CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="no-js" lang="en"> <head> <base href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/"> <script src="//archive.org/includes/athena.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',function(){var v=archive_analytics.values;v.service='wb';v.server_name='wwwb-app214.us.archive.org';v.server_ms=3559;archive_analytics.send_pageview({});});</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/","20190409180347","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1554833027"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv">  <style>.async-hide { opacity: 0 !important } </style> <script>(function (a, s, y, n, c, h, i, d, e) { s.className += ' ' + y; h.start = 1 * new Date; h.end = i = function () { s.className = s.className.replace(RegExp(' ?' + y), '') }; (a[n] = a[n] || []).hide = h; setTimeout(function () { i(); h.end = null }, c); h.timeout = c; })(window, document.documentElement, 'async-hide', 'dataLayer', 4000, {'GTM-TLLWQNT': true});</script>  <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "7741285", c3:"", c4:"www.airspacemag.com", c5:"", c6:"", c15:"" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script>  <script> function tagLinkEvent (name) { dataLayer.push({'event': name}); } </script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P2QLS3');</script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="h08eCexg5416hEJgYvjxwSi8Si0z4p4y6PtDmlZop9s"> <title> History of Flight | Air & Space Magazine</title> <meta name="robots" content="index,noodp,follow,archive"> <meta name="keywords" content=""> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/css/screen.css" media="screen, projection" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/css/print.css" media="print" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/icons/Air-Space-magazine-Icon-60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/icons/Air-Space-magazine-Icon-76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/icons/Air-Space-magazine-Icon-120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/icons/Air-Space-magazine-Icon-152.png"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="Q5AL7dOY34MIwX5dwOywtFwg-VyuwD20ubnHlgiFZEk"> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/css/airspace.css" media="screen, projection" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/ads/googletag.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/dist/js/core.min.js"> </script> <script> window.STATIC_URL = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/'; window.STATIC_VERSION = '1'; window.MOST_POPULAR_DOMAIN = 'www.airspacemag.com'; window.MOST_POPULAR_REMOVE = '| Air & Space Magazine'; </script> <script> // Google tag global settings window.GPT = { SITE: 'production', ACCOUNT: '/308522/airandspacemagazine.tmus' } </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.GPT) { return; } if (document.referrer) { var referrerMatch = document.referrer.match(/^https?:\/\/(?:[^@\/\n]+@)?(?:www\.)?([^:\/\n]+)/); if (referrerMatch) { window.GPT.referrer = referrerMatch[1]; } } if (document.referrer || window.history.length > 2) { window.GPT.initialSessionPage = false; } else { window.GPT.initialSessionPage = true; } /* Google referrer check */ if (document.referrer.match('google')) { if (window.GPT.tag) { window.GPT.tag.push('popupblock'); } else { window.GPT.tag = ['popupblock']; } } })(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/dist/js/adv.min.js"></script> <script> // STATIC_URL window.$smith = window.$smith ? window.$smith : {}; window.$smith.STATIC_URL = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/'; window.$smith.LOGO_URL = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/airspace-logo.svg'; </script> <script> window.GPT.path = '/308522/airandspacemagazine.tmus/history-of-flight'; window.GPT.cats = ["history-of-flight", "history-of-flight_hub"]; </script> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot(GPT.path, 'div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-outofpage') .setTargeting('pos', 'top') .setTargeting('site', GPT.SITE) .setTargeting('cat', GPT.cats) .setTargeting('tag', GPT.tag) .setTargeting('type', GPT.type) .setTargeting('special', GPT.specials) .setTargeting('slug', GPT.slug) .setTargeting('contenttype', GPT.contenttype) .setTargeting('contest', GPT.contest) .setTargeting('camera', GPT.camera) .setTargeting('awards', GPT.awards) .setTargeting('initialSessionPage', GPT.initialSessionPage) .addService(googletag.pubads()); //googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <meta name="com.silverpop.brandeddomains" content="www.pages03.net,airspacemag.com,si.mkt6346.com,smithsonian.com,smithsonianmag.com"> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://www.sc.pages03.net/lp/static/js/iMAWebCookie.js?1d10bc16-14374088980-b9e6bcd68d4fb511170ab3fcff55179d&h=www.pages03.net" type="text/javascript"></script>  <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Smithsonian Air & Space" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/xml/opensearch/airspace_opensearch.xml">  <link href="//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet">  <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347cs_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/Pikaday-master/css/pikaday.css" rel="stylesheet">  <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true; s.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://s' : 'http://i') + '.po.st/static/v4/post-widget.js#publisherKey=rp0i3la0hlhnikg0us6o'; var x = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; x.parentNode.insertBefore(s, x); })(); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _qevents = _qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://secure" : "https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/http://edge") + ".quantserve.com/quant.js"; elem.async = true; elem.type = "text/javascript"; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/airspace/js/script.js"></script> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="wwwairspacemagcom hero-unit hub-page"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.omlEigW4xY8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfpjsL9kUWY0h-sp7Ilu7hZWGwEmeg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <script>__wm.rw(0);</script> <div id="wm-ipp-base" lang="en" style="display:none;direction:ltr;"> <div id="wm-ipp" style="position:fixed;left:0;top:0;right:0;"> <div id="donato" style="position:relative;width:100%;"> <div id="donato-base"><iframe id="donato-if" src="https://archive.org/includes/donate.php?as_page=1&platform=wb&referer=https%3A//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https%3A//www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width:100%; height:100%"> </iframe> </div> </div> <div id="wm-ipp-inside"> <div id="wm-toolbar" style="position:relative;display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;justify-content:space-between;"> <div id="wm-logo" style="/*width:110px;*/padding-top:12px;"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine home page"><img src="/_static/images/toolbar/wayback-toolbar-logo-200.png" srcset="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/_static/images/toolbar/wayback-toolbar-logo-100.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB,https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/_static/images/toolbar/wayback-toolbar-logo-150.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB 1.5x,https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/_static/images/toolbar/wayback-toolbar-logo-200.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB 2x" alt="Wayback Machine" style="width:100px" border="0"></a> </div> <div class="c" style="display:flex;flex-flow:column nowrap;justify-content:space-between;flex:1;"> <form class="u" style="display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;" target="_top" method="get" action="/web/submit" name="wmtb" id="wmtb"> <input type="text" name="url" id="wmtbURL" value="https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/" onfocus="this.focus();this.select();" style="flex:1;"><input type="hidden" name="type" value="replay"><input type="hidden" name="date" value="20190409180347"><input type="submit" value="Go"> </form> <div style="display:flex;flex-flow:row nowrap;align-items:flex-end;"> <div class="s" id="wm-nav-captures" style="flex:1;"><a class="t" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347*/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="See a list of every capture for this URL">344 captures</a> <div class="r" title="Timespan for captures of this URL"> 22 Mar 2008 - 15 Apr 2024 </div> </div> <div class="k"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" id="wm-graph-anchor"> <div id="wm-ipp-sparkline" title="Explore captures for this URL" style="position: relative"> <canvas id="wm-sparkline-canvas" width="725" height="27" border="0"></canvas> </div></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="n"> <table> <tbody> <tr class="m"> <td class="b" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190304223645/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="04 Mar 2019"><strong>Mar</strong></a></td> <td class="c" id="displayMonthEl" title="You are here: 18:03:47 Apr 09, 2019">APR</td> <td class="f" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190611124359/http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="11 Jun 2019"><strong>Jun</strong></a></td> </tr> <tr class="d"> <td class="b" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190404155957/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="15:59:57 Apr 04, 2019"><img src="/_static/images/toolbar/wm_tb_prv_on.png" alt="Previous capture" width="14" height="16" border="0"></a></td> <td class="c" id="displayDayEl" style="width:34px;font-size:22px;white-space:nowrap;" title="You are here: 18:03:47 Apr 09, 2019">09</td> <td class="f" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190418083256/http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="08:32:56 Apr 18, 2019"><img src="/_static/images/toolbar/wm_tb_nxt_on.png" alt="Next capture" width="14" height="16" border="0"></a></td> </tr> <tr class="y"> <td class="b" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20180403024021/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="03 Apr 2018"><strong>2018</strong></a></td> <td class="c" id="displayYearEl" title="You are here: 18:03:47 Apr 09, 2019">2019</td> <td class="f" nowrap><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20200414082838/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="14 Apr 2020"><strong>2020</strong></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="r" style="display:flex;flex-flow:column nowrap;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:space-between;"> <div id="wm-btns" style="text-align:right;height:23px;"><span class="xxs"> <div id="wm-save-snapshot-success"> success </div> <div id="wm-save-snapshot-fail"> fail </div><a id="wm-save-snapshot-open" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#" title="Share via My Web Archive"> <span class="iconochive-web"></span> </a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/account/login.php" title="Sign In" id="wm-sign-in"> <span class="iconochive-person"></span> </a> <span id="wm-save-snapshot-in-progress" class="iconochive-web"></span> </span> <a class="xxs" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://faq.web.archive.org/" title="Get some help using the Wayback Machine" style="top:-6px;"><span class="iconochive-question" style="color:rgb(87,186,244);font-size:160%;"></span></a> <a id="wm-tb-close" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#close" style="top:-2px;" title="Close the toolbar"><span class="iconochive-remove-circle" style="color:#888888;font-size:240%;"></span></a> </div> <div id="wm-share" class="xxs"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" id="wm-screenshot" title="screenshot"> <span class="wm-icon-screen-shot"></span> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#" id="wm-video" title="video"> <span class="iconochive-movies"></span> </a> <a id="wm-share-facebook" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/" title="Share on Facebook" style="margin-right:5px;" target="_blank"><span class="iconochive-facebook" style="color:#3b5998;font-size:160%;"></span></a> <a id="wm-share-twitter" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#" data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/" title="Share on Twitter" style="margin-right:5px;" target="_blank"><span class="iconochive-twitter" style="color:#1dcaff;font-size:160%;"></span></a> </div> <div style="padding-right:2px;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;"><a id="wm-expand" class="wm-btn wm-closed" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#expand"><span id="wm-expand-icon" class="iconochive-down-solid"></span> <span class="xxs" style="font-size:80%;">About this capture</span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="wm-capinfo" style="border-top:1px solid #777;display:none; overflow: hidden"> <div id="wm-capinfo-notice" source="api"></div> <div id="wm-capinfo-collected-by"> <div style="background-color:#666;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center"> COLLECTED BY </div> <div style="padding:3px;position:relative" id="wm-collected-by-content"> <div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:50%;"><span class="c-logo" style="background-image:url(https://archive.org/services/img/ArchiveIt-Partner-660);"></span> Organization: <a style="color:#33f;" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/ArchiveIt-Partner-660" target="_new"><span class="wm-title">Smithsonian Institution</span></a> <div style="max-height:75px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:75px;background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 90%,rgba(255,255,255,255) 100%);"></div> Smithsonian Institution<br><br> Archive-It Partner Since: Sep, 2012<br> Organization Type: Museums & Art Libraries<br> Organization URL:<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://si.edu">http://si.edu</a><br><br> </div> </div> <div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:49%;"><span class="c-logo" style="background-image:url(https://archive.org/services/img/ArchiveIt-Collection-3348)"></span> <div> Collection: <a style="color:#33f;" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/ArchiveIt-Collection-3348" target="_new"><span class="wm-title">Smithsonian Institution Special </span></a> </div> <div style="max-height:75px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:75px;background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 90%,rgba(255,255,255,255) 100%);"></div> Smithsonian Institution websites marking anniversaries or events </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="wm-capinfo-timestamps"> <div style="background-color:#666;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center" title="Timestamps for the elements of this page"> TIMESTAMPS </div> <div> <div id="wm-capresources" style="margin:0 5px 5px 5px;max-height:250px;overflow-y:scroll !important"></div> <div id="wm-capresources-loading" style="text-align:left;margin:0 20px 5px 5px;display:none"> <img src="/_static/images/loading.gif" alt="loading"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="wm-ipp-print"> The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/ </div> <script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ __wm.bt(725,27,25,2,"web","https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/","20190409180347",1996,"/_static/",["/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt","/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv"], false); __wm.rw(1); //]]></script>  <noscript><iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347if_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M6LKQZ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <div id="fb-root"></div> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function () { FB.init({ appId: '241090599274511', autoLogAppEvents: true, xfbml: true, version: 'v2.9' }); FB.AppEvents.logPageView(); }; (function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <a name="top"></a> <nav class="jump-nav"> <h2>Accessibility Navigation</h2><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Primary-Navigation">Primary Navigation</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Page-Content">Content</a> </nav> <div class="header-wrapper wrapper"> <div id="header-new" class="header-ab-test" data-ab="header-20160624"> <header class="site-header"><a class="toggle" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#left"><i class="icon icon-large icon-reorder"><span class="outofsight">Toggle</span></i></a> <a class="share" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#share"><i class="icon icon-large icon-share"><span class="outofsight">Share</span></i></a>  <i class="fa fa-search mobile-search-icon"><span class="outofsight">Search</span></i> <i class="fa fa-times mobile-search-close"><span class="outofsight">Search Close</span></i> <div id="mobile-search"> <form method="GET" action="." data-suggest-url="/search/suggest/" class="search-form with-suggest"><label for="id_q"><span class="outofsight">Search</span> <input placeholder="Search" id="id_q" name="q" type="text" class="tt-query" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" dir="auto" style="position: relative; vertical-align: top; background-color: transparent;"> </label> <button type="submit" class="btn-primary" onclick="mobileSearchURL()">Search</button> </form> </div>  <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=mobile-header-subscribe&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7Ctext%7Cmobile-header%7C%7Cred%7Cbutton%7C&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="magazine-mobile-subscribe"> <div class="btn btn-primary magazine-mobile-signup-form-subscribe-button"> Subscribe </div></a> <div class="nav-subscribe-box no-cover"> <div class="nav-subscribe-list"> <div class="nav-subscribe-option"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=header-L&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C%7Cheader%7C%7C%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-header-right-subscribe">SUBSCRIBE</a> </div> <div class="nav-subscribe-option"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://asp.pcdfusion.com/pcd/Order?pId=13912&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-header-right-renew">RENEW</a> </div> <div class="nav-subscribe-option"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace_gift.php?idx=172&inetz=header-L&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Cgift%7C%7Cheader%7C%7C%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-header-right-gift">GIVE A GIFT</a> </div> </div> <div class="nav-current-issue"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=240&inetz=header-2-C&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C47pct%7Cheader%7CJan-14%7Cred%7C80x105%7Cprice-ctrl&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-header-right-subscribe-image"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/EW2p2gtjbITqUgaou3_YbXG1HNw=/fit-in/192x256/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b9/d5/b9d50049-3d49-488c-9826-5c8c6de75583/am2019_as_web_cover.jpg" alt="April/May 2019 magazine cover" id="subscribe-dropdown-cover-art" class="cover" style="border-left: 1px solid #000; border-right: 1px solid #000;"></a> </div> </div> <div class="logo-wrapper"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="logo"><span class="outofsight">Air & Space Magazine</span></a> </div> <div class="aux-nav"> <nav class="social-nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.facebook.com/AirSpaceMag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="facebook"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-facebook" title="Facebook"><span class="outofsight">Facebook</span></i> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://twitter.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#!/airspacemag" rel="twitter"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-twitter" title="Twitter"><span class="outofsight">Twitter</span></i> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://instagram.com/airspacemag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="instagram"> <i class="fa fa-instagram" title="Instagram"><span class="outofsight">Instagram</span></i> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://plus.google.com/116602523162239426012?prsrc=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="googleplus"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-google-plus" title="Google+"><span class="outofsight">Google+</span></i> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/newsletters/subscribe/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="newsletter"> <i class="fa fa-envelope" title="newsletter"><span class="outofsight">Newsletter</span></i> </a> </nav> <form method="get" action="/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/search/" id="Search-Box" class="search-box"> <fieldset><legend class="outofsight">Search</legend> <button type="submit">Search</button> <label for="nav-search"><span class="outofsight">Search</span></label> <input placeholder="search" id="nav-search" class="tt-query"> <a class="search-trigger" href="javascript:;?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" onclick="navSearchURL()"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-search" title="Start a Search"><span class="outofsight">Search</span></i> </a> </fieldset> </form> </div> </header> <div class="nav-wrapper-bg"> <div class="nav-wrapper"> <nav class="primary-nav nav" id="Primary-Navigation"> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Homepage </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Daily Planet </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Flight Today </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Space </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Military </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item selected"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> History of Flight </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/interviews/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Interviews </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Photos </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item last"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Videos </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item last"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/virtual-space/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true"> Virtual Space </a> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item subscribe-nav-link"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=top-nav-R&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C%7Ctext%7C%7C%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn-item subscribe external-nav-link omz-sticky-subscribe" id="subscribe-trigger">Subscribe</a> <div class="subscribe-menu"> <div class="current-issue"> <h6 class="headline">Current Issue</h6><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=dropdown-cover-R&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C%7Cdropdown%7C%7Ccover%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-thumb-subscribe" id="www-top-rollover-thumb" data-reportevent="true"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/EW2p2gtjbITqUgaou3_YbXG1HNw=/fit-in/192x256/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b9/d5/b9d50049-3d49-488c-9826-5c8c6de75583/am2019_as_web_cover.jpg" alt="April/May 2019 magazine cover" id="www-header-dropdown-art" class="cover"></a> </div> <section class="offer-options"> <h5 class="headline">Subscribe</h5> <p class="deal-info">Save 55% off the cover price!</p> <ul class="subscribe-options"> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=dropdown-R&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C%7Cdropdown%7C%7C%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-dropdown-subscribe" id="www-top-rollover-new">Subscribe</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://asp.pcdfusion.com/pcd/Order?pId=13912&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-dropdown-renew" id="www-top-rollover-renew">Renew</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace_gift.php?idx=172&inetz=dropdown-R&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Cgift%7C%7Cdropdown%7C%7C%7C%7CCTRL&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="omz-dropdown-gift" id="www-top-rollover-gift">Give a Gift</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> <div class="nav-btn-item shop-nav-link"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianstore.com/category/museum+stores/air+%26+space.do?code=H9IBSMAD&utm_source=Airspacemag.com&utm_medium=module&utm_campaign=topdropdown&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn-item shop external-nav-link" id="shop-trigger">Shop</a> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="sub-header-shop" id="shop"></div> </div> <div id="Scroll-Nav" class="scroll-nav-wrapper"> <div class="scroll-nav"><span class="logo-wrap"> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="logo">Air & Space Magazine</a> </span> <nav class="primary-nav nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=sticky-top-nav-L-C&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C47pct%7Ctext%7C%7Cred%7C%7Cprice-ctrl&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn-item subscribe external-nav-link omz-scroll-subscribe" id="sticky-subscribe-nav-link">Subscribe</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> Homepage </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> Daily Planet </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> Flight Today </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> Space </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> Military </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" data-exempt="true"> History of Flight </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/interviews/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn flip" data-exempt="true"> Interviews </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn hidden" data-exempt="true"> Photos </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn hidden" data-exempt="true"> Videos </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/virtual-space/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn hidden" data-exempt="true"> Virtual Space </a> <div class="more nav-btn-item"><a class="nav-btn more"> <i class="icon-plus"><span class="outofsight">+</span></i> </a> <div class="sub-menu"><a class="nav-btn" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Photos</a> <a class="nav-btn" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Videos</a> </div> </div><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianstore.com/category/museum+stores/air+%26+space.do?code=H9IBSMAD&utm_source=Airspacemag.com&utm_medium=module&utm_campaign=topdropdown&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn-item shop external-nav-link">Shop</a> </nav> <div class="scroll-nav-social"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.airspacemag.com/search/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="scroll-nav-search"><i class="fa fa-search"><span class="outofsight">Search</span></i> </div></a> <div class="scroll-nav-social-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.facebook.com/AirSpaceMag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="facebook"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-facebook" title="Facebook"><span class="outofsight">Facebook</span></i> </a> </div> <div class="scroll-nav-social-item"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://twitter.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#!/airspacemag" rel="twitter"> <i class="icon icon-large icon-twitter" title="Twitter"><span class="outofsight">Twitter</span></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sub-header-wrapper"> <div class="sub-header"> <nav class="secondary-nav nav" id="Secondary-Navigation" role="navigation"> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="header-ad-wrapper"> <div id="ATF_728x90_970x250_970x90" class="cbv-ad" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-1" class="ad-slot" data-ad-settings="desktopMain"></div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="side-nav"> <nav class="side-primary-nav nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=mobile-header-subscribe-red&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C47pct%7Cmobile-header%7C%7Cred%7C%7C&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" id="mobile-subscribe-side-menu" class="nav-btn" title="Subscribe" style="background: #ff0202;">Subscribe</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianstore.com/?sourceCode=MAGAD12&utm_source=Smithsonianmag.com&utm_medium=module&utm_campaign=topdropdown&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="nav-btn" title="Shop">Shop</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianjourneys.org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="Travel With Us" class="nav-btn">Travel With Us</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Homepage</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Daily Planet</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Flight Today</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Space</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Military</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn selected" data-exempt="true">History of Flight</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/interviews/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Interviews</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Photos</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Videos</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/virtual-space/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Virtual Space</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/issue/aprilmay-2019/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn">Magazine</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/newsletters/subscribe/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" rel="newsletter">Newsletters</a> </nav> <nav class="side-footer-nav nav"> <h5 class="nav-title">AirSpaceMag.com</h5><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/contact-us/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" title="Contact">Contact</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/about/privacy/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn" title="Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.si.edu/termsofuse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_blank" title="Terms of Use" class="nav-btn">Terms of Use</a> </nav> </div> <div class="hero" id="Hero"> <div class="billboard-desktop billboard-single visuallyhidden"> <div class="billboard-slides"> <section class="slide one_image slideID1" data-template="one_image"> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/petrels-strange-journey-180970803/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="slide-box box1"> <figure class="image image1"> <span data-picture data-alt="A Petrel鈥檚 Strange Journey"><span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/v5z8nZuKG-rpAZExk7oC7-xjXBU=/1072x500/filters:focal(1198x2275:1199x2276)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/f5/a0/f5a08544-14d1-4072-8588-a61b65c971d6/09g_dj2019_jansmawaaamgliders006_live-web.jpg"></span> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/v5z8nZuKG-rpAZExk7oC7-xjXBU=/1072x500/filters:focal(1198x2275:1199x2276)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/f5/a0/f5a08544-14d1-4072-8588-a61b65c971d6/09g_dj2019_jansmawaaamgliders006_live-web.jpg" alt="Caption: A Petrel鈥檚 Strange Journey"> </noscript></span> <figcaption> <h3 class="title">A Petrel鈥檚 Strange Journey</h3> <h4 class="sub-title visuallyhidden">Why a rare British sailplane survived.</h4> </figcaption> </figure></a> </section> </div> </div> <div class="slideshow-wrapper billboard-wrapper"> <div class="slideshow billboard-mobile"><a class="slideshow-prev" title="Previous"> <i class="icon-large icon-chevron-left"> </i> </a> <a class="slideshow-next" title="Next"> <i class="icon-large icon-chevron-right"> </i> </a> <div class="slideshow-slides"> <div class="slideshow-wrap"> <div class="slide"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/petrels-strange-journey-180970803/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="slide-box box1"> <figure><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/FSTUwzXWSgLJ11hJ_Lr7T8LG9Wk=/720x420/filters:focal(1198x2275:1199x2276)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/f5/a0/f5a08544-14d1-4072-8588-a61b65c971d6/09g_dj2019_jansmawaaamgliders006_live-web.jpg" alt="A Petrel鈥檚 Strange Journey"> <figcaption> <h3 class="title">A Petrel鈥檚 Strange Journey</h3> <h4 class="sub-title visuallyhidden">Why a rare British sailplane survived.</h4> </figcaption> </figure></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-wrapper" id="Page-Content" role="main"> <div id="ATF_320x50_300x50_300x250" class="cbv-ad" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-mobile-1" class="ad-slot ad-mobile" data-ad-settings="mobileMain"></div> </div> <main class="main main-hero"> <article class="primary-content"> <div class="article-list"> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-how-perry-young-broke-color-barrier"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/how-perry-young-broke-color-barrier-180971214/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="How Perry Young Broke Aviation's Color Barrier"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Rl95w4ortBJ9xePmMCWecGenoaQ=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e0/20/e020122a-f8ee-4b18-af29-64f8ba86e280/08i_fm2019_img820_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/wyw0Js4KesatxGDR9p76CQW2tWY=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e0/20/e020122a-f8ee-4b18-af29-64f8ba86e280/08i_fm2019_img820_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/w_YaGTNMxwZgcJvKPfJK7UiujdE=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e0/20/e020122a-f8ee-4b18-af29-64f8ba86e280/08i_fm2019_img820_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Vdjpm6lqnkmEwHLXR98K375HKq8=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e0/20/e020122a-f8ee-4b18-af29-64f8ba86e280/08i_fm2019_img820_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Vdjpm6lqnkmEwHLXR98K375HKq8=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e0/20/e020122a-f8ee-4b18-af29-64f8ba86e280/08i_fm2019_img820_live.jpg" alt="How Perry Young Broke Aviation's Color Barrier"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/how-perry-young-broke-color-barrier-180971214/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How Perry Young Broke Aviation's Color Barrier</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-danger-down-below"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/as-interview/danger-down-below-180971770/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Danger Down Below"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/R4eYfUP3wMNAj-oI2GbobLDnvKQ=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/96/fb/96fb0b6a-2244-4ace-a990-ccbbca70eef4/ellsworth.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/7chrhYOWet8T_SEsqByDtlUwiwA=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/96/fb/96fb0b6a-2244-4ace-a990-ccbbca70eef4/ellsworth.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/IZ02BHFU0k6ySzgQwtgs-Plmzhs=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/96/fb/96fb0b6a-2244-4ace-a990-ccbbca70eef4/ellsworth.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/ESgHugbx3Qv3pnPx81rroran9bE=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/96/fb/96fb0b6a-2244-4ace-a990-ccbbca70eef4/ellsworth.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/ESgHugbx3Qv3pnPx81rroran9bE=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/96/fb/96fb0b6a-2244-4ace-a990-ccbbca70eef4/ellsworth.jpg" alt="Danger Down Below"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">April 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/as-interview/danger-down-below-180971770/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Danger Down Below</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-legends-of-an-ocean-crossing-seaplane"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/legends-of-an-ocean-crossing-seaplane-180971743/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Legends of an Ocean-Crossing Seaplane"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/5BNFcLHM1fO2LdZ5QoCTEgRRwgY=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/cd/2a/cd2afcc1-5fe1-4182-91d4-a652780b659b/05f_am2019_makanna5125pbycatalina_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gvd3w79wVsGOuYJnDcTKx5LUfo0=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/cd/2a/cd2afcc1-5fe1-4182-91d4-a652780b659b/05f_am2019_makanna5125pbycatalina_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/C9i7sz33wTboSvINuAy0WomI2TE=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/cd/2a/cd2afcc1-5fe1-4182-91d4-a652780b659b/05f_am2019_makanna5125pbycatalina_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/IFrej4jLxbNWzucLeNL8D8x6Chc=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/cd/2a/cd2afcc1-5fe1-4182-91d4-a652780b659b/05f_am2019_makanna5125pbycatalina_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/IFrej4jLxbNWzucLeNL8D8x6Chc=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/cd/2a/cd2afcc1-5fe1-4182-91d4-a652780b659b/05f_am2019_makanna5125pbycatalina_live.jpg" alt="Legends of an Ocean-Crossing Seaplane"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">April 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/legends-of-an-ocean-crossing-seaplane-180971743/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Legends of an Ocean-Crossing Seaplane</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-at-catalina-island-time-to-send-in-marines"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/at-catalina-island-time-to-send-in-marines-180971745/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="At Catalina Island, Time to Send in the Marines"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/F2MUJPeJZ373IhcvRqNWbS_rkew=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b2/fd/b2fd8e30-0192-4213-88e1-8e1a217a55be/32g_am2019_8010_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/F3NwDNnjop2xIcTh0sk7hG_Jars=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b2/fd/b2fd8e30-0192-4213-88e1-8e1a217a55be/32g_am2019_8010_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/LMYuEBKq60WvFf8OCooy_er5ozI=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b2/fd/b2fd8e30-0192-4213-88e1-8e1a217a55be/32g_am2019_8010_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/fqk8O6AMASNeYpkeacC5xH9cvcQ=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b2/fd/b2fd8e30-0192-4213-88e1-8e1a217a55be/32g_am2019_8010_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/fqk8O6AMASNeYpkeacC5xH9cvcQ=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b2/fd/b2fd8e30-0192-4213-88e1-8e1a217a55be/32g_am2019_8010_live.jpg" alt="At Catalina Island, Time to Send in the Marines"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">April 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/at-catalina-island-time-to-send-in-marines-180971745/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">At Catalina Island, Time to Send in the Marines</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-a-hand-in-aviation-history-nc-4"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/a-hand-in-aviation-history-nc-4-180971747/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="The First Airplane to Cross an Ocean"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/x8xobApSG8Y-vUZxyWNzzpzO9eE=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/be/a2/bea258a0-5749-49ad-bc53-62449417e614/nc4.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/0JLy3T422ITUomdyX3S3c6sk9_s=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/be/a2/bea258a0-5749-49ad-bc53-62449417e614/nc4.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/3YqShFUmZZgtM5VWwEaL6VvT9lA=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/be/a2/bea258a0-5749-49ad-bc53-62449417e614/nc4.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/MrM4RO7vtjIZijopNZF4yyD_u9Y=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/be/a2/bea258a0-5749-49ad-bc53-62449417e614/nc4.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/MrM4RO7vtjIZijopNZF4yyD_u9Y=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/be/a2/bea258a0-5749-49ad-bc53-62449417e614/nc4.jpg" alt="The First Airplane to Cross an Ocean"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">April 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/a-hand-in-aviation-history-nc-4-180971747/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The First Airplane to Cross an Ocean</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-one-of-a-kind-times-two"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/one-of-a-kind-times-two-180971216/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Restoration: The 1912 Olmstead Pusher"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/xZC4Hok9Np3TUXPg-0ssyNR8BbU=/720x420/filters:focal(1838x2132:1839x2133)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7c/b1/7cb1139d-9cfe-40ed-be7a-8df17a117cf9/16a_fm2019_nasm2018-03358_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/zB9HTeFvCEorhA9dJJyIIwcSams=/580x340/filters:focal(1838x2132:1839x2133)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7c/b1/7cb1139d-9cfe-40ed-be7a-8df17a117cf9/16a_fm2019_nasm2018-03358_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/mIxVgn75c6O3xmEASglRxWDxGwY=/220x130/filters:focal(1838x2132:1839x2133)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7c/b1/7cb1139d-9cfe-40ed-be7a-8df17a117cf9/16a_fm2019_nasm2018-03358_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/hIBeE7_x1JQmT3wPgG8Wyp4pw7A=/420x240/filters:focal(1838x2132:1839x2133)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7c/b1/7cb1139d-9cfe-40ed-be7a-8df17a117cf9/16a_fm2019_nasm2018-03358_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/hIBeE7_x1JQmT3wPgG8Wyp4pw7A=/420x240/filters:focal(1838x2132:1839x2133)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7c/b1/7cb1139d-9cfe-40ed-be7a-8df17a117cf9/16a_fm2019_nasm2018-03358_live.jpg" alt="Restoration: The 1912 Olmstead Pusher"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/one-of-a-kind-times-two-180971216/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Restoration: The 1912 Olmstead Pusher</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-707-flight-changed-everything"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/707-flight-changed-everything-180971219/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="The Flight That Changed Everything"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Tqn_QTQUVOOSr9JQ1z0TAKlgSt4=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/69/2a/692a02c6-70df-4dc7-8521-d5bbfc0009b4/05d_fm2019_707infographicnasm14338h_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/8kKT8GBQ5XpaJr_A4wpU_GWgbHk=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/69/2a/692a02c6-70df-4dc7-8521-d5bbfc0009b4/05d_fm2019_707infographicnasm14338h_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/cocKl81tJj4k4t2uQKvErXKPngk=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/69/2a/692a02c6-70df-4dc7-8521-d5bbfc0009b4/05d_fm2019_707infographicnasm14338h_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/IqFb1JtrDmtPv7QgEjgNbUKMG3U=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/69/2a/692a02c6-70df-4dc7-8521-d5bbfc0009b4/05d_fm2019_707infographicnasm14338h_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/IqFb1JtrDmtPv7QgEjgNbUKMG3U=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/69/2a/692a02c6-70df-4dc7-8521-d5bbfc0009b4/05d_fm2019_707infographicnasm14338h_live.jpg" alt="The Flight That Changed Everything"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/707-flight-changed-everything-180971219/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Flight That Changed Everything</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-au-revoir-concorde"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/au-revoir-concorde-180971223/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Au Revoir, Concorde"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/exQOvj6U9s0w-vAgmQSFomPlcdA=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/33/e6/33e63f2a-23fb-4d5e-90d8-f7f96c716d84/17a_fm2019_nasm-9a01587_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/ZKrc5q4d-b5qZ5Z9QyFHNfs5Sbc=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/33/e6/33e63f2a-23fb-4d5e-90d8-f7f96c716d84/17a_fm2019_nasm-9a01587_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Xkme6pNjl1n7ZlFNPdMQVNNsY-c=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/33/e6/33e63f2a-23fb-4d5e-90d8-f7f96c716d84/17a_fm2019_nasm-9a01587_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/dDj52Cf66qagGErPjcDmYeuZEJc=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/33/e6/33e63f2a-23fb-4d5e-90d8-f7f96c716d84/17a_fm2019_nasm-9a01587_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/dDj52Cf66qagGErPjcDmYeuZEJc=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/33/e6/33e63f2a-23fb-4d5e-90d8-f7f96c716d84/17a_fm2019_nasm-9a01587_live.jpg" alt="Au Revoir, Concorde"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/au-revoir-concorde-180971223/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Au Revoir, Concorde</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-perfect-airplane-wing"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/perfect-airplane-wing-180971225/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="The Perfect Airplane Wing"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/e7RYHJVhyFqf4D_w4-8mm3UEiYA=/720x420/filters:focal(2904x895:2905x896)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/83/05/83053148-4b8f-4ab6-8a89-c092b5301e70/06v_fm2019_fmhocomposite_live.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gIOGTsm8ByVvfafZJS0DOvUU2gA=/580x340/filters:focal(2904x895:2905x896)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/83/05/83053148-4b8f-4ab6-8a89-c092b5301e70/06v_fm2019_fmhocomposite_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/UPCezkCNAQhje_vHd1lXMfhY0xs=/220x130/filters:focal(2904x895:2905x896)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/83/05/83053148-4b8f-4ab6-8a89-c092b5301e70/06v_fm2019_fmhocomposite_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Bh-PhE9iqMLmsqrupDlqm8F2JzQ=/420x240/filters:focal(2904x895:2905x896)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/83/05/83053148-4b8f-4ab6-8a89-c092b5301e70/06v_fm2019_fmhocomposite_live.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Bh-PhE9iqMLmsqrupDlqm8F2JzQ=/420x240/filters:focal(2904x895:2905x896)/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/83/05/83053148-4b8f-4ab6-8a89-c092b5301e70/06v_fm2019_fmhocomposite_live.jpg" alt="The Perfect Airplane Wing"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/perfect-airplane-wing-180971225/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Perfect Airplane Wing</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser" id="one_column-remember-moonshot"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/remember-moonshot-180971250/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Commemorative Coin Throws a Curve at Apollo History"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/pN_oVQB-Jd7jHr00MGV6AzsEnZA=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/59/7a/597a3350-18b5-4bcd-895a-81d3d6ddc92a/goldcoin.png"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/VOxKJ-ZDggnhkBA-DWSAgovjT5o=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/59/7a/597a3350-18b5-4bcd-895a-81d3d6ddc92a/goldcoin.png" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/x3PdHTh5LizQCiooluTweGdqt9M=/220x130/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/59/7a/597a3350-18b5-4bcd-895a-81d3d6ddc92a/goldcoin.png" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <span class="IE-article-overview-thumbnail-hide" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/uiHVNdAi49RpKi_e31YBNiUNsQg=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/59/7a/597a3350-18b5-4bcd-895a-81d3d6ddc92a/goldcoin.png" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/uiHVNdAi49RpKi_e31YBNiUNsQg=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/59/7a/597a3350-18b5-4bcd-895a-81d3d6ddc92a/goldcoin.png" alt="Commemorative Coin Throws a Curve at Apollo History"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><time class="pub-date">February 2019</time> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/remember-moonshot-180971250/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Commemorative Coin Throws a Curve at Apollo History</a></h3> </div> </section><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/category/history-of-flight/?page=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="more">More Recent Stories 禄</a> </div> </article> <div class="secondary-content"> <h2 class="smartnews-headline"><span class="smartnews-logo">Daily<span class="news">Planet</span></span> <span class="tagline">Today in Air and Space</span></h2> <div class="article-list"> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 28, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/exposed-space-station-180971827/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Exposed on the Space Station"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/x1SXwtnX5DJ76SXqY9XZCBvuTPQ=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/67/0a/670a2424-122b-4bbd-8605-5249beb8e0a4/id545a499f3d405.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/TK7rNqIuGXoLD3QPFJTbCtqizmo=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/67/0a/670a2424-122b-4bbd-8605-5249beb8e0a4/id545a499f3d405.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/q0FgotTgBSRln4pjjm9-9r058xI=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/67/0a/670a2424-122b-4bbd-8605-5249beb8e0a4/id545a499f3d405.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/q0FgotTgBSRln4pjjm9-9r058xI=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/67/0a/670a2424-122b-4bbd-8605-5249beb8e0a4/id545a499f3d405.jpg" alt="Exposed on the Space Station"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/tag/life-beyond-earth/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="series">Life Beyond Earth</a> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/exposed-space-station-180971827/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Exposed on the Space Station</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 26, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/nasa-considers-rover-mission-go-cave-diving-moon-180971790/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="NASA Considers a Rover Mission to Go Cave Diving on the Moon"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/mRbrP0b46wWA-W_YiMPd-nmvBKc=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/2e/f5/2ef571fd-d48d-43be-a6b3-5944985468bf/earthshine_bigger2.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/JjuaeAdCBeKjJFZi-IEmh2VuLwo=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/2e/f5/2ef571fd-d48d-43be-a6b3-5944985468bf/earthshine_bigger2.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gbKuviF5F6S4801Axg0cZLyMENA=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/2e/f5/2ef571fd-d48d-43be-a6b3-5944985468bf/earthshine_bigger2.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gbKuviF5F6S4801Axg0cZLyMENA=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/2e/f5/2ef571fd-d48d-43be-a6b3-5944985468bf/earthshine_bigger2.jpg" alt="NASA Considers a Rover Mission to Go Cave Diving on the Moon"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/nasa-considers-rover-mission-go-cave-diving-moon-180971790/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">NASA Considers a Rover Mission to Go Cave Diving on the Moon</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 20, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/raf-diary-post-180971605/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="The Battle of Britain, Through a Chaplain's Eye"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/CeNsASISGj1Ql6rV4FTejEGuauI=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/1c/f6/1cf6905e-4119-440d-a935-ddaadb7f1e90/duxford_19_and_616.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/hjDo-tZTs_DFNhhiBFxKG2suOoI=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/1c/f6/1cf6905e-4119-440d-a935-ddaadb7f1e90/duxford_19_and_616.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Z_ymGcbTP8dvvuJLY7g5BDsub5I=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/1c/f6/1cf6905e-4119-440d-a935-ddaadb7f1e90/duxford_19_and_616.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/Z_ymGcbTP8dvvuJLY7g5BDsub5I=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/1c/f6/1cf6905e-4119-440d-a935-ddaadb7f1e90/duxford_19_and_616.jpg" alt="The Battle of Britain, Through a Chaplain's Eye"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/raf-diary-post-180971605/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Battle of Britain, Through a Chaplain's Eye</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 11, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/search-extraterrestrial-intelligence-heats-180971673/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Heats Up"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/rlWzIHgfEqyHcmdWZEnuYWFzewE=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7a/20/7a20a803-7406-454d-b688-b5a412005391/creation-of-adam.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/wF-_kgB_8pE9XYAwvXwOt9JKVls=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7a/20/7a20a803-7406-454d-b688-b5a412005391/creation-of-adam.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gMPEi8_-s8WUyQgVTBT-Zv9jV6c=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7a/20/7a20a803-7406-454d-b688-b5a412005391/creation-of-adam.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/gMPEi8_-s8WUyQgVTBT-Zv9jV6c=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7a/20/7a20a803-7406-454d-b688-b5a412005391/creation-of-adam.jpg" alt="The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Heats Up"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/tag/life-beyond-earth/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="series">Life Beyond Earth</a> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/search-extraterrestrial-intelligence-heats-180971673/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Heats Up</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 8, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/airspacemag/conversation-todd-douglas-miller-180971551/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="Seeing July 1969 Like It鈥檚 Today"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/96EXSgNoFp9QgJDGUiuFQthlhMo=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7e/18/7e18d404-9087-4fc8-b423-bc44fbab7398/apollo-11-a11-astro02_rgb.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/WYEW4eqXj4GKVehetiJgUfH7nKw=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7e/18/7e18d404-9087-4fc8-b423-bc44fbab7398/apollo-11-a11-astro02_rgb.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/in-pgll0jV7WcoS3b_p2e3JlehE=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7e/18/7e18d404-9087-4fc8-b423-bc44fbab7398/apollo-11-a11-astro02_rgb.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/in-pgll0jV7WcoS3b_p2e3JlehE=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/7e/18/7e18d404-9087-4fc8-b423-bc44fbab7398/apollo-11-a11-astro02_rgb.jpg" alt="Seeing July 1969 Like It鈥檚 Today"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/airspacemag/conversation-todd-douglas-miller-180971551/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Seeing July 1969 Like It鈥檚 Today</a></h3> </div> </section> <section class="article-teaser"><time class="pub-date">March 8, 2019</time> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/following-successful-test-flight-international-space-station-spacex-looks-ahead-launching-astronauts-180971652/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="thumbnail"> <span data-picture data-alt="SpaceX Looks Ahead to Launching Astronauts"> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/ra_gOsRchhuHSZinNzN7V0NFt60=/720x420/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e4/77/e477f371-b6a2-457f-b275-b9754cdf7c89/d0utuzevyaatojt_1.jpg"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/JQxpZ_f_vWfHnJQ1AU0ko-qwgm8=/580x340/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e4/77/e477f371-b6a2-457f-b275-b9754cdf7c89/d0utuzevyaatojt_1.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 480px)"></span> <span data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/J9F606s6ybMN7orlRLqk5M9_LrQ=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e4/77/e477f371-b6a2-457f-b275-b9754cdf7c89/d0utuzevyaatojt_1.jpg" data-media="(min-width: 600px)"></span> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/J9F606s6ybMN7orlRLqk5M9_LrQ=/420x240/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/e4/77/e477f371-b6a2-457f-b275-b9754cdf7c89/d0utuzevyaatojt_1.jpg" alt="SpaceX Looks Ahead to Launching Astronauts"> </noscript></span> </a> <div class="overview"> <h3 class="headline"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/following-successful-test-flight-international-space-station-spacex-looks-ahead-launching-astronauts-180971652/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">SpaceX Looks Ahead to Launching Astronauts</a></h3> </div> </section><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/category/daily-planet/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="more">More Daily Planet Stories 禄</a> </div> </div> <div class="tertiary-content"> </div> </main> <div class="sidebar sidebar-hero"> <div id="ATF_300x250_300x600_300x1050" class="cbv-ad" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-2" class="ad-slot" data-ad-settings="desktopSideTop"></div> </div> <aside class="most-popular tab-container"> <h4 class="headline">Most Popular</h4> <nav class="tabs"></nav> <div id="Tab-Viewed" class="pane"> <ol class="popular-list"> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/f-35-faces-most-critical-test-180971734?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">F-35: What The Pilots Say</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-real-reasons-we-explore-space-18816871?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The Real Reasons We Explore Space</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/12_fm2017-mysteries-of-sagittarius-a-180961673?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">The First Sighting of a Black Hole</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/tools-of-the-astronaut-trade-15273242?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Tools of the (Astronaut) Trade</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/beavers-on-parachutes-144129480?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Beavers On Parachutes</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/worlds-fastest-piston-airplane-180969509?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">World鈥檚 Fastest Piston-Power Airplane</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/history-ww2-25-airplanes-180954056?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">A History of WW2 in 25 Airplanes</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/aircraft-that-changed-the-world-45532020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Aircraft That Changed the World</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/top-nasa-photos-of-all-time-9777715?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Top NASA Photos of All Time</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/how-things-work-cabin-pressure-2870604?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How Things Work: Cabin Pressure</a></li> </ol> </div> </aside> <div id="BTF_Sticky_300x250" class="cbv-ad" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-3" class="ad-slot ad-slot-noheader" data-ad-settings="desktopSideBottom"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-main"> <div class="post-main-content"></div> <div class="post-main-sidebar"></div> </div> <div class="signup-wrapper"> <div class="magazine-signup"> <div class="issue-promo"> <h6 class="headline">Current Issue | <time class="issue-date">April/May 2019</time></h6><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/issue/aprilmay-2019/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="more"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/EW2p2gtjbITqUgaou3_YbXG1HNw=/fit-in/192x256/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/b9/d5/b9d50049-3d49-488c-9826-5c8c6de75583/am2019_as_web_cover.jpg" alt="April/May 2019 magazine cover" class="cover"></a> <div class="stories"> <ul class="article-list"> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/legends-of-an-ocean-crossing-seaplane-180971743/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Legends of an Ocean-Crossing Seaplane</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/coffee-tea-emergency-response-flight-attendants-first-responders-180971741/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Coffee, Tea, or Emergency Response?</a></li> <li><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space/helicopter-dreams-of-mars-180971739/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">A Helicopter Dreams of Mars</a></li> </ul><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/issue/aprilmay-2019/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="more">View Table of Contents</a> </div> </div> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?inetz=www-page-subscription-form" method="get" class="magazine-signup-form"><input type="hidden" name="idx" value="263"> <h6 class="headline">Subscribe</h6> <p class="deal-info">Save 55% off the cover price!</p> <fieldset class="field-group name-fields"><legend class="outofsight">First & Last Name</legend> <div class="field"><label for="Subscribe-First-Name" class="visuallyhidden">First Name</label> <input type="text" name="sf[fstName]" id="Subscribe-First-Name" placeholder="First Name"> </div> <div class="field last"><label for="Subscribe-Last-Name" class="visuallyhidden">Last Name</label> <input type="text" name="sf[lstName]" id="Subscribe-Last-Name" placeholder="Last Name"> </div> </fieldset> <div class="field"><label for="Subscribe-Address1" class="visuallyhidden">Address 1</label> <input type="text" name="sf[address1]" id="Subscribe-Address1" placeholder="Address 1"> </div> <div class="field"><label for="Subscribe-Address2" class="visuallyhidden">Address 2</label> <input type="text" name="sf[address2]" id="Subscribe-Address2" placeholder="Address 2"> </div> <fieldset class="field-group secondary-address-fields"><legend class="outofsight">City / State</legend> <div class="field"><label for="Subscribe-City" class="visuallyhidden">City</label> <input type="text" name="sf[city]" id="Subscribe-City" placeholder="City"> </div> <div class="field state-field"><label for="Subscribe-State" class="visuallyhidden">State</label> <div class="select-wrap"><select name="" id="Subscribe-State"> <option value="AL" selected>AL</option> <option value="AK">AK</option> <option value="AS">AS</option> <option value="AE">AE</option> <option value="AA">AA</option> <option value="AE">AE</option> <option value="AP">AP</option> <option value="AZ">AZ</option> <option value="AR">AR</option> <option value="CA">CA</option> <option value="CO">CO</option> <option value="CT">CT</option> <option value="DE">DE</option> <option value="DC">DC</option> <option value="FL">FL</option> <option value="GA">GA</option> <option value="GU">GU</option> <option value="HI">HI</option> <option value="ID">ID</option> <option value="IL">IL</option> <option value="IN">IN</option> <option value="IA">IA</option> <option value="KS">KS</option> <option value="KY">KY</option> <option value="LA">LA</option> <option value="ME">ME</option> <option value="MD">MD</option> <option value="MA">MA</option> <option value="MI">MI</option> <option value="MN">MN</option> <option value="MS">MS</option> <option value="MO">MO</option> <option value="MT">MT</option> <option value="NE">NE</option> <option value="NV">NV</option> <option value="NH">NH</option> <option value="NJ">NJ</option> <option value="NM">NM</option> <option value="NY">NY</option> <option value="NC">NC</option> <option value="ND">ND</option> <option value="MP">MP</option> <option value="OH">OH</option> <option value="OK">OK</option> <option value="OR">OR</option> <option value="PW">PW</option> <option value="PA">PA</option> <option value="PR">PR</option> <option value="RI">RI</option> <option value="SC">SC</option> <option value="SD">SD</option> <option value="TN">TN</option> <option value="TX">TX</option> <option value="UT">UT</option> <option value="VT">VT</option> <option value="VI">VI</option> <option value="VA">VA</option> <option value="WA">WA</option> <option value="WV">WV</option> <option value="WI">WI</option> <option value="WY">WY</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="field last"><label for="Subscribe-Zip" class="visuallyhidden">Zip</label> <input type="text" name="sf[zip]" id="Subscribe-Zip" placeholder="Zip"> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group"><legend class="outofsight">Email Address</legend> <div class="field"><label for="Subscribe-Email" class="visuallyhidden">Enter your email address</label> <input type="email" name="sf[email]" id="Subscribe-Email" placeholder="Email address"> </div> </fieldset> <p class="actions"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary magazine-signup-form-subscribe-button">Subscribe</button> <span class="or-opt">or</span> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace_gift.php?idx=172&inetz=www-page-subscription-form-L-C&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Cgift%7C30-pct%7Cbanner%7CJan-14%7Cembedded-form%7C338x440%7Cprice-ctrl&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="gift-cta">Give a Gift</a></p> </form> </div> <form action="/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/newsletters/subscribe/" method="get" class="newsletter-signup"> <h5 class="headline">Newsletters</h5> <p class="lead">Updates, newsletters and special offers</p> <ul class="options"> <li>This Week's Best Stories</li> <li>Air & Space Magazine</li> <li>Smithsonian Store</li> <li>Smithsonian Journeys</li> <li>Special Offers</li> </ul> <h6 class="cta-headline">Subscribe Now</h6> <div class="field"><label for="Newsletter-Email" class="visuallyhidden">Enter your email address</label> <input type="email" name="email" id="Newsletter-Email" placeholder="Email address" required> </div> <p class="actions"><button type="submit" class="btn-secondary">Sign up</button></p> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sub-footer-wrapper"> <footer class="sub-footer"><span class="logo-wrap"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="logo"><span class="outofsight">Air & Space Magazine</span></a></span> <nav class="primary-nav nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Homepage</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Daily Planet</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Flight Today</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Space</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Military</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn selected" data-exempt="true">History of Flight</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/interviews/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Interviews</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/photos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Photos</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Videos</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/virtual-space/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav-btn sibling" data-exempt="true">Virtual Space</a> </nav> </footer> </div> <div class="footer-wrapper"> <footer class="site-footer"> <nav class="quinary-nav nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/about/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="About Air & Space">About</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/contact-us/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Contact Us">Contact</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/advertising/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Advertising">Advertising</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/sustainability/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sustainability" target="_blank">Sustainability</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://subscribe.airspacemag.com/airspace.php?idx=263&inetz=www-page-footer-L-C&ipromo=%7Cperm%7Csub%7C54pct%7Ctext%7C%7Cgrey%7C%7Cprice-ctrl&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_blank" title="Subscribe" id="footer-subscribe">Subscribe</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/rss/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="RSS">RSS</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/member-services/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Member Services">Member Services</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.si.edu/termsofuse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_blank" title="Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/about/privacy/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.airspacemag.com/about/privacy/third-party/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ad Choices">Ad Choices</a> </nav> <nav class="affiliates-nav nav"><a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.si.edu/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-institute" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-institute-logo.png" alt="Smithsonian Institution"> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianstore.com/home.do?code=H9IBSMAD&utm_source=Airspacemag.com&utm_medium=globalfooter&utm_campaign=referlink&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-store" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-store-logo.png" alt="Smithsonian Store"> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianjourneys.org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-journeys" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-journeys-logo.png" alt="SmithsonianJourneys.org"> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-magazine" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-logo-small.png" alt="Smithsonian.com"> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/http://www.smithsonianchannel.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-channel" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-channel-logo.png" alt="Smithsonian Channel"> </a> <a href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20190409180347/https://www.smithsonianbooks.com/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="affiliate smithsonian-books" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/img/smithsonian-books-logo.png" alt="Smithsonian Books"> </a> </nav> </footer> </div> <div id="Sticky_Bottom_320x50" class="cbv-ad" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-mobile-2" class="ad-slot ad-slot-notxt ad-mobile ad-fixed-mobile ad-slot-noheader" data-ad-settings="mobileBottom"></div> </div> <script> window.GPT.SFP = 'f40404e7'; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/ads/category-hub.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://native.sharethrough.com/assets/tag.js"></script> <div id="OOP_1x1" class="" style=""> <div id="div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-outofpage" class="" data-ad-settings="outofpage"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-chuckweasley-outofpage'); }); </script> </div> </div> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/dist/js/vendor.min.js"> </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/smartquotesjs-master/dist/smartquotes.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/Pikaday-master/pikaday.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/Pikaday-master/plugins/pikaday.jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/jarallax-master/dist/jarallax.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/plugins/jarallax-master/dist/jarallax-video.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/core/off-canvas-toggle.js"> </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/core/mobile-handling.js"> </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/SlideshowView.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/BillboardMobileView.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/SlideView.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/BillboardDesktopView.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/PhotoEssayView.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/slideshow.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/shop.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/subscribe.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/scrollNav.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/sticky.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/voting.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/main.js"></script> <script> // Google WebFont configuration and initialization WebFontConfig = { google: { families: [ 'Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,300,400,700:latin' ] } }; (function() { var wf = document.createElement('script'); wf.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https' : 'http') + '://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1/webfont.js'; wf.type = 'text/javascript'; wf.async = 'true'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wf, s); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript">cpp_value="AIRSPACEMAG";</script> <script type="text/javascript"> ;(function (g) { var d = document, am = d.createElement('script'), h = d.head || d.getElementsByTagName("head")[0], fsr = 'fsReady', aex = { "src": "//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://gateway.foresee.com/sites/smithsonian/production/gateway.min.js", "type": "text/javascript", "async": "true", "data-vendor": "fs", "data-role": "gateway" }; for (var attr in aex){am.setAttribute(attr, aex[attr]);}h.appendChild(am);g[fsr] = function () {var aT = '__' + fsr + '_stk__';g[aT] = g[aT] || [];g[aT].push(arguments);}; })(window); </script>    <script> window.webtrendsAsyncInit=function(){ var dcs=new Webtrends.dcs().init({ dcsid:"dcsn3ma2badzpx7imuei45lng_7s5c", domain:"logs1.smithsonian.museum", timezone:-5, i18n:true, fpcdom:".airspacemag.com", plugins:{ } }).track(); }; (function(){ var s=document.createElement("script"); s.async=true; s.src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/webtrends.min.js"; var s2=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s2.parentNode.insertBefore(s,s2); }()); </script> <noscript> <img alt="dcsimg" id="dcsimg" width="1" height="1" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://logs1.smithsonian.museum/dcsn3ma2badzpx7imuei45lng_7s5c/njs.gif?dcsuri=/nojavascript&WT.js=No&WT.tv=10.4.23&dcssip=www.airspacemag.com"> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var google_conversion_id = 1046495949; var google_conversion_label = "0H3KCLLm_1wQzYWB8wM"; var google_custom_params = window.google_tag_params; var google_remarketing_only = true; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/conversion.js"></script> <noscript> <div style="display:inline;"><img height="1" width="1" style="border-style:none;" alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190409180347im_/https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/viewthroughconversion/1046495949/?value=1.00&currency_code=USD&label=0H3KCLLm_1wQzYWB8wM&guid=ON&script=0"> </div> </noscript> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409180347js_/https://static-media.smithsonianmag.com/js/widgets/hub.js"></script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>