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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=en" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="New particle formation has been estimated to produce around half of cloud-forming particlesin the present-day atmosphere, via gas-to-particle conversion. Here we assess the importance of newparticle formation (NPF) for both the present-day and the preindustrial atmospheres. We use a globalaerosol model with parametrizations of NPF from previously published CLOUD chamber experimentsinvolving sulfuric acid, ammonia, organic molecules, and ions. We find that NPF produces around 67% ofcloud condensation nuclei at 0.2% supersaturation (CCN0.2%) at the level of low clouds in the preindustrialatmosphere (estimated uncertainty range 45–84%)and 54% in the present day (estimated uncertaintyrange 38–66%). Concerning causes, we find that the importance of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs) in NPF and CCN formation is greater than previously thought. Removing BVOCs and hence allsecondary organic aerosol from our model reduces low-cloud-level CCN concentrations at 0.2%supersaturation by 26% in the present-day atmosphere and 41% in the preindustrial. Around three quartersof this reduction is due to the tiny fraction of the oxidation products of BVOCs that have sufficiently lowvolatility to be involved in NPF and early growth. Furthermore, we estimate that 40% of preindustrialCCN0.2% are formed via ion-induced NPF, compared with 27% in the present day, although we caution thatthe ion-induced fraction of NPF involving BVOCs is poorly measured at present. Our model suggests that theeffect of changes in cosmic ray intensity on CCN is small and unlikely to be comparable to the effect of largevariations in natural primary aerosol emissions Gordon, Hamish; Kirkby, Jasper; Baltensperger, Urs; Bianchi, Federico; Breitenlechner, Martin; Curtius, Joachim; Dias, Antonio; Dommen, Josef; Donahue, Neil M; Dunne, Eimear M; Duplissy, Jonathan; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Flagan, Richard C; Frege, Carla; Fuchs, Claudia; Hansel, Armin; Hoyle, Christopher R; Kulmala, Markku; Kürten, Andreas; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Molteni, Ugo; Rissanen, Matti P; Stozkhov, Yuri; Tröstl, Jasmin; Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios; Wagner, Robert; Williamson, Christina; Wimmer, Daniela; Winkler, Paul M; Yan, Chao; Carslaw, Ken S" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="submitter : Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Gordon, Hamish" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Donahue, Neil M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kulmala, Markku" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Stozkhov, Yuri" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Carslaw, Ken S" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Curtius, Joachim" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ehrhart, Sebastian" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Winkler, Paul M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lehtipalo, Katrianne" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Duplissy, Jonathan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Yan, Chao" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Dommen, Josef" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Breitenlechner, Martin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Dias, Antonio" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Molteni, Ugo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Rissanen, Matti P" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Frege, Carla" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hansel, Armin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Bianchi, Federico" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hoyle, Christopher R" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wagner, Robert" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Flagan, Richard C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Williamson, Christina" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Baltensperger, Urs" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Makhmutov, Vladimir" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Tröstl, Jasmin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Fuchs, Claudia" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Dunne, Eimear M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kirkby, Jasper" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wimmer, Daniela" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kürten, Andreas" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1002/2017JD026844" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="J. 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Res." name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="122" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="8739-8760" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="2017" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2017/11/04"> <meta content="10.1002/2017JD026844" name="citation_doi" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603/files/Gordon_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf" />  <meta content="submitter" property="og:title" /> <meta content="crossref" property="og:title" /> <meta content="Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603" property="og:url" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="submitter" property="og:description" /> <meta content="New particle formation has been estimated to produce around half of cloud-forming particlesin the present-day atmosphere, via gas-to-particle conversion. Here we assess the importance of newparticle formation (NPF) for both the present-day and the preindustrial atmospheres. We use a globalaerosol model with parametrizations of NPF from previously published CLOUD chamber experimentsinvolving sulfuric acid, ammonia, organic molecules, and ions. We find that NPF produces around 67% ofcloud condensation nuclei at 0.2% supersaturation (CCN0.2%) at the level of low clouds in the preindustrialatmosphere (estimated uncertainty range 45–84%)and 54% in the present day (estimated uncertaintyrange 38–66%). Concerning causes, we find that the importance of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs) in NPF and CCN formation is greater than previously thought. Removing BVOCs and hence allsecondary organic aerosol from our model reduces low-cloud-level CCN concentrations at 0.2%supersaturation by 26% in the present-day atmosphere and 41% in the preindustrial. Around three quartersof this reduction is due to the tiny fraction of the oxidation products of BVOCs that have sufficiently lowvolatility to be involved in NPF and early growth. Furthermore, we estimate that 40% of preindustrialCCN0.2% are formed via ion-induced NPF, compared with 27% in the present day, although we caution thatthe ion-induced fraction of NPF involving BVOCs is poorly measured at present. Our model suggests that theeffect of changes in cosmic ray intensity on CCN is small and unlikely to be comparable to the effect of largevariations in natural primary aerosol emissions" property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="en">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2291603%3Fln%3Den" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2291603/?ln=en">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2291603/files?ln=en">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2291603"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  <a style="color:#fff;text-decoration:none" href="https://cds.cern.ch/collection/Published%20Articles">Published Articles</a> </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel" style="vertical-align:top;">Related title</td><td style="padding-left:5px; ">Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres<br/></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Hide" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Show all 32 authors" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Gordon%2C%20Hamish&ln=en">Gordon, Hamish</a> (Leeds U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kirkby%2C%20Jasper&ln=en">Kirkby, Jasper</a> (CERN ; Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baltensperger%2C%20Urs&ln=en">Baltensperger, Urs</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bianchi%2C%20Federico&ln=en">Bianchi, Federico</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Breitenlechner%2C%20Martin&ln=en">Breitenlechner, Martin</a> (Harvard U. (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Curtius%2C%20Joachim&ln=en">Curtius, Joachim</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Dias%2C%20Antonio&ln=en">Dias, Antonio</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Dommen%2C%20Josef&ln=en">Dommen, Josef</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Donahue%2C%20Neil%20M&ln=en">Donahue, Neil M</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Dunne%2C%20Eimear%20M&ln=en">Dunne, Eimear M</a> (Kuopio U.)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Duplissy%2C%20Jonathan&ln=en">Duplissy, Jonathan</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ehrhart%2C%20Sebastian&ln=en">Ehrhart, Sebastian</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main) ; Mainz, Max Planck Inst.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Flagan%2C%20Richard%20C&ln=en">Flagan, Richard C</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Frege%2C%20Carla&ln=en">Frege, Carla</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Fuchs%2C%20Claudia&ln=en">Fuchs, Claudia</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hansel%2C%20Armin&ln=en">Hansel, Armin</a> (Innsbruck U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hoyle%2C%20Christopher%20R&ln=en">Hoyle, Christopher R</a> (PSI, Villigen ; Davos Observ.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kulmala%2C%20Markku&ln=en">Kulmala, Markku</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=K%C3%BCrten%2C%20Andreas&ln=en">Kürten, Andreas</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lehtipalo%2C%20Katrianne&ln=en">Lehtipalo, Katrianne</a> (PSI, Villigen ; Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Makhmutov%2C%20Vladimir&ln=en">Makhmutov, Vladimir</a> (Lebedev Inst.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Molteni%2C%20Ugo&ln=en">Molteni, Ugo</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Rissanen%2C%20Matti%20P&ln=en">Rissanen, Matti P</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Stozkhov%2C%20Yuri&ln=en">Stozkhov, Yuri</a> (Lebedev Inst.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Tr%C3%B6stl%2C%20Jasmin&ln=en">Tröstl, Jasmin</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Tsagkogeorgas%2C%20Georgios&ln=en">Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios</a> (TROPOS, Leibniz) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wagner%2C%20Robert&ln=en">Wagner, Robert</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Williamson%2C%20Christina&ln=en">Williamson, Christina</a> (Colorado U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wimmer%2C%20Daniela&ln=en">Wimmer, Daniela</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Winkler%2C%20Paul%20M&ln=en">Winkler, Paul M</a> (Vienna U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Yan%2C%20Chao&ln=en">Yan, Chao</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Carslaw%2C%20Ken%20S&ln=en">Carslaw, Ken S</a> (Leeds U.)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2017</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">22</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026844"><i>J. Geophys. Res.</i> 122 (2017) 8739-8760</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026844" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1002/2017JD026844</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Other Subjects</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Accelerator/Facility, Experiment </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CERN%20PS&f=693__a">CERN PS</a> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CLOUD%20PS215&f=693__e">CLOUD PS215</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">New particle formation has been estimated to produce around half of cloud-forming particlesin the present-day atmosphere, via gas-to-particle conversion. Here we assess the importance of newparticle formation (NPF) for both the present-day and the preindustrial atmospheres. We use a globalaerosol model with parametrizations of NPF from previously published CLOUD chamber experimentsinvolving sulfuric acid, ammonia, organic molecules, and ions. We find that NPF produces around 67% ofcloud condensation nuclei at 0.2% supersaturation (CCN0.2%) at the level of low clouds in the preindustrialatmosphere (estimated uncertainty range 45–84%)and 54% in the present day (estimated uncertaintyrange 38–66%). Concerning causes, we find that the importance of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs) in NPF and CCN formation is greater than previously thought. Removing BVOCs and hence allsecondary organic aerosol from our model reduces low-cloud-level CCN concentrations at 0.2%supersaturation by 26% in the present-day atmosphere and 41% in the preindustrial. Around three quartersof this reduction is due to the tiny fraction of the oxidation products of BVOCs that have sufficiently lowvolatility to be involved in NPF and early growth. Furthermore, we estimate that 40% of preindustrialCCN0.2% are formed via ion-induced NPF, compared with 27% in the present day, although we caution thatthe ion-induced fraction of NPF involving BVOCs is poorly measured at present. Our model suggests that theeffect of changes in cosmic ray intensity on CCN is small and unlikely to be comparable to the effect of largevariations in natural primary aerosol emissions</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/1633966">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record created 2017-11-04, last modified 2018-06-13</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fulltext:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2291603/files/Gordon_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Atmospheres.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Download fulltext" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=en&recid=2291603">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/hx?ln=en">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/hm?ln=en">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/xm?ln=en">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/xd?ln=en">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/xe?ln=en">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/xn?ln=en">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2291603/export/xw?ln=en">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2291603/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2291603', addEmail: true, title: "Causes and importance of new particle formation in the present-day and preindustrial atmospheres", description: "New particle formation has been estimated to produce around half of cloud-forming particlesin the present-day atmosphere, via gas-to-particle conversion. Here we assess the importance of newparticle formation (NPF) for both the present-day and the preindustrial atmospheres. We use a globalaerosol model with parametrizations of NPF from previously published CLOUD chamber experimentsinvolving sulfuric acid, ammonia, organic molecules, and ions. We find that NPF produces around 67% ofcloud condensation nuclei at 0.2% supersaturation (CCN0.2%) at the level of low clouds in the preindustrialatmosphere (estimated uncertainty range 45\u201384%)and 54% in the present day (estimated uncertaintyrange 38\u201366%). Concerning causes, we find that the importance of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs) in NPF and CCN formation is greater than previously thought. Removing BVOCs and hence allsecondary organic aerosol from our model reduces low-cloud-level CCN concentrations at 0.2%supersaturation by 26% in the present-day atmosphere and 41% in the preindustrial. Around three quartersof this reduction is due to the tiny fraction of the oxidation products of BVOCs that have sufficiently lowvolatility to be involved in NPF and early growth. Furthermore, we estimate that 40% of preindustrialCCN0.2% are formed via ion-induced NPF, compared with 27% in the present day, although we caution thatthe ion-induced fraction of NPF involving BVOCs is poorly measured at present. Our model suggests that theeffect of changes in cosmic ray intensity on CCN is small and unlikely to be comparable to the effect of largevariations in natural primary aerosol emissions" }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? 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