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<li id="toc-Pre-history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Pre-history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancient_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ancient period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venetian,_Napoleonic_and_early_Habsburg_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venetian,_Napoleonic_and_early_Habsburg_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Venetian, Napoleonic and early Habsburg rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venetian,_Napoleonic_and_early_Habsburg_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Austrian_Littoral_province_and_union_with_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Austrian_Littoral_province_and_union_with_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Austrian Littoral province and union with Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Austrian_Littoral_province_and_union_with_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post–World_War_II_and_modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post–World_War_II_and_modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Post–World War II and modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post–World_War_II_and_modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography_and_climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_and_climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography and climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nearby_towns_and_villages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nearby_towns_and_villages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Nearby towns and villages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nearby_towns_and_villages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>General and cited references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Published_in_the_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Published_in_the_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Published in the 19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Published_in_the_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Published_in_the_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Published_in_the_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Published in the 20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Published_in_the_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pula</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9)" title="بولا (مدينة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بولا (مدينة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F)" title="Пула (Харватыя) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пула (Харватыя)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(lungsod)" title="Pula (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pula (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B1_(%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Πούλα (Κροατία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πούλα (Κροατία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Istria)" title="Pula (Istria) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pula (Istria)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Istria)" title="Pula (Istria) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pula (Istria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="پولا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پولا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula,_Croacia" title="Pula, Croacia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pula, Croacia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%92%80%EB%9D%BC_(%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%95%84%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%84)" title="풀라 (크로아티아) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="풀라 (크로아티아)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%A1" title="Պուլա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պուլա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C3%A6" title="Пулæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пулæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pola" title="Pola – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="פולה (עיר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולה (עיר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="პულა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პულა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietas_Iulia" title="Pietas Iulia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pietas Iulia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pola" title="Pola – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pola" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3la" title="Póla – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Póla" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="პულა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პულა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="پولا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="پولا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Kroati%C3%AB)" title="Pula (Kroatië) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pula (Kroatië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9_(%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A2%E3%83%81%E3%82%A2)" title="プーラ (クロアチア) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プーラ (クロアチア)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Xorvatiya)" title="Pula (Xorvatiya) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pula (Xorvatiya)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Cro%C3%A1cia)" title="Pula (Croácia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pula (Croácia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula,_Croa%C8%9Bia" title="Pula, Croația – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pula, Croația" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pola" title="Pola – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Pola" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Kroaci)" title="Pula (Kroaci) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pula (Kroaci)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulj" title="Pulj – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pulj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="پولا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پولا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пула – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пула" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7" title="پولا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پولا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82a" title="Poła – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Poła" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pul_(lidn,_Horvatii)" title="Pul (lidn, Horvatii) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pul (lidn, Horvatii)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula" title="Pula – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pula" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula_(Kroas%C3%A4n)" title="Pula (Kroasän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Pula (Kroasän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pula,_Istria" title="Pula, Istria – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pula, Istria" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89" title="普拉 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="普拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90" title="פולא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פולא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89" title="普拉 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="普拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89" title="普拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="普拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4656#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pula&params=44_52_13_N_13_50_44_E_region:HR-18_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°52′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°50′44″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.87028°N 13.84556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.87028; 13.84556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Istria County, Croatia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Pula_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Pula (disambiguation)">Pula (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Pola (Istria)" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Pola_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Pola (disambiguation)">Pola (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Istria County, Croatia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Pula</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Pola</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">Grad Pula</i></span> / <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Città di Pola</i></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:151px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_Aerial_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pula_Aerial_View.jpg/248px-Pula_Aerial_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pula_Aerial_View.jpg/372px-Pula_Aerial_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Pula_Aerial_View.jpg/496px-Pula_Aerial_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="912" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Pula Aerial View</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:62px;max-width:62px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Pula,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-17,_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg/60px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg/90px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg/120px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_65-67_HDR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3519" data-file-height="7156" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Pula_Cathedral" title="Pula Cathedral">Pula Cathedral</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:107px;max-width:107px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Templo_de_Augusto,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-17,_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg/105px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg/158px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg/210px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_71-73_HDR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4698" data-file-height="5477" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Augustus,_Pula" title="Temple of Augustus, Pula">Temple of Augustus</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_(Croatia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg/75px-Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg/113px-Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg/150px-Arch_of_the_Sergii_-_Pula_%28Croatia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2996" data-file-height="4919" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_the_Sergii" title="Arch of the Sergii">Arch of the Sergii</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div style="height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg/110px-Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg/165px-Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg/220px-Croatia_Pula_Town_Hall_BW_2014-10-11_12-00-09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3554" data-file-height="2455" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Town Hall</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div style="height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porta_gemini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Porta_gemini.jpg/134px-Porta_gemini.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Porta_gemini.jpg/201px-Porta_gemini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Porta_gemini.jpg/268px-Porta_gemini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="2604" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Porta_Gemina" title="Porta Gemina">Porta Gemina</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:140px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anfiteatro_de_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-17,_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg/248px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg/372px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg/496px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-17%2C_DD_13-18_HDR_PAN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7398" data-file-height="4184" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Pula_Arena" title="Pula Arena">Pula Arena</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zastava_Pule.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Pula"><img alt="Flag of Pula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Zastava_Pule.svg/120px-Zastava_Pule.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Zastava_Pule.svg/180px-Zastava_Pule.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Zastava_Pule.svg/240px-Zastava_Pule.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grb_Pule_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Pula"><img alt="Coat of arms of Pula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg/80px-Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg/120px-Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg/160px-Grb_Pule_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="604" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_3e04e9f21ba1b8906e223226c81d4227bb9a347d"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Pula&revid=1277381815&groups=_3e04e9f21ba1b8906e223226c81d4227bb9a347d" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Pula&revid=1277381815&groups=_3e04e9f21ba1b8906e223226c81d4227bb9a347d 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Pula in Croatia</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatia_relief_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula is located in Croatia"><img alt="Pula is located in Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Croatia_relief_map.png/250px-Croatia_relief_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Croatia_relief_map.png/375px-Croatia_relief_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Croatia_relief_map.png/500px-Croatia_relief_map.png 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="707" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.058%;left:10.964%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pula"><img alt="Pula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Pula</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Croatia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula is located in Europe"><img alt="Pula is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/375px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.024%;left:42.656%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pula"><img alt="Pula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Pula</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pula&params=44_52_13_N_13_50_44_E_region:HR-18_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°52′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">13°50′44″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.87028°N 13.84556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.87028; 13.84556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Croatia" title="Counties of Croatia">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/23px-Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/35px-Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/46px-Zastava_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Istria_County" title="Istria County">Istria County</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Filip Zoričić (<a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Ind.</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City Council</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>22 members<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;display:none;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Filip Zoričić NL</a> (4) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C3D746; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/We_Can!_(Croatia)" title="We Can! (Croatia)">M!</a> (4) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0CB14B; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Democratic_Assembly" title="Istrian Democratic Assembly">IDS</a> (4) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED1C24; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a> (3) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005BAA; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="Croatian Democratic Union">HDZ</a> (2) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> (5) </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">53.8 km<sup>2</sup> (20.8 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">41.59 km<sup>2</sup> (16.06 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">53.8 km<sup>2</sup> (20.8 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">30 m (100 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">52,220</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">970/km<sup>2</sup> (2,500/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">52,220</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">970/km<sup>2</sup> (2,500/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">HR-52 100</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Croatia" title="Telephone numbers in Croatia">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+385 52</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Croatia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Croatia">PU</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pula.hr">pula<wbr />.hr</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pula</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Croatian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">[pǔːla]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f4\/Hr-Pula.ogg\/Hr-Pula.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Hr-Pula.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/Hr-Pula.ogg/Hr-Pula.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Hr-Pula.ogg" title="File:Hr-Pula.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>), also known as <b>Pola</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈpɔːla]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Venetian_language" title="Venetian language">Venetian</a>: <i lang="vec">Pola</i>; <a href="/wiki/Istriot_language" title="Istriot language">Istriot</a>: <i lang="ist">Puola</i>; <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: <i lang="sl">Pulj</i>; <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i lang="hu">Póla</i>), is the largest city in <a href="/wiki/Istria_County" title="Istria County">Istria County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">seventh-largest city in the country</a>, situated at the southern tip of the <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istrian peninsula</a> in western Croatia, with a population of 52,220 in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is known for its multitude of ancient <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> buildings, the most famous of which is the <a href="/wiki/Pula_Arena" title="Pula Arena">Pula Arena</a>, one of the best preserved Roman <a href="/wiki/Amphitheaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphitheaters">amphitheaters</a>. The city has a long tradition of <a href="/wiki/Wine_making" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine making">wine making</a>, fishing, <a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">shipbuilding</a>, and tourism. It was the administrative centre of Istria from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Roman times</a> until superseded by <a href="/wiki/Pazin" title="Pazin">Pazin</a> in 1991. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-history">Pre-history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Pre-history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Evidence of the presence of <i><a href="/wiki/Homo_erectus" title="Homo erectus">Homo erectus</a></i> one million years ago has been found in the cave of Šandalja near Pula.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pottery from the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> period (6000–2000 BC), indicating <a href="/wiki/Colonization" title="Colonization">human settlement</a>, has been found around Pula. In the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> (1800–1000 BC), a new type of settlement appeared in Istria, called 'gradine', or hill-top fortifications.<sup id="cite_ref-archeology_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archeology-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many late Bronze Age bone objects, such as tools for smoothing and drilling, sewing needles, as well as spiral bronze pendants, have been found in the area around Pula.<sup id="cite_ref-Castellieri_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castellieri-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The type of materials found in Bronze Age sites in Istria connects these with sites along the Danube.<sup id="cite_ref-Castellieri_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castellieri-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inhabitants of Istria in the Bronze Age are known as Proto Illyrians.<sup id="cite_ref-Castellieri_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castellieri-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pottery_of_ancient_Greece" title="Pottery of ancient Greece">Greek pottery</a> and a part of a statue of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> have been found, attesting to the presence or influence of <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Greece" title="Culture of Greece">Greek culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShortHistory_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShortHistory-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greek tradition attributed the foundation of <i>Polai</i> to the <a href="/wiki/Colchis" title="Colchis">Colchians</a>, mentioned in the context of the story of <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>, who had stolen the <a href="/wiki/Golden_fleece" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden fleece">golden fleece</a>. The Colchians, who had chased Jason into the northern Adriatic, were unable to catch him and ended up settling in a place they called <i>Polai</i>, signifying "city of refuge".<sup id="cite_ref-Jason_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jason-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_period">Ancient period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg/220px-Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg/330px-Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg/440px-Pola_Anfiteatro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Pula Arena in 1728</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg/220px-Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg/330px-Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg/440px-Portageminapolacroatia01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="803" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Porta_Gemina" title="Porta Gemina">Porta Gemina</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In classical antiquity, it was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Histri" title="Histri">Histri</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Histri_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histri-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Venetic_language" title="Venetic language">Venetic</a> or <a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Illyria" title="List of ancient tribes in Illyria">Illyrian tribe</a>. <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomponius_Mela" title="Pomponius Mela">Pomponius Mela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lycophron" title="Lycophron">Lycophron</a> wrote that it was inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Colchians" class="mw-redirect" title="Colchians">Colchians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istrian peninsula</a> was conquered by the Romans in 177 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-Histri_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histri-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> starting a period of Romanization. The town was elevated to colonial rank between 46 and 45 BC as the tenth region of the late <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Histri_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histri-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During that time the town grew and had at its zenith a population of about 30,000. It became a significant Roman port with a large surrounding area under its jurisdiction. </p><p>During the civil war of 42 BC of the triumvirate of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Octavian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Mark Antony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aemilius_Lepidus_(triumvir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir)">Lepidus</a> against Caesar's assassins <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger">Brutus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Cassius_Longinus" title="Gaius Cassius Longinus">Cassius</a>, the town took the side of Cassius, since the town had been founded by <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Cassius_Longinus" title="Quintus Cassius Longinus">Cassius Longinus</a>, brother of Cassius. After Octavian's victory, the town was demolished. It was soon rebuilt at the request of Octavian's daughter Iulia and was then called <i>Colonia Pietas Iulia Pola Pollentia Herculanea</i>. The colony was part of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy#Augustan_organization" title="Roman Italy">Venetia et Histria</a>, a region of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a>. Great classical constructions were built of which a few remain. </p><p>A great <a href="/wiki/Amphitheatre" title="Amphitheatre">amphitheatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pula_Arena" title="Pula Arena">Pula Arena</a>, was constructed between 27 BC and 68 AD,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> much of it still standing to this day. The Romans also supplied the city with water and sewage systems. They fortified the city with a wall with ten gates. A few of these gates remain: the triumphal <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_the_Sergii" title="Arch of the Sergii">Arch of the Sergii</a>, the Gate of Hercules (in which the names of the founders of the city are engraved), and the Twin Gates. During the reign of the emperor <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> the name of the town was changed to "Res Publica Polensis". The town was the site of an execution of two reigning <i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(title)" title="Caesar (title)">caesares</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Crispus" title="Crispus">Crispus</a> in 326 AD and <a href="/wiki/Constantius_Gallus" title="Constantius Gallus">Constantius Gallus</a> in 354 AD. In 425 AD the town became the centre of a diocese, attested by the remains of foundations of a few religious buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-Histri_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histri-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_49.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg/220px-Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg/330px-Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg/440px-Capilla_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Formosa%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_49.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8004" data-file-height="5336" /></a><figcaption>Chapel of St. Mary Formosa</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg/220px-Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg/330px-Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg/440px-Church-of-st-nicholas-pula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3838" data-file-height="2699" /></a><figcaption>Church of St Nicholas (Sv. Mikula)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_46.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg/220px-Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg/330px-Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg/440px-Fuerte_Ka%C5%A1tel%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_46.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7043" data-file-height="3734" /></a><figcaption>Kaštel Pula</figcaption></figure> <p>After the fall of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Roman Empire</a>, the city and region were attacked by the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a>, Pula being virtually destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Odoacer" title="Odoacer">Odoacer</a>, a Germanic <i>foederati</i> general in 476 AD.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town was ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a> from 493 to 538 AD.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When their rule ended, Pula came under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Exarchate_of_Ravenna" title="Exarchate of Ravenna">Exarchate of Ravenna</a> (540–751). During this period Pula prospered and became the major port of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> fleet and an integral part of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arheoloski_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arheoloski-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Canneto_(Pula,_Croatia)" title="Santa Maria del Canneto (Pula, Croatia)">Basilica of Saint Mary Formosa</a> was built in the 6th century.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 788 onwards, Pula was ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Frankish_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankish Empire">Frankish Empire</a> under <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, with the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudal system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Arheoloski_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arheoloski-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Museum_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Museum-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Franks it was part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Kingdom of Italy</a>. Pula became the seat of the elective counts of Istria until 1077. The town was taken in 1148 by the Venetians and in 1150 Pula swore allegiance to the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a>, thus becoming a Venetian possession. For centuries thereafter, the city's fate and fortunes were tied to those of Venetian power. It was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Pisa" title="Pisa">Pisans</a> in 1192 but soon reconquered by the Venetians.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1238 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX" title="Pope Gregory IX">Pope Gregory IX</a> formed an alliance between Genoa and Venice against the Empire, and consequently against Pisa too. As Pula had sided with the Pisans, the city was sacked by the Venetians in 1243. It was destroyed again in 1267 and again in 1397 when the <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoese</a> defeated the Venetians in a naval battle. Pula then slowly went into decline. This decay was accelerated by the infighting of local families: the ancient Roman Sergi family and the Ionotasi (1258–1271) and the clash between Venice and Genoa for the control of the city and its harbour (late 13th and 14th centuries). In 1291, by the Peace of Treviso, Patriarch Raimondo della Torre gained the city as part of the <a href="/wiki/Secular_realm_of_the_Patriarchate_of_Aquileia" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular realm of the Patriarchate of Aquileia">secular realm of the Patriarchate of Aquileia</a>, only to lose it to Venice in 1331, which then held it until its downfall in 1797. </p><p>Pula is quoted by the Italian poet <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a>, who had visited Pula, in the <i><a href="/wiki/Divine_Comedy" title="Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a></i>: "Sì come a Pola, presso del Carnaro, ch'Italia chiude e i suoi termini bagna" or "As Pola, along the <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Quarnero</a>, that marks the end of Italy and bathes its boundaries". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venetian,_Napoleonic_and_early_Habsburg_rule"><span id="Venetian.2C_Napoleonic_and_early_Habsburg_rule"></span>Venetian, Napoleonic and early Habsburg rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Venetian, Napoleonic and early Habsburg rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetians</a> took over Pula in 1331 and would rule the city until 1797. During the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, Pula was attacked and occupied by the Genoese, the Hungarian army and the Habsburgs; several outlying medieval settlements and towns were destroyed. In addition to war, the <a href="/wiki/Plague_(disease)" title="Plague (disease)">plague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Typhoid_fever" title="Typhoid fever">typhoid</a> ravaged the city. By the 1750s there were only 3,000 inhabitants left in ancient city, an area now covered with weeds and ivy.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the collapse of the Venetian Republic in 1797 following <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a>, the city became part of the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a>. It was invaded again in 1805 after the French had defeated the Austrians. It was included in the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French Empire</a> of Napoleon as part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a>, then placed directly under the French Empire's <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Austrian_Littoral_province_and_union_with_Italy">Austrian Littoral province and union with Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Austrian Littoral province and union with Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg/220px-Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg/330px-Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg/440px-Vittoriano_altare_Pola_P1000735.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Altar of the city of Pola at the <a href="/wiki/Altare_della_Patria" class="mw-redirect" title="Altare della Patria">Altare della Patria</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy. Pola was at the time a so-called "<a href="/wiki/Italian_irredentism" title="Italian irredentism">irredent land"</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1813, Pola (with Istria) came back to the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>. Under the <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1867" class="mw-redirect" title="Compromise of 1867">compromise of 1867</a>, the town – under the original Italian name, Pola – remained in <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> until the latter's defeat and dissolution in 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Austrian rule, Pola regained prosperity. Its large <a href="/wiki/Harbor" title="Harbor">natural harbour</a> became Austria's main naval base and a major shipbuilding centre.<sup id="cite_ref-WILL_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WILL-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was chosen for the base in 1859 by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Birch_Dahlerup" title="Hans Birch Dahlerup">Hans Birch Dahlerup</a>, a Danish admiral in the service of Austria.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, Pola grew from a fading provincial town into an industrial city. The island of Brioni (in Croatian renamed <a href="/wiki/Brijuni" title="Brijuni">Brijuni</a>) to the North West of Pola became the summer vacation resort of Austria's <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_family" title="Royal family">royal family</a>. In World War I, the port was the main base for Austro-Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">dreadnoughts</a> and other naval forces of the Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-WILL_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WILL-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period many inhabitants were Italian speaking. The 1910 Austrian census recorded a city population of 58,562 (45.8% Italian speaking; 15.2% Croatian, the rest were mostly German-speaking military).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the collapse of Austria-Hungary in 1918, Pola and the whole of Istria, except the territory of Castua/<a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a>, went to Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pola became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pola" title="Province of Pola">Province of Pola</a>. The decline in population after World War I was mainly due to economic difficulties caused by the withdrawal of Austro-Hungarian military and bureaucratic facilities and the dismissal of workers from the shipyard.<sup id="cite_ref-Cser.it_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cser.it-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Fascist" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Fascist">Italian Fascist</a> government of <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>, non-Italians, especially Croatian residents who came to Pola under <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian</a> rule, faced stringent political and cultural repression because they had now to integrate themselves into the Kingdom of Italy and learn the Italian language. Many left the city and went back to the newly created <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. After the collapse of Fascist Italy in 1943, the city was occupied by the German <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> and remained a base for U-boats. Consequently, the city was subjected to repeated Allied bombing from 1942 to 1944. In the last phase of the war, Pola saw the arrest, deportation, and execution of people suspected of aiding the Axis, by the partisans who together with the Yugoslav communists killed many soldiers and civilians, in the first episodes of what would have been named, later on, the <a href="/wiki/Foibe_massacres" title="Foibe massacres">Foibe massacres</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 165px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula Riviera in 1904"><img alt="Pula Riviera in 1904" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg/150px-Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg/225px-Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg/300px-Pula_Hotel_Riviera_1904.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pula Riviera in 1904</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 165px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adolf Hirémy-Hirschl, Sailors in the Harbor of Pola, pastel on paper, c. 1916. The Jack Daulton Collection, Los Altos Hills, California."><img alt="Adolf Hirémy-Hirschl, Sailors in the Harbor of Pola, pastel on paper, c. 1916. The Jack Daulton Collection, Los Altos Hills, California." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg/150px-Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg/225px-Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg/300px-Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl_Matrosen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="2239" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hir%C3%A9my-Hirschl" title="Adolf Hirémy-Hirschl">Adolf Hirémy-Hirschl</a>, Sailors in the Harbor of Pola, pastel on paper, c. 1916. The <a href="/wiki/James_(Jack)_Daulton" class="mw-redirect" title="James (Jack) Daulton">Jack Daulton</a> Collection, Los Altos Hills, California.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 165px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austro-Hungarian dreadnoughts at Pola"><img alt="Austro-Hungarian dreadnoughts at Pola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg/150px-Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg/225px-Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg/300px-Austro-Hungarian_Dreadnoughts_At_Pula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Austro-Hungarian dreadnoughts at Pola</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 165px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pula_(1923-1947).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag in use during the Italian rule of the city[27]"><img alt="Flag in use during the Italian rule of the city[22]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg/225px-Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg/300px-Flag_of_Pula_%281923-1947%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag in use during the Italian rule of the city<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 165px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pola-Stemma_(1918-1943).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms in use during the Italian rule of the city"><img alt="Coat of arms in use during the Italian rule of the city" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg/106px-Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg/160px-Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg/212px-Pola-Stemma_%281918-1943%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coat of arms in use during the Italian rule of the city</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post–World_War_II_and_modern_era"><span id="Post.E2.80.93World_War_II_and_modern_era"></span>Post–World War II and modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post–World War II and modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_University.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pula_University.JPG/220px-Pula_University.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pula_University.JPG/330px-Pula_University.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Pula_University.JPG/440px-Pula_University.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2566" data-file-height="1607" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juraj_Dobrila_University_of_Pula" title="Juraj Dobrila University of Pula">Pula University</a> building</figcaption></figure> <p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Italians" title="Istrian Italians">Istrian Italians</a> of Pula left Yugoslavia towards Italy (<a href="/wiki/Istrian-Dalmatian_exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Istrian-Dalmatian exodus">Istrian-Dalmatian exodus</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For two years after 1945, Pola was administered by the <a href="/wiki/Allied_Military_Government_for_Occupied_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories">Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories</a> (AMG). Pola formed an enclave within south Istria that was occupied by Yugoslavia since 1945 with the help of Churchill. The AMG was occupied by a company of the United States 351st Infantry and a <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_battalion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British battalion (page does not exist)">British battalion</a> of the 24th <a href="/wiki/Brigade_of_Guards" title="Brigade of Guards">Guards Brigade</a>. Istria was partitioned into occupation zones until the region became officially united with the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (<a href="/wiki/SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="SFR Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a>) on 15 September 1947, under terms of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_with_Italy,_1947" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947">Paris Peace Treaties</a>. The city became part of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Socialist Republic of Croatia</a>, a federal state within <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a>, upon the ratification of the Paris Peace Treaties on 15 September 1947 – which also created the <a href="/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste" title="Free Territory of Trieste">Free Territory of Trieste</a>. Initially, Pola's population of 45,000 was largely made up of ethnic Italians, however, between December 1946 and September 1947, the vast majority of Italians fled to Italy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Subsequently, the city's Croatian name, Pula, became the official name. Today the city of Pula or Pola is officially bilingual, Croatian and Italian, hence both Pula and Pola are official names. Since the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991, Pula has been part of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Croatia">Republic of Croatia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_climate">Geography and climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography and climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> Pula (Pula, City of Pula) </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.56em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">78</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.28em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">64</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">2</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.3em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">65</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">13</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">70</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.2em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">16</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.12em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">56</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.2em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.06em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">53</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.2em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">16</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">48</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">28</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">75</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">28</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">85</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">24</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">15</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">85</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">20</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">80</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.4em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">7</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.24em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">112</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <a href="/w/index.php?title=EuroWeather&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EuroWeather (page does not exist)">EuroWeather</a></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: right; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.56em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.28em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.3em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">55</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.6em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">61</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.12em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.06em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.2em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">77</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">61</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.9</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11em;height:1.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">75</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">59</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1.6em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.4em;height:1.4em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">45</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.24em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The city lies on and beneath seven hills on the inner part of a wide gulf and a naturally well-protected port (depth up to 38 m (125 ft)) open to the northwest with two entrances: from the sea and through Fažana channel. </p><p>Today, Pula's geographical area amounts to 5,165 ha (12,760 acres), 4,159 ha (10,280 acres)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on land and 1,015 ha (2,510 acres) at sea, bounded from the north by islands Sv. Jerolim and Kozada, city areas Štinjan/Stignano, Veli Vrh/Monte Grande and Sianna with its 'Kaiserwald' forest; from the east area Monteserpo, Valmade, Busoler and Valdebek; from the south with the old gas works, commercial port Veruda and island Veruda; and from the west Verudela, Lungomare and Musil. </p><p>Protected from the north by the mountain chain of <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> as well the inner highland, the <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a> is <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Humid subtropical">humid subtropical</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>: <i>Cfa</i>), with the highest <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">air temperature</a> averaging 23 °C (73 °F) during July and August and lowest averaging 6 °C (43 °F), in January and February. Summers are usually quite hot, although some unusual heat wave patterns are also common.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Normally, it is humid. Temperatures above 10 °C (50 °F) last for more than 240 days a year. There are two different kinds of winds here – the <a href="/wiki/Bora_(wind)" title="Bora (wind)">bora</a> brings cold and clear weather from the north in winter, and the southern <a href="/wiki/Sirocco" title="Sirocco">Sirocco</a> bringing rain in summer.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The '<a href="/wiki/Mistral_(wind)" title="Mistral (wind)">Maestral</a>' is a summer breeze blowing from the inland to the sea. </p><p>Like the rest of the region Pula is known for its mild climate and tame sea with an average of sunny days of 2,316 hours per year or 6.3 hours a day, with an average air temperature of 13.7 °C (56.7 °F)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (6.1 °C (43.0 °F) in February to 26.4 °C (79.5 °F) in July and August) and sea temperature from 7 °C (45 °F) to 26 °C (79 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tutiempo_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tutiempo-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EuroWeather_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EuroWeather-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Pula </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10<br />(50) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10<br />(50) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13<br />(55) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(61) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21<br />(70) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(77) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28<br />(82) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28<br />(82) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(75) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(68) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14<br />(57) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10<br />(50) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18<br />(65) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(48) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(54) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17<br />(63) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21<br />(70) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(68) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(61) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11<br />(52) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7<br />(45) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14<br />(58) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8<br />(46) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(54) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(61) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15<br />(59) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(54) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7<br />(45) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10<br />(50) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53<br />(2.1) </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #5858FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">112<br />(4.4) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">871<br />(34.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">145 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #AAAAA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #B8B850; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #F1F113; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #F1F112; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #F3F316; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #F6F61E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 </td> <td style="background: #F9F926; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurometeo.com/english/climate/city_LDPL/meteo_Pula">EuroWeather</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (sunshine data)<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" class="wikitable mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Pula </th></tr> <tr> <th>Month </th> <th>Jan </th> <th>Feb </th> <th>Mar </th> <th>Apr </th> <th>May </th> <th>Jun </th> <th>Jul </th> <th>Aug </th> <th>Sep </th> <th>Oct </th> <th>Nov </th> <th>Dec </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr> <th>Average sea temperature °C (°F) </th> <td style="background:#A9A9FF;color:#000000;">11.3<br />(52.4) </td> <td style="background:#9C9CFF;color:#000000;">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background:#A8A8FF;color:#000000;">11.2<br />(52.1) </td> <td style="background:#CDCDFF;color:#000000;">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background:#FFE799;color:#000000;">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background:#FF8900;color:#000000;">23.0<br />(73.3) </td> <td style="background:#FF6200;color:#000000;">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background:#FF5E00;color:#000000;">25.2<br />(77.3) </td> <td style="background:#FF7B00;color:#000000;">23.7<br />(74.6) </td> <td style="background:#FFCB21;color:#000000;">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background:#FCFCFF;color:#000000;">16.8<br />(62.3) </td> <td style="background:#D4D4FF;color:#000000;">14.2<br />(57.5) </td> <td style="background:#FFF1C4;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium">17.7<br />(63.8) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Mean daily daylight hours </th> <td style="background:#E9E900;color:#000000;">9.0 </td> <td style="background:#F0F011;color:#000000;">10.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;">12.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF55;color:#000000;">14.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;">15.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF77;color:#000000;">16.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;">15.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF55;color:#000000;">14.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;">12.0 </td> <td style="background:#F7F722;color:#000000;">11.0 </td> <td style="background:#F0F011;color:#000000;">10.0 </td> <td style="background:#E9E900;color:#000000;">9.0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF37;color:#000000;">12.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">Ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background:#289500;color:#000000;">1 </td> <td style="background:#289500;color:#000000;">2 </td> <td style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;">3 </td> <td style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;">5 </td> <td style="background:#f85900;color:#000000;">7 </td> <td style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;">8 </td> <td style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;">8 </td> <td style="background:#f85900;color:#000000;">7 </td> <td style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;">5 </td> <td style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;">3 </td> <td style="background:#289500;color:#000000;">2 </td> <td style="background:#289500;color:#000000;">1 </td> <td style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium">4.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="14" style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;">Source: Weather Atlas<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1857</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,628</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1869</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,601</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+192.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,390</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+139.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">31,498</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+24.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">36,143</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+14.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">59,498</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+64.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">38,591</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−35.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,219</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,812</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−52.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1953</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">28,259</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+35.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">37,099</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+31.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">47,156</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+27.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">56,153</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">62,378</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">58,594</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−6.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">57,460</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">52,220</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−9.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2021, <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Croatian Bureau of Statistics">DZS</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Pula is the largest city in <a href="/wiki/Istria_County" title="Istria County">Istria County</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> of 90,000 people.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The city itself has 57,460 residents (census 2011),<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2011_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2011-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the metropolitan area includes <a href="/wiki/Barban" title="Barban">Barban</a>/Barbana (2,802 residents), <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%BEana" title="Fažana">Fažana</a>/Fasana (3,050 residents), <a href="/wiki/Li%C5%BEnjan" title="Ližnjan">Ližnjan</a>/Lisignano (2,945 residents), <a href="/wiki/Mar%C4%8Dana" title="Marčana">Marčana</a>/Marzana (3,903 residents), <a href="/wiki/Medulin" title="Medulin">Medulin</a>/Medolino (6,004 residents), <a href="/wiki/Svetvin%C4%8Denat" title="Svetvinčenat">Svetvinčenat</a>/Sanvicenti (2,218 residents) and <a href="/wiki/Vodnjan" title="Vodnjan">Vodnjan</a>/Dignano (5,651 residents). Its population density is 1,093.27/km<sup>2</sup> (2,831.6/sq mi), ranking Pula fifth in Croatia. </p><p>In 1910 Pula had a total of 58,562 inhabitants, of which 45.8% were <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Italians" title="Istrian Italians">Istrian Italians</a>, 15.2% Croatians, while the rest of the population was mostly ethnic Germans.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of Istrian Italians in Pula decreased drastically following the <a href="/wiki/Istrian-Dalmatian_exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Istrian-Dalmatian exodus">Istrian-Dalmatian exodus</a>, which occurred from 1943 to 1960. </p><p>Its <a href="/wiki/Birth_rate" title="Birth rate">birth rate</a> is 1.795 per cent and its <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality rate</a> is 1.014 per cent (in 2001 466 people were born and 594 deceased), with a <a href="/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility" title="Sub-replacement fertility">natural population decrease</a> of −0.219 per cent and vital index of 78.45. The majority of its citizens are <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a> representing 75.88% of the population (2021 census). The largest ethnic minorities are: 2,661 <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a> (5.10 per cent), 1,860 local <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> (3.56 per cent), 1,479 <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a> (2.83 per cent), 440 <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> (0.84 per cent), 357 <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenians</a> (0.68 per cent).<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2021_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1162025173">.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica_scrollable,.mw-parser-output div.kbs_napomena_nonscrollable{max-width:52em;min-width:18em;padding-right:2em;padding-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica_scrollable{overflow-y:hidden;overflow-x:auto}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica{display:table;min-width:35em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output table.kbs_tablica{table-layout:fixed;width:98%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-top:0.3em;margin-bottom:0.3em}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_za_stupce{height:calc(8em + 2em);vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;line-height:1;border-bottom:1px solid #666;padding-bottom:0;white-space:nowrap;overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_stupci{background:#25b;width:70%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:1px solid black;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_stupci:hover{background:#d00}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_podatci{z-index:10;position:relative;padding:0.1em;font-size:60%}.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:hover .kbs_podatci,.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:focus .kbs_podatci,.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:active .kbs_podatci{font-size:90%;font-weight:bold;color:#b00;background:#fff;z-index:20;display:inline-block;position:relative;border-radius:0.1em 0.1em 0.1em 0.3em;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-top:0.3em;padding-bottom:0.2em;transition:all 500ms;transform:translate(0.66em,1.66em)}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_godine{text-align:center;font-size:65%}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_ordinata{width:1.5em;font-size:80%;text-align:right;padding-left:0;padding-right:0.5em;border-right:1px solid #666}.mw-parser-output span.kbs_ordinata{white-space:nowrap;writing-mode:vertical-rl;transform:rotate(180deg)}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_naslov{font-size:100%;margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_napomena{font-size:65%;line-height:1.2;color:#444}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_vte{font-size:65%;line-height:1.2;color:#444;float:right}</style> </p> <div class="kbs_tablica_scrollable"><div class="kbs_tablica"><div class="kbs_naslov"><b>City of Pula</b>: Population trends 1857–2021</div><table class="kbs_tablica"><tbody><tr><td class="kbs_ordinata"><span class="kbs_ordinata">population</span></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">3628</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:0.46em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">10601</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:1.35em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">25390</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.25em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">31498</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:4.03em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">36143</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:4.63em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">59498</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:7.63em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">38591</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:4.94em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">44219</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:5.67em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">20812</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:2.66em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">28259</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.62em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">37099</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:4.75em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">47156</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:6.04em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">56153</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:7.2em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">62378</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:8em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">58594</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:7.51em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">57460</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:7.36em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">52220</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:6.69em;"></div></td></tr><tr><td></td><td class="kbs_godine">1857</td><td class="kbs_godine">1869</td><td class="kbs_godine">1880</td><td class="kbs_godine">1890</td><td class="kbs_godine">1900</td><td class="kbs_godine">1910</td><td class="kbs_godine">1921</td><td class="kbs_godine">1931</td><td class="kbs_godine">1948</td><td class="kbs_godine">1953</td><td class="kbs_godine">1961</td><td class="kbs_godine">1971</td><td class="kbs_godine">1981</td><td class="kbs_godine">1991</td><td class="kbs_godine">2001</td><td class="kbs_godine">2011</td><td class="kbs_godine">2021</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="kbs_napomena_nonscrollable"><div class="kbs_napomena"><b>Sources</b>: <a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_population_data_graph/Sources" title="Template:Croatian population data graph/Sources">Croatian Bureau of Statistics publications</a></div><div class="kbs_vte"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_population_data_graph" title="Template:Croatian population data graph"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sights">Sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Pula" title="Special:EditPage/Pula">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The city is best known for its many surviving ancient Roman buildings, the most famous of which is its 1st-century <a href="/wiki/Amphitheatre" title="Amphitheatre">amphitheatre</a>, which is among the six largest surviving Roman arenas in the world<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and locally known as the <a href="/wiki/Pula_Arena" title="Pula Arena">Arena</a>. This is one of the best-preserved amphitheatres from antiquity and is still in use today during summer film festivals. During the World War II Italian fascist administration, there were attempts to dismantle the arena and move it to mainland Italy, which were quickly abandoned due to the costs involved. </p><p>Two other notable and well-preserved ancient Roman structures are the 1st-century BC <a href="/wiki/Triumphal_arch" title="Triumphal arch">triumphal arch</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_the_Sergii" title="Arch of the Sergii">Arch of the Sergii</a> and the co-eval <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Augustus,_Pula" title="Temple of Augustus, Pula">Temple of Augustus</a>, built in the 1st century AD on the <a href="/wiki/Forum_(Roman)" title="Forum (Roman)">forum</a> during the reign of the Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Twin Gates (<a href="/wiki/Porta_Gemina" title="Porta Gemina">Porta Gemina</a>) is one of the few remaining gates after the <a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">city walls</a> were pulled down at the beginning of the 19th century. It dates from the mid-2nd century, replacing an earlier gate. It consists of two arches, columns, a plain <a href="/wiki/Architrave" title="Architrave">architrave</a>, and a decorated <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a>. Closeby are a few remains of the old city wall. </p><p>The Gate of Hercules dates from the 1st century. At the top of the single arch, one can see the bearded head of <a href="/wiki/Hercules" title="Hercules">Hercules</a>, carved in <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">high-relief</a>, and his club on the adjoining <a href="/wiki/Voussoir" title="Voussoir">voussoir</a>. A damaged inscription, close to the club, contains the names of <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Calpurnius_Piso_Caesoninus_(consul_58_BC)" title="Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (consul 58 BC)">Lucius Calpurnius Piso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Cassius_Longinus" title="Gaius Cassius Longinus">Gaius Cassius Longinus</a> who were entrusted by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman senate">Roman senate</a> to found a colony at the site of Pula. Thus it can be deduced that Pula was founded between 47 and 44 BC. </p><p>The Augustan Forum was constructed in the 1st century BC, close to the sea. In Roman times it was surrounded by temples of <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juno_(mythology)" title="Juno (mythology)">Juno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minerva" title="Minerva">Minerva</a>. This Roman commercial and administrative centre of the city remained the main square of classical and medieval Pula. It is still the main administrative and legislative centre of the city. The temple of Augustus is still preserved today. A part of the back wall of the temple of Juno was integrated into the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula/Pola_Communal_Palace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pula/Pola Communal Palace (page does not exist)">Communal Palace</a> in the 13th century. </p><p>Two Roman theatres have withstood the ravages of time: the smaller one (diameter c. 50 m; 2nd century AD) near the centre, the larger one (diameter c. 100 m; 1st century AD) on the southern edge of the city. </p><p>The city's old quarter of narrow streets, lined with <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Medieval</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> buildings, are still surfaced with ancient Roman paving stones. </p><p>The Byzantine chapel of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Canneto_(Pula,_Croatia)" title="Santa Maria del Canneto (Pula, Croatia)">Santa Maria del Canneto</a> (or St. Mary Formosa) was built in the 6th century (before 546) in the form of a Greek cross, resembling the churches in <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>. It was built by <a href="/wiki/Maximianus_of_Ravenna" title="Maximianus of Ravenna">Maximianus of Ravenna</a>, then a <a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">deacon</a>, but later <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Ravenna" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Ravenna">Archbishop of Ravenna</a>. It was, together with another chapel, part of a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Saint Benedict">Benedictine abbey</a> that was demolished in the 16th century. The floors and the walls are decorated with 6th-century mosaics. The decoration bears some resemblance to the <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Galla_Placidia" title="Mausoleum of Galla Placidia">Mausoleum of Galla Placidia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>. The wall over the door contains a Byzantine carved stone panel. The 15th-century wall paintings may be restorations of Early Christian paintings. When the Venetians raided Pula in 1605, they removed many treasures from this chapel and took them to Venice, including the four columns of oriental alabaster that stand behind the high altar of <a href="/wiki/St_Mark%27s_Basilica" title="St Mark's Basilica">St Mark's Basilica</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Pula_Cathedral" title="Pula Cathedral">Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary</a> was built in the 6th century, when Pula became the seat of a bishopry, over the remains of the original site where the Christians used to gather and pray in Roman times. It was enlarged in the 10th century. After its destruction by Genoese and Venetian raids, it was almost completely rebuilt in the 15th century. It got its present form when a late Renaissance façade was added in the early 16th century. The church still retains several Romanesque and Byzantine characters, such as some parts of the walls (dating from the 4th century), a few of the original column <a href="/wiki/Capital_(architecture)" title="Capital (architecture)">capitals</a> and the upper windows of the nave. In the altar area and in the room to the south one can still see fragments of 5th- or 6th-century floor mosaics with memorial inscriptions from worshippers who paid for the mosaics. The windows of the aisles underwent reconstruction in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic style</a> after a fire in 1242. The belfry in front of the church was built between 1671 and 1707 using stones from the amphitheatre. There also used to stand a baptistery from the 5th century in front of the church, but it was demolished in 1885. </p><p>The Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas with its Ravenna-style polygonal apse originally dates from the 6th century, but was partially rebuilt in the 10th century. In 1583 it was assigned to the Orthodox community of Pula, mainly immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nafplion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nafplion">Nauplion</a>. The church owns several icons from the 15th and the 16th century and an <a href="/wiki/Iconostasis" title="Iconostasis">iconostasis</a> from the Greek artists <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomios_Batos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomios Batos (page does not exist)">Tomios Batos</a> from the 18th century. </p><p>The star-shaped castle with four <a href="/wiki/Bastion" title="Bastion">bastions</a> is situated on top of the central hill of the old city. It was built, over the remains of the Roman <a href="/wiki/Capitoline_Hill" title="Capitoline Hill">capitolium</a>, by the Venetians in the 17th century, following the plans of the <a href="/wiki/Military_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of France">French military</a> architect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_de_Ville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine de Ville (page does not exist)">Antoine de Ville</a>. Since 1961 it houses the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historical_Museum_of_Istria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historical Museum of Istria (page does not exist)">Historical Museum of Istria</a>. Close by, on the north-eastern slopes, one can see the remains of a 2nd-century theatre. </p><p>The Church of St. Francis dates from the end of the 13th century. It was built in 1314 in the late <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> style with Gothic additions such as the <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose window</a>. The church consists of a single <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> with three <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apses</a>. An unusual feature of this church is the double <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a>, with one part projecting into the street. A 15th-century wooden <a href="/wiki/Polyptych" title="Polyptych">polyptych</a> from an <a href="/wiki/Emilia_(region_of_Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilia (region of Italy)">Emilian</a> artist adorns the altar. The west portal is decorated with shell motifs and a <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose window</a>. The adjoining monastery dates from the 14th century. The cloisters display some antique Roman artefacts. </p><p>The <i>Archaeological Museum of Istria</i> is situated in the park on a lower level than the <a href="/wiki/Roman_theatre_(structure)" title="Roman theatre (structure)">Roman theatre</a> and close to the Twin Gates. Its collection was started by Marshall <a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Marmont</a> in August 1802 when he collected the stone monuments from the temple of Augustus. The present-day museum was opened in 1949. It displays treasures from Pula and surroundings from prehistory until the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. The building was constructed under Austro-Hungarian rule and was the former k.u.k. <i>Staatsgymnasium</i>, the Austrian high school. The <a href="/wiki/Aquarium_Pula" title="Aquarium Pula">Aquarium Pula</a> is the biggest aquarium in Croatia, located in the Austro-Hungarian fortress Verudela, which was built in 1886 on the peninsula 3 km (2 mi) from the centre of the city of Pula. Transforming the fortress into the aquarium has been in progress since 2002. The installation encompasses about 60 tanks on the ground floor, the moat, and the first floor of the fortress. In an area of approximately 2,000 m<sup>2</sup> (21,528 sq ft), visitors can view inhabitants of the Northern and Southern Adriatic Sea, tropical marine and freshwater fish, and representatives of European rivers and lakes. From the roof of the fort, visitors may view the entire city of Pula. It is also possible to see the first marine turtle rescue centre in Croatia. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fort_Bourguignon" title="Fort Bourguignon">Fort Bourguignon</a> is one of many fortresses in Pula that the Austrian empire erected to protect the port for its navy. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nesactium" title="Nesactium">Nesactium</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an ancient hill fort settlement, which is considered to be the oldest urban settlement in Istria. The town is settled about 10 km north of Pula, next to Valtura and Pula Airport. The site itself is located above Bay of Budava, and it is well protected by its steep hills. Nesactium is first mentioned as the main settlement of the Histri, the oldest people on the peninsula, which was the eponym for Istria. Livy was the first who mentioned Nesactium, and the altar dedicated to Emperor Gordian from the 3rd century, where "Res Republica Nesactiensium" is mentioned, confirmed the actual existence of this city. The search for the city began in 1900, when <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Kandler" title="Pietro Kandler">Pietro Kandler</a> first put together the toponym Vizače with ancient Nesactium. </p><p>As a result of its rich political history, Pula is a city with a cultural mixture of people and languages from the Mediterranean and Central Europe, ancient and contemporary. Pula's architecture reflects these layers of history. Residents are commonly fluent in both Croatian and Italian but also in foreign languages like German and English. From 30 October 1904 to March 1905 Irish writer <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a> taught English at the Berlitz School; his students were mainly <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austro-Hungarian naval officers</a> who were stationed at the <a href="/wiki/Shipyard" title="Shipyard">Naval Shipyard</a>. While he was in Pola he organised the local printing of his broadsheet <i>The Holy Office</i>, which satirised both <a href="/wiki/William_Butler_Yeats" class="mw-redirect" title="William Butler Yeats">William Butler Yeats</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_William_Russell" title="George William Russell">George William Russell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula Arena (exterior)"><img alt="Pula Arena (exterior)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg/200px-Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg/300px-Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg/400px-Pula_Arena_exterior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pula Arena (exterior)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anfiteatro_de_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula Arena (interior)"><img alt="Pula Arena (interior)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg/151px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg/227px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg/303px-Anfiteatro_de_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5348" data-file-height="7061" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pula Arena (interior)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Istrian National Theatre"><img alt="Istrian National Theatre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg/200px-Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg/300px-Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg/400px-Teatro_Politeama_Ciscutti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="2604" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Istrian National Theatre</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Punta Verudela"><img alt="Punta Verudela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG/200px-Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG/300px-Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG/400px-Pula_Punta_Verudela.JPG 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Punta Verudela</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arco_de_los_Sergios,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_43.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arch of Sergii"><img alt="Arch of Sergii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg/160px-Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg/240px-Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg/320px-Arco_de_los_Sergios%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_43.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4211" data-file-height="5255" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Arch of Sergii</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piran_Reliquary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Byzantine Piran Reliquary at the Pula Archeological Museum"><img alt="Byzantine Piran Reliquary at the Pula Archeological Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Piran_Reliquary.jpg/200px-Piran_Reliquary.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Piran_Reliquary.jpg/300px-Piran_Reliquary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Piran_Reliquary.jpg/400px-Piran_Reliquary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2825" data-file-height="1915" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Byzantine Piran Reliquary at the Pula Archeological Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_beach_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lungo Mare beach"><img alt="Lungo Mare beach" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG/200px-Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG/300px-Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG/400px-Pula_beach_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lungo Mare beach</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Light design by Dean Skira on cranes in Pula harbour"><img alt="Light design by Dean Skira on cranes in Pula harbour" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg/200px-Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg/300px-Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg/400px-Pula_Lighting_Giants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2126" data-file-height="1417" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Light design by <a href="/wiki/Dean_Skira" title="Dean Skira">Dean Skira</a> on cranes in Pula harbour</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Pula,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_53.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pula Cathedral"><img alt="Pula Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg/197px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg/295px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg/394px-Catedral_de_Pula%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_53.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5158" data-file-height="5238" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pula_Cathedral" title="Pula Cathedral">Pula Cathedral</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Templo_de_Augusto,_Pula,_Croacia,_2017-04-16,_DD_51.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Temple of Augustus"><img alt="The Temple of Augustus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg/130px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg/195px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg/260px-Templo_de_Augusto%2C_Pula%2C_Croacia%2C_2017-04-16%2C_DD_51.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4140" data-file-height="6372" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Augustus,_Pula" title="Temple of Augustus, Pula">Temple of Augustus</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MV_Monet.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MV_Monet.JPG/220px-MV_Monet.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MV_Monet.JPG/330px-MV_Monet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/MV_Monet.JPG/440px-MV_Monet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Riviera Hotel (right)</figcaption></figure> <p>Pula's surrounding natural environment, countryside and the turquoise water of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic</a> have made the city popular <a href="/wiki/Summer_vacation" title="Summer vacation">summer holiday</a> destination. The pearl nearby is Brioni island or <a href="/wiki/Brijuni" title="Brijuni">Brijuni</a> <a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Croatia">national park</a> visited by numerous world leaders since it was the summer residence of <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>. <a href="/wiki/Roman_villa" title="Roman villa">Roman villas</a> and temples still lie buried among farm fields and along the shoreline of the dozens of surrounding fishing and farming villages. The coastal waters offer beaches, fishing, <a href="/wiki/Wreck_diving" title="Wreck diving">wreck dives</a> to ancient Roman <a href="/wiki/Galley" title="Galley">galleys</a> and World War I warships, <a href="/wiki/Diving_(sport)" title="Diving (sport)">cliff diving</a>, and sailing to unspoiled coves and islands large and small. </p><p>Pula is the end point of the <a href="/wiki/EuroVelo" title="EuroVelo">EuroVelo</a> 9 <a href="/wiki/Segregated_cycle_facilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Segregated cycle facilities">cycle route</a> that runs from <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> through Poland, the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, Austria, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>. </p><p>It is possible to track <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a> footprints on the nearby seashores; certain more important finds have been made at an undisclosed location near <a href="/wiki/Bale,_Croatia" title="Bale, Croatia">Bale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%BDverinac_(4).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG/220px-%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG/330px-%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG/440px-%C5%BDverinac_%284%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1041" /></a><figcaption>Žverinac hydrofoil at the port of Pula</figcaption></figure> <p>Pula had an electric tramway system in the early 20th century. It was built in 1904 as a part of Pula's economic crescendo during the Austro-Hungarian rule. After World War I, during the Fascist rule, the need for tram transportation declined and it was finally dismantled in 1934. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pula_Airport" title="Pula Airport">Pula Airport</a> is located north-east of Pula, and serves both domestic and international destinations.<sup id="cite_ref-AIP_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIP-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly to nearby <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka Airport</a>, it is not a major international destination. However, this has changed over recent years as <a href="/wiki/Low-cost_carrier" title="Low-cost carrier">low-cost airline</a> <a href="/wiki/Ryanair" title="Ryanair">Ryanair</a> started scheduled flights to Pula in November 2006. <a href="/wiki/Easyjet" class="mw-redirect" title="Easyjet">Easyjet</a> offers many flights to UK airports. Jet2 also offers flights from Newcastle, Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds-Bradford, Belfast, Manchester, and East Midlands Airports. Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) operates scheduled flights from Stockholm and Copenhagen during summertime. Nearby <a href="/wiki/International_airport" title="International airport">international airports</a> include <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>. There are direct flights into Pula airport from London during the whole year and several other large airports in Western Europe during summer. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulapromet_(05)_edit.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG/220px-Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG/330px-Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG/440px-Pulapromet_%2805%29_edit.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption><i>Pulapromet</i> city bus</figcaption></figure> <p>On 9 April 2015 <a href="/wiki/European_Coastal_Airlines" title="European Coastal Airlines">European Coastal Airlines</a> established a daily <a href="/wiki/Seaplane" title="Seaplane">seaplane</a> service from the downtown seaplane terminal at the city's main waterfront. Destinations as of April 2015 are <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Island_of_Rab" class="mw-redirect" title="Island of Rab">island of Rab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mali_Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Mali Lošinj">Mali Lošinj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airline ceased operation in 2016. </p><p>A train service operates north from Pula through to Slovenia, however, the line remains disconnected from the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Railways" title="Croatian Railways">Croatian Railways</a> network. Plans to tunnel the 'missing link' between this line and from Rijeka have existed for many years, and despite work commencing on this project previously, have never seen completion. People traveling to Rijeka or Zagreb by train must get off in Lupoglav and take a bus to Rijeka. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula_Bus_Terminus/Terminal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pula Bus Terminus/Terminal (page does not exist)">Pula Bus Terminus/Terminal</a> is the main hub for Istria and is located on the edge of town just west of the Amphitheatre. From there, excellent service to a wide range of local, domestic, and international locations is available throughout the year. Several bus companies operate from this Terminus including the local service run by Pulapromet. There is also a guaranteed direct line from Pula to Trieste/Venice, especially into spring/summertime. </p><p>Passenger ferries also operate from the port area to nearby islands, and also to <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> in Italy from June to September. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nearby_towns_and_villages">Nearby towns and villages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Nearby towns and villages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porer_Lighthouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Porer_Lighthouse.jpg/220px-Porer_Lighthouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Porer_Lighthouse.jpg/330px-Porer_Lighthouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Porer_Lighthouse.jpg/440px-Porer_Lighthouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3184" data-file-height="2047" /></a><figcaption>Porer Lightouse</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bale_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bale (town)">Bale</a> / Valle d'Istria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjole" title="Banjole">Banjole</a> / Bagnole</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barban" title="Barban">Barban</a> / Barbana d'Istria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brijuni" title="Brijuni">Brijuni</a> / Brioni (Isole)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%BEana" title="Fažana">Fažana</a> / Fasana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galizana" class="mw-redirect" title="Galizana">Galižana</a> / Gallesano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C5%BEnjan" title="Ližnjan">Ližnjan</a> / Lisignano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medulin" title="Medulin">Medulin</a> / Medolino</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomer,_Croatia" title="Pomer, Croatia">Pomer</a> / Pomero</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premantura" title="Premantura">Premantura</a> / Promontore (Capo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0i%C5%A1an" title="Šišan">Šišan</a> / Sissano</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0tinjan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Štinjan (page does not exist)">Štinjan</a> / Strugnano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valtura" title="Valtura">Valtura</a> / Valtura</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinkuran" title="Vinkuran">Vinkuran</a>/ Vincurano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodnjan" title="Vodnjan">Vodnjan</a> / Dignano d'Istria</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Croatia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pula is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-Pula_twinnings_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pula_twinnings-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>, Austria <small><i>(since 1972, partnership established in 1961)</i></small><sup id="cite_ref-Graz_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Graz-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Trier" title="Trier">Trier</a>, Germany <small><i>(since 8 September 1970)</i><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Imola" title="Imola">Imola</a>, Italy <small><i>(since 1972)</i></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a>, Italy <small><i>(since 1982)</i></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cabar" title="Čabar">Čabar</a>, Croatia <small><i>(since 1974)</i></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kranj" title="Kranj">Kranj</a>, Slovenia <small><i>(since 1974)</i></small></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin" title="Varaždin">Varaždin</a>, Croatia <small><i>(since 1979)</i></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a>, Russia <small><i>(since 1999)</i></small><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hekinan,_Aichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hekinan, Aichi">Hekinan</a>, Japan <small><i>(since 2007)</i></small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Villefranche-de-Rouergue" title="Villefranche-de-Rouergue">Villefranche-de-Rouergue</a>, France <small><i>(since 2008)</i></small><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina <small><i>(since 2012)</i></small></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Other forms of city partnership</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a>, Hungary<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veles_Municipality" title="Veles Municipality">Veles</a>, North Macedonia<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Friendly relationships</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, Austria</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> several towns from <a href="/wiki/Styria" title="Styria">Styria</a> region</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a>, Hungary</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a>, Czech Republic</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, North Macedonia</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Karl_Albrecht_of_Austria" title="Archduke Karl Albrecht of Austria">Archduke Karl Albrecht of Austria</a>, Austrian and Polish officer and landowner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danijel_Aleksi%C4%87" title="Danijel Aleksić">Danijel Aleksić</a>, Serbian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susy_Andersen" title="Susy Andersen">Susy Andersen</a>, Italian actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Antonelli" title="Laura Antonelli">Laura Antonelli</a>, Italian actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Arpino" title="Giovanni Arpino">Giovanni Arpino</a>, Italian writer and journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Arsenijevi%C4%87" title="Vladimir Arsenijević">Vladimir Arsenijević</a>, Serbian author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidia_Bastianich" title="Lidia Bastianich">Lidia Bastianich</a>, Italian American chef-restaurateur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erma_Bossi" title="Erma Bossi">Erma Bossi</a>, Italian expressionist painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzenan_Cisija" title="Dzenan Cisija">Dženan Čišija</a>, Swedish politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispus" title="Crispus">Crispus</a>, Roman <i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(title)" title="Caesar (title)">caesar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilia_Dale" title="Lilia Dale">Lilia Dale</a>, Italian actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadranka_%C4%90oki%C4%87" title="Jadranka Đokić">Jadranka Đokić</a>, Croatian actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ehm" title="Wilhelm Ehm">Wilhelm Ehm</a>, German <a href="/wiki/Admiral_(Germany)" title="Admiral (Germany)">admiral</a> and chief of the <a href="/wiki/Volksmarine" title="Volksmarine">Volksmarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Endrigo" title="Sergio Endrigo">Sergio Endrigo</a>, Italian singer-composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanta_Fabris" title="Samanta Fabris">Samanta Fabris</a>, Croatian volleyball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasqualino_Gobbi" title="Pasqualino Gobbi">Pasqualino Gobbi</a>, Italian Catholic cleric and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Hauser" title="Stjepan Hauser">Stjepan Hauser</a>, Croatian cellist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a>, Irish writer, lived in Pula from 1904 to 1905 with his wife <a href="/wiki/Nora_Barnacle" title="Nora Barnacle">Nora Barnacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geppino_Micheletti" title="Geppino Micheletti">Geppino Micheletti</a>, Italian surgeon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Mini%C4%87" title="Helena Minić">Helena Minić</a>, Croatian actress<sup id="cite_ref-Globus_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Globus-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Palisa" title="Johann Palisa">Johann Palisa</a>, Austrian astronomer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mate_Parlov" title="Mate Parlov">Mate Parlov</a>, Croatian boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jolanda_di_Maria_Petris" title="Jolanda di Maria Petris">Jolanda di Maria Petris</a>, Italian-Finnish operatic soprano and voice pedagog</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Poto%C4%8Dnik" title="Herman Potočnik">Herman Potočnik</a>, Austrian <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Austro-Hungarian Army">officer</a>, electrical engineer and <a href="/wiki/Astronautics" title="Astronautics">astronautics</a> theorist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossana_Rossanda" title="Rossana Rossanda">Rossana Rossanda</a>, Italian journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Sain" title="Orlando Sain">Orlando Sain</a>, Italian footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Smareglia" title="Antonio Smareglia">Antonio Smareglia</a>, Italian-Croatian classical composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Soffici" title="Roberto Soffici">Roberto Soffici</a>, Italian pop singer-songwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Tradonico" title="Pietro Tradonico">Pietro Tradonico</a>, Venetian <a href="/wiki/Doge_of_Venice" title="Doge of Venice">Doge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alida_Valli" title="Alida Valli">Alida Valli</a>, Italian actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimondo_Vianello" title="Raimondo Vianello">Raimondo Vianello</a>, Italian actor who lived in Pula in his youth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hede_von_Trapp" title="Hede von Trapp">Hede von Trapp</a>, painter</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_by_city_in_Croatia#Pula" title="List of people by city in Croatia">List of people from Pula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_cities_in_Illyria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ancient cities in Illyria">List of ancient cities in Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pore%C4%8D-Pula" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Poreč-Pula">Roman Catholic Diocese of Poreč-Pula</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pula.hr/hr/gradska-uprava/gradsko-vijece/vijecnici-gradskog-vijeca/">"Vijećnici Gradskog vijeća"</a>. <i>pula.hr</i>. City of Pula<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pula.hr&rft.atitle=Vije%C4%87nici+Gradskog+vije%C4%87a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pula.hr%2Fhr%2Fgradska-uprava%2Fgradsko-vijece%2Fvijecnici-gradskog-vijeca%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dgu.gov.hr/registar-prostornih-jedinica-172/172"><i>Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119585703" class="extiw" title="d:Q119585703">Q119585703</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Register+of+spatial+units+of+the+State+Geodetic+Administration+of+the+Republic+of+Croatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdgu.gov.hr%2Fregistar-prostornih-jedinica-172%2F172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2021_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://podaci.dzs.hr/media/rqybclnx/popis_2021-stanovnistvo_po_naseljima.xlsx">"Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(xlsx)</span>. <i>Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021</i>. Zagreb: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Croatian Bureau of Statistics">Croatian Bureau of Statistics</a>. 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+Population%2C+Households+and+Dwellings+in+2021&rft.atitle=Population+by+Age+and+Sex%2C+by+Settlements&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpodaci.dzs.hr%2Fmedia%2Frqybclnx%2Fpopis_2021-stanovnistvo_po_naseljima.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>History in Exile</i>. Princeton University Press. 2018. p. 89.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+in+Exile&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkorin-Kapov" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jadranka_Skorin-Kapov" title="Jadranka Skorin-Kapov">Skorin-Kapov, Jadranka</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/jadran.html">"A short historical overview of Istria and, especially, Pula"</a>. <i>croatianhistory.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200120144114/http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/jadran.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=croatianhistory.net&rft.atitle=A+short+historical+overview+of+Istria+and%2C+especially%2C+Pula&rft.aulast=Skorin-Kapov&rft.aufirst=Jadranka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatianhistory.net%2Fetf%2Fjadran.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-archeology-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-archeology_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://istrianet.org/istria/archeology/history_bronze.htm">"Istria in the Bronze Age (1800-1000 B.C.)"</a>. <i>istrianet.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130174100/https://istrianet.org/istria/archeology/history_bronze.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=istrianet.org&rft.atitle=Istria+in+the+Bronze+Age+%281800-1000+B.C.%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fistrianet.org%2Fistria%2Farcheology%2Fhistory_bronze.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Castellieri-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Castellieri_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Castellieri_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Castellieri_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415083613/http://www.istrianet.org/istria/archeology/castellieri/hillforts-istria-slovenia.htm">"Tracking the History of the Hillforts in Istria and Slovenia"</a>. <i>istrianet.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istrianet.org/istria/archeology/castellieri/hillforts-istria-slovenia.htm">the original</a> on 15 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=istrianet.org&rft.atitle=Tracking+the+History+of+the+Hillforts+in+Istria+and+Slovenia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.istrianet.org%2Fistria%2Farcheology%2Fcastellieri%2Fhillforts-istria-slovenia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShortHistory-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ShortHistory_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/jadran.html">"A short historical overview of Istria and, especially, Pula"</a>. croatianhistory.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200120144114/http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/jadran.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+short+historical+overview+of+Istria+and%2C+especially%2C+Pula&rft.pub=croatianhistory.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatianhistory.net%2Fetf%2Fjadran.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jason-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jason_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415014616/http://www.istrianet.org/istria/legends/pola_myth.htm">"Istria on the Internet – Customs – Legends – Pola"</a>. <i>istrianet.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istrianet.org/istria/legends/pola_myth.htm">the original</a> on 15 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=istrianet.org&rft.atitle=Istria+on+the+Internet+%E2%80%93+Customs+%E2%80%93+Legends+%E2%80%93+Pola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.istrianet.org%2Fistria%2Flegends%2Fpola_myth.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Histri-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Histri_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histri_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histri_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histri_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.arnes.si/~mkralj/istra-history/ancient.html">"A HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF ISTRIA"</a>. <i>www2.arnes.si</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608065151/http://www2.arnes.si/~mkralj/istra-history/ancient.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.arnes.si&rft.atitle=A+HISTORICAL+OUTLINE+OF+ISTRIA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.arnes.si%2F~mkralj%2Fistra-history%2Fancient.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.2.39">"Strabo, Geography, 1.2.39"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211024102900/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.2.39">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strabo%2C+Geography%2C+1.2.39&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3Durn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1%3A1.2.39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/145#2.57">"Pomponius Mela, Chorographia, 2.57"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210128090544/https://topostext.org/work/145#2.57">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pomponius+Mela%2C+Chorographia%2C+2.57&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftopostext.org%2Fwork%2F145%232.57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B1_%28%CE%9B%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD%29#v1000">"Lycophron, Alexandra, 1011"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608000229/https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B1_%28%CE%9B%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD%29#v1000">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lycophron%2C+Alexandra%2C+1011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fel.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F%25CE%2591%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B5%25CE%25BE%25CE%25AC%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B4%25CF%2581%25CE%25B1_%2528%25CE%259B%25CF%2585%25CE%25BA%25CF%258C%25CF%2586%25CF%2581%25CF%2589%25CE%25BD%2529%23v1000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDžin2009">Džin 2009</a>, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arheoloski-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arheoloski_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arheoloski_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013234448/http://www.mdc.hr/pula/eng/zbirke/sredvijek/index.htm">"Arheoloski muzej Istre"</a>. <i>mdc.hr</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdc.hr/pula/eng/zbirke/sredvijek/index.htm">the original</a> on 13 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mdc.hr&rft.atitle=Arheoloski+muzej+Istre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdc.hr%2Fpula%2Feng%2Fzbirke%2Fsredvijek%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Museum-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Museum_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mhas-split.hr/english/exhibitions/CharlemagneThemakingofEurope/tabid/141/AlbumID/496-24/language/hr-HR/Default.aspx">"Charlemagne – The making of Europe"</a>. <i>mhas-split.hr</i>. The Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721101721/http://www.mhas-split.hr/english/exhibitions/CharlemagneThemakingofEurope/tabid/141/AlbumID/496-24/language/hr-HR/Default.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mhas-split.hr&rft.atitle=Charlemagne+%E2%80%93+The+making+of+Europe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mhas-split.hr%2Fenglish%2Fexhibitions%2FCharlemagneThemakingofEurope%2Ftabid%2F141%2FAlbumID%2F496-24%2Flanguage%2Fhr-HR%2FDefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090406170148/http://www.zrs-kp.si/zrs/zgodovina/e-middle.html">"A Historical Outline of Istria"</a>. <i>zrs-kp.si</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zrs-kp.si/zrs/zgodovina/e-middle.html">the original</a> on 6 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zrs-kp.si&rft.atitle=A+Historical+Outline+of+Istria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zrs-kp.si%2Fzrs%2Fzgodovina%2Fe-middle.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm Klein, 1967</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WILL-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WILL_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WILL_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>First World War</i> – Willmott, H.P., Dorling Kindersley, 2003, Page 186-187</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswellAtkinsDunn2006117_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCresswellAtkinsDunn2006">Cresswell, Atkins & Dunn 2006</a>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kocsis, Károly; Az etnikai konfliktusok történeti-földrajzi háttere a volt Jugoszlávia területén; Teleki László Alapítvány, 1993 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-04-2855-5" title="Special:BookSources/963-04-2855-5">963-04-2855-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cser.it-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cser.it_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306072317/http://www.cser.it/sunti_147.htm">"Summary: Islam in Europe, European Islam"</a>. Cser.it. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cser.it/sunti_147.htm">the original</a> on 6 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary%3A+Islam+in+Europe%2C+European+Islam&rft.pub=Cser.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cser.it%2Fsunti_147.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rbvex.it/province/comunali/trentinofriulcitta.html#pl">"Trentino Friuli città"</a>. <i>www.rbvex.it</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rbvex.it&rft.atitle=Trentino+Friuli+citt%C3%A0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbvex.it%2Fprovince%2Fcomunali%2Ftrentinofriulcitta.html%23pl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFE._White_and_J._Reinisch2011" class="citation book cs1">E. White and J. Reinisch (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MJN9DAAAQBAJ&dq=pula+exodus+italians&pg=PA81"><i>The Disentanglement of Populations – Migration, Expulsion and Displacement in Postwar Europe, 1944–49</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230297685" title="Special:BookSources/9780230297685"><bdi>9780230297685</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220809031808/https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Disentanglement_of_Populations/MJN9DAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=pula+exodus+italians&pg=PA81&printsec=frontcover">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Disentanglement+of+Populations+%E2%80%93+Migration%2C+Expulsion+and+Displacement+in+Postwar+Europe%2C+1944%E2%80%9349&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780230297685&rft.au=E.+White+and+J.+Reinisch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMJN9DAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dpula%2Bexodus%2Bitalians%26pg%3DPA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Sirocco"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Sirocco">"Sirocco" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 157.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sirocco&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=157&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009">Ivelja-Dalmatin 2009</a>, p. 29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tutiempo-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tutiempo_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tutiempo.net/en/Climate/PULA/132090.htm">"CLIMATE PULA – Weather"</a>. <i>tutiempo.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130702101104/http://www.tutiempo.net/en/Climate/PULA/132090.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tutiempo.net&rft.atitle=CLIMATE+PULA+%E2%80%93+Weather&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tutiempo.net%2Fen%2FClimate%2FPULA%2F132090.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EuroWeather-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EuroWeather_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurometeo.com/english/climate/city_LDPL/meteo_Pula">"EuroWEATHER – Maximum temperature, Pula/Pola, Croatia – Climate averages"</a>. <i>eurometeo.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181108224716/http://www.eurometeo.com/english/climate/city_LDPL/meteo_Pula">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eurometeo.com&rft.atitle=EuroWEATHER+%E2%80%93+Maximum+temperature%2C+Pula%2FPola%2C+Croatia+%E2%80%93+Climate+averages&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurometeo.com%2Fenglish%2Fclimate%2Fcity_LDPL%2Fmeteo_Pula&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weather_Atlas-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/croatia/pula-climate">"Pula, Croatia – Climate data"</a>. Weather Atlas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190424103452/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/croatia/pula-climate">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pula%2C+Croatia+%E2%80%93+Climate+data&rft.pub=Weather+Atlas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-atlas.com%2Fen%2Fcroatia%2Fpula-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2011-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census_2011_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/E01_01_01/e01_01_01_zup18_3590.html">"Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2011 Census: Pula"</a>. <i>Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011</i>. Zagreb: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Croatian Bureau of Statistics">Croatian Bureau of Statistics</a>. December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+Population%2C+Households+and+Dwellings+2011&rft.atitle=Population+by+Age+and+Sex%2C+by+Settlements%2C+2011+Census%26%2358%3B+Pula&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.dzs.hr%2FEng%2Fcensuses%2Fcensus2011%2Fresults%2Fhtm%2FE01_01_01%2Fe01_01_01_zup18_3590.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kocsis, Károly; Az etnikai konfliktusok történeti-földrajzi háttere a volt Jugoszlávia területén; Teleki László Alapítvány, 1993 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-04-2855-5" title="Special:BookSources/963-04-2855-5">963-04-2855-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitpula.hr/see-do/arch-of-the-sergii/">"Arch of the Sergii Pula – Visit Pula, Croatia"</a>. <i>www.visitpula.hr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.visitpula.hr&rft.atitle=Arch+of+the+Sergii+Pula+%E2%80%93+Visit+Pula%2C+Croatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitpula.hr%2Fsee-do%2Farch-of-the-sergii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitpula.hr/see-do/temple-of-augustus/">"Temple of Augustus Pula – Visit Pula, Croatia"</a>. <i>www.visitpula.hr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.visitpula.hr&rft.atitle=Temple+of+Augustus+Pula+%E2%80%93+Visit+Pula%2C+Croatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitpula.hr%2Fsee-do%2Ftemple-of-augustus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistorical_sites_in_Pula" class="citation web cs1">Historical sites in Pula. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pulacroatia.net/pula/">"Nesactium near Pula"</a>. <i>PulaCroatia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805074800/https://www.pulacroatia.net/pula/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PulaCroatia&rft.atitle=Nesactium+near+Pula&rft.au=Historical+sites+in+Pula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulacroatia.net%2Fpula%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080329091621/http://www.lib.utulsa.edu/speccoll/JJoyce/dear_dirty_dublin.htm">"Dear Dirty Dublin – redirect"</a>. Lib.utulsa.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utulsa.edu/speccoll/JJoyce/dear_dirty_dublin.htm">the original</a> on 29 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dear+Dirty+Dublin+%E2%80%93+redirect&rft.pub=Lib.utulsa.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.utulsa.edu%2Fspeccoll%2FJJoyce%2Fdear_dirty_dublin.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AIP-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AIP_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/eadcms/eadsite/index.php%3Foption=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=25&Itemid=3.html">AIP</a> from the <a href="/wiki/European_Organisation_for_the_Safety_of_Air_Navigation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation">European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2018">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150411010318/http://www.glasistre.hr/multimedija/pula_istra/u-pulu-iz-splita-hidroavionom-stigli-prvi-putnici-497671">"Fotogalerija : U Pulu iz Splita hidroavionom stigli prvi putnici – GlasIstre.hr"</a>. <i>glasistre.hr</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glasistre.hr/multimedija/pula_istra/u-pulu-iz-splita-hidroavionom-stigli-prvi-putnici-497671">the original</a> on 11 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=glasistre.hr&rft.atitle=Fotogalerija+%3A+U+Pulu+iz+Splita+hidroavionom+stigli+prvi+putnici+%E2%80%93+GlasIstre.hr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glasistre.hr%2Fmultimedija%2Fpula_istra%2Fu-pulu-iz-splita-hidroavionom-stigli-prvi-putnici-497671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150417031732/http://www.ec-air.eu/hr/pristaniste/timetable/">"Timetable – European Coastal Airlines"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ec-air.eu/hr/pristaniste/timetable/">the original</a> on 17 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timetable+%E2%80%93+European+Coastal+Airlines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ec-air.eu%2Fhr%2Fpristaniste%2Ftimetable%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pula_twinnings-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pula_twinnings_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505091330/http://www.pula.hr/index.php?id=123">"Međunarodna suradnja Grada Pule"</a>. <i>Grad Pula</i> (in Croatian and Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pula.hr/index.php?id=123">the original</a> on 5 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grad+Pula&rft.atitle=Me%C4%91unarodna+suradnja+Grada+Pule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pula.hr%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Graz-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Graz_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091108153010/http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10045157/606819/">"Twin Towns – Graz Online – English Version"</a>. graz.at. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10045157/606819/">the original</a> on 8 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twin+Towns+%E2%80%93+Graz+Online+%E2%80%93+English+Version&rft.pub=graz.at&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.graz.at%2Fcms%2Fbeitrag%2F10045157%2F606819%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151019184930/http://www.pula.hr/index.php?id=199&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=1989&cHash=787a992f60">"Grad Pula: Građani Triera u posjeti gradu prijatelju Puli"</a>. 19 October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pula.hr/index.php?id=199&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=1989&cHash=787a992f60">the original</a> on 19 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grad+Pula%3A+Gra%C4%91ani+Triera+u+posjeti+gradu+prijatelju+Puli&rft.date=2015-10-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pula.hr%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D199%26tx_ttnews%26%2391%3Btt_news%26%2393%3B%3D1989%26cHash%3D787a992f60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>(Protocol of partnership and town twinning in 1997)</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (March 2016)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111223053822/http://www.admnvrsk.ru/aboutcity/foreginlinks/index.php"><bdi lang="ru">Международные Связи – Администрация муниципального образования город-герой Новороссийск</bdi></a> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.admnvrsk.ru/aboutcity/foreginlinks/index.php">the original</a> on 23 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B8+%E2%80%93+%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4-%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.admnvrsk.ru%2Faboutcity%2Fforeginlinks%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">location of Croatian rebellion</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>(since 2003)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>(since 2002)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Globus-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Globus_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMikuličin2017" class="citation news cs1">Mikuličin, Ivana (4 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jutarnji.hr/globus/Globus-kultura/helena-minic-matanic-mnogi-muskarci-i-u-21-stoljecu-svoje-supruge-tretiraju-kao-ukras-zivota/6809514/">"HELENA MINIĆ MATANIĆ 'Mnogi muškarci i u 21. stoljeću svoje supruge tretiraju kao ukras života'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Globus</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181002181614/https://www.jutarnji.hr/globus/Globus-kultura/helena-minic-matanic-mnogi-muskarci-i-u-21-stoljecu-svoje-supruge-tretiraju-kao-ukras-zivota/6809514/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Globus&rft.atitle=HELENA+MINI%C4%86+MATANI%C4%86+%27Mnogi+mu%C5%A1karci+i+u+21.+stolje%C4%87u+svoje+supruge+tretiraju+kao+ukras+%C5%BEivota%27&rft.date=2017-12-04&rft.aulast=Mikuli%C4%8Din&rft.aufirst=Ivana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jutarnji.hr%2Fglobus%2FGlobus-kultura%2Fhelena-minic-matanic-mnogi-muskarci-i-u-21-stoljecu-svoje-supruge-tretiraju-kao-ukras-zivota%2F6809514%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCresswellAtkinsDunn2006" class="citation book cs1">Cresswell, Peterjon; Atkins, Ismay; Dunn, Lily (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VZweAAAACAAJ"><i>Time Out Croatia</i></a> (First ed.). London, Berkeley & Toronto: Time Out Group Ltd & Ebury Publishing, <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House Ltd.</a> pp. <span class="nowrap">116–</span>123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904978-70-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904978-70-1"><bdi>978-1-904978-70-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Out+Croatia&rft.place=London%2C+Berkeley+%26+Toronto&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E116-%3C%2Fspan%3E123&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Time+Out+Group+Ltd+%26+Ebury+Publishing%2C+Random+House+Ltd.&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-904978-70-1&rft.aulast=Cresswell&rft.aufirst=Peterjon&rft.au=Atkins%2C+Ismay&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Lily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVZweAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDžin2009" class="citation book cs1">Džin, Kristina (2009). Mirko Žužić (ed.). <i>Arena Pula</i>. Zagreb: Viza MG d.o.o. Remetinečka cesta 81, Zagreb. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-7422-15-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-7422-15-8"><bdi>978-953-7422-15-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arena+Pula&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.pub=Viza+MG+d.o.o.+Remetine%C4%8Dka+cesta+81%2C+Zagreb&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-953-7422-15-8&rft.aulast=D%C5%BEin&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (April 2011)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIvelja-Dalmatin2009" class="citation book cs1">Ivelja-Dalmatin, Ana (2009). <i>Pula</i>. Tourist Monograph. <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>: Turistička naklada. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-215-120-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-215-120-6"><bdi>978-953-215-120-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pula&rft.place=Zagreb&rft.series=Tourist+Monograph&rft.pub=Turisti%C4%8Dka+naklada&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-953-215-120-6&rft.aulast=Ivelja-Dalmatin&rft.aufirst=Ana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (April 2011)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Published_in_the_19th_century">Published in the 19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Published in the 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Graham_Jackson1887" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Graham_Jackson" title="Thomas Graham Jackson">Thomas Graham Jackson</a> (1887), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/dalmatiaquarnero03jackuoft#page/280/mode/2up">"Pola"</a>, <i>Dalmatia</i>, Oxford: Clarendon Press, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23292286M">23292286M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pola&rft.btitle=Dalmatia&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1887&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL23292286M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=Thomas+Graham+Jackson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdalmatiaquarnero03jackuoft%23page%2F280%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Lambert_Playfair1892" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Lambert_Playfair" title="Lambert Playfair">R. Lambert Playfair</a> (1892), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/handbooktomedit01firgoog#page/n17/mode/2up">"Pola"</a>, <i>Handbook to the Mediterranean</i> (3rd ed.), London: J. Murray, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL16538259M">16538259M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pola&rft.btitle=Handbook+to+the+Mediterranean&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=J.+Murray&rft.date=1892&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL16538259M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=R.+Lambert+Playfair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fhandbooktomedit01firgoog%23page%2Fn17%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Published_in_the_20th_century">Published in the 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Published in the 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArthur_L._Frothingham1910" class="citation cs2">Arthur L. Frothingham (1910), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/romancitiesinita00frotuoft#page/288/mode/2up">"Pola"</a>, <i>Roman Cities in Italy and Dalmatia</i>, New York: Sturgis & Walton Company, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7027058M">7027058M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pola&rft.btitle=Roman+Cities+in+Italy+and+Dalmatia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Sturgis+%26+Walton+Company&rft.date=1910&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL7027058M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.au=Arthur+L.+Frothingham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fromancitiesinita00frotuoft%23page%2F288%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pola"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pola">"Pola" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">901–</span>902.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pola&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E901-%3C%2Fspan%3E902&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1996" class="citation book cs1">Turner, J. (2 January 1996). <a href="/wiki/Grove_Dictionary_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove Dictionary of Art"><i>Grove Dictionary of Art</i></a> (New ed.). USA: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-517068-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-517068-7"><bdi>0-19-517068-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grove+Dictionary+of+Art&rft.place=USA&rft.edition=New&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996-01-02&rft.isbn=0-19-517068-7&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APula" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pula&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pula#Q4656" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Pula">Pula</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pula" class="extiw" title="commons:Pula"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Pula</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pula.hr/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4656#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ami-pula.hr/en/home/">Archaeological Museum of Istria</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180126170657/http://www.ami-pula.hr/en/home">Archived</a> 26 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://croatia.hr/en-GB/Destinations/Town/Pula?ZHNcMjU5LHBcNw%3d%3d">Croatian National Tourist Board – Pula</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istra.hr/en/regions-and-towns/pula-medulin">Official tourist website of Istria – Pula</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170922211728/http://www.istra.hr/en/regions-and-towns/pula-medulin">Archived</a> 22 September 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Pula23" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Pula23" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Pula</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td>57 km (35 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Pore%C4%8D" title="Poreč">Poreč</a></td> <td>67 km (42 mi) <a href="/wiki/Motovun" title="Motovun">Motovun</a></td> <td>106 km (66 mi) <a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Pula</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Li%C5%BEnjan" title="Ližnjan">Ližnjan</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medulin" title="Medulin">Medulin</a></td> <td>81 km (50 mi) <a href="/wiki/Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Lošinj">Mali Lošinj</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_and_towns_of_Croatia_by_population117" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_cities" title="Template:Croatian cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Croatian_cities" title="Template talk:Croatian cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_and_towns_of_Croatia_by_population117" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">Cities and towns of Croatia by population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Croatia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/83px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Croatia</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavonski_Brod" title="Slavonski Brod">Slavonski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velika_Gorica" title="Velika Gorica">Velika Gorica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">30,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bjelovar" title="Bjelovar">Bjelovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1tela" title="Kaštela">Kaštela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samobor" title="Samobor">Samobor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin" title="Varaždin">Varaždin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinkovci" title="Vinkovci">Vinkovci</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovec" title="Čakovec">Čakovec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90akovo" title="Đakovo">Đakovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugo_Selo" title="Dugo Selo">Dugo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica" title="Koprivnica">Koprivnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kri%C5%BEevci" title="Križevci">Križevci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutina" title="Kutina">Kutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkovi%C4%87" title="Metković">Metković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrinja" title="Petrinja">Petrinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pore%C4%8D" title="Poreč">Poreč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega,_Croatia" title="Požega, Croatia">Požega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solin" title="Solin">Solin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveta_Nedelja,_Zagreb_County" title="Sveta Nedelja, Zagreb County">Sveta Nedelja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virovitica" title="Virovitica">Virovitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapre%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Zaprešić">Zaprešić</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daruvar" title="Daruvar">Daruvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duga_Resa" title="Duga Resa">Duga Resa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87" title="Gospić">Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanec" title="Ivanec">Ivanec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivani%C4%87-Grad" title="Ivanić-Grad">Ivanić-Grad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jastrebarsko" title="Jastrebarsko">Jastrebarsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krapina" title="Krapina">Krapina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labin" title="Labin">Labin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makarska" title="Makarska">Makarska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%C5%A1ice" title="Našice">Našice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gradi%C5%A1ka" title="Nova Gradiška">Nova Gradiška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Marof" title="Novi Marof">Novi Marof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novska" title="Novska">Novska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogulin" title="Ogulin">Ogulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1" title="Omiš">Omiš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popova%C4%8Da" title="Popovača">Popovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovinj" title="Rovinj">Rovinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slatina,_Croatia" title="Slatina, Croatia">Slatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Ivan_Zelina" title="Sveti Ivan Zelina">Sveti Ivan Zelina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Trogir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umag" title="Umag">Umag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrbovec" title="Vrbovec">Vrbovec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Istria_County93" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Istria_County" title="Template:Subdivisions of Istria County"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Istria_County" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Istria County"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Istria_County" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Istria County"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Istria_County93" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Subdivisions of <a href="/wiki/Istria_County" title="Istria County">Istria County</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buje" title="Buje">Buje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzet" title="Buzet">Buzet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labin" title="Labin">Labin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novigrad,_Istria_County" title="Novigrad, Istria County">Novigrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazin" title="Pazin">Pazin</a> <small>(seat)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pore%C4%8D" title="Poreč">Poreč</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovinj" title="Rovinj">Rovinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umag" title="Umag">Umag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodnjan" title="Vodnjan">Vodnjan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Istria County"><img alt="Coat of arms of Istria County" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/50px-Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/75px-Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg/100px-Grb_Istarske_%C5%BEupanije.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Istria County</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Croatia" title="Municipalities of Croatia">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bale,_Croatia" title="Bale, Croatia">Bale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barban" title="Barban">Barban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brtonigla" title="Brtonigla">Brtonigla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerovlje" title="Cerovlje">Cerovlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%BEana" title="Fažana">Fažana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funtana" title="Funtana">Funtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%8Di%C5%A1%C4%87e" title="Gračišće">Gračišće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gro%C5%BEnjan" title="Grožnjan">Grožnjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanfanar" title="Kanfanar">Kanfanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karojba" title="Karojba">Karojba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1telir-Labinci" title="Kaštelir-Labinci">Kaštelir-Labinci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C5%A1an" title="Kršan">Kršan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani%C5%A1%C4%87e" title="Lanišće">Lanišće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C5%BEnjan" title="Ližnjan">Ližnjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupoglav,_Istria_County" title="Lupoglav, Istria County">Lupoglav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C4%8Dana" title="Marčana">Marčana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medulin" title="Medulin">Medulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motovun" title="Motovun">Motovun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprtalj" title="Oprtalj">Oprtalj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C4%87an" title="Pićan">Pićan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%A1a,_Istria_County" title="Raša, Istria County">Raša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveta_Nedelja,_Istria" title="Sveta Nedelja, Istria">Sveta Nedelja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Lovre%C4%8D" title="Sveti Lovreč">Sveti Lovreč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Petar_u_%C5%A0umi" title="Sveti Petar u Šumi">Sveti Petar u Šumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetvin%C4%8Denat" title="Svetvinčenat">Svetvinčenat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar-Vabriga" title="Tar-Vabriga">Tar-Vabriga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinjan" title="Tinjan">Tinjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1njan" title="Višnjan">Višnjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%BEinada" title="Vižinada">Vižinada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrsar" title="Vrsar">Vrsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDminj" title="Žminj">Žminj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Illyrians208" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Illyrians" title="Template:Illyrians"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Illyrians" title="Template talk:Illyrians"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Illyrians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Illyrians"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Illyrians208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Illyrian_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of Illyrian peoples and tribes">Tribes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanoi" title="Albanoi">Albani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantes_(tribe)" title="Amantes (tribe)">Amantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantini" title="Amantini">Amantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardiaei" title="Ardiaei">Ardiaei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Docleatae" class="mw-redirect" title="Docleatae">Docleatai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labeatae" title="Labeatae">Labeatae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atintanians" title="Atintanians">Atintanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autariatae" title="Autariatae">Autariatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azali_(tribe)" title="Azali (tribe)">Azali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaites" title="Balaites">Balaites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baridustae" title="Baridustae">Baridustae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassania" title="Bassania">Bassanitae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breuci" class="mw-redirect" title="Breuci">Breuci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bylliones" title="Bylliones">Bylliones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daesitiates" title="Daesitiates">Daesitiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatae" title="Dalmatae">Dalmatae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tariotes" title="Tariotes">Tariotes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daorson" title="Daorson">Daorsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardani" title="Dardani">Dardani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galabri" title="Galabri">Galabri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunatae" title="Thunatae">Thuantai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassaretii" title="Dassaretii">Dassaretii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchele" title="Enchele">Enchelei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Eneti" title="Illyrian Eneti">Eneti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabaei" title="Grabaei">Grabaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapodes" title="Iapodes">Iapodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapygians" title="Iapygians">Iapygians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daunians" title="Daunians">Dauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapians" title="Messapians">Messapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peucetians" title="Peucetians">Peuceti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazaei" title="Mazaei">Mazaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Narensi">Narensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osseriates" title="Osseriates">Osseriates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthini" title="Parthini">Parthini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penestae_(tribe)" title="Penestae (tribe)">Penestae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirustae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirustae">Pirustae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardiatae" title="Sardiatae">Sardiatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siculotae" title="Siculotae">Siculotae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taulantii" title="Taulantii">Taulantii</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abroi" title="Abroi">Abroi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agron_of_Illyria" title="Agron of Illyria">Agron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_Dicorus" title="Anastasius I Dicorus">Anastasius I Dicorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artas_of_Messapia" title="Artas of Messapia">Artas of Messapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astius" title="Astius">Astius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audata" title="Audata">Audata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballaios" title="Ballaios">Ballaios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baraliris" title="Baraliris">Baraliris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardylis" title="Bardylis">Bardylis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardylis_II" title="Bardylis II">Bardylis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bato_the_Breucian" title="Bato the Breucian">Bato the Breucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bato_the_Daesitiate" title="Bato the Daesitiate">Bato the Daesitiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bato_(Dardanian_chieftain)" title="Bato (Dardanian chieftain)">Bato Dardani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bircenna" title="Bircenna">Bircenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caeria" title="Caeria">Caeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Caius" title="Pope Caius">Caius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravantius" title="Caravantius">Caravantius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celer_(magister_officiorum)" title="Celer (magister officiorum)">Celer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleitus_(son_of_Bardylis)" title="Cleitus (son of Bardylis)">Cleitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_II" title="Constantius II">Constantius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynane" title="Cynane">Cynane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dando_the_Illyrian" title="Dando the Illyrian">Dando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_of_Pharos" title="Demetrius of Pharos">Demetrius of Pharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleutherius_and_Antia" title="Eleutherius and Antia">Eleutherius and Antia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epulon" title="Epulon">Epulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etuta" title="Etuta">Etuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavianus_(prefect_of_Egypt)" title="Flavianus (prefect of Egypt)">Flavianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaurus" title="Galaurus">Galaurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentius" title="Gentius">Gentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucias_of_Taulantii" title="Glaucias of Taulantii">Glaucias of Taulantii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabos_I" title="Grabos I">Grabos I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabos_II" title="Grabos II">Grabos II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratian" title="Gratian">Gratian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratianus_Funarius" title="Gratianus Funarius">Gratianus Funarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus_of_Sirmium" title="Irenaeus of Sirmium">Irenaeus of Sirmium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovian_(emperor)" title="Jovian (emperor)">Jovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longarus" title="Longarus">Longarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellinus_Comes" title="Marcellinus Comes">Marcellinus Comes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monounios" title="Monounios">Monounios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monunius_(Dardanian_chieftain)" title="Monunius (Dardanian chieftain)">Monunius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mytilos" title="Mytilos">Mytilos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Patrician" title="Peter the Patrician">Peter the Patrician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnes_(Ardiaean)" title="Pinnes (Ardiaean)">Pinnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plator" title="Plator">Plator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus_I" title="Pleuratus I">Pleuratus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus_II" title="Pleuratus II">Pleuratus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleuratus_III" title="Pleuratus III">Pleuratus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleurias" title="Pleurias">Pleurias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scerdilaidas" title="Scerdilaidas">Scerdilaidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirras" title="Sirras">Sirras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_(emperor)" title="Tacitus (emperor)">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuta" title="Teuta">Teuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triteuta" title="Triteuta">Triteuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valens" title="Valens">Valens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_I" title="Valentinian I">Valentinian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_II" title="Valentinian II">Valentinian II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardiaei" title="Ardiaei">Ardiaean</a>-<a href="/wiki/Labeatae" title="Labeatae">Labeatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autariatae" title="Autariatae">Autariatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardani" title="Dardani">Dardanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dardania" title="Kingdom of Dardania">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassaretii" title="Dassaretii">Dassaretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchele" title="Enchele">Enchelean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_kingdom" title="Illyrian kingdom">Illyrian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taulantii" title="Taulantii">Taulantian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Geography</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Illyria" title="List of settlements in Illyria">cities/settlements</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Acruvium (Kotor)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad_Acroceraunia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ad Acroceraunia (page does not exist)">Ad Acroceraunia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_Quintum" title="Ad Quintum">Ad Quintum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanopolis" title="Albanopolis">Albanopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantia" title="Amantia">Amantia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andetrium" title="Andetrium">Andetrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipatreia" class="mw-redirect" title="Antipatreia">Antipatreia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonia_(Illyria)" title="Apollonia (Illyria)">Apollonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arduba" title="Arduba">Arduba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnissa,_Illyria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnissa, Illyria (page does not exist)">Arnissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Aspalathos (Split)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Aulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargulum" title="Bargulum">Bargulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassania" title="Bassania">Bassania</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berat" title="Berat">Berat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budva" title="Budva">Bouthoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brindisi" title="Brindisi">Brundisium</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushat" title="Bushat">Bushat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byllis" title="Byllis">Byllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinna_(Dardania)" title="Chinna (Dardania)">Chinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysondyon" title="Chrysondyon">Chrysondyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creonion" title="Creonion">Creonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damastion" title="Damastion">Damastion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daorson" title="Daorson">Daorson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neretva#Cultural_and_historical_significance" title="Neretva">Lower Neretva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardana_Fortress" title="Dardana Fortress">Dardana Fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delminium" title="Delminium">Delminium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desilo" title="Desilo">Desilo</a> (Lower Neretva)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimale" title="Dimale">Dimale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doclea_(Illyria)" title="Doclea (Illyria)">Doclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doracium" title="Doracium">Doracium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dresnik_archaeological_site" title="Dresnik archaeological site">Dresnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duboc_Fortress" title="Duboc Fortress">Duboc</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dukat,_Albania" title="Dukat, Albania">Dukat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidamnos" title="Epidamnos">Dyrrhachium/Epidamnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enkelana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enkelana (page does not exist)">Enkelana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicaria" title="Epicaria">Epicaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenium" title="Eugenium">Eugenium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertus" title="Gertus">Gertus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedum_castellum" title="Hedum castellum">Hedum castellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maliq" title="Maliq">Hija e Korbit</a></li> <li>Iader or Idassa (<a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinna_(Illyria)" title="Kinna (Illyria)">Kinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodrion" title="Kodrion">Kodrion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kratul" title="Kratul">Kratul</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezh%C3%AB" title="Lezhë">Lissus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lezh%C3%AB" title="Lezhë">Lezhë</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lofk%C3%ABnd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lofkënd (page does not exist)">Lofkënd</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Lychnidus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matohasanaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matohasanaj (page does not exist)">Matohasanaj</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medun" title="Medun">Meteon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Mursa (Osijek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nareste" title="Nareste">Nareste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikadin_(archaeological_site)" title="Nikadin (archaeological site)">Nikadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikaia,_Illyria" title="Nikaia, Illyria">Nikaia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Klos,_Mallakast%C3%ABr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klos, Mallakastër (page does not exist)">Klos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneum" title="Oneum">Oneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oria,_Apulia" title="Oria, Apulia">Oria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oricum" title="Oricum">Oricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaeste" title="Palaeste">Palaeste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthus" title="Parthus">Parthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelion_(Illyria)" title="Pelion (Illyria)">Pelion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Persqopi_Castle" title="Persqopi Castle">Persqopi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_(Illyria)" title="Petra (Illyria)">Petra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituntium" title="Pituntium">Pituntium</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pogradec" title="Pogradec">Pogradec</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Pogradec_Castle" title="Pogradec Castle">Castle</a></i>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pola (Pula)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poslishte_(archaeological_site)" title="Poslishte (archaeological site)">Poslishte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promona" title="Promona">Promona</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabije (page does not exist)">Rabije</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Ragusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizon" title="Rhizon">Rhizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romaj%C3%AB" title="Romajë">Romajë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runik" title="Runik">Runik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salona" title="Salona">Salona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvia,_Liburnia" title="Salvia, Liburnia">Salvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbasan" title="Elbasan">Scampa (Elbasan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selc%C3%AB_e_Poshtme" title="Selcë e Poshtme">Selcë e Poshtme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesarethus" title="Sesarethus">Sesarethus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setovia" title="Setovia">Setovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Scodra (Shkodër)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thronion_(Illyria)" title="Thronion (Illyria)">Thronion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilurium" title="Tilurium">Tilurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Tragurion (Trogir)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triport,_Vlor%C3%AB" title="Triport, Vlorë">Triport</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangonj_Pass" title="Cangonj Pass">Tsangon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugento" title="Ugento">Ugento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulcinj" title="Ulcinj">Ulkinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulpiana" title="Ulpiana">Ulpiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uscana" title="Uscana">Uscana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vendenis" title="Vendenis">Vendenis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zg%C3%ABrdhesh" title="Zgërdhesh">Zgërdhesh</a></i> (? <a href="/wiki/Albanopolis" title="Albanopolis">Albanopolis</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Illyrian_art" title="Category:Illyrian art">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bosnian_cultural_group" title="Central Bosnian cultural group">Central Bosnian cultural group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_coinage" title="Illyrian coinage">Coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daunian_stele" title="Daunian stele">Daunian stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_education" title="Illyrian education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_fibulae" title="Illyrian fibulae">Fibulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasinac-Mati_culture" title="Glasinac-Mati culture">Glasinac-Mati culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradist%C3%AB_belt-plate" title="Gradistë belt-plate">Gradistë belt-plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Saraceno" title="Mount Saraceno">Monte Saraceno woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pileus_(hat)" title="Pileus (hat)">Pileus</a></li> <li>Pottery <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daunian_pottery" title="Daunian pottery">Daunian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desilo" title="Desilo">Desilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_pottery" title="Messapian pottery">Messapian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peucetian_pottery" title="Peucetian pottery">Peucetian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soleto_Map" title="Soleto Map">Soleto Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectacle_brooch" title="Spectacle brooch">Spectacle brooch</a></li> <li>Tombs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_tombs_in_Boka-P%C3%ABr%C3%A7eva" title="Illyrian tombs in Boka-Përçeva">Boka-Përçeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Tombs_of_Selca_e_Poshtme" title="Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme">Selca e Poshtme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebeni%C5%A1ta" title="Trebeništa">Trebeništa masks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%C4%8De_Belt-Plate" title="Vače Belt-Plate">Vače Belt-Plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%C4%8De_Situla" title="Vače Situla">Vače Situla</a></li> <li>Tattooing <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_traditional_tattooing" title="Albanian traditional tattooing">Albanian traditional tattooing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicanje" title="Sicanje">Sicanje</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Religion and mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_religion" title="Illyrian religion">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andinus" title="Andinus">Andinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindus_(Illyrian_god)" title="Bindus (Illyrian god)">Bindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deipaturos" title="Deipaturos">Deipaturos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zojz_(deity)" title="Zojz (deity)">Zojz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/En_(deity)" class="mw-redirect" title="En (deity)">En</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medaurus" title="Medaurus">Medaurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per%C3%ABndi" title="Perëndi">Perëndi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prende" title="Prende">Prende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomorr" title="Tomorr">Tomorr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaion_(fire_sanctuary)" title="Nymphaion (fire sanctuary)">Nymphaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">Swastika</a></li></ul> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_warfare" title="Illyrian warfare">Warfare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_weaponry" title="Illyrian weaponry">weaponry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_invasion_of_Epirus" title="Illyrian invasion of Epirus">Illyrian invasion of Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander%27s_Balkan_campaign" title="Alexander's Balkan campaign">Alexander's Balkan campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pelium" title="Siege of Pelium">Siege of Pelium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardanian%E2%80%93Bastarnic_war" title="Dardanian–Bastarnic war">Dardanian–Bastarnic war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasions_of_Epidamnus" title="Invasions of Epidamnus">Invasions of Epidamnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyro-Roman_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Illyro-Roman Wars">Illyro-Roman Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Wars" title="Macedonian Wars">Roman-Macedonian wars</a></li> <li>Battles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Erigon_Valley" title="Battle of Erigon Valley">Erigon Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lyncestis" title="Battle of Lyncestis">Lyncestis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paxos" title="Battle of Paxos">Paxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pharos" title="Battle of Pharos">Pharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Phoenice" title="Battle of Phoenice">Phoenice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman%E2%80%93Dalmatian_wars" title="Roman–Dalmatian wars">Roman–Dalmatian wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar%27s_civil_war" title="Caesar's civil war">Caesar's civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dyrrhachium_(48_BC)" title="Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)">Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellum_Batonianum" title="Bellum Batonianum">Batonian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desilo" title="Desilo">Desilo shipyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_type_helmet" title="Illyrian type helmet">Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lembus" title="Lembus">Lembus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liburna" title="Liburna">Liburna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibyna" title="Sibyna">Sibyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sica" title="Sica">Sica</a></li> <li>Sieges <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Issa" title="Siege of Issa">Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Medion" title="Siege of Medion">Medion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Oricum" title="Siege of Oricum">Oricum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_language" title="Illyrian language">Illyrian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Illyrian_vocabulary" title="Proposed Illyrian vocabulary">Proposed vocabulary</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illyro-Roman" title="Illyro-Roman">Roman period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_emperors" title="Illyrian emperors">Illyrian emperors</a></li> <li>Dioceses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Dacia" title="Diocese of Dacia">Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Pannonia" title="Diocese of Pannonia">Illyricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Macedonia" title="Diocese of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li></ul></li> <li>Prefectures <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Illyricum" title="Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum">Illyricum</a></li></ul></li> <li>Provinces <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dardania_(Roman_province)" title="Dardania (Roman province)">Dardania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Delmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_(Roman_province)" title="Epirus (Roman province)">Epirus Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyricum_(Roman_province)" title="Illyricum (Roman province)">Illyricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moesia_Superior" class="mw-redirect" title="Moesia Superior">Moesia Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia_Inferior" title="Pannonia Inferior">Pannonia Inferior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia_Prima" title="Pannonia Prima">Pannonia Prima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia_Savia" title="Pannonia Savia">Pannonia Savia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia_Secunda" title="Pannonia Secunda">Pannonia Secunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia_Superior" title="Pannonia Superior">Pannonia Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirmium" title="Sirmium">Sirmium</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illyrology" title="Illyrology">Illyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origin of the Albanians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_paganism" title="Albanian paganism">Albanian paganism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Balkans" title="History of the Balkans">History of the Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistory of Southeastern Europe">Prehistory of Southeastern Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Illyria-related_lists" title="Category:Illyria-related lists">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Illyrians" title="List of Illyrians">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_tribes_in_Illyria" title="List of ancient tribes in Illyria">Tribes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Illyrian_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of Illyrian peoples and tribes">Illyrian tribes</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Illyria" title="List of settlements in Illyria">Settlements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Illyrian_history" title="Timeline of Illyrian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Illyrians" title="Category:Illyrians">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4656#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2043" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4656#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2043" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4656#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1210268/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdh3DXwJ3yFcVWT8kDwmd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pula"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4103444-2">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80125740">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125232093">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125232093">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pula (Chorvatsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130551&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000245104&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=497/767">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559779205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/6df81079-7615-4d1f-8199-e970c032365c">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/197448">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/034479821">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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