CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.researchgate.net",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8e8f520989e93f5d',cH: 'Whi.l9OInCZuU09TObHyBwGtcgTUPVc3W1wDwJetCm4-1732681171-1.2.1.1-9CspFgXkrKllk5CxuC1uMUk0eFd9M4i1J30PSOqd51R_1iUc0gHBlgi44L.Gh5Di',cUPMDTk: "\/?__cf_chl_tk=y8iVpixeJptGeStolZLFMA0HrA.1L_exFFRMihOEo6Q-1732681171-1.0.1.1-54akmkK53uT48BQxDSotkE.WFWIxhUMzKhf2_5LD3aA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1732681171',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=y8iVpixeJptGeStolZLFMA0HrA.1L_exFFRMihOEo6Q-1732681171-1.0.1.1-54akmkK53uT48BQxDSotkE.WFWIxhUMzKhf2_5LD3aA",md: "G5A9HE.rk.1dVODjmSZy0Gsh_1jPsu9t7nB4e56_VBU-1732681171-1.2.1.1-_3qNUlODfM_3qfrgiRIcOOKbP2iok2oZk2NoYYeM2.TuqFefqcqWEPR.nuAbmqBihQaXCHqWGDbsQaeSzMFq0jNx.oKziZv5O3tKkeB_BUioIgI0LklQhxaNLKxQZbnu9rpOOG6Yk55f1CRQ5KiA8s_KIj6lhh2MZEWcbNnH90j65C6ERj9pnQZDSLI8O9tooI98W_exO.CG5t8ydljhx.n00MKfBIZdU_68wR8HOvrKkcJpLy2NtpCGtJqHXw2PhzfRwilo48aWRPLzxw_XM_ZojICxVO4MSM9BHFLYULdCZm.Ozg0jYfl_6YhfODx3uc7_UB.yT6XPCdxjw3KCyvq0241uuvT25GEsntTjyEMQYFCzV40qde3XWXsOPzeaezhFQfqIv3_S4zrVGOUnyPk.QqVvn.0laHL35ih3kPik9P0oi8uXg853pHWYRetOcDXkA.9JgRqdz1HwsXWPIv6MOxKQ6D47YXSVP09gO2ihFofkEyq95pO9yKoTOAq5NazTtBWVL.2bjGiUGolEUV3Nb29gtMNqx.5rvNDI.y2sJTy801cXdIPU4XS9pKgsBttYaLQM30JnE6GuM4F1q5aBkPaQxHx4Tf8pQPm5bnLW43qFDjxOc1flcjAlZbnMUxPaoXR1uRRDsx.P.8XAxTyZw7axx0F0It7LpofpjZpl_ODbDxBGIRiaFUnzuEyd8tXZy.1.nIs.sqjLOI7vERr7J3sOCSlXEIeOjrPY10WzzLZ6viJJNaTMPU2_UId_Eh77VOqRwaxIITboNUKBKHcO5yTrL35sQTTYHtZR1quyUCaunMPwiVsjbnRQMP3L35NDl8quVHdnk12XVG.A3IrmAXP9fVIYdSSDVXKbUWL3Fn2D78UKlrNGzTsP2RjWe_IhbOYubi_uNt_7kQAS.Hx1T.W5ZU5M8g_uEuj3ir_p418lGKk9wxc3JoGzbAprWiJCTki41hER4He5rlDwk7C.zeRQNo7YyDkv3XbfRJyPLWz4QIrUg1wmGQ_TF3QZ58OrZnR8xqr5sMYJwHWBJCMvONxpER7nEs0NqeagaDOOw8aFldQnItM0NLyOsrnt7Q.N5kzzD.mwcENg.UWer_4Wu.0OUit2S2g.ydONOXnj4dkCBjYJ1GtJOUupZ28RAQqIv1umPZI6IaibQgdkTkkYN5Q3eQPmDtqKjMtIXqFiXVAa0uh1Ke.qRbYhNYfM7SyNELp42yQlZOb3lB4SquI4JrE4XRUMY9YFZ4xN6F3QRUsmQqG_uBU50mQdtNH08jC4t9xJ4pM42a.htpQ.nTlpeKUP2GhFhR5uW6NsQFeokKKoUZrgCOc9Pe4uEVWAuZSRVxo1G_J9lM24e0io4HMzFW81lTbuYaf9QraS.R3H78xVrKPe6zHKMLX4G_lgbVU026rrYKR2ztzSva9kt_YeEk8LqK4o2ER3B_uDpVzPNeQxFyx1V0RHhyY7ve9ah6CC6lvDFl9lQAYcA7Qf8w5LQYFxb89yr4m.Oz0jScS2X86QrLVqgjQtm5sY3Zjq03LAwZcC9weISyrRoMNDQvVo6zTaIbaqP17OCTrMC6rAptTvgnd0.gJazO8133fc6zgUzONzHFOloPtATN_FndsX9s5lo4kOMUjroPrIUQSDJiUcIcvmL5qYltozoMWOPggyNjj_.M3EXAF7F4LTcS_6N5DHvUTqvihdAjcLuoVEzl77jkbUJJ3zZE3F0Ey6wukUE0UohkumBHmohchRaOyXcfNKidkO5fm36wwJi7Sz1Lmetyy2HLojC95O26KnoqGbt.z_WT222Gv1VCp39Qwc1OeBipP7KCRuobbMhWZNjPEsYyGnga7XkdF5lwSBq66oHDScO.w8YVB09m6GrhvJSINYP0TKlkLOxZpgWIB3FwQ.dkSxE9PzFAldpDg_TJQgVGfVkjfvojCPx7RnGc4f8CihXyPel.O2qNsfKlCA0wNVRbfzJu1FaK9lMGjF.ZFsPaC6GIAK6aNu7fFMh6y_Cb7q9kXWucHwJFUemx2XhRJEOOiEU27cQsp8utGfmZ0hPFb2FPtiLrVembMDxGfpuH5IO6Db8SqgDsdZ6pwTXeRC1x4rnVTeKHWwA.tDomO7MC2BjWzzssX.grOZzOyA4X0.JmxAYG_DARtwPYhYve_zFppbN4GE_rJbmKJ7LCw9rm5cBoVLwK8avmEJkKwrInNkQjzB1lnPXaAMHEFdvSGpCX4PWwLmRxqTM.imKQAriyM99RE0WgfEFQLOvTTsC7c7esv9ZRjG5dvJoodtozcvXBaPXY9rPocuwzk80GAeNkeFJqWEbdNA_301VHZPNiCNXG1D.mhX_azbOTWFtguTYMO0oiiNWVQ0ycnlCvq9B3nT5EIaa4ViNIbBx2bddYCN3P3Xvkvb7cEk2LE0lRG4tR6Joq1CEoNXh5TU.9diCUP1ugZfjO2EJrEKwMHGWMFKeCNLAJ9rHqm1HdfTmXxYFH3LFlCoV0bD2eP0xqAr22X1z77KOI9bdmt8e.lBRJjIwaxSobwmudiFKCb0p.7r207XFrRaI75rfQwbn7xGoNo3XbhHii_VMU.eC.N6GRi3rqvuOrTiZsO95F8OjDePDe_8bydHxTnR3ApW7L1iEdPdLdaIL3ZH3LKsPNo58_HLkkTXsdD4X2lopRoY9IrNGZRolM677EGgE0idyqVu_4P9VUCgYs8yu9.2i1GEc.ex1kb.pd19ehxqwGNPUHOylawh4l60TpBIubflhs00MGPu9scDeCkDDPKORYN7xUvmUo0d2xJvURSW588LtsAO0Y2n.rGtwRnuNjTveMlZsvYMNcMIIAo8mSbC.nLBauQpEE0WuZ8Phqf7NCAnZ3v8.tvBIuNqnoLZcfhcsMF1GVpK7HMnM8S7figpd.bwmduOTRXxPFxq8y4OvgIHCQPK1hWw2e_3z026O74XNPOzgIOTX6dlgThdsBA5vA",mdrd: "1r.3wlmGnA9pLUcihF4fKCwpy3q3RyIelCd4iYtO_vY-1732681171-1.2.1.1-_4FLyFWq97ug2d2NG0O6zVhPz1Y8d3ORljvL8Q.efFBG.5t5V0jzXn.p5pS59o8OAdvl6NheCycKVOFXo5oTCOZj2m5MsaUUqtB56AP.B1wAyet8ciipnU7vbuMuq6vpLaKYlj_Q5RrVdANHUtCw6VaQTgqbAkEBr01fTtld_PIagzsC5U9BhukbvUa4PvsbCj6vUoSepvEYsObxJrbKxQvY5BGy_EvtvUXMpPwOTDjRENuHXFo6C_WHGEaVjyMlj_Oq.fIpuYqqsZTQhdwyXHVDbJvgnkmgJRB7PKTXTFc8OpQrjxFphi.JVRsTcBIYsJCwRnAnDESNx41xuBQoP.ntapi.KV4ugcRkkADuJbCzyicjCybvdG_G6gGbDIW2Me0fcnObUKYQY6X.54prSdimjotfQ8zruxyTwCV3eCt.hL2UkDnsTcSkQFzD90Wjmb6G.t8r1kehkD_5fXyo6QG9hvig9eISOm9KGxusb88x6sZio7NvIaA3zlatjBy4SmbNe8LvcDTtJlCPEWBmMXZ.2sdYyIXhy5NYH8ofV5Li2T27eNc0.TSPQnOga1YBDXAlaZKcNCbc1Mt4GQ_oyafPOmxtV6i.qVLlg7934_zOIorqmtpkp6onlcDR5QWx6oo8IUo1B9rxAFxxrr0GUqgCrpnMqXWlKDaLoJhPyhicFtECsWK2t5Cjpv98iXbYCnvl7.7iy6sMIZcEiRXf1rxm36acCgNKlSILcylJihTcwtVsvc323wOj6wfmmmSwD2KvTr7oQB17xMscOJDSr_dRr9UzHtO_N7IpYt43OtmJWx13Pt0hsYDOZLXpEzaDWQWkogP4l4PbgpFmuiMm6PJyKF0Cbsft8J9jAjlsUSBe.h45_X6UUu0RQwko_hH47KIAn2GSXofrzo_mSQkrFobRv84lgLdbsWwMadGMNq05BDPdODszsM5l56x7sG8959jIjv_COfWWudKUT6Fwvebs97gKb7tW2J0I4b6bHtA87XeYqkqnXCPaxDqngz_hkyMgcRt4Pjud72UIm9PZkLSzZ1Yd4ieiFD3dJXQLqaWFF39IpjVC3nQ9gx0wnSmhuvzATusA_AOunuXUadjhSCAG3ccTKKZwM000ga4RisDzYz.ig0jgr45TE9D4ds55p6JMMn5Km1orW7sgG1nUFfevOVpBtL9ryUK72tTWlNb43FQIWuQC.IJsRqE69yJnYI.vMQY3nBcTJdU.koUBxLcl7RMd0deKoNEyU9N6Zx7kyHy_0tD6KJ1.8Zoc3lHtMXVRPvQ7ojXTqpLm5smKQn0XxKuOCmncBI9NLXa0IKvLvcSNZhgWBEDz6AhcrY.lW6Ay5glgL6YRjixoUmB1RlP8IM8pH627C2nkbbhIU1wl82Xc6SrITXFdTe3GGb1VI5yZWVtf7yQxv8jmTnATVtQMCuq2drsZxLbNt_FTN1Ah8QmyOEnCiPl5eAbZrd81cOgHTuLO3lcPFuG0ioDITaucZK4SWvuHHSgVaoPAW7VgM6r_GEZN_tQDXqrA4u4jijs17pWDBYKqGN9omnpkkkU7nR2QeC2bv9VxWjW3HNGXbXfETwiMrE65vljJYKHD.L4jShPrKefZWRaTiZ9E6kgguyo2Fn.eFYYgNVGt6R7GLt2yBhmSjV.zcmjq6pQbO63SX15b89T9TZSeEK71eIy390GxpvgVuw.7daDfMXxWdRswWcl97icE_h_0OviYjbm56qeL2fRuOUicZ6QgiISFiNgJZMUtK8njPK9595vhCrGoWoK3g9NKrJRPdr7hXB5pbq0IzEe6BfEFtJ6bzskm5arI4E2y8AFGlnh5UuSXyl.XuZotbTcxlTgPnbAJkfaNFA0zEGrR0qkfkvNgatqL5nZvt6w25FJBFNuy0LlfOjGtHfLl.F5f.mzluIvFblMeGm3wX3iMXhU.vtS56.2yhsMhVKttXpJtCQyQTmtqCukoHTfssl8i0AWAGSSeT_UdfjgOxiQvDB8OH2w0dg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e8f520989e93f5d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=y8iVpixeJptGeStolZLFMA0HrA.1L_exFFRMihOEo6Q-1732681171-1.0.1.1-54akmkK53uT48BQxDSotkE.WFWIxhUMzKhf2_5LD3aA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>