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Teleplay - Wikipedia
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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Television_play" title="Television play">Television play</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Screenplay for a television program or series</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Teleplay" title="Special:EditPage/Teleplay">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Teleplay%22">"Teleplay"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Teleplay%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Teleplay%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Teleplay%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Teleplay%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Teleplay%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>teleplay</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">screenplay</a> or script used in the production of a <a href="/wiki/Scripted_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Scripted television">scripted television</a> program or series. In general usage, the term is most commonly seen in reference to a standalone production, such as a <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">television film</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Television_play" title="Television play">television play</a>, or an episode of an <a href="/wiki/Anthology_series" title="Anthology series">anthology series</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In internal industry usage, however, all television scripts (including episodes of ongoing drama or comedy series) are teleplays, although a "teleplay by" credit may be classified into a "written by" credit depending on the circumstances of its creation.<sup id="cite_ref-wga_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term first surfaced during the 1950s, as television was gaining cultural significance, to distinguish teleplays from <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">stage plays</a> written for <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">screenplays</a> written for films. All three have different formats, conventions, and constraints. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to current <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America" title="Writers Guild of America">Writers Guild of America</a> guidelines, a television script consists of two distinct parts: "story" and "teleplay". The story comprises "basic narrative, idea, theme or outline indicating character development and action", while the teleplay consists of "individual scenes and full <a href="/wiki/Dialogue" title="Dialogue">dialogue</a> or <a href="/wiki/Monologue" title="Monologue">monologue</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">narration</a> in connection therewith), and camera set-ups, if required".<sup id="cite_ref-wga_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simply put, the script distinguishes the contribution of ideas toward the story from the actual writing of the dialogue and stage directions present on the page in the finished product. </p><p>Accordingly, story and teleplay will appear as distinct credits on a television script if different people played those roles in the script's creation; if the same person or people performed both roles equally (unless they also worked on the concept with one or more people not directly involved in writing the script or developing the story concept), then the story and teleplay credits will not be used and instead a merged "written by" credit will be given.<sup id="cite_ref-wga_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a "written by" credit may be given to at most only three people; if more than three people were involved, then the credits <i>must</i> distinguish those who were "story" contributors from those who were "teleplay" contributors.<sup id="cite_ref-wga_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wga-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Format_and_style">Format and style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Format and style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The format is structured like a traditional screenplay, but it varies with what type of television show the script is written for. It distinguishes interchangeably between a <a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">sitcom</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">drama</a> series with how the production of the two takes place. Two types of productions being the <a href="/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup" title="Multiple-camera setup">multi-camera</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Single-camera_setup" title="Single-camera setup">single-camera</a> teleplay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multi-camera_teleplay">Multi-camera teleplay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Multi-camera teleplay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shows that use multi-camera teleplays are typically filmed in front of a <a href="/wiki/Live_studio_audience" class="mw-redirect" title="Live studio audience">live studio audience</a>. Guidelines for these scripts include making all dialogue <a href="/wiki/Double-spaced" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-spaced">double-spaced</a>, stage directions being printed in <a href="/wiki/All_caps" title="All caps">all-caps</a>, and making all the scenes numbered on the top of each page. Unlike in film screenplays where one page can translate to one minute, a page on a teleplay translates to 30 seconds of screen time.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other guidelines include starting each new scene on a new page, as well as making sure each scene includes a list of characters who will appear in a particular scene.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcoms</a> are traditionally filmed using a multi-camera setup. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Single-camera_teleplay">Single-camera teleplay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Single-camera teleplay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The format of single-camera scripts are written in a "cinematic-style"<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> similar to a film screenplay. The format is written with the dialogue single-spaced, and the stage directions printed in lowercase. But, like Multi-Camera Teleplays, there are act breaks that start a new scene in the next page.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Run-time">Run-time</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Run-time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The length or run-time of a show varies for what type of production the script is writing for. Usually, a teleplay can run for 22 minutes or 45 minutes with extra time due to commercials. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the hour-long TV anthology drama shows of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Television" title="Golden Age of Television">Golden Age of Television</a>, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_United_States_Steel_Hour" title="The United States Steel Hour">The United States Steel Hour</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Television_Playhouse" title="Goodyear Television Playhouse">The Goodyear Television Playhouse</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Philco_Television_Playhouse" title="The Philco Television Playhouse">The Philco Television Playhouse</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Alcoa_Hour" title="The Alcoa Hour">The Alcoa Hour</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Circle_Theatre" title="Armstrong Circle Theatre">Armstrong Circle Theatre</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Studio_One_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Studio One (U.S. TV series)">Studio One</a></i>, productions often were <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">telecast</a> live from studios with limited <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_scenery" title="Theatrical scenery">scenery</a> and other constraints similar to theatrical presentations. These constraints made a teleplay quite different from a screenplay. </p><p>However, television dramatists, such as <a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/JP_Miller" title="JP Miller">JP Miller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tad_Mosel" title="Tad Mosel">Tad Mosel</a>, turned such limitations to their advantage by writing television plays with intimate situations and family conflicts characterized by naturalistic, <a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">slice of life</a> dialogue. When seen live, such productions had a real-time quality not found in films (shot out of sequence), yet they employed tight close-ups, low-key acting and other elements not found in stage productions. For many viewers, this was equivalent to seeing live theater in their living rooms, an effect enhanced when television plays expanded from 60-minute time slots to a 90-minute series with the introduction of <i><a href="/wiki/Playhouse_90" title="Playhouse 90">Playhouse 90</a></i> in the late 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-rod_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rod-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Notable examples: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedian_(1957_TV_drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Comedian (1957 TV drama)">The Comedian</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Wine_and_Roses_(1958_TV_drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Days of Wine and Roses (1958 TV drama)">Days of Wine and Roses</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Playhouse_90" title="Playhouse 90">Playhouse 90</a></i> (1956–1960)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_drama" title="Radio drama">Radio drama</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teleplay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wcftr.commarts.wisc.edu/exhibits/golden-age-television/tele-playwrights">"The Tele-Playwrights"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Center_for_Film_and_Theater_Research" title="Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research">Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wga-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wga_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wga_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wga_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wga_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wgaeast.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/tvcredits_manual10.pdf"><i>Television Credits Manual</i></a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America" title="Writers Guild of America">Writers Guild of America</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.finaldraft.com/learn/screenplay-stageplay-teleplay-whats-difference/">"Difference Between Screenplay, Teleplay, Stage Play - What's the Difference?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Difference+Between+Screenplay%2C+Teleplay%2C+Stage+Play+-+What%27s+the+Difference%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.finaldraft.com%2Flearn%2Fscreenplay-stageplay-teleplay-whats-difference%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeleplay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasterClass_staff2021" class="citation web cs1">MasterClass staff (August 30, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-a-teleplay-a-guide-to-understanding-the-tv-script-format#what-is-the-difference-between-a-teleplay-and-a-script-screenplay-or-stage-play">"What Is a Teleplay? A Guide to Understanding the TV Script Format"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+a+Teleplay%3F+A+Guide+to+Understanding+the+TV+Script+Format&rft.date=2021-08-30&rft.au=MasterClass+staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.masterclass.com%2Farticles%2Fwhat-is-a-teleplay-a-guide-to-understanding-the-tv-script-format%23what-is-the-difference-between-a-teleplay-and-a-script-screenplay-or-stage-play&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeleplay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse" class="citation web cs1">House, Diane. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.movieoutline.com/articles/television-script-format.html">"Television Script Format"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Script+Format&rft.aulast=House&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.movieoutline.com%2Farticles%2Ftelevision-script-format.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeleplay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rod-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rod_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rodserling.com/introduction-to-the-1957-bantam-paperback-patterns/">Serling, Rod. "Writing for Television," <i>Patterns</i>. New York: Bantam, 1957.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐f8tvw Cached time: 20241122160154 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.243 seconds Real time usage: 0.341 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 527/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14433/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 581/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15402/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.155/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4328048/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 311.455 1 -total 32.50% 101.233 1 Template:Reflist 27.31% 85.066 3 Template:Cite_web 22.68% 70.648 1 Template:Short_description 22.55% 70.221 1 Template:Refimprove 19.78% 61.617 1 Template:Ambox 12.47% 38.843 1 Template:Distinguish 9.91% 30.872 2 Template:Pagetype 8.40% 26.175 3 Template:Main_other 7.63% 23.774 1 Template:Authority_control --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:84091-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122160154 and revision id 1250365211. 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