CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Esther 3:1 After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/esther/3-1.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/6/17_Est_03_01.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Esther 3:1 - Haman Plots Against the Jews" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/esther/3-1.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/esther/3-1.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/esther/">Esther</a> > <a href="/esther/3.htm">Chapter 3</a> > Verse 1</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/esther/2-23.htm" title="Esther 2:23">◄</a> Esther 3:1 <a href="/esther/3-2.htm" title="Esther 3:2">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/esther/3.htm">New International Version</a> After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him and giving him a seat of honor higher than that of all the other nobles. <a href="/nlt/esther/3.htm">New Living Translation</a> Some time later King Xerxes promoted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite over all the other nobles, making him the most powerful official in the empire. <a href="/esv/esther/3.htm">English Standard Version</a> After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, and advanced him and set his throne above all the officials who were with him. <a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him. <a href="/kjv/esther/3.htm">King James Bible</a> After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/nkjv/esther/3.htm">New King James Version</a> After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and set his seat above all the princes who were with him. <a href="/nasb_/esther/3.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> After these events King Ahasuerus honored Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and promoted him and established his authority over all the officials who were with him. <a href="/nasb/esther/3.htm">NASB 1995</a> After these events King Ahasuerus promoted Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and established his authority over all the princes who were with him. <a href="/nasb77/esther/3.htm">NASB 1977 </a> After these events King Ahasuerus promoted Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and established his authority over all the princes who were with him. <a href="/lsb/esther/3.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> After these things, King Ahasuerus magnified Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and set his seat above all the princes who were with him. <a href="/amp/esther/3.htm">Amplified Bible</a> After these things King Ahasuerus (Xerxes) promoted Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and established his authority over all the officials who were with him. <a href="/csb/esther/3.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> After all this took place, King Ahasuerus honored Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite. He promoted him in rank and gave him a higher position than all the other officials. <a href="/hcsb/esther/3.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> After all this took place, King Ahasuerus honored Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite. He promoted him in rank and gave him a higher position than all the other officials. <a href="/asv/esther/3.htm">American Standard Version</a> After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/cev/esther/3.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Later, King Xerxes promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha to the highest position in his kingdom. Haman was a descendant of Agag, <a href="/erv/esther/3.htm">English Revised Version</a> After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/gwt/esther/3.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Later, King Xerxes promoted Haman. (Haman was the son of Hammedatha and was from Agag.) He gave Haman a position higher in authority than all the other officials who were with him. <a href="/gnt/esther/3.htm">Good News Translation</a> Some time later King Xerxes promoted a man named Haman to the position of prime minister. Haman was the son of Hammedatha, a descendant of Agag. <a href="/isv/esther/3.htm">International Standard Version</a> Sometime later King Ahasuerus promoted Hammedatha the Agagite's son Haman, elevating him to a position above all the other officials who were with him. <a href="/msb/esther/3.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him. <a href="/net/esther/3.htm">NET Bible</a> Some time later King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, exalting him and setting his position above that of all the officials who were with him. <a href="/nheb/esther/3.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> After these things King Achshayarsh promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the officials who were with him. <a href="/wbt/esther/3.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> After these things king Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/web/esther/3.htm">World English Bible</a> After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes who were with him. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/esther/3.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> After these things has King Ahasuerus exalted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and lifts him up, and sets his throne above all the heads who [are] with him, <a href="/ylt/esther/3.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> After these things hath the king Ahasuerus exalted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and lifteth him up, and setteth his throne above all the heads who are with him, <a href="/slt/esther/3.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> After these words the king Ahasuerus magnified Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite; and he will lift him up and set his seat above all the chiefs that were with him.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/esther/3.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> After these things, king Assuerus advanced Aman, the son of Amadathi, who was of the race of Agag: and he set his throne above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/cpdv/esther/3.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> <V 5:1>After this, king Artaxerxes exalted Haman, the son of Hammedatha, who was of Agag lineage, and he set his throne above all the rulers whom he had. <a href="/nabre/esther/3.htm">New American Bible</a> After these events King Ahasuerus promoted Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite, to high rank, seating him above all his fellow officials. <a href="/nrsvce/esther/3.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and set his seat above all the officials who were with him.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/esther/3.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> AFTER these things King Akhshirash promoted Haman the son of Hammadatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes who were with him. <a href="/hpbt/esther/3.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And after these events King Akhashiresh exalted Haman, son of Hammadath the Aggagite, and he exalted his throne higher than all the Princes of his people.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/esther/3.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. <a href="/sep/esther/3.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And after this king Artaxerxes highly honoured Aman son of Amadathes, the Bugaean, and exalted him, and set his seat above all his friends. <a href="/parallel/esther/3-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TRosJDhNG-8?start=572" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm">Haman Plots Against the Jews</a> 1<a href="/hebrew/310.htm" title="310: ’a·ḥar (Adv) -- The hind or following part. From 'achar; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after.">After</a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: hā·’êl·leh (Art:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">these</a> <a href="/hebrew/1697.htm" title="1697: had·də·ḇā·rîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Speech, word. From dabar; a word; by implication, a matter or thing; adverbially, a cause.">events,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">King</a> <a href="/hebrew/325.htm" title="325: ’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš (N-proper-ms) -- King of Persia. Or pachashrosh; of Persian origin; Achashverosh, the title of a Persian king.">Xerxes</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1431.htm" title="1431: gid·dal (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To grow up, become great. A primitive root; properly, to twist, i.e. To be large.">honored</a> <a href="/hebrew/2001.htm" title="2001: hā·mān (N-proper-ms) -- Haman -- to rage, be turbulent. Of foreign derivation; Haman, a Persian vizier.">Haman</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/4099.htm" title="4099: ham·mə·ḏā·ṯā (N-proper-ms) -- Hammedatha including the article. Of Persian origin; Medatha, the father of Haman.">of Hammedatha,</a> <a href="/hebrew/91.htm" title="91: hā·’ă·ḡā·ḡî (Art:: N-proper-ms) -- A descriptive term for Haman. Patrial or patronymic from 'Agag; an Agagite or descendent of Agag.">the Agagite,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5375.htm" title="5375: way·naś·śə·’ê·hū (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms:: 3ms) -- Or nacah ('abad); a primitive root; to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absol. And rel.">elevating him</a> <a href="/hebrew/7760.htm" title="7760: way·yā·śem (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To put, place, set. Or siym; a primitive root; to put."></a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3678.htm" title="3678: kis·’ōw (N-msc:: 3ms) -- Seat of honor, throne. Or kicceh; from kacah; properly, covered, i.e. A throne.">to a position</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: mê·‘al (Prep-m) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">above</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">all</a> <a href="/hebrew/8269.htm" title="8269: haś·śā·rîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince. From sarar; a head person.">the princes</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">who</a> <a href="/hebrew/854.htm" title="854: ’it·tōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- With (denoting proximity). Probably from 'anah; properly, nearness, near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc.">were with him.</a> 2All the royal servants at the king’s gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman, because the king had commanded that this be done for him. But Mordecai would not bow down or pay homage.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/esther/2-5.htm">Esther 2:5-7</a> Now there was at the citadel of Susa a Jewish man from the tribe of Benjamin named Mordecai son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish. / He had been carried into exile from Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon among those taken captive with Jeconiah king of Judah. / And Mordecai had brought up Hadassah (that is, Esther), the daughter of his uncle, because she did not have a father or mother. The young woman was lovely in form and appearance, and when her father and mother had died, Mordecai had taken her as his own daughter. <a href="/esther/8-1.htm">Esther 8:1-2</a> That same day King Xerxes awarded Queen Esther the estate of Haman, the enemy of the Jews. And Mordecai entered the king’s presence because Esther had revealed his relation to her. / The king removed the signet ring he had recovered from Haman and presented it to Mordecai. And Esther appointed Mordecai over the estate of Haman. <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Esther 9:24-25</a> For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the Pur (that is, the lot) to crush and destroy them. / But when it came before the king, he commanded by letter that the wicked scheme which Haman had devised against the Jews should come back upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows. <a href="/1_samuel/15-8.htm">1 Samuel 15:8-9</a> He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword. / Saul and his troops spared Agag, along with the best of the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs, and the best of everything else. They were unwilling to devote them to destruction, but they devoted to destruction all that was despised and worthless. <a href="/1_samuel/15-32.htm">1 Samuel 15:32-33</a> Then Samuel said, “Bring me Agag king of the Amalekites.” Agag came to him cheerfully, for he thought, “Surely the bitterness of death is past.” / But Samuel declared: “As your sword has made women childless, so your mother will be childless among women.” And Samuel hacked Agag to pieces before the LORD at Gilgal. <a href="/2_samuel/1-8.htm">2 Samuel 1:8-10</a> ‘Who are you?’ he asked. So I told him, ‘I am an Amalekite.’ / Then he begged me, ‘Stand over me and kill me, for agony has seized me, but my life still lingers.’ / So I stood over him and killed him, because I knew that after he had fallen he could not survive. And I took the crown that was on his head and the band that was on his arm, and I have brought them here to my lord.” <a href="/2_samuel/3-1.htm">2 Samuel 3:1</a> Now the war between the house of Saul and the house of David was protracted. And David grew stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker. <a href="/2_samuel/8-15.htm">2 Samuel 8:15</a> Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people: <a href="/2_samuel/19-13.htm">2 Samuel 19:13</a> And say to Amasa, ‘Aren’t you my flesh and blood? May God punish me, and ever so severely, if from now on you are not the commander of my army in place of Joab!’” <a href="/1_kings/2-5.htm">1 Kings 2:5-6</a> Moreover, you know what Joab son of Zeruiah did to me—what he did to Abner son of Ner and Amasa son of Jether, the two commanders of the armies of Israel. He killed them in peacetime to avenge the blood of war. He stained with the blood of war the belt around his waist and the sandals on his feet. / So act according to your wisdom, and do not let his gray head go down to Sheol in peace. <a href="/1_kings/2-32.htm">1 Kings 2:32-33</a> The LORD will bring his bloodshed back upon his own head, for without the knowledge of my father David he struck down two men more righteous and better than he when he put to the sword Abner son of Ner, commander of Israel’s army, and Amasa son of Jether, commander of Judah’s army. / Their blood will come back upon the heads of Joab and his descendants forever; but for David, his descendants, his house, and his throne, there shall be peace from the LORD forever.” <a href="/1_chronicles/4-43.htm">1 Chronicles 4:43</a> and struck down the remnant of the Amalekites who had escaped. And they have lived there to this day. <a href="/psalms/83-4.htm">Psalm 83:4-8</a> saying, “Come, let us erase them as a nation; may the name of Israel be remembered no more.” / For with one mind they plot together; they form an alliance against You— / the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites, of Moab and the Hagrites, ... <a href="/daniel/6-3.htm">Daniel 6:3</a> Soon, by his extraordinary spirit, Daniel distinguished himself among the administrators and satraps. So the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom. <a href="/matthew/2-16.htm">Matthew 2:16</a> When Herod saw that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was filled with rage. Sending orders, he put to death all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, according to the time he had learned from the Magi.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.A.<a href="/esther/7-6.htm">Esther 7:6</a> And Esther said, The adversary and enemy is this wicked Haman. Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen.<a href="/psalms/12-8.htm">Psalm 12:8</a> The wicked walk on every side, when the vilest men are exalted.<a href="/proverbs/29-2.htm">Proverbs 29:2</a> When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice: but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn.Agagite.<a href="/numbers/24-7.htm">Numbers 24:7</a> He shall pour the water out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in many waters, and his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted.<a href="/1_samuel/15-8.htm">1 Samuel 15:8,33</a> And he took Agag the king of the Amalekites alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword… above all the princes.<a href="/esther/1-14.htm">Esther 1:14</a> And the next unto him was Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, which saw the king's face, and which sat the first in the kingdom;)<a href="/genesis/41-40.htm">Genesis 41:40,55</a> Thou shalt be over my house, and according unto thy word shall all my people be ruled: only in the throne will I be greater than thou… <a href="/ezra/7-14.htm">Ezra 7:14</a> Forasmuch as thou art sent of the king, and of his seven counsellers, to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thine hand;<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/esther/2-9.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Agagite</a> <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Ag'agite</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/2-16.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-26.htm">Authority</a> <a href="/esther/1-21.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/nehemiah/13-30.htm">Established</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/36-8.htm">Events</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-5.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/esther/9-25.htm">Haman</a> <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Hammedatha</a> <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Hammeda'tha</a> <a href="/nehemiah/8-5.htm">Higher</a> <a href="/esther/1-20.htm">Honor</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/32-33.htm">Honored</a> <a href="/esther/1-20.htm">Honour</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-15.htm">Lifted</a> <a href="/esther/2-18.htm">Nobles</a> <a href="/esther/2-1.htm">Order</a> <a href="/nehemiah/11-6.htm">Position</a> <a href="/esther/2-18.htm">Princes</a> <a href="/nehemiah/2-10.htm">Promote</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/28-19.htm">Promoted</a> <a href="/esther/2-19.htm">Seat</a> <a href="/esther/2-16.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/esther/3-10.htm">Agagite</a> <a href="/esther/3-10.htm">Ag'agite</a> <a href="/esther/3-6.htm">Ahasuerus</a> <a href="/esther/3-7.htm">Ahasu-E'rus</a> <a href="/esther/6-4.htm">Authority</a> <a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/esther/9-27.htm">Established</a> <a href="/esther/9-20.htm">Events</a> <a href="/job/5-11.htm">Exalted</a> <a href="/esther/3-2.htm">Haman</a> <a href="/esther/3-10.htm">Hammedatha</a> <a href="/esther/3-10.htm">Hammeda'tha</a> <a href="/job/11-8.htm">Higher</a> <a href="/esther/3-2.htm">Honor</a> <a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Honored</a> <a href="/esther/6-3.htm">Honour</a> <a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Lifted</a> <a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Nobles</a> <a href="/esther/3-4.htm">Order</a> <a href="/psalms/48-2.htm">Position</a> <a href="/esther/3-12.htm">Princes</a> <a href="/job/30-13.htm">Promote</a> <a href="/esther/5-11.htm">Promoted</a> <a href="/job/23-3.htm">Seat</a> <a href="/esther/6-2.htm">Xerxes</a><div class="vheading2">Esther 3</div>1. <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Haman, advanced by the king, and despised by Mordecai, seeks revenge upon the Jews.</a> 7. <a href="/esther/3-7.htm">He casts lots.</a> 8. <a href="/esther/3-8.htm">He obtains by false accusations a decree of the king to put the Jews to death.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/3.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/esther/3.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>After these events This phrase refers to the events in the previous chapter, where Mordecai uncovered a plot against King Xerxes. The timing suggests a period of transition or change in the Persian court, setting the stage for Haman's rise to power. It highlights the unfolding narrative of divine providence and the unseen hand of God working through historical events.King Xerxes honored Haman King Xerxes, also known as Ahasuerus, was the ruler of the Persian Empire. His decision to honor Haman indicates a significant shift in court dynamics. Haman's rise to power is pivotal in the story of Esther, as it sets up the conflict between him and Mordecai. This honor contrasts with Mordecai's earlier service to the king, which went unrewarded at this point, emphasizing themes of justice and timing in God's plan.son of Hammedatha, the Agagite Haman's lineage is significant. Being an Agagite connects him to Agag, the king of the Amalekites, who were long-standing enemies of Israel. This historical enmity is rooted in the conflict between Israel and Amalek, as seen in <a href="/exodus/17-8.htm">Exodus 17:8-16</a> and <a href="/1_samuel/15.htm">1 Samuel 15</a>. The mention of Haman's ancestry foreshadows the tension and animosity he will have towards the Jewish people, particularly Mordecai.elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him Haman's elevation to a high-ranking position signifies his influence and authority in the Persian Empire. This promotion above other princes indicates his favored status with the king, which he later uses to further his own agenda against the Jews. This mirrors the biblical theme of the rise and fall of leaders, as seen in the stories of Joseph and Daniel, where God uses the positions of power for His purposes. Haman's rise also sets the stage for the dramatic reversal of fortunes that is central to the narrative of Esther.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/k/king_xerxes.htm">King Xerxes (Ahasuerus)</a> The Persian king who reigned over 127 provinces from India to Cush. He is known for his opulence and the vastness of his empire. 2. <a href="/topical/h/haman.htm">Haman</a> The son of Hammedatha, identified as an Agagite. He is elevated by King Xerxes to a position of high honor, setting the stage for the conflict in the Book of Esther. 3. <a href="/topical/a/agagite.htm">Agagite</a> This term is significant as it connects Haman to Agag, the king of the Amalekites, who were long-standing enemies of Israel. This historical enmity adds depth to Haman's later actions against the Jews. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_persian_empire.htm">The Persian Empire</a> The setting of the Book of Esther, a vast and diverse empire where the Jewish people lived in exile. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_elevation_of_haman.htm">The Elevation of Haman</a> This event marks the beginning of a significant conflict in the account, as Haman's rise to power leads to his plot against the Jews.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_pride.htm">The Danger of Pride</a> Haman's elevation and subsequent actions are a cautionary tale about the dangers of pride and ambition unchecked by humility and righteousness. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> Despite the rise of evil individuals like Haman, God's sovereign plan is at work. Believers can trust that God is in control, even when circumstances seem dire. <a href="/topical/h/historical_enmity_and_spiritual_warfare.htm">Historical Enmity and Spiritual Warfare</a> The historical enmity between the Amalekites and Israelites serves as a reminder of the spiritual battles believers face. We must remain vigilant and rely on God's strength. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_authority.htm">The Role of Authority</a> The elevation of Haman by King Xerxes shows the impact of authority figures' decisions. It encourages believers to pray for leaders and seek godly wisdom in positions of influence.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_esther_3.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Esther 3</a> <a href="/q/is_haman's_authority_credible_historically.htm">Esther 3:1 – How credible is it that Haman held such high authority when no historical documents outside the Bible mention him? </a> <a href="/q/who_was_haman_in_the_bible.htm">Who was Haman the Agagite in biblical history?</a> <a href="/q/extra-biblical_proof_of_bowing_edict.htm">Esther 3:2–3 – Are there any extra-biblical records confirming that an edict required all palace officials to bow to one man? </a> <a href="/q/evidence_for_haman's_role_in_persia.htm">Esther 7:5–6 – Is there archaeological or extra-biblical evidence to confirm the existence and high position of Haman in the Persian Empire? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/esther/3.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>III.(1) Haman . . . the Agagite.--Nothing appears to be known of Haman save from this book. His name, as well as that of his father and his sons, is Persian; and it is thus difficult to see the meaning of the name Agagite. which has generally been assumed to imply descent from Agag, king of the Amalekites, with whom the name Agag may have been dynastic (<a href="/numbers/24-7.htm" title="He shall pour the water out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in many waters, and his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted.">Numbers 24:7</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/15-8.htm" title="And he took Agag the king of the Amalekites alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword.">1Samuel 15:8</a>). Thus Josephus (Ant. xi. 6. 5) and the Chaldee Targum call him an Amalekite. But apart from the difficulty of the name being Persian, it is hard to see how, after the wholesale destruction of Amalek recorded in 1 Samuel 15, any members should have been left of the kingly family, maintaining a distinct tribal name for so many centuries. In one of the Greek Apocryphal additions to Esther (after <a href="/esther/9-24.htm" title="Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;">Esther 9:24</a>) Haman is called a Macedonian.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/esther/3.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 1. - After these things. Probably some years after - about B.C. 476 or 475. Haman, the son of Hammedatha. "Haman" is perhaps Umanish, the Persian equivalent of the Greek Eumenes. "Hammedatha" has been explained as "given by the moon" (Mahadata), the initial h being regarded as the Hebrew article. But this mixture of languages is not probable. The Agagite. The Septuagint has Βουγαῖος, "the Bugaean." Both terms are equally inexplicable, with our present knowledge; but most probably the term used was a local one, marking the place of Haman's birth or bringing up. A reference to descent from the Amalekite king Agag (Joseph., 'Ant. Jud.,' 11:6, § 5) is scarcely possible. <a href="/commentaries/esther/3-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>After אַחַ֣ר ׀ (’a·ḥar) Adverb <a href="/hebrew/strongs_310.htm">Strong's 310: </a> The hind or following part these הָאֵ֗לֶּה (hā·’êl·leh) Article | Pronoun - common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> These, those events, הַדְּבָרִ֣ים (had·də·ḇā·rîm) Article | Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1697.htm">Strong's 1697: </a> A word, a matter, thing, a cause King הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king Xerxes אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ (’ă·ḥaš·wê·rō·wōš) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_325.htm">Strong's 325: </a> Ahasuerus -- king of Persia honored גִּדַּל֩ (gid·dal) Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1431.htm">Strong's 1431: </a> To grow up, become great Haman הָמָ֧ן (hā·mān) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2001.htm">Strong's 2001: </a> Haman -- to rage, be turbulent son בֶּֽן־ (ben-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son of Hammedatha, הַמְּדָ֛תָא (ham·mə·ḏā·ṯā) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4099.htm">Strong's 4099: </a> Hammedatha including the article the Agagite, הָאֲגָגִ֖י (hā·’ă·ḡā·ḡî) Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_91.htm">Strong's 91: </a> Agagite -- a descriptive term for Haman elevating him וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּ (way·naś·śə·’ê·hū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5375.htm">Strong's 5375: </a> To lift, carry, take to a position כִּסְא֔וֹ (kis·’ōw) Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3678.htm">Strong's 3678: </a> Seat of honor, throne above מֵעַ֕ל (mê·‘al) Preposition-m <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against all כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every the princes הַשָּׂרִ֖ים (haś·śā·rîm) Article | Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8269.htm">Strong's 8269: </a> Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince who אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that [were] with him. אִתּֽוֹ׃ (’it·tōw) Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_854.htm">Strong's 854: </a> Nearness, near, with, by, at, among <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/esther/3-1.htm">Esther 3:1 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">OT History: Esther 3:1 After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman (Est Esth. Es) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/esther/2-23.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Esther 2:23"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Esther 2:23" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/esther/3-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Esther 3:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Esther 3:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>