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href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Personnel </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personnel subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hosts_and_hostesses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hosts_and_hostesses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Hosts and hostesses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hosts_and_hostesses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Announcers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Announcers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Announcers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Announcers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Production staff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Production </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Production-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Production subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Set" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Set"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Set </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Set-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-COVID-19_accommodations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_accommodations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 COVID-19 accommodations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_accommodations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audition_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audition_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Audition process </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audition_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Broadcast_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Broadcast_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Broadcast history </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Broadcast_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Broadcast history subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Broadcast_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Celebrity_Wheel_of_Fortune" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celebrity_Wheel_of_Fortune"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Celebrity Wheel of Fortune </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celebrity_Wheel_of_Fortune-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Reception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merchandise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merchandise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Merchandise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merchandise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Works cited </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Wheel of Fortune (American game show)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" > 23 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9_(%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC_%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A)" title="دايرة الحياة (برنامج تلفزيوني) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دايرة الحياة (برنامج تلفزيوني)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%BCcksrad_(Spielshow)" title="Glücksrad (Spielshow) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glücksrad (Spielshow)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rado_de_Fortuno" title="Rado de Fortuno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rado de Fortuno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="چرخ شانس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چرخ شانس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%9C" title="גלגל המזל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלגל המזל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(rancangan_permainan_A.S.)" title="Wheel of Fortune (rancangan permainan A.S.) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wheel of Fortune (rancangan permainan A.S.)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%96%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%86%E3%83%AC%E3%83%93%E7%95%AA%E7%B5%84)" title="ホイール・オブ・フォーチュン (テレビ番組) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホイール・オブ・フォーチュン (テレビ番組)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(ameryka%C5%84ski_teleturniej)" title="Wheel of Fortune (amerykański teleturniej) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wheel of Fortune (amerykański teleturniej)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8B_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Колесо фортуны (телеигра) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колесо фортуны (телеигра)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(US_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (US game show) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wheel of Fortune (US game show)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolo_sre%C4%8De_(TV-kviz)" title="Kolo sreče (TV-kviz) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kolo sreče (TV-kviz)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%9B%D0%B5_(%D0%A2%D0%92_%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Коло среће (ТВ емисија) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Коло среће (ТВ емисија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(ameri%C4%8Dka_TV-igra)" title="Wheel of Fortune (američka TV-igra) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wheel of Fortune (američka TV-igra)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Wheel of Fortune – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wheel of Fortune" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99" title="วีลออฟฟอร์จูน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วีลออฟฟอร์จูน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ark%C4%B1felek_(yar%C4%B1%C5%9Fma)" title="Çarkıfelek (yarışma) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çarkıfelek (yarışma)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(tr%C3%B2_ch%C6%A1i_truy%E1%BB%81n_h%C3%ACnh_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3)" title="Wheel of Fortune (trò chơi truyền hình Hoa Kỳ) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wheel of Fortune (trò chơi truyền hình Hoa Kỳ)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3567653#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Special:Badtitle/Message">reviewed</a> on 24 November 2024.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American television game show</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the unrelated American game show of the same name that debuted in 1952, see <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(1952_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (1952 game show)">Wheel of Fortune (1952 game show)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Wheel of Fortune (disambiguation)">Wheel of Fortune (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230561210">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Wheel of Fortune</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The text "Wheel of Fortune" in yellow letters; the "O" in "of" is stylized to resemble a roulette wheel"><img alt="The text "Wheel of Fortune" in yellow letters; the "O" in "of" is stylized to resemble a roulette wheel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png/220px-Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png/330px-Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png/440px-Wheel_of_Fortune_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="173" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data ib-tv-aka">Wheel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Game_show" title="Game show">Game show</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin" title="Merv Griffin">Merv Griffin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Jeff Goldstein</li><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Carson" title="Dick Carson">Dick Carson</a></li><li>Mark Corwin</li><li>Bob Cisneros</li><li>Robert Ennis</li><li>Alex Van Wagner</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Presented by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Woolery" title="Chuck Woolery">Chuck Woolery</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Sajak" title="Pat Sajak">Pat Sajak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Benirschke" title="Rolf Benirschke">Rolf Benirschke</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Goen" title="Bob Goen">Bob Goen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Stafford" title="Susan Stafford">Susan Stafford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vanna_White" title="Vanna White">Vanna White</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Sajak" title="Maggie Sajak">Maggie Sajak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Announcer</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_O%27Donnell" title="Charlie O'Donnell">Charlie O'Donnell</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Clark_(television_personality)" title="Jack Clark (television personality)">Jack Clark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/M._G._Kelly" title="M. G. Kelly">M. G. Kelly</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thornton" title="Jim Thornton">Jim Thornton</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Theme music composer</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Thicke" title="Alan Thicke">Alan Thicke</a></li><li>Merv Griffin</li><li>Steve Kaplan</li><li>Frankie Blue</li><li>John Hoke</li><li><a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Fingers_Music" title="Bleeding Fingers Music">Bleeding Fingers Music</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ending theme</th><td class="infobox-data">"Changing Keys"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of seasons</th><td class="infobox-data">syndication: 42 <a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>: 1 Celebrity WoF: 4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class="infobox-data">syndication: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>ca. 8000 <a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>: 24 Celebrity WoF: 45</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Executive producers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Merv Griffin</li><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Friedman" title="Harry Friedman">Harry Friedman</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Richards_(television_personality)" title="Mike Richards (television personality)">Mike Richards</a></li><li>Bellamie Blackstone</li><li>Steve Schwartz</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>John Rhinehart</li><li>Nancy Jones</li><li>Harry Friedman<a href="#cite_note-Friedman-1">[1]</a></li><li>Karen Griffith</li><li>Steve Schwartz</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production locations</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Burbank_Studios" title="The Burbank Studios">NBC Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burbank,_California" title="Burbank, California">Burbank, California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Television_City" title="Television City">Television City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Studios" title="Sony Pictures Studios">Sony Pictures Studios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City, California</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data">approx. 22 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production companies</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin_Enterprises" title="Merv Griffin Enterprises">Merv Griffin Productions/Enterprises</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_TriStar_Television" title="Columbia TriStar Television">Columbia TriStar (Domestic) Television</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television" title="Sony Pictures Television">Sony Pictures Television</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a></li><li>Califon Productions, Inc.</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 6, 1975 (1975-01-06) – June 30, 1989 (1989-06-30)</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_syndication" title="Broadcast syndication">Syndication</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">September 19, 1983 (1983-09-19) – present</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">July 17, 1989 (1989-07-17) – January 11, 1991 (1991-01-11)</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 14 (1991-01-14) – September 20, 1991 (1991-09-20)</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> <a href="/wiki/Game_Show_Network" title="Game Show Network">Game Show Network</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">September 13, 1997 (1997-09-13) – February 7, 1998 (1998-02-07)</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> (Celebrity Wheel of Fortune)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 7, 2021 (2021-01-07) – present</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Related</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a> Celebrity Wheel of Fortune</td></tr></tbody></table> Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel<a href="#cite_note-3">[b]</a>) is an American television <a href="/wiki/Game_show" title="Game show">game show</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin" title="Merv Griffin">Merv Griffin</a>. The show has aired continuously since January 6, 1975. Contestants solve word puzzles, similar to those in <a href="/wiki/Hangman_(game)" title="Hangman (game)">hangman</a>, to win cash and prizes determined by spinning a giant carnival wheel. The current version of the series, which airs in nightly <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_syndication" title="Broadcast syndication">syndication</a>, premiered on September 19, 1983. The original version of Wheel was a network daytime series that ran on <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> from January 6, 1975, to June 30, 1989, and subsequently aired on <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> from July 17, 1989, to January 11, 1991; it returned to NBC on January 14, 1991, and was cancelled that year, ending on September 20, 1991. The network daytime and syndicated nighttime versions aired concurrently from 1983 until the former's conclusion. The network version was originally hosted by <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Woolery" title="Chuck Woolery">Chuck Woolery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Stafford" title="Susan Stafford">Susan Stafford</a>. Woolery left in 1981, and was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Pat_Sajak" title="Pat Sajak">Pat Sajak</a>. Sajak left the network version in January 1989 to host his own <a href="/wiki/The_Pat_Sajak_Show" title="The Pat Sajak Show">late-night talk show</a>, while remaining as host of the nighttime Wheel. Sajak was replaced in the daytime by <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Benirschke" title="Rolf Benirschke">Rolf Benirschke</a>, who was in turn replaced by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Goen" title="Bob Goen">Bob Goen</a> when the network show moved to CBS. Goen remained as host for the second NBC run. Stafford left in 1982 and was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Vanna_White" title="Vanna White">Vanna White</a>, who remained on the network show for the rest of its run. The show has also had four announcers in its history: <a href="/wiki/Charlie_O%27Donnell" title="Charlie O'Donnell">Charlie O'Donnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Clark_(television_personality)" title="Jack Clark (television personality)">Jack Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/M._G._Kelly" title="M. G. Kelly">M. G. Kelly</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thornton" title="Jim Thornton">Jim Thornton</a>. Sajak retired from the show on June 7, 2024; <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a> replaced Sajak on September 9, 2024. Wheel of Fortune ranks as the longest-running syndicated game show in the United States, with 8,000 episodes taped and aired as of June 7, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a> named it the "top-rated syndicated series" in a 2008 article,<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[2]</a> and in 2013, the magazine ranked it at No. 2 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever.<a href="#cite_note-TVGuide-5">[3]</a> The program has also come to gain a worldwide following with 60 <a href="/wiki/International_versions_of_Wheel_of_Fortune" title="International versions of Wheel of Fortune">international adaptations</a>. The syndicated series' 41st season premiered on September 11, 2023. With the show's 36th season in 2018, Sajak became the longest-running host of any game show, surpassing <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a>, who hosted <a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> from 1972 to 2007.<a href="#cite_note-6">[4]</a> Two spin-off versions exist as well. The first was <a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>, a version featuring child contestants which aired simultaneously on CBS and <a href="/wiki/Game_Show_Network" title="Game Show Network">Game Show Network</a> between 1997 and 1998. This version's hosts were David Sidoni and <a href="/wiki/Tanika_Ray" title="Tanika Ray">Tanika Ray</a>, the latter in the role of a <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">CGI</a> hostess named "Cyber Lucy". The second, Celebrity Wheel of Fortune, began airing on <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> on January 7, 2021, and features celebrities playing a modified version of the game with winnings donated to charity. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gameplay">Gameplay</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Gameplay">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_game">Main game</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Main game">edit</a>]</div> Wheel of Fortune is based on <a href="/wiki/Hangman_(game)" title="Hangman (game)">hangman</a>. In each round, three players compete to be the first to guess the answer to a word puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-7">[5]</a> At the start of each round, the host reveals the category. In general, puzzles must be read exactly, except for <a href="/wiki/Crossword_puzzle" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossword puzzle">crossword puzzles</a> (which were added to the show in 2016) where the host gives a clue linking the words and contestants may give the words in any order, so long as all words are given without repeating or adding any.<a href="#cite_note-8">[6]</a> The titular Wheel of Fortune is a <a href="/wiki/Roulette" title="Roulette">roulette</a>-style wheel with 24 wedges. Most are labeled with dollar amounts ranging from $500 to $900, with a top value in each round: $2,500 in round 1, $3,500 in rounds 2 and 3, and $5,000 for round 4 and any subsequent rounds. The wheel also features two Bankrupt wedges and one Lose a Turn wedge. Landing on either forfeits the contestant's turn, with the Bankrupt wedge also eliminating any cash or prizes the contestant has accumulated within the round.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> Most matches consist of three contestants, although some variants feature three teams of two people each. Contestants in control spin the wheel to determine a dollar value, then guess a consonant.<a href="#cite_note-11">[c]</a> Landing on a dollar amount and calling a correct consonant results in the hostess revealing every instance of that letter, also awarding the value of the spin multiplied by the number of times the letter appears in the puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-horace-12">[9]</a> After a correct consonant, a contestant is able to spin again, buy a vowel for a flat rate of $250 (until no more remain in the puzzle), or attempt to solve the puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> Control passes to the next contestant clockwise if the contestant lands on Lose a Turn or Bankrupt, calls a letter not in the puzzle, calls a letter already called in that round, attempts unsuccessfully to solve the puzzle, or takes too much time to call a letter or decide on their next action. Each game also features five toss-up puzzles, in which one random letter is revealed at a time; the first contestant to ring in with the right answer wins a cash bonus. The first, worth $1,000, determines the order of the pre-game interviews conducted by the host. The second, worth $2,000, determines who spins first in round one. The third through fifth, collectively the "Triple Toss-Up", take place prior to the fourth round. The Triple Toss-Up consists of three consecutive puzzles, each with the same category and a common theme. Solving any awards $2,000, while solving the third also earns the right to start the fourth round. Beginning in 2021, an additional $4,000 is awarded for a total of $10,000 if the same contestant solves all three.<a href="#cite_note-renewedto2024-13">[10]</a> Contestants may only ring in once for each toss-up puzzle, and no cash is awarded if all three fail to solve; if this occurs, then the contestant closest to the host controls the next portion of the game. In addition to the toss-ups, each game has a minimum of four rounds, with more played if time permits.<a href="#cite_note-horace-12">[9]</a> Rounds 2 and 3 are respectively started by the next two contestants clockwise from the contestant who began round 1. In the first three rounds, the wheel also contains a Wild Card over a selected wedge. If this is claimed by calling a correct letter, the contestant may use it after a correct consonant to call a second consonant for the same value as the present spin, or take it to the bonus round. There is also a special wedge which offers a pre-determined prize, typically a trip or credit to a company. Both also offer $500 per correct letter. The first three rounds also contain a special wedge known as the "Million Dollar Wedge", in which, if won and taken to the bonus round, offers an opportunity to play for $1,000,000. The "Million Dollar Wedge" is also occupied in the same manner as the $10,000 space in the past, which has two Bankrupt spaces on both sides of the wedge. A contestant must solve the puzzle in order to keep any cash, prizes, or extras accumulated during that round except for the Wild Card. Bankrupt does not affect score from previous rounds or prizes from previous rounds, but it takes away the Wild Card and/or the Million Dollar Wedge if either was claimed in a previous round.<a href="#cite_note-14">[11]</a> Contestants who solve a round for less than $1,000 in cash and prizes ($2,000 on weeks with two-contestant teams) have their scores increased to that amount. Round 2 features two "Mystery Wedges". Calling a correct letter on one offers the chance to accept its face value of $1,000 per letter, or forfeit that to flip over the wedge and see whether its reverse side contains a $10,000 cash prize or Bankrupt. Once one is flipped over, the other becomes a standard $1,000 space and cannot be flipped. Round 3 is a Prize Puzzle, which offers a prize (usually a trip) to the contestant who solves. Since 2013, this round also has an "Express" wedge. A contestant who lands on this space and calls a correct consonant receives $1,000 per appearance. The contestant can then either "pass" and continue the round normally, or "play" and keep calling consonants for $1,000 each (without spinning) and buying vowels for $250. If the contestant calls an incorrect letter, runs out of time during the Express, or solves the puzzle incorrectly, it is treated as a Bankrupt.<a href="#cite_note-15">[12]</a> The final round of every game is always played at least in part as a "speed-up". At this point, the contestant who is in control of the wheel spins one last time (known as the "final spin"). Prior to Season 39, the host performed the final spin.<a href="#cite_note-17">[d]</a> When the final spin lands on a dollar amount, that amount has $1,000 added to create the value of a consonant for the rest of the game, and vowels are free. If the final spin lands on anything that is not a dollar amount, another one is performed until one lands on a dollar amount.<a href="#cite_note-youtube_final_spin-16">[13]</a> The contestant in control calls a letter. If the letter appears in the puzzle, the hostess reveals all instances of the letter and the contestant has three seconds to attempt solving once the hostess moves to the side of the board. If the three-second time limit expires, control passes to the next contestant and gameplay continues in this fashion until the puzzle is solved. After the speed-up round, the contestant with the highest total winnings wins the game and advances to the bonus round. Contestants who did not solve any puzzles are awarded a consolation prize of $1,000 (or $2,000 on weeks with two-contestant teams). If a tie for first place occurs after the speed-up, an additional toss-up puzzle is played between the tied contestants. The contestant who solves the toss-up puzzle wins $1,000 and advances to the bonus round.<a href="#cite_note-18">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bonus_round">Bonus round</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bonus round">edit</a>]</div> Since 2017, the winning contestant chooses one of three puzzle categories before the round begins (prior to 2017, the category and puzzle were predetermined). After doing so, the contestant spins a smaller wheel with 24 envelopes to determine the prize. The puzzle is revealed, as is every instance of the letters R, S, T, L, N, and E. The contestant provides three more consonants and one more vowel, plus a fourth consonant if the contestant has retained the Wild Card. After any instances of those letters are revealed, the contestant has 10 seconds to solve the puzzle; the contestant make multiple guesses, as long as the entire answer is started before time expires. Whether or not the contestant solves the puzzle, the host opens the envelope at the end of the round to reveal the prize at stake. Prizes in the bonus round include various cash amounts ranging from $40,000 to $100,000 as well as a vehicle, with the latter prize on being available in certain weeks. Prior to 2024, it was always available, except for certain weeks. Furthermore, if the contestant has the Wild Card and/or the Million Dollar Wedge, it will be placed next to the wheel on a holder. If the contestant has the Million Dollar Wedge, the $100,000 envelope is replaced with a $1,000,000 envelope.<a href="#cite_note-19">[15]</a> The $1,000,000 prize has been awarded three times to contestants, and one time to a celebrity, for a total of four Million Dollar winners. It was won by Michelle Loewenstein (Regular version; October 14, 2008),<a href="#cite_note-20">[16]</a> Autumn Erhard (Regular version; May 30, 2013),<a href="#cite_note-21">[17]</a> Sarah Manchester (Regular version; September 17, 2014),<a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melissa_Joan_Hart" title="Melissa Joan Hart">Melissa Joan Hart</a> (Youth Villages) (Celebrity Wheel of Fortune; October 17, 2021).<a href="#cite_note-23">[19]</a> In the regular version, contestants who win the $1,000,000 may receive it in installments over 20 years, or in a <a href="/wiki/Lump_sum" title="Lump sum">lump sum</a> of that amount's present value.<a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Previous_rules">Previous rules</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Previous rules">edit</a>]</div> Originally, after winning a round, contestants used their winnings to purchases prizes in showcases that were presented onstage, referred to as a "shopping round". At any time during a shopping round, a contestant could choose to put his or her winnings either on a <a href="/wiki/Gift_certificate" class="mw-redirect" title="Gift certificate">gift certificate</a> or "on account" for use in a later shopping round.<a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a> Money put "on account" was lost if the contestant hit Bankrupt or failed to solve another puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> The shopping element was eliminated from the syndicated version on the episode that aired October 5, 1987,<a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a> both to speed up gameplay and to alleviate the <a href="/wiki/Taxes" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxes">taxes</a> paid by contestants.<a href="#cite_note-horace-12">[9]</a> However, the network version continued to use shopping until the end of its first NBC run on June 30, 1989.<a href="#cite_note-27">[23]</a> Before the introduction of toss-up puzzles in 2000,<a href="#cite_note-Season_18_Premiere-28">[24]</a> the contestant at the red arrow always started the first round, with the next contestant clockwise starting each subsequent round.<a href="#cite_note-Sams_and_Shook_33-29">[25]</a> In addition, ties for first place were broken by another speed-up round. If a tie for first place occurred on the daytime version, all three players returned to continue the game on the next episode, and it counted as a single appearance.<a href="#cite_note-30">[26]</a> The wheel formerly featured a Free Spin wedge, which automatically awarded a token that the contestant could turn in after a lost turn to keep control of the wheel.<a href="#cite_note-31">[27]</a> It was replaced in 1989 with a single Free Spin token placed over a selected cash wedge. Free Spin was retired in 2009. From 2009 to 2021, it was replaced by Free Play, a wedge that allowed a contestant to call any consonant or a free vowel, with no penalty if the letter was not in the puzzle or had already been called in the round.<a href="#cite_note-32">[28]</a> Between September 16, 1996<a href="#cite_note-33">[29]</a> and 2013, the show featured a progressive Jackpot wedge, which had been in several different rounds in its history.<a href="#cite_note-36">[e]</a> The jackpot began at $5,000 and had the value of every spin within the round added to it. To claim the jackpot, a contestant had to land on the wedge, call a correct letter, and solve the puzzle all in the same turn. In later years, it also offered $500 per correct letter and $500 to the jackpot, regardless of whether or not it was won in that turn. The network version allowed champions to appear for up to five days originally, which was later reduced to three. The syndicated version, which originally retired contestants after one episode, adopted the three-day champion rule in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-season_7-37">[32]</a> In 1996, this was changed to have the top three winners from the week's first four shows return to compete in the "Friday Finals". When the jackpot wedge was introduced, it began at $10,000 instead of $5,000 on Fridays. The rules allowing returning champions were eliminated permanently beginning with the syndicated episode aired September 21, 1998, and contestants appear only on a single episode, reverting to the pre-1989 rules.<a href="#cite_note-38">[33]</a> The Friday Finals are occasionally used for special themed weeks, such as in nighttime season 40, using teams consisting of contestants and members of <a href="/wiki/World_Wrestling_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wrestling Entertainment">World Wrestling Entertainment</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/WrestleMania_XXXIII" class="mw-redirect" title="WrestleMania XXXIII">WrestleMania XXXIII</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[34]</a> Before December 1981, the show did not feature a bonus round.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> However, two experimental bonus rounds were attempted before then. In 1978, some episodes featured a round known as the "Star Bonus", where a star-shaped token was placed on the wheel. Contestants who picked up the token played an additional round at the end of the game to win one of four prizes, whose value determined the difficulty of the puzzle. The contestant provided four consonants and a vowel, and was given 15 seconds to attempt solving.<a href="#cite_note-40">[35]</a> In one week of episodes airing in March 1980, contestants who won the main game were given 30 seconds to attempt solving a puzzle for a chance to win a luxury automobile, in a week called "Super Wheel Bonus Week".<a href="#cite_note-41">[36]</a> When the current bonus round was introduced in 1981, no letters were provided automatically. The contestant asked for five consonants and a vowel, and then had fifteen seconds to attempt solving the puzzle. Also, bonus prizes were selected by the contestant at the start of the round.<a href="#cite_note-42">[37]</a> The current time limit and rules for letter selection were introduced on October 3, 1988.<a href="#cite_note-43">[38]</a> In the nighttime version, from season 7 to season 19 (September 4, 1989 to October 19, 2001), bonus prizes were selected by the contestant choosing from one of five envelopes labeled W, H, E, E, and L. One prize was always $25,000 in cash, and the rest were changed weekly. Any prize that was won was taken out of rotation for the rest of the week.<a href="#cite_note-season_7-37">[32]</a> From 1998 to 2001, the $25,000 remained in-place for each episode during the entire week, regardless if it was won. In 2001, three car envelopes and two $25,000 envelopes were available the entire week of shows.<a href="#cite_note-44">[39]</a> The five-envelope format was replaced by the current bonus wheel on October 22, 2001. From season 19 to 29, the minimum cash value was $25,000.<a href="#cite_note-45">[40]</a> In seasons 30 to 40, the minimum was $1,000 multiplied by the season number. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conception_and_development">Conception and development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conception and development">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin" title="Merv Griffin">Merv Griffin</a> conceived Wheel of Fortune using inspiration from <a href="/wiki/Hangman_(game)" title="Hangman (game)">hangman</a>, which he would play with his sister on family road trips. After he discussed the idea with Merv Griffin Enterprises' staff, they thought that the idea would work as a game show if it had a "hook". He decided to add a roulette-style wheel because he was always "drawn to" such wheels when he saw them in casinos. He and Merv Griffin Enterprises' then-president Murray Schwartz consulted an executive of <a href="/wiki/Caesars_Palace" title="Caesars Palace">Caesars Palace</a> to find out how to build such a wheel.<a href="#cite_note-ninetynine-46">[41]</a> When Griffin pitched the idea for the show to <a href="/wiki/Lin_Bolen" title="Lin Bolen">Lin Bolen</a>, then the head of NBC's daytime programming division, she approved, but wanted the show to have more glamour to attract the female audience. She suggested that Griffin incorporate a shopping element into the gameplay, and so, in 1973, he created a <a href="/wiki/Television_pilot" title="Television pilot">pilot</a> episode titled Shopper's Bazaar, with <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Woolery" title="Chuck Woolery">Chuck Woolery</a> as host and Mike Lawrence as announcer. The pilot started with the three contestants being introduced individually, with Lawrence describing the prizes that they chose to play for. The main game was played to four rounds, with the values on the wheel wedges increasing after the second round. Unlike the show it evolved into, Shopper's Bazaar had a vertically mounted wheel,<a href="#cite_note-47">[42]</a> which was spun automatically rather than by the contestants. This wheel lacked the Bankrupt wedge and featured a wedge where a contestant could call a vowel for free, as well as a "Your Own Clue" wedge that allowed contestants to pick up a <a href="/wiki/Rotary_dial" title="Rotary dial">rotary telephone</a> and hear a private clue about the puzzle. At the end of the game, the highest-scoring contestant played a bonus round called the "Shopper's Special" where all the vowels in the puzzle were already there, and the contestant had 30 seconds to call out consonants in the puzzle. <a href="/wiki/Edd_Byrnes" title="Edd Byrnes">Edd Byrnes</a>, an actor from <a href="/wiki/77_Sunset_Strip" title="77 Sunset Strip">77 Sunset Strip</a>, served as host for the second and third pilots, both titled Wheel of Fortune.<a href="#cite_note-Graham_&_Jefferson-48">[43]</a> These pilots were directed by <a href="/wiki/Marty_Pasetta" title="Marty Pasetta">Marty Pasetta</a>, who gave the show an aesthetic that more closely resembled the look and feel that the actual show ended up having, a wheel that was now spun by the contestants themselves, and a lighted mechanical puzzle board with letters that were now manually turnable. Showcase prizes on these pilots were located behind the puzzle board, and during shopping segments a list of prizes and their price values scrolled on the right of the screen. By the time production began in December 1974, Woolery was selected to host, the choice being made by Griffin after he reportedly heard Byrnes reciting "A-E-I-O-U" to himself in an effort to remember the vowels.<a href="#cite_note-Graham_&_Jefferson-48">[43]</a> In his autobiography, Byrnes acknowledged being intoxicated during the pilot's taping.<a href="#cite_note-49">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Stafford" title="Susan Stafford">Susan Stafford</a> turned the letters on Byrnes' pilot episodes, a role that she also held when the show was picked up as a series.<a href="#cite_note-ninetynine-46">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personnel">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chuck Woolery was the original host of the daytime version of Wheel of Fortune, holding this position from 1975 to 1981."><img alt="A head shot of Chuck Woolery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg/86px-Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg/129px-Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg/172px-Chuck_Woolery_2004_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="453" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chuck Woolery was the original host of the daytime version of Wheel of Fortune, holding this position from 1975 to 1981.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Memorial_Day_Parade,_Grand_Marshall,_Pat_Sajak,_Mon_30_May_2011_(11).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pat Sajak hosted the daytime version from 1981 to 1989 and the nighttime version of the show from 1983 to 2024, and has hosted the celebrity spin-off since 2021."><img alt="A head shot of Pat Sajak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg/97px-National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg/145px-National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg/193px-National_Memorial_Day_Parade%2C_Grand_Marshall%2C_Pat_Sajak%2C_Mon_30_May_2011_%2811%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1904" data-file-height="2361" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pat Sajak hosted the daytime version from 1981 to 1989 and the nighttime version of the show from 1983 to 2024, and has hosted the celebrity spin-off since 2021.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Rolf_Benirschke.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rolf Benirschke took over hosting duties on the daytime version in January 1989."><img alt="A head shot of Rolf Benirschke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rolf_Benirschke.jpg/91px-Rolf_Benirschke.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rolf_Benirschke.jpg/136px-Rolf_Benirschke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rolf_Benirschke.jpg/182px-Rolf_Benirschke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="317" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rolf Benirschke took over hosting duties on the daytime version in January 1989.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bob Goen hosted the daytime version from mid-1989 until its cancellation in 1991."><img alt="A head shot of Bob Goen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg/120px-Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg/180px-Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg/240px-Bob_Goen_Family_Feud_Live.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="780" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bob Goen hosted the daytime version from mid-1989 until its cancellation in 1991.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_(29850173024)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ryan Seacrest replaced Pat Sajak as the host of Wheel of Fortune beginning with its 42nd syndicated season in 2024."><img alt="A head shot of Ryan Seacrest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/81px-Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/121px-Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/162px-Ryan_Seacrest_161020-Z-DZ751-062_%2829850173024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="783" data-file-height="1159" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ryan Seacrest replaced Pat Sajak as the host of Wheel of Fortune beginning with its 42nd syndicated season in 2024.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hosts_and_hostesses">Hosts and hostesses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hosts and hostesses">edit</a>]</div> The original host of Wheel of Fortune was <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Woolery" title="Chuck Woolery">Chuck Woolery</a>, who hosted the series from its 1975 premiere until December 25, 1981, save for one week in August 1980 when <a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Alex Trebek</a> hosted in his place.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[46]</a> Woolery's departure came over a salary dispute with show creator Merv Griffin, and his contract was not renewed.<a href="#cite_note-horace-12">[9]</a> On December 28, 1981, <a href="/wiki/Pat_Sajak" title="Pat Sajak">Pat Sajak</a> made his debut as the host of Wheel.<a href="#cite_note-independent-52">[47]</a> Griffin said that he chose Sajak for his "odd" sense of humor. NBC president and CEO <a href="/wiki/Fred_Silverman" title="Fred Silverman">Fred Silverman</a> objected as he felt Sajak, who at the time of his hiring was the <a href="/wiki/Weather_forecaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Weather forecaster">weatherman</a> for <a href="/wiki/KNBC" title="KNBC">KNBC</a>, was "too local" for a national audience. Griffin countered by telling Silverman he would stop production if Sajak was not allowed to become host, and Silverman acquiesced.<a href="#cite_note-53">[48]</a> Sajak hosted the daytime series until January 9, 1989, when he left to host a <a href="/wiki/The_Pat_Sajak_Show" title="The Pat Sajak Show">late-night talk show</a> for CBS. The show's producers auditioned a number of potential successors upon his departure. These potential replacements included <a href="/wiki/Michael_Reagan" title="Michael Reagan">Michael Reagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Davidson_(entertainer)" title="John Davidson (entertainer)">John Davidson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Convy" title="Bert Convy">Bert Convy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tim_Brando" title="Tim Brando">Tim Brando</a>.<a href="#cite_note-54">[49]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Benirschke" title="Rolf Benirschke">Rolf Benirschke</a>, a former placekicker in the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, was chosen as his replacement and hosted for a little more than five months. Benirschke's term as host came to an end due to NBC's cancellation of the daytime Wheel after fourteen years, with its final episode airing on June 30, 1989.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> When the newly formatted daytime series returned on CBS on July 17, 1989, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Goen" title="Bob Goen">Bob Goen</a> became its host. The daytime program continued for a year and a half on CBS, then returned to NBC on January 14, 1991, and continued until September 20, 1991, when it was cancelled for a second and final time.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak,_2006_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg/220px-Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg/330px-Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg/440px-Vanna_White_and_Pat_Sajak%2C_2006_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption>Vanna White (left, with Pat Sajak at right) has been the show's co-host since 1982.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Stafford" title="Susan Stafford">Susan Stafford</a> was the original hostess, serving in that role from the premiere until October 1982. Stafford was absent for two extended periods, once in 1977 after fracturing two vertebrae in her back and once in 1979 after an automobile accident.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[50]</a> During these two extended absences, former Miss USA <a href="/wiki/Summer_Bartholomew" title="Summer Bartholomew">Summer Bartholomew</a> was Stafford's most frequent substitute, with model Cynthia Washington and comedian <a href="/wiki/Arte_Johnson" title="Arte Johnson">Arte Johnson</a> also filling in for Stafford.<a href="#cite_note-56">[51]</a> After Stafford left to become a humanitarian worker,<a href="#cite_note-ninetynine-46">[41]</a> over two hundred applicants signed up for a nationwide search to be her replacement.<a href="#cite_note-white-57">[52]</a> Griffin eventually narrowed the list to three finalists, which consisted of Summer Bartholomew, former Playboy centerfold <a href="/wiki/Vicki_Iovine" title="Vicki Iovine">Vicki McCarty</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vanna_White" title="Vanna White">Vanna White</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[53]</a> Griffin gave each of the three women an opportunity to win the job by putting them in a rotation for several weeks after Stafford's departure.<a href="#cite_note-horace-12">[9]</a> In December 1982, Griffin named White as Stafford's successor, saying that he felt she was capable of activating the puzzle board letters (which is the primary role of the Wheel hostess) better than anyone else who had auditioned.<a href="#cite_note-59">[54]</a> White became highly popular among the young female demographic,<a href="#cite_note-60">[55]</a> and also gained a fanbase of adults interested in her daily wardrobe, in a phenomenon that has been referred to as "Vannamania".<a href="#cite_note-white-57">[52]</a> White also hosted the daytime version until its cancellation in 1991, except for one week in June 1986 when Stafford returned so that White could recover after her fiancé, John Gibson, died in a plane crash.<a href="#cite_note-61">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[57]</a> Sajak and White have starred on the syndicated version continuously as host and hostess, respectively, since it began, except for very limited occasions. During two weeks in January 1991, Tricia Gist, the girlfriend and future wife of Griffin's son Tony, filled in for White when she and her new husband, restaurateur George San Pietro, were honeymooning.<a href="#cite_note-63">[58]</a> Gist returned for the week of episodes airing March 11 through 15, 1991, because White had a <a href="/wiki/Common_cold" title="Common cold">cold</a> at the time of taping.<a href="#cite_note-64">[59]</a> On an episode in November 1996, when Sajak proved unable to host the bonus round segment because of <a href="/wiki/Laryngitis" title="Laryngitis">laryngitis</a>, he and White traded places for that segment.<a href="#cite_note-65">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[61]</a> On the March 4, 1997 episode, <a href="/wiki/Rosie_O%27Donnell" title="Rosie O'Donnell">Rosie O'Donnell</a> co-hosted the third round with White after O'Donnell's name was used in a puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-67">[62]</a> On April 1, 1997, Sajak and <a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Alex Trebek</a> traded jobs for the day. Sajak hosted that day's edition of <a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> in place of Trebek.<a href="#cite_note-April_Fool-68">[63]</a> Trebek presided over a special two-contestant Wheel celebrity match between Sajak and White, who were playing for the <a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America" title="Boy Scouts of America">Boy Scouts of America</a> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Cancer_Society" title="American Cancer Society">American Cancer Society</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-69">[64]</a> Lesly Sajak, Pat's wife, was the guest hostess for the day.<a href="#cite_note-April_Fool-68">[63]</a> In January and February 2011, the show held a "Vanna for a Day" contest in which home viewers submitted video auditions to take White's place for one episode, with the winner determined by a poll on the show's website.<a href="#cite_note-70">[65]</a> The winner of this contest, Katie Cantrell of <a href="/wiki/Wooster,_Ohio" title="Wooster, Ohio">Wooster, Ohio</a> (a student at the <a href="/wiki/Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design" title="Savannah College of Art and Design">Savannah College of Art and Design</a>),<a href="#cite_note-71">[66]</a> took White's place for the second and third rounds on the episode that aired March 24, 2011. In November 2019, three weeks of episodes were taped with White hosting in Sajak's place while he recovered from intestinal surgery.<a href="#cite_note-72">[67]</a> During her time as hostess, several guests appeared at the puzzle board, including costumed performers of <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mouse" title="Mickey Mouse">Mickey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minnie_Mouse" title="Minnie Mouse">Minnie Mouse</a> (during the Secret Santa shows)<a href="#cite_note-73">[68]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Sajak" title="Maggie Sajak">Maggie Sajak</a> (Sajak's daughter), the latter of which appeared on the May 10, 2023 episode of Celebrity Wheel of Fortune, due to White being a contestant.<a href="#cite_note-74">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[71]</a> Maggie joined the show as a special correspondent, making appearances similar to the "Clue Crew" on companion program Jeopardy!, in September 2021.<a href="#cite_note-renewedto2024-13">[10]</a> On June 12, 2023, Sajak announced he would be leaving Wheel at the end of the 41st season.<a href="#cite_note-77">[72]</a> A few weeks later, <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a> was announced to be the new host, starting in September 2024. Seacrest further stated that he looked forward to working alongside White.<a href="#cite_note-78">[73]</a> On September 19, 2023, Sony announced that White had extended her contract for additional two years to continue as co-host through the 2025–26 season.<a href="#cite_note-deadline-vanna-thru2025-79">[74]</a> White was absent from the week of episodes airing October 2 through 6 due to her testing positive for COVID-19; taking her place for these episodes was schoolteacher Bridgette Donald-Blue, who was named Teacher of the Year for 2023 by the <a href="/wiki/California_Teachers_Association" title="California Teachers Association">California Teachers Association</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[75]</a> Sajak's final syndicated episode aired on June 7, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-81">[76]</a> It was announced on July 11, 2024, that because of <a href="/wiki/American_Idol" title="American Idol">American Idol</a> auditions likely to occur that will take up Ryan Seacrest's time, Sajak will host the upcoming celebrity season on ABC.<a href="#cite_note-82">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Announcers">Announcers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Announcers">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:236px;max-width:236px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:110px;max-width:110px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A head shot of Charlie O'Donnell" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg/108px-Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg/162px-Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg/216px-Charlie_O%E2%80%99Donnell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="264" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thornton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Jim Thornton, seated and wearing a headset" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Jim_Thornton.jpg/120px-Jim_Thornton.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Jim_Thornton.jpg/180px-Jim_Thornton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Jim_Thornton.jpg/240px-Jim_Thornton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2189" data-file-height="2127" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_O%27Donnell" title="Charlie O'Donnell">Charlie O'Donnell</a> (left) was the show's longest-tenured announcer, holding this position from 1975 to 1980 and again from 1988 to 2010. He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thornton" title="Jim Thornton">Jim Thornton</a> (right) in 2011.</div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Charlie_O%27Donnell" title="Charlie O'Donnell">Charlie O'Donnell</a> was the program's first and longest tenured announcer. In 1980, NBC was discussing cancelling Wheel and O'Donnell agreed to take the position as announcer on The <a href="/wiki/Toni_Tennille" title="Toni Tennille">Toni Tennille</a> Show. The network decided against the cancellation but O'Donnell decided to honor his commitment and left the series.<a href="#cite_note-randy-83">[78]</a> His replacement was <a href="/wiki/Jack_Clark_(television_personality)" title="Jack Clark (television personality)">Jack Clark</a>, who added the syndicated series to his responsibilities when it premiered in 1983 and announced for both series until his death in July 1988.<a href="#cite_note-84">[79]</a> Los Angeles radio personality <a href="/wiki/M._G._Kelly" title="M. G. Kelly">M. G. Kelly</a> was Clark's replacement, starting on the daytime series in August 1988 and on the syndicated series a month later.<a href="#cite_note-85">[80]</a> Kelly held these positions until O'Donnell was able to return to the announcer position, doing so after his duties with <a href="/wiki/Barris_Industries" title="Barris Industries">Barris Industries</a> came to an end at the end in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> O'Donnell remained with the series until shortly before his death in November 2010.<a href="#cite_note-death-86">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Don_Pardo" title="Don Pardo">Don Pardo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Morrow" title="Don Morrow">Don Morrow</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Gilbert" title="Johnny Gilbert">Johnny Gilbert</a> have occasionally served as substitute announcers.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> After O'Donnell's death, the producers sought a permanent replacement, and a series of substitutes announced, including Gilbert, <a href="/wiki/John_Cramer_(announcer)" title="John Cramer (announcer)">John Cramer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Cipriano" title="Joe Cipriano">Joe Cipriano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rich_Fields" title="Rich Fields">Rich Fields</a>, Lora Cain, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thornton" title="Jim Thornton">Jim Thornton</a>. In 2011, Thornton was chosen to be the show's fourth announcer.<a href="#cite_note-87">[82]</a> In season 39, Thornton appeared on-camera at the start of every episode.<a href="#cite_note-renewedto2024-13">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production_staff">Production staff</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Production staff">edit</a>]</div> Wheel of Fortune typically employs a total of 100 in-house production personnel, with 60 to 100 local staff joining them for those episodes that are taped on location.<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> Griffin was the <a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">executive producer</a> of the network version throughout its entire run, and served as the syndicated version's executive producer until his retirement in 2000. Since 1999, the title of executive producer has been held by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Friedman" title="Harry Friedman">Harry Friedman</a>, who had shared his title with Griffin for his first year,<a href="#cite_note-Credits-89">[84]</a> and had earlier served as a producer starting in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman-1">[1]</a> On August 1, 2019, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television" title="Sony Pictures Television">Sony Pictures Television</a> announced that Friedman would retire as executive producer of both Wheel and <a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> at the end of the 2019–20 season.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman_retirement-90">[85]</a> On August 29, 2019, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television" title="Sony Pictures Television">Sony Pictures Television</a> announced that <a href="/wiki/Mike_Richards_(television_personality)" title="Mike Richards (television personality)">Mike Richards</a> would replace Friedman at the start of 2020–21 season.<a href="#cite_note-91">[86]</a> Following Richards' earlier resignation as permanent host of <a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a>, he was fired on August 31, 2021, from his executive producer position at both Jeopardy! and Wheel. A Sony memo indicated that <a href="/wiki/Michael_Davies_(television_producer)" title="Michael Davies (television producer)">Michael Davies</a> from <a href="/wiki/Embassy_Row_(production_company)" title="Embassy Row (production company)">Embassy Row</a> would serve as interim executive producer of both Wheel and Jeopardy!; however, Davies was not credited on any episodes of Wheel, and Deadline subsequently reported that <a href="/wiki/Senior_producer" title="Senior producer">supervising producer</a> Steve Schwartz oversaw the balance of the show's 39th season.<a href="#cite_note-92">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-Credits-89">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-dh-blackstone-93">[88]</a> Sajak was named a consulting producer in September 2021.<a href="#cite_note-renewedto2024-13">[10]</a> On March 23, 2022, Bellamie Blackstone was announced to be a permanent executive producer for Wheel, with Schwartz getting promoted to co-executive producer.<a href="#cite_note-dh-blackstone-93">[88]</a> John Rhinehart was the program's first producer, but departed in August 1976 to become NBC's West Coast Daytime Program Development Director. Afterwards, his co-producer, Nancy Jones, was promoted to sole producer, and served as such until 1995, when Friedman succeeded her.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman-1">[1]</a> In 1997, Karen Griffith and Steve Schwartz joined Friedman as producers. They were later promoted to supervising producers, with Amanda Stern occupying Griffith's and Schwartz's former position.<a href="#cite_note-Credits-89">[84]</a> The show's original <a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">director</a> was Jeff Goldstein, who was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Dick_Carson" title="Dick Carson">Dick Carson</a> (a brother of <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a>) in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> Mark Corwin, who had served as associate director under Carson, took over for him upon his retirement at the end of the 1998–99 season, and served as such until he himself died in July 2013 (although episodes already taped before his death continued airing until late 2013).<a href="#cite_note-94">[89]</a> Jeopardy! director <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy_(director)" title="Kevin McCarthy (director)">Kevin McCarthy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-95">[90]</a> Corwin's associate director Bob Cisneros,<a href="#cite_note-96">[91]</a> and Wheel and Jeopardy! <a href="/wiki/Technical_director" title="Technical director">technical director</a> Robert Ennis filled in at various points,<a href="#cite_note-97">[92]</a> until Cisneros became full-time director in November 2013.<a href="#cite_note-98">[93]</a> Ennis returned as guest director for the weeks airing October 13 through 17 and November 17 through 21, 2014, as Cisneros was recovering from neck surgery at the time of taping.<a href="#cite_note-99">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[95]</a> On September 14, 2015, Ennis was promoted to full-time director.<a href="#cite_note-101">[96]</a> Ennis retired at the end of the 2022–23 season and was replaced by Alex Van Wagner.<a href="#cite_note-deadline-vanna-thru2025-79">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> Wheel of Fortune is owned by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television" title="Sony Pictures Television">Sony Pictures Television</a> (previously known as <a href="/wiki/Columbia_TriStar_Television" title="Columbia TriStar Television">Columbia TriStar Television</a>, the successor company to original producer <a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin_Enterprises" title="Merv Griffin Enterprises">Merv Griffin Enterprises</a>).<a href="#cite_note-TVWeek2007-102">[97]</a> The production company and copyright holder of all episodes to date is Califon Productions, Inc., which like SPT has <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> for its active registered agent, and whose name comes from a <a href="/wiki/Califon,_New_Jersey" title="Califon, New Jersey">New Jersey town</a> where Griffin once owned a farm.<a href="#cite_note-103">[98]</a> The rights to distribute the show worldwide are owned by <a href="/wiki/CBS_Media_Ventures" title="CBS Media Ventures">CBS Media Ventures</a>, into which original distributor <a href="/wiki/King_World_Productions" class="mw-redirect" title="King World Productions">King World Productions</a> was folded in 2007, while CBS Broadcasting took over broadcasting rights on October 28, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-104">[99]</a> Wheel of Fortune originally taped at <a href="/wiki/The_Burbank_Studios" title="The Burbank Studios">NBC Studios</a> in Burbank.<a href="#cite_note-105">[100]</a> The first fourteen years of the daytime series, as well as the first six of the syndicated series, emanated from Studio 4. At the conclusion of the 1988–89 television season, which saw NBC drop the daytime series from its lineup, Wheel left Burbank and production moved to <a href="/wiki/Television_City" title="Television City">CBS Television City</a> in Los Angeles. Both the nightly series and a relaunched daytime series taped in Studio 33 upon the move. The daytime series remained in production until 1991, by which point it had returned to NBC, while continuing to tape at Television City, the syndicated series remained there until 1995.<a href="#cite_note-106">[101]</a> After that, the show moved to its current home at <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Studios" title="Sony Pictures Studios">Sony Pictures Studios</a> in <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City</a>, where it occupies Stage 11.<a href="#cite_note-107">[102]</a> Some episodes are also recorded on location, a tradition which began with two weeks of episodes taped at <a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a> in late 1988.<a href="#cite_note-108">[103]</a> Recording sessions usually last for five or six episodes in one day.<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Set">Set</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Set">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_set.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A screen shot of Wheel of Fortune, showing the entirety of the show's set" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/46/Wheel_set.jpg/220px-Wheel_set.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/46/Wheel_set.jpg/330px-Wheel_set.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/46/Wheel_set.jpg 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption>The design of the Wheel of Fortune set as seen in 2012</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A screen shot of Wheel of Fortune, showing the puzzle board displaying the words "baked potato with sour cream & chives"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/52/Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg/220px-Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/52/Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg/330px-Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/52/Wheel_puzzle_board.jpg 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption>The 2003–2022 puzzle board, as seen in 2012 during the Jackpot Round</figcaption></figure> Various changes have been made to the basic set since the syndicated version's premiere in 1983. In 1997, a large <a href="/wiki/Video_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Video display">video display</a> was added center stage, which was then upgraded in 2003 as the show began the transition into <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high-definition</a> broadcasting. In the mid-1990s, the show began a long-standing tradition of nearly every week coming with its own unique theme (such as a holiday or other concept), with associated decorations on the set. The most recent set design introduced during season 42 in 2024 was conceived by <a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">production designers</a> J.P. Connelly and Renee Hoss-Johnson, coinciding with the debut of Ryan Seacrest as host. It was designed to feature nods to past eras of the show and Merv Griffin's original concept of a "grand" atmosphere, using an <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a>-influenced style including gold-tinted circles and spokes evoking the wheel itself (including a new puzzle board backdrop inspired by the earlier "wagon wheel" design), and a new video wall that can now slide open for the host's entrance.<a href="#cite_note-109">[104]</a> Shopper's Bazaar used a vertically mounted wheel which was often difficult to see on-screen. Ed Flesh, who also designed the sets for <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a>, redesigned the wheel mechanism, in which the wheel lays flat while a camera zooms in from above.<a href="#cite_note-110">[105]</a> The first incarnation of the wheel was mostly made of paint and cardboard, and has since seen multiple design changes.<a href="#cite_note-flesh-111">[106]</a> Until the mid-1990s, the wheel spun automatically during the opening and closing of the show. The current incarnation, in use since 2003, is framed on a steel tube surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Plexiglas" class="mw-redirect" title="Plexiglas">Plexiglas</a> panels and contains more than 200 lighting instruments. It is held by a stainless steel shaft with roller bearings. Altogether, the wheel weighs approximately 2,400 pounds (1,100 kg).<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> The wheel, including its light extensions, is 16.5 ft (5.0 m) in diameter.<a href="#cite_note-112">[107]</a> The show's original puzzle board had three rows of 13 manually operated <a href="/wiki/Trilon" title="Trilon">trilons</a>, for a total of 39 spaces. On December 21, 1981, a larger board with 48 trilons in four rows (11, 13, 13, and 11 trilons) was adopted. This board was surrounded by a double-arched border of lights which flashed at the beginning and end of the round. Each trilon had three sides: a green side to represent spaces not used by the puzzle, a blank side to indicate a letter that had not been revealed, and a side with a letter on it.<a href="#cite_note-Sams_and_Shook_33-29">[25]</a> While the viewer saw a seamless transition to the next puzzle, with these older boards in segments where more than one puzzle was present, a stop-down of taping took place during which the board was wheeled offstage and the new puzzle loaded in by hand out of sight of the contestants. On February 24, 1997, the show introduced a computerized puzzle board composed of 52 touch-activated monitors in four rows (12 on the top and bottom rows, 14 in the middle two).<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> During regular gameplay, when a contestant chose a letter that is in the puzzle, the monitors at those positions became illuminated and the hostess touched the right edge of each one to reveal the letter.<a href="#cite_note-113">[108]</a> The puzzle board was refurbished for season 40 in 2022, replacing the individual monitors for each letter with a singular video board, and using <a href="/wiki/Lidar" title="Lidar">lidar</a> sensors for touch input.<a href="#cite_note-114">[109]</a> Although not typically seen by viewers, the set also includes a used letter board that shows contestants which letters are remaining in play, a scoreboard that is visible from the contestants' perspective, and a countdown clock.<a href="#cite_note-115">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[111]</a> The used letter board is also used during the bonus round, and in at least one case, helped the contestant to see unused letters to solve a difficult puzzle.<a href="#cite_note-117">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_accommodations">COVID-19 accommodations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: COVID-19 accommodations">edit</a>]</div> In March 2020, Sony suspended production of the show due to the <a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. In August 2020, taping resumed with new safety measures. These new episodes began airing September 14, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-118">[113]</a> When production began again after shutting down, new episodes taped without studio audiences with only essential staff and crew allowed onstage.<a href="#cite_note-Deadline-119">[114]</a> At tapings during that time, <a href="/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment" title="Personal protective equipment">personal protective equipment</a> was provided to everyone off-camera and behind the scenes.<a href="#cite_note-Deadline-119">[114]</a> All staff and crew underwent testing on a regular basis, while contestants were tested before they stepped onto the set.<a href="#cite_note-Deadline-119">[114]</a> Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Social_distancing" title="Social distancing">social distancing measures</a> were enforced both on the set and off stage, and Sajak's and the players' podiums were widened to allow for greater physical distance between contestants during gameplay. Contestants spun the wheel with a white flat <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar" title="Bicycle handlebar">bicycle handlebar</a> grip to fit over the wheel's pegs so they did not have to touch the wheel directly, and no longer handed lost prizes back to the host, instead placing them in a receptacle behind their podium.<a href="#cite_note-120">[115]</a> In July 2022, the show's producers announced that live studios in-person audiences would return for season 40.<a href="#cite_note-121">[116]</a> At the start of season 40, most other COVID era protocols had also been lifted, with the contestants standing closer together, no longer using the grips to spin the wheel, and Sajak walking up and down the podium to shake hands/hug contestants at the end of the game. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Thicke" title="Alan Thicke">Alan Thicke</a> composed the show's original theme, which was titled "Big Wheels". In 1983, it was replaced by Griffin's own composition, "Changing Keys",<a href="#cite_note-122">[117]</a> to allow him to derive royalties from that composition's use on both the network and syndicated versions. Steve Kaplan became music director starting in 1997, and continued to serve as such until he was killed when the <a href="/wiki/Cessna_421" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessna 421">Cessna 421C Golden Eagle</a> he was piloting crashed into a home in <a href="/wiki/Claremont,_California" title="Claremont, California">Claremont, California</a>, in December 2003.<a href="#cite_note-123">[118]</a> His initial theme was a remix of "Changing Keys", but by 2000, he replaced it with a composition of his own, which was titled "Happy Wheels".<a href="#cite_note-Wheel_of_Fortune_soundtrack-124">[119]</a> Since 2006, music direction has been handled by Frankie Blue and John Hoke.<a href="#cite_note-credits-125">[120]</a> Themes they have written for the show include a remix of "Happy Wheels" and an original rock-based composition.<a href="#cite_note-Wheel_of_Fortune_soundtrack-124">[119]</a> A rearranged version of "Changing Keys" composed by Hoke and performed by <a href="/wiki/Bleeding_Fingers_Music" title="Bleeding Fingers Music">Bleeding Fingers Music</a> has been used as the main theme music starting in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-126">[121]</a> In addition to "Changing Keys", Griffin also composed various incidental music cues for the syndicated version which were used for announcements of prizes in the show's early years. Among them were "Frisco Disco" (earlier the closing theme for a revival of Jeopardy! which aired in 1978 and 1979),<a href="#cite_note-127">[122]</a> "A Time for Tony" (whose basic melody evolved into "Think!", the longtime theme song for Jeopardy!),<a href="#cite_note-128">[123]</a> "Buzzword" (later used as the theme for <a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin%27s_Crosswords" title="Merv Griffin's Crosswords">Merv Griffin's Crosswords</a>), "Nightwalk", "Struttin' on Sunset", and an untitled vacation cue.<a href="#cite_note-Wheel_of_Fortune_soundtrack-124">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audition_process">Audition process</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Audition process">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A yellow Winnebago recreational vehicle. Visible on its body is the text "Wheel of Fortune, America's game", as well as photos of Pat Sajak and Vanna White" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg/220px-Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg/330px-Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/be/Wheel_of_Fortune%27s_Wheelmobile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption>The most recent design of the Wheelmobile at the <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Rancheria_Casino_Resort" title="Jackson Rancheria Casino Resort">Jackson Rancheria Casino Resort</a> near <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_California" title="Jackson, California">Jackson, California</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_of_Fortune,_Morongo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Marty Lublin interviewing a woman on a small stage. Three other women and a roulette-style wheel are also visible on the stage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg/220px-Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg/330px-Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg/440px-Wheel_of_Fortune%2C_Morongo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption>Marty Lublin interviews a potential contestant during an audition at <a href="/wiki/Morongo_Casino,_Resort_%26_Spa" title="Morongo Casino, Resort & Spa">Morongo Casino, Resort & Spa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabazon,_California" title="Cabazon, California">Cabazon, California</a>.</figcaption></figure> Anyone at least 18 years old has the potential to become a contestant through Wheel of Fortune's audition process. Exceptions include employees and immediate family members of <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a>, Sony Pictures Entertainment, or any of their respective affiliates or subsidiaries; any firm involved in supplying prizes for the show; and television stations that broadcast Wheel and/or Jeopardy!, their sister radio stations or newspapers (if any), and those advertising agencies that are affiliated with them. Also ineligible to apply as contestants are individuals who have appeared on a different game show within the previous year, three other game shows within the past ten years, or on any version of Wheel of Fortune itself, including the 1997–98 children's version, <a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[124]</a> Throughout the year, the show uses a custom-designed <a href="/wiki/Winnebago_Industries" title="Winnebago Industries">Winnebago</a> recreational vehicle called the "Wheelmobile" to travel across the United States, holding open auditions at various public venues. Participants are provided with entry forms which are then drawn randomly. Individuals whose names are drawn appear on stage, five at a time, and are interviewed by traveling host Marty Lublin. The group of five then plays a mock version of the speed-up round, and five more names are selected after a puzzle is solved. Everyone who is called onstage receives a themed prize, usually determined by the spin of a miniature wheel. Auditions typically last two days, with three one-hour segments per day.<a href="#cite_note-130">[125]</a> After each Wheelmobile event, the "most promising candidates" are invited back to the city in which the first audition was held, to participate in a second audition. Alternatively, a participant may submit an audition form with a self-shot video through the show's website to enter an audition. Contestants not appearing on stage at Wheelmobile events have their applications retained and get drawn at random to fill second-level audition vacancies. At the second audition, potential contestants play more mock games featuring a miniature wheel and puzzle board, followed by a 16-puzzle test with some letters revealed. The contestants have five minutes to solve as many puzzles as they can by writing in the correct letters. The people who pass continue the audition, playing more mock games which are followed by interviews.<a href="#cite_note-131">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[127]</a> Since the show's hiatus due to COVID-19 ended, all auditions have been conducted online.<a href="#cite_note-133">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Broadcast_history">Broadcast history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Broadcast history">edit</a>]</div> Wheel of Fortune premiered on January 6, 1975, at 10:30 am (9:30 Central) on <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lin_Bolen" title="Lin Bolen">Lin Bolen</a>, then the head of daytime programming, purchased the show from Griffin to compensate him for canceling the original Jeopardy! series, which had one year remaining on its contract. Jeopardy! aired its final episode on the Friday before Wheel's premiere. The original Wheel aired on NBC, in varying time slots between 10:30 am and noon, until June 30, 1989. Throughout that version's run, episodes were generally 30 minutes in length, except for six weeks of shows aired between December 1975 and January 1976 which were 60 minutes in length. NBC announced the cancellation of the show in August 1980, but it stayed on the air following a decision to cut the duration of <a href="/wiki/The_David_Letterman_Show" title="The David Letterman Show">The David Letterman Show</a> from 90 to 60 minutes.<a href="#cite_note-randy-83">[78]</a> The network Wheel moved to CBS on July 17, 1989, and remained there until January 11, 1991.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> After that, it briefly returned to NBC, replacing <a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Make_a_Deal" title="Let's Make a Deal">Let's Make a Deal</a>,<a href="#cite_note-134">[129]</a> but was canceled permanently on September 20 of that year.<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> The daily syndicated nighttime version of Wheel premiered on September 19, 1983. From its debut, the syndicated version offered a larger prize budget than its network counterpart.<a href="#cite_note-independent-52">[47]</a> The show came from humble beginnings: King World chairmen <a href="/wiki/Roger_King_(producer)" title="Roger King (producer)">Roger</a>, Michael, and Robert King could initially find only 50 stations that were willing to carry the show, and since they could not find affiliates for the syndicated Wheel in New York, Los Angeles, or Chicago, Philadelphia was the largest market in which the show could succeed in its early days. Only nine stations carried the show from its beginning,<a href="#cite_note-135">[130]</a> but by midseason it was airing on all 50 of the stations that were initially willing to carry it, and by the beginning of 1984 the show was available to 99 percent of television households. Soon, Wheel succeeded <a href="/wiki/Family_Feud" title="Family Feud">Family Feud</a> as the highest-rated syndicated show,<a href="#cite_note-eotvgs-9">[7]</a> and at the beginning of the 1984–85 season, Griffin followed up on the show's success by launching a syndicated revival of Jeopardy!, hosted by <a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Alex Trebek</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[131]</a> The syndicated success of Wheel and Jeopardy! siphoned ratings from the period's three longest-running and most popular game shows, <a href="/wiki/Tic-Tac-Dough" title="Tic-Tac-Dough">Tic-Tac-Dough</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Joker%27s_Wild" title="The Joker's Wild">The Joker's Wild</a>, and Family Feud, to the point that all three series came to an end by the fall of 1986. At this point, Wheel had the highest ratings of any syndicated television series in history,<a href="#cite_note-independent-52">[47]</a> and at the peak of the show's popularity, over 40 million people were watching five nights per week. The series, along with companion series Jeopardy!, remained the most-watched syndicated program in the United States until dethroned by <a href="/wiki/Judge_Judy" title="Judge Judy">Judge Judy</a> in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-137">[132]</a> The program has become America's longest-running syndicated game show and its second-longest in either network or syndication, second to the version of <a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> which began airing in 1972. In 1992, the show began airing on most of the <a href="/wiki/Owned-and-operated_television_stations_in_the_United_States" title="Owned-and-operated television stations in the United States">owned-and-operated stations</a> for <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, currently known as the <a href="/wiki/ABC_Owned_Television_Stations" title="ABC Owned Television Stations">ABC Owned Television Stations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[133]</a> By the end of 2012, the syndicated Wheel had been recognized by over 90 million Americans, and had awarded a total of over $200 million in cash and prizes to contestants.<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> In most <a href="/wiki/TV_market" class="mw-redirect" title="TV market">TV markets</a>, Wheel airs on the same station as <a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> with many affiliates airing the two shows back-to-back. Like Jeopardy!, Wheel airs internationally on the <a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Network" title="American Forces Network">American Forces Network</a> and Canada's <a href="/wiki/Yes_TV" title="Yes TV">Yes TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/CJON-DT" title="CJON-DT">NTV</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CHEK-DT" title="CHEK-DT">CHEK-DT</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[134]</a> The popularity of Wheel of Fortune has led it to become a <a href="/wiki/International_versions_of_Wheel_of_Fortune" title="International versions of Wheel of Fortune">worldwide franchise</a>, with over forty known adaptations in international markets outside the United States.<a href="#cite_note-funfacts-88">[83]</a> Versions of the show have existed in such countries as <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(Australian_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (Australian game show)">Australia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-140">[135]</a> <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda_a_Roda" class="extiw" title="pt:Roda a Roda">Brazil</a>,<a href="#cite_note-141">[136]</a> Czech Republic, <a href="/wiki/Lykkehjulet_(Denmark)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lykkehjulet (Denmark)">Denmark</a>,<a href="#cite_note-142">[137]</a> <a href="/wiki/La_Roue_de_la_fortune" title="La Roue de la fortune">France</a>,<a href="#cite_note-143">[138]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%BCcksrad_(Spielshow)#Deutsche_Adaption_als_„Glücksrad“" class="extiw" title="de:Glücksrad (Spielshow)">Germany</a>,<a href="#cite_note-144">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/La_Ruota_Della_Fortuna" title="La Ruota Della Fortuna">Italy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-145">[140]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roda_Impian_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roda Impian (Malaysia)">Malaysia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-146">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(New_Zealand_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (New Zealand game show)">New Zealand</a>,<a href="#cite_note-147">[142]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(Philippine_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (Philippine game show)">the Philippines</a>,<a href="#cite_note-148">[143]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82o_Fortuny" class="mw-redirect" title="Koło Fortuny">Poland</a>,<a href="#cite_note-149">[144]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pole_Chudes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pole Chudes">Russia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-150">[145]</a> <a href="/wiki/La_ruleta_de_la_fortuna" title="La ruleta de la fortuna">Spain</a>,<a href="#cite_note-151">[146]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(British_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (British game show)">United Kingdom</a>, and <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFc_n%C3%B3n_k%E1%BB%B3_di%E1%BB%87u" class="extiw" title="vi:Chiếc nón kỳ diệu">Vietnam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[147]</a> The American version of Wheel has honored its international variants with an occasional theme of special weeks known as "Wheel Around the World", the inaugural episode of which aired when the 23rd syndicated season premiered on September 12, 2005.<a href="#cite_note-153">[148]</a> Between September 1997 and January 1998, CBS and <a href="/wiki/Game_Show_Network" title="Game Show Network">Game Show Network</a> concurrently aired a special children's version of the show titled <a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a>. It was hosted by David Sidoni, with <a href="/wiki/Tanika_Ray" title="Tanika Ray">Tanika Ray</a> providing voice and <a href="/wiki/Motion_capture" title="Motion capture">motion capture</a> for a <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">CGI</a> hostess named "Cyber Lucy".<a href="#cite_note-newsbank-154">[149]</a> Created by Scott Sternberg,<a href="#cite_note-newsbank-154">[149]</a> the spin-off featured special gameplay in which numerous rules were changed. For example, the show's child contestants competed for points and prizes instead of cash, with the eventual winner playing for a grand prize in the bonus round.<a href="#cite_note-155">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celebrity_Wheel_of_Fortune">Celebrity Wheel of Fortune</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Celebrity Wheel of Fortune">edit</a>]</div> In November 2020, ABC ordered a prime time spin-off show, Celebrity Wheel of Fortune, with Sajak and White as hosts and initially with Richards as executive producer,<a href="#cite_note-156">[151]</a> which premiered on January 7, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-157">[152]</a> Each hour-long episode consists of two complete games; in addition to tossups and the bonus round, the first game has three regular rounds, while the second has at least three regular rounds, with the last round a speed-up round. Scores are reset between games, and celebrities' charities are guaranteed a minimum of $30,000. Game play proceeds as in regular games with three notable changes. First, a bonus cash prize is awarded in every regular round: $5,000 in Round 1, $10,000 in Round 2, and $20,000 in Round 3 (and subsequent rounds in the second game). Second, there are four Million Dollar Wedges that occupy a full space (on the regular version, it occupies the central third of a space with the other two thirds as Bankrupt spaces, as akin to the $10,000 space in the past); if a player lands on one when they already hold one, it counts as a $1,000 space. Third, the bonus round features four $100,000 spaces, and a minimum of $25,000; a Million Dollar Wedge replaces one of the four $100,000 spaces with a $1,000,000 space. Original airings of the show feature giveaways to home viewers in certain rounds, most notably $10,000 in the second round of each game and a vacation package in the third round of the first game starting in the third season. In May 2021, ABC renewed Celebrity Wheel of Fortune for a second season,<a href="#cite_note-158">[153]</a> which premiered on September 26, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-159">[154]</a> In May 2022, ABC renewed Celebrity Wheel of Fortune for a third season,<a href="#cite_note-160">[155]</a> which premiered on September 25, 2022.<a href="#cite_note-161">[156]</a> In May 2023, ABC renewed Celebrity Wheel of Fortune for a fourth season, which premiered on September 27, 2023<a href="#cite_note-162">[157]</a> by which point Blackstone had taken over as executive producer.<a href="#cite_note-163">[158]</a> In July 2023, White had signed a new deal to return as hostess of the show.<a href="#cite_note-164">[159]</a> In May 2024, ABC renewed the series for a fifth season, which will premiere in 2025, with Sajak returning for one final season following his retirement from hosting the regular version back in June of the same year.<a href="#cite_note-165">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> Wheel of Fortune has long been one of the highest-rated programs on U.S. syndicated television. It was the highest-rated show in all of syndication before it was dethroned by <a href="/wiki/Two_and_a_Half_Men" title="Two and a Half Men">Two and a Half Men</a> in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-168">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[164]</a> The syndicated Wheel shared the <a href="/wiki/Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game/Audience_Participation_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game/Audience Participation Show">Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game/Audience Participation Show</a> with Jeopardy! in 2011, and Sajak won three <a href="/wiki/Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game_Show_Host" title="Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host">Daytime Emmys for Outstanding Game Show Host</a>—in 1993, 1997, and 1998. In a 2001 issue, <a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a> ranked Wheel number 25 among the 50 Greatest Game Shows of All Time,<a href="#cite_note-170">[165]</a> and in 2013, the magazine ranked it number 2 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever, second only to Jeopardy!<a href="#cite_note-TVGuide-5">[3]</a> In August 2006, the show was ranked number 6 on <a href="/wiki/Game_Show_Network" title="Game Show Network">GSN</a>'s list of the 50 Greatest Game Shows.<a href="#cite_note-171">[166]</a> Wheel was the subject of many nominations in GSN's Game Show Awards special, which aired on June 6, 2009.<a href="#cite_note-172">[167]</a> The show was nominated for Best Game Show, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Are_You_Smarter_than_a_5th_Grader%3F_(American_game_show)" title="Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (American game show)">Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?</a>. Sajak and White were nominated for Best Game Show Host, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Deal_or_No_Deal_(American_game_show)" title="Deal or No Deal (American game show)">Deal or No Deal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Howie_Mandel" title="Howie Mandel">Howie Mandel</a>; and O'Donnell was considered for Best Announcer but lost to <a href="/wiki/Rich_Fields" title="Rich Fields">Rich Fields</a> from The Price Is Right (Fields later was a Wheel substitute announcer after O'Donnell's death). One of the <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrases</a> uttered by contestants, "I'd like to buy a vowel", was considered for Favorite Game Show Catch Phrase, but lost to "Come on down!", the announcer's catchphrase welcoming new contestants to Price. The sound effect heard at the start of a new regular gameplay round won the award for Favorite Game Show Sound Effect. The sound heard when the wheel lands on Bankrupt, known as the "slide whistle", was also nominated. Despite having been retired from the show for nearly a decade by that point, "Changing Keys" was nominated for Best Game Show Theme Song. However, it lost to its fellow Griffin composition, "Think!" from Jeopardy!<a href="#cite_note-173">[168]</a> A hall of fame honoring Wheel of Fortune is part of the Sony Pictures Studios tour, and was introduced on the episode aired May 10, 2010.<a href="#cite_note-174">[169]</a> Located in the same stage as the show's taping facility, this hall of fame features memorabilia related to Wheel's syndicated history, including retired props, classic merchandise, photographs, videos, and a special case dedicated to White's wardrobe.<a href="#cite_note-175">[170]</a> Two years later, in 2012, the show was honored with a <a href="/wiki/Ride_of_Fame" title="Ride of Fame">Ride of Fame</a> on a double-decker tour bus in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-176">[171]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Merchandise">Merchandise</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Merchandise">edit</a>]</div> Numerous board games based on Wheel of Fortune have been released by different toy companies. The games are all similar, incorporating a wheel, puzzle display board, play money and various accessories like Free Spin tokens. <a href="/wiki/Milton_Bradley" title="Milton Bradley">Milton Bradley</a> released the first board game in 1975. In addition to all the supplies mentioned above, the game included 20 prize cards to simulate the "shopping" prizes of the show, with prizes ranging in value from $100 to $3,000. Two editions were released, with the only differences being the box art and the included books of puzzles. Other home versions were released by <a href="/wiki/Pressman_Toy_Corporation" title="Pressman Toy Corporation">Pressman Toy Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyco_Toys" title="Tyco Toys">Tyco</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mattel" title="Mattel">Mattel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parker_Brothers" title="Parker Brothers">Parker Brothers</a>, Endless Games, and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Toys" class="mw-redirect" title="Irwin Toys">Irwin Toys</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[172]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg/220px-Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg/330px-Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg/440px-Wheel_of_Fortune_Live_in_Fort_Lauderdale%2C_Florida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Wheel of Fortune Live! in Fort Lauderdale, Florida</figcaption></figure> Additionally, several <a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_video_games" title="Wheel of Fortune video games">video games</a> based on the show have been released for <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>, and various gaming consoles spanning multiple <a href="/wiki/History_of_video_games" title="History of video games">hardware generations</a>. Most games released in the 20th century were published by <a href="/wiki/GameTek" title="GameTek">GameTek</a>, which produced a dozen Wheel games on various platforms, starting with a <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a> game released in 1987 and continuing until the company closed in 1998 after filing for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11_bankruptcy_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection">Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[173]</a> Subsequent games were published by <a href="/wiki/Hasbro_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasbro Interactive">Hasbro Interactive</a> and its acquirer <a href="/wiki/Infogrames_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Infogrames Entertainment">Infogrames</a>/<a href="/wiki/Atari,_Inc._(1993%E2%80%93present)" title="Atari, Inc. (1993–present)">Atari</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sony_Online_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Online Entertainment">Sony Online Entertainment</a>, <a href="/wiki/THQ" title="THQ">THQ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ubisoft" title="Ubisoft">Ubisoft</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[174]</a> In 1996, gaming company <a href="/wiki/International_Game_Technology_(1975%E2%80%932015)" title="International Game Technology (1975–2015)">International Game Technology</a> (IGT) first licensed Wheel for a line of <a href="/wiki/Slot_machine" title="Slot machine">slot machines</a> based on the show; it later became one of the company's longest-running and most popular lines of slot machines..<a href="#cite_note-180">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[176]</a> In May 2022, a touring staged production show, Wheel of Fortune Live!, was announced, with an initial run of over 60 dates from September to December 2022. The show is produced by Right Angle Entertainment in partnership with Sony and <a href="/wiki/United_Talent_Agency" title="United Talent Agency">United Talent Agency</a>. Similar to <a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right_Live!" title="The Price Is Right Live!">The Price Is Right Live!</a>, the touring version features alternate hosts, which have included past daytime host Bob Goen, but not Sajak, Seacrest, or White.<a href="#cite_note-182">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> As Sony Pictures Television Studios from 2020 to 2023 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> The simplified title was often used by former host Pat Sajak on-air and has been used instead of the full title in numerous promotional materials for the show. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> If a contestant cannot spin the wheel due to a physical limitation or disability, they are accompanied by a "designated spinner", a friend or family member who spins for them but is otherwise not involved in the game.<a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Sajak made this move after being promoted to consulting producer, as he objected to the idea of the host's actions having a direct impact on the outcome of a game.<a href="#cite_note-youtube_final_spin-16">[13]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> The jackpot wedge was originally in round 3,<a href="#cite_note-34">[30]</a> was moved to round two at the start of the in 2000,<a href="#cite_note-Season_18_Premiere-28">[24]</a> and after that moved to round one from 2009 to 2013.<a href="#cite_note-35">[31]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Friedman-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Friedman_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Friedman_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Friedman_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1">"Harry Friedman Named Producer of 'Wheel of Fortune'" (Press release). PR Newswire. June 14, 1995 – via HighBeam Research.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Harry+Friedman+Named+Producer+of+%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27&rft.pub=PR+Newswire&rft.date=1995-06-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvguide.com/news/wheel-fortune-ups-16275/">"'Wheel of Fortune' Ups Bonus Round Jackpot to $1M"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a>. Retrieved August 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV+Guide&rft.atitle=%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+Ups+Bonus+Round+Jackpot+to+%241M&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvguide.com%2Fnews%2Fwheel-fortune-ups-16275%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TVGuide-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TVGuide_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TVGuide_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFretts2013" class="citation news cs1">Fretts, Bruce (June 17, 2013). "Eyes on the Prize". TV Guide. pp. 14–15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV+Guide&rft.atitle=Eyes+on+the+Prize&rft.pages=14-15&rft.date=2013-06-17&rft.aulast=Fretts&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmXXIYR9qUc">Season Premiere Tomorrow! Wheel of Fortune</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGriffinBender2007">Griffin & Bender 2007</a>, p. 100 </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli2016" class="citation web cs1">Ali, Rasha (June 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thewrap.com/watch-wheel-of-fortune-unveil-a-new-puzzle-format-crossword-pat-sajak-video/">"Watch 'Wheel of Fortune' Unveil a New Puzzle Format"</a>. The Wrap. 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Season 33. May 31, 2016. Syndication.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+33&rft.date=2016-05-31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-horace-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-horace_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horace_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horace_12-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horace_12-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horace_12-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFNewcomb2004">Newcomb 2004</a>, p. 2527 </li> <li id="cite_note-renewedto2024-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-renewedto2024_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-renewedto2024_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-renewedto2024_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-renewedto2024_13-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2021" class="citation web cs1">Schneider, Michael (September 8, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/tv/news/pat-sajak-and-vanna-white-to-stay-on-e2-80-98wheel-of-fortune-e2-80-99-through-2024-sajak-named-consulting-producer/ar-AAOeyrS">"Pat Sajak and Vanna White to Stay on 'Wheel of Fortune' Through 2024; Sajak Named Consulting Producer"</a>. Variety. Retrieved September 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Pat+Sajak+and+Vanna+White+to+Stay+on+%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+Through+2024%3B+Sajak+Named+Consulting+Producer&rft.date=2021-09-08&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fpat-sajak-and-vanna-white-to-stay-on-e2-80-98wheel-of-fortune-e2-80-99-through-2024-sajak-named-consulting-producer%2Far-AAOeyrS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wheeloffortunelive.com/rules">"Rules"</a>. Wheel of Fortune Live. Retrieved April 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wheel+of+Fortune+Live&rft.atitle=Rules&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wheeloffortunelive.com%2Frules&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbspressexpress.com/cbs-television-distribution/shows/wheel-of-fortune/about">"'Wheel of Fortune': About the Show"</a>. CBS Press Express. 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September 13, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/kaUY8Yzk3WQ">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved September 13, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.atitle=No+More+Final+Spin+for+Pat%21+%F0%9F%98%B1&rft.date=2021-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DkaUY8Yzk3WQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">Wheel of Fortune. Season 33. May 25, 2016. Syndication.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+33&rft.date=2016-05-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080928051503/http://www.wheeloffortune.com/announcements/?article=18">"COMING THIS FALL ON WHEEL OF FORTUNE ONE SPIN ONE SOLVE ONE MILLION DOLLARS"</a>. wheeloffortune.com. July 7, 2008. 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September 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Silver+Spring+math+teacher%2C+Sarah+Manchester%2C+wins+%241+million+on+%27Wheel+Of+Fortune%27&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=WJLA-TV&rft.date=2014-09-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwjla.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fsilver-spring-teacher-competes-on-wheel-of-fortune--107246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Melissa Joan Hart, Tituss Burgess, and Lacey Chabert". Celebrity Wheel of Fortune (2021). Season 2. Episode 4. October 17, 2021. ABC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celebrity+Wheel+of+Fortune+%282021%29&rft.series=Season+2.+Episode+4&rft.date=2021-10-17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Celebrating 30, Episode 4". Wheel of Fortune. Season 30. Episode 5834. May 30, 2013. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+30.+Episode+5834&rft.date=2013-05-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> Closing credits: "Contestants are advised prior to taping that they may elect to receive the million dollar prize paid over 20 years or as a present value lump sum payment." </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSamsShook1987">Sams & Shook 1987</a>, p. 41 </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKubasik1987" class="citation news cs1">Kubasik, Ben (September 26, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/277825104">"TV Spots"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Newsday" title="Newsday">Newsday</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/277825104">277825104</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726020623/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/doc/277825104.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2014. 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Retrieved May 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+Kills+Free+Spin%3A+Is+Nothing+Sacred%3F&rft.date=2009-09-09&rft.aulast=Poniewozik&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.time.com%2F2009%2F09%2F09%2Fwheel-of-fortune-kills-free-spin-is-nothing-sacred%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Episode 2546". Wheel of Fortune. Season 14. October 22, 2001. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+14&rft.date=2001-10-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Season 14, Episode 11". Wheel of Fortune. Season 14. September 16, 1996. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+14&rft.date=1996-09-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Season 27, Episode 1". Wheel of Fortune. Season 27. September 14, 2009. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+27&rft.date=2009-09-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-season_7-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-season_7_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-season_7_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Season 7, Episode 1". Wheel of Fortune. Season 7. September 4, 1989. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+7&rft.date=1989-09-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Season 16, Episode 15". Wheel of Fortune. Season 16. September 21, 1998. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+16&rft.date=1998-09-21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="WoFWWE" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wheeloffortune.com/win/wwe-week">"Wheel of Fortune WrestleMania Giveaway"</a>. Wheel of Fortune. Sony Pictures Television. Retrieved March 22, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.atitle=Wheel+of+Fortune+WrestleMania+Giveaway&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wheeloffortune.com%2Fwin%2Fwwe-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"April 7, 1978". Wheel of Fortune. April 7, 1978. NBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.date=1978-04-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/597418019/">"Super Wheel bonus round"</a>. Kenosha News. March 8, 1980. p. 11. Retrieved March 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kenosha+News&rft.atitle=Super+Wheel+bonus+round&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1980-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F597418019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSamsShook1987">Sams & Shook 1987</a>, pp. 40–41 </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Episode 996". Wheel of Fortune. Season 6. October 3, 1988. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+6&rft.date=1988-10-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Desert Southwest Week, Episode 1". Wheel of Fortune. Season 19. September 3, 2001. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+19&rft.date=2001-09-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Big Money Week, Episode 1". Wheel of Fortune. Season 19. October 22, 2001. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+19&rft.date=2001-10-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ninetynine-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ninetynine_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ninetynine_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ninetynine_46-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFGriffinBender2007">Griffin & Bender 2007</a>, pp. 99–100 </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/420699286">"Meet the 'Wheel'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago Tribune">The Chicago Tribune</a>. March 6, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/420699286">420699286</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726014645/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/doc/420699286.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Meet+the+%27Wheel%27&rft.date=2008-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F420699286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Graham_&_Jefferson-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Graham_&_Jefferson_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Graham_&_Jefferson_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGraham1988">Graham 1988</a>, p. 183 </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrnes1996" class="citation book cs1">Byrnes, Edward (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eddbyrneskookien0000byrn/page/194/mode/1up?q=wheel">Edd Byrnes "Kookie" no more</a>. New York : Barricade Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56980-092-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56980-092-8"><bdi>978-1-56980-092-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved November 24, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edd+Byrnes+%22Kookie%22+no+more&rft.pub=New+York+%3A+Barricade+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-56980-092-8&rft.aulast=Byrnes&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feddbyrneskookien0000byrn%2Fpage%2F194%2Fmode%2F1up%3Fq%3Dwheel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStafford2011">Stafford 2011</a>, p. 194 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTrebekBarsocchini1990">Trebek & Barsocchini 1990</a>, p. 9 </li> <li id="cite_note-independent-52">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent_52-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_52-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_52-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerry1986" class="citation news cs1">Terry, Clifford (May 23, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WegLAAAAIBAJ&pg=6784,2562415&dq=wheel-of-fortune+pat-sajak&hl=en">"'Wheel of Fortune' long ago spun its way to the top"</a>. St. Petersburg Evening-Independent. p. 5B. Retrieved November 5, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Petersburg+Evening-Independent&rft.atitle=%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+long+ago+spun+its+way+to+the+top&rft.pages=5B&rft.date=1986-05-23&rft.aulast=Terry&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DWegLAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6784%2C2562415%26dq%3Dwheel-of-fortune%2Bpat-sajak%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGriffinBender2007">Griffin & Bender 2007</a>, p. 101 </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/795088502/">"Sports update"</a>. Birmingham Post Herald. October 7, 1988. pp. B4. Retrieved March 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birmingham+Post+Herald&rft.atitle=Sports+update&rft.pages=B4&rft.date=1988-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F795088502%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"No title". Weekly Variety: 80. September 7, 1977.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weekly+Variety&rft.atitle=No+title&rft.pages=80&rft.date=1977-09-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=i-dIAAAAIBAJ&pg=2732,3013046&dq=cynthia-washington+wheel-of-fortune&hl=en">"2 to substitute for Susan Stafford"</a>. Youngstown Vindicator. May 22, 1979. Retrieved August 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Youngstown+Vindicator&rft.atitle=2+to+substitute+for+Susan+Stafford&rft.date=1979-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Di-dIAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2732%2C3013046%26dq%3Dcynthia-washington%2Bwheel-of-fortune%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-white-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-white_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-white_57-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biography.com/people/vanna-white-9542236">"Vanna White biography"</a>. Biography.com. Retrieved December 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biography.com&rft.atitle=Vanna+White+biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fpeople%2Fvanna-white-9542236&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=WORB&p_theme=worb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=11B06117C0334118&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"No title"</a>. Observer-Reporter. August 14, 2007. Retrieved August 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Observer-Reporter&rft.atitle=No+title&rft.date=2007-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DWORB%26p_theme%3Dworb%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D11B06117C0334118%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Vanna White Celebrates 30 Years on "Wheel of Fortune"". <a href="/wiki/Katie_(talk_show)" title="Katie (talk show)">Katie</a>. April 30, 2013. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Katie&rft.date=2013-04-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene1986" class="citation news cs1">Greene, Bob (January 8, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6fdNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1174,3907250&dq=vanna-white&hl=en">"Here comes Vanna White"</a>. The Free-Lance Star. Retrieved June 26, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Free-Lance+Star&rft.atitle=Here+comes+Vanna+White&rft.date=1986-01-08&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D6fdNAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1174%2C3907250%26dq%3Dvanna-white%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/189660952/">"Vanna White takes time off from 'Wheel of Fortune'"</a>. The Greenville News. June 1, 1986. p. 9. 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Retrieved September 4, 2007. <q>Viewers who pay careful attention to the closing credits on 'Wheel of Fortune' will see the game show is produced by Califon Productions, a subtle nod from Merv Griffin, the program's creator, to the Hunterdon County community where he once owned a farm.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star-Ledger&rft.atitle=To+Califon%2C+Merv+was+just+a+regular+farm+guy&rft.date=2007-08-14&rft.aulast=Holl&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.com%2Fprinter%2Fprinter.ssf%3F%2Fbase%2Fnews-7%2F1187067699306540.xml%26coll%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107112954/https://www.wheeloffortune.com/news-and-events?news=pat-vanna-and-alex-play-on">"Pat, Vanna and Alex Play On!"</a>. 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Broadcasting & Cable. September 5, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/489141-Syndication_Ratings_Judge_Judy_Is_Queen_of_Syndie_Season.php">the original</a> on December 4, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting+%26+Cable&rft.atitle=Syndication+Ratings%3A+%27Judge+Judy%27+Is+Queen+of+Syndie+Season&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadcastingcable.com%2Farticle%2F489141-Syndication_Ratings_Judge_Judy_Is_Queen_of_Syndie_Season.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLittleton2018" class="citation web cs1">Littleton, Cynthia (November 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/wheel-of-fortune-jeopardy-abc-fox-cbs-1203019794/#:~:targetText=%E2%80%9CWheel%E2%80%9D%20and%20%E2%80%9CJeopardy%E2%80%9D%20have%20aired%20on%20ABC%20O%26Os,to%20its%20own%20O%26O%20stations">"ABC Shells Out to Keep Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy After Big Offer From Fox"</a>. 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Retrieved December 10, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ABC+Shells+Out+to+Keep+Wheel+of+Fortune+and+Jeopardy+After+Big+Offer+From+Fox&rft.pub=Variety&rft.date=2018-11-05&rft.aulast=Littleton&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2018%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fwheel-of-fortune-jeopardy-abc-fox-cbs-1203019794%2F%23%3A~%3AtargetText%3D%25E2%2580%259CWheel%25E2%2580%259D%2520and%2520%25E2%2580%259CJeopardy%25E2%2580%259D%2520have%2520aired%2520on%2520ABC%2520O%2526Os%2Cto%2520its%2520own%2520O%2526O%2520stations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yestv.com/show/wheel-of-fortune/">"WHEEL OF FORTUNE – YES TV"</a>. yestv.com. Retrieved December 19, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=yestv.com&rft.atitle=WHEEL+OF+FORTUNE+%E2%80%93+YES+TV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyestv.com%2Fshow%2Fwheel-of-fortune%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.iinet.net.au/~powney/gameshow/wof.htm">"'Wheel of Fortune' (Australia)"</a>. Australian Game Show Homepage. Retrieved November 9, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+%28Australia%29&rft.pub=Australian+Game+Show+Homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.iinet.net.au%2F~powney%2Fgameshow%2Fwof.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sbt.com.br/rodaaroda/">"SBT – Roda a Roda Jequiti"</a>. Official SBT Website. 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Nordisk Forlag A/S. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-87-02-08311-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-87-02-08311-8"><bdi>978-87-02-08311-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Opfindelsen+af+Lykkehjulet&rft.btitle=Reklamens+%C3%A5rhundrede%3A+1901%E2%80%932001%2C+billeder+fra+danskernes+hverdrag&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Nordisk+Forlag+A%2FS&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-87-02-08311-8&rft.aulast=Liebst&rft.aufirst=Asger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110003838/http://tele.premiere.fr/La-Roue-de-la-fortune-1875286">"La Roue de la Fortune"</a> (in French). 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Routledge. pp. 29, 31, 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0203861653" title="Special:BookSources/978-0203861653"><bdi>978-0203861653</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Media%2C+Culture+and+Society+in+Malaysia&rft.pages=29%2C+31%2C+35&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0203861653&rft.au=Yeoh+Seng+Guan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/sunday-star-times/entertainment/more-entertainment-stories/363305/What-goes-around-the-Wheel-of-Fortune-returns">"What Goes Around: The Wheel of Fortune Returns"</a>. 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Retrieved June 9, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Title+Unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgsnextras.com%2Fawards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"State Fair Week, Episode 1". Wheel of Fortune. Season 27. May 10, 2010. Syndicated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.series=Season+27&rft.date=2010-05-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlaus2011" class="citation news cs1">Glaus, Heidi (November 10, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141003173542/http://origin.ksdk.com/news/article/285201/3/Tour-the-Wheel-of-Fortune-Hall-of-Fame">"Tour the 'Wheel of Fortune' Hall of Fame"</a>. St. Louis, MO: <a href="/wiki/KSDK-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KSDK-TV">KSDK-TV</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://origin.ksdk.com/news/article/285201/3/Tour-the-Wheel-of-Fortune-Hall-of-Fame">the original</a> on October 3, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tour+the+%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=2011-11-10&rft.aulast=Glaus&rft.aufirst=Heidi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forigin.ksdk.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F285201%2F3%2FTour-the-Wheel-of-Fortune-Hall-of-Fame&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/the-hosts-of-wheel-of-fortune-vanna-white-and-pat-sajak-are-news-photo/145209950">Wheel Of Fortune Honored By Gray Line New York's Ride Of Fame</a> Getty Images. 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Retrieved October 2, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=GameTek+Games&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Fcompanies%2Fgametek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobygames.com/game-group/wheel-of-fortune-licensees">"'Wheel of Fortune' Licensees"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MobyGames" title="MobyGames">MobyGames</a>. Retrieved October 2, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Wheel+of+Fortune%27+Licensees&rft.pub=MobyGames&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobygames.com%2Fgame-group%2Fwheel-of-fortune-licensees&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reviewjournal.com/business/casinos-gaming/iconic-wheel-of-fortune-still-top-slot-25-years-later-2414176/">"Iconic Wheel of Fortune still top slot 25 years later"</a>. Las Vegas Review-Journal. August 5, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Las+Vegas+Review-Journal&rft.atitle=Iconic+Wheel+of+Fortune+still+top+slot+25+years+later&rft.date=2021-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reviewjournal.com%2Fbusiness%2Fcasinos-gaming%2Ficonic-wheel-of-fortune-still-top-slot-25-years-later-2414176%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdcgaming.com/g2e-igt-expands-wheel-of-fortune-to-video-poker-etg-games/">"G2E: IGT expands Wheel of Fortune to video poker, ETG games"</a>. CDC Gaming. Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CDC+Gaming&rft.atitle=G2E%3A+IGT+expands+Wheel+of+Fortune+to+video+poker%2C+ETG+games&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdcgaming.com%2Fg2e-igt-expands-wheel-of-fortune-to-video-poker-etg-games%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurton2022" class="citation web cs1">Burton, Carson (May 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/wheel-of-fortune-live-tour-1235264127/">"Wheel of Fortune Hits the Road with First-Ever Live Tour (EXCLUSIVE)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. Retrieved May 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Wheel+of+Fortune+Hits+the+Road+with+First-Ever+Live+Tour+%28EXCLUSIVE%29&rft.date=2022-05-17&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Carson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2022%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fwheel-of-fortune-live-tour-1235264127%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kutv.com/features/fresh-living/host-bob-goen-talks-wheel-of-fortune-live-show-in-salt-lake-city">"Host Bob Goen talks Wheel of Fortune Live! show in Salt Lake City"</a>. <a href="/wiki/KUTV" title="KUTV">KUTV.com</a>. November 29, 2023. Retrieved June 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KUTV.com&rft.atitle=Host+Bob+Goen+talks+Wheel+of+Fortune+Live%21+show+in+Salt+Lake+City&rft.date=2023-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkutv.com%2Ffeatures%2Ffresh-living%2Fhost-bob-goen-talks-wheel-of-fortune-live-show-in-salt-lake-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Works cited">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham1988" class="citation book cs1">Graham, Jefferson (1988). Come on Down!!!: The Game Show Book. New York: Abbeville Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89659-794-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89659-794-6"><bdi>0-89659-794-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Come+on+Down%21%21%21%3A+The+Game+Show+Book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Abbeville+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-89659-794-6&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Jefferson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffinBender2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Merv_Griffin" title="Merv Griffin">Griffin, Merv</a> & Bender, David (2007). Merv: Making the Good Life Last. New York: Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-5696-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-5696-8"><bdi>978-0-7434-5696-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merv%3A+Making+the+Good+Life+Last&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7434-5696-8&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=Merv&rft.au=Bender%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewcomb2004" class="citation book cs1">Newcomb, Horace (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CFXgj7a55agC&pg=PA2527">Encyclopedia of Television</a> (2nd ed.). New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57958-411-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57958-411-X"><bdi>1-57958-411-X</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Television&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-57958-411-X&rft.aulast=Newcomb&rft.aufirst=Horace&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCFXgj7a55agC%26pg%3DPA2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamsShook1987" class="citation book cs1">Sams, David R. & Shook, Robert L. (1987). Wheel of Fortune. New York: St. Martins Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-90833-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-90833-4"><bdi>0-312-90833-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wheel+of+Fortune&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martins+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-312-90833-4&rft.aulast=Sams&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft.au=Shook%2C+Robert+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartzRyanWostbrock1999" class="citation book cs1">Schwartz, David; Ryan, Steve & Wostbrock, Fred (1999). The Encyclopedia of TV Game Shows (3rd ed.). New York: Facts on File. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8160-3846-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8160-3846-5"><bdi>0-8160-3846-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+TV+Game+Shows&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8160-3846-5&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Ryan%2C+Steve&rft.au=Wostbrock%2C+Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStafford2011" class="citation book cs1">Stafford, Susan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kDCn3VKZ8uIC&pg=PA194">Stop the Wheel, I Want to Get Off!</a> (eBook). Xlibris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4568-7438-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4568-7438-4"><bdi>978-1-4568-7438-4</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stop+the+Wheel%2C+I+Want+to+Get+Off%21&rft.pub=Xlibris&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4568-7438-4&rft.aulast=Stafford&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkDCn3VKZ8uIC%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source</a>]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrebekBarsocchini1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Trebek, Alex</a> & Barsocchini, Peter (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/jeopardybookansw00treb">The 'Jeopardy!' Book: The Answers, the Questions, the Facts, and the Stories of the Greatest Game Show in History</a>. Introduction by Merv Griffin. New York: <a href="/wiki/Harper_Perennial" title="Harper Perennial">Harper Perennial</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-096511-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-096511-2"><bdi>978-0-06-096511-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%27Jeopardy%21%27+Book%3A+The+Answers%2C+the+Questions%2C+the+Facts%2C+and+the+Stories+of+the+Greatest+Game+Show+in+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-06-096511-2&rft.aulast=Trebek&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.au=Barsocchini%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjeopardybookansw00treb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWheel+of+Fortune+%28American+game+show%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wheel_of_Fortune_(American_game_show)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wheel_of_Fortune" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Template:Wheel of Fortune"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Template talk:Wheel of Fortune"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wheel_of_Fortune" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wheel of Fortune"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wheel_of_Fortune" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wheel of Fortune</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hosts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Sajak" title="Pat Sajak">Pat Sajak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanna_White" title="Vanna White">Vanna White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest" title="Ryan Seacrest">Ryan Seacrest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_versions_of_Wheel_of_Fortune" title="International versions of Wheel of Fortune">International versions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(Australian_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (Australian game show)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykkehjulet" title="Lykkehjulet">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Roue_de_la_fortune" title="La Roue de la fortune">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ruota_Della_Fortuna" title="La Ruota Della Fortuna">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roda_Impian" title="Roda Impian">Indonesia / Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(New_Zealand_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (New Zealand game show)">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(Philippine_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (Philippine game show)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82o_Fortuny" class="mw-redirect" title="Koło Fortuny">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_Chudes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pole Chudes">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_ruleta_de_la_fortuna" title="La ruleta de la fortuna">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_(British_game_show)" title="Wheel of Fortune (British game show)">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_ruleta_de_la_suerte_(Uruguayan_game_show)" title="La ruleta de la suerte (Uruguayan game show)">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_Fortune_video_games" title="Wheel of Fortune video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_2000" title="Wheel 2000">Wheel 2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Wheel_of_Fortune_(franchise)" title="Category:Wheel of Fortune (franchise)">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game_Show" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Daytime_Emmy_Award_Outstanding_Game_Show" title="Template:Daytime Emmy Award Outstanding Game Show"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Daytime_Emmy_Award_Outstanding_Game_Show" title="Template talk:Daytime Emmy Award Outstanding Game Show"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Daytime_Emmy_Award_Outstanding_Game_Show" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Daytime Emmy Award Outstanding Game Show"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game_Show" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daytime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game_Show" title="Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show">Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Password_(American_game_show)" title="Password (American game show)">Password</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Squares" title="Hollywood Squares">Hollywood Squares</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $20,000 Pyramid</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Feud" title="Family Feud">Family Feud</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Squares" title="Hollywood Squares">Hollywood Squares</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Squares" title="Hollywood Squares">Hollywood Squares</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Squares" title="Hollywood Squares">Hollywood Squares</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $20,000 Pyramid</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $20,000 Pyramid</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Password_Plus_and_Super_Password" title="Password Plus and Super Password">Password Plus</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(game_show)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid (game show)">The $25,000 Pyramid</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win_Ben_Stein%27s_Money" title="Win Ben Stein's Money">Win Ben Stein's Money</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who_Wants_to_Be_a_Millionaire%3F" title="Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?">Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who_Wants_to_Be_a_Millionaire%3F" title="Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?">Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cash_Cab_(American_game_show)" title="Cash Cab (American game show)">Cash Cab</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cash_Cab_(American_game_show)" title="Cash Cab (American game show)">Cash Cab</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cash_Cab_(American_game_show)" title="Cash Cab (American game show)">Cash Cab</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wheel of Fortune</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right" title="The Price Is Right">The Price Is Right</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Feud" title="Family Feud">Family Feud</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeopardy!" title="Jeopardy!">Jeopardy!</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><div>In 2023, the category was moved to the <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Awards</a> as <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Game_Show" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show">Outstanding Game Show</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567653#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567653#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567653#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/185917363">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1372135/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85039405">United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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series debuts">1983 American television series debuts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1990s_American_game_shows" title="Category:1990s American game shows">1990s American game shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1991_American_television_series_endings" title="Category:1991 American television series endings">1991 American television series endings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2000s_American_game_shows" title="Category:2000s American game shows">2000s American game shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010s_American_game_shows" title="Category:2010s American game shows">2010s American game shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2020s_American_game_shows" title="Category:2020s American game shows">2020s American game shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CBS_game_shows" title="Category:CBS game shows">CBS game shows</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culver_City,_California" title="Category:Culver City, California">Culver City, California</a></li><li><a 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Productions">Television series by King World Productions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_shows_adapted_into_video_games" title="Category:Television shows adapted into video games">Television shows adapted into video games</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_shows_presented_by_Chuck_Woolery" title="Category:Television shows presented by Chuck Woolery">Television shows presented by Chuck Woolery</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_shows_presented_by_Pat_Sajak" title="Category:Television shows presented by Pat Sajak">Television shows presented by Pat Sajak</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 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