er ein metode. Alle variablar er ein referanse til eit objekt, ikkje til objektet sjølv. Ruby støttar arv og import av modular som såkalla <i>MixIn</i> (å endre delar av funksjonaliteten i ein klasse). Prosedyre-syntaks er inkludert, men alle slike prosedyrar skrivne utanfor ein sjølvdefinert klasse blir gjort på klassen av type Object. Sidan denne klassen er forelder til alle andre klassar, blir slike prosedyrar synlege for alle klassar og objekt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementasjonar">Implementasjonar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Implementasjonar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Implementasjonar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ruby har to hovudimplementasjonar: Den offisielle Ruby-tolkaren, som er den mest utbreidde, og JRuby, som er ein <a href="/wiki/Programmeringsspr%C3%A5ket_Java" title="Programmeringsspråket Java">Java</a>-basert implementasjon. </p><p>Ruby har òg vorte brukt til rammeverk for utvikling av tynne klienter for verdsveven, t.d. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby_on_rails&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruby on rails (sida finst ikkje)">Ruby on rails</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lisensiering">Lisensiering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Lisensiering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Lisensiering"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ruby blir distribuert under <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a> og Ruby License.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenskaper">Eigenskaper</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Eigenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eigenskaper"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Objektorientert_programmering" title="Objektorientert programmering">objektorientert</a></li> <li>Avvikshåndtering</li> <li>Iteratorar</li> <li>Å sende blokker av kode som parameter (<i>closure</i>)</li> <li>Overstyring av operatorar</li> <li>Automatisk fjerning av objekt som ikkje lenger er i bruk (<i>garbage collection</i>)</li> <li>Fleirtrådshandtering</li> <li>Lasting av DLL-bibliotek (under <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>)</li> <li><i>Introspection</i> og <i>reflection</i>.</li> <li>Stort standard bibliotek.</li> <li>Støttar innsetting av avhengigheiter.</li></ul> <p>Per dags dato manglar Ruby støtte for <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, men har delvis støtte for <a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moglege_overraskingar">Moglege overraskingar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Moglege overraskingar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Moglege overraskingar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sjølv om Ruby er utforma etter prinsippet om <i>den minste overraskinga</i> er det store skilnader frå andre språk som <a href="/wiki/C_(programmeringsspr%C3%A5k)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (programmeringsspråk)">C</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl_(programmeringsspr%C3%A5k)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perl (programmeringsspråk) (sida finst ikkje)">Perl</a>. </p> <ul><li>Lokale variablar må ha namn som startar med små bokstav, elles blir dei betrakta som konstantar.</li> <li>0, "" og [] er sant (true): I C blir uttrykket 0 ? 1: 0 tolka som 0. I Ruby blir dette tolka som 1. Forsvar: I Ruby returnerer mange uttrykk anten ein numerisk verdi, ein streng eller “null”. Når ein slik verdi blir tolka i ein boolsk samanheng blir berre ”null” tolka som usann (false). Kvar numerisk, streng eller array-verdi inkludert null (0, tom streng, "", eller array []) blir tolka som sann (true). Difor, som i Java, vil det ikkje fungere med C- og Perl sin automatiske konvertering av numeriske verdiar, strengar og array til boolsk usann.</li> <li>For å indikere flyttal er det ikkje nok å legge til eit punktum (99.). Fordi nummer kan forvekslast med metodar må ein legge til ein ekstra null (99.0) eller gje opp konverteringa eksplisitt (99.to_f).</li> <li>Der er ingen karakter datatype. Dette kan føre til uventa resultat ved kutting av strengar: ”abc”[0] gir 97 som er den numeriske <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII-koden</a> for den første karakteren i strengen.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Døme"><span id="D.C3.B8me"></span>Døme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Døme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Døme"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eit grunnleggande døme: </p> <pre># Alt er objekt -199.abs # 199 "ruby is cool".length # 12 "Rick".index("c") # 2 "Nice Day Isn't It?".split(//).uniq.sort.join # " '?DINaceinsty" </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lister">Lister</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Endre bolk: Lister" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Lister"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eit array: </p> <pre>a =[1, 'hi', 3.14, 1, 2, [4, 5]] a[2] # 3.14 a.reverse # [[4, 5], 2, 1, 3.14, "hi", 1] a.flatten.uniq # [1, "hi", 3.14, 2, 4, 5] </pre> <p>Ein hash-tabell: </p> <pre>hash = {'water' => 'wet', 'fire' => 'hot'} puts hash['fire'] hash.each_pair do |key, value| puts "#{key} is #{value}" end # Skriv ut: water is wet # fire is hot hash.delete_if {|key, value| key == 'water'} # Slettar 'water' => 'wet' </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blokker_og_iteratorar">Blokker og iteratorar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Endre bolk: Blokker og iteratorar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Blokker og iteratorar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To måtar å opprette ei kodeblokk: </p> <pre>{puts "Hello, World!"} </pre> <pre>do puts "Hello, World!" end </pre> <p>Sende ei blokk som parameter (closure): </p> <pre>def remember &p @block =p end # Sender med ei kodeblokk som parameter og gir den eit namn remember {|name| puts "Hello, " + name + "!"} # Når tida er inne -- kall closure! @block.call("Johnny") # Prints "Hello, Johnny!" </pre> <p>Iterere over array og enumeratorar: </p> <pre>a =[1, 'hi', 3.14] a.each {|item| puts item} # Skriv ut kvart element (3..6).each {|num| puts num} # Skriv ut 1 -6. </pre> <p>Blokker fungerer med mange innebygde metodar: </p> <pre>IO.readlines('file.txt') do |line| # gjer noko med linja her. end </pre> <p>Kvadrere 1 til 10: </p> <pre>(1..10).collect {|x| x*x} => [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100] </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klassar">Klassar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Endre bolk: Klassar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klassar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Følgjande kode definerer klassen Person. I tillegg til ’initialize’, den vanlege konstruktøren, har klassen to metodar: Ein for å overstyre <=>-operatoren for å sortere etter alder. Den andre overstyre <code>to_s</code> for å få korrekt formatering. </p> <pre>class Person def initialize(name, age) @name, @age = name, age end def <=>(person) @age <=> person.age end def to_s "#{@name} (#{@age})" end attr_reader :name, :age end group = [ Person.new("John", 20), Person.new("Markus", 63), Person.new("Ash", 16) ] puts group.sort.reverse </pre> <p>Koden over skriv ut ei liste sortert med den eldste først: </p> <pre>Markus (63) John (20) Ash (16) </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hello_World">Hello World</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Endre bolk: Hello World" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Hello World"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <pre>puts "<a href="/wiki/Hello_World" title="Hello World">Hello World</a>!" </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kjelder">Kjelder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Endre bolk: Kjelder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kjelder"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3318915">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-704b1d4eec9eb80710955e5a95b6e395ee213027-v4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-704b1d4eec9eb80710955e5a95b6e395ee213027-v4_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/">https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-7a4307580647bcddb98e53177b3bdcc3177df1ca-v4-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-7a4307580647bcddb98e53177b3bdcc3177df1ca-v4_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2025/02/14/ruby-3-4-2-released/">«Ruby 3.4.2 Released»</a>. 14. februar 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Henta 15. februar 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ARuby&rft.btitle=Ruby+3.4.2+Released&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruby-lang.org%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2025%2F02%2F14%2Fruby-3-4-2-released%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/LICENSE.txt">License</a> i ruby-lang.org<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daude_eksterne_lenkjer" title="Wikipedia:Daude eksterne lenkjer">daud lenkje</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruby&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> har multimedium som gjeld: <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ruby_programming_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ruby programming language">Ruby</a></b> </div></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ruby-lang.org/">Offisiell nettstad</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161053#P856" title="Endra lenkja på Wikidata"><img alt="Endra lenkja på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubycentral.com/book/"><i>Programming Ruby</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040926003428/http://www.rubycentral.com/book/">Arkivert</a> 2004-09-26 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.—Full tekst av bok av David Thomas & Andrew Hunt, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0201710897" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-201-71089-7</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poignantguide.net/ruby/">Why's Poignant Guide to Ruby</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubygarden.org/iowa/faqtotum">Ruby Ofte stilte spørsmål</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040810215035/http://www.rubygarden.org/iowa/faqtotum">Arkivert</a> 2004-08-10 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., eller <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubycentral.com/faq/rubyfaqall.html">den gamle versjonen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060423011813/http://www.rubycentral.com/faq/rubyfaqall.html">Arkivert</a> 2006-04-23 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://raa.ruby-lang.org/">Ruby Application Archive</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130805082318/http://raa.ruby-lang.org/">Arkivert</a> 2013-08-05 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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