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problems</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: equilibrium problems"> <meta name="keywords" content="equilibrium problems"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="equilibrium problems"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7063</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: equilibrium problems</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6823</span> A New Study on Mathematical Modelling of COVID-19 with Caputo Fractional Derivative</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadia%20Arshad">Sadia Arshad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The new coronavirus disease or COVID-19 still poses an alarming situation around the world. Modeling based on the derivative of fractional order is relatively important to capture real-world problems and to analyze the realistic situation of the proposed model. Weproposed a mathematical model for the investigation of COVID-19 dynamics in a generalized fractional framework. The new model is formulated in the Caputo sense and employs a nonlinear time-varying transmission rate. The existence and uniqueness solutions of the fractional order derivative have been studied using the fixed-point theory. The associated dynamical behaviors are discussed in terms of equilibrium, stability, and basic reproduction number. For the purpose of numerical implementation, an effcient approximation scheme is also employed to solve the fractional COVID-19 model. Numerical simulations are reported for various fractional orders, and simulation results are compared with a real case of COVID-19 pandemic. According to the comparative results with real data, we find the best value of fractional orderand justify the use of the fractional concept in the mathematical modelling, for the new fractional modelsimulates the reality more accurately than the other classical frameworks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20calculus" title="fractional calculus">fractional calculus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20solution" title=" numerical solution"> numerical solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151862/a-new-study-on-mathematical-modelling-of-covid-19-with-caputo-fractional-derivative" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6822</span> Removal of Pb(II) Ions from Wastewater Using Magnetic Chitosan–Ethylene Glycol Diglycidyl Ether Beads as Adsorbent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pyar%20Singh%20Jassal">Pyar Singh Jassal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Rani"> Priti Rani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajni%20Johar"> Rajni Johar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adsorption of Pb(II) ions from wastewater using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether cross-linked magnetic chitosan beads (EGDE-MCB) was carried out by considering a number of parameters. The removal efficiency of the metal ion by magnetic chitosan beads (MCB) and its cross-linked derivatives depended on viz contact time, dose of the adsorbent, pH, temperature, etc. The concentration of Cd( II) at different time intervals was estimated by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPSAV) using 797 voltametric analyzer computrace. The adsorption data could be well interpreted by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model. The equilibrium parameter, RL values, support that the adsorption (0<RL<1) is a favorable and spontaneous process. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that it is an exothermic reaction which results with an increase in the randomness of the adsorption process. The kinetic data of Pb(II) ions fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The EGDE-MCB was characterized by using FTIR, SEM, EDX, and TGA techniques. The desorption of metal ion loaded chitosan beads was performed with 0.1M ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) solution for further use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20chitosan%20beads" title="magnetic chitosan beads">magnetic chitosan beads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethylene%20glycol%20diglycidyl%20ether" title=" ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether"> ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20parameters" title=" equilibrium parameters"> equilibrium parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desorption" title=" desorption"> desorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147347/removal-of-pbii-ions-from-wastewater-using-magnetic-chitosan-ethylene-glycol-diglycidyl-ether-beads-as-adsorbent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6821</span> Finite Element Method as a Solution Procedure for Problems in Tissue Biomechanics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Momoh%20Omeiza%20Sheidu">Momoh Omeiza Sheidu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Finite element method as a method of providing solutions to problems in computational bio mechanics provides a framework for modeling the function of tissues that integrates structurally from cell to organ system and functionally across the physiological processes that affect tissue mechanics or are regulated by mechanical forces. In this paper, we present an integrative finite element strategy for solution to problems in tissue bio mechanics as a case study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20biomechanics" title=" computational biomechanics"> computational biomechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19233/finite-element-method-as-a-solution-procedure-for-problems-in-tissue-biomechanics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6820</span> Emotional, Behavioral and Social Problems in Children with Fecal Incontinence by Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL): A Cross-sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roshanak%20Farjad">Roshanak Farjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Hosseini"> Amirhossein Hosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fecal incontinence (FI) is a stressful condition for children and their parents that may affect the patient’s psychological well-being. Evaluating the patients’ psychological status may help physicians manage the disease effectively. This study aimed to assess the emotional and behavioral disturbances in children with FI who were referred to the pediatric gastroenterology clinic in Mofid Children’s Hospital from April 2021 to 2022. This cross-sectional study included children (over four years old) with chronic constipation and fecal incontinence. The diagnosis of chronic constipation and FI were made according to Rome-IV criteria. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) evaluated patients’ emotional, behavioral, and social problems. One hundred one patients with a mean age of 7.96 years were enrolled in the study; 67.32% were males. According to CBCL, 12% (12 patients) indicated emotional and behavioral problems, with CBCL scores in the clinical or at-risk range. We detected anxious/depressed problems in five (4.95%), withdrawn/depressed problems in eight (7.92%), somatic complaints in seven (6.93%), social problems in eight (7.92%), thought problems in nine (8.91%), attention problems in seven (6.93%), rule-breaking behavior in two (1.98%), and aggressive behavior in nine (8.91%) patients. The risk of internalizing and externalizing disorders was reported in four (3.96%) and five (4.95%) patients. Also, eight (7.92%) and seven (6.93%) patients had clinical symptoms of internalizing and externalizing disorders, respectively. There was no significant relationship between patients’ age and gender with the CBCL scores in any subscales. However, there was a significant difference in the total score among the age groups (P = 0.04). The relatively high prevalence of emotional, behavioral, and social problems in our study corroborates the importance of psychological screening of children with FI during the treatment process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20constipation" title="chronic constipation">chronic constipation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20behavior%20checklist%20%28CBCL%29" title=" child behavior checklist (CBCL)"> child behavior checklist (CBCL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fecal%20incontinence" title=" fecal incontinence"> fecal incontinence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rome-IV%20criteria" title=" rome-IV criteria"> rome-IV criteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168978/emotional-behavioral-and-social-problems-in-children-with-fecal-incontinence-by-child-behavior-checklist-cbcl-a-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6819</span> The Development of Leisure and Endowment Characteristic Villages in the Perspective of Balancing the Dwellers and Aged Visitors：A Case Study of Villages in Hangzhou Metropolitan Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zijiao%20Chai">Zijiao Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wangming%20Li"> Wangming Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of increasing aging population, the situation of city endowment resources shortage gradually revealed. And many villages in the metropolitan area with the good natural ecological environment and leisure tourism base, have become one of the main destinations of urban old people for the off-site pension. This paper is based on a survey of more than ten villages which are characterized by leisure and endowment in Hangzhou metropolitan area, China. The satisfaction degree of the two main groups in the villages, dwellers, and aged visitors, is researched using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The statistics are obtained from 535 questionnaires and qualitative interview. According to the satisfaction scores, it could be determined whether the dwellers and aged visitors have reached the equilibrium state. The equilibrium state is the development target of the villages, and it`s defined by environmentally friendly, proper for employment and pension, facilities sharing and harmonious life for each other. Furthermore, this paper comes up with some planning countermeasures in order to avoid "imbalance between dwellers and aged visitors" and obtain sustainable development while maintaining the economic benefit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aged%20visitors" title="aged visitors">aged visitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20between%20dwellers%20and%20aged%20visitors" title=" balance between dwellers and aged visitors"> balance between dwellers and aged visitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dwellers" title=" dwellers"> dwellers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20comprehensive%20evaluation" title=" fuzzy comprehensive evaluation"> fuzzy comprehensive evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hangzhou%20metropolitan%20area" title=" Hangzhou metropolitan area"> Hangzhou metropolitan area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leisure%20and%20endowment%20characteristic%20villages" title=" leisure and endowment characteristic villages"> leisure and endowment characteristic villages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63948/the-development-of-leisure-and-endowment-characteristic-villages-in-the-perspective-of-balancing-the-dwellers-and-aged-visitorsa-case-study-of-villages-in-hangzhou-metropolitan-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6818</span> Enhanced Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for the Cell Formation Problem Using Sequence Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Borghei">S. H. Borghei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Teymourian"> E. Teymourian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mobin"> M. Mobin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20M.%20Komaki"> G. M. Komaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sheikh"> S. Sheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is a recent meta-heuristic method that is inspired by the social evolutions for solving NP-Hard problems. The ICA is a population based algorithm which has achieved a great performance in comparison to other meta-heuristics. This study is about developing enhanced ICA approach to solve the cell formation problem (CFP) using sequence data. In addition to the conventional ICA, an enhanced version of ICA, namely EICA, applies local search techniques to add more intensification aptitude and embed the features of exploration and intensification more successfully. Suitable performance measures are used to compare the proposed algorithms with some other powerful solution approaches in the literature. In the same way, for checking the proficiency of algorithms, forty test problems are presented. Five benchmark problems have sequence data, and other ones are based on 0-1 matrices modified to sequence based problems. Computational results elucidate the efficiency of the EICA in solving CFP problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20formation%20problem" title="cell formation problem">cell formation problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20technology" title=" group technology"> group technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imperialist%20competitive%20algorithm" title=" imperialist competitive algorithm"> imperialist competitive algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence%20data" title=" sequence data"> sequence data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37026/enhanced-imperialist-competitive-algorithm-for-the-cell-formation-problem-using-sequence-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6817</span> Engineering Optimization Using Two-Stage Differential Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Y.%20Tseng">K. Y. Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Y.%20Wu"> C. Y. Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper employs a heuristic algorithm to solve engineering problems including truss structure optimization and optimal chiller loading (OCL) problems. Two different type algorithms, real-valued differential evolution (DE) and modified binary differential evolution (MBDE), are successfully integrated and then can obtain better performance in solving engineering problems. In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm, this study adopts each one testing case of truss structure optimization and OCL problems to compare the results of other heuristic optimization methods. The result indicates that the proposed algorithm can obtain similar or better solution in comparing with previous studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20evolution" title="differential evolution">differential evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Truss%20structure%20optimization" title=" Truss structure optimization"> Truss structure optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20chiller%20loading" title=" optimal chiller loading"> optimal chiller loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20binary%20differential%20evolution" title=" modified binary differential evolution"> modified binary differential evolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109896/engineering-optimization-using-two-stage-differential-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6816</span> Teacher-Student Interactions: Case-Control Studies on Teacher Social Skills and Children’s Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandra%20Turini%20Bolsoni-Silva">Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Regina%20Loureiro"> Sonia Regina Loureiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is important to evaluate such variables simultaneously and differentiating types of behavior problems: internalizing, externalizing and with comorbidity of internalizing and externalizing. The objective was to compare, correlate and predict teacher educational practices (educational social skills and negative practices) and children's behaviors (social skills and behavior problems) of children with internalizing, externalizing and combined internalizing and externalizing problems, controlling variables of child (gender and education). A total of 262 children were eligible to compose the participants, considering preschool age from 3 to 5 years old (n = 109) and school age from 6 to 11 (n = 153) years old, and their teachers who were distributed, in designs case-control, non-clinical, with internalizing, externalizing problems and internalizing and externalizing comorbidity, using the Teacher's Report Form (TRF) as a criterion. The instruments were applied with the teachers, after consent from the parents/guardians: a) Teacher’s Report Form (TRF); b) Educational Social Skills Interview Guide for Teachers (RE-HSE-Pr); (c) Socially Skilled Response Questionnaire – Teachers (QRSH-Pr). The data were treated by univariate and multivariate analyses, proceeding with comparisons, correlations and predictions regarding the outcomes of children with and without behavioral problems, considering the types of problems. As main results stand out: (a) group comparison studies: in the Inter group there is emphasis on behavior problems in affection interactions, which does not happen in the other groups; as for positive practices, they discriminate against groups with externalizing and combined problems and not in internalizing ones, positive educational practices – hse are more frequent in the G-Exter and G-Inter+Exter groups; negative practices differed only in the G-Exter and G-Inter+Exter groups; b) correlation studies: it can be seen that the Inter+Exter group presents a greater number of correlations in the relationship between behavioral problems/complaints and negative practices and between children's social skills and positive practices/contexts; c) prediction studies: children's social skills predict internalizing, externalizing and combined problems; it is also verified that the negative practices are in the multivariate model for the externalizing and combined ones. This investigation collaborates in the identification of risk and protective factors for specific problems, helping in interventions for different problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title="development">development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20practices" title=" educational practices"> educational practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior%20problems" title=" behavior problems"> behavior problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher" title=" teacher"> teacher</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169042/teacher-student-interactions-case-control-studies-on-teacher-social-skills-and-childrens-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6815</span> Prevalence of Emotional Problems among Adolescent Students of Corporation Schools in Chennai</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vithya%20Veeramani">Vithya Veeramani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karunanidhi%20Subbaiah"> Karunanidhi Subbaiah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emotional problems were found to be the predominant cause of suicide and second leading cause of death among adolescents in India. Emotional problems seem to be the underlying cause for various other severe psycho-social problems experienced in adolescence and also in later years of life. The Corporation schools in Chennai city are named as Chennai High School or Chennai Higher Secondary School run by the Corporation of Chennai. These schools fulfill the educational needs of students who hail from lower socio-economic status living in slums of the Chennai city. Adolescent students of Chennai schools tend to lack basic needs like food, clothes, shelter, etc. Some of the other significant problems faced by them are broken family, lack of parental support, frequent quarrel between parents, alcoholic parents, drug abuse and substance abuse among parents and neighbors, extended family, illiterate parents, deprivation of love and care, and lack of sense of belongingness. This prevailing condition may affect them emotionally and could lead to maladaptive behaviour, aggressiveness, poor interpersonal relationship with others, school refusal behaviour, school drop-out, suicide, etc. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the emotional problems faced by the adolescent students studying in Chennai schools, Chennai. A cross-sectional survey design was used to find the prevalence of emotional problems among adolescent students. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the schools for the present study considering the school as a cluster. In total, there are 15 zones, under the control of Chennai Corporation, of which only 7 zones have Corporation Schools in Chennai city, comprising of 32 Chennai Higher Secondary Schools and 38 Chennai High Schools. Out of these 70 schools, 29 schools comprising of 17 high schools and 12 higher secondary schools were selected randomly using lottery method. A sample of 2594 adolescent students from 9th standard and 11th standard was chosen for the study. Percentage analysis was done to find out the prevalence rate of emotional problems among adolescents students studying in Chennai Schools. Results of the study revealed that, out of 2594 students surveyed, 21.04% adolescent students were found to have academic problems (n = 546), 15.99% adolescent students had social problems (n = 415), behaviour problems was found to be prevalent among 12.87% adolescent students (n = 334), depression was prevalent among 15.88% adolescent students (n = 412) and anxiety was prevalent among 14.42% adolescent students (n = 374). Prevalence of emotional problems among male and female revealed that academic problems were more prevalent compared to other problems. Behaviour problems were least prevalent among boys and anxiety was least prevalent among girls than other problems. The overall prevalence rate of emotional problems was found to be on an increasing trend among adolescent students of low socio-economic status in Chennai city. The findings indicated the need for intervention to prevent and rehabilitate these adolescent students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporation%20schools" title=" corporation schools"> corporation schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20problems" title=" emotional problems"> emotional problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88334/prevalence-of-emotional-problems-among-adolescent-students-of-corporation-schools-in-chennai" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6814</span> The Application of Morphological Principles in Compilation of Solutions for Urban-Rural Problems, Case Study: Baghshater Neighborhood, Locating in Tehran, Iran Region1</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sepideh%20Jabbari%20Behnam">Sepideh Jabbari Behnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elnaz%20Mohsenin"> Elnaz Mohsenin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, with the rapid growth of urbanization, urban issues are so problematic more than ever. These problems have various origins and they should be studied in different aspects. One of these problems is destroying the structure and identity of urban-rural textures around cities. This destruction appears due to an uncontrolled and unplanned growth of large cities inside and/or connecting suburban areas to the cities. These textures which were called urban-rural areas are faced with the dual identity of rural and urban tissues. It should be noted that, urban-rural areas have the potential for creating urban habitats with the rural nature. However; these areas, due to lack of planning and proper management have encountered serious problems. The main objective of this article is offering some solutions for the structural-physical problems of urban-rural areas with the using of morphological principles and studies. In this case, after morphological studies of one of urban-rural texture example, and also with the use of offered research literature, general solutions have been suggested to solve some of these textures' issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title="morphology">morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=typo-%20morphology" title=" typo- morphology"> typo- morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban-rural" title=" urban-rural"> urban-rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20texture" title=" urban texture"> urban texture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37650/the-application-of-morphological-principles-in-compilation-of-solutions-for-urban-rural-problems-case-study-baghshater-neighborhood-locating-in-tehran-iran-region1" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6813</span> Unveiling the Potential of MoSe₂ for Toxic Gas Sensing: Insights from Density Functional Theory and Non-equilibrium Green’s Function Calculations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si-Jie%20Ji">Si-Jie Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhanamoorthi%20Nachimuthu"> Santhanamoorthi Nachimuthu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Chiang%20Jiang"> Jyh-Chiang Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, air pollution poses significant global environmental challenges, contributing to acid rain, global warming, and adverse health effects. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of toxic gases in the atmospheric environment in real-time and to deploy cost-effective gas sensors capable of detecting their emissions. In this study, we systematically investigated the sensing capabilities of the two-dimensional MoSe₂ for seven key environmental gases (NO, NO₂, CO, CO₂, SO₂, SO₃, and O₂) using density functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) calculations. We also investigated the impact of H₂O as an interfering gas. Our results indicate that the MoSe₂ monolayer is thermodynamically stable and exhibits strong gas-sensing capabilities. The calculated adsorption energies indicate that these gases can stably adsorb on MoSe₂, with SO₃ exhibiting the strongest adsorption energy (-0.63 eV). Electronic structure analysis, including projected density of states (PDOS) and Bader charge analysis, demonstrates significant changes in the electronic properties of MoSe₂ upon gas adsorption, affecting its conductivity and sensing performance. We find that oxygen (O₂) adsorption notably influenced the deformation of MoSe₂. To comprehensively understand the potential of MoSe₂ as a gas sensor, we used the NEGF method to assess the electronic transport properties of MoSe₂ under gas adsorption, evaluating current-voltage (I-V), resistance-voltage (R-V) characteristics, and transmission spectra to determine sensitivity, selectivity, and recovery time compared to pristine MoSe₂. Sensitivity, selectivity, and recovery time are analyzed at a bias voltage of 1.7V, showing excellent performance of MoSe₂ in detecting SO₃, among other gases. The pronounced changes in electronic transport behavior induced by SO₃ adsorption confirm MoSe₂’s strong potential as a high-performance gas-sensing material. Overall, this theoretical study provides new insights into the development of high-performance gas sensors, demonstrating the potential of MoSe₂ as a gas-sensing material, particularly for gases like SO₃. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title="density functional theory">density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20sensing" title=" gas sensing"> gas sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MoSe%E2%82%82" title=" MoSe₂"> MoSe₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-equilibrium%20Green%E2%80%99s%20function" title=" non-equilibrium Green’s function"> non-equilibrium Green’s function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SO" title=" SO"> SO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192066/unveiling-the-potential-of-mose2-for-toxic-gas-sensing-insights-from-density-functional-theory-and-non-equilibrium-greens-function-calculations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6812</span> Uncertain Time-Cost Trade off Problems of Construction Projects Using Fuzzy Set Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20S.%20Kumar">V. S. S. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vikram"> B. Vikram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of effective decision support tools that adopted in the construction industry is vital in the world we live in today, since it can lead to substantial cost reduction and efficient resource consumption. Solving the time-cost trade off problems and its related variants is at the heart of scientific research for optimizing construction planning problems. In general, the classical optimization techniques have difficulties in dealing with TCT problems. One of the main reasons of their failure is that they can easily be entrapped in local minima. This paper presents an investigation on the application of meta-heuristic techniques to two particular variants of the time-cost trade of analysis, the time-cost trade off problem (TCT), and time-cost trade off optimization problem (TCO). In first problem, the total project cost should be minimized, and in the second problem, the total project cost and total project duration should be minimized simultaneously. Finally it is expected that, the optimization models developed in this paper will contribute significantly for efficient planning and management of construction project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20sets" title="fuzzy sets">fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20cost%20trade%20off%20problems" title=" time cost trade off problems"> time cost trade off problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3994/uncertain-time-cost-trade-off-problems-of-construction-projects-using-fuzzy-set-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6811</span> Co-Integration and Error Correction Mechanism of Supply Response of Sugarcane in Pakistan (1980-2012)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himayatullah%20Khan">Himayatullah Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study estimates supply response function of sugarcane in Pakistan from 1980-81 to 2012-13. The study uses co-integration approach and error correction mechanism. Sugarcane production, area and price series were tested for unit root using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF). The study found that these series were stationary at their first differenced level. Using the Augmented Engle-Granger test and Cointegrating Regression Durbin-Watson (CRDW) test, the study found that “production and price” and “area and price” were co-integrated suggesting that the two sets of time series had long-run or equilibrium relationship. The results of the error correction models for the two sets of series showed that there was disequilibrium in the short run there may be disequilibrium. The Engle-Granger residual may be thought of as the equilibrium error which can be used to tie the short-run behavior of the dependent variable to its long-run value. The Granger-Causality test results showed that log of price granger caused both the long of production and log of area whereas, the log of production and log of area Granger caused each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-integration" title="co-integration">co-integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction%20mechanism" title=" error correction mechanism"> error correction mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger-causality" title=" Granger-causality"> Granger-causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane" title=" sugarcane"> sugarcane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20response" title=" supply response "> supply response </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14689/co-integration-and-error-correction-mechanism-of-supply-response-of-sugarcane-in-pakistan-1980-2012" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6810</span> Multiphase Equilibrium Characterization Model For Hydrate-Containing Systems Based On Trust-Region Method Non-Iterative Solving Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhuoran%20Li">Zhuoran Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guan%20Qin"> Guan Qin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A robust and efficient compositional equilibrium characterization model for hydrate-containing systems is required, especially for time-critical simulations such as subsea pipeline flow assurance analysis, compositional simulation in hydrate reservoirs etc. A multiphase flash calculation framework, which combines Gibbs energy minimization function and cubic plus association (CPA) EoS, is developed to describe the highly non-ideal phase behavior of hydrate-containing systems. A non-iterative eigenvalue problem-solving approach for the trust-region sub-problem is selected to guarantee efficiency. The developed flash model is based on the state-of-the-art objective function proposed by Michelsen to minimize the Gibbs energy of the multiphase system. It is conceivable that a hydrate-containing system always contains polar components (such as water and hydrate inhibitors), introducing hydrogen bonds to influence phase behavior. Thus, the cubic plus associating (CPA) EoS is utilized to compute the thermodynamic parameters. The solid solution theory proposed by van der Waals and Platteeuw is applied to represent hydrate phase parameters. The trust-region method combined with the trust-region sub-problem non-iterative eigenvalue problem-solving approach is utilized to ensure fast convergence. The developed multiphase flash model's accuracy performance is validated by three available models (one published and two commercial models). Hundreds of published hydrate-containing system equilibrium experimental data are collected to act as the standard group for the accuracy test. The accuracy comparing results show that our model has superior performances over two models and comparable calculation accuracy to CSMGem. Efficiency performance test also has been carried out. Because the trust-region method can determine the optimization step's direction and size simultaneously, fast solution progress can be obtained. The comparison results show that less iteration number is needed to optimize the objective function by utilizing trust-region methods than applying line search methods. The non-iterative eigenvalue problem approach also performs faster computation speed than the conventional iterative solving algorithm for the trust-region sub-problem, further improving the calculation efficiency. A new thermodynamic framework of the multiphase flash model for the hydrate-containing system has been constructed in this work. Sensitive analysis and numerical experiments have been carried out to prove the accuracy and efficiency of this model. Furthermore, based on the current thermodynamic model in the oil and gas industry, implementing this model is simple. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equation%20of%20state" title="equation of state">equation of state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrates" title=" hydrates"> hydrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiphase%20equilibrium" title=" multiphase equilibrium"> multiphase equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust-region%20method" title=" trust-region method"> trust-region method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131961/multiphase-equilibrium-characterization-model-for-hydrate-containing-systems-based-on-trust-region-method-non-iterative-solving-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6809</span> Removal of Basic Yellow 28 Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Plastic Wastes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadjib%20Dahdouh">Nadjib Dahdouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Amokrane"> Samira Amokrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elhadj%20Mekatel"> Elhadj Mekatel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamel%20Nibou"> Djamel Nibou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The removal of Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) from aqueous solutions by plastic wastes PMMA was investigated. The characteristics of plastic wastes PMMA were determined by SEM, FTIR and chemical composition analysis. The effects of solution pH, initial Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) concentration C, solid/liquid ratio R, and temperature T were studied in batch experiments. The Freundlich and the Langmuir models have been applied to the adsorption process, and it was found that the equilibrium followed well Langmuir adsorption isotherm. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of BY28 on the PMMA was evaluated for the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. It was found that used models were correlated with the experimental data. Intraparticle diffusion model was also used in these experiments. The thermodynamic parameters namely the enthalpy ∆H°, entropy ∆S° and free energy ∆G° of adsorption of BY28 on PMMA were determined. From the obtained results, the negative values of Gibbs free energy ∆G° indicated the spontaneity of the adsorption of BY28 by PMMA. The negative values of ∆H° revealed the exothermic nature of the process and the negative values of ∆S° suggest the stability of BY28 on the surface of SW PMMA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title="removal">removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waste%20PMMA" title=" Waste PMMA"> Waste PMMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BY28%20dye" title=" BY28 dye"> BY28 dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic%20study" title=" kinetic study"> kinetic study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20study" title=" thermodynamic study"> thermodynamic study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107098/removal-of-basic-yellow-28-dye-from-aqueous-solutions-using-plastic-wastes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6808</span> Slope Stability and Landslides Hazard Analysis, Limitations of Existing Approaches, and a New Direction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisawi%20Alaa%20T.">Alisawi Alaa T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Collins%20P.%20E.%20F."> Collins P. E. F.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis and evaluation of slope stability and landslide hazards are landslide hazards are critically important in civil engineering projects and broader considerations of safety. The level of slope stability risk should be identified due to its significant and direct financial and safety effects. Slope stability hazard analysis is performed considering static and/or dynamic loading circumstances. To reduce and/or prevent the failure hazard caused by landslides, a sophisticated and practical hazard analysis method using advanced constitutive modeling should be developed and linked to an effective solution that corresponds to the specific type of slope stability and landslides failure risk. Previous studies on slope stability analysis methods identify the failure mechanism and its corresponding solution. The commonly used approaches include used approaches include limit equilibrium methods, empirical approaches for rock slopes (e.g., slope mass rating and Q-slope), finite element or finite difference methods, and district element codes. This study presents an overview and evaluation of these analysis techniques. Contemporary source materials are used to examine these various methods on the basis of hypotheses, the factor of safety estimation, soil types, load conditions, and analysis conditions and limitations. Limit equilibrium methods play a key role in assessing the level of slope stability hazard. The slope stability safety level can be defined by identifying the equilibrium of the shear stress and shear strength. The slope is considered stable when the movement resistance forces are greater than those that drive the movement with a factor of safety (ratio of the resistance of the resistance of the driving forces) that is greater than 1.00. However, popular and practical methods, including limit equilibrium approaches, are not effective when the slope experiences complex failure mechanisms, such as progressive failure, liquefaction, internal deformation, or creep. The present study represents the first episode of an ongoing project that involves the identification of the types of landslides hazards, assessment of the level of slope stability hazard, development of a sophisticated and practical hazard analysis method, linkage of the failure type of specific landslides conditions to the appropriate solution and application of an advanced computational method for mapping the slope stability properties in the United Kingdom, and elsewhere through geographical information system (GIS) and inverse distance weighted spatial interpolation(IDW) technique. This study investigates and assesses the different assesses the different analysis and solution techniques to enhance the knowledge on the mechanism of slope stability and landslides hazard analysis and determine the available solutions for each potential landslide failure risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title="slope stability">slope stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazard%20analysis" title=" hazard analysis"> hazard analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslides%20hazard" title=" landslides hazard"> landslides hazard</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154977/slope-stability-and-landslides-hazard-analysis-limitations-of-existing-approaches-and-a-new-direction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6807</span> Effect of Maize Straw-Derived Biochar on Imidacloprid Adsorption onto Soils Prior to No-Tillage and Rotary Tillage Practices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Yves%20Uwamungu">Jean Yves Uwamungu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiston%20Bizimana"> Fiston Bizimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunsheng%20Hu"> Chunsheng Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although pesticides are used in crop productivity, their use is highly harming the soil environment, and measures must be taken in the future to eradicate soil and groundwater pollution. The primary aim was to determine the effect of biochar addition on the imidacloprid adsorption on soil prior to no-tillage (NT) and rotational tillage (RT) conditions. In the laboratory, batch tests were conducted to determine the imidacloprid adsorption on soil using equilibrium and kinetic modelling with the addition of biochar. The clay level of the soil was found to be more significant when no-tillage was applied (22.42) than when rotational tillage was applied (14.27). The imidacloprid adsorption equilibrium was significantly shortened to 25 min after biochar addition. The isotherms and kinetic findings confirmed that the adsorption occurred according to Freundlich and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively. The adsorption capacity of imidacloprid (40<35<25 °C) increased with decreasing temperature, indicating an exothermic adsorption behaviour, whereas negative Gibbs free energy (G) values of -6980.5 and 5983.93 Jmol-1, respectively, for soil prior to NT and RT at 25 °C, asserted spontaneous adsorption. The negative values of entropy (ΔS); -22.83 and -38.15 Jmol-1K-1, prior to NT and RT applications, respectively, described a lowered randomness process. The enthalpy was greater when RT was applied (-17533 J mol-1) than when NT was applied (-450 J mol-1). Lastly, it was shown that NTtreatment enhanced imidacloprid adsorption capacity more than RT treatment and that biochar addition enhanced pesticide adsorption in both treatments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title=" biochar"> biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imidacloprid" title=" imidacloprid"> imidacloprid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tillage" title=" tillage"> tillage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142875/effect-of-maize-straw-derived-biochar-on-imidacloprid-adsorption-onto-soils-prior-to-no-tillage-and-rotary-tillage-practices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6806</span> Calculation of Pressure-Varying Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Isotherm Adsorption Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trevor%20C.%20Brown">Trevor C. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20J.%20Miron"> David J. Miron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gas-solid physical adsorption methods are central to the characterization and optimization of the effective surface area, pore size and porosity for applications such as heterogeneous catalysis, and gas separation and storage. Properties such as adsorption uptake, capacity, equilibrium constants and Gibbs free energy are dependent on the composition and structure of both the gas and the adsorbent. However, challenges remain, in accurately calculating these properties from experimental data. Gas adsorption experiments involve measuring the amounts of gas adsorbed over a range of pressures under isothermal conditions. Various constant-parameter models, such as Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theories are used to provide information on adsorbate and adsorbent properties from the isotherm data. These models typically do not provide accurate interpretations across the full range of pressures and temperatures. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is a simple approximation for modelling equilibrium adsorption data and has been effective in estimating surface areas and catalytic rate laws, particularly for high surface area solids. The Langmuir isotherm assumes the systematic filling of identical adsorption sites to a monolayer coverage. The BET model is based on the Langmuir isotherm and allows for the formation of multiple layers. These additional layers do not interact with the first layer and the energetics are equal to the adsorbate as a bulk liquid. This BET method is widely used to measure the specific surface area of materials. Both Langmuir and BET models assume that the affinity of the gas for all adsorption sites are identical and so the calculated adsorbent uptake at the monolayer and equilibrium constant are independent of coverage and pressure. Accurate representations of adsorption data have been achieved by extending the Langmuir and BET models to include pressure-varying uptake capacities and equilibrium constants. These parameters are determined using a novel regression technique called flexible least squares for time-varying linear regression. For isothermal adsorption the adsorption parameters are assumed to vary slowly and smoothly with increasing pressure. The flexible least squares for pressure-varying linear regression (FLS-PVLR) approach assumes two distinct types of discrepancy terms, dynamic and measurement for all parameters in the linear equation used to simulate the data. Dynamic terms account for pressure variation in successive parameter vectors, and measurement terms account for differences between observed and theoretically predicted outcomes via linear regression. The resultant pressure-varying parameters are optimized by minimizing both dynamic and measurement residual squared errors. Validation of this methodology has been achieved by simulating adsorption data for n-butane and isobutane on activated carbon at 298 K, 323 K and 348 K and for nitrogen on mesoporous alumina at 77 K with pressure-varying Langmuir and BET adsorption parameters (equilibrium constants and uptake capacities). This modeling provides information on the adsorbent (accessible surface area and micropore volume), adsorbate (molecular areas and volumes) and thermodynamic (Gibbs free energies) variations of the adsorption sites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Langmuir%20adsorption%20isotherm" title="Langmuir adsorption isotherm">Langmuir adsorption isotherm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BET%20adsorption%20isotherm" title=" BET adsorption isotherm"> BET adsorption isotherm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure-varying%20adsorption%20parameters" title=" pressure-varying adsorption parameters"> pressure-varying adsorption parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorbate%20and%20adsorbent%20properties%20and%20energetics" title=" adsorbate and adsorbent properties and energetics"> adsorbate and adsorbent properties and energetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69945/calculation-of-pressure-varying-langmuir-and-brunauer-emmett-teller-isotherm-adsorption-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6805</span> Controlling Interactions and Non-Equilibrium Steady State in Spinning Active Matter Monolayers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Paul%20Steimel">Joshua Paul Steimel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Pappas"> Michael Pappas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethan%20Hall"> Ethan Hall</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Particle-particle interactions are critical in determining the state of an active matter system. Unique and ubiquitous non-equilibrium behavior like swarming, vortexing, spiraling, and much more is governed by interactions between active units or particles. In hybrid active-passive matter systems, the attraction between spinning active units in a 2D monolayer of passive particles is controlled by the mechanical behavior of the passive monolayer. We demonstrate here that the range and dynamics of this attraction can be controlled by changing the composition of the passive monolayer by adding dopant passive particles. These dopant passive particles effectively pin the movement of dislocation motion in the passive media and reduce the probability of defect motion required to erode the bridge of passive particles between active spinners, thus reducing the range of attraction. Additionally, by adding an out of plane component to the magnetic moment and creating a top-like motion a short range repulsion emerges between the top-like particle. At inter-top distances less than four particle diameters apart, the tops repel but beyond that, distance attract up to 13 particle diameters apart. The tops were also able to locally and transiently anneal the passive monolayer. Thus we demonstrate that by tuning several parameters of the hybrid active matter system, one can observe very different emergent behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20matter" title="active matter">active matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colloids" title=" colloids"> colloids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetic" title=" ferromagnetic"> ferromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annealing" title=" annealing"> annealing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155350/controlling-interactions-and-non-equilibrium-steady-state-in-spinning-active-matter-monolayers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6804</span> The Iraqi Fibre-to-the-Home Networks, Problems, Challenges, and Solutions along with Less Expense</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasanein%20Hasan">Hasanein Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Al-Taie"> Mohammed Al-Taie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Shanshool"> Basil Shanshool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalaf%20Abd-Ali"> Khalaf Abd-Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This approach aims to deal with establishing and operating Iraqi Fibre-To-The-Home (FTTH) projects. The problems they suffer from are organized sabotage, vandalism, accidental damage and poor planning. It provides practical solutions that deal with the aforementioned problems. These solutions consist of both technical and financial clarifications that ensure the achievement of the FTTH network’s stability for the purpose of equipping citizens, private sector companies, and governmental institutions with services, data transmission, the Internet, and other services. They aim to solve problems and obstacles accompanying the operation and maintenance of FTTH projects implemented by the Informatics and Telecommunications Public Company (ITPC)/ Iraqi Ministry of Communications (MoC). This approach takes the FTTH network of AlMaalif-AlMuaslat districts/ Baghdad-Iraq as a case study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CCTV" title="CCTV">CCTV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTTH" title=" FTTH"> FTTH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITPC" title=" ITPC"> ITPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MoC" title=" MoC"> MoC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NVR" title=" NVR"> NVR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTZ" title=" PTZ"> PTZ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183733/the-iraqi-fibre-to-the-home-networks-problems-challenges-and-solutions-along-with-less-expense" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6803</span> Modeling Corruption Dynamics Within Bono and Ahafo Police Service in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Ahmed%20Hosney">Adam Ahmed Hosney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The existence of a culture of corruption within an institution, such as the police, could be a sign of failure from various angles. There is a general perception among Ghanaians that the most corrupt institution is the police service. The purpose of this study is to formulate and analyze a nonlinear mathematical model to investigate corruption as an epidemic within the Ghana police service, this study revealed the basic reproduction number for corruption extinction and corruption survival. The threshold conditions for all kinds of equilibrium points are obtained using linearization methods and Lyapunov functional methods, and they demonstrate local asymptotic stability for both corrupt endemic and corrupt free equilibrium states. The model was analyzed qualitatively, and the solution was derived. The model appears to be positively invariant and attractive. Therefore, the region exhibits positive invariance. Thus, it is adequate to think about the dynamics of the model. For the purpose of illustrating the solution, the graphic result was presented and discussed. Results show that corruption will die out within the police service if the government shows no tolerance for those involved in corrupt practices. Study findings indicate that leaders should be trustworthy, demonstrate a complete and viable commitment to addressing corruption, and make it a priority to provide mass education to all citizens as well as using religious leaders to fight corruption since most Ghanaians are religious and trust their leaders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title="mathematical model">mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20equation" title=" differential equation"> differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamical%20system" title=" dynamical system"> dynamical system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189912/modeling-corruption-dynamics-within-bono-and-ahafo-police-service-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6802</span> Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies on Adsorption of Reactive Blue 29 from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Tamarind Kernel Powder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20D.%20Paul">E. D. Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Adams"> A. D. Adams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Sunmonu"> O. Sunmonu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20S.%20Ishiaku"> U. S. Ishiaku </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Activated tamarind kernel powder (ATKP) was prepared from tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica), and utilized for the removal of Reactive Blue 29 (RB29) from its aqueous solution. The powder was activated using 4N nitric acid (HNO₃). The adsorbent was characterised using infrared spectroscopy, bulk density, ash content, pH, moisture content and dry matter content measurements. The effect of various parameters which include; temperature, pH, adsorbent dosage, ion concentration, and contact time were studied. Four different equilibrium isotherm models were tested on the experimental data, but the Temkin isotherm model was best-fitted into the experimental data. The pseudo-first order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were also fitted into the graphs, but pseudo-second order was best fitted to the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of Reactive Blue 29 onto activated tamarind kernel powder is a physical process, feasible and spontaneous, exothermic in nature and there is decreased randomness at the solid/solution interphase during the adsorption process. Therefore, activated tamarind kernel powder has proven to be a very good adsorbent for the removal of Reactive Blue 29 dyes from industrial waste water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tamarind%20kernel%20powder" title="tamarind kernel powder">tamarind kernel powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20blue%2029" title=" reactive blue 29"> reactive blue 29</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherms" title=" isotherms"> isotherms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75190/kinetics-equilibrium-and-thermodynamic-studies-on-adsorption-of-reactive-blue-29-from-aqueous-solution-using-activated-tamarind-kernel-powder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6801</span> Associations between Sleep Problems and Disordered Eating in Japanese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takaharu%20Hirai">Takaharu Hirai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuta%20Mitobe"> Yuta Mitobe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiromi%20Hirai"> Hiromi Hirai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) are serious psychiatric disorders that affect individuals, especially adolescents. It has been suggested that nonclinical ED-like characteristics are related to sleep problems. However, studies exploring the association between potential ED and sleep disorders have primarily been conducted in Europe and the United States. We conducted a survey of Japanese adolescents to investigate this claim. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 398 school-aged adolescents, aged 12–18 years old, matched for gender ratio, responded to a self-administered questionnaire survey. We used the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) to measure potential ED and sleep problems, respectively. In this study, participants with an EAT-26 total score of 0–19 points were classified as non-ED, while those with scores of 20 points or higher were classified as potential ED. Result: Of the 398 participants, 17 (4.3%) had an EAT-26 total score of 20 or higher. Among boys, the rate was 6 of 199 participants (3%), and among girls, the rate was 11 of 182 participants (6%). There were 89 participants (22.4%) with an AIS score of 6 points or higher, of which 36 (17.6%) were boys, and 53 (27.5%) were girls. Adolescents with potential ED had significantly higher rates of daytime sleep problems than those without ED. Further, while examining the types of sleep problems, adolescents with potential ED had greater problems with a sense of well-being and physical and mental functioning during the day. In contrast, no significant associations were found between potential ED and sleep initiation, awakenings during the night, early morning awakening, total sleep duration, or overall quality of sleep. Finally, nocturnal and daytime sleep scores were significantly associated with dieting, bulimia, and oral control EAT-26 sub-scores. Discussion: While Japanese adolescents with possible ED do not experience nighttime sleep problems, they do experience problems related to well-being and mental and physical functioning, which are indicators of daytime sleep problems. This may assist with early detection of disordered eating in adolescents. The study suggested that professionals working towards adolescent mental health issues need an approach that comprehensively integrates both sleep problems and potential ED. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20eating%20disorders" title=" potential eating disorders"> potential eating disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20problems" title=" sleep problems"> sleep problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eating%20attitudes%20test-26" title=" eating attitudes test-26"> eating attitudes test-26</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142858/associations-between-sleep-problems-and-disordered-eating-in-japanese-adolescents-a-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6800</span> Environment Problems of Energy Exploitation and Utilization in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyu%20Mohammed%20Lawal">Aliyu Mohammed Lawal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problems placed on the environment as a result of energy generation and usage in Nigeria is: potential damage to the environment health by CO, CO2, SOx, and NOx, effluent gas emissions and global warming. For instance in the year 2004 in Nigeria energy consumption was 58% oil and 34% natural gas but about 94 million metric tons of CO2 was emitted out of which 64% came from fossil fuels while about 35% came from fuel wood. The findings from this research on how to alleviate these problems are that long term sustainable development solutions should be enhanced globally; energy should be used more rationally renewable energy resources should be exploited and the existing emissions should be controlled to tolerate limits because the increase in energy demand in Nigeria places enormous strain on current energy facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effluent%20gas" title="effluent gas">effluent gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissions" title=" emissions"> emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NOx" title=" NOx"> NOx</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOx" title=" SOx "> SOx </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42935/environment-problems-of-energy-exploitation-and-utilization-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6799</span> Problems Occurring in the Process of Audit by Taking into Consideration their Theoretic Aspects against the Background of Reforms Conducted in a Country: The Example of Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levan%20Sabauri">Levan Sabauri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this article is an examination of the meaning of theoretic aspects of audit in the context of solving of specific problems of the audit. The audit’s aim is the estimation of financial statements by the auditor, i.e. if they are prepared according to the basic requirements of current financial statements. By examination of concrete examples, we can clearly see problems created in an audit and in often cases, those contradictions which can be caused by incompliance of matters regulated by legislation and by reality. An important part of this work is the analysis of reform in the direction of business accounting, statements and audit in Georgia and its comparison with EU countries. In the article, attention is concentrated on the analysis of specific problems of auditing practice and ways of their solving by taking into consideration theoretical aspects of the audit are proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audit" title="audit">audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditor" title=" auditor"> auditor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditors%E2%80%99%20ethic%20code" title=" auditors’ ethic code"> auditors’ ethic code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditor%E2%80%99s%20risk" title=" auditor’s risk"> auditor’s risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20statement" title=" financial statement"> financial statement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=objectivity" title=" objectivity"> objectivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64568/problems-occurring-in-the-process-of-audit-by-taking-into-consideration-their-theoretic-aspects-against-the-background-of-reforms-conducted-in-a-country-the-example-of-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6798</span> Spatial Interpolation Technique for the Optimisation of Geometric Programming Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debjani%20Chakraborty">Debjani Chakraborty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhijit%20Chatterjee"> Abhijit Chatterjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aishwaryaprajna"> Aishwaryaprajna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Posynomials, a special type of polynomials, having singularities, pose difficulties while solving geometric programming problems. In this paper, a methodology has been proposed and used to obtain extreme values for geometric programming problems by nth degree polynomial interpolation technique. Here the main idea to optimise the posynomial is to fit a best polynomial which has continuous gradient values throughout the range of the function. The approximating polynomial is smoothened to remove the discontinuities present in the feasible region and the objective function. This spatial interpolation method is capable to optimise univariate and multivariate geometric programming problems. An example is solved to explain the robustness of the methodology by considering a bivariate nonlinear geometric programming problem. This method is also applicable for signomial programming problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20programming%20problem" title="geometric programming problem">geometric programming problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariate%20optimisation%20technique" title=" multivariate optimisation technique"> multivariate optimisation technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posynomial" title=" posynomial"> posynomial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20interpolation" title=" spatial interpolation"> spatial interpolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70385/spatial-interpolation-technique-for-the-optimisation-of-geometric-programming-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6797</span> Social Enterprise Strategies for Financial Sustainability in the Economic Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Bereczk">Adam Bereczk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to persistent socioeconomic problems regarding sustainability and labour market equilibrium in Europe, the subjects of social economy gained considerable academic attention recently. At the meantime, social enterprises pursuing the double bottom line criteria, struggling to find the proper management philosophies and strategies to make their social purpose business financially sustainable. Despite the strategic management literature was developed mainly on the bases of large corporations, in the past years, the interpretation of strategy concepts became a frequent topic in scientific discussions in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises also. The topic of strategic orientations is a good example of the trend. However, less is known about the case of social enterprises, despite the fact, the majority of them are small businesses engaged in real business activities. The main purpose of this work is to give a comprehensive summary of different perspectives regarding the interpretations of strategic orientations of social enterprises. The novelty of this work is it shows the previous outcomes and models of scholars from various fields of economic science who tried to intertwine the two spheres in different forms, methodize the findings and draw attention to the shortcomings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20enterprises" title="social enterprises">social enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20sustainability" title=" business sustainability"> business sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20orientations" title=" strategic orientations"> strategic orientations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature%20review" title=" literature review"> literature review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94083/social-enterprise-strategies-for-financial-sustainability-in-the-economic-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6796</span> HIV/AIDS Family Dysfunction Trajectories, Child Abuse and Psychosocial Problems among Adolescents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Narh%20Doku">Paul Narh Doku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between parental HIV/AIDS status or death and child mental health is well known, although the role of child maltreatment as a confounder or mediator in this relationship remains uncertain. This study examined the potential path mechanism through child maltreatment mediating the link between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Lower Manya Municipal Assembly of Ghana. A questionnaire which consisted of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Social and Health Assessment (SAHA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) was completed by 291 adolescents. Controlling for relevant sociodemographic confounders, mediation analyses using linear regression were fitted to examine whether the association between family dysfunction and psychosocial problems is mediated by child maltreatment. The results indicate that, among adolescents, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between being orphaned by AIDS and self-esteem, delinquency and risky behaviours, and peer problems. Similarly, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between living with an HIV/AIDS-infected parent and self-esteem, delinquency and risky behaviours, depression/emotional problems, and peer problems. Partial mediation was found for hyperactivity. Child maltreatment mediates the association between the family dysfunction trajectories of parental HIV/AIDS or death and psychosocial problems among adolescents. This implies that efforts to address child maltreatment among families affected by HIV/AIDS may be helpful in the prevention of psychosocial problems among these children, thus enhancing their well-being. The findings, therefore, underscore the need for comprehensive psychosocial interventions that address both the unique negative exposures of HIV/AIDS and maltreatment for children affected by HIV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20maltreatment" title="child maltreatment">child maltreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20abuse" title=" child abuse"> child abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychosocial%20problems" title=" psychosocial problems"> psychosocial problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20violence" title=" domestic violence"> domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV%2FAIDS" title=" HIV/AIDS"> HIV/AIDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165589/hivaids-family-dysfunction-trajectories-child-abuse-and-psychosocial-problems-among-adolescents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6795</span> Influence of Confinement on Phase Behavior in Unconventional Gas Condensate Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szymon%20Kuczynski">Szymon Kuczynski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poland is characterized by the presence of numerous sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon provinces. Since 2006 exploration for hydrocarbons in Poland become gradually more focus on new unconventional targets, particularly on the shale gas potential of the Upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin. The first forecast prepared by US Energy Information Administration in 2011 indicated to 5.3 Tcm of natural gas. In 2012, Polish Geological Institute presented its own forecast which estimated maximum reserves on 1.92 Tcm. The difference in the estimates was caused by problems with calculations of the initial amount of adsorbed, as well as free, gas trapped in shale rocks (GIIP - Gas Initially in Place). This value is dependent from sorption capacity, gas saturation and mutual interactions between gas, water, and rock. Determination of the reservoir type in the initial exploration phase brings essential knowledge, which has an impact on decisions related to the production. The study of porosity impact for phase envelope shift eliminates errors and improves production profitability. Confinement phenomenon affects flow characteristics, fluid properties, and phase equilibrium. The thermodynamic behavior of confined fluids in porous media is subject to the basic considerations for industrial applications such as hydrocarbons production. In particular the knowledge of the phase equilibrium and the critical properties of the contained fluid is essential for the design and optimization of such process. In pores with a small diameter (nanopores), the effect of the wall interaction with the fluid particles becomes significant and occurs in shale formations. Nano pore size is similar to the fluid particles’ diameter and the area of particles which flow without interaction with pore wall is almost equal to the area where this phenomenon occurs. The molecular simulation studies have shown an effect of confinement to the pseudo critical properties. Therefore, the critical parameters pressure and temperature and the flow characteristics of hydrocarbons in terms of nano-scale are under the strong influence of fluid particles with the pore wall. It can be concluded that the impact of a single pore size is crucial when it comes to the nanoscale because there is possible the above-described effect. Nano- porosity makes it difficult to predict the flow of reservoir fluid. Research are conducted to explain the mechanisms of fluid flow in the nanopores and gas extraction from porous media by desorption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20condensation" title=" capillary condensation"> capillary condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20envelope" title=" phase envelope"> phase envelope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanopores" title=" nanopores"> nanopores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20natural%20gas" title=" unconventional natural gas"> unconventional natural gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37434/influence-of-confinement-on-phase-behavior-in-unconventional-gas-condensate-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6794</span> A Family of Second Derivative Methods for Numerical Integration of Stiff Initial Value Problems in Ordinary Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20Ukpebor">Luke Ukpebor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20E.%20Abhulimen"> C. E. Abhulimen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stiff initial value problems in ordinary differential equations are problems for which a typical solution is rapidly decaying exponentially, and their numerical investigations are very tedious. Conventional numerical integration solvers cannot cope effectively with stiff problems as they lack adequate stability characteristics. In this article, we developed a new family of four-step second derivative exponentially fitted method of order six for the numerical integration of stiff initial value problem of general first order differential equations. In deriving our method, we employed the idea of breaking down the general multi-derivative multistep method into predator and corrector schemes which possess free parameters that allow for automatic fitting into exponential functions. The stability analysis of the method was discussed and the method was implemented with numerical examples. The result shows that the method is A-stable and competes favorably with existing methods in terms of efficiency and accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A-stable" title="A-stable">A-stable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponentially%20fitted" title=" exponentially fitted"> exponentially fitted</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=four%20step" title=" four step"> four step</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predator-corrector" title=" predator-corrector"> predator-corrector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20derivative" title=" second derivative"> second derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiff%20initial%20value%20problems" title=" stiff initial value problems"> stiff initial value problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73388/a-family-of-second-derivative-methods-for-numerical-integration-of-stiff-initial-value-problems-in-ordinary-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20problems&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20problems&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20problems&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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