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vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-背景" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#背景"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 背景 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-背景-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关背景子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-背景-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-以色列对哈马斯的政策" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列对哈马斯的政策"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 以色列对哈马斯的政策 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列对哈马斯的政策-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-哈馬斯的動機" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#哈馬斯的動機"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 哈馬斯的動機 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-哈馬斯的動機-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023年局部升級" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023年局部升級"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 2023年局部升級 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023年局部升級-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伊朗对哈马斯的援助" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伊朗对哈马斯的援助"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 伊朗对哈马斯的援助 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-伊朗对哈马斯的援助-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-經過" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#經過"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 經過 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-經過-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关經過子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-經過-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-10月7日襲擊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#10月7日襲擊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 10月7日襲擊 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-10月7日襲擊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-命令平民撤離加沙北部" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#命令平民撤離加沙北部"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 命令平民撤離加沙北部 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-命令平民撤離加沙北部-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.4 拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他對抗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他對抗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 其他對抗 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-其他對抗-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关其他對抗子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-其他對抗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-以色列-黎巴嫩邊境" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列-黎巴嫩邊境"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 以色列-黎巴嫩邊境 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列-黎巴嫩邊境-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-廣義黎凡特地區" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#廣義黎凡特地區"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 廣義黎凡特地區 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-廣義黎凡特地區-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-胡希運動參與紅海周邊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#胡希運動參與紅海周邊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 胡希運動參與紅海周邊 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-胡希運動參與紅海周邊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-約旦河西岸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#約旦河西岸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 約旦河西岸 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-約旦河西岸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-叙利亚" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#叙利亚"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 叙利亚 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-叙利亚-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伊朗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伊朗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 伊朗 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-伊朗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-傷亡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#傷亡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 傷亡 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-傷亡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-戰爭罪行" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戰爭罪行"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 戰爭罪行 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-戰爭罪行-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各方反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各方反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 各方反應 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-各方反應-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关各方反應子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-各方反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-美国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 美国 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-以色列反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 以色列反應 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-紧急联合政府" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#紧急联合政府"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 紧急联合政府 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-紧急联合政府-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-巴勒斯坦反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#巴勒斯坦反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 巴勒斯坦反應 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-巴勒斯坦反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-巴勒斯坦自治政府" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#巴勒斯坦自治政府"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.1 巴勒斯坦自治政府 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-巴勒斯坦自治政府-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-加薩走廊政府" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#加薩走廊政府"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.2 加薩走廊政府 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-加薩走廊政府-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-哈瑪斯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#哈瑪斯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.2.1 哈瑪斯 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-哈瑪斯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-國際反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#國際反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 國際反應 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-國際反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-聯合國反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#聯合國反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.1 聯合國反應 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-聯合國反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-聯合國大會" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#聯合國大會"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.2 聯合國大會 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-聯合國大會-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-聯合國安理會" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#聯合國安理會"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.3 聯合國安理會 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-聯合國安理會-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-联合国人权理事会" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#联合国人权理事会"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.4 联合国人权理事会 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-联合国人权理事会-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界卫生组织" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界卫生组织"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4.5 世界卫生组织 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界卫生组织-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 影响 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-影响-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关影响子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 教育 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-示威或支持行動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#示威或支持行動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 示威或支持行動 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-示威或支持行動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 外交影響 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外交影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-阿拉伯国家" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阿拉伯国家"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1 阿拉伯国家 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阿拉伯国家-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-俄罗斯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#俄罗斯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.2 俄罗斯 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-俄罗斯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界经济影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界经济影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 世界经济影响 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界经济影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分析" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分析"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 分析 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分析-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关分析子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-分析-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-以色列情報失敗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列情報失敗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 以色列情報失敗 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列情報失敗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-媒體報導" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#媒體報導"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 媒體報導 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-媒體報導-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关媒體報導子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-媒體報導-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-虛假資訊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#虛假資訊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 虛假資訊 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-虛假資訊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-社群媒體公司的審查" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#社群媒體公司的審查"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1.1 社群媒體公司的審查 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-社群媒體公司的審查-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-以色列禁止半島電視台" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#以色列禁止半島電視台"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1.2 以色列禁止半島電視台 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-以色列禁止半島電視台-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 参见 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 註釋 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 参考文献 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 外部链接 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-导航" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#导航"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 导航 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-导航-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">以色列—哈馬斯戰爭</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。85种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" > 85种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel-Hamas-oorlog" title="Israel-Hamas-oorlog – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Israel-Hamas-oorlog" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_(2023_%E2%80%93_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%86)" title="الحرب الفلسطينية الإسرائيلية (2023 – الآن) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحرب الفلسطينية الإسرائيلية (2023 – الآن)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%AF_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%88_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1_2023" title="لمطايفة د غزة و إسرائيل د أكتوبر 2023 – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمطايفة د غزة و إسرائيل د أكتوبر 2023" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_2023" title="حرب اسرائيل و حماس 2023 – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حرب اسرائيل و حماس 2023" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C6%8FMAS%E2%80%93%C4%B0srail_m%C3%BCharib%C9%99si" title="HƏMAS–İsrail müharibəsi – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="HƏMAS–İsrail müharibəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%86%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%A1" title="Вайна Ізраіля з ХАМАС – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вайна Ізраіля з ХАМАС" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%B7_%D0%86%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%B7_2023)" title="Вайна ХАМАСу з Ізраілем (з 2023) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вайна ХАМАСу з Ізраілем (з 2023)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%89%D1%83_%E2%80%9E%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%E2%80%9C" title="Война на Израел срещу „Хамас“ – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Война на Израел срещу „Хамас“" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E2%80%93%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_2023" title="इजराइल–हमास जुद्ध 2023 – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इजराइल–हमास जुद्ध 2023" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E2%80%93%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="ইসরায়েল–হামাস যুদ্ধ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসরায়েল–হামাস যুদ্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%A2%E0%BC%A0%E0%BC%A2%E0%BC%A3%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82" title="༢༠༢༣ལོའི་ཨེ་སི་རལ་དང་ཧ་མ་སི་བར་གྱི་འཐབ་འཁྲུག – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="༢༠༢༣ལོའི་ཨེ་སི་རལ་དང་ཧ་མ་སི་བར་གྱི་འཐབ་འཁྲུག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_entre_Israel_i_Gaza_de_2023" title="Guerra entre Israel i Gaza de 2023 – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guerra entre Israel i Gaza de 2023" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%82%D3%80o%D0%BC_(2023_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="ГӀаззехь тӀoм (2023 дуьйна) – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ГӀаззехь тӀoм (2023 дуьйна)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88_%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="شەڕی ئیسرائیل و حەماس – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەڕی ئیسرائیل و حەماس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1lka_Izraele_s_Ham%C3%A1sem" title="Válka Izraele s Hamásem – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Válka Izraele s Hamásem" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyfel_Gaza_(2023%E2%80%9224)" title="Rhyfel Gaza (2023‒24) – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhyfel Gaza (2023‒24)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazakrigen_2023-nu" title="Gazakrigen 2023-nu – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gazakrigen 2023-nu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krieg_in_Israel_und_Gaza_seit_2023" title="Krieg in Israel und Gaza seit 2023 – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Krieg in Israel und Gaza seit 2023" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%A9%DE%8D%DE%B0%E2%80%93%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%90%DE%B0_%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%A6" title="އިސްރާއީލް–ހަމާސް ހަނގުރާމަ – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިސްރާއީލް–ހަމާސް ހަނގުރާމަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%82-%CE%99%CF%83%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%AE%CE%BB" title="Πόλεμος Χαμάς-Ισραήλ – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πόλεμος Χαμάς-Ισραήλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Israel–Hamas war" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel-hamasa_milito_de_2023" title="Israel-hamasa milito de 2023 – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Israel-hamasa milito de 2023" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Israel-Gaza_(2023-presente)" title="Guerra Israel-Gaza (2023-presente) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guerra Israel-Gaza (2023-presente)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iisraeli-%E1%B8%A8am%C4%81si_s%C3%B5da" title="Iisraeli-Ḩamāsi sõda – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iisraeli-Ḩamāsi sõda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023-2024ko_Israel-Palestina_gerra" title="2023-2024ko Israel-Palestina gerra – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2023-2024ko Israel-Palestina gerra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="جنگ اسرائیل و حماس – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ اسرائیل و حماس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazan_sota_2023%E2%80%93" title="Gazan sota 2023– – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gazan sota 2023–" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerre_Isra%C3%ABl-Hamas_(depuis_2023)" title="Guerre Israël-Hamas (depuis 2023) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guerre Israël-Hamas (depuis 2023)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogadh_Iosrael-Gaza" title="Cogadh Iosrael-Gaza – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cogadh Iosrael-Gaza" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflito_israel%C3%AD-palestino_de_2023" title="Conflito israelí-palestino de 2023 – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Conflito israelí-palestino de 2023" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%9C" title="מלחמת חרבות ברזל – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלחמת חרבות ברזל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="2023 इज़राइल-हमास युद्ध – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="2023 इज़राइल-हमास युद्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat_Izraela_i_Hamasa_(2023._-_)" title="Rat Izraela i Hamasa (2023. - ) – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rat Izraela i Hamasa (2023. - )" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023-as_Izrael%E2%80%93Ham%C3%A1sz-h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="2023-as Izrael–Hamász-háború – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2023-as Izrael–Hamász-háború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A1-%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4_(2023-2024)" title="Իսրայելա-պաղեստինյան պատերազմ (2023-2024) – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսրայելա-պաղեստինյան պատերազմ (2023-2024)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas" title="Perang Israel–Hamas – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Israel–Hamas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milito_di_Israel_kontre_Hamas" title="Milito di Israel kontre Hamas – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Milito di Israel kontre Hamas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C3%AD%C3%B0_%C3%8Dsraels_og_Hamas_2023%E2%80%93" title="Stríð Ísraels og Hamas 2023– – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stríð Ísraels og Hamas 2023–" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Israele-Hamas" title="Guerra Israele-Hamas – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guerra Israele-Hamas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E3%83%91%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%81%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89" title="2023年パレスチナ・イスラエル戦争 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2023年パレスチナ・イスラエル戦争" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konflik_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_2023" title="Konflik Gaza−Israel 2023 – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Konflik Gaza−Israel 2023" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_(2023)" title="ისრაელ-ჰამასის ომი (2023) – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისრაელ-ჰამასის ომი (2023)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%E2%88%92%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D1%81%D0%BE%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Израиль−Хамас соғысы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Израиль−Хамас соғысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98-%ED%95%98%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" title="이스라엘-하마스 전쟁 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이스라엘-하마스 전쟁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="2023 اسرائیل-حماس جنگ – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="2023 اسرائیل-حماس جنگ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eer%C3%AA_%C3%8Esra%C3%AAl_%C3%BB_Hemas" title="Şerê Îsraêl û Hemas – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şerê Îsraêl û Hemas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellum_Isra%C3%ABlianum-Hamasianum_anni_2023" title="Bellum Israëlianum-Hamasianum anni 2023 – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bellum Israëlianum-Hamasianum anni 2023" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreeg_Hamas-Isra%C3%ABl_(2023-2024)" title="Kreeg Hamas-Israël (2023-2024) – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kreeg Hamas-Israël (2023-2024)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Gaza" title="Guerra de Gaza – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Guerra de Gaza" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izraelio%E2%80%93Hamas_karas" title="Izraelio–Hamas karas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Izraelio–Hamas karas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izra%C4%93las%E2%80%94Ham%C4%81s_kar%C5%A1_(kop%C5%A1_2023._gada)" title="Izraēlas—Hamās karš (kopš 2023. gada) – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Izraēlas—Hamās karš (kopš 2023. gada)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parang_Israel%E2%88%92Hamas" title="Parang Israel−Hamas – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Parang Israel−Hamas" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_(2023)" title="Израелско-палестинска војна (2023) – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Израелско-палестинска војна (2023)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="इस्रायल-हमास युद्ध – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्रायल-हमास युद्ध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Israel%E2%80%93Palestin" title="Perang Israel–Palestin – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang Israel–Palestin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="اسراییل و حماس جنگ – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اسراییل و حماس جنگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2%E2%80%93%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7,_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A9" title="इजरायल–हमास युद्ध, सन् २०२३ – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इजरायल–हमास युद्ध, सन् २०२३" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oorlog_Hamas-Isra%C3%ABl" title="Oorlog Hamas-Israël – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oorlog Hamas-Israël" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krigen_i_Gaza_2023%E2%80%932024" title="Krigen i Gaza 2023–2024 – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Krigen i Gaza 2023–2024" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E2%80%93%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7" title="ਇਜ਼ਰਾਇਲ–ਹਮਾਸ ਯੁੱਧ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਜ਼ਰਾਇਲ–ਹਮਾਸ ਯੁੱਧ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojna_Izraela_z_Hamasem" title="Wojna Izraela z Hamasem – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wojna Izraela z Hamasem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Israel-Hamas" title="Guerra Israel-Hamas – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guerra Israel-Hamas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Israel-Hamas" title="Războiul Israel-Hamas – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Războiul Israel-Hamas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5_(%D1%81_2023)" title="Война в Газе (с 2023) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Война в Газе (с 2023)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="اسرائيل حماس جنگ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسرائيل حماس جنگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88_%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E2%80%93%E1%80%95%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B5%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8" title="လွင်ႈသုၵ်ႉယုင်ႈ ဢိတ်ႇသရေး–ပႃးလဵတ်ႈသတၢႆး – 掸语" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လွင်ႈသုၵ်ႉယုင်ႈ ဢိတ်ႇသရေး–ပႃးလဵတ်ႈသတၢႆး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="掸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Israel–Hamas war" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufta_Izrael-Hamas" title="Lufta Izrael-Hamas – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lufta Izrael-Hamas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Рат Израела и Хамаса – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рат Израела и Хамаса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Isra%C3%A9l%E2%88%92Hamas_2023" title="Perang Israél−Hamas 2023 – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Perang Israél−Hamas 2023" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriget_mellan_Hamas_och_Israel_(p%C3%A5g%C3%A5ende_sedan_2023)" title="Kriget mellan Hamas och Israel (pågående sedan 2023) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kriget mellan Hamas och Israel (pågående sedan 2023)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுரேல்-ஹமாஸ் போர் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுரேல்-ஹமாஸ் போர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_2023_%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE-%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%98%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A3" title="అక్టోబర్ 2023 గాజా-ఇజ్రాయెల్ ఘర్షణ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అక్టోబర్ 2023 గాజా-ఇజ్రాయెల్ ఘర్షణ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E2%80%93%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA" title="สงครามอิสราเอล–ฮะมาส – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามอิสราเอล–ฮะมาส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digmaang_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_ng_2023" title="Digmaang Israel–Hamas ng 2023 – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Digmaang Israel–Hamas ng 2023" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas-%C4%B0srail_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Hamas-İsrail Savaşı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hamas-İsrail Savaşı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B6_%D0%86%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Війна між Ізраїлем та Хамасом – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Війна між Ізраїлем та Хамасом" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isroil%E2%80%93Hamas_urushi" title="Isroil–Hamas urushi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Isroil–Hamas urushi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_Israel_%E2%80%93_Hamas" title="Chiến tranh Israel – Hamas – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến tranh Israel – Hamas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guere_di_Gaza_(2023-2024)" title="Guere di Gaza (2023-2024) – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Guere di Gaza (2023-2024)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="以色列—哈馬斯戰爭 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="以色列—哈馬斯戰爭" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90_(2023)" title="ისრაელ-ჰამასიშ ლჷმა (2023) – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისრაელ-ჰამასიშ ლჷმა (2023)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%92" title="2023 ישראל-כאמאס קריג – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="2023 ישראל-כאמאס קריג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%89_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D_%E2%B4%B7_%E2%B5%83%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99_(2023)" title="ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵃⴰⵎⴰⵙ (2023) – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵢⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵃⴰⵎⴰⵙ (2023)" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ 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data-noteta-code="zh-cn:盾牌;zh-tw:阿斯皮斯;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a>此條目介紹的是此條目介紹的是關於哈瑪斯執政的加薩走廊和以色列正在進行的戰爭。关于有關更廣泛的哈瑪斯執政的加薩走廊與以色列衝突，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="加薩—以色列衝突">加薩—以色列衝突</a>」。关于關於10月7日的襲擊，请见「<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="2023年哈瑪斯襲擊以色列">2023年哈瑪斯襲擊以色列</a>」。关于以色列主要衝突地面入侵，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="以色列入侵加沙地带">以色列入侵加薩走廊</a>」。</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Current plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><a href="/wiki/File:Warfare_current.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Warfare_current.svg/27px-Warfare_current.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Warfare_current.svg/40px-Warfare_current.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Warfare_current.svg/54px-Warfare_current.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="1209" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">本文記述一起<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="進行中武裝衝突列表">進行中的武裝衝突</a>。随着事態變化，內容或許會迅速更新。 維基百科<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%B8%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%80%89%E4%BF%83%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF" title="Wikipedia:不要倉促編輯">不是新聞的收集处</a>。請留心<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">記載正確資訊</a>，在情報相對明朗之後進行<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit">編輯更新</a>。</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70578162">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82943465">.mw-parser-output .mw-stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .mw-stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:721px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:315px;border-spacing:2px;;width:400px"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;font-size:100%">以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="以巴冲突">以巴冲突</a>及<a 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decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_26.jpg/213px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_26.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_26.jpg/284px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_26.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:106px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg/142px-The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg/213px-The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg/284px-The_remains_of_the_Sderot_city_police_Photo_by_Yoav_Keren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1965" data-file-height="1474" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/130px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/195px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/260px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1060" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:156px;max-width:156px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_(3).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png/154px-Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png" decoding="async" width="154" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png/231px-Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png/308px-Aftermath_of_Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion_%283%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1437" data-file-height="805" /></a></div></div></div></div></div> 從左上角順時針：以色列空襲<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="加沙地帶">加沙地帶</a>；<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年紅海危機">2023年紅海危機</a>期間美軍向<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞运动</a>發射導彈；襲擊過後的以色列警察局；<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E5%88%A9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="阿赫利阿拉伯医院爆炸事件">阿赫利阿拉伯醫院爆炸事件</a>；鐵劍行動期間的加沙街頭及以軍<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%8D%A1%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%BB%E6%88%98%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%8B" title="梅卡瓦主战坦克">梅卡瓦主战坦克</a>；加沙地帶建築的殘骸<hr /><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg&lang=zh-hant" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg/langzh-hant-300px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg/langzh-hant-450px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg/langzh-hant-600px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3763" data-file-height="3258" /></a> 衝突局勢圖 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="加沙地带">加沙地带</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  以色列军队占领的加沙地区</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  以色列在加薩走廊控制的最大范围</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  以色列下令疏散本國居民的地區</div> <div style="float:left;text-align:left;"><div class="legend-line">  巴勒斯坦民间武装曾渗透的最大范围</div></div> <div style="float:left;text-align:left;"><div class="legend-line">  以色列政府下令平民撤離的加沙地区</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="text-align:left; font-size:small; line-height:1.5em;;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">日期</th><td>2023年10月7日至今 (1年1个月2周又5天)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">地点</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="加薩走廊">加薩走廊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>（次要战区：<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年以色列-哈馬斯戰爭期間以色列襲擊約旦河西岸">西岸</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">黎巴嫩</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E3%80%81%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E3%80%81%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0%E9%81%AD%E8%A5%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="伊拉克、敘利亞、約旦美國基地遭襲事件">叙利亚、伊拉克和约旦</a>；以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="紅海危機">也门、紅海和亚丁湾</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap">状态</th><td class="status"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="進行中武裝衝突列表">進行中</a> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <ul><li>以色列国防军对加沙地带发动地面入侵</li> <li>以色列单方面颁布多次<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%92%A4%E9%9B%A2%E4%BB%A4" title="加沙地帶北部全面撤離令">平民撤离令</a>，加沙地带近九成地区受影响<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a></li> <li>哈马斯仍保持战斗力<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">参战方</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/23px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/35px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/45px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9C%A3%E6%88%98%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战运动">傑哈德</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="656" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人民抵抗委员会（页面不存在）">人民抵抗委员会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Resistance_Committees" class="extiw" title="en:Popular Resistance Committees">Popular Resistance Committees</a>）<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="解放巴勒斯坦人民阵线">解放巴勒斯坦人民陣線</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="解放巴勒斯坦民主陣線">解放巴勒斯坦民主陣線</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/22px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/33px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/44px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="264" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A%E2%80%94%E7%B8%BD%E6%8C%87%E6%8F%AE%E9%83%A8" title="解放巴勒斯坦人民陣線—總指揮部">解放巴勒斯坦人民陣線—總指揮部</a></li> <li>其他各类小型武装团体<a href="#cite_note-Small_militias-11">[a]</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>其他地区</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年以色列-哈馬斯戰爭期間以色列襲擊約旦河西岸">西岸</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/File:Lions%E2%80%99_Den_Flag.svg" title="File:Lions’ Den Flag.svg">20px</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%85%E7%A9%B4" title="獅穴">獅穴</a><a href="#cite_note-Small_militias-11">[a]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9%E7%83%88%E5%A3%AB%E6%97%85" title="阿克薩烈士旅">阿克薩烈士旅</a><a href="#cite_note-Small_militias-11">[a]</a> <hr /> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">以黎邊境</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党">真主党</a><a href="#cite_note-auto3-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Amal_Movement.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%88%E5%8B%92%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="阿迈勒运动">阿迈勒运动</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png/20px-Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png/31px-Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png/40px-Flag_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood.png 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="216" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黎巴嫩伊斯兰组织（页面不存在）">黎巴嫩伊斯兰组织</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Group_(Lebanon)" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic Group (Lebanon)">Islamic Group (Lebanon)</a>） </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%85%9A" title="叙利亚社会民族党">叙利亚社会民族党黎巴嫩分支</a> <hr /> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="紅海危機">红海周边</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/20px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/30px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/40px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞运动</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a> <a href="#cite_note-19">[b]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党">真主党</a><a href="#cite_note-hez-18">[17]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/23px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/35px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/45px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="伊拉克伊斯兰抵抗组织">伊拉克伊斯蘭抵抗組織</a><a href="#cite_note-skyar-20">[18]</a> <hr /> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特">廣義黎凡特地區</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/23px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/35px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg/45px-Fictional_Flag_of_the_Islamic_Resistance_in_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="伊拉克伊斯兰抵抗组织">伊拉克伊斯蘭抵抗組織</a> </li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">指挥官与领导者</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>政治</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E6%B2%99%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92" title="哈立德·迈沙阿勒">哈立德·邁沙阿勒</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[c]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E4%BA%9E" title="哈利勒·哈亞">哈利勒·哈亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94" title="叶海亚·辛瓦尔">叶海亚·辛瓦尔</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%BB" title="葉海亞·辛瓦爾之死">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="伊斯梅尔·哈尼亚">伊斯梅尔·哈尼亚</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%9D%80" title="暗杀"> X</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%A4%AB" title="穆罕默德·戴夫">穆罕默德·戴夫</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%9D%80" title="暗杀"> X</a></li></ul> <ul><li>军事</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE" title="穆罕默德·辛瓦爾">穆罕默德·辛瓦尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%A4%AB" title="穆罕默德·戴夫">穆罕默德·戴夫</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%9D%80" title="暗杀"> X</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E8%90%A8" title="马尔万·伊萨">马尔万·伊萨</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E6%9D%80" title="暗杀"> X</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列"><img alt="以色列" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%85%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%86%85%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%A1" title="本雅明·内塔尼亚胡">本雅明·内塔尼亚胡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列"><img alt="以色列" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%8C%A8" title="伊斯雷尔·卡茨">伊斯雷尔·卡茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列"><img alt="以色列" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="约阿夫·加兰特">约阿夫·加蘭特</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[d]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%BD%90%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E8%8E%B1%E7%BB%B4" title="赫齐·哈莱维">赫齐·哈莱维</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚伦·芬克尔曼（页面不存在）">亚伦·芬克尔曼</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaron_Finkelman" class="extiw" title="en:Yaron Finkelman">Yaron Finkelman</a>）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B9%AF%E9%BB%98%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="湯默·巴爾（页面不存在）">湯默·巴爾</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomer_Bar" class="extiw" title="en:Tomer Bar">Tomer Bar</a>）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E8%B5%AB%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃赫桑·達克薩（页面不存在）">埃赫桑·達克薩</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehsan_Daxa" class="extiw" title="en:Ehsan Daxa">Ehsan Daxa</a>） <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A3%E4%BA%A1" title="陣亡">†</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">参战单位</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="巴勒斯坦國"><img alt="巴勒斯坦國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%98%E5%AE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴勒斯坦联合作战室（页面不存在）">巴勒斯坦联合作战室</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Joint_Operations_Room" class="extiw" title="en:Palestinian Joint Operations Room">Palestinian Joint Operations Room</a>）<a href="#cite_note-27">[e]</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%AE%B0%C2%B7%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%A1%91%E7%83%88%E5%A3%AB%E6%97%85" title="伊宰·丁·卡桑烈士旅">卡桑旅</a><a href="#cite_note-roya-28">[23]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/23px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/35px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp/45px-Flag_of_Islamic_Jihad_Movement_in_Palestine.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9F%8E%E6%97%85_(%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6)" title="聖城旅 (巴勒斯坦)">聖城旅</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="656" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8D%E8%B3%BD%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E6%81%A9%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="納賽爾·薩拉赫·迪恩旅（页面不存在）">納賽爾·薩拉赫·迪恩旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen Brigades">Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen Brigades</a>）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E6%97%85" title="阿布·阿里·穆斯塔法旅">阿布·阿里·穆斯塔法旅</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E6%97%85" title="民族抵抗旅">民族抵抗旅</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/23px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/35px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PFLP-GC_Flag.svg/46px-PFLP-GC_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="264" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E5%9C%A3%E6%88%98%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉布尔圣战旅（页面不存在）">吉布尔圣战旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihad_Jibril_Brigades" class="extiw" title="en:Jihad Jibril Brigades">Jihad Jibril Brigades</a>）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg/20px-%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg/30px-%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg/40px-%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="225" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安萨尔旅（页面不存在）">安萨尔旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Freedom_Movement" class="extiw" title="en:Palestinian Freedom Movement">Palestinian Freedom Movement</a>）</li> <li>其他各类小型武装团体<a href="#cite_note-Small_militias-11">[a]</a></li></ul> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>其他地区</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">以黎邊境</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党"><img alt="真主党" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黎巴嫩抵抗旅（页面不存在）">黎巴嫩抵抗旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_Resistance_Brigades" class="extiw" title="en:Lebanese Resistance Brigades">Lebanese Resistance Brigades</a>）<a href="#cite_note-resistancebrigades-29">[24]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党"><img alt="真主党" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%87%E7%AA%81%E5%87%BB%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雷德万突击队（页面不存在）">雷德万突击队</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redwan_Force" class="extiw" title="en:Redwan Force">Redwan Force</a>）<a href="#cite_note-30">[25]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党"><img alt="真主党" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> 伊马姆·侯赛因师<a href="#cite_note-31">[26]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="真主党"><img alt="真主党" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/22px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/33px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/44px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> 伊斯兰阿兹旅<a href="#cite_note-32">[27]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈馬斯"><img alt="哈馬斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> 阿克萨洪水先锋队<a href="#cite_note-:23-33">[28]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%8B%E9%A3%8E%E4%B9%8B%E9%B9%B0%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旋风之鹰旅（页面不存在）">旋风之鹰旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagles_of_the_Whirlwind" class="extiw" title="en:Eagles of the Whirlwind">Eagles of the Whirlwind</a>）</li></ul> </div> <hr /> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年紅海危機">紅海周边</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/20px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/30px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Houthis_emblem.svg/40px-Houthis_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞运动</a> <hr /> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特">廣義黎凡特地區</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Asb.png/25px-Asb.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Asb.png/38px-Asb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Asb.png/50px-Asb.png 2x" data-file-width="869" data-file-height="651" /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E6%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布·哈克旅（页面不存在）">阿布·哈克旅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asa%27ib_Ahl_al-Haq" class="extiw" title="en:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq">Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq</a>） </li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列國防軍</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Israeli_Army_%28Land_Arm%29_Gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="以色列地面部队">以色列地面部队</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/23px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/35px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/45px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="486" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="以色列空军">以色列空军</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="以色列海军">以色列海军</a></li></ul> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Police.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1771" data-file-height="1181" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="以色列警察">以色列警察</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Border_Police.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1646" data-file-height="1098" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="以色列边境警察">以色列邊境警察</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列"><img alt="以色列" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%B4%9D%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="辛贝特">辛贝特</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[30]</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mossad.svg/21px-Flag_of_Mossad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mossad.svg/32px-Flag_of_Mossad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mossad.svg/41px-Flag_of_Mossad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="摩萨德">摩萨德</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[31]</a> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>其他地区</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年紅海危機">紅海周边</a>： </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Israel_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="1649" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列國防軍</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="以色列海军">以色列海军</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/23px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/35px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg/45px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="486" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="以色列空军">以色列空军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="美国武装部队">美国武装部队</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="520" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="美國海軍">美國海軍</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="美国空军">美国空军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="英國武裝部隊">英國武装部队</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[32]</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">英國皇家海軍</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">英國皇家空軍</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/46px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="法國武裝部隊">法國武裝部隊</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/22px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/33px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/44px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="法國國家海軍">法國國家海軍</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/46px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="義大利武裝部隊">義大利武裝部隊</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="意大利海军">意大利海军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦國防軍">德國聯邦國防軍</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦國防軍海軍">德國聯邦國防軍海軍</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%99%82%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="比利時國防軍">比利時國防軍</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%8A%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比利时海上部队（页面不存在）">比利时海上部队</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/46px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="希臘武裝部隊">希腊武装部队</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="希腊海军">希腊海军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/35px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/45px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="丹麥國防軍">丹麥國防軍</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丹麦皇家海军（页面不存在）">丹麦皇家海军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/23px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/35px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/46px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="印度武裝部隊">印度武裝部隊</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="印度海軍">印度海軍</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="巴基斯坦武装部队">巴基斯坦武装部队</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Naval_Ensign_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="巴基斯坦海军">巴基斯坦海军</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="沙特阿拉伯武裝部隊">沙特皇家武装部队</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%98%B2%E7%A9%BA%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙特皇家防空部队（页面不存在）">沙特皇家防空部队</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense_Forces" class="extiw" title="en:Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces">Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces</a>）</li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/46px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="埃及武裝部隊">埃及武裝力量</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Air_Force_Ensign_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="埃及空軍">埃及空军</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E9%98%B2%E7%A9%BA%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃及防空部队（页面不存在）">埃及防空部队</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Defense_Forces" class="extiw" title="en:Egyptian Air Defense Forces">Egyptian Air Defense Forces</a>）</li></ul> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">兵力</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Hamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> 25,000–40,000+<a href="#cite_note-38">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[34]</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> 529,500人<a href="#cite_note-42">[f]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:90%;">伤亡与损失</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> 加沙地带： <ul><li>42,344人死亡<a href="#cite_note-gazamoh-51">[h]</a></li> <li>95,921+人受伤<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas1tmp4-45">[39]</a></li> <li>9,312+人被俘<a href="#cite_note-52">[44]</a></li> <li>20,000+人失踪<a href="#cite_note-cas1missing-53">[45]</a></li></ul> 以色列境内：<a href="#cite_note-israelgov-54">[i]</a> <ul><li>1,609名武装分子陣亡<a href="#cite_note-55">[46]</a></li> <li>200+名武装分子被俘<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:strength1-56">[47]</a></li></ul> <hr /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color:transparent; text-align:left;"><div>其他地区：</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">約旦河西岸：<a href="#cite_note-57">[j]</a> <ul><li>716人死亡<a href="#cite_note-60">[k]</a></li> <li>5,700+人受傷<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:live-tracker-59">[49]</a></li> <li>10,800+人被俘</li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">黎巴嫩：<a href="#cite_note-61">[l]</a> <ul><li>1,238+人死亡<a href="#cite_note-80">[n]</a></li> <li>1,835+人受傷</li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">敘利亞：<a href="#cite_note-81">[o]</a> <ul><li>314人死亡<a href="#cite_note-85">[p]</a></li></ul> </li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;font-size:90%"> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> 以色列：<a href="#cite_note-israelgov-54">[i]</a> <ul><li>1,824人死亡<a href="#cite_note-99">[q]</a></li> <li>13,586+人受伤<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas2,2-100">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[84]</a></li> <li>252人被綁架<a href="#cite_note-110">[r]</a></li> <li>1人失踪<a href="#cite_note-111">[93]</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:1px dotted #aaa;font-size:85%;;font-size:90%"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1,900,000名巴勒斯坦人在加沙流离失所<a href="#cite_note-113">[s]</a></li><li>200,000–500,000名以色列人流离失所<a href="#cite_note-114">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:displaced3-115">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[97]</a></li></ul></div> <hr /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background-color:transparent; text-align:center;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">其他地区：</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> 76,000人在黎巴嫩流离失所<a href="#cite_note-117">[98]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> 7名埃及边境警卫<a href="#cite_note-118">[99]</a>、6名埃及平民<a href="#cite_note-119">[100]</a>受伤 </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;font-size:85%;"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="Template:Campaignbox 加薩—以色列衝突"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Campaignbox_%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Campaignbox 加薩—以色列衝突（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Campaignbox_%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Campaignbox 加薩—以色列衝突"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="加薩—以色列衝突" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="加薩—以色列衝突">加薩—以色列衝突</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E5%8A%A0%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以加衝突年表（页面不存在）">年表</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of the Israel–Gaza conflict">Timeline of the Israel–Gaza conflict</a>）</li></ul> <hr /> <table class="sortable" style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B0%8D%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%BD%88%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A" title="巴勒斯坦對以色列的火箭彈襲擊">巴勒斯坦火箭攻擊</a></td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2008%E8%87%B32009%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="2008至2009年加沙戰爭">加薩戰爭</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E8%B6%8A%E7%95%8C%E7%AA%81%E8%A5%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加薩越界突襲（页面不存在）">加薩越界突襲</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Gaza_cross-border_raid" class="extiw" title="en:2006 Gaza cross-border raid">2006 Gaza cross-border raid</a>）</td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=March_2010_clashes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 2010 clashes（页面不存在）">March 2010 clashes</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_2010_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_clashes" class="extiw" title="en:March 2010 Israel–Gaza clashes">March 2010 Israel–Gaza clashes</a>）</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2006%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="2006年加沙危机">夏雨行動</a></td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E8%B6%8A%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BB%E6%93%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列南部越界攻擊（页面不存在）">以色列南部越界攻擊</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_southern_Israel_cross-border_attacks" class="extiw" title="en:2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks">2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks</a>）</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%8B%E9%9B%B2%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="秋雲行動（页面不存在）">秋雲行動</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Autumn_Clouds" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Autumn Clouds">Operation Autumn Clouds</a>）</td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27%27Returning_Echo%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="''Returning Echo''（页面不存在）">Returning Echo</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_2012_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" class="extiw" title="en:March 2012 Gaza–Israel clashes">March 2012 Gaza–Israel clashes</a>）</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E5%9F%83%E9%82%8A%E7%95%8C%E7%AA%81%E7%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加埃邊界突破（页面不存在）">加埃邊界突破</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_breach_of_the_Gaza%E2%80%93Egypt_border" class="extiw" title="en:2008 breach of the Gaza–Egypt border">2008 breach of the Gaza–Egypt border</a>）</td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E6%9F%B1%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="云柱行动">雲柱行動</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%86%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱冬行動（页面不存在）">熱冬行動</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Hot_Winter" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Hot Winter">Operation Hot Winter</a>）</td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2014%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="2014年加沙戰爭">保護邊緣行動</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2018年11月以巴衝突">2018年11月以巴衝突</a></td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E5%93%88%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2019年5月以哈衝突">2019年5月以巴衝突</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019年11月以巴冲突（页面不存在）">2019年11月以巴冲突</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes_(November_2019)" class="extiw" title="en:Gaza–Israel clashes (November 2019)">Gaza–Israel clashes (November 2019)</a>）</td><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2021%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="2021年以巴危机">2021年以巴冲突</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="2022年加沙—以色列冲突">黎明行动</a></td><td style="text-align:left;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">以色列—哈馬斯戰爭</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"></td><td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="中东战争" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:315px;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Arab-Israeli_conflict" title="Template:Campaignbox Arab-Israeli conflict"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Campaignbox_Arab-Israeli_conflict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Arab-Israeli conflict（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Campaignbox_Arab-Israeli_conflict" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Campaignbox Arab-Israeli conflict"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中东战争" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中东战争">中东战争</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第一次中东战争">阿拉伯-以色列戰爭 (1948年－1949年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第二次中东战争">蘇伊士運河危機 (1956年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第三次中东战争">六日戰爭 (1967年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E4%BB%A5%E6%B6%88%E8%80%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="埃以消耗战争">消耗戰爭 (1968年－1970年)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南黎巴嫩巴勒斯坦叛亂（页面不存在）">南黎巴嫩巴勒斯坦叛亂 (1968年－1982年)</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_insurgency_in_South_Lebanon" class="extiw" title="en:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon">Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%96%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="贖罪日戰爭">贖罪日戰爭 (1973年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9F%B9%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="恩德培行动">恩德培行动 (1976年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%97%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="1978年南黎巴嫩冲突">南黎巴嫩衝突 (1978年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第五次中东战争">黎巴嫩戰爭 (1982年)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%932000%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%97%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982年–2000年南黎巴嫩衝突（页面不存在）">南黎巴嫩衝突 (1982年－2000年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A4%A7%E8%B5%B7%E7%BE%A9" title="第一次巴勒斯坦大起義">第一次巴勒斯坦大起義 (1987年－1991年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E7%BE%A4%E4%BC%97%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="阿克萨群众起义">第二次巴勒斯坦大起義 (2000年－2005年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E5%B9%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="2006年黎巴嫩戰爭">黎巴嫩戰爭 (2006年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E8%87%B32009%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="2008至2009年加沙戰爭">加沙戰爭 (2008年－2009年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E8%88%B9%E9%98%9F%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="加沙船队冲突">加薩船隊衝突 (2010年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E6%9F%B1%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="云柱行动">雲柱行動 (2012年)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="2014年加沙戰爭">加沙戰爭 (2014年)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">以色列—哈馬斯戰爭 (2023年－至今)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年－至今)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2024年伊朗—以色列衝突">伊朗—以色列衝突 (2024年)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> 2023年10月7日，以<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a>为首的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦政治暴力">巴勒斯坦武装团体</a><a href="#cite_note-auto15-120">[101]</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">军队</a>爆发武装冲突<a href="#cite_note-Beauchamp2023-121">[102]</a>，簡稱為2023年以加戰爭或2023年以哈戰爭，亦是加薩戰爭。该战争是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8E%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="赎罪日战争">赎罪日战争</a>以来最激烈的一场战争，是第5次<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="加薩—以色列衝突">加薩—以色列衝突</a>引發的戰爭，也是始于1948年5月的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="以巴冲突">以巴冲突</a>的一部分<a href="#cite_note-122">[103]</a>。 2023年10月7日清晨，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯">哈馬斯</a>发动<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克萨洪水行动">突然袭击</a>，从加沙地带向以色列发射至少3,000餘枚火箭弹<a href="#cite_note-scmp8oct-123">[104]</a>，同时约3,000名武装分子突破<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E9%9A%94%E7%A6%BB%E5%A2%99" title="加沙—以色列隔离墙">隔離牆</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[106]</a>，袭击犹太平民社区和以军军事基地<a href="#cite_note-126">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[108]</a>。以色列政府声称，至少1,400名<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E4%BA%BA" title="以色列人">以色列人</a>和外国公民在10月7日的袭击中遇害<a href="#cite_note-cas2-128">[109]</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A7%86%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%AF%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="雷姆音樂節大屠殺">雷姆音樂節</a>中至少260人遇害<a href="#cite_note-129">[110]</a>，200多名以色列平民和战俘被劫持至加沙作为人质。<a href="#cite_note-guardian7oct-130">[111]</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列國防軍</a>随即發動“鐵劍行動”，空襲<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="加沙地带">加沙地带</a>。<a href="#cite_note-131">[112]</a>一天后，以色列向哈马斯宣战。<a href="#cite_note-gW20231009-132">[113]</a>在清除领地内的武装分子后，以色列发动了现代史上最具破坏力的轰炸行动，在冲突前六天在加沙地带共投下了6,000多枚炸弹。<a href="#cite_note-133">[114]</a> 10月9日，以色列<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%B0%81%E9%8E%96%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6" title="2023年以色列封鎖加沙地帶">全面封锁加沙地带</a>，切断对该地食品、水、电和燃料供应<a href="#cite_note-Rushdi-134">[115]</a>，并命令加沙北部平民<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%92%A4%E9%9B%A2%E4%BB%A4" title="加沙地帶北部全面撤離令">撤离至南部</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[117]</a>。10月27日，以色列对加沙北部地区发动大规模<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="以色列入侵加沙地带">地面攻势</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[118]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="联合国大会">联合国大会</a>以压倒性多数通过了一项呼吁加沙立即停火的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%ACES-10/21%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第ES-10/21號決議">决议</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[120]</a>。10月28日，援助機構再次警告加沙正在發生平民的災難<a href="#cite_note-140">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[123]</a>。 大量平民在此次战争中遭到杀害。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A%E5%91%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合国特别报告员（页面不存在）">联合国特别报告员</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_special_rapporteur" class="extiw" title="en:United Nations special rapporteur">United Nations special rapporteur</a>）小组和人权组织指控以色列和哈马斯均犯有<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%BD%AA" title="战争罪">战争罪</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-Corder-2023-144">[125]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>向<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際法院">国际法院</a>指控以色列涉及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D" title="种族灭绝">种族灭绝</a>而提起<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%A8%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97_(%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95)" title="南非訴以色列 (種族滅絕)">诉讼</a>。约有230万<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BA%BA" title="巴勒斯坦人">巴勒斯坦人</a>在加沙<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E6%B5%81%E7%A6%BB%E5%A4%B1%E6%89%80%E8%80%85" title="国内流离失所者">境内流离失所</a>，20多万以色列人在以色列境内流离失所<a href="#cite_note-145">[126]</a>。人权监察组织称自战争爆发以来，以色列已在加沙地带投下了7万吨炸弹<a href="#cite_note-146">[127]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>估计至2024年5月14日，冲突已造成加沙地带35,000多名巴勒斯坦人死亡<a href="#cite_note-147">[128]</a>。2024年11月21日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="国际刑事法院">国际刑事法院</a>对以色列总理<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="内塔尼亚胡">内塔尼亚胡</a>、前国防部长<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="约阿夫·加兰特">加兰特</a>和已被以色列方面宣布死亡的哈马斯高级将领<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%A4%AB" title="穆罕默德·戴夫">穆罕默德·戴夫</a>签发<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E5%9C%A8%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5" title="國際刑事法院在巴勒斯坦的調查">逮捕令</a>，指控他们犯下<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%BD%AA" title="战争罪">战争罪</a>。<a href="#cite_note-148">[129]</a> 此次冲突产生了重大的国际影响。世界各地都发生了要求加沙停火的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%93%88%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%AF%84%E5%9C%8D%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%97%E8%AD%B0" title="以哈戰爭期間全球範圍內的抗議">大规模抗议活动</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>向以色列提供了广泛的军事援助，并<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%AC%8A" title="聯合國安全理事會否決權">否决</a>了多项<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会决议">联合国安理会决议</a>。<a href="#cite_note-149">[130]</a>与此同时，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉伯国家">阿拉伯国家</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E8%BB%B8%E5%BF%83" title="抵抗軸心">抵抗轴心</a>也参与了这次冲突，其团体<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E3%80%81%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E3%80%81%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0%E9%81%AD%E8%A5%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="伊拉克、敘利亞、約旦美國基地遭襲事件">袭击</a>了美国在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C" title="中东">中东</a>的军事基地。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞武装</a>袭击了与以色列有关联的商船，引发了<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="紅海危機">红海危机</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="黎巴嫩真主党">黎巴嫩真主党</a>与以色列<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">交火</a>，有可能引发另一场全面战争。<a href="#cite_note-150">[131]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="背景">背景</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：背景">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="以巴冲突">以巴冲突</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="加薩—以色列衝突">加薩—以色列衝突</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%AE%9A%E5%B1%85%E8%80%85%E7%9A%84%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA" title="以色列定居者的暴力行为">以色列定居者的暴力行为</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="加沙地带">加沙地带</a>于1967年<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第三次中东战争">第三次中东战争</a>后<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列军事辖区（页面不存在）">被以色列占领</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_Military_Governorate" class="extiw" title="en:Israeli Military Governorate">Israeli Military Governorate</a>），2005年<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%92%A4%E7%A6%BB%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99" title="以色列撤离加沙">以色列撤离加沙</a>，此后加沙与以色列一直处于冲突之中。由于以色列对加沙的有效军事控制，联合国和一些人权组织继续将加沙归类为以色列占领区<a href="#cite_note-auto5-151">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-152">[133]</a>。哈馬斯在<a href="/wiki/2006%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="2006年巴勒斯坦立法委員會選舉">2006年巴勒斯坦選舉</a>获得胜利，并在2007年<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(2007%E5%B9%B4)" title="加沙之戰 (2007年)">与法塔赫的内战</a>中获得对加沙地带的控制，严重加剧了其与以色列的紧张关系<a href="#cite_note-153">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kane-2023-154">[135]</a>。为回应哈马斯控制加沙，以色列联合埃及对加沙地带实施了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E9%94%81%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="封锁加沙地带">广泛的封锁</a>，摧毁了加沙的经济<a href="#cite_note-Meakem-2023-155">[136]</a>。国际人权组织谴责封锁是一种<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E5%9D%90" title="連坐">集体惩罚</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[137]</a>，以色列称其为防止武器和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="两用技术">军民两用物品</a>进入该领土的必需手段<a href="#cite_note-157">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ynet_Cabinet-158">[139]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦权力机构">巴勒斯坦权力机构</a>自2006年以来一直没有举行全国选举，部分原因是担心哈马斯再次获胜<a href="#cite_note-Meakem-2023-155">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[140]</a>。自封锁以来，哈马斯多次从边境墙下挖地道发动跨境袭击，并经常<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B0%8D%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%BD%88%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A" title="巴勒斯坦對以色列的火箭彈襲擊">向以色列发射火箭弹</a>，这导致了多次冲突，部分升级为直接战争<a href="#cite_note-160">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-Meakem-2023-155">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-Beauchamp2023-121">[102]</a>。以色列依靠<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E7%A9%B9%E9%98%B2%E7%A6%A6%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵穹防禦系統">鐵穹防禦系統</a>防御火箭弹，并对加沙进行有针对性的打击，旨在将武装分子的威胁降至最低<a href="#cite_note-Beauchamp2023-121">[102]</a>。2023年3月对加沙和西岸巴勒斯坦人进行的民意调查显示，大多数人支持使用“武装斗争”、建立“激进团体”并对以色列发动起义<a href="#cite_note-161">[142]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列对哈马斯的政策">以色列对哈马斯的政策</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：以色列对哈马斯的政策">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8F%8D%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E7%A4%BA%E5%A8%81" title="2023年以色列反司法改革示威">2023年以色列反司法改革示威</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%82%91%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%85%A7%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="班傑明·內塔尼亞胡">內塔尼亞胡</a>在戰前二十年的大部分時間裡一直擔任<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="以色列總理">以色列總理</a>，並因在加沙扶持<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a>政權的政策而受到批評<a href="#cite_note-TOI123-162">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[147]</a>。以色列前總理<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%83%A1%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="埃胡德·巴拉克">巴拉克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%B2%9D%E7%89%B9" title="辛貝特">辛貝特</a>安全部門前負責人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A4%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%AF%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尤瓦爾·迪斯金（页面不存在）">迪斯金</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuval_Diskin" class="extiw" title="en:Yuval Diskin">Yuval Diskin</a>）等多位以色列官員都指控称，內塔尼亞胡的目的是將<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%A1%94%E8%B5%AB" title="法塔赫">法塔赫</a>控制的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦自治政府">巴勒斯坦中央政府</a>限制在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%9F" title="巴勒斯坦领土">西岸</a>並削弱其力量，從而破壞<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="兩國方案">兩國方案</a>，並向以色列公眾和西方政府表明以色列「沒有」和平夥伴<a href="#cite_note-CBS11-167">[148]</a>。沙烏地阿拉伯和巴勒斯坦權力機構也批評內塔尼亞胡領導下的以色列允許將大量<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔">卡塔尔</a>資金交給<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a><a href="#cite_note-CBS11-167">[148]</a>，以換取維持停火<a href="#cite_note-TOI123-162">[143]</a>。哈馬斯发动襲擊後，《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%99%82%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="以色列時報">以色列時報</a>》的一篇專欄文章指出，內塔尼亞胡將巴勒斯坦權力機構視為負擔、將哈馬斯視為資產的政策「在我們面前炸开了锅」<a href="#cite_note-TOI123-162">[143]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="哈馬斯的動機">哈馬斯的動機</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：哈馬斯的動機">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">更多信息：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="加沙地带政府">加沙地带政府</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a>是管理加沙地带的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8A%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="逊尼派">逊尼派</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯兰">伊斯兰</a><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Collective_Violence-168">[149]</a>政治和军事组织<a href="#cite_note-169">[150]</a>，被<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧洲联盟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD" title="巴拉圭">巴拉圭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>列为恐怖组织<a href="#cite_note-wp20231011-170">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[152]</a>。哈馬斯<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="政治局">政治局</a>领导人<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="伊斯梅尔·哈尼亚">哈尼亚</a>於2018年被<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國務院">美國國務院</a>認定為<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="恐怖分子">恐怖分子</a>，因為他與哈馬斯軍事部門關係密切，並倡導武裝鬥爭，包括袭击平民<a href="#cite_note-wp20231011-170">[151]</a>。 哈馬斯軍事部門指揮官<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="穆罕默德·德伊夫">德伊夫</a>有對以色列進行大膽和致命攻擊的歷史，常透過部署低技術含量的應對措施來適應以色列的軍事進步，包括扣押以色列<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E8%B4%A8" title="人质">人質</a>以隨着時間的推移製造公眾壓力。德伊夫的背景和個人細節在很大程度上籠罩在神秘之中，他在巴勒斯坦武裝分子的陰影下運作<a href="#cite_note-ftdeif-172">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[154]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%B4%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="賴赫曼大學">賴赫曼大學</a>巴勒斯坦事務專家米爾什泰因表示，加沙地帶哈馬斯領導人<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94" title="叶海亚·辛瓦尔">辛瓦尔</a>的主要動機是消滅以色列的長期願景<a href="#cite_note-174">[155]</a>。以國軍事情報局前負責人米爾什泰因認為哈馬斯的襲擊「是為了阻礙與<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="亚伯拉罕协议">沙烏地阿拉伯的正常化</a>，或改善經濟實現<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="吉哈德">吉哈德</a>聖戰和破壞以色列社會的穩定」。<a href="#cite_note-175">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023年局部升級">2023年局部升級</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：2023年局部升級">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/w/index.php?title=2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A7%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB%E6%A7%8D%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023年內夫·雅科夫槍擊事件（页面不存在）">2023年內夫·雅科夫槍擊事件</a>、<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E5%93%88%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2019年5月以哈衝突">2019年5月以哈衝突</a>、<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="2023年阿克萨清真寺冲突">2023年阿克萨清真寺冲突</a>和<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B47%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%82%91%E5%AF%A7%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95" title="2023年7月以色列入侵傑寧行動">2023年7月以色列入侵傑寧行動</a></div> 2023年，在10月7日袭击事件发生之前，有32名以色列人和两名外国人在巴勒斯坦袭击中丧生。至少有247名巴勒斯坦人被以色列軍隊殺害<a href="#cite_note-aj1-176">[157]</a>。定居者襲擊的增加導致數百名巴勒斯坦人流離失所，在耶路撒冷有爭議的聖地<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克薩清真寺">阿克薩清真寺</a>周圍發生了<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="2023年阿克萨清真寺冲突">衝突</a>。<a href="#cite_note-apn1-177">[158]</a> 2023年9月，以色列和哈馬斯之間的緊張局勢加劇，《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%9B%9B%E9%A0%93%E9%83%B5%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="華盛頓郵報">華盛頓郵報</a>》稱雙方「處於戰爭邊緣」<a href="#cite_note-wapo-178">[159]</a>。以色列在一批牛仔褲中發現藏有爆炸物，並停止了加薩的所有出口<a href="#cite_note-wapo-178">[159]</a>。作為回應，哈馬斯使其部隊處於高度戒備狀態，並與其他組織進行軍事演習，包括公開演習襲擊以色列定居點<a href="#cite_note-wapo-178">[159]</a>。哈馬斯也允許巴勒斯坦人恢復<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E9%9A%94%E7%A6%BB%E5%A2%99" title="加沙—以色列隔离墙">加沙—以色列隔离墙</a>的抗議活動<a href="#cite_note-wapo-178">[159]</a>。 9月13日，5名巴勒斯坦人在邊境被殺。據《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%9B%9B%E9%A0%93%E9%83%B5%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="華盛頓郵報">華盛頓郵報</a>》報道，巴勒斯坦人試圖引爆該裝置，而<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="半島電視台">半島電視台</a>報道稱，巴勒斯坦爆炸物工程小組正在努力使該裝置失效<a href="#cite_note-180">[t]</a>。9月29日，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔">卡塔尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a>的斡旋下，以色列和加沙地带的哈马斯官员达成协议，重新开放关闭的过境点，并缓解紧张局势<a href="#cite_note-181">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[163]</a>。 在袭击发生之前，沙特阿拉伯警告，由于以色列对加沙的持续占领将引发“爆炸”。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a>表示，它在襲擊發生前幾天已经警告以色列，“局勢即將爆發，而且很快，而且規模將會很大”<a href="#cite_note-egyptint-184">[164]</a>。以色列否認收到過此類警告<a href="#cite_note-185">[165]</a>，但埃及的說法得到了<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%9C%BE%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="美國眾議院外交委員會">美國眾議院外交委員會</a>主席<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%80%83" class="mw-redirect" title="麥克·麥克考">麥克考</a>的證實，他表示警告是在襲擊發生前三天發出的。<a href="#cite_note-auto20-186">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判">以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：以色列-沙烏地阿拉伯正常化談判">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="以色列—沙特阿拉伯关系">以色列—沙特阿拉伯关系</a></div> 攻擊發生時，以色列和沙特阿拉伯正在進行關係正常化談判。<a href="#cite_note-187">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[169]</a>沙特阿拉伯王儲<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%8B%92%E6%9B%BC" title="穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼">穆罕默德</a>表示，正常化“第一次真正变得现实”<a href="#cite_note-nyt7oct-190">[170]</a>，這顯然是對<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E9%98%BF%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8D%94%E8%AD%B0" title="以阿和平協議">以阿和平協議</a>中闡述的沙烏地阿拉伯政策的逆轉，當時沙烏地阿拉伯提出，如果以色列允許建立巴勒斯坦國，則以色列與整個阿拉伯世界可實現正常化。<a href="#cite_note-191">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[172]</a> 以色列參與談判的其他官員證實，沙烏地阿拉伯已考慮在不支持巴勒斯坦建国的条件下與以色列實現正常化。<a href="#cite_note-Magid-2023-193">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[175]</a>美國外交政策機構中的大多數人認為巴勒斯坦建國「在中東不再重要」。10月4日，哈马斯襲擊前三天，美國外交官<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="丹尼斯·罗斯">羅斯</a>表示，巴勒斯坦建國在以色列與沙烏地阿拉伯的談判中「不再是一個選擇」。<a href="#cite_note-196">[176]</a> 以哈战争发生后，沙特宣布终止与以色列关系正常化的所有谈判。<a href="#cite_note-197">[177]</a>10月21日，美國總統<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E7%99%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="拜登">拜登</a>表示10月7日的襲擊目的是破壞正常化談判。<a href="#cite_note-198">[178]</a>克萊因表示，以色列與包括沙烏地阿拉伯在內的其他中東國家實現正常化可能會讓巴勒斯坦人“孤立而軟弱”<a href="#cite_note-Klein-2023-199">[179]</a>，許多巴勒斯坦人擔心以色列與沙烏地阿拉伯的關係正常化將使他們喪失對巴勒斯坦建國最後的重要影響力。<a href="#cite_note-200">[180]</a> 2024年2月7日，沙烏地阿拉伯重新表示，與以色列的外交關係要求在1967年邊界上建立一個以東耶路撒冷為首都的獨立巴勒斯坦國。<a href="#cite_note-201">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="伊朗对哈马斯的援助">伊朗对哈马斯的援助</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：伊朗对哈马斯的援助">编辑</a>]</div> 伊朗被认为一直为哈马斯等组织提供了资金援助。根據美國情報報道，在10月7日的袭击发生之前，大約500名來自<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9C%A3%E6%88%98%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战运动">巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战运动</a>的武裝分子在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a>接受了專門的戰鬥訓練。這項訓練是由伊朗<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E8%A1%9B%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭革命衛隊">伊斯蘭革命衛隊</a>的對外行動部門<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9F%8E%E8%BB%8D" title="聖城軍">聖城軍</a>的軍官進行的。巴勒斯坦高級官員和伊朗將領<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9F%8E%E8%BB%8D" title="聖城軍">聖城軍</a>司令<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%A2%85%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%B3%88%E5%B0%BC" title="伊斯梅爾·賈尼">賈尼</a>將軍也出席了會議。<a href="#cite_note-wsj20231025-202">[182]</a> 在袭击发生后，以色列總統<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E4%BD%90%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="艾萨克·赫尔佐格">赫尔佐格</a>指控哈馬斯是「在伊朗的代理人指揮官支持和指示下」施襲<a href="#cite_note-203">[183]</a>。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%B0%94%E8%A1%97%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5" title="华尔街日报">华尔街日报</a>》发文表示，伊朗顯然在幕後支持哈馬斯的攻擊，估計旨在阻止美國斡旋的沙以建交協議<a href="#cite_note-204">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[185]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8D%AB%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="保卫民主基金会">保卫民主基金会</a>的行政總裁杜博維茨表示，這是伊朗支持的對以戰爭。<a href="#cite_note-206">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="經過">經過</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：經過">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A_(2023%E5%B9%B4)" title="以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭時間線 (2023年)">以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭時間線 (2023年)</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A_(2024%E5%B9%B4)" title="以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭時間線 (2024年)">以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭時間線 (2024年)</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E7%9A%84%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="以色列—哈馬斯戰爭期間的軍事行動列表">以色列—哈馬斯戰爭期間的軍事行動列表</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_(7%E2%80%93_8_October).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg/220px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg/330px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg/440px-October_2023_Gaza%E2%88%92Israel_conflict_%287%E2%80%93_8_October%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3763" data-file-height="3258" /></a><figcaption>10月7日-8日的大致情況</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_(53245908850).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg/220px-Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg/330px-Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg/440px-Fires_in_Israel_and_the_Gaza_strip_-_7_October_2023_%2853245908850%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5699" data-file-height="3206" /></a><figcaption>2023年10月7日以色列大規模火災的衛星影像<a href="#cite_note-ynet-207">[187]</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="10月7日襲擊">10月7日襲擊</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：10月7日襲擊">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="2023年哈瑪斯襲擊以色列">2023年哈瑪斯襲擊以色列</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A7%86%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="雷姆戰役">雷姆戰役</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%85%E7%89%B9%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="斯代羅特戰役">斯代羅特戰役</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B3%95%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="蘇法戰役">蘇法戰役</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="齊金戰役">齊金戰役</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="貝埃里大屠殺">貝埃里大屠殺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="霍利特大屠殺">霍利特大屠殺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%92%82%E5%A4%AB%E5%93%88%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="內蒂夫哈阿薩拉大屠殺">內蒂夫哈阿薩拉大屠殺</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="尼爾奧茲大屠殺">尼爾奧茲大屠殺</a></div> 2023年10月7日清晨六時半，哈马斯发动突然袭击。<a href="#cite_note-208">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian7oct3-209">[189]</a>以色列情報局前局長哈勒維称，至少有3,000枚炮弹从加沙发射<a href="#cite_note-210">[190]</a>，造成至少700人死亡<a href="#cite_note-q3833-211">[191]</a>，1,500多人受伤<a href="#cite_note-BBC10073-212">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-:32-213">[193]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯">哈马斯</a>高级军事指挥官<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%A4%AB" title="穆罕默德·戴夫">穆罕默德·戴夫</a>呼吁“世界各地的穆斯林发动袭击”。与此同时，大约3,000名巴勒斯坦武裝分子从加沙地带入侵以色列<a href="#cite_note-214">[194]</a>，总计上千名以色列平民死于袭击。在对<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A7%86_(%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97)" title="雷姆 (以色列)">雷姆</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B9" title="基布兹">基布兹</a>附近参加音乐节的平民发动的袭击中，至少有260人遭到哈马斯屠杀。<a href="#cite_note-215">[195]</a> 穆罕默德·戴夫在当天发布了一段录音消息，表示此次袭击是为了回应以色列“亵渎<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="阿克萨清真寺">阿克萨清真寺</a>”、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E9%94%81%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="封锁加沙地带">对加沙地带的封锁</a>、以色列定居点的扩张和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%AE%9A%E5%B1%85%E8%80%85%E7%9A%84%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA" title="以色列定居者的暴力行为">其定居者的暴力行为</a>，以及数十年来以色列对巴勒斯坦人的暴行。<a href="#cite_note-TOI122-216">[196]</a> 他呼吁巴勒斯坦人和以色列的阿拉伯人“驱逐占领者，拆除隔离墙”，“鉴于针对我国人民的罪行仍在继续，鉴于占领的狂欢及其对国际法和决议的无视，鉴于美国和西方的支持，我们决定结束这一切，这样敌人就明白，他不能再肆意狂欢而不被追究责任。”<a href="#cite_note-217">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[198]</a>至少44个国家将此次突袭定性为<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="恐怖袭击">恐怖袭击</a>。<a href="#cite_note-WI-Waldo-219">[199]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/220px--%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="386" data-durationhint="171" data-mwtitle="(Explicit_Violent_Content)_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:(Explicit_Violent_Content)_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="274" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="302" data-height="530" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="82" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="136" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="206" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm/%28Explicit_Violent_Content%29_Footage_of_bodycam_of_Israeli_elite_unit_clearing_the_Nova_music_festival_area_on_7th_October.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="206" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A7%86%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%AF%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="雷姆音樂節大屠殺">雷姆音乐节大屠杀</a>后，以色列精锐部队进行清场的画面</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/220px--thumbnail.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="105" data-mwtitle="Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="960" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1440" data-height="1080" /><source 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data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm/Hamas_terrorists_execute_a_mother_father_in_their_car._A_little_girl_and_her_baby_brother_in_the_backseats_stayed_in_the_car_for_hours_and_were_later_rescued._Oct._7.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>武装分子在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E4%BB%A3%E7%BD%97%E7%89%B9" title="斯代罗特">斯代罗特</a>屠杀平民</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_2" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/220px--Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="51" data-mwtitle="Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim,_Israel_(October_2023).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim,_Israel_(October_2023).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm/Hamas_members_attacking_civilians_in_Kibbutz_Mefalsim%2C_Israel_%28October_2023%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>武装分子在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%85%E6%B3%95%E5%8B%92%E8%A5%BF%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梅法勒西姆（页面不存在）">梅法勒西姆</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefalsim" class="extiw" title="en:Mefalsim">Mefalsim</a>）屠杀平民</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel,_October_2023_(KBG_GPO09).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Caked blood on the floor inside a house." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg/220px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg/330px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg/440px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO09%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2" title="納哈爾奧茲">納哈爾奧茲</a>發生<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E5%A5%A7%E8%8C%B2%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="納哈爾奧茲大屠殺">納哈爾奧茲大屠殺</a>後，房子裡地板上沾滿血跡 </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)">以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：以色列的初步反应（2023年10月7日—27日)">编辑</a>]</div> 由于袭击发生时正值犹太节日<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%B5%AB%E6%89%98%E6%8B%89%E7%AF%80" title="西赫托拉節">西赫托拉节</a>，这次袭击似乎完全出乎以色列的意料。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡召开了安全紧急会议，表示以色列“处于战争状态”，发誓让哈马斯“付出前所未有的代价”。<a href="#cite_note-npr3-220">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-ynet2-221">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[202]</a> 他还称“将把加沙变成一座荒岛”，并警告加沙平民立即离开。<a href="#cite_note-223">[203]</a> 以色列国防军宣布进入“战备状态”<a href="#cite_note-224">[204]</a>，以色列军方批准动员数万名预备役军人，并宣布加沙边境地区进入紧急状态。<a href="#cite_note-225">[205]</a>以色列国防部长<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="约阿夫·加兰特">约阿夫·加兰特</a>称，“哈马斯犯了一个严重的错误”，并发誓以色列“将赢得这场战争”。<a href="#cite_note-226">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带">以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：以军空襲和封鎖加沙地带">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_01_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2286" data-file-height="1497" /></a><figcaption>以色列襲擊後加沙巴勒斯坦高樓被毀</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%B0%81%E9%8E%96%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6" title="2023年以色列封鎖加沙地帶">2023年以色列封鎖加薩走廊</a></div> 10月8日，以色列政府正式向哈馬斯宣戰。<a href="#cite_note-227">[207]</a> 以色列空襲加沙地带多座建筑物。<a href="#cite_note-q3834-228">[208]</a> 10月7日至8日夜间，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%86%85%E9%98%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列安全内阁（页面不存在）">安全内阁</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Cabinet_of_Israel" class="extiw" title="en:Security Cabinet of Israel">Security Cabinet of Israel</a>）投票决定采取一系列行动，以“摧毁哈马斯和巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战组织的军事和政府能力”。供应加沙地带80%电力的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="以色列電力">以色列电力</a>切断了该地区的电力供应，使得加沙的电力供应从120兆瓦减少到只有20兆瓦，迫使其依靠<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="巴勒斯坦民族权力机构">巴勒斯坦民族权力机构</a>负担费用的发电厂。 经过一天的激战，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡表示，绝大多数渗入以色列领土的敌军已被消灭。<a href="#cite_note-229">[209]</a>10月9日，以色列國防軍表示已重新控制加沙地區周圍所有社區。<a href="#cite_note-自由2-230">[210]</a>内塔尼亚胡在社交媒体发文表示：“以色列正处于战争之中。我们并不想要这场战争。不过尽管以色列没有发动这场战争，但以色列将终结它。哈马斯会明白，他们攻击我们是犯了历史性错误，我们将让他们和以色列的其他敌人付出在今后几十年都不会忘记的代价。”<a href="#cite_note-231">[211]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png/220px-Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png/330px-Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png/440px-Buildings_in_Gaza_Strip_being_levelled_by_Israeli_missiles_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption>加沙走廊的一棟大樓被以色列空軍投下炸彈後夷為平地</figcaption></figure> 10月9日，以军新闻发言人赫格里表示，自衝突爆發後以军已在48小时内征召了30万名预备役军人，是以色列有史以来规模最大的一次征兵。10日，国防部长表示批准再征召6万名预备役军人，使预备役军人人数达到创纪录的36万人。<a href="#cite_note-232">[212]</a> 10月10日，以色列军方夜间对加沙地带200多个地点发动袭击，两名哈马斯高级官员被以军空袭身亡。<a href="#cite_note-233">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[214]</a>晚些时候，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡宣布组建<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%88%98%E6%97%B6%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="以色列战时内阁">战时内阁</a>。<a href="#cite_note-235">[215]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_40.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>以色列空襲後，醫護人員將一名受傷的巴勒斯坦兒童送往加沙市的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法醫院</a>。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_37.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法醫院</a>受傷的兒童。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="命令平民撤離加沙北部">命令平民撤離加沙北部</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：命令平民撤離加沙北部">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%92%A4%E9%9B%A2%E4%BB%A4" title="加沙地帶北部全面撤離令">加薩走廊北部全面撤離令</a></div> 10月13日，以色列陸軍在加沙走廊边境集结部队，準備發動地面反擊以殲滅哈馬斯，<a href="#cite_note-236">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[217]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%99%E5%8D%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國務卿">美國國務卿</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF" title="安東尼·布林肯">布林肯</a>同日訪問以色列，總理<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%82%91%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E7%B4%8D%E5%9D%A6%E9%9B%85%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="班傑明·納坦雅胡">納坦雅胡</a>向他展示死嬰照片，控訴哈馬斯上週末在以色列殺害這些嬰兒。<a href="#cite_note-238">[218]</a> 当日，以色列命令加沙走廊中部季節性水道「加沙河」以北的所有加沙平民，约110萬巴勒斯坦人在24小时内撤离至南部<a href="#cite_note-v745-239">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[221]</a>，聯合國批評這是「強人所難」，以色列方面則批评「聯合國沒有和以色列站在一起」。<a href="#cite_note-242">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-v745-239">[219]</a> 撤离範圍包括加沙走廊最大的城市加沙市和兩個大型難民營<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%E9%9B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="加巴里雅">加巴里雅</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="比齊">比齊</a>難民營，以及東北部鄰近以色列邊界的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E7%89%B9%E6%BC%A2%E8%AB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="貝特漢諾">貝特漢諾</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拜特拉西亞">拜特拉西亞</a>，而加沙走廊只有一條南北向的公路，撤離難度很高。<a href="#cite_note-243">[223]</a> 10月14日，以色列軍方指出，地面部隊過去24小時內已對加沙進行突襲<a href="#cite_note-244">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[225]</a>，以色列國防軍發布影片顯示，以色列海軍精銳突擊隊<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC13%E7%AA%81%E6%93%8A%E9%9A%8A" title="第13突擊隊">第13突擊隊</a>攻入加沙走廊安全圍欄周圍地區，救出250名人質，並且擊斃擊斃逾60名哈瑪斯武装分子。<a href="#cite_note-246">[226]</a> 10月15日，以色列軍方表示，在發動全面性地面入侵前將給平民更多時間撤離加沙走廊北部地區。<a href="#cite_note-247">[227]</a> 10月16日，以色列陸軍準備對加沙走廊發動地面攻勢之際，美國國務卿布林肯在中東進行外交活动，防止衝突擴大。<a href="#cite_note-248">[228]</a>聯合國提出警告，加沙醫院的發電用燃料存量預計只能再撐約24小時，人道主義辦公室在官網指出：「關閉備用發電機將使數以千計病患的生命面臨危險」。在此之前，已經有一些援助組織要求讓他們進到加沙提供包括燃料、飲水在內的人道主義協助<a href="#cite_note-249">[229]</a>，而由埃及控制的加沙邊界關卡在外交努力下將重新開放，以利援助物資能順利進入當地。<a href="#cite_note-250">[230]</a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg/220px-Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg/330px-Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg/440px-Fars_Photo_of_Casualties_in_Gaza_Strip_during_2023_War_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="699" /></a><figcaption>一名男子抬著一名在2023年10月17日砲擊中喪生的巴勒斯坦兒童的屍體。</figcaption></figure> 10月17日，以色列轰炸了加沙南部地区。<a href="#cite_note-251">[231]</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="加沙卫生部">加沙卫生部</a>官员报告说，加沙南部的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%97%E5%B0%A4%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="汗尤尼斯">汗尤尼斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%82" title="拉法市">拉法市</a>、和代尔拜莱赫遭到猛烈轰炸，造成70多人死亡，其中许多人是按照以色列军方的命令从北部加沙市撤离的家庭。<a href="#cite_note-252">[232]</a>同日，加沙市中心的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E5%88%A9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="阿赫利阿拉伯医院爆炸事件">阿赫利阿拉伯医院发生爆炸</a>。加沙卫生部称，爆炸造成至少417名平民死亡，和314人受伤。<a href="#cite_note-253">[233]</a> 以色列和哈马斯相互指摘为对方所为。<a href="#cite_note-254">[234]</a>以色列还击中了联合国位于加沙中部难民营附近的一所近东救济工程处学校，造成至少6人死亡，和12人受伤。负责人表示，他们从10月7日起就一直向有关方面提供学校坐标，但以色列还是袭击了这里。截至17日，已有大量巴勒斯坦妇女儿童，以及至少11名巴勒斯坦记者、28名医务人员和14名联合国工作人员在以色列对加沙的轰炸中丧生。<a href="#cite_note-学校-255">[235]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A bloodied child on the floor of a hospital being treated by a nurse. A man with his head wrapped in a bandage wearing blood-stained clothes lays on the floor nearby." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>受傷的兒童和男子在加沙城<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法医院</a>的地板上接受治療。</figcaption></figure> 10月18日，美國宣布向加沙和約旦河西岸提供1億美元援助，並呼籲開放通往加沙的過境點以供援助<a href="#cite_note-256">[236]</a>。同日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="美國總統">美國總統</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E7%99%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="拜登">拜登</a>到訪以色列與總理內塔尼亞胡會面。內塔尼亞胡表示，以色列會致力避免加沙平民傷亡。拜登表示哈馬斯的「暴行」超越<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭國">伊斯蘭國</a>，又指加沙醫院被炮火擊中是恐怖組織所為。<a href="#cite_note-257">[237]</a> 10月19日，以色列轟炸了加沙最古老的希臘東正教<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%90%E5%88%A9%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="聖波斐利教堂">聖波斐利教堂</a>建築群中的一座建築，造成至少8人死亡，"大量人員"受傷<a href="#cite_note-258">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[239]</a>。 10月20日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E6%9B%B8%E9%95%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國秘書長">聯合國秘書長</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" title="安东尼奥·古特雷斯">安东尼奥·古特雷斯</a>訪問了<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A3%E5%B2%B8" title="拉法口岸">拉法边境口岸</a><a href="#cite_note-260">[240]</a>。他呼籲以色列開通一條向加沙提供援助的“生命線”<a href="#cite_note-261">[241]</a>。10月21日，由20輛人道主義救援卡車組成的車隊從埃及通過<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A3%E5%B2%B8" title="拉法口岸">拉法边境口岸</a>進入加沙，運送藥品、醫療設備和一些食品<a href="#cite_note-262">[242]</a>。據<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="半島電視台">半島電視台</a>記者報道，以色列的襲擊在主幹道上留下了坑洞，減慢了救援巴士或卡車的速度，埃及正在努力使道路恢復正常運行<a href="#cite_note-263">[243]</a>。車隊一通過，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A3%E5%B2%B8" title="拉法口岸">拉法边境口岸</a>就再次關閉<a href="#cite_note-264">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[245]</a>。 截至10月23日，以色列对加沙的袭击已造成超过5000人死亡，其中62%都是妇女和儿童；此外还有1万5千人受伤、约1500人失踪、150万人流离失所。其中加沙地带有62座医疗设施被袭击。加沙超过62.5万名儿童被剥夺教育机会，206所学校遭到破坏，其中至少有29所属<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>近东救济工程处。<a href="#cite_note-266">[246]</a> 10月27日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%B1%86%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第十屆緊急特別會議">联合国大会第十届紧急特别会议</a>以压倒性优势通过<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%ACES-10/21%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第ES-10/21號決議">第21号决议</a>，呼吁立即实行持久和持续的人道主义休战，并呼吁撤销占领国以色列要求巴勒斯坦平民和联合国工作人员以及人道主义和医务工作者撤离加沙地带加沙河以北所有地区并迁往加沙南部的命令。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）">入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：入侵加薩走廊（10月27日—11月24日）">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="以色列入侵加沙地带">以色列入侵加沙地带</a></div> 10月28日，以色列国防军宣布正在加沙地带“扩大地面行动”。以色列总理<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E5%82%91%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%85%A7%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="班傑明·內塔尼亞胡">本杰明·内塔尼亚胡</a>表示“战争的第二阶段已经开始”目的是消滅<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈馬斯">哈馬斯</a>并救出人質。<a href="#cite_note-267">[247]</a>以色列军方再次呼吁加沙居民撤离北部。<a href="#cite_note-268">[248]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Men in desert-brown fatigues walk towards rows of tanks. All of them have backpacks, and some have firearms." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg/220px-SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg/330px-SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg/440px-SoI-War_23-10-29_IDF_01-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1414" data-file-height="943" /></a><figcaption>10月29日，以色列國防軍士兵準備在加薩進行地面行動。</figcaption></figure> 10月29日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>總幹事<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E5%BE%B7%E5%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="譚德塞">譚德塞</a>對<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%BA%A2%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%9A" title="巴勒斯坦红新月会">巴勒斯坦紅新月會</a>的報告表示“深感憂慮”，稱<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9F%8E%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="圣城医院">聖城醫院</a>已收到緊急疏散警告，該醫院正在緊急疏散。他重申，“不可能在不危及生命的情況下疏散擠滿病人的醫院。”<a href="#cite_note-269">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-270">[250]</a> 據信約有14,000名平民在醫院內或附近避難<a href="#cite_note-BBCquds1029-271">[251]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E8%81%AF%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="美聯社">美聯社</a>報導，以色列的空襲也摧毀了通往<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法医院</a>的道路，使前往醫院變得越來越困難<a href="#cite_note-272">[252]</a>。 11月3日，以色列空袭击中了正载运病患离开<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法医院</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E8%AD%B7%E8%BB%8A" title="救護車">救护车</a>车队，造成15人死亡与60人受伤。<a href="#cite_note-273">[253]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two tanks roll on dirt, surrounded by a massive amount of destruction. There is rubble on the ground, and buildings that have been exploded" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg/170px-SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg/255px-SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg/340px-SoI-War_23-11-01_IDF_13-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>10月31日，以色列坦克在加薩走廊執行任務</figcaption></figure> 11月20日，隸屬哈馬斯的加薩衛生部稱，以色列國防軍坦克使用火砲猛烈射擊，完全包圍了加薩的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="印度尼西亚医院">印尼醫院</a>，約12名巴勒斯坦人因戰鬥和圍攻醫院而死亡，當以色列國防軍包圍印尼醫院時，包括傷者和醫護人員約700人正在醫院內。<a href="#cite_note-274">[254]</a>世界衛生組織秘書長<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E5%BE%B7%E5%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="譚德塞">譚德塞</a>在<a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a>上回應稱，以色列軍隊將傷者和醫務人員圍困在醫院內，對印尼醫院採取的行動令他感到「震驚」。<a href="#cite_note-275">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）">暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：暫時停火期限（11月24日—12月1日）">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E5%81%9C%E7%81%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—哈瑪斯停火（页面不存在）">以色列—哈瑪斯停火</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_ceasefire" class="extiw" title="en:2023 Israel–Hamas ceasefire">2023 Israel–Hamas ceasefire</a>）</div> 11月24日，在卡達斡旋下，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E5%81%9C%E7%81%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—哈瑪斯停火（页面不存在）">停火</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_ceasefire" class="extiw" title="en:2023 Israel–Hamas ceasefire">2023 Israel–Hamas ceasefire</a>）於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" title="以色列標準時間">以色列時間</a>上午7时開始實施，停火為期四天。<a href="#cite_note-276">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-277">[257]</a>11月24日至30日，哈馬斯釋放人質，以色列釋放囚犯。 11月27日，卡達宣布以色列與哈瑪斯達成協議，將停火期限延長兩天。<a href="#cite_note-278">[258]</a> 11月28日，以色列和哈瑪斯互相指責對方違反停火協議。11月30日，哈瑪斯又釋放了兩名人質，使停火又延長了一天。<a href="#cite_note-nbctruce-279">[259]</a>12月1日，以色列國防部宣佈，由於哈瑪斯違反停火協議，停火結束并恢復軍事行動。<a href="#cite_note-280">[260]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[261]</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[262]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）">進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：進攻加薩中部（2023年12月—2024年2月）">编辑</a>]</div> 12月5日，以色列國防軍報告稱，其部隊已抵達汗尤尼斯、賈巴利亞和謝賈亞中心，這是自地面入侵加薩以來最「激烈的戰鬥」<a href="#cite_note-283">[263]</a> 。密集的轟炸將巴勒斯坦平民進一步向南推向拉法。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡表示，具有压倒性优势的军事力量是结束战争并确保人质返回的最快方式<a href="#cite_note-284">[264]</a>，在与哈马斯的战争结束后相当长的一段长时间内，以军将确保对加沙地区的无限期安全控制<a href="#cite_note-285">[265]</a>。哈马斯武装称其战斗人员正与以方军队进行激烈战斗。<a href="#cite_note-aj_20231205_intensify-286">[266]</a> 12月15日，周五，以色列军队和哈马斯在加沙爆发了激烈的战斗。以色列军方表示，其部队摧毁了加沙<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E5%8A%A0%E8%89%BE%E8%80%B6" title="舒加艾耶">舒加艾耶</a>的哈马斯指挥控制中心，并对<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%97%E5%B0%A4%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="汗尤尼斯">汗尤尼斯</a>的武装基础设施进行了“有针对性的袭击”。 12月25日，納坦雅胡在接受《華爾街日報》採訪時表示，以色列的目標是「摧毀哈瑪斯、使加薩非軍事化以及使整個巴勒斯坦社會去激進化。」<a href="#cite_note-287">[267]</a> 12月29日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>向<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際法院">國際法院</a>提起<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%A8%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97_(%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95)" title="南非訴以色列 (種族滅絕)">針對以色列的訴訟</a>，指控以色列的行為構成種族滅絕。<a href="#cite_note-288">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[269]</a> 南非要求國際法院發布臨時措施，包括命令以色列停止在加薩的軍事行動。<a href="#cite_note-290">[270]</a>南非也是2023年11月將戰爭移交<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際刑事法院">國際刑事法院</a>的五個國家之一。<a href="#cite_note-291">[271]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）">從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：從加薩北部撤軍和进攻拉法的准备（2024年1月—5月）">编辑</a>]</div> 2024年1月1日，以色列軍隊從加薩北部撤出，包括謝赫拉德萬、阿爾米納區和特拉哈瓦的部分地區。<a href="#cite_note-292">[272]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/220px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/330px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg/440px-Merkava_Mk_IV_in_Gazan_street_during_Operation_Swords_of_Iron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>2024年1月4日，以色列梅卡瓦坦克車在加薩街頭行駛。</figcaption></figure> 1月6日，以色列政府聲稱哈瑪斯對加薩走廊北部的控制已被解除。<a href="#cite_note-293">[273]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_January_2024_(ABG_9887).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg/220px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg/330px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg/440px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_January_2024_%28ABG_9887%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>美國國務卿<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF" title="安東尼·布林肯">布林肯</a>和以色列總統<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E4%BD%90%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="艾萨克·赫尔佐格">赫爾佐格</a>於2024年1月9日在以色列特拉維夫舉行會議。</figcaption></figure> 1月15日，以色列國防部長<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="约阿夫·加兰特">加蘭特</a>表示，加薩走廊北部最激烈的戰鬥已經結束，新階段的低強度戰鬥即將開始。<a href="#cite_note-294">[274]</a> 2月12日，以色列國防軍大規模空襲<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%82" title="拉法市">拉法市</a>。美国总统乔·拜登警告内塔尼亚胡，以色列不应在没有“可信和可执行”保护平民的计划的情况下对拉法的哈马斯进行军事行动。<a href="#cite_note-295">[275]</a> 2月18日，以色列戰時內閣成員<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%8C%A8" title="本尼·甘茨">甘茨</a>警告稱，除非哈瑪斯屆時釋放所有人質，否則將於3月10日對拉法發動地面攻勢。甘茨補充說，以色列將「以協調的方式採取行動，與我們的美國和埃及夥伴對話，促進平民撤離，以盡量減少平民傷亡」。<a href="#cite_note-296">[276]</a> 3月18日至4月1日期間，以色列軍隊再次襲擊了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院">希法醫院</a>。以色列國防軍在該地區與哈瑪斯武裝分子發生衝突。<a href="#cite_note-297">[277]</a>據以色列國防軍稱，多位哈馬斯高級領導人在醫院的戰鬥中喪生。<a href="#cite_note-298">[278]</a> 3月25日，聯合國安理會通過決議，要求加薩立即停火，停火將持續到<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8B%E6%88%92_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99)" title="齋戒 (伊斯蘭教)">齋戒</a>剩餘時間，美國代表投了棄權票，所有其他代表都投票贊成該決議。<a href="#cite_note-299">[279]</a> 4月7日，以色列宣布從汗尤尼斯撤軍，加薩走廊北部只剩下一個旅。<a href="#cite_note-300">[280]</a>撤軍後，該城市流離失所的巴勒斯坦人民開始從加薩走廊南部地區返回。<a href="#cite_note-301">[281]</a> 4月15日，以色列消息人士稱，以色列計劃於四月中旬左右在<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E6%94%BB%E5%8B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="拉法攻勢">拉法發動地面攻勢</a>的第一步，但由於考慮對伊朗襲擊以色列的反應而推遲。<a href="#cite_note-302">[282]</a>4月25日，以色列在進攻之前加強了對拉法的打擊。<a href="#cite_note-303">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[284]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）">拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：拉法攻勢（5月6日—6月）">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E6%94%BB%E5%8B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="拉法攻勢">拉法攻勢</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IDF_Rafah_May_2024_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg/220px-IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg/330px-IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg/440px-IDF_Rafah_May_2024_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="929" /></a><figcaption>以色列國防軍在<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%82" title="拉法市">拉法市</a>的米茲拉希奧特附近執行任務。</figcaption></figure> 5月6日，以色列軍方呼籲拉法東部平民撤離至汗尤尼斯以西的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF" title="马瓦西">馬瓦西</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mawasi" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Mawasi">Al-Mawasi</a>），約10萬人受影響。<a href="#cite_note-305">[285]</a>當天晚些時候，以色列國防軍進入拉法郊區，逼近<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A3%E5%B2%B8" title="拉法口岸">拉法口岸</a>和埃及邊境。<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-306">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-307">[287]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[288]</a>5月7日，以色列軍隊控制了與埃及接壤的拉法口岸加薩一側。<a href="#cite_note-309">[289]</a>5月8日，美國總統拜登表示，如果以色列繼續大規模入侵拉法，美國將停止向以色列提供武器。<a href="#cite_note-310">[290]</a> 5月11日，以色列軍方命令更多居民撤離拉法東部和中部。<a href="#cite_note-311">[291]</a>5月15日，據聯合國稱，截至15日，估計有60萬人逃離拉法，另有10萬人逃離北部。<a href="#cite_note-312">[292]</a> 5月24日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際法院">國際法院</a>裁定以色列必須立即停止對拉法的軍事攻擊。<a href="#cite_note-313">[293]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國">聯合國</a>表示，自以色列拉法行動開始以來，只有906輛援助卡車抵達加薩。<a href="#cite_note-314">[294]</a>5月31日，美國宣布了<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E4%B8%89%E9%9A%8E%E6%AE%B5%E5%81%9C%E7%81%AB%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="以色列—哈馬斯戰爭三階段停火方案">三階段停火方案</a>以結束戰爭。<a href="#cite_note-315">[295]</a> 5月26日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="以色列空军">以色列空军</a>对<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="加沙地帶">加沙地带</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95" class="mw-disambig" title="拉法">拉法</a>西部的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E7%88%BE%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="特爾蘇丹大屠殺">特尔苏丹难民营发动空袭</a>，导致45至50人丧生，超过200人受伤。<a href="#cite_note-316">[296]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）">继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：继续在加沙地带行动（2024年6月至今）">编辑</a>]</div> 6月8日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列国防军</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%B8%9C%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%A4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="近东救济工程处">近东救济工程处</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E8%90%A5" title="努塞拉特难民营">努塞拉特难民营</a>进行<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%AA%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E6%95%91%E6%8F%B4%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="2024年努塞拉特救援行动">救援人质行动</a>，解救了四名人質，一名以色列軍官在行动中死亡。<a href="#cite_note-haaretz-rescue-317">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-arnon-dead-toi-318">[298]</a>此次行动造成至少276名巴勒斯坦人死亡，超过698人受伤。<a href="#cite_note-319">[299]</a><a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-rescue-320">[300]</a> 6月17日，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡宣佈正式解散战时内阁。<a href="#cite_note-321">[301]</a>6月20日，以色列軍方發言人、海軍少將<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C" title="丹尼尔·哈加里">丹尼爾·哈加里</a>表示，“哈瑪斯是一個想法……植根於人民心中——任何認為我們可以消滅哈瑪斯的人都是錯誤的。”<a href="#cite_note-322">[302]</a> 6月23日，以色列總理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡表示，加薩走廊與哈瑪斯最激烈的戰鬥即將結束，军方的重心可能会轉移到與真主黨交火不斷升級的黎巴嫩邊境。他還表示，他願意與哈瑪斯達成部分協議，以歸還部分人質，但戰爭將在暫停後繼續進行，以消滅哈瑪斯。哈瑪斯表示，任何協議都應包括永久停火以及以色列從加薩撤軍，而内塔尼亚胡的立場證實了他拒絕美國提出的停火協議和最近的安理會決議。<a href="#cite_note-323">[303]</a> 7月31日，伊朗革命卫队和哈马斯表示，哈马斯最高级别领导人之一的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="伊斯梅尔·哈尼亚">伊斯梅尔·哈尼亚</a>在伊朗遇袭身亡。<a href="#cite_note-324">[304]</a>伊朗聲稱將於未來幾日襲擊以色列進行報復。 8月1日，以色列表示已确认<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%A4%AB" title="穆罕默德·戴夫">穆罕默德·戴夫</a>在7月13日的空袭中丧生。<a href="#cite_note-325">[305]</a> 10月17日，哈馬斯政治領袖<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94" title="叶海亚·辛瓦尔">辛瓦尔</a>證實已被以色列擊斃。<a href="#cite_note-326">[306]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="其他對抗">其他對抗</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：其他對抗">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg/220px-Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg/330px-Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg/440px-Israel-Lebanon-Syria-border-Conflict-2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6665" data-file-height="6682" /></a><figcaption>以色列北部狀況 <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">   以色列</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="真主黨">真主黨</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a>的存在</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="敘利亞">敘利亞</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  以色列佔領的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E8%98%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="戈蘭高地">戈蘭高地</a></div> <div class="legend-line">  以色列下令撤離的地區</div> </figcaption></figure> 黎巴嫩南部的真主黨和也門的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞運動</a>對以色列發動了有限的襲擊，引發了人們對更廣泛的地區軍事衝突的擔憂。伊拉克和敘利亞的伊朗支持的民兵也與美國和以色列國防軍進行了攻擊。<a href="#cite_note-327">[307]</a>在整個戰爭期間，以色列轟炸了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="大馬士革">大馬士革</a>及其周圍的目標，<a href="#cite_note-Reuters-2023-328">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-329">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP_News-2024-330">[310]</a> 2024年4月1日伊朗駐大馬士革大使館遭到攻擊，導致伊朗做出直接反應。<a href="#cite_note-Tanyos-2024-331">[311]</a> 伊朗對以色列發動了一系列<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E5%AF%B9%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" class="mw-disambig" title="2024年伊朗对以色列的袭击">報復性空襲</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Tanyos-2024-331">[311]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN-2024-332">[312]</a> 2023年自10月7日以來，已有100多名巴勒斯坦人在約旦河西岸與以色列士兵和定居者的對抗中喪生。以色列定居者的暴力行為受到以色列國防軍的嚴厲批評。<a href="#cite_note-Tharoor-2023-333">[313]</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[314]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列-黎巴嫩邊境">以色列-黎巴嫩邊境</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：以色列-黎巴嫩邊境">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E6%99%82%E7%A8%8B%E8%A1%A8_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—真主黨衝突時程表 (2023年至今)（页面不存在）">以色列—真主黨衝突時程表 (2023年至今)</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_conflict_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)">Timeline of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)</a>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E5%88%A9%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%AD%AF%E9%87%8C%E9%81%87%E5%88%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩利赫·阿魯里遇刺（页面不存在）">薩利赫·阿魯里遇刺</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Saleh_al-Arouri" class="extiw" title="en:Assassination of Saleh al-Arouri">Assassination of Saleh al-Arouri</a>）和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E5%B0%8D%E8%A8%98%E8%80%85%E7%9A%84%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%EF%BC%882023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—真主黨衝突期間對記者的襲擊（2023年至今）（页面不存在）">以色列—真主黨衝突期間對記者的襲擊（2023年至今）</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attacks_on_journalists_during_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_conflict_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="extiw" title="en:Attacks on journalists during the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)">Attacks on journalists during the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)</a>）</div> 以色列和黎巴嫩邊境發生了一系列<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">邊境衝突</a>，10月8日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="真主黨">真主黨</a>對沙巴阿農場的以色列陣地發動砲擊；這立即遭到報復。<a href="#cite_note-335">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[316]</a>10月14日，黎巴嫩真主黨也再次宣布砲擊爭議邊境地區的以色列陣地。<a href="#cite_note-337">[317]</a>從那時起，小衝突每天都在發生。衝突已導致71名黎巴嫩人和 9 名以色列士兵死亡，<a href="#cite_note-338">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[319]</a> 此後，小規模衝突每天都在發生，並蔓延至被佔領的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E8%98%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="戈蘭高地">戈蘭高地</a>。衝突造成229名真主黨武裝分子和14名以色列士兵死亡，<a href="#cite_note-340">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[321]</a> 以及50多名黎巴嫩人和6名以色列平民、<a href="#cite_note-342">[322]</a>一名黎巴嫩陸軍士兵、<a href="#cite_note-343">[323]</a> 導致黎巴嫩55,000人流離失所，以色列數萬人流離失所。<a href="#cite_note-344">[324]</a> <a href="#cite_note-345">[325]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="廣義黎凡特地區">廣義黎凡特地區</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：廣義黎凡特地區">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E3%80%81%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E3%80%81%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0%E9%81%AD%E8%A5%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="伊拉克、敘利亞、約旦美國基地遭襲事件">伊拉克、敘利亞、約旦美國基地遭襲事件</a></div> 自2023年11月以來，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="伊拉克伊斯兰抵抗组织">伊拉克伊斯蘭抵抗組織</a>宣稱對以色列境內目標的無人機和飛彈攻擊負責，以報復以色列對加薩的巴勒斯坦平民的攻擊。該組織表示將繼續「攻擊敵方據點」。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="埃拉特">埃拉特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E6%B5%B7" title="死海">死海</a>海岸線、<a href="#cite_note-346">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-347">[327]</a>以色列佔領的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E8%98%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="戈蘭高地">戈蘭高地</a><a href="#cite_note-348">[328]</a>卡里什鑽井平台<a href="#cite_note-349">[329]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B3%95" title="海法">海法</a>灣<a href="#cite_note-350">[330]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E6%9D%9C%E5%BE%B7" title="阿什杜德">阿什杜德</a><a href="#cite_note-351">[331]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%8E%AB%E7%BA%B3%E9%95%87" title="谢莫纳镇">謝莫納鎮</a>、<a href="#cite_note-352">[332]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="臺拉維夫">臺拉維夫</a><a href="#cite_note-353">[333]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%92%99%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="拉蒙機場">拉蒙機場</a><a href="#cite_note-354">[334]</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E8%B2%BB%E8%90%8A%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="艾利費萊特（页面不存在）">艾利費萊特</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elifelet" class="extiw" title="en:Elifelet">Elifelet</a>）<a href="#cite_note-355">[335]</a>都發生了襲擊事件。 2024年1月底，伊拉克伊斯蘭抵抗組織宣布進入第二階段行動，其中包括封鎖通往以色列港口的海上航線並癱瘓這些港口。<a href="#cite_note-356">[336]</a> 此後，伊拉克伊斯蘭抵抗組織與<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞運動</a>對以色列發起聯合軍事行動，並持續協同進攻海法港的船隻。<a href="#cite_note-:11-357">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-358">[338]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg/220px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg/330px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg/440px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_Bab-el-Mandeb.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="626" /></a><figcaption>胡希武裝襲擊<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="曼德海峡">曼德海峽</a>的商船</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="胡希運動參與紅海周邊">胡希運動參與紅海周邊</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：胡希運動參與紅海周邊">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="紅海危機">紅海危機</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E5%AE%88%E6%8A%A4%E8%80%85%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="繁荣守护者行动">繁榮守護者行動</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E7%9A%AE%E6%96%AF%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿斯皮斯行動（页面不存在）">阿斯皮斯行動</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Aspides" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Aspides">Operation Aspides</a>）和<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E7%A9%BA%E8%A5%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年也門空襲">2024年葉門空襲</a></div> 據認為，針對以色列的幾次導彈攻擊都是由伊朗支持的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="胡塞运动">胡塞武裝分子</a>發起的。<a href="#cite_note-359">[339]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-361">[341]</a>10月31日，胡希武裝發言人薩裡表示，該組織已向以色列發射彈道導彈和無人機，並將繼續這樣做“以幫助巴勒斯坦人民取得勝利”<a href="#cite_note-362">[342]</a>這一事件在一些新聞網站中被誤認為是葉門的宣戰，事實上國際公認的葉門政府沒有向以色列宣戰。<a href="#cite_note-363">[343]</a> 由于胡塞武装多次袭击被认为与以色列有联系的货船，至12月16日，四家主要的集装箱航运公司（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7%E8%88%AA%E9%81%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="地中海航運公司">地中海航运</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E9%A3%9E%E6%B5%B7%E8%BF%90%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="达飞海运集团">达飞海运</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%A3%AB%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="馬士基">馬士基</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%AF%E7%BD%97%E7%89%B9" title="赫伯罗特">赫伯罗特</a>）相继宣布暂停经红海的航线，需要绕行非洲南部好望角。<a href="#cite_note-364">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-365">[345]</a> 12月18日，美国也计划组建多国舰队联盟行动“繁榮衛士行動”来保障红海的航行安全。<a href="#cite_note-366">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[347]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg/150px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg/225px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg/300px-2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war_-_West_Bank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4411" data-file-height="8705" /></a><figcaption>約旦河西岸 <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="约旦河西岸">西岸</a>(由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦自治政府">巴勒斯坦自治政府</a>直接控制的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E9%A3%9B%E5%9C%B0" title="巴勒斯坦飛地">A区与B区</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="约旦河西岸">西岸</a>(由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>直接控制的<a href="/wiki/C%E5%8D%80_(%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8)" title="C區 (約旦河西岸)">C区</a>)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="约旦河西岸">西岸</a>(由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>直接控制的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="东耶路撒冷">东耶路撒冷</a>老城区)</div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="約旦河西岸">約旦河西岸</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：約旦河西岸">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%83%E7%BE%85%E5%B1%B1%E6%A7%8D%E6%93%8A%E6%A1%88" title="掃羅山槍擊案">掃羅山槍擊案</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E6%9D%91%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2024年馬拉基村襲擊（页面不存在）">2024年馬拉基村襲擊</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Kiryat_Malakhi_attack" class="extiw" title="en:2024 Kiryat Malakhi attack">2024 Kiryat Malakhi attack</a>）和<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A5%B2%E6%93%8A%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%B8" title="2023年以色列—哈馬斯戰爭期間以色列襲擊約旦河西岸">2023年以色列—哈馬斯戰爭期間以色列襲擊約旦河西岸</a></div> 10月10日，以色列警察在東耶路撒冷殺害了兩名被指控向他們投擲石塊的巴勒斯坦人。<a href="#cite_note-368">[348]</a> 10月18日，因阿赫利阿拉伯醫院爆炸事件爆發抗議活動，據報在拉馬拉發生了衝突。<a href="#cite_note-369">[349]</a> 在傑寧，一名12歲女孩被巴勒斯坦自治政府國家安全部隊的交火擊斃，另一名青年在圖巴斯被巴勒斯坦自治政府部隊打傷。一名巴勒斯坦人在納比薩利赫與以色列軍隊的對抗中喪生，約旦河西岸另有30人受傷。<a href="#cite_note-370">[350]</a> 10月19日，在以色列隔夜襲擊約旦河西岸的過程中，60多名哈馬斯成員被捕，12人被殺，其中包括該運動在約旦河西岸的發言人哈桑·優素福。<a href="#cite_note-371">[351]</a> 10月22日，以色列襲擊了傑寧的安薩爾清真寺，稱其殺死了幾名來自哈馬斯和伊斯蘭聖戰組織的“恐怖分子”，他們計劃在裡面發動襲擊。<a href="#cite_note-372">[352]</a>幾天之內，巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰組織的高級指揮官阿米爾在傑寧難民營與以色列國防軍的衝突中被殺。<a href="#cite_note-373">[353]</a> 10月31日，以色列國防軍在舒韋卡周圍與哈馬斯交戰。<a href="#cite_note-374">[354]</a> 11月30日，兩名巴勒斯坦槍手在耶路撒冷<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%AB%E7%BD%97%E5%B1%B1" title="扫罗山">掃羅山</a>交流道的一個公車站打死3名以色列人，打傷11名以色列人。哈瑪斯聲稱對此負責。<a href="#cite_note-375">[355]</a> 2024年2月16日，一名巴勒斯坦槍手在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%A5%87%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="马拉奇城">馬拉奇城</a>開槍打死兩名以色列人，打傷四人。槍手在現場被一名休班的以色列國防軍預備役軍人擊斃。<a href="#cite_note-376">[356]</a> 4月16日，一群以色列定居者在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿克拉巴（页面不存在）">阿克拉巴</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqraba,_Nablus" class="extiw" title="en:Aqraba, Nablus">Aqraba, Nablus</a>）殺害了兩名巴勒斯坦人。<a href="#cite_note-377">[357]</a> 4月20日，在以色列襲擊約旦河西岸期間，14名巴勒斯坦人在衝突中喪生。巴勒斯坦消息來源確認其中一名受害者是武裝份子。<a href="#cite_note-378">[358]</a>而以色列則稱有14名槍手被殺。<a href="#cite_note-379">[359]</a> 5月13日，在塔爾庫米亞檢查站，一隊向加薩運送食物的卡車車隊遭到以色列定居者的襲擊，以色列定居者損壞了卡車並將物資扔在地上。<a href="#cite_note-380">[360]</a> 2023年12月，尼格夫沙漠<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E6%B3%B0%E6%9B%BC%E6%8B%98%E7%95%99%E7%87%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯德泰曼拘留營（页面不存在）">斯德泰曼</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sde_Teiman_detention_camp" class="extiw" title="en:Sde Teiman detention camp">Sde Teiman detention camp</a>）的一處軍事基地被以色列國防軍改建為拘留營。舉報人報告說，難民營中的巴勒斯坦被拘留者遭到毆打和酷刑，以及因戴手銬受傷而截肢。<a href="#cite_note-381">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[362]</a> 2024年5月，營地的情況曝光後，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="以色列最高法院">以色列最高法院</a>舉行了聽證會，以色列國防軍開始將1,200名囚犯轉移到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E5%BC%97%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧弗監獄（页面不存在）">奧弗監獄</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofer_Prison" class="extiw" title="en:Ofer Prison">Ofer Prison</a>）。<a href="#cite_note-383">[363]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="叙利亚">叙利亚</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：叙利亚">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%BD%B0%E7%82%B8%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E9%A9%BB%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF%E9%A6%86" title="2024年以色列轰炸伊朗驻叙利亚大使馆">2024年以色列轰炸伊朗驻叙利亚大使馆</a></div> 10月11日，敘利亞砲擊了<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E8%98%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="戈蘭高地">戈蘭高地</a>，以色列陸軍也發射砲彈反擊。<a href="#cite_note-384">[364]</a>10月12日，以色列空袭了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">叙利亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="大马士革国际机场">大马士革国际机场</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E9%A2%87%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="阿勒颇国际机场">阿勒颇国际机场</a>。<a href="#cite_note-385">[365]</a>10月15日，戈蘭高地再遭敘利亞砲火攻擊，以軍隨即發動反擊。<a href="#cite_note-386">[366]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="伊朗">伊朗</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：伊朗">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%B0%8D%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BB%E6%93%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023年對化學冥王星的攻擊（页面不存在）">2023年對化學冥王星的攻擊</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_attack_on_the_Chem_Pluto" class="extiw" title="en:2023 attack on the Chem Pluto">2023 attack on the Chem Pluto</a>）、<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="2024年伊朗—以色列衝突">2024年伊朗—以色列衝突</a>、<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B44%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E7%A9%BA%E8%A2%AD%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="2024年4月伊朗空袭以色列">2024年4月伊朗空襲以色列</a>、<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B44%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%A9%BA%E8%A2%AD%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="2024年4月以色列空袭伊朗">2024年4月以色列空袭伊朗</a>、<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E7%A9%BA%E8%A2%AD%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="2024年10月伊朗空袭以色列">2024年10月伊朗空襲以色列</a>和<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年10月以色列袭击伊朗">2024年10月以色列襲擊伊朗</a></div> 2023年10月7日的袭击事件发生后，伊朗领导人公开赞扬了这些袭击事件，但否认有直接参与。<a href="#cite_note-387">[367]</a> 2024年1月20日，伊朗駐敘利亞聖城旅的四名成員在大馬士革的一次空襲中喪生。<a href="#cite_note-388">[368]</a>2024年4月1日，以色列空軍對伊朗駐大馬士革領事館發動<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%BD%B0%E7%82%B8%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E9%A9%BB%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF%E9%A6%86" title="2024年以色列轰炸伊朗驻叙利亚大使馆">空襲</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%8D%AB%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队">伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队</a>圣城旅指挥官<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7-%E7%A4%BC%E8%90%A8%C2%B7%E6%89%8E%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="穆罕默德-礼萨·扎赫迪">穆罕默德-礼萨·扎赫迪</a>和几名高级军官身亡。<a href="#cite_note-389">[369]</a>4月13日晚，伊朗對<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B44%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E5%AF%B9%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年4月伊朗对以色列的袭击">以色列發動空襲</a>以報復領事館攻擊。<a href="#cite_note-390">[370]</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[371]</a> 2024年8月13日，美国白宫警告称伊朗可能在近日对以色列发动“重大”攻击。以色列军方表示处于“最高戒备状态”。<a href="#cite_note-392">[372]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="傷亡">傷亡</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：傷亡">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%93%88%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E4%BC%A4%E4%BA%A1" title="以哈战争伤亡">以哈战争伤亡</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E4%BA%BA%E8%B4%A8%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="以色列—哈马斯战争人质危机">以色列—哈马斯战争人质危机</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E8%A6%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%98%E7%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中的大規模拘留（页面不存在）">以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中的大規模拘留</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_detentions_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Mass detentions in the Israel–Hamas war">Mass detentions in the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">更多信息：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E4%B8%AD%E6%AE%BA%E5%AE%B3%E8%A8%98%E8%80%85%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中殺害記者的事件（页面不存在）">以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中殺害記者的事件</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_journalists_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Killing of journalists in the Israel–Hamas war">Killing of journalists in the Israel–Hamas war</a>）和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E4%B8%AD%E9%86%AB%E8%AD%B7%E4%BA%BA%E5%93%A1%E8%A2%AB%E6%AE%BA%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中醫護人員被殺的事件（页面不存在）">以色列-哈馬斯戰爭中醫護人員被殺的事件</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_health_workers_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Killing of health workers in the Israel–Hamas war">Killing of health workers in the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf/page1-220px-Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf/page1-330px-Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf/page1-440px-Gaza_casualties_info-graphic_19_June_2024.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1239" data-file-height="1752" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E5%8E%85" class="mw-redirect" title="联合国人道主义事务协调厅">UN OCHA</a>傷亡匯總，截至2024年6月19日</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1613" /></a><figcaption>加沙走廊賈巴利亞攜帶屍袋的男子。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel,_October_2023_(KBG_GPO05).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg/220px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg/330px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg/440px-Gaza_envelope_after_coordinated_surprise_offensive_on_Israel%2C_October_2023_%28KBG_GPO05%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>貝埃里受進攻後。</figcaption></figure> 根据<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E5%8E%85" class="mw-redirect" title="联合国人道主义事务协调厅">联合国人道主义事务协调厅</a>（OCHA）的最新统计，自2023年10月7日开战以来，以哈战争至今已造成巴勒斯坦地区38,000多人死亡，88,000多人受伤。以色列有超过1200人死亡。<a href="#cite_note-393">[373]</a> 截至2024年7月29日，有至少111名记者和新闻工作者遇难<a href="#cite_note-394">[374]</a>，另有超过224名人道主义援助工作者死亡。<a href="#cite_note-395">[375]</a> 根據以色列國防部復健部門統計，每月約有 1,000 名士兵傷亡。<a href="#cite_note-396">[376]</a> 8月14日，以色列國防部預測，到2030年，以色列國防軍將有10萬名因戰爭而殘疾的退伍軍人。<a href="#cite_note-397">[377]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="戰爭罪行">戰爭罪行</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：戰爭罪行">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%BD%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭中的戰爭罪（页面不存在）">以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭中的戰爭罪</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:War crimes in the Israel–Hamas war">War crimes in the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95" title="加薩種族滅絕">加薩種族滅絕</a></div> 自以哈戰爭開始以來，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國人權理事會">聯合國人權理事會</a>確定<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈瑪斯">哈瑪斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列國防軍</a>雙方均犯有<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%BD%AA" title="战争罪">戰爭罪</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Watch-2023-398">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNHRC-1210-399">[379]</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A2%AB%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴勒斯坦被佔領土問題獨立國際調查委員會（页面不存在）">巴勒斯坦被佔領土問題獨立國際調查委員會</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_the_Occupied_Palestinian_Territory" class="extiw" title="en:Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory">Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory</a>）表示，“有明確證據表明，以色列和哈瑪斯最近爆發的暴力事件可能犯下了戰爭罪，必須追究所有違反國際法並針對平民的人的責任。”<a href="#cite_note-UN11-400">[380]</a><a href="#cite_note-ohchr-401">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-402">[382]</a> 10月27日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%AB%98%E7%B4%9A%E5%B0%88%E5%93%A1%E8%BE%A6%E4%BA%8B%E8%99%95" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國人權事務高級專員辦事處">聯合國人權事務高級專員辦事處</a>發言人呼籲成立獨立法庭，審查雙方可能犯下的戰爭罪行。<a href="#cite_note-403">[383]</a> 12月29日，南非向<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際法院">國際法院</a>提起針對以色列的訴訟，指控以色列的行為構成種族滅絕。<a href="#cite_note-404">[384]</a><a href="#cite_note-405">[385]</a>南非要求國際法院發布臨時措施，包括命令以色列停止在加薩的軍事行動。<a href="#cite_note-406">[386]</a>國際法院2024年1月26日作出的臨時裁決命令以色列採取措施防止加薩發生種族滅絕行為，也必須允許向加薩提供人道主義援助，但沒有下令停火。<a href="#cite_note-407">[387]</a>南非也是2023年11月將戰爭移交<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際刑事法院">國際刑事法院</a>的五個國家之一<a href="#cite_note-408">[388]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="國際刑事法院">國際刑事法院</a>確認，其調查<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E5%9C%A8%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5" title="國際刑事法院在巴勒斯坦的調查">2014年6月以來在巴勒斯坦犯下的戰爭罪</a>指控的任務延伸至當前衝突。<a href="#cite_note-409">[389]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNHRC-1210-399">[379]</a><a href="#cite_note-410">[390]</a>2024年5月20日，國際刑事法院檢察官<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E9%82%81%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B1%97" title="卡里姆·艾哈邁德·汗">卡里姆·汗</a>宣布打算對哈马斯領導人辛瓦、德伊夫和哈尼亞，以及以色列总理納坦雅胡和國防部長加蘭特尋求逮捕令，罪名是涉嫌戰爭罪和反人類罪。<a href="#cite_note-411">[391]</a><a href="#cite_note-412">[392]</a><a href="#cite_note-413">[393]</a> 6月7日，以色列和哈瑪斯均被列入聯合國秘書長提交的記錄武裝衝突中侵犯兒童權利的年度報告附件中的「恥辱名單」。儘管過去的報告指責以色列嚴重侵犯兒童權利，但該國從未被列入附件。<a href="#cite_note-414">[394]</a><a href="#cite_note-415">[395]</a> 6月19日，聯合國<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A2%AB%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴勒斯坦被佔領土問題獨立國際調查委員會（页面不存在）">巴勒斯坦被佔領土問題獨立國際調查委員會</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_the_Occupied_Palestinian_Territory" class="extiw" title="en:Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory">Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory</a>）向<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國人權理事會">聯合國人權理事會</a>提交了一份<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭的外交影響（页面不存在）">詳細報告</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_impact_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war#United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" class="extiw" title="en:Diplomatic impact of the Israel–Hamas war">Diplomatic impact of the Israel–Hamas war#United Nations Human Rights Council</a>）了2023年10月7日至12月31日的戰爭，確認哈瑪斯和以色列均犯有戰爭罪，以色列的行為也構成危害人類罪。<a href="#cite_note-416">[396]</a><a href="#cite_note-417">[397]</a><a href="#cite_note-418">[398]</a><a href="#cite_note-419">[399]</a><a href="#cite_note-420">[400]</a> 報告發現，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯">哈瑪斯</a>軍事部門和其他六個巴勒斯坦武裝團體對故意攻擊平民、謀殺或故意殺戮、虐殺、酷刑、性侵、不人道或殘忍待遇、摧毀或奪取對手財產等戰爭罪負有責任，侵犯個人尊嚴並劫持人質，包括兒童。<a href="#cite_note-421">[401]</a><a href="#cite_note-422">[402]</a> 關於以色列在加薩的軍事行動和襲擊，委員會得出結論認為，以色列當局應對以飢餓作為作戰方法、謀殺或故意殺戮、故意針對平民和民用物體進行攻擊、強行轉移、性暴力等戰爭罪負責。酷刑和不人道或殘忍待遇、任意拘留和侵犯個人尊嚴。它還發現以色列犯下了許多反人類罪，包括對巴勒斯坦人進行滅絕以及針對巴勒斯坦男子和男孩的性別迫害<a href="#cite_note-423">[403]</a><a href="#cite_note-424">[404]</a><a href="#cite_note-425">[405]</a>。該委員會表示，作為<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%88%91%E4%BA%8B%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E5%9C%A8%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5" title="國際刑事法院在巴勒斯坦的調查">國際刑事法院在巴勒斯坦的調查</a>的一部分，他們已向國際刑事法院提交了7,000份與以色列和哈瑪斯所犯罪行有關的證據。<a href="#cite_note-426">[406]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各方反應">各方反應</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：各方反應">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對以色列—哈馬斯戰爭的反應（页面不存在）">對以色列—哈馬斯戰爭的反應</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Reactions to the Israel–Hamas war">Reactions to the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美国">美国</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：美国">编辑</a>]</div> 10月9日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國防部">美國國防部</a>下令<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="美國海軍">美國海軍</a>派遣<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E7%89%B9%E8%99%9F%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6" title="福特號航空母艦">福特號</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6%E6%89%93%E6%93%8A%E7%BE%A4" title="航空母艦打擊群">航空母艦打擊群</a>駛往東<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="地中海">地中海</a>全力協助以色列。<a href="#cite_note-427">[407]</a> 10月11日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%83%E8%AC%80%E9%95%B7%E8%81%AF%E5%B8%AD%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="美國參謀長聯席會議">美國參謀長聯席會議</a>（JCS）<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%83%E8%AC%80%E9%95%B7%E8%81%AF%E5%B8%AD%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="美國參謀長聯席會議主席">主席</a>空軍上將<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7Q%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97" title="小查爾斯·Q·布朗">布朗</a>在記者會上表示：「目前沒有任何跡象表明其他參與者打算介入衝突、損害以色列的利益。」<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國家安全會議">美國國家安全會議</a>發言人<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E6%AF%94" title="约翰·柯比">柯比</a>稱，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%87%B7%E7%89%B9%C2%B7D%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E6%A3%AE%E8%B1%AA%E8%99%9F%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6" title="德懷特·D·艾森豪號航空母艦">德懷特·D·艾森豪號航空母艦</a>很快就會按預定計畫抵達地中海，若有需要，第2艘美國航艦也可就位，表達美方對以色列的支持。<a href="#cite_note-428">[408]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列反應">以色列反應</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：以色列反應">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="紧急联合政府">紧急联合政府</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：紧急联合政府">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%88%98%E6%97%B6%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="以色列战时内阁">以色列战时内阁</a></div>在反对党中，<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%81%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86" title="擁有未來">擁有未來</a>党主席和前任总理<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%9A%AE%E5%BE%B7" title="亚伊尔·拉皮德">拉皮德</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%A2%E7%BB%93_(%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家团结 (政党)（页面不存在）">国家团结</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Unity_(political_alliance)" class="extiw" title="en:National Unity (political alliance)">National Unity (political alliance)</a>）党主席<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%8C%A8" title="本尼·甘茨">甘茨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%98%AF%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD" title="以色列是我们的家园">以色列是我们的家园</a>党主席<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E6%A0%BC%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E4%BC%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="阿维格多·利伯曼">利伯曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A" title="以色列工党">工党</a>主席领导人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%85%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梅拉夫·迈克尔（页面不存在）">迈克尔</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merav_Michaeli" class="extiw" title="en:Merav Michaeli">Merav Michaeli</a>）发表联合声明，表示全力支持以色列国防军，并与政府团结一致：“在这样的时刻，以色列不存在反对党和联合政府之分。”<a href="#cite_note-429">[409]</a><a href="#cite_note-430">[410]</a> 在拉皮德敦促内塔尼亚胡“搁置分歧，组建紧急、精简、专业的政府”后<a href="#cite_note-Keller-Lynn2-431">[411]</a>，内塔尼亚胡提议让擁有未來党和国家团结党加入由他的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%93%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="利库德集团">利库德集团</a>领导的联合政府<a href="#cite_note-432">[412]</a>。拉皮德表示，由于<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%AC%AC37%E5%B1%8A%E5%86%85%E9%98%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列第37届内阁（页面不存在）">现任内阁</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-seventh_government_of_Israel" class="extiw" title="en:Thirty-seventh government of Israel">Thirty-seventh government of Israel</a>）“极端且功能失调”，以色列无法有效地管理战争，他敦促内塔尼亚胡将极右翼的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E9%94%A1%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%80%85%E5%85%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="宗教锡安主义者党">宗教锡安主义者党</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=Otzma_Yehudit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otzma Yehudit（页面不存在）">Otzma Yehudit</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otzma_Yehudit" class="extiw" title="en:Otzma Yehudit">Otzma Yehudit</a>）党排除在外，作为擁有未來党加入紧急联合政府的条件<a href="#cite_note-Keller-Lynn2-431">[411]</a>。国家团结党于10月9日与利库德集团会面，讨论组建联合政府的事宜<a href="#cite_note-433">[413]</a>。 10月11日，利库德集团和民族团结党发表联合声明，正式宣布成立紧急团结政府，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%8C%A8" title="本尼·甘茨">甘茨</a>加入<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%88%98%E6%97%B6%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="以色列战时内阁">战时内阁</a>，由内塔尼亚胡任总理，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="约阿夫·加兰特">加兰特</a>任国防部长。声明表示，除与哈马斯正在进行的战斗有关的政策和法律外，联合政府将不再推行任何不相关的政策和法律<a href="#cite_note-:162-434">[414]</a>。战时内阁于10月12日获得<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" title="以色列國會">以色列國會</a>批准<a href="#cite_note-435">[415]</a>。它大大削弱了内塔尼亚胡以前的极右翼联盟伙伴对战争指挥的影响力，这也是甘茨的要求之一<a href="#cite_note-436">[416]</a>。据《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%9F%E6%8A%A5" title="国土报">国土报</a>》报道，以色列国防军前参谋长<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E6%9B%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加迪·艾曾科特（页面不存在）">艾曾科特</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadi_Eizenkot" class="extiw" title="en:Gadi Eizenkot">Gadi Eizenkot</a>）和战略事务部长<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E9%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗恩·德尔默（页面不存在）">德尔默</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Dermer" class="extiw" title="en:Ron Dermer">Ron Dermer</a>）将作为观察员加入该战时内阁<a href="#cite_note-:162-434">[414]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A man with graying hair is crying and visibly distressed." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>10月8日，賈巴利亞<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="印度尼西亚医院">印度尼西亚医院</a>遭受空襲後男子的反應。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="巴勒斯坦反應">巴勒斯坦反應</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：巴勒斯坦反應">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="巴勒斯坦自治政府">巴勒斯坦自治政府</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：巴勒斯坦自治政府">编辑</a>]</div> 巴勒斯坦<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="巴勒斯坦总统">总统</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF" title="马哈茂德·阿巴斯">阿巴斯</a>表示，巴勒斯坦人民有权捍卫自己，反对「定居者和占领军的恐怖行为」。<a href="#cite_note-437">[417]</a>，认为以色列命令居民撤離加薩北部的命令將構成第二次災難。<a href="#cite_note-438">[418]</a>不過他也表示哈马斯的行动不代表巴勒斯坦人民。<a href="#cite_note-439">[419]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="巴勒斯坦总理">巴勒斯坦總理</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BB%80%E5%A1%94%E8%80%B6" title="穆罕默德·什塔耶">什塔耶</a>表示，一切責任均在以方，以色列制造仇恨、暴力，违反了国际法，国际社会对以色列的包庇是在鼓勵以色列犯下更多罪行<a href="#cite_note-440">[420]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦外交部">巴勒斯坦外交部</a>表示巴方此前就每天的挑衅和袭击、定居者和占领军的持续<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="恐怖主义">恐怖主义</a>行为，以及对<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="阿克萨清真寺">阿克萨清真寺</a>及基督教和伊斯兰教圣地袭击的后果提出了警告。國際社會對以色列佔領軍的犯罪和種族行徑保持沈默是導致暴力衝突爆發以及巴勒斯坦地區缺乏和平與安全的主要原因。<a href="#cite_note-441">[421]</a>巴方呼籲结束以色列对巴勒斯坦土地的占领，支持在1967年两国边界的基础上，建立一个以东耶路撒冷为首都的巴勒斯坦国。<a href="#cite_note-442">[422]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="巴勒斯坦总理">巴勒斯坦</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" title="巴勒斯坦卫生部">衛生部</a>稱，約旦河西岸已造成61人死亡、1,250人受傷。<a href="#cite_note-443">[423]</a> 巴勒斯坦囚犯俱樂部表示，自戰爭開始以來，已有850名巴勒斯坦人被以色列當局逮捕，包括議員、知名人士、記者和前被拘留者。<a href="#cite_note-444">[424]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="加薩走廊政府">加薩走廊政府</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：加薩走廊政府">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="加薩走廊教育部">加薩走廊教育部</a>表示，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="加薩走廊">加薩走廊</a>的学校已关闭，直至另行通知。<a href="#cite_note-铁-445">[425]</a>隸屬哈馬斯的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="加薩衛生部">加薩衛生部</a>呼吁民眾献血。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%96%A9%E5%85%A7%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="加薩內政部">加薩內政部</a>發言人表示，以色列說他們的目標是抵抗組織<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈瑪斯">哈瑪斯</a>基礎設施，這是在撒謊，並且加薩的每個人都是目標。<a href="#cite_note-446">[426]</a>。加薩市長薩拉吉在接受采訪時敦促國際社會支持受害者，支持巴勒斯坦人，稱以色列的封鎖違反國際法。<a href="#cite_note-447">[427]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading6"><h6 id="哈瑪斯">哈瑪斯</h6>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=34" title="编辑章节：哈瑪斯">编辑</a>]</div> 哈馬斯副領導人<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%88%A9%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%B2%81%E9%87%8C" title="萨利赫·阿鲁里">阿魯里</a>告訴<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="半島電視台">半島電視台</a>，其部隊已劫持了足夠多的以色列人質，以確保以色列釋放巴勒斯坦囚犯。<a href="#cite_note-未命名_3-20231105164527-448">[428]</a><a href="#cite_note-449">[429]</a>哈瑪斯發言人阿布‧奧貝達表示，他們將被俘的以色列士兵關押在「安全地點」和隧道中。<a href="#cite_note-未命名_3-20231105164527-448">[428]</a>目前估計囚犯人數在4,499 至 5,200人之間，其中包括170名兒童。<a href="#cite_note-450">[430]</a>交換囚犯在阿以衝突中早已存在。<a href="#cite_note-451">[431]</a>2006年，哈馬斯抓獲吉拉德·沙利特，迫使以色列釋放1,000名巴勒斯坦人，其中一些被以色列判犯有恐怖主義罪。<a href="#cite_note-452">[432]</a> 10月10日，哈瑪斯官員巴塞姆·納伊姆否認有任何平民被殺，稱只有以色列士兵被殺。<a href="#cite_note-453">[433]</a>10月11日，哈瑪斯在一份聲明中再次否認它殺害了平民，並表示其軍事部門“努力針對以色列軍事和安全系統”，稱其為“合法目標”。<a href="#cite_note-454">[434]</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E8%81%96%E6%88%B0%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰組織">巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰組織</a>的發言人表示，由於以色列實行<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%BE%81%E5%85%B5%E5%88%B6" title="以色列征兵制">義務兵役制</a>，他們不認為以色列人是平民。<a href="#cite_note-455">[435]</a> 哈瑪斯高級官員<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%AB%8B%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="哈立德·马沙尔">哈立德·馬沙爾</a>表示，該組織完全意識到襲擊以色列的後果，並表示巴勒斯坦的解放伴隨著犧牲。<a href="#cite_note-456">[436]</a> 哈瑪斯媒體顧問塔希爾·努努表示，哈馬斯的目標是建立永久的戰爭狀態。哈馬斯還拒絕了其治理加薩的責任，哈利勒·哈亞表示，“哈馬斯的目標不是管理加薩並為其帶來水和電等。<a href="#cite_note-457">[437]</a> 哈瑪斯官員表示，他們預計以色列將進行嚴厲報復，並「為犧牲烈士而感到自豪」。<a href="#cite_note-458">[438]</a> 哈瑪斯希望這次襲擊能引發針對以色列的更廣泛的戰爭。<a href="#cite_note-459">[439]</a><a href="#cite_note-460">[440]</a> 2024年1月21日，哈瑪斯就10月7日的襲擊發表了一份長達16頁的聲明<a href="#cite_note-461">[441]</a>，稱這是「對抗以色列針對巴勒斯坦人民的所有陰謀的必要步驟和正常反應」。聲明稱，襲擊期間“可能發生了一些故障”，“是由於以色列安全和軍事系統的迅速崩潰，以及與加薩邊境地區造成的混亂”，哈瑪斯表示，“如果有任何針對平民的事件，那也是偶然發生的。” <a href="#cite_note-462">[442]</a><a href="#cite_note-463">[443]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="國際反應">國際反應</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=35" title="编辑章节：國際反應">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AF%B9%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="国际社会对以色列—哈马斯战争的反应">国际社会对以色列—哈马斯战争的反应</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="聯合國反應">聯合國反應</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=36" title="编辑章节：聯合國反應">编辑</a>]</div> 10月11日，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%98%E4%B9%A6%E9%95%BF" title="联合国秘书长">聯合國秘書長</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" title="安东尼奥·古特雷斯">安东尼奥·古特雷斯</a>呼籲中東各方防止衝突蔓延。<a href="#cite_note-464">[444]</a>10月13日，世界卫生组织希望埃及通过拉法口岸恢复向加沙地带提供基本物资以及医疗用品援助。<a href="#cite_note-465">[445]</a> 10月24日，古特雷斯呼籲立即進行人道主義停火，以提供急需資源，並強調必須遵守戰爭規則，稱須認識到哈馬斯的襲擊“不是憑空發生”，他稱“以色列军队对加沙的无情轰炸、平民伤亡的程度以及对居民区的大规模破坏继续加剧，令人深感震惊。”<a href="#cite_note-466">[446]</a><a href="#cite_note-467">[447]</a> 以色列外長科恩批評古特雷斯這番言論如同合理化恐怖主義行徑，因此取消會見古特雷斯，駐聯合國大使埃爾丹更要求古特雷斯辭職。他表示因古特雷斯的言論，以方拒絕向聯合國代表發簽證。聯合國人道主義事務副秘書長格里菲斯的簽證申請已率先被拒。古特雷斯表示「對以方歪曲其言論感到震驚」。<a href="#cite_note-:2-468">[448]</a><a href="#cite_note-469">[449]</a> 2024年4月5日，古特雷斯批評以色列在衝突中造成大量援助人員死亡。<a href="#cite_note-470">[450]</a> 2024年7月23日，秘书长发言人杜加里克在例行简报会上回答记者提问时表示，秘书长古特雷斯非常欢迎巴勒斯坦各派签署《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80_(2024%E5%B9%B4)" title="北京宣言 (2024年)">北京宣言</a>》，并对中国以及其他参与推动这一进程的国家所作的努力表示赞赏。秘书长鼓励所有派别通过对话克服分歧，并敦促他们落实在北京作出的承诺和签署的宣言。杜加里克还表示，联合国将继续致力于与所有利益攸关方合作，根据联合国决议和国际法，全面解决以巴冲突，以实现以色列和巴勒斯坦在安全和公认的边界内，以1967年前的界线为基础，以耶路撒冷为两国首都，和平、安全地毗邻共存。<a href="#cite_note-471">[451]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg/220px-UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg/330px-UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg/440px-UN_Resolution_regarding_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>這張地圖顯示了各國及其各自在<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%ACES-10/21%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第ES-10/21號決議">联合国大会第ES-10/21号决议</a>中的投票情況，該決議呼籲“立即和持續”的人道主義停火和停止敵對行動 <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  贊成</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  反對</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  棄權</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  缺席</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend">  非會員國</div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="聯合國大會">聯合國大會</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=37" title="编辑章节：聯合國大會">编辑</a>]</div> 2023年10月26日，約旦代表22個阿拉伯國家草擬的決議案提交聯合國大會，要求以色列和哈瑪斯立即人道主義停火，讓援助物資進入加薩走廊並保護平民，並譴責所有針對巴以平民的暴行<a href="#cite_note-:0-472">[452]</a><a href="#cite_note-473">[453]</a>。 10月27日聯合國大會以121票贊成、14票反對、44票棄權<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%ACES-10/21%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第ES-10/21號決議">通過決議</a>，呼吁立即在当前冲突中实行持久和持续的人道主义休战。<a href="#cite_note-:1-474">[454]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-472">[452]</a> 12月12日，联合国大会以壓倒性多數（153票赞成、23票弃权、10票反对），通过了一项<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%ACES-10/22%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国大会第ES-10/22号决议">不具约束力的决议</a>，呼吁立即停火、立即无条件释放人质、确保人道主义准入。<a href="#cite_note-475">[455]</a> 2024年9月18日，聯合國大會以壓倒性票數（124 票贊成、14 票反對、43 票棄權）通過了一項決議，要求以色列「毫不拖延地結束其在巴勒斯坦被佔領土上的非法存在」。<a href="#cite_note-476">[456]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="聯合國安理會">聯合國安理會</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=38" title="编辑章节：聯合國安理會">编辑</a>]</div> 10月8日下午，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E7%90%86%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="联合国安理会">联合国安理会</a>举行了紧急闭门磋商会议。<a href="#cite_note-477">[457]</a> 自巴以冲突爆发以来，联合国安理会有关巴以冲突的前四份决议草案均未获通过。2023年11月15日通过了一份<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC2712%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会第2712号决议">長時間暂停决议</a>，2024年3月25日通过了一份<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC2728%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会第2728号决议">停火决议</a>。 2023年10月16日，俄羅斯提出的決議草案譴責針對平民的暴行及恐怖主義，但未提及哈馬斯。在聯合國安理會獲得5票赞成、4票反對、6票棄權而不通過。<a href="#cite_note-478">[458]</a> 10月18日，巴西主導的停火決議草案在安理會获得12票赞成、1票反對、2票棄權，因常任理事国美國行使否决权而未通過；美國否決的理由是該案文沒有提及以色列的自衛權。<a href="#cite_note-479">[459]</a><a href="#cite_note-480">[460]</a><a href="#cite_note-481">[461]</a> 10月25日，俄罗斯和美国分别向联合国安理会提出了一份决议草案，其中俄罗斯的草案在联合国安理会获得4票赞成、2票反對、9票棄權，由于表决没有获得至少9票赞成，因而草案未能获得通过；美国的草案获得10票赞成、3票反對、2票棄權，由于常任理事国中国和俄罗斯行使否决權而未通过。俄羅斯否決的理由是該案文沒有提及以色列對加沙平民和民用設施的無差別攻擊；中國否決的理由是該案文沒有明確立即停火，也沒有敦促以色列解除對加沙的全面封鎖，撤銷加沙北部疏散令，這只會進一步擴大人道危機。<a href="#cite_note-482">[462]</a><a href="#cite_note-483">[463]</a> 11月15日，联合国安理会以12票赞成、无反对、3票弃权，通过由马耳他提交的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC2712%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会第2712号决议">决议</a>，呼吁在加沙紧急实施長時間的人道主义暂停和建立人道走廊，以便向巴勒斯坦平民提供人道主义援助。<a href="#cite_note-484">[464]</a><a href="#cite_note-485">[465]</a><a href="#cite_note-486">[466]</a> 12月8日，世界領導人、國際特赦組織、人權觀察組織和聯合國官員批評美國否決了聯合國安理會呼籲立即人道主義停火的決議。英國投了棄權票，其餘13名理事會成員投了贊成票。<a href="#cite_note-487">[467]</a><a href="#cite_note-488">[468]</a><a href="#cite_note-489">[469]</a>作為對美國否決的回應，埃及引用了<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%AC377%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第377號決議">第377A號決議</a>，該決議允許聯合國大會解決被聯合國安理會忽視的威脅全球安全的問題。<a href="#cite_note-490">[470]</a> 12月22日，联合国安理会以13票赞成、无反对、2票弃权，通过由阿联酋提交的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC2720%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会第2720号决议">决议</a>，呼吁增加对加沙人道主义危机的援助，包括供应燃料、食品、医疗用品，明确要求开放所有加沙过境点给人道主义援助，并立即任命一名加沙高级主义和重建协调员。<a href="#cite_note-491">[471]</a><a href="#cite_note-UN.ORG-492">[472]</a><a href="#cite_note-493">[473]</a> 2024年3月25日以14票赞成、美国弃权通过了<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC2728%E5%8F%B7%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会第2728号决议">联合国安全理事会第2728号决议</a>。根据该决议，安全理事会要求斋月期间在加沙地带立即停火，以实现长期、可持续的停火。<a href="#cite_note-494">[474]</a> 2024年6月10日以后，联合国安全理事会陆续通过了2735号和2737号等决议<a href="#cite_note-495">[475]</a><a href="#cite_note-496">[476]</a>，但决议都未能如实落实。战争依然继续。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="联合国人权理事会">联合国人权理事会</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=39" title="编辑章节：联合国人权理事会">编辑</a>]</div> 联合国人权理事会人权专家表示，在许多情境下，倡导终结加沙地带的暴力和袭击、呼吁人道主义停火，或对以色列政府的政策和行动提出批评，经常被错误地视为支持<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="恐怖主义">恐怖主义</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="反犹太主义">反犹太主义</a>。这种误解抑制了艺术表达和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AE%BA%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="言论自由">言论自由</a>，引发公众对参与公共生活的恐惧。媒体和艺术界受到沉默的压力，学术和体育领域遭受打压，仇恨言论引起广泛担忧。<a href="#cite_note-497">[477]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=40" title="编辑章节：世界卫生组织">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a>发言人林德迈尔表示，加沙的卫生系统岌岌可危，他于12月8日在日内瓦讲话，指责以色列对无辜平民进行了一场战役，过去两个月来这些无辜平民一直是袭击的目标，这些袭击“切断了加沙的水、食物和任何生活必需品”，“这种局势必须结束。这种冷酷无情必须结束，我们需要停火，我们现在需要停火”。<a href="#cite_note-498">[478]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_3" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/170px--Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="170" height="302" data-durationhint="11" data-mwtitle="Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now!_-_20231028_193315.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now!_-_20231028_193315.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="270" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="406" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="608" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1080" data-height="1920" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="82" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="136" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm/Toronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AToronto_rally_for_Palestine_-_Ceasefire_Now%21_-_20231028_193315.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English‪（en）‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>加拿大<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%80%AB%E5%A4%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="多倫多">多倫多</a>集會上要求“立即停火”.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="影响">影响</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=41" title="编辑章节：影响">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的影響（页面不存在）">以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的影響</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of the Israel–Hamas war">Effects of the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="教育">教育</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=42" title="编辑章节：教育">编辑</a>]</div> 截至2024年4月，加沙地帶80%以上的学校被破坏或摧毁，至少62万5000名学生无法接受教育。加沙地帶已有超过5479名学生、261名教师和95名大学教授丧生，超过7819名学生和756名教师受伤<a href="#cite_note-499">[479]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="示威或支持行動">示威或支持行動</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=43" title="编辑章节：示威或支持行動">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%93%88%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%96%93%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%AF%84%E5%9C%8D%E5%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%97%E8%AD%B0" title="以哈戰爭期間全球範圍內的抗議">以哈戰爭期間全球範圍內的抗議</a></div>2023年10月7日至11月24日期間，世界各地至少爆發了7,283起支持巴勒斯坦的抗议活动和845起支持以色列的抗议活动。 <a href="#cite_note-500">[480]</a> 其中大多集中于美国、欧洲等政府支持以色列的北约国家。<a href="#cite_note-501">[481]</a> 2024年1月7日，澳大利亚生效了新法律，禁止行<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B2%B9%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="纳粹礼">纳粹礼</a>以及展示或出售与恐怖组织有关的标志，以应对以色列对哈马斯战争后发生的更多反犹太事件<a href="#cite_note-502">[482]</a>。2024年1月25日，美佐治亚州通过了一项法案，在州法律中定义的反犹太主义描述为「对犹太人的某种看法，可以表现为对犹太人的仇恨」，以应对以色列对哈马斯的战争后的反犹太情绪<a href="#cite_note-503">[483]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="外交影響">外交影響</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=44" title="编辑章节：外交影響">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭的外交影響（页面不存在）">以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭的外交影響</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_impact_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Diplomatic impact of the Israel–Hamas war">Diplomatic impact of the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> 戰爭引發重大<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="國際事件">外交危機</a>，許多國家對衝突反應強烈，影響了區域關係的動力。<a href="#cite_note-504">[484]</a>至少有九個國家採取了嚴厲措施，召回大使並與以色列斷絕外交關係。<a href="#cite_note-505">[485]</a><a href="#cite_note-506">[486]</a>這場衝突也導致人們重新關注當前衝突的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="兩國方案">兩國解決方案</a>。<a href="#cite_note-507">[487]</a><a href="#cite_note-508">[488]</a> 由于造成大量平民伤亡，根据2024年1月早晨諮詢（Morning Consult）發布的民意調查显示，自加沙战争开始以来全球对以色列的支持已大幅下降。美国仍然是唯一一个仍然对以色列持积极看法的富裕国家。<a href="#cite_note-d904-509">[489]</a> 2024年1月26日，聯合國一個專責處理巴勒斯坦難民的機構指收到由以色列提供的資料，有多名僱員涉嫌參與武裝組織哈馬斯去年10月向以色列發動的突襲，已解僱他們並展開調查。美國說調查期間，暫停向該機構提供額外資金。<a href="#cite_note-510">[490]</a><a href="#cite_note-511">[491]</a>澳洲、加拿大及義大利亦表示暫停對該機構提供資金。<a href="#cite_note-512">[492]</a> 2024年10月，法国总统马克龙表示，应停止向以色列输送用以在加沙地帶作战的武器。<a href="#cite_note-513">[493]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="阿拉伯国家">阿拉伯国家</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=45" title="编辑章节：阿拉伯国家">编辑</a>]</div> 10月13日，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯">沙特阿拉伯</a>批评以色列将巴勒斯坦人赶出加沙并袭击“手无寸铁的平民”。10月14日，沙特阿拉伯決定暂停与以色列关系正常化的谈判。10月27日，沙特阿拉伯警告美国，以色列入侵加沙将“对中东造成灾难性的後果”。<a href="#cite_note-514">[494]</a>戰爭爆發後，玻利维亚宣布与以色列断交，智利、约旦、哥伦比亚、洪都拉斯、土耳其等国宣布召回本国驻以色列大使。以色列宣佈召回駐西班牙大使。<a href="#cite_note-515">[495]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=46" title="编辑章节：俄罗斯">编辑</a>]</div> 2024年1月22日，以色列外交部抨击俄罗斯一再试图证明其<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭">入侵乌克兰</a>是为了对抗新纳粹主义的宣传而淡化大屠杀对犹太人民的影响。克里姆林宫外交部发言人<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E6%89%8E%E5%93%88%E7%BD%97%E5%A8%83" title="玛丽亚·扎哈罗娃">扎哈罗娃</a>早前为俄乌战争批评德国对犹太国家的“不受限制的支持”，而系统性地忽视了非犹太欧洲少数民族的困境。以色列在外交论文表示“俄罗斯部长的言论“歪曲了大屠杀”，“对受害者和幸存者有害”，并感谢德国的明确支持及其反对南非毫无根据的主张的立场。<a href="#cite_note-516">[496]</a> 2月5日，以色列驻莫斯科大使哈珀林在接受《俄罗斯日报》采访中批评俄罗斯作为遭受了10月7日恐怖袭击的国家之一，不但不支持以色列对恐怖主义的斗争，还与南非的诉讼保持声援令人担忧，因此已失去以色列人的同情。<a href="#cite_note-517">[497]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="世界经济影响">世界经济影响</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=47" title="编辑章节：世界经济影响">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的經濟影響（页面不存在）">以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的經濟影響</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Economic impact of the Israel–Hamas war">Economic impact of the Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palestine_ambulance_strike.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Palestine_ambulance_strike.png/220px-Palestine_ambulance_strike.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Palestine_ambulance_strike.png/330px-Palestine_ambulance_strike.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Palestine_ambulance_strike.png/440px-Palestine_ambulance_strike.png 2x" data-file-width="1353" data-file-height="835" /></a><figcaption>被以色列空袭击毁的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BA%A2%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E4%B8%8E%E7%BA%A2%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="国际红十字与红新月运动">红新月会</a>救护车。</figcaption></figure> 衝突爆發後以色列股市重挫。<a href="#cite_note-518">[498]</a>油价上涨3%。<a href="#cite_note-519">[499]</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%9D%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="輝達">輝達</a>取消原訂10月15至16日在特拉維夫舉行的AI峰會。<a href="#cite_note-520">[500]</a>原本要在特拉维夫举行的足球比赛和在海法舉辦的国际电影节取消。<a href="#cite_note-521">[501]</a>外國遊客取消赴以色列旅遊計劃。<a href="#cite_note-522">[502]</a> 包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%B0%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="国泰航空">国泰航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="大韩航空">大韩航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="加拿大航空">加拿大航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="印度航空">印度航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%AE%89%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="瑞安航空">瑞安航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%8E%8E%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="汉莎航空">汉莎航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E7%A9%BF%E6%A2%AD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="挪威穿梭航空">挪威航空</a>在内的多家航空公司宣布取消飞往以色列的航班，海南航空仅保留深圳至特拉维夫航班，取消了从北京和上海飞往特拉维夫的航班。<a href="#cite_note-523">[503]</a><a href="#cite_note-524">[504]</a> 11月初，根據以色列中央统计局的调查，衝突爆發後以色列市場对产品和服务的需求下降、劳动力不足、供给和物流运输困难，约51%的以色列企业收入损失超过50%，员工规模5到10人的小企业中约57%“严重亏损”。另外以色列特拉维夫证券交易所基准指数TA-35大幅下跌。以色列货币新谢克尔对美元汇率持续下跌，促使以色列央行抛售300亿美元外汇储备稳定汇率。标准普尔将以色列主权信用评级展望从“稳定”下调至“负面”；惠誉将以色列“A+”的长期外币和本币发行人违约评级列入负面观察名单。<a href="#cite_note-q109-525">[505]</a>2023年四季度，以色列经济同比下跌20.7%，个人消费同比下降27.3%，商品和服务进口同比下降42.4%，固定资产投资下跌68.4%，而政府支出则暴增83.7%。截至2024年4月5日，爱尔兰、挪威等國主权财富基金開始從以色列公司撤资。<a href="#cite_note-526">[506]</a> 埃及的旅遊業受衝突影響，埃镑对美元汇率下跌，推升埃及通胀压力。黎巴嫩经济急剧恶化，食品等必需品供应压力增大，餐饮和汽车租赁业大幅萎缩。贝鲁特港海运业务受到冲击。衝突给约旦旅游等行业带来负面影响，而数万名约旦民众参与声援巴勒斯坦的游行集会，使得約旦日常经济活动受到影响。<a href="#cite_note-q109-525">[505]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年紅海危機">2023年紅海危機</a>和<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E7%A9%BA%E8%A5%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年也門空襲">2024年也門空襲</a></div> 戰爭爆發後，由於反對以色列的胡塞武裝襲擊途徑曼德海峡及红海的货轮，12月15日、16日，4家航运企业宣布旗下货轮暂时避开需要经过红海的苏伊士运河航线。<a href="#cite_note-527">[507]</a>从上海发往欧洲的运费短期內上涨了约6成。<a href="#cite_note-528">[508]</a>12月26日左右，馬士基、達飛海運等公司相繼宣布復航。<a href="#cite_note-529">[509]</a>12月31日，馬士基表示，旗下一艘商船遭到攻擊，該公司決定未來48小時將暫停通過紅海曼德海峽。<a href="#cite_note-530">[510]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分析">分析</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=48" title="编辑章节：分析">编辑</a>]</div> 以色列在加沙的战争表明了日益加深的全球分歧。<a href="#cite_note-global_divide-531">[511]</a> 許多西方国家如美國、英國和德國在軍事和外交上向以色列提供了大量軍事和醫療援助<a href="#cite_note-532">[512]</a><a href="#cite_note-z1-533">[513]</a><a href="#cite_note-534">[514]</a>，歐洲外交關係委員會中東和北非項目高級政策研究員休·洛瓦特表示，儘管這種支持很強烈，「但西方民众正在繼續遠離以色列」。洛瓦特說，冷戰期間，以色列站在西方一邊反對蘇聯支持的阿拉伯國家，西方領導人普遍將以色列視為“<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-disambig" title="自由民主">自由民主</a>陣營的成員”，這部分“解釋了西方對以色列持續的強烈支持——現在這在很大程度上已經成為條件反射」。相較之下，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="穆斯林世界">伊斯蘭世界</a>和全球<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="南方国家">南方国家</a>譴責以色列及其盟友的行為，批評「西方的道德權威」並聲稱它對人權持<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%87%8D%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96" class="mw-redirect" title="雙重標準">雙重標準</a>。<a href="#cite_note-global_divide-531">[511]</a> 他們認為，西方国家一方面譴責對烏克蘭的非法佔領，另一方面堅定支持佔領巴勒斯坦土地的以色列。<a href="#cite_note-535">[515]</a> 美國<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E5%9F%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="喬治城大學">喬治城大學</a>政治學教授<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%8B%9C%E6%96%87" title="丹尼爾·拜文">丹尼尔·拜文</a>和亚历山大·帕尔默表示，这些袭击事件表明<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="巴勒斯坦解放组织">巴勒斯坦解放组织</a>的衰落和哈马斯作为巴勒斯坦政治主要权力中心的崛起，并表示如果维持现状，巴解组织将进一步衰落。<a href="#cite_note-536">[516]</a>萊思·阿拉傑洛尼寫道，哈馬斯攻勢的直接影響是暫時團結哈馬斯和巴解組織，最初為攻勢辯護，然而，這可能很快導致他們之間的衝突，如果那裡的更多激進組織開始發動自己的獨立襲擊，可能會導致巴解組織失去對約旦河西岸安全局勢的控制，<a href="#cite_note-537">[517]</a>以色列分析家塞斯·弗兰茨曼表示，这次袭击标志着以色列和哈马斯之间持续冲突的显着升级。它以其巨大的规模和影响力而引人注目，包括火箭弹袭击和加沙边境袭击。这一事件与以往的冲突截然不同，以往的冲突通常是分阶段进行，紧张局势逐渐升级。<a href="#cite_note-538">[518]</a> 纽约州蒙西的独立犹太教育顾问和研究员沙尼·贝肖弗（Shani Bechhofer）指出，亲巴勒斯坦的团体实际上并非抵抗以色列对加沙种族灭绝指控，而是旨在否定1948年联合国建立以色列的存在，这不是对1967年占领加沙和约旦河西岸的抗议，而是否定文明讨论恐怖主义的规范和界限，并引导人群高呼哈马斯的谈话要点来为10月7日的袭击行径合法化<a href="#cite_note-539">[519]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="以色列情報失敗">以色列情報失敗</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=49" title="编辑章节：以色列情報失敗">编辑</a>]</div> 外界普遍認為，此次突襲是以色列情報機構自1973年贖罪日戰爭以來的一次嚴重失敗。哈馬斯攻擊前，以色列國內連月<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8F%8D%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E7%A4%BA%E5%A8%81" title="2023年以色列反司法改革示威">示威抗議</a>總理內塔尼亞胡的<a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="2023年以色列司法改革">司法改革</a>，另一邊，以色列對外正在美國斡旋下尋求跟沙特阿拉伯關係正常化，被認為對以軍的戒備情况有所影響。有專家分析質疑，以色列始終不相信哈馬斯會冒險入侵，相關地區缺乏足夠以軍部署，也是一大失策。 政治記者<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9" title="彼得·博蒙特">彼得·博蒙特</a>把這次襲擊稱為以色列政府「多年來的情報失敗」<a href="#cite_note-540">[520]</a>，而猶太新聞聯盟稱之為「想像的失敗」<a href="#cite_note-541">[521]</a>。BBC報導稱，以色列雖然擁有該地區規模最大、資金最充足的情報機構，以及激進組織內的特工網絡，但仍未能預見到攻擊，又補充「哈馬斯一定採取了非凡的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E4%BF%9D%E5%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行動保密（页面不存在）">行動保密</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operations_security" class="extiw" title="en:Operations security">Operations security</a>）」<a href="#cite_note-542">[522]</a>。美國官員就以色列情報部門對哈馬斯的準備工作不知情表示震驚<a href="#cite_note-543">[523]</a>。以軍加沙師前副司令阿維維表示，“這是一次不亞於<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%96%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="贖罪日戰爭">贖罪日戰爭</a>的失敗”<a href="#cite_note-544">[524]</a>。 美國海軍退役上將、前北約盟軍指揮官<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB%E9%87%8C%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%AF" title="詹姆斯·斯塔夫里迪斯">斯塔夫里迪斯</a>接受<a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>節目訪問，形容這是以色列的情報失敗，坦言對此感到驚訝，稱事件確實令人想起以軍被阿拉伯多國偷襲的贖罪日戰爭，又他指按死亡人數佔全國人口比例計，這次是相當於美國<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%80%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="九一一袭击事件">911恐襲</a>級別的事件<a href="#cite_note-545">[525]</a>。前美國駐以色列大使<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%9B%A0%E8%BF%AA%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬丁·因迪克（页面不存在）">因迪克</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Indyk" class="extiw" title="en:Martin Indyk">Martin Indyk</a>）對哈馬斯在美國和以色列皆未有察覺下，展開如此規模的攻擊感到震驚，「沒有做好準備，未有在邊境部署軍隊，未在邊境修建圍欄，花費數十億<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%96%B0%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94" title="以色列新谢克尔">謝克爾</a>在邊境興建的圍欄亦未起到作用」<a href="#cite_note-546">[526]</a>。美國智庫<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%86%85%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="卡内基国际和平基金会">卡内基国际和平基金会</a>高級研究員、前美國國務院中東談判代表<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞倫·米勒（页面不存在）">亞倫·米勒</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_David_Miller" class="extiw" title="en:Aaron David Miller">Aaron David Miller</a>）認為，真正的問題是以色列不相信哈馬斯會冒險跨境入侵，指相關地區以軍人數不足是嚴重失敗<a href="#cite_note-547">[527]</a>。前以軍發言人康里克斯表示，以色列整套國防架構未為國民提供必要的防禦，從而導致全球其一最窮困族群的恐怖組織能發動此等毀滅性攻擊。以色列官員指判斷問題所在還為時尚早，但拒絕將事件跟贖罪日戰爭做比較。以色列國防部發言人赫克特表示，明白人們對情報問題有很多疑問，相信之後會有很多有關情報方面的討論<a href="#cite_note-548">[528]</a>。 10月14日，以色列国家安全顾问承認以色列国家安全委员会在哈马斯10月7日對以色列攻击前没有掌握任何情报信息，是整个以色列情报界的误判，国家安全委员会将对情報工作上的疏忽进行审查。<a href="#cite_note-549">[529]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="媒體報導">媒體報導</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=50" title="编辑章节：媒體報導">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%B0%8D2023%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97-%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%B1%E5%B0%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="媒體對2023年以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的報導（页面不存在）">媒體對2023年以色列-哈瑪斯戰爭的報導</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="extiw" title="en:Media coverage of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war">Media coverage of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war</a>）</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="虛假資訊">虛假資訊</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=51" title="编辑章节：虛假資訊">编辑</a>]</div> 衝突期間，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A3%E8%A8%80" title="谣言">虛假資訊</a>範圍廣泛，衝突雙方都散佈虛假、誤導或未經證實的資訊。許多內容是病毒式傳播，社交媒體上有數千萬條貼文流傳。一些錯誤訊息也在主流媒體上廣泛傳播，並被國家元首重複。 阿赫利阿拉伯醫院爆炸後，一個自稱是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="半島電視台">半島電視台</a>記者的X帳號表示，他們有「哈瑪斯飛彈降落在醫院」的影片。半島電視台隨後澄清，他們與該帳戶沒有關聯，該帳戶後來被刪除。<a href="#cite_note-550">[530]</a> 另一個親俄錯誤訊息的X帳戶聲稱，華爾街日報曾通報爆炸是由Mark84炸彈引起的；華爾街日報尚未發表過這樣的報導。<a href="#cite_note-551">[531]</a><a href="#cite_note-552">[532]</a> 在双方的Telegram频道中经常出现旧视频或同期发生的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="俄罗斯入侵乌克兰">俄罗斯入侵乌克兰</a>的交战相关视频，以至于俄罗斯卫星通讯社将俄军T90被乌军炸毁的视频当作“哈马斯炸毁以军坦克”视频上传。<a href="#cite_note-553">[533]</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF%E9%A6%86" title="中国驻法国大使馆">中国驻法国大使馆</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%8E_(1963%E5%B9%B4)" title="陈卫华 (1963年)">陈卫华</a>亦曾發布一張以AI偽造的照片，儘管沒有指出地點，但陳衛華留言稱這是 “西方國家集體認可的暴行”，<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0" title="自由亚洲电台">自由亚洲电台</a>认为從貼文的留言和評論可以看出，該圖被普遍認為是以哈戰爭中流離失所的加沙人的照片。<a href="#cite_note-554">[534]</a> 这次衝突中一項關於「哈馬斯於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B3%95%E9%98%BF%E6%89%8E" title="卡法阿扎">卡法阿扎</a>將40名嬰兒斬首」的未經證實的消息在社交媒体上引起了大量注意，在<a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a>上的浏览量超过4000万次。此項消息主要通过以色列网站<a href="/wiki/I24news" title="I24news">I24NEWS</a>和以色列官方账户传播。这个消息成为近十几家英国报纸的头版新闻。 <a href="#cite_note-NBCnews-555">[535]</a><a href="#cite_note-556">[536]</a>最初的说法來自<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="以色列國防軍">以色列国防军</a>（IDF）的一名成员，他於接受<a href="/wiki/I24news" title="I24news">I24NEWS</a>采访时表示，有40名儿童被杀，其中一些被哈马斯斩首。 <a href="#cite_note-557">[537]</a><a href="#cite_note-timesofisrael-558">[538]</a><a href="/wiki/CBS%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E" title="CBS新聞">哥伦比亚广播公司新闻</a>随后采访了急救组织ZAKA的地区负责人兰道，他声称婴儿和未成年人都与被肢解的成年人尸体一起被斩首。 <a href="#cite_note-cbs-559">[539]</a>以色列总理<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%85%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%86%85%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%A1" title="本雅明·内塔尼亚胡">内塔尼亚胡</a>的发言人也提出了这一说法，而最引人注目的認可來自美国总统<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%C2%B7%E6%8B%9C%E7%99%BB" title="乔·拜登">拜登</a>，他声称看到了照片证据。 <a href="#cite_note-560">[540]</a>白宫后来否认拜登看过照片，并澄清他指的是媒体报道和内塔尼亚胡的声明。 <a href="#cite_note-Intercept=1110-561">[541]</a> 另外也有大量片段被揭發為假消息。其中一段獲廣傳的片段至今累積近200萬次點擊，聲稱以色列捏造猶太人被虐待，英國《衞報》追查後發現影片由社交平台TikTok首先傳出，但只是巴勒斯坦一套電影的幕後花絮片段，卻被人加上指控以色列的旁述，最後由TikTok轉發至「X」。另一段在「X」廣傳的片段聲稱以色列軍官被「哈馬斯」武裝分子俘虜，不過事實是源於阿塞拜疆與亞美尼亞此前的武裝衝突，與以巴最新局勢無關，惟該片段截至周四（10月12日）仍獲180萬次點擊。<a href="#cite_note-562">[542]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="社群媒體公司的審查">社群媒體公司的審查</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=52" title="编辑章节：社群媒體公司的審查">编辑</a>]</div> 12月20日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="人權觀察">人權觀察</a>發布了一份長達51頁的報告，記錄了<a href="/wiki/Meta_(%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Meta (企業)">Meta</a>的刪除和抑制<a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>和<a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>支持巴勒斯坦和有關巴勒斯坦人權的言論。<a href="#cite_note-563">[543]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="以色列禁止半島電視台">以色列禁止半島電視台</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=53" title="编辑章节：以色列禁止半島電視台">编辑</a>]</div> 2024年5月5日，以色列政府關閉以色列境內的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="半島電視台">半島電視台</a>，並授權扣押其設備<a href="#cite_note-564">[544]</a><a href="#cite_note-565">[545]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见">参见</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=54" title="编辑章节：参见">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="維基新聞">維基新聞</a>專題報導：<a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" class="extiw" title="n:Category:以巴冲突">以巴冲突</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8E%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="赎罪日战争">赎罪日战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E2%80%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" class="mw-redirect" title="加沙—以色列冲突">加沙—以色列冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%A5%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" class="mw-redirect" title="巴以冲突">以巴衝突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="哈馬斯歷史">哈馬斯歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A7%86%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%AF%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="雷姆音樂節大屠殺">雷姆音乐节大屠杀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%B5%AB%E5%88%A9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="阿赫利阿拉伯医院爆炸事件">阿赫利阿拉伯医院爆炸事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%85%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2023年紅海危機">2023年紅海危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="以色列独立宣言">以色列独立宣言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E9%98%BF%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8D%94%E8%AD%B0" title="以阿和平協議">以阿和平協議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="巴勒斯坦內戰">巴勒斯坦內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%A1%94%E8%B5%AB" title="法塔赫">法塔赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="巴勒斯坦國">巴勒斯坦國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%AE%9A%E5%B1%85%E7%82%B9" title="以色列定居点">以色列定居点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A8%97%E7%AE%A1%E5%9C%B0" title="巴勒斯坦託管地">巴勒斯坦託管地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="進行中武裝衝突列表">進行中武裝衝突列表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋">註釋</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=55" title="编辑章节：註釋">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Small_militias-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Small_militias_11-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Small_militias_11-1">1.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Small_militias_11-2">1.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Small_militias_11-3">1.3</a> 在加沙地带，参战的小型巴勒斯坦武装团体包括：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴勒斯坦自由运动（页面不存在）">巴勒斯坦自由运动</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_Freedom_Movement" class="extiw" title="en:Palestinian Freedom Movement">Palestinian Freedom Movement</a>）（安萨尔旅）<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:hln-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis-5">[5]</a>、巴勒斯坦圣战者运动<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:bbc_force_attack-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:hln-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis-5">[5]</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E7%8E%9B%E5%86%9B_(%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌玛军 (加沙)（页面不存在）">乌玛军</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaysh_al-Ummah_(Gaza)" class="extiw" title="en:Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza)">Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza)</a>）<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>，以及从<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E7%83%88%E5%A3%AB%E6%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克萨烈士旅">阿克萨烈士旅</a>分裂出来的多个小型武装团体（部分可能在战争开始前重新加入了阿克萨烈士旅）<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis-5">[5]</a>。此外，约旦河西岸的一些巴勒斯坦武装团体也参与了冲突，其中包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%85%E7%A9%B4" title="獅穴">狮穴</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>以及阿克萨烈士旅的多个分队，如黄蜂之巢（Hornets' Nest）<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a>、杰宁营<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:auto-10">[10]</a>、盖勒吉利耶营<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:auto-10">[10]</a>等。 </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> 多份来源显示，伊朗已向也门部署人员，积极参与对商船的袭击<a href="#cite_note-semafor-16">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-hez-18">[17]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> 叶海尔·辛瓦尔被击毙后作为<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%B4%E6%97%B6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="哈马斯临时委员会">哈马斯临时委员会</a>成员暂代主席职务 </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> 于2024年11月5日被撤职。 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> 整体由<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="哈马斯">哈马斯</a>主导，集合了<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9C%A3%E6%88%98%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战运动">杰哈德</a>等各类以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="加沙地带">加沙</a>为基地运作的激进组织指挥协调中心 </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> 包括169,500名现役人员<a href="#cite_note-40">[35]</a>和360,000名预备役人员<a href="#cite_note-41">[36]</a>。 </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> 据联合国<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:UNstaffkilled-46">[40]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-gazamoh-51"><a href="#cite_ref-gazamoh_51-0">^</a> 据隸屬哈馬斯的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="加沙卫生部">加沙卫生部</a>，总死亡人数为38,664人<a href="#cite_note-43">[37]</a>。 已确认的死亡人数为38,664人，包括：<a href="#cite_note-unocha-44">[38]</a> <ul><li>10,006名男子<a href="#cite_note-unocha-44">[38]</a></li> <li>7,797名儿童<a href="#cite_note-unocha-44">[38]</a></li> <li>4,959名妇女<a href="#cite_note-unocha-44">[38]</a></li> <li>1,924名老人<a href="#cite_note-unocha-44">[38]</a></li> <li>496+名护理人员和醫護人員<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas1tmp4-45">[39]</a></li> <li>153+名联合国工作人员<a href="#cite_note-47">[g]</a></li> <li>200+记者<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas1tmp4-45">[39]</a></li></ul> <hr /> 据以色列：<a href="#cite_note-VOA21may-48">[41]</a> <ul><li>16,000名平民</li> <li>14,000名哈马斯分子</li></ul> <hr /> 据美国情报： <ul><li>5,000-9,000名武装分子（截至2024年1月21日）<a href="#cite_note-wapo-hamas-toll-49">[42]</a></li></ul> <hr /> 据哈马斯： <ul><li>约6,000名哈马斯分子（截至2024年2月19日）<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI-19Feb1-50">[43]</a></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-israelgov-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-israelgov_54-0">9.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-israelgov_54-1">9.1</a> 据以色列 </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> 据<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" title="巴勒斯坦卫生部">巴勒斯坦衛生部</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> 包括：123名儿童<a href="#cite_note-PCBS-58">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:live-tracker-59">[49]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> 据真主党、黎巴嫩和以色列 </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> 包括1名加拿大公民、1名澳大利亚公民、1名叙利亚公民<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:canadian-74">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:syrian-75">[63]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> 包括： <ul><li>259名真主党成员（包括2名Saraya人员）<a href="#cite_note-62">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[53]</a></li> <li>33名巴勒斯坦武装分子<a href="#cite_note-over200-66">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[55]</a></li> <li>1名伊斯兰荣耀旅成员<a href="#cite_note-68">[56]</a></li> <li>1名<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%88%E5%8B%92%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="阿迈勒运动">阿迈勒运动</a>成员<a href="#cite_note-69">[57]</a></li> <li>5名<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%A2%E4%BD%93_(%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯兰团体 (黎巴嫩)（页面不存在）">伊斯兰团体</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Group_(Lebanon)" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic Group (Lebanon)">Islamic Group (Lebanon)</a>）成员<a href="#cite_note-70">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[59]</a></li> <li>1名<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%8B%E9%A3%8E%E4%B9%8B%E9%B9%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旋风之鹰（页面不存在）">旋风之鹰</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagles_of_the_Whirlwind" class="extiw" title="en:Eagles of the Whirlwind">Eagles of the Whirlwind</a>）成员<a href="#cite_note-72">[60]</a></li> <li>1名黎巴嫩陆军士兵<a href="#cite_note-73">[61]</a></li> <li>72名平民<a href="#cite_note-76">[m]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[66]</a></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> 据<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="敘利亞人權觀察組織">敘利亞人權觀察組織</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> 包括：<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cassyr-82">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[69]</a> <ul><li>80名伊朗支持的武装分子</li> <li>52名叙利亚士兵</li> <li>42名真主党成员</li> <li>27名<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%8D%AB%E9%98%9F" title="伊斯兰革命卫队">伊斯兰革命卫队</a>士兵</li> <li>6名身份不明的武装分子</li> <li>2名杰哈德成员</li> <li>15名平民</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> 包括： <ul><li>837名平民 <ul><li>695名以色列人、4名加沙人、71名外国公民死于<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克薩洪水行動">10月7日袭击</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:AFPcas-86">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[72]</a></li> <li>44名人质在加沙死亡<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages-89">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[76]</a></li> <li>10人在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="以色列—真主黨衝突 (2023年至今)">黎巴嫩边境</a>死亡<a href="#cite_note-93">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[78]</a></li> <li>4人<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%83%E7%BE%85%E5%B1%B1%E6%A7%8D%E6%93%8A%E6%A1%88" title="掃羅山槍擊案">在耶路撒冷死亡</a></li> <li>2人<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024%E5%B9%B4%E7%8E%9B%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E5%9F%8E%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2024年玛拉基城袭击（页面不存在）">在玛拉基城附近死亡</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Kiryat_Malakhi_attack" class="extiw" title="en:2024 Kiryat Malakhi attack">2024 Kiryat Malakhi attack</a>）</li> <li>2人<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024%E5%B9%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%88%A9%E6%9E%AA%E5%87%BB%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2024年埃利枪击案（页面不存在）">在埃利死亡</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Eli_shooting" class="extiw" title="en:2024 Eli shooting">2024 Eli shooting</a>）</li> <li>1人<a href="/w/index.php?title=2024%E5%B9%B4%E8%B5%96%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2024年赖阿南纳袭击（页面不存在）">在赖阿南纳死亡</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Ra%27anana_attack" class="extiw" title="en:2024 Ra'anana attack">2024 Ra'anana attack</a>）</li> <li>1人在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E9%98%BF%E6%9D%9C%E6%98%8E" title="马阿勒阿杜明">马阿勒阿杜明</a>死亡<a href="#cite_note-95">[79]</a></li> <li>1人在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AB%E5%86%85" title="甘亚夫内">甘亚夫内</a>死亡<a href="#cite_note-96">[80]</a></li> <li>1人在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="东耶路撒冷">东耶路撒冷</a>死亡<a href="#cite_note-97">[81]</a></li></ul></li> <li>883名安全部队人员<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:shinbet-98">[82]</a> <ul><li>805名士兵</li> <li>68名警察</li> <li>10名辛貝特成員</li></ul></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> 包括<a href="#cite_note-102">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOIhostages-103">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI4jan-104">[87]</a> <ul><li><132名士兵</li> <li>120+名平民<a href="#cite_note-105">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[89]</a> <ul><li>32名儿童<a href="#cite_note-107">[90]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#外籍公民">52名外国公民或双重国籍者</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5#章節" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/链接">錨點失效</a>]</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>110人获释或被营救<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOIhostages-103">[86]</a></li> <li>44人被杀<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages-89">[73]</a> <ul><li>11人的尸体已被发现<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages-89">[73]</a></li> <li>哈马斯宣称70人死于以军空袭<a href="#cite_note-108">[91]</a></li></ul></li> <li>101人仍被扣为人质，30人的尸体仍被扣押<a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages-89">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI4jan-104">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:CNN5jan-109">[92]</a> <ul><li>2人在10月7日前被劫为人质：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%9F%A6%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%97%A8%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿韦拉·门格斯图（页面不存在）">阿韦拉·门格斯图</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avera_Mengistu" class="extiw" title="en:Avera Mengistu">Avera Mengistu</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B5%9B%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7" title="希沙姆·赛义德">希沙姆·赛义德</a>；2人的尸体在10月7日前被扣押：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E9%BE%99%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E4%B9%8C%E5%8B%92%E5%92%8C%E5%93%88%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%81%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥龙·沙乌勒和哈达尔·戈尔丁之死（页面不存在）">奥龙·沙乌勒、哈达尔·戈尔丁</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_and_ransoming_of_Oron_Shaul_and_Hadar_Goldin" class="extiw" title="en:Deaths and ransoming of Oron Shaul and Hadar Goldin">Deaths and ransoming of Oron Shaul and Hadar Goldin</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> 据联合国<a href="#cite_note-112">[94]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> Washington Post said the Palestinians were trying to explode the device,<a href="#cite_note-wapo-178">[159]</a> while Al-Jazeera said that a Palestinian Explosives Engineering Unit was trying to defuse the device.<a href="#cite_note-179">[160]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=56" title="编辑章节：参考文献">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees/">IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. 2023-10-19 [2023-10-19]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231019051338/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees/">存档</a>于2023-10-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=IDF+says+it+killed+head+of+military+wing+of+Gaza%27s+Popular+Resistance+Committees&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.date=2023-10-19&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fidf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pflp.ps/post/23726">صادر عن كتائب الشهيد أبو علي مصطفى الجناح العسكري للجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين</a>. الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين. 2023-10-07 [2023-10-07] （阿拉伯语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1+%D8%B9%D9%86+%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A+%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpflp.ps%2Fpost%2F23726&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231008121355/https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/al-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza:">Al-Qassam fighters engage IOF on seven fronts outside Gaza: Statement</a>. Al Mayadeen English. 2023-10-08 [2023-10-08]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/al-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza:">原始内容</a>存档于2023-10-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Al-Qassam+fighters+engage+IOF+on+seven+fronts+outside+Gaza%3A+Statement&rft.date=2023-10-08&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Mayadeen+English&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.almayadeen.net%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fal-qassam-fighters-engage-iof-on-seven-fronts-outside-gaza%3A&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:hln-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:hln_4-0">4.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:hln_4-1">4.1</a> <cite class="citation web">Guy Van Vlierden. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/qo9u1">HLN Onderzoek. Van jihadisten tot communisten: zeker 10 groeperingen deden mee met actie Palestijnse terroristen (HLN Research. From jihadists to communists: at least 10 groups participated in Palestinian terrorist action)</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Het_Laatste_Nieuws&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Het Laatste Nieuws（页面不存在）">Het Laatste Nieuws</a>. 2023-10-14. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hln.be/israel-palestina/hln-onderzoek-van-jihadisten-tot-communisten-zeker-10-groeperingen-deden-mee-met-actie-palestijnse-terroristen~a2211205/">原始内容</a>存档于2023-10-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=HLN+Onderzoek.+Van+jihadisten+tot+communisten%3A+zeker+10+groeperingen+deden+mee+met+actie+Palestijnse+terroristen+%28HLN+Research.+From+jihadists+to+communists%3A+at+least+10+groups+participated+in+Palestinian+terrorist+action%29&rft.au=Guy+Van+Vlierden&rft.date=2023-10-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Het+Laatste+Nieuws&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hln.be%2Fisrael-palestina%2Fhln-onderzoek-van-jihadisten-tot-communisten-zeker-10-groeperingen-deden-mee-met-actie-palestijnse-terroristen~a2211205%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis_5-0">5.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis_5-1">5.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:Smyth_Axis_5-2">5.2</a> <cite class="citation journal">Smyth, Phillip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-path-to-october-7-how-iran-built-up-and-managed-a-palestinian-axis-of-resistance/">The Path to October 7: How Iran Built Up and Managed a Palestinian 'Axis of Resistance'</a>. 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[2023-10-09]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010040417/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202310085003.aspx">存档</a>于2023-10-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E7%9C%9F%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E6%8C%BA%E5%93%88%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF+%E9%96%8B%E7%81%AB%E7%A0%B2%E6%93%8A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cna.com.tw%2Fnews%2Faopl%2F202310085003.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orientaldaily.com.my/news/international/2023/10/08/602174">【以巴冲突】黎巴嫩攻击以色列北部　以军空袭回击</a>. 東方online. 2023-10-08 [2023-09-27]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231009193933/https://www.orientaldaily.com.my/news/international/2023/10/08/602174">存档</a>于2023-10-09） （中文（马来西亚））.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=%E3%80%90%E4%BB%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E3%80%91%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E6%94%BB%E5%87%BB%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E3%80%80%E4%BB%A5%E5%86%9B%E7%A9%BA%E8%A2%AD%E5%9B%9E%E5%87%BB&rft.date=2023-10-08&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.orientaldaily.com.my%2Fnews%2Finternational%2F2023%2F10%2F08%2F602174&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Dahan, Maha El; Dahan, Maha El. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/yemens-houthis-enter-mideast-fray-hardening-spillover-fears-2023-10-31/">Yemen's Houthis enter Mideast fray, hardening spillover fears</a>. 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Sky News Arabia. 2024-01-21 [2024-01-21]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240121064105/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1687013-10-%D8%A7%D9%94%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-75-%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9">存档</a>于2024-01-21） （阿拉伯语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Within+10+days..+75+Houthis+were+killed+in+Western+strikes&rft.date=2024-01-21&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skynewsarabia.com%2Fmiddle-east%2F1687013-10-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2594%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585-%25D9%2585%25D9%2582%25D8%25AA%25D9%2584-75-%25D8%25AD%25D9%2588%25D8%25AB%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B6%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25BA%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A8%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cr40d32zqz4o">UN says Gaza aid operation temporarily halted due to evacuations</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 2024-08-26 [2024-10-07] （英国英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=UN+says+Gaza+aid+operation+temporarily+halted+due+to+evacuations&rft.date=2024-08-26&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcr40d32zqz4o&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2024/08/middleeast/gaza-israel-hamas-battalions-invs-intl/">Netanyahu says ‘victory’ over Hamas is in sight. The data tells a different story</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" class="mw-redirect" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 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Syrian Observatory for Human Right. 2024-01-20 [2024-01-20]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240120192431/https://www.syriahr.com/%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b0-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%ba%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%84-2/699589/">存档</a>于2024-01-20） （阿拉伯语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Since+the+Israeli+war+on+Gaza%2C+Israel+has+carried+out+14+assassinations%2C+during+which+it+killed+72+members+of+Hezbollah+and+Iranian+groups+of+Syrian+and+non-Syrian+nationalities.&rft.date=2024-01-20&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2F%25d9%2585%25d9%2586%25d8%25b0-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25ad%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a8-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25a5%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d9%258a%25d9%2584%25d9%258a%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25b9%25d9%2584%25d9%2589-%25d8%25ba%25d8%25b2%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25a5%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d9%258a%25d9%2584-2%2F699589%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Qiblawi, Helen Regan, Hamdi Alkhshali, Tamara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/02/middleeast/iran-response-israel-damascus-consulate-attack-intl-hnk/index.html">Iran vows revenge as it accuses Israel of deadly airstrike on Syria consulate in deepening Middle East crisis</a>. 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Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 2024-04-02 [2024-04-02] （阿拉伯语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=In+an+infinite+toll%3A+14+were+killed+in+the+Israeli+raid+on+a+building+attached+to+the+Iranian+embassy&rft.date=2024-04-02&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2F%25d9%2581%25d9%258a-%25d8%25ad%25d8%25b5%25d9%258a%25d9%2584%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25ba%25d9%258a%25d8%25b1-%25d9%2586%25d9%2587%25d8%25a7%25d8%25a6%25d9%258a%25d8%25a9-14-%25d9%2582%25d8%25aa%25d9%2580-%25d9%2580%25d9%258a%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d9%258b-%25d9%2581%25d9%258a-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25ba%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b1%2F709065%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:AFPcas-86"><a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:AFPcas_86-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20231215-israel-social-security-data-reveals-true-picture-of-oct-7-deaths">Israel social security data reveals true picture of Oct 7 deaths</a>. Agence France-Presse. 2023-12-15 [2023-12-24]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231217222630/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20231215-israel-social-security-data-reveals-true-picture-of-oct-7-deaths">存档</a>于2023-12-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israel+social+security+data+reveals+true+picture+of+Oct+7+deaths&rft.date=2023-12-15&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20231215-israel-social-security-data-reveals-true-picture-of-oct-7-deaths&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/14-kids-under-10-25-people-over-80-up-to-date-breakdown-of-oct-7-victims-we-know-about">14 kids under 10, 25 people over 80: Up-to-date breakdown of Oct 7 victims we know about</a>. 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Then came Oct. 7</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B972_magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="+972 magazine（页面不存在）">+972 magazine</a>. 2023-11-06. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.972mag.com/gaza-workers-israel-kibbutzim-massacres/">原始内容</a>存档于2023-11-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=A+Gazan+worked+in+Israeli+kibbutzim+for+decades.+Then+came+Oct.+7&rft.aufirst=Yuval&rft.aulast=Abraham&rft.date=2023-11-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%2B972+magazine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.972mag.com%2Fgaza-workers-israel-kibbutzim-massacres%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages_89-0">73.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages_89-1">73.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages_89-2">73.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:kan11hostages_89-3">73.3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kan.org.il/lobby/kidnapped">רשימת שמות החטופים לעזה</a>. The list of names of those abducted to Gaza. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation（页面不存在）">Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation</a>. [2023-02-21] （希伯来语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%AA+%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%97%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%94&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+list+of+names+of+those+abducted+to+Gaza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kan.org.il%2Flobby%2Fkidnapped&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Berman, Lazar; Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/at-least-32-of-the-136-hostages-held-in-gaza-killed-20-others-feared-dead-nyt/">At least 32 of the 136 hostages held in Gaza killed, 20 others feared dead – NYT</a>. The Times of Israel. 2024-02-06 [2024-02-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206215603/https://www.timesofisrael.com/at-least-32-of-the-136-hostages-held-in-gaza-killed-20-others-feared-dead-nyt/">存档</a>于2024-02-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=At+least+32+of+the+136+hostages+held+in+Gaza+killed%2C+20+others+feared+dead+%E2%80%93+NYT&rft.au=Fabian%2C+Emanuel&rft.aufirst=Lazar&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.date=2024-02-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fat-least-32-of-the-136-hostages-held-in-gaza-killed-20-others-feared-dead-nyt%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-israeli-officials-fear-most-hostages-held-by-hamas-are-dead-report/">US, Israeli officials fear most hostages held by Hamas are dead — report</a>. 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Times of Israel (7 December 2023). [2023-12-24].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israeli+civilian+killed+by+anti-tank+missile+in+north+as+Hezbollah+attacks+continue&rft.au=Horovitz%2C+Michael&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=7+December+2023&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fisraeli-civilian-killed-by-anti-tank-missile-in-north-as-hezbollah-attacks-continue&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/israeli-man-killed-in-hezbollah-anti-tank-missile-attack-in-kfar-yuval-northern-israel">Israeli man killed in Hezbollah anti-tank missile attack in Kfar Yuval, northern Israel</a>. Times of Israel. 2024-01-14 [2024-01-14].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israeli+man+killed+in+Hezbollah+anti-tank+missile+attack+in+Kfar+Yuval%2C+northern+Israel&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.date=2024-01-14&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fisraeli-man-killed-in-hezbollah-anti-tank-missile-attack-in-kfar-yuval-northern-israel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Abu Mayzer, Sinan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/casualties-reported-suspected-shooting-attack-near-jerusalem-2024-02-22/">Palestinian gunmen shoot dead West Bank motorist, two assailants killed - police</a>. Reuters (22 February 2024). [2024-03-06].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Palestinian+gunmen+shoot+dead+West+Bank+motorist%2C+two+assailants+killed+-+police&rft.aufirst=Sinan&rft.aulast=Abu+Mayzer&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=22+February+2024&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fcasualties-reported-suspected-shooting-attack-near-jerusalem-2024-02-22%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Ghert-Zand, Renee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/lidor-levy-34-dies-of-wounds-from-gan-yavne-terror-stabbing-attack/">Lidor Levy, 34, dies of wounds from Gan Yavne terror stabbing attack</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. 2024-04-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Lidor+Levy%2C+34%2C+dies+of+wounds+from+Gan+Yavne+terror+stabbing+attack&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.aulast=Ghert-Zand&rft.date=2024-04-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Flidor-levy-34-dies-of-wounds-from-gan-yavne-terror-stabbing-attack%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/body-of-israeli-teen-found-in-west-bank-idf-says-he-was-murdered-in-terror-attack/?utm_source=article_hpsidebar&utm_medium=desktop_site&utm_campaign=authorities-name-44-soldiers-30-police-officers-killed-in-hamas-attack">Body of Israeli teen found in West Bank; IDF says he was murdered in terror attack</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. 2024-04-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Body+of+Israeli+teen+found+in+West+Bank%3B+IDF+says+he+was+murdered+in+terror+attack&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.date=2024-04-13&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fbody-of-israeli-teen-found-in-west-bank-idf-says-he-was-murdered-in-terror-attack%2F%3Futm_source%3Darticle_hpsidebar%26utm_medium%3Ddesktop_site%26utm_campaign%3Dauthorities-name-44-soldiers-30-police-officers-killed-in-hamas-attack&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:shinbet-98"><a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:shinbet_98-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/authorities-name-44-soldiers-30-police-officers-killed-in-hamas-attack/">Authorities name 634 soldiers, 62 police officers killed in Gaza war</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. [2024-05-24]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231008151607/https://www.timesofisrael.com/authorities-name-44-soldiers-30-police-officers-killed-in-hamas-attack/">存档</a>于2023-10-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Authorities+name+634+soldiers%2C+62+police+officers+killed+in+Gaza+war&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fauthorities-name-44-soldiers-30-police-officers-killed-in-hamas-attack%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas2,2-100"><a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:cas2,2_100-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Ghert-Zand, Renee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/war-caught-israeli-rehab-hospitals-unprepared-to-handle-number-of-wounded/">War caught Israeli rehab hospitals unprepared to handle number of wounded</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. 2023-12-17 [2024-01-31].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=War+caught+Israeli+rehab+hospitals+unprepared+to+handle+number+of+wounded&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.aulast=Ghert-Zand&rft.date=2023-12-17&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fwar-caught-israeli-rehab-hospitals-unprepared-to-handle-number-of-wounded%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Benson, Pesach. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jns.org/13572-israelis-injured-since-oct-7/">13,572 Israelis injured since Oct. 7</a>. Jewish News Syndicate. 2024-01-22 [2024-05-24].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=13%2C572+Israelis+injured+since+Oct.+7&rft.aufirst=Pesach&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.date=2024-01-22&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+News+Syndicate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns.org%2F13572-israelis-injured-since-oct-7%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Boxerman, Aaron. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/11/10/world/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news?smid=url-share#israel-lowers-its-official-oct-7-death-toll-to-1200">Israel-Hamas War: Israel Lowers Oct. 7 Death Toll Estimate to 1,200</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 2023-11-10 [2023-11-11]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231111015255/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/11/10/world/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news?smid=url-share#israel-lowers-its-official-oct-7-death-toll-to-1200">存档</a>于2023-11-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israel-Hamas+War%3A+Israel+Lowers+Oct.+7+Death+Toll+Estimate+to+1%2C200&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.aulast=Boxerman&rft.date=2023-11-10&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flive%2F2023%2F11%2F10%2Fworld%2Fisrael-hamas-war-gaza-news%3Fsmid%3Durl-share%23israel-lowers-its-official-oct-7-death-toll-to-1200&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOIhostages-103">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOIhostages_103-0">86.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOIhostages_103-1">86.1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-soldier-rescued-from-gaza-in-first-public-message-happy-i-got-my-life-back">IDF soldier rescued from Gaza in first public message: 'Happy I got my life back'</a>. Times of Israel. [2023-11-27].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=IDF+soldier+rescued+from+Gaza+in+first+public+message%3A+%27Happy+I+got+my+life+back%27&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fidf-soldier-rescued-from-gaza-in-first-public-message-happy-i-got-my-life-back&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI4jan-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI4jan_104-0">87.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:TOI4jan_104-1">87.1</a> <cite class="citation news">Fabian, Emanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-confirms-3-israelis-declared-missing-since-october-7-to-be-among-gaza-hostages">IDF says 3 Israelis missing since October 7 are among Gaza hostages; 1 of them is dead</a>. Times of Israel. 2024-01-04 [2024-01-05].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=IDF+says+3+Israelis+missing+since+October+7+are+among+Gaza+hostages%3B+1+of+them+is+dead&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.date=2024-01-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fidf-confirms-3-israelis-declared-missing-since-october-7-to-be-among-gaza-hostages&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/oct/14/israel-hamas-war-live-un-says-tens-of-thousands-have-fled-south-in-gaza-israel-strikes-hezbollah-target-in-lebanon-says-idf?filterKeyEvents=false&page=with:block-652a18b18f081db094840ef0#block-652a18b18f081db094840ef0">Bodies of several Israelis retrieved in Gaza raids – IDF</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" class="mw-redirect" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 2023-10-14 [2023-10-14]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231014123101/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/oct/14/israel-hamas-war-live-un-says-tens-of-thousands-have-fled-south-in-gaza-israel-strikes-hezbollah-target-in-lebanon-says-idf">存档</a>于2023-10-14）. <q>Israel's military said earlier this morning that it has confirmed that more than 120 civilians are being held hostage in Gaza by Hamas.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Bodies+of+several+Israelis+retrieved+in+Gaza+raids+%E2%80%93+IDF&rft.date=2023-10-14&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Flive%2F2023%2Foct%2F14%2Fisrael-hamas-war-live-un-says-tens-of-thousands-have-fled-south-in-gaza-israel-strikes-hezbollah-target-in-lebanon-says-idf%3FfilterKeyEvents%3Dfalse%26page%3Dwith%3Ablock-652a18b18f081db094840ef0%23block-652a18b18f081db094840ef0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231014122741/https://www.barrons.com/news/one-week-into-war-thousands-on-the-run-in-gaza-fearing-israel-ground-offensive-1dd6953c?refsec=topics_afp-news">A Week Into War, Gazans Flee Homes As Israeli Ground Offensive Looms</a>. Barron's. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" class="mw-redirect" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. 2023-10-14 [2023-10-14]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barrons.com/news/one-week-into-war-thousands-on-the-run-in-gaza-fearing-israel-ground-offensive-1dd6953c?refsec=topics_afp-news">原始内容</a>存档于2023-10-14）. <q>Israel's army has confirmed contacting the families of 120 civilian hostages so far.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=A+Week+Into+War%2C+Gazans+Flee+Homes+As+Israeli+Ground+Offensive+Looms&rft.date=2023-10-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Barron%27s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barrons.com%2Fnews%2Fone-week-into-war-thousands-on-the-run-in-gaza-fearing-israel-ground-offensive-1dd6953c%3Frefsec%3Dtopics_afp-news&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/09/mothers-children-held-hostage-hamas-all-we-want-is-them-home">The mothers whose children are held hostage by Hamas: 'I heard him crying, begging them not to take him'</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" class="mw-redirect" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 2023-11-09 [2023-11-14]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231113210658/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/09/mothers-children-held-hostage-hamas-all-we-want-is-them-home">存档</a>于2023-11-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=The+mothers+whose+children+are+held+hostage+by+Hamas%3A+%27I+heard+him+crying%2C+begging+them+not+to+take+him%27&rft.date=2023-11-09&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fnov%2F09%2Fmothers-children-held-hostage-hamas-all-we-want-is-them-home&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/israel-gaza-egypt-russia-airport/?id=104468652">60 hostages killed in bombings, Hamas' military arm claims</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="ABC News">ABC News</a>. 2023-11-05 [2023-11-05]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231104221636/https://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/israel-gaza-egypt-russia-airport/?id=104468652">存档</a>于2023-11-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=60+hostages+killed+in+bombings%2C+Hamas%27+military+arm+claims&rft.date=2023-11-05&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2Flive-updates%2Fisrael-gaza-egypt-russia-airport%2F%3Fid%3D104468652&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:CNN5jan-109"><a href="#cite_ref-Template:Israel–Hamas_war_infobox:CNN5jan_109-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Tal, Amir; Lister, Tim; Greene, Richard Allen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-01-05-24/h_d43a03c6db5051a56c7e2683accd5c46">25 Israeli hostages have died since October 7, prime minister's office says in an update</a>. CNN. 2024-01-05 [2024-01-05].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=25+Israeli+hostages+have+died+since+October+7%2C+prime+minister%27s+office+says+in+an+update&rft.au=Greene%2C+Richard+Allen&rft.au=Lister%2C+Tim&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft.aulast=Tal&rft.date=2024-01-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fmiddleeast%2Flive-news%2Fisrael-hamas-war-gaza-news-01-05-24%2Fh_d43a03c6db5051a56c7e2683accd5c46&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/one-person-remains-missing-from-oct-7-her-family-has-accepted-shes-gone">One person remains missing from Oct. 7. Her family has accepted she's gone</a>. 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TRT World.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israel+border+fighting+displaces+76%2C000+in+Lebanon%3A+IOM&rft.aufirst=Esra&rft.aulast=YAGMUR&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TRT+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trtworld.com%2Fmiddle-east%2Fisrael-border-fighting-displaces-76000-in-lebanon-iom-16542328&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/22/at-least-seven-injured-as-israeli-tank-accidentally-hits-egyptian-border">At least seven injured as Israeli tank 'accidentally' hits Egyptian border</a>. Al Jazeera. 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[2023-10-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231008222504/https://www.ft.com/content/d52e8653-8ee6-40fd-a9b0-14fb5e1794c9">存档</a>于2023-10-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Who+is+%27The+Guest%27%3A+the+Palestinian+mastermind+behind+deadly+Israel+incursion&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fd52e8653-8ee6-40fd-a9b0-14fb5e1794c9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  含有連結內容需訂閱查看的頁面 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%80%A3%E7%B5%90%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%9C%80%E8%A8%82%E9%96%B1%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有連結內容需訂閱查看的頁面">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-67098356">以巴衝突：揭開哈馬斯高層人物的面紗</a>. 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Here's what to know.</a><img alt="有限度免费查阅，超限则需付费订阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. 2023-10-09 [2023-10-18]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231008184041/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/07/israel-gaza-violence-conflict-faq/">存档</a>于2023-10-08）.</cite><span 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231009113011/https://www.timesofisrael.com/egypt-intelligence-official-says-israel-ignored-repeated-warnings-of-something-big/">Egypt intelligence official says Israel ignored repeated warnings of 'something big'</a>. 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Foreign Affairs. 2023-08-17 [2024-05-22]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240515231114/https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/case-against-israeli-saudi-deal">存档</a>于2024-05-15）. <q>In an early August interview with Bloomberg, Netanyahu...called the Palestinian issue no more than a “checkbox” and reiterated his opposition to a Palestinian state.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=The+Case+Against+an+Israeli-Saudi+Deal&rft.aufirst=Dalia+Dassa&rft.aulast=Kaye&rft.date=2023-08-17&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Funited-states%2Fcase-against-israeli-saudi-deal&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/opinion/article-754207">Israel-Saudi peace can end all hope for Palestinian statehood - opinion</a>. 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Financial Times. 2024-05-05 [2024-05-11]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240510134117/https://www.ft.com/content/140294f0-e482-4f5c-a0c1-a6bbe71e5d0a">存档</a>于2024-05-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Israel+votes+to+shut+down+Al+Jazeera+in+the+country&rft.au=England%2C+Andrew&rft.aufirst=Neri&rft.aulast=Zilber&rft.date=2024-05-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F140294f0-e482-4f5c-a0c1-a6bbe71e5d0a&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-565"><a href="#cite_ref-565">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Wong, Vicky. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68961753">Al Jazeera office raided as Israel takes channel off air</a>. BBC News. 2024-05-05 [2024-05-11]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240513190644/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68961753">存档</a>于2024-05-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&rft.atitle=Al+Jazeera+office+raided+as+Israel+takes+channel+off+air&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.date=2024-05-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-68961753&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接">外部链接</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E2%80%94%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&section=57" title="编辑章节：外部链接">编辑</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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