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mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principale</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazione </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principale" title="Visita la pagina principale [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Pagina principale</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:UltimeModifiche" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche del sito [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ultime modifiche</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PaginaCasuale" title="Mostra una pagina a caso [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una voce a caso</span></a></li><li id="n-nearby-pages-title" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:NelleVicinanze"><span>Nelle vicinanze</span></a></li><li id="n-vetrina" class="mw-list-item"><a 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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Leucina" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Leucina" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Struttura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struttura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Struttura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Struttura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L-leucina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L-leucina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>L-leucina</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-L-leucina-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione L-leucina</span> </button> <ul id="toc-L-leucina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biosintesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosintesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Biosintesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosintesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metabolismo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metabolismo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Metabolismo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metabolismo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilizzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Utilizzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilizzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sintesi_proteica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sintesi_proteica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Sintesi proteica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sintesi_proteica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Integratore_alimentare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Integratore_alimentare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Integratore alimentare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Integratore_alimentare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additivo_alimentare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additivo_alimentare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Additivo alimentare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additivo_alimentare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-D-leucina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#D-leucina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>D-leucina</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-D-leucina-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione D-leucina</span> </button> <ul id="toc-D-leucina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sintesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sintesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sintesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sintesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilizzi_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizzi_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Utilizzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilizzi_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abbondanza_negli_alimenti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abbondanza_negli_alimenti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Abbondanza negli alimenti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abbondanza_negli_alimenti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leucina</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 62 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ليوسين - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليوسين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87)" title="لوسین (اسید آمینه) - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوسین (اسید آمینه)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Лейцын - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лейцын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Левцин - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Левцин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucina" title="Leucina - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leucina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Λευκίνη - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λευκίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine" title="Leucine - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Leucine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%ADcino" title="Leŭcino - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leŭcino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucina" title="Leucina - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leucina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leutsiin" title="Leutsiin - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leutsiin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuzina" title="Leuzina - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Leuzina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87)" title="لوسین (اسید آمینه) - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوسین (اسید آمینه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leusiini" title="Leusiini - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leusiini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine" title="Leucine - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leucine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leoic%C3%ADn" title="Leoicín - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leoicín" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucina" title="Leucina - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Leucina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9F" title="לאוצין - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לאוצין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="ल्यूसिन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ल्यूसिन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Լեյցին - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեյցին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leusina" title="Leusina - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Leusina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3" title="ロイシン - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロイシン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A5%98%EC%8B%A0" title="류신 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="류신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leus%C3%AEn" title="Leusîn - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Leusîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucinum" title="Leucinum - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Leucinum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucinas" title="Leucinas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Leucinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leic%C4%ABns" title="Leicīns - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Leicīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Леуцин - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Леуцин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Лейцин - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Лейцин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leusina" title="Leusina - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Leusina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine" title="Leucine - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leucine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leusin" title="Leusin - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leusin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucina" title="Leucina - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Leucina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucyna" title="Leucyna - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Leucyna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucina" title="Leucina - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leucina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin%C4%83" title="Leucină - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Leucină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Лейцин - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лейцин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liucina" title="Liucina - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Liucina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuc%C3%ADn" title="Leucín - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Leucín" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levcin" title="Levcin - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Levcin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leusin" title="Leusin - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Leusin" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="லியூசின் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லியூசின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="ลิวซีน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลิวซีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6sin" title="Lösin - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lösin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Лейцин - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лейцин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leytsin" title="Leytsin - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Leytsin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine" title="Leucine - fiammingo occidentale" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Leucine" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="fiammingo occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%AE%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="亮氨酸 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亮氨酸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%AE%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="亮氨酸 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亮氨酸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Leucin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%AE%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="亮氨酸 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亮氨酸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483745#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leucina" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Leucina" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leucina"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leucina"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Leucina" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Leucina" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&oldid=143304220" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Leucina&id=143304220&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeucina"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeucina"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Leucina"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Leucina&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:L-Leucine" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483745" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143074810">.mw-parser-output .sinottico{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;border-spacing:0;clear:right;float:right;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em;margin:0 0 1em 1.5em;width:280px}.mw-parser-output .sinottico caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){background-color:#f3f3f3;border-right:1px solid #e5e5e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th{border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){padding:.25em .4em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td>hr:only-child{margin:0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico ul{margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata{border-spacing:0;margin:0 -.4em;width:calc(100% + calc(.4em*2))}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child{margin-bottom:-.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>th{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione+.sinottico_divisione>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata+.sinottico_divisione>th{border-top:2px solid #f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione th{background-color:#eeeeee;padding:.15em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede{text-align:center;font-size:90%;background:#EFEFEF}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede2{background-color:white;font-size:xx-small;padding-bottom:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_sottotitolo{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata th{background-color:#dedede;font-size:116%;padding:.2em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testo_centrale{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width:300px;"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AADDFF;">Leucina</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="formula di struttura"><img alt="formula di struttura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/200px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/300px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/400px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="121" /></a><figcaption>formula di struttura</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Nome <a href="/wiki/Unione_internazionale_di_chimica_pura_e_applicata" title="Unione internazionale di chimica pura e applicata">IUPAC</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2">Acido 2-ammino-4-metilpentanoico </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Abbreviazioni</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><b>L</b> <p><b>LEU</b> </p> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Nomi alternativi</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2">Leucina </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Caratteristiche generali</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Formula_bruta" title="Formula bruta">Formula bruta</a> o <a href="/wiki/Formula_molecolare" title="Formula molecolare">molecolare</a></th><td>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Massa_molecolare" title="Massa molecolare">Massa molecolare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_massa_atomica" title="Unità di massa atomica">u</a>)</th><td>131,18 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Colore" title="Colore">Aspetto</a></th><td>solido cristallino biancastro </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_CAS" title="Numero CAS">Numero CAS</a></th><td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=it&cas=61-90-5">61-90-5</a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_EINECS" title="Numero EINECS">Numero EINECS</a></th><td>200-522-0 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6106">6106</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DBDB00149">DBDB00149</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/SMILES" title="SMILES">SMILES</a></th><td><div style="word-break: break-all;"><code style="background-color:transparent; border:none">CC(C)CC(C(=O)O)N</code></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Proprietà chimico-fisiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Costante_di_dissociazione_acida" title="Costante di dissociazione acida">Costante di dissociazione acida</a> a 293 K</th><td>pK<sub>1</sub>: 2,33<br /> <p>pK<sub>2</sub>: 9,74 </p> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_isoelettrico" title="Punto isoelettrico">Punto isoelettrico</a></th><td>6,01 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Solubilit%C3%A0" title="Solubilità">Solubilità</a> in <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a></th><td>24 g/l a 293 K </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Temperatura_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperatura di fusione">Temperatura di fusione</a></th><td>300 °C (573 K) con decomposizione </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Proprietà termochimiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Entalpia_standard_di_formazione" title="Entalpia standard di formazione">Δ<sub>f</sub>H<sup>0</sup></a> (kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>)</th><td>−637,4 </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Indicazioni di sicurezza</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_H" class="mw-redirect" title="Frasi H">Frasi H</a></th><td>--- </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Consigli_P" title="Consigli P">Consigli P</a></th><td>---<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483745" class="extiw" title="d:Q483745"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Leucina su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Composto_chimico/man" title="Template:Composto chimico/man"><span title="Manuale del template Composto chimico">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>leucina</b> è un <a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amminoacidi">amminoacido</a> utilizzato dagli esseri viventi per la <a href="/wiki/Sintesi_proteica" title="Sintesi proteica">sintesi delle proteine</a>. Viene indicato comunemente con le sigle <b>L</b> o <b>Leu</b> ed è <a href="/wiki/Codice_genetico" title="Codice genetico">codificato</a> sull'<a href="/wiki/RNA_messaggero" title="RNA messaggero">RNA messaggero</a> dai <a href="/wiki/Codone" title="Codone">codoni</a> CUU, CUG, CUC, CUA, UUA e UUG. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 1819, il chimico e farmacista francese <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Louis_Proust" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Louis Proust">Joseph Louis Proust</a> riuscì a isolare due sostanze a base di farina di frumento, che chiamò "acido caseico" e "ossido caseoso".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un anno dopo, <a href="/wiki/Henri_Braconnot" title="Henri Braconnot">Henri Braconnot</a> isolò una nuova sostanza, apparentemente per idrolisi acida delle <a href="/wiki/Fibre_muscolari" class="mw-redirect" title="Fibre muscolari">fibre muscolari</a> e della lana, e la chiamò Leucins a causa del colore bianco dei cristalli.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduard_Mulder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduard Mulder (la pagina non esiste)">Eduard Mulder</a> nel 1839 riconobbe l'identità dei due corpi e ne discusse la possibile composizione.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ma fu solo nel 1891 che il chimico tedesco Ernst Schulze e il suo dottorando Arthur Likiernik riuscirono a descrivere adeguatamente la composizione della L-leucina.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struttura">Struttura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Struttura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Struttura"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La leucina, come tutti gli amminoacidi, è composta da un <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_amminico" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruppo amminico">gruppo amminico</a> (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/45f55f89d98655b98d04e2afe2ca14c7a4bdb493" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.349ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}"></span>) e da uno <a href="/wiki/Acidi_carbossilici" title="Acidi carbossilici">carbossilico</a> (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mtext>COOH</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6a189021951b72ae494c3a64ce3ead4c58c5e94a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:8.846ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}"></span>). La catena laterale è <a href="/wiki/Composti_alifatici" title="Composti alifatici">alifatica</a> e ramificata (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-CH2-CH-(CH3)2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>CH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-CH2-CH-(CH3)2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4f4b44a1dc9c97772ca0a58f340b9ece43114eaa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:20.66ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-CH2-CH-(CH3)2}}}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Sostituente" title="Sostituente">sostituente</a> chiamato <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isobutile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isobutile (la pagina non esiste)">isobutile</a>), il che rende la molecola <a href="/wiki/Polarit%C3%A0" title="Polarità">apolare</a>. Siccome la molecola presenta un gruppo a carattere <a href="/wiki/Base_(chimica)" title="Base (chimica)">basico</a> (quello amminico) ed uno a carattere <a href="/wiki/Acido" title="Acido">acido</a> (quello <a href="/wiki/Acidi_carbossilici" title="Acidi carbossilici">carbossilico</a>), viene definita <a href="/wiki/Anfotero" title="Anfotero">anfotera</a> in quanto può mostrare entrambi i comportamenti a seconda del <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a>. </p><p>Il <a href="/wiki/Punto_isoelettrico" title="Punto isoelettrico">punto isoelettrico</a> della leucina, ossia il valore di pH in cui l'amminoacido si dissocia nella sua parte acida (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COO-}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mtext>COO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-COO-}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/496496f605cbeb87eb515ba3bce3847509ca6654" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:8.613ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COO-}}}"></span>) e si protona nella sua parte basica (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH3+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH3+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d20f0bdadc7ed49f05580e2045857b611becc08c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.805ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH3+}}}"></span>), è 6,01. Questo valore lo si ottiene dalla media tra la <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_dissociazione_acida" title="Costante di dissociazione acida">costante di dissociazione acida</a> e quella <a href="/wiki/Costante_di_dissociazione_basica" title="Costante di dissociazione basica">basica</a>. L'amminoacido così dissociato viene definito <a href="/wiki/Zwitterione" title="Zwitterione">zwitterione</a>, il quale presenta cariche negative e positive in uguali quantità e dunque, carica globale neutra. Questa proprietà impedisce ad uno <a href="/wiki/Zwitterione" title="Zwitterione">zwitterione</a> di subire una <a href="/wiki/Elettroforesi" title="Elettroforesi">migrazione elettroforetica</a>. </p><p>Siccome al carbonio 2, chiamato anche carbonio α, sono legati 4 sostituenti differenti (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-H}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mtext>H</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-H}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/51fae9b82d7452dc1dbace378bf553606055c9a5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:3.551ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-H}}}"></span>, isobutile, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/45f55f89d98655b98d04e2afe2ca14c7a4bdb493" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.349ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-NH2}}}"></span> e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mtext>COOH</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6a189021951b72ae494c3a64ce3ead4c58c5e94a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:8.846ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {-COOH}}}"></span>), viene identificato in quest'ultimo uno <a href="/wiki/Elemento_stereogenico" title="Elemento stereogenico">stereocentro</a>. A seconda di come sono orientati tridimensionalmente questi sostituenti, possono identificarsi 2 <a href="/wiki/Enantiomero" title="Enantiomero">enantiomeri</a>: l'acido 2(<i>S</i>)-ammino-3-metilpentanoico e l'acido 2(<i>R</i>)-ammino-3-metilpentanoico. Queste due molecole hanno <a href="/wiki/Potere_rotatorio" title="Potere rotatorio">attività ottica</a> e quindi si possono distinguere l'L-leucina come la D-leucina. </p><p> Con il nome "leucina" si intendono in genere le <a href="/wiki/Racemo_(chimica)" title="Racemo (chimica)">miscele racemiche</a>.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Struttura dell'L-leucina"><img alt="Struttura dell'L-leucina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/200px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/300px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg/400px-L-Leucin_-_L-Leucine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="121" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Struttura dell'L-leucina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-Leucine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Struttura della D-leucina"><img alt="Struttura della D-leucina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/D-Leucine.svg/200px-D-Leucine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/D-Leucine.svg/300px-D-Leucine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/D-Leucine.svg/400px-D-Leucine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="126" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Struttura della D-leucina</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L-leucina">L-leucina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione L-leucina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: L-leucina"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'enantiomero L della valina è quello utilizzato dagli esseri viventi come <a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi_proteinogenici" title="Amminoacidi proteinogenici">mattoncino per costruire le proteine</a>. Non è sintetizzato nel nostro organismo, per cui rientra in quella categoria di amminoacidi <i>essenziali</i> da introdurre con la dieta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biosintesi">Biosintesi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Biosintesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Biosintesi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Piante</a> e <a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">microrganismi</a> sintetizzano la leucina dall'<a href="/wiki/Acido_piruvico" title="Acido piruvico">acido piruvico</a>. La sintesi dell'amminoacido <a href="/wiki/Valina" title="Valina">valina</a> è compresa nella parte iniziale di questa via.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metabolismo">Metabolismo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Metabolismo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Metabolismo"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il metabolismo della leucina si verifica in molti tessuti del corpo umano; tuttavia, la maggior parte della leucina alimentare viene metabolizzata all'interno del <a href="/wiki/Fegato" title="Fegato">fegato</a>, del <a href="/wiki/Tessuto_adiposo" title="Tessuto adiposo">tessuto adiposo</a> e del <a href="/wiki/Tessuto_muscolare" title="Tessuto muscolare">tessuto muscolare</a>. </p><p>Negli individui sani, circa il 60% della leucina introdotta con la dieta viene metabolizzata ad <a href="/wiki/Acetil-coenzima_A" title="Acetil-coenzima A">acetil-CoA</a> e, in minima parte, anche in <a href="/wiki/Acido_3-idrossi-3-metilbutirrico" title="Acido 3-idrossi-3-metilbutirrico">acido β-idrossi β-metilbutirrico</a> (HMB). L'acetil-CoA così prodotto viene successivamente utilizzato nella sintesi di altri composti.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il metabolismo della L-leucina è catalizzato principalmente dagli enzimi aminotransferasici che lavorano sugli aminoacidi a catena alifatica ramificata.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il primo intermedio è l'α-chetoacido corrispondente, ossia l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-chetoisocaproato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-chetoisocaproato (la pagina non esiste)">α-chetoisocaproato</a>: questo viene poi metabolizzato dall'enzima mitocondriale <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-chetoacido_deidrogenasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-chetoacido deidrogenasi (la pagina non esiste)">α-chetoacido deidrogenasi</a>, che lo converte in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isovaleril-CoA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isovaleril-CoA (la pagina non esiste)">isovaleril-CoA</a>. L'isovaleril-CoA viene successivamente metabolizzato dall'<a href="/wiki/Isovaleril-CoA_deidrogenasi" title="Isovaleril-CoA deidrogenasi">isovaleril-CoA deidrogenasi</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilcrotonil-CoA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilcrotonil-CoA (la pagina non esiste)">metilcrotonil-CoA</a>, che viene utilizzato nella sintesi dell'acetil-CoA e di altri composti.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Durante la carenza di biotina, la sintesi dell'acetil-CoA subisce un rallentamento e inizia a prevalere la reazione di sintesi dell'HMB. Metilcrotonil-CoA tramite <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enoil-CoA_idratasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enoil-CoA idratasi (la pagina non esiste)">enoil-CoA idratasi</a> e un enzima tioesterasi sconosciuto,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> viene convertito in HMB-CoA e successivamente in HMB.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Una quantità relativamente piccola di α-chetoisocaproato viene metabolizzata nel fegato dall'enzima <a href="/wiki/4-idrossifenilpiruvato_diossigenasi" title="4-idrossifenilpiruvato diossigenasi">4-idrossifenilpiruvato diossigenasi</a> in HMB.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Negli individui sani, questa via è la via predominante per la sintesi di HMB. </p><p>Una piccola frazione del metabolismo della leucina (meno del 5% in tutti i tessuti tranne che nei testicoli dove rappresenta circa il 33%) è inizialmente catalizzata dalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina_aminomutasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leucina aminomutasi (la pagina non esiste)">leucina aminomutasi</a>, che produce <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-leucina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-leucina (la pagina non esiste)">β-leucina</a>, che viene successivamente metabolizzata in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-chetoisocaproato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-chetoisocaproato (la pagina non esiste)">β-chetoisocaproato</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-chetoisocaproil-CoA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-chetoisocaproil-CoA (la pagina non esiste)">β-chetoisocaproil-CoA</a>, e poi acetil-CoA da una serie di enzimi non caratterizzati.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilizzi">Utilizzi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Utilizzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizzi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sintesi_proteica">Sintesi proteica</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Sintesi proteica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Sintesi proteica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La funzione principale dell'L-leucina è quella di essere un precursore della <a href="/wiki/Sintesi_proteica" title="Sintesi proteica">sintesi proteica</a>. Ha la capacità di stimolare direttamente la sintesi proteica muscolare miofibrillare.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Questo effetto della leucina deriva dal suo ruolo di attivatore dell'enzima <a href="/wiki/MTOR" title="MTOR">mTOR</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una proteina che regola la biosintesi delle proteine e la crescita cellulare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Integratore_alimentare">Integratore alimentare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Integratore alimentare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Integratore alimentare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Come integratore alimentare, è stato scoperto che la leucina rallenta la degradazione del tessuto muscolare aumentando la sintesi delle proteine muscolari nei <a href="/wiki/Rattus" title="Rattus">ratti</a> anziani.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tuttavia, i risultati degli studi comparativi sono contrastanti. La supplementazione di leucina a lungo termine non aumenta la massa muscolare o la forza negli uomini anziani sani.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sono necessari più studi, preferibilmente basati su un campione oggettivo e casuale della società. Fattori come le scelte di stile di vita, l'età, il sesso, la dieta, l'esercizio fisico, ecc. devono essere presi in considerazione nelle analisi per isolare gli effetti della leucina supplementare da sola o se assunta con altri aminoacidi a catena ramificata (BCAA). Fino ad allora, l'integrazione alimentare di leucina non può essere associata come la ragione principale per la crescita muscolare o il mantenimento ottimale per l'intera popolazione. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Additivo_alimentare">Additivo alimentare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Additivo alimentare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Additivo alimentare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La L-leucina ha il numero E degli <a href="/wiki/Additivo_alimentare" title="Additivo alimentare">additivi alimentari</a> E641 ed è classificata come esaltatore di sapidità. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="D-leucina">D-leucina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione D-leucina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: D-leucina"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli enantiomeri D degli amminoacidi a catena ramificata (D-BCAA) come la D-leucina, la D-isoleucina e la D-valina sono noti per essere gli intermedi di antibiotici peptidici.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La D-leucina non è inserito nelle proteine di alcun essere vivente e viene dunque classificato come <a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi_non_proteinogenici" title="Amminoacidi non proteinogenici">amminoacido non proteinogenico</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sintesi">Sintesi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Sintesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Sintesi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La D-leucina viene sintetizzata tramite l'amminazione enantioselettiva NADPHdipendente. Questa reazione, catalizzata nella sua prima fase dall'enzima <a href="/wiki/D-amminoacido_deidrogenasi" title="D-amminoacido deidrogenasi">D-amminoacido deidrogenasi</a> e nella seconda fase dalla <a href="/wiki/Glucosio_deidrogenasi_(accettore)" title="Glucosio deidrogenasi (accettore)">glucosio deidrogenasi</a>, consuma 2 <a href="/wiki/Ossiacidi" title="Ossiacidi">ossiacidi</a> a favore della formazione degli amminoacidi D, consumando come fonte energetica il NADPH.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilizzi_2">Utilizzi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Utilizzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizzi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sia la L-leucina che la D-leucina proteggono i topi dalle convulsioni.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La D-leucina interrompe anche le crisi nei topi dopo l'inizio dell'attività convulsiva, almeno con la stessa efficacia del <a href="/wiki/Diazepam" title="Diazepam">diazepam</a> e senza effetti sedativi.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La ridotta assunzione alimentare di L-leucina promuove l'adiposità nei topi.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alti livelli ematici di leucina sono associati all'insulino-resistenza nell'uomo, nei topi e nei roditori.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ciò potrebbe essere dovuto all'effetto della leucina di stimolare la segnalazione di mTOR.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La restrizione dietetica della leucina e degli altri BCAA può invertire l'obesità indotta dalla dieta nei topi wild-type aumentando il dispendio energetico e può limitare l'aumento di massa grassa dei ratti iperfagici.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abbondanza_negli_alimenti">Abbondanza negli alimenti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Abbondanza negli alimenti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Abbondanza negli alimenti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siccome tutti gli alimenti contengono leucina, poiché tutti gli alimenti contengono proteine, di seguito è indicata l'abbondanza solo in alcuni di essi:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Alimento </th> <th>Dose (g/100 g di proteine) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Albume d'uovo </td> <td>7,358 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Proteine isolate della soia </td> <td>6,783 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carne di foca </td> <td>6,386 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carne di <a href="/wiki/Delphinapterus_leucas" title="Delphinapterus leucas">beluga</a> </td> <td>5,778 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Merluzzo </td> <td>5,106 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alga <a href="/wiki/Spirulina" title="Spirulina">spirulina</a> essiccata </td> <td>4,947 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Farina di soia </td> <td>4,110 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parmigiano </td> <td>4,013 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Semi di sesamo </td> <td>3,841 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Semi di girasole </td> <td>3,500 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">scheda della leucina su <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gestis-en.itrust.de">IFA-GESTIS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191016183546/http://gestis-en.itrust.de/">Archiviato</a> il 16 ottobre 2019 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">L. J. Proust, Sur le Principe qui assaisonne les Fromages., Ann Chim Phys, Band 10, S. 29ff (1819)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">H: Braconnot, Memoire sur un Principe particulier aux graines de la famillie des légumineuses, et analyse des pois et des haricots., Ann Chim Phys, Band 34, S. 68ff (1820)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">S. Hansen: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arginium.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Aminosäuren-Entdeckungsgeschichte.pdf">Die Entdeckung der proteinogenen Aminosäuren von 1805 in Paris bis 1935 in Illinois.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191029112834/http://www.arginium.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Aminos%25C3%25A4uren-Entdeckungsgeschichte.pdf">Archiviato</a> il 29 ottobre 2019 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</i> Berlin 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">E. Schulze, A. Likernik, Über die Constitution des Leucins, Ber Deutschen Chem Ges, Band 24, S. 669ff (1891)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> David L. Nelson e Michael M. Cox, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42619569"><span style="font-style:italic;">Lehninger principles of biochemistry.</span></a>, 3rd ed., Worth Publishers, 2000, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1-57259-153-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/1-57259-153-6">1-57259-153-6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/42619569">42619569</a>. <small>URL consultato il 6 settembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Nelo Eidy Zanchi, Frederico Gerlinger-Romero e Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-010-0678-0"><span style="font-style:italic;">HMB supplementation: clinical and athletic performance-related effects and mechanisms of action</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Amino Acids</span>, vol. 40, n. 4, 1º aprile 2011, pp. 1015–1025, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00726-010-0678-0">10.1007/s00726-010-0678-0</a>. <small>URL consultato il 6 settembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-2">c</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-3">d</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-4">e</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Martin Kohlmeier, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/870332604"><span style="font-style:italic;">Nutrient Metabolism</span></a>, 2nd ed, Academic Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-387784-0" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-387784-0">978-0-12-387784-0</a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/870332604">870332604</a>. <small>URL consultato il 6 settembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?rn:R10759"><span style="font-style:italic;">KEGG REACTION: R10759</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">genome.jp</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 settembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Donald M. Mock, Shawna L. Stratton e Thomas D. Horvath, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/141/11/1925/4630490"><span style="font-style:italic;">Urinary Excretion of 3-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid and 3-Hydroxyisovaleryl Carnitine Increases in Response to a Leucine Challenge in Marginally Biotin-Deficient Humans</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Mark R. Etzel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/134/4/996S/4757183"><span style="font-style:italic;">Manufacture and Use of Dairy Protein Fractions</span></a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) D. 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Cummings, Elizabeth M. Williams e Ildiko Kasza, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/JP275075"><span style="font-style:italic;">Restoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched-chain amino acids</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Journal of Physiology</span>, vol. 596, n. 4, 2018, pp. 623–645, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1113%2FJP275075">10.1113/JP275075</a>. <small>URL consultato il 6 settembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403171801/https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/?component=1213"><span style="font-style:italic;">FoodData Central</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">fdc.nal.usda.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 settembre 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/?component=1213">url originale</abbr> il 3 aprile 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi_essenziali" title="Amminoacidi essenziali">Amminoacidi essenziali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acido_3-idrossi-3-metil-butirrico" class="mw-redirect" title="Acido 3-idrossi-3-metil-butirrico">Acido 3-idrossi-3-metil-butirrico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/leucina" class="extiw" title="wikt:leucina">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:L-Leucine"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:L-Leucine?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/leucina" class="extiw" title="wikt:leucina">leucina</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:L-Leucine?uselang=it">leucina</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leucina&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/leucine"><span style="font-style:italic;">leucine</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483745#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Amminoacidi"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Amminoacidi" title="Template:Amminoacidi"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Amminoacidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Amminoacidi (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Amminoacidi&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amminoacidi">Amminoacidi</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi_proteinogenici" title="Amminoacidi proteinogenici">Proteinogenici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi L-α</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acido_aspartico" title="Acido aspartico">Acido L-aspartico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_glutammico" title="Acido glutammico">Acido L-glutammico</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Alanina" title="Alanina">Alanina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Arginina" title="Arginina">Arginina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">Asparagina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Cisteina" title="Cisteina">Cisteina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Fenilalanina" title="Fenilalanina">Fenilalanina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Glicina" title="Glicina">Glicina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Glutammina" title="Glutammina">Glutammina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Isoleucina" title="Isoleucina">Isoleucina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Istidina" title="Istidina">Istidina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leucina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Lisina" title="Lisina">Lisina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Metionina" title="Metionina">Metionina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Pirrolisina" title="Pirrolisina">Pirrolisina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">Prolina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Selenocisteina" title="Selenocisteina">Selenocisteina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Serina_(chimica)" title="Serina (chimica)">Serina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Triptofano" title="Triptofano">Triptofano</a><b> ·</b> L-<a href="/wiki/Valina" title="Valina">Valina</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi_non_proteinogenici" title="Amminoacidi non proteinogenici">Non proteinogenici</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi D-α</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acido_aspartico" title="Acido aspartico">Acido D-aspartico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_glutammico" title="Acido glutammico">Acido D-glutammico</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Alanina" title="Alanina">Alanina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Arginina" title="Arginina">Arginina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Asparagina" title="Asparagina">Asparagina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Cisteina" title="Cisteina">Cisteina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Fenilalanina" title="Fenilalanina">Fenilalanina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Glutammina" title="Glutammina">Glutammina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Isoleucina" title="Isoleucina">Isoleucina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Istidina" title="Istidina">Istidina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leucina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Lisina" title="Lisina">Lisina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Metionina" title="Metionina">Metionina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Pirrolisina" title="Pirrolisina">Pirrolisina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Prolina" title="Prolina">Prolina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Selenocisteina" title="Selenocisteina">Selenocisteina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Serina_(chimica)" title="Serina (chimica)">Serina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Tirosina" title="Tirosina">Tirosina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Treonina" title="Treonina">Treonina</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Triptofano" title="Triptofano">Triptofano</a><b> ·</b> D-<a href="/wiki/Valina" title="Valina">Valina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Alliina" title="Alliina">Alliina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isoalliina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isoalliina (la pagina non esiste)">Isoalliina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi L-α</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=S-metilcisteina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S-metilcisteina (la pagina non esiste)">S-metilcisteina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=L-terzleucina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L-terzleucina (la pagina non esiste)">L-terzleucina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi α senza stereocentri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_2-amminoisobutirrico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido 2-amminoisobutirrico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido 2-amminoisobutirrico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_2-amminomuconico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido 2-amminomuconico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido 2-amminomuconico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deidroalanina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deidroalanina (la pagina non esiste)">Deidroalanina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi α con uno stereocentro</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/5-idrossitriptofano" title="5-idrossitriptofano">5-idrossitriptofano</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_%CE%B1-amminobutirrico" title="Acido α-amminobutirrico">Acido α-amminobutirrico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_carbossiglutammico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido carbossiglutammico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido carbossiglutammico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_ibotenico" title="Acido ibotenico">Acido ibotenico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_quisqualico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido quisqualico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido quisqualico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Canavanina" title="Canavanina">Canavanina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Citrullina" title="Citrullina">Citrullina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ipoglicina" title="Ipoglicina">Ipoglicina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Levodopa" class="mw-redirect" title="Levodopa">Levodopa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norleucina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norleucina (la pagina non esiste)">Norleucina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Norvalina" title="Norvalina">Norvalina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Omocisteina" title="Omocisteina">Omocisteina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ornitina" title="Ornitina">Ornitina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Penicillamina" title="Penicillamina">Penicillamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tiroxina" title="Tiroxina">Tiroxina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi α con più stereocentri</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_diaminopimelico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido diaminopimelico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido diaminopimelico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cistationina" title="Cistationina">Cistationina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cistina" title="Cistina">Cistina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lantionina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lantionina (la pagina non esiste)">Lantionina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metillantionina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metillantionina (la pagina non esiste)">Metillantionina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi α non-ammine primarie</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acido_N-metil-D-aspartico" title="Acido N-metil-D-aspartico">Acido N-metil-D-aspartico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_N-metil-L-aspartico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido N-metil-L-aspartico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido N-metil-L-aspartico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_pipecolico" title="Acido pipecolico">Acido pipecolico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carnitina" title="Carnitina">Carnitina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cicloalliina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicloalliina (la pagina non esiste)">Cicloalliina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Idrossiprolina" title="Idrossiprolina">Idrossiprolina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sarcosina" title="Sarcosina">Sarcosina</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group" style="width:125px">Amminoacidi non-α</th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-alanina" title="Β-alanina">β-alanina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-leucina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-leucina (la pagina non esiste)">β-leucina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_%CE%B2-amminobutirrico" title="Acido β-amminobutirrico">Acido β-amminobutirrico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_%CE%B3-amminobutirrico" title="Acido γ-amminobutirrico">Acido γ-amminobutirrico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_2-amminobenzoico" class="mw-redirect" title="Acido 2-amminobenzoico">Acido 2-amminobenzoico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_3-amminobenzoico" title="Acido 3-amminobenzoico">Acido 3-amminobenzoico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_4-amminobenzoico" title="Acido 4-amminobenzoico">Acido 4-amminobenzoico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_3-amminolevulinico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido 3-amminolevulinico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido 3-amminolevulinico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_5-amminolevulinico" title="Acido 5-amminolevulinico">Acido 5-amminolevulinico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Baclofene" title="Baclofene">Baclofene</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pregabalin" title="Pregabalin">Pregabalin</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid 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