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leishmaniasis</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: cutaneous leishmaniasis"> <meta name="keywords" content="cutaneous leishmaniasis"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="cutaneous leishmaniasis"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 142</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: cutaneous leishmaniasis</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Treatment Outcome of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Its Associated Factors among Admitted Patients in All Africa Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Center Hospital, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kebede%20Mairie">Kebede Mairie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getahun%20Belete"> Getahun Belete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitike%20Abeba"> Mitike Abeba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Leishmania aethiopica is a peculiar parasite causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia and its mainstay treatment is Sodium Stibogluconate. However, its treatment outcome in Ethiopia is not well documented. Objectives: To determine the treatment outcome of admitted cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and its associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 1st November 2021 to 30th March 2022. Medical records of all cutaneous leishmaniasis-diagnosed and admitted patients who received parenteral sodium stibogluconate at All Africa Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Center (ALERT) hospital, the main Leishmania treatment center in Ethiopia from July 2011 to September 2021 were reviewed. Results: A total of 827 charts of admitted cases from July 2011 to September 2021 were retrieved, but 667 (80.65%) were reviewed. Improvement in the treatment outcome was recorded in 93.36 % in the first course of SSG treatment and 96.23%, 94.62%, and 96.97% subsequently in the second, third and fourth treatment courses, respectively. Female gender and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis were the two predictive determinants in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Conclusion: The study shows that parenteral sodium stibogluconate therapy treats hospitalized cutaneous leishmaniasis patients well, with female gender and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis having poor outcomes suggesting the need for a different approach for diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title="cutaneous leishmaniasis">cutaneous leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmania%20aethiopica" title=" leishmania aethiopica"> leishmania aethiopica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20stibogluconate" title=" sodium stibogluconate"> sodium stibogluconate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuse%20cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title=" diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis"> diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pentostam" title=" pentostam"> pentostam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164278/treatment-outcome-of-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-and-its-associated-factors-among-admitted-patients-in-all-africa-leprosy-rehabilitation-and-training-center-hospital-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Separation, Identification, and Measuring Gossypol in the Cottonseed Oil and Investigating the Performance of Drugs Prepared from the Combination of Plant Extract and Oil in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Resistant to Drugs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Taghdisi">Sara Taghdisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mirmohammadi"> M. Mirmohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mokhtarian"> M. Mokhtarian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2013, the World Health Organization announced the cases of Cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in Iran between 69,000 to 113,000. The most common chemical drugs for Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment are sodium stibogluconate, and meglumine antimonate, which not only have relatively many side effects, but also some species of the Leishmania genus have become resistant to them .The most prominent compound existing in different parts of the cotton plant is a yellow polyphenol called Gossypol. Gossypol is an extremely valuable compound and has anti-cancer properties. In the current project, Gossypol was extracted with a liquid-liquid extraction method in 120 minutes in the presence of Phosphoric acid from the cotton seed oil of Golestan beach varieties, then got crystallized in darkness using Acetic acid and isolated as Gossypol Acetic acid. The efficiency of the extracted crystal was obtained at 0.12+- 1.28. the cotton plant could be efficient in the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis. The extract of the green-leaf cotton boll of Jargoyeh varieties was tested as an ointment on the target group of patients suffering from Cutaneous leishmaniasis resistant to drugs esistant to drugs by our colleagues in the research team. The results showed the Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.72 between the two variables of wound diameter and the extract use over time which indicated the positive effect of this extract on the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis was resistant to drugs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cottonseed%20oil" title="cottonseed oil">cottonseed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallization" title=" crystallization"> crystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gossypol" title=" gossypol"> gossypol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green-leaf" title=" green-leaf"> green-leaf</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170536/separation-identification-and-measuring-gossypol-in-the-cottonseed-oil-and-investigating-the-performance-of-drugs-prepared-from-the-combination-of-plant-extract-and-oil-in-the-treatment-of-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-resistant-to-drugs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> The Clinical Significance of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Immigrant and Refugee Populations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Promise%20Ufomadu">Promise Ufomadu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edgar%20Rodriguez"> Edgar Rodriguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Lee"> Grace Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an infection caused by a variety of Leishmania species which are protozoan organisms that are typically carried by sandflies found in tropical regions. The parasite causes skin lesions that may resolve spontaneously but commonly become chronic and therefore necessitate thorough clinical attention. We present a 15-year-old female patient with CL of her bilateral dorsal hands, which resolved after a 28-day course of miltefosine. This case details the significance of compiling a thorough patient history and considering CL as a possible differential in patients from endemic regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title="leishmaniasis">leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrant" title=" immigrant"> immigrant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parasites" title=" parasites"> parasites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatrics" title=" pediatrics"> pediatrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168690/the-clinical-significance-of-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-in-immigrant-and-refugee-populations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Human Population of District Kurram, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Abid">Shah Abid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leishmaniasis is a collection of zoonotic infections that affect the viscera, skin, and mucous membrane and are spread by several species of female sandflies in the subfamily phlebotominae. The study's goal was to assess the prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in District Kurram using descriptive and cross-sectional methods. From December 2022 to May 2023, the study was carried out at Tehsil Head Quarter (THQ) Hospital, Sadda, District Kurram in the Dermatology Department. The disease was identified using a laboratory method based on clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis. A clean slide's surface was applied to the scraped-off portion of the lesions and rubbed over the blood to make a smear on the slide. The slides were methanol-fixed, stained with traditional Giemsa, and meticulously examined at high magnification to search for LD bodies. The necessary information, such as residence area, lesion kind and location, age, sex, and the total number of lesions, was meticulously acquired. During the time of the investigation, 393 instances of cutaneous leishmaniasis were observed. 1 year to 70 years old was the age range (mean age: 35.45). The age group that was most severely impacted, 16 years and older, had 23 (11.67%) children with this condition. Male to female ratio was 9.7:10. Most of the cases (n=52, 26.29%), were reported in the month of May. Majority of the patients 102 (51.77%) had lesion on face. 42 (16.73) patients had multiple lesions on their body. Face was the most common site followed by lower limbs 93 (37.05). Weekly intralesional injections of sodium stibogluconate (glucantime) were administered to all patients. Without any noticeable adverse effects, all patients had positive responses to the treatment. The condition affects adults more commonly than children, according to analysis of the combined results, and it is more common in women than in men. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=District%20Kurram" title="District Kurram">District Kurram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title=" cutaneous leishmaniasis"> cutaneous leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoonosis" title=" zoonosis"> zoonosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucantime" title=" glucantime"> glucantime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193843/prevalence-of-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-in-human-population-of-district-kurram-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Isolation, Identification and Measurement of Cottonseed Oil Gossypol in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Cutaneous Leishmaniasis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Taghdisi">Sara Taghdisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrosadat%20Mirmohammadi"> Mehrosadat Mirmohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Mokhtarian"> Mostafa Mokhtarian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hossein%20Pazandeh"> Mohammad Hossein Pazandeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leishmaniasis is one of the 10 most important diseases of the World Health Organization with health problems in more than 90 countries. Over one billion people are at risk of these diseases on almost every continent. The present human study was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of cotton plant on cutaneous leishmaniasis leision. firstly, the cotton seeds were cleaned and grinded to smaller particles. In the second step, the seeds were oiled by cold press method. In order to separate bioactive compound, after saponification of the oil, its gossypol was hydrolyzed and crystalized. finally, the therapeutic effect of Cottonseed Oil on cutaneous leishmaniasis was investigated. In the current project, Gossypol was extracted with a liquid-liquid extraction method in 120 minutes in the presence of Phosphoric acid from the cotton seed oil of Golestan beach varieties, then got crystallized in darkness using Acetic acid and isolated as Gossypol Acetic acid. The efficiency of the extracted crystal was obtained at 1.28±0.12. the cotton plant could be efficient in the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis. This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 88 cases of leishmaniasis wounds. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 44 cases. two groups received conventional treatment. In addition to the usual treatment (glucantime), the first group received cottonseed oil and the control group received placebo. The results of the present study showed that the surface of lesion before the intervention and in the first to fourth weeks after the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (P-value> 0.05). But the surface of lesion in the Intervention group in the eighth and twelfth weeks was lower than the control group (P-value <0.05). This study showed that the improvement of leishmaniasis lesion using topical cotton plant mark in the eighth and twelfth weeks after the intervention was significantly more than the control group. Considering the most common chemical drugs for Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment are sodium stibogluconate, and meglumine antimonate, which not only have relatively many side effects, but also some species of the Leishmania genus have become resistant to them. Therefore, a plant base bioactive compound such as cottonseed oil can be useful whit fewer side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cottonseed%20oil" title="cottonseed oil">cottonseed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallization" title=" crystallization"> crystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gossypol" title=" gossypol"> gossypol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title=" leishmaniasis"> leishmaniasis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184861/isolation-identification-and-measurement-of-cottonseed-oil-gossypol-in-the-treatment-of-drug-resistant-cutaneous-leishmaniasis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184861.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Genomic Analysis of Whole Genome Sequencing of Leishmania Major</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatimazahrae%20Elbakri">Fatimazahrae Elbakri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azeddine%20Ibrahimi"> Azeddine Ibrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Lemrani"> Meryem Lemrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dris%20Belghyti"> Dris Belghyti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leishmaniasis represents a major public health problem because of the number of cases recorded each year and the wide distribution of the disease. It is a parasitic disease of flagellated protozoa transmitted by the bite of certain species of sandfly, causing a spectrum of clinical pathology in humans ranging from disfiguring skin lesions to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is a polymorphic disease; in fact, the infection can be asymptomatic, localized, or disseminated. The objective of this work is to determine the genomic diversity that contributes to clinical variability by trying to identify the variation in chromosome number and to extract SNPs and SNPs and InDels; it is based on four sequences (WGS) of Leishmania major available on NCBI in Fastq form, from three countries: Tunisia, Algeria, and Israel, the analysis is set up from a pipeline to facilitate the discovery of genetic diversity, in particular SNP and chromosomal somy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leshmania%20major" title="Leshmania major">Leshmania major</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20Leishmania" title=" cutaneous Leishmania"> cutaneous Leishmania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NGS" title=" NGS"> NGS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genomic" title=" genomic"> genomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=somy" title=" somy"> somy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variant%20calling" title=" variant calling"> variant calling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170783/genomic-analysis-of-whole-genome-sequencing-of-leishmania-major" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Epidemiology, Prevention and Treatment of Leishmaniasis in Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Mohammadi">Mohammad Reza Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layegheh%20Daliri"> Layegheh Daliri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Leishmaniasis occurs in infectious diseases of Leishmania protozoa in Afghanistan, anthroponotic leishmaniasis and common cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL). Anthroponotic skin leishmania tropica may cause urban diseases and transmitted by Phlebotomus Sergenti. In different parts of Afghanistan, different species of Leishmania are observed. We report the epidemiological characteristics of prevention and treatment in this study. Methods: This study examines the epidemiology and prevention of religious diseases in Afghanistan. Knowledge gaps were analyzed and collected with our own data. Results: In Afghanistan, most of the Lishmania Tropic seekers are Four species of Leishmania in northern Afghanistan, including Leishmania Tropica, L. Major and L. Donovani, cause skin lesions, but L. Donovani and L. infantum are visible. Even combined prevention can significantly reduce the amount of infection. Conclusion: Skinny, as well as visceral leishmaniasis, can occur among the returnees from Afghanistan. Unusual and poor skin lesions can be created by L. Donovani. In most pathogenic areas, the transmission of common diseases between humans and animals. Home dogs are the main reservoir, transferring in some areas such as India and Sudan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmania%20donovani" title="leishmania donovani">leishmania donovani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmania%20tropica" title=" leishmania tropica"> leishmania tropica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease" title=" disease"> disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142585/epidemiology-prevention-and-treatment-of-leishmaniasis-in-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Gossypol Extraction from Cotton Seed and Evaluation of Cotton Seed and Boll-cotton-pol Extract on Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Resistant to Drugs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mirmohammadi">M. Mirmohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Taghdisi"> S. Taghdisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Anali"> F. Anali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gossypol is a yellow anti-nutritional compound found in the cotton plant. This substance exists in the cottonseed and other parts of the cotton plant, such as bark, leaves, and stems. Chemically, gossypol is a very active polyphenolic aldehyde compound, and due to this polyphenolic structure, it has antioxidant and therapeutic properties. On the other hand, this compound, especially in free form, has many toxic effects, that its excessive consumption can be very dangerous for humans and animals. In this study, gossypol was extracted as a derivative compound of gossypol acetic acid from cottonseed using the n-hexane solvent with an efficiency of 0.84 ± 0.04, which compared to the Gossypol extracted from cottonseed oil with the same method (cold press) showed a significant difference with its efficiency of 1.14 ± 0.06. Therefore, it can be suggested to use cottonseed oil to extract this valuable compound. In the other part of this research, cottonseed extracts and cotton bolls extracts were obtained by two methods of soaking and Soxhlet with hydroalcoholic solvent taken with a ratio of (25:75), then by using extracts and corn starch powder, four herbal medicine code was created and after receiving the code of ethics (IR.SSU.REC.1398.136) the therapeutic effect of each one on the Cutaneous leishmaniasis resistant to drugs (caused by the leishmaniasis parasite) was investigated in real patients and its results was compared with the common drug glucantime (local ampoule) (n = 36). Statistical studies showed that the use of herbal medicines prepared with cottonseed extract and cotton bolls extract has a significant positive effect on the treatment of the disease’s wounds (p-value > 0.05) compared to the control group (only ethanol). Also, by comparing the average diameter of the wounds after a two-month treatment period, no significant difference was found between the use of ointment containing extracts and local glucantime ampoules (p-value < 0.05). Bolls extract extracted with the Soxhlet method showed the best therapeutic effects, although there was no significant difference between them (p-value < 0.05). Therefore, there is acceptable reliability to recommend this medicine for the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis resistant to drugs without the side effects of the chemical drug glucantime and the pain of injecting the ampoule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cottonseed%20oil" title="cottonseed oil">cottonseed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gossypol" title=" gossypol"> gossypol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton%20boll" title=" cotton boll"> cotton boll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title=" cutaneous leishmaniasis"> cutaneous leishmaniasis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170552/gossypol-extraction-from-cotton-seed-and-evaluation-of-cotton-seed-and-boll-cotton-pol-extract-on-treatment-of-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-resistant-to-drugs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Attitude and Knowledge of Primary Health Care Physicians and Local Inhabitants about Leishmaniasis and Sandfly in West Alexandria, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Randa%20M.%20Ali">Randa M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naguiba%20F.%20Loutfy"> Naguiba F. Loutfy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20M.%20Awad"> Osama M. Awad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease, affecting 88 countries, it is estimated that about 350 million people are at risk of leishmaniasis. Overall prevalence is 12 million people with annual mortality of about 60,000. Annual incidence is 1,500,000 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) worldwide and half million cases of visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess primary health care physicians knowledge (PHP) and attitude about leishmaniasis and to assess awareness of local inhabitants about the disease and its vector in four areas in west Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: This study was a cross sectional survey that was conducted in four PHC units in west Alexandria. All physicians currently working in these units during the study period were invited to participate in the study, only 20 PHP completed the questionnaire. 60 local inhabitant were selected randomly from the four areas of the study, 15 from each area; Data was collected through two different specially designed questionnaires. Results: 11(55%) percent of the physicians had satisfactory knowledge, they answered more than 9 (60%) questions out of a total 14 questions about leishmaniasis and sandfly. The second part of the questionnaire is concerned with attitude of the primary health care physicians about leishmaniasis, 17 (85%) had good attitude and 3 (15%) had poor attitude. The second questionnaire showed that the awareness of local inhabitants about leishmaniasis and sandly as a vector of the disease is poor and needs to be corrected. Most of the respondents (90%) had not heard about leishmaniasis, Only 3 (5%) of the interviewed inhabitants said they know sandfly and its role in transmission of leishmaniasis. Conclusions: knowledge and attitudes of physicians are acceptable. However, there is, room for improvement and could be done through formal training courses and distribution of guidelines. In addition to raising the awareness of primary health care physicians about the importance of early detection and notification of cases of lesihmaniasis. Moreover, health education for raising awareness of the public regarding the vector and the disease is necessary because related studies have demonstrated that if the inhabitants do not perceive mosquitoes to be responsible for diseases such as malaria they do not take enough measures to protect themselves against the vector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title="leishmaniasis">leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHP" title=" PHP"> PHP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20inhabitants" title=" local inhabitants "> local inhabitants </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12442/attitude-and-knowledge-of-primary-health-care-physicians-and-local-inhabitants-about-leishmaniasis-and-sandfly-in-west-alexandria-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Infection of Phlebotomus Sergenti with Leishmania Tropica in a Classical Focus of Leishmania Major in Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaouther%20Jaouadi">Kaouther Jaouadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihene%20Bettaieb"> Jihene Bettaieb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20Bennour"> Amira Bennour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghassen%20Kharroubi"> Ghassen Kharroubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadok%20Salem"> Sadok Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afif%20Ben%20Salah"> Afif Ben Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Tunisia, chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (L) tropica is an important health problem. Its spreading has not been fully elucidated. Information on sandfly vectors, as well as their associated Leishmania species, is of paramount importance since vector dispersion is one of the major factors responsible for pathogen dissemination. In total, 650 sandflies were captured between June and August 2015 using sticky paper traps in the governorate of Sidi Bouzid, a classical focus of L. major in the Central-West of Tunisia. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 and sequencing were used for Leishmania detection and identification. Ninety-seven unfed females were tested for the presence of Leishmania parasite DNA. Six Phlebotomus sergenti were found positive for L. tropica. This finding enhances the understanding of the cycle extension of L. tropica outside its original focus of Tataouine in the South-East of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title="cutaneous leishmaniasis">cutaneous leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20tropica" title=" Leishmania tropica"> Leishmania tropica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandflies" title=" sandflies"> sandflies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127947/infection-of-phlebotomus-sergenti-with-leishmania-tropica-in-a-classical-focus-of-leishmania-major-in-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Ribosomal Protein S4 Gene: Exploring the Presence in Syrian Strain of Leishmania Tropica Genome, Sequencing it and Evaluating Immune Response of pCI-S4 DNA Vaccine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alyaa%20Abdlwahab">Alyaa Abdlwahab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cutaneous leishmaniasis represents a serious health problem in Syria; this problem has become noticeably aggravated after the civil war in the country. Leishmania tropica parasite is the main cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Syria. In order to control the disease, we need an effective vaccine against leishmania parasite. DNA vaccination remains one of the favorable approaches that have been used to face cutaneous leishmaniasis. Ribosomal protein S4 is responsible for important roles in Leishmania parasite life. DNA vaccine based on S4 gene has been used against infections by many species of Leishmania parasite but leishmania tropica parasite, so this gene represents a good candidate for DNA vaccine construction. After proving the existence of ribosomal protein S4 gene in a Syrian strain of Leishmania tropica (LCED Syrian 01), sequencing it and cloning it into pCI plasmid, BALB/C mice were inoculated with pCI-S4 DNA vaccine. The immune response was determined by monitoring the lesion progression in inoculated BALB/C mice for six weeks after challenging mice with Leishmania tropica (LCED Syrian 01) parasites. IL-12, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were quantified in draining lymph nodes (DLNa) of the immunized BALB/C mice by using the RT-qPCR technique. The parasite burden was calculated in the final week for the footpad lesion and the DLNs of the mice. This study proved the existence and the expression of the ribosomal protein S4 gene in Leishmania tropica (LCED Syrian 01) promastigotes. The sequence of ribosomal protein cDNA S4 gene was determined and published in Genbank; the gene size was 822 bp. Expression was also demonstrated at the level of cDNA. Also, this study revealed that pCI-S4 DNA vaccine induces TH1\TH2 response in immunized mice; this response prevents partially developing a dermal lesion of Leishmania. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ribosomal%20protein%20S4" title="ribosomal protein S4">ribosomal protein S4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20vaccine" title=" DNA vaccine"> DNA vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20tropica" title=" Leishmania tropica"> Leishmania tropica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BALB%5Cc" title=" BALB\c"> BALB\c</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146394/ribosomal-protein-s4-gene-exploring-the-presence-in-syrian-strain-of-leishmania-tropica-genome-sequencing-it-and-evaluating-immune-response-of-pci-s4-dna-vaccine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> The Survey of Phlebotomine Sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) of Al-Asaba Area in the Northwest Region of the Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asherf%20El-Abaied">Asherf El-Abaied</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elsadik%20Anan"> Elsadik Anan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badereddin%20Annajar"> Badereddin Annajar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Saieh"> Mustafa Saieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abudalnaser%20El-Buni"> Abudalnaser El-Buni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) has been endemic in the Northwestern region of Libya for over nine decades. Survey of sandfly fauna in the region revealed that 13 species have been recorded with various distribution and abundance patterns. Phlebotomus papatasi proved to be the main vector of the disease in many areas. To identify sandfly species present in the Al-Asaba town and determine their spatial and seasonal abundance. An epidemiological analysis of the data obtained from the recorded cases was also carried out. Sand flies collected from various sites using sticky traps and CDC miniature light traps during the period from March-November 2006. Recorded ZCL cases were collected from the local Primary Health Care Department and analysed using SPSS statistical package. Ten species of sandflies were identified, seven belong to the genus Phlebotomus and three belong to the genus Sergentomyia. P. papatasi was the most abundant species with peak season recorded in September. The prevalence of the disease was low however; notable increase of ZCL cases in last three years has been indicated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title="Cutaneous leishmaniasis">Cutaneous leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phlebotomus%20papatasi" title=" Phlebotomus papatasi"> Phlebotomus papatasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandfly%20fauna" title=" sandfly fauna"> sandfly fauna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libya" title=" Libya"> Libya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5821/the-survey-of-phlebotomine-sandfly-diptera-psychodidae-of-al-asaba-area-in-the-northwest-region-of-the-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Refractory Visceral Leishmaniasis Responding to Second-Line Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preet%20Shah">Preet Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Om%20Shrivastav"> Om Shrivastav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction : In India, Leishmania donovani is the only parasite causing Leishmaniasis. The parasite infects the reticuloendothelial system and is found in the bone marrow, spleen and liver. Treatment of choice is amphotericin-B with sodium stibogluconate being an alternative. Miltefosine is useful in refractory cases. In our case, Leishmaniasis occurred in a person residing in western India (which is quite rare) and it failed to respond to two different drugs (again an uncommon feature) before it finally responded to a third one. Description: A 50 year old lady, a resident of western India, with no history of recent travel, presented with an ulcer on the left side of the nose since 8 months. She was apparently alright 8 months back, when she noticed a small ulcerated lesion on the left ala of the nose which was immediately biopsied. The biopsy revealed amastigotes of Leishmania for which she was administered intra-lesional sodium stibogluconate for 1 month (4 doses every 8 days).Despite this, there was no regression of the ulcer and hence she presented to us for further management. On examination, her vital parameters were normal. Barring an ulcer on the left side of the nose, rest of the examination findings were unremarkable. Complete blood count was normal. Ultrasound abdomen showed hepatomegaly. PET-CT scan showed increased metabolic activity in left ala of nose, hepatosplenomegaly and increased metabolic activity in spleen and bone marrow. Bone marrow biopsy was done which showed hypercellular marrow with erythroid preponderance. Considering a diagnosis of leishmaniasis which had so far been unresponsive to sodium stibogluconate, she was started on liposomal amphotericin-B. At the time of admission, her creatinine level was normal, but it started rising with the administration of liposomal amphotericin-B, hence the dose was reduced. Despite this, creatinine levels did not improve, and she started developing hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia as side effects of the drug, hence further reductions in the dosage were made. Despite a total of 3 weeks of liposomal amphotericin-B, there was no improvement in the ulcer. As had so far failed to respond to sodium stibogluconate and liposomal amphotericin-B, it was decided to start her on miltefosine. She received the miltefosine for a total of 12 weeks. At the end of this duration, there was a marked regression of the cutaneous lesion. Conclusion: Refractoriness to amphotericin-B in leishmaniasis may be seen in up to 5 % cases. Here, an alternative drug such as miltefosine is useful and hence we decided to use it, to which she responded adequately. Furthermore, although leishmaniasis is common in the eastern part of India, it is a relatively unknown entity in the western part of the country with the occurrence being very rare. Because of these 2 reasons, we consider our case to be a unique one. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amphotericin-b" title="amphotericin-b">amphotericin-b</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title=" leishmaniasis"> leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miltefosine" title=" miltefosine"> miltefosine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropical%20diseases" title=" tropical diseases"> tropical diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96027/refractory-visceral-leishmaniasis-responding-to-second-line-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Cutaneous Crohn’s Disease in a Child: Atypical Axillary Involvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al%20Yousef">A. Al Yousef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Toulon"> A. Toulon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Petit"> L. Petit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Fraitag"> S. Fraitag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Ruemmele"> F. Ruemmele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Hadj-Rabia"> S. Hadj-Rabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Bodemer"> C. Bodemer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cutaneous Crohn’s disease (CCD) refers to an extremely rare granulomatous inflammation of the skin that is non-contiguous to the bowel tract. These cutaneous lesions can occur prior to, concurrent with, or after the gastrointestinal manifestations. In adults, CCD most frequently occurs in the setting of well-documented intestinal disease. Only 20% of cases occur prior to its development. Review of CCD in children, reveals that 86% of cases (24 of 28) occurring in patients without a known diagnosis of intestinal Crohn’s disease. Overall, the genitalia was the most commonly involved location, representing 21 of the 28 cases with 16 vulvar and 5 penile/scrotal lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crohn%E2%80%99s%20disease" title="Crohn’s disease">Crohn’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20manifestations" title=" cutaneous manifestations"> cutaneous manifestations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atypical%20axillary%20involvement" title=" atypical axillary involvement"> atypical axillary involvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16760/cutaneous-crohns-disease-in-a-child-atypical-axillary-involvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Investigation of Leishmaniasis, Babesiosis, Ehrlichiosis, Dirofilariasis, and Hepatozoonosis in Referred Dogs to Veterinary Hospitals in Tehran, 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Bolandmartabe">Mohamad Bolandmartabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafiseh%20Hassani"> Nafiseh Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Abdi%20Darake"> Saeed Abdi Darake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Asghari"> Maryam Asghari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dogs are highly susceptible to diseases, nutritional problems, toxins, and parasites, with parasitic infections being common and causing hardship in their lives. Some important internal parasites include worms (such as roundworms and tapeworms) and protozoa, which can lead to anemia in dogs. Important bloodborne parasites in dogs include microfilariae and adult forms of Dirofilaria immitis, Dipetalonema reconditum, Babesia, Trypanosoma, Hepatozoon, Leishmania, Ehrlichia, and Hemobartonella. Babesia and Hemobartonella are parasites that reside inside red blood cells and cause regenerative anemia by directly destroying the red blood cells. Hepatozoon, Leishmania, and Ehrlichia are also parasites that reside within white blood cells and can infiltrate other tissues, such as the liver and lymph nodes. Since intermediate hosts are more commonly found in the open environment, the prevalence of parasites in stray and free-roaming dogs is higher compared to pet dogs. Furthermore, pet dogs are less exposed to internal and external parasites due to better care, hygiene, and being predominantly indoors. Therefore, they are less likely to be affected by them. Among the parasites, Leishmania carries significant importance as it is shared between dogs and humans, causing a dangerous disease known as visceral Leishmaniasis or kala-azar and cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Furthermore, dogs can act as reservoirs and spread the disease agent within human communities. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of these diseases in dogs can be highly beneficial in preventing their occurrence in humans. In this article, we employed the Giemsa staining technique under a light microscope for the identification of bloodborne parasites in dogs. However, considering the negative impact of these parasites on the natural life of dogs, the development of chronic diseases, and the gradual loss of the animal's well-being, rapid and timely diagnosis is essential. Serological methods and PCR are available for the diagnosis of certain parasites, which have high sensitivity and desirable characteristics. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the molecular aspects of bloodborne parasites in dogs referred to veterinary hospitals in Tehran city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title="leishmaniasis">leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=babesiosis" title=" babesiosis"> babesiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ehrlichiosis" title=" ehrlichiosis"> ehrlichiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dirofilariasis" title=" dirofilariasis"> dirofilariasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatozoonosis" title=" hepatozoonosis"> hepatozoonosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169495/investigation-of-leishmaniasis-babesiosis-ehrlichiosis-dirofilariasis-and-hepatozoonosis-in-referred-dogs-to-veterinary-hospitals-in-tehran-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Green Synthesis of Nano Liposomes Containing Berberine Chlorideagainst Leishmania major</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Fattahi%20Bafghi">Ali Fattahi Bafghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolghasem%20Siyadatpanah"> Abolghasem Siyadatpanah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzaneh%20Mirzaei"> Farzaneh Mirzaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Pournasir"> Fahimeh Pournasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roghayeh%20Norouzi"> Roghayeh Norouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20De%20Lourdes%20Pereira"> Maria De Lourdes Pereira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major is one of the main infectious diseases that affect populations in developing countries around the world. We assessed the effectiveness of berberine chloride nano-liposome (BcNLs) against L. major promastigotes in vitro. Nano-liposomal berberine chloride was prepared using the thin-film hydration method and characterized based on encapsulation efficiency, size, and zeta potential. Anti-Leishmania effect of different concentrations (0.05-60 µg/ml) of BcNLs as studied in L. major [MRHO/IR/75/ER] at 24, 48, and 72 h using the hemocytometer technique. Berberine chloride was successfully loaded into nano-liposomes with an encapsulation efficiency of 85.54%. The surface charge of nanoparticles is neutral, and the morphology of nano-liposomal berberine chloride is spherical without any agglomeration. Cell viability assay was performed on the HFF cell line to show the biocompatibility of liposome nanoparticles. IC50 of BcNPs at 24, 48, and 72 h against L. major were found to be 7.6, 5.96, and 3.19 µg/ml, respectively. BcNLs showed a significant anti-Leishmania effect and induced a better and more tangible effect on the survival of L. major promastigotes and could be suitable candidates for further investigation. The results showed that the BcNLs agent is effective against L. major promastigotes and may be a promising alternative to current treatments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20major" title="Leishmania major">Leishmania major</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=berberine%20chloride" title=" berberine chloride"> berberine chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-liposomes" title=" nano-liposomes"> nano-liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis" title=" cutaneous leishmaniasis"> cutaneous leishmaniasis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136889/green-synthesis-of-nano-liposomes-containing-berberine-chlorideagainst-leishmania-major" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> An Optimal Control Model for the Dynamics of Visceral Leishmaniasis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20M.%20Elmojtaba">Ibrahim M. Elmojtaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayan%20M.%20Altayeb"> Rayan M. Altayeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoa parasite of the genus leishmania. The transmission of the parasite to humans and animals occurs via the bite of adult female sandflies previously infected by biting and sucking blood of an infectious humans or animals. In this paper we use a previously proposed model, and then applied two optimal controls, namely treatment and vaccination to that model to investigate optimal strategies for controlling the spread of the disease using treatment and vaccination as the system control variables. The possible impact of using combinations of the two controls, either one at a time or two at a time on the spread of the disease is also examined. Our results provide a framework for vaccination and treatment strategies to reduce susceptible and infection individuals of VL in five years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leishmaniasis" title="visceral leishmaniasis">visceral leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination" title=" vaccination"> vaccination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39487/an-optimal-control-model-for-the-dynamics-of-visceral-leishmaniasis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Isolation, Screening and Identification of Frog Cutaneous Bacteria for Anti-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adria%20Rae%20Abigail%20R.%20Eda">Adria Rae Abigail R. Eda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvin%20C.%20Diesmos"> Arvin C. Diesmos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vance%20T.%20Vredenburg"> Vance T. Vredenburg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merab%20A.%20Chan"> Merab A. Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mitigating strategies using symbiotic cutaneous bacteria is one of the major concerns in the conservation of amphibian population. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis associated with mass mortality and amphibian extinctions worldwide. In the Philippines, there is a lack of study on the cutaneous bacteria of Philippine amphibians that may have beneficial effects to ward off the deadly fungal infection. In this study, cutaneous bacteria from frogs were isolated and examined for anti-B. dendrobatidis activity. Eight species of frogs were collected at Mt. Palay-palay Mataas na Gulod National Park in Cavite, a site positive for the presence of B. dendrobatidis. Bacteria were isolated from the skin of frogs by swabbing the surfaces of the body and inoculated in Reasoner´s 2A (R2A) agar. Isolated bacteria were tested for potential inhibitory properties against B. dendrobatidis through zoospore inhibition assay. Results showed that frog cutaneous bacteria significantly inhibited the growth of B. dendrobatidis in vitro. By means of 16S rRNA gene primers, the anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria were identified to be Enterobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis and Pseudomonas sp. Cutaneous bacteria namely Enterobacter sp. (isolates PLd33 and PCv4) and Pseudomonas (isolate PLd31) remarkably cleared the growth of B. dendrobatidis zoospore in 1% tryptone agar. Therefore, frog cutaneous bacteria inhibited B. dendrobatidis in vitro and could possibly contribute to the immunity and defense of frogs against the lethal chytridiomycosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Batrachochytrium%20dendrobatidis" title="Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20bacteria" title=" cutaneous bacteria"> cutaneous bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frogs" title=" frogs"> frogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoospore%20inhibition%20assay" title=" zoospore inhibition assay"> zoospore inhibition assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413/isolation-screening-and-identification-of-frog-cutaneous-bacteria-for-anti-batrachochytrium-dendrobatidis-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Maximum Entropy Based Image Segmentation of Human Skin Lesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheema%20Shuja%20Khattak">Sheema Shuja Khattak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gule%20Saman"> Gule Saman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imran%20Khan"> Imran Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdus%20Salam"> Abdus Salam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image segmentation plays an important role in medical imaging applications. Therefore, accurate methods are needed for the successful segmentation of medical images for diagnosis and detection of various diseases. In this paper, we have used maximum entropy to achieve image segmentation. Maximum entropy has been calculated using Shannon, Renyi, and Tsallis entropies. This work has novelty based on the detection of skin lesion caused by the bite of a parasite called Sand Fly causing the disease is called Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shannon" title="shannon">shannon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20entropy" title=" maximum entropy"> maximum entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renyi" title=" Renyi"> Renyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsallis%20entropy" title=" Tsallis entropy"> Tsallis entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19990/maximum-entropy-based-image-segmentation-of-human-skin-lesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis In Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisangela%20Sobreira">Elisangela Sobreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denise%20Teixeira"> Denise Teixeira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visceral leishmaniasis is a public health problem in Brazil, it is the main reservoir dog. In the period 2012-2016 78 diagnoses were performed in dogs suspected. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein obtaining serum used for the indirect immunofluorescence test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while it collected a drop of blood for the rapid chromatographic immunoassay. Obtained in 32 dogs positive. The test is important for the control of this disease and is used routinely in the Zoonoses Control Center. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dogs" title=" dogs"> dogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leismaniasis" title=" Leismaniasis"> Leismaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoonoses%20center" title=" Zoonoses center"> Zoonoses center</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58774/canine-visceral-leishmaniasis-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58774.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Epidemiology of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma in Pakistan: Incidence, Clinical Subtypes, Tumor Stage and Localization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warda%20Jabeen">Warda Jabeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romaisa%20Shamim%20Khan"> Romaisa Shamim Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Shakeel"> Osama Shakeel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Faraz%20Bhatti"> Ahmed Faraz Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Hussain"> Raza Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The worldwide incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) has been on the rise over the past few decades. Primary prevention and early treatment remain the focus of management to reduce the burden of disease. This entails identification of risk factors to prompt early diagnosis. In Pakistan, there is a scarcity of clinico-pathological data relating to cutaneous malignant melanoma. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with cutaneous malignant melanoma in Pakistan, and to compare the results with other studies. Method: Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre is currently the only dedicated cancer hospital in the country, accepting patients from all over Pakistan. Majority of the patients, however, belong to the northern half of the country. From the recorded data of the hospital, all cutaneous melanoma cases were identified and evaluated. Results: Between 1997 and 2017, a total of 169 cutaneous melanoma patients were registered at Shaukat Khanum. Mean age was 47.5 years. The highest incidence of melanoma was seen in the age group 40-59 years (n=69, 40.8%). Most commonly reported clinical subtype was unspecified melanoma (n=154, 91%). Amongst those in which T stage was reported, the most frequently observed T-stage at presentation was T4 (n=23, 13.6%). With regards to body distribution, in our study CM was seen most commonly in the lower limb including the hip. The yearly incidence of melanoma has increased/remained stable from 2007 to 2017. Conclusion: cutaneous malignant melanoma is a fairly common disease in Pakistan. Patients tend to present at a more advanced stage as compared to patients in developed countries. Identification of risk factors and tumor characteristics is therefore of paramount importance to deal with these patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology%20of%20cutaneous%20malignant%20melanoma" title="epidemiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma">epidemiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20malignant%20melanoma" title=" cutaneous malignant melanoma"> cutaneous malignant melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20cancer" title=" skin cancer"> skin cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101508/epidemiology-of-cutaneous-malignant-melanoma-in-pakistan-incidence-clinical-subtypes-tumor-stage-and-localization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Targeting Peptide Based Therapeutics: Integrated Computational and Experimental Studies of Autophagic Regulation in Host-Parasite Interaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vrushali%20Guhe">Vrushali Guhe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shailza%20Singh"> Shailza Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cutaneous leishmaniasis is neglected tropical disease present worldwide caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania major, the therapeutic armamentarium for leishmaniasis are showing several limitations as drugs are showing toxic effects with increasing resistance by a parasite. Thus identification of novel therapeutic targets is of paramount importance. Previous studies have shown that autophagy, a cellular process, can either facilitate infection or aid in the elimination of the parasite, depending on the specific parasite species and host background in leishmaniasis. In the present study, our objective was to target the essential autophagy protein ATG8, which plays a crucial role in the survival, infection dynamics, and differentiation of the Leishmania parasite. ATG8 in Leishmania major and its homologue, LC3, in Homo sapiens, act as autophagic markers. Present study manifested the crucial role of ATG8 protein as a potential target for combating Leishmania major infection. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified non-conserved motifs within the ATG8 protein of Leishmania major, which are not present in LC3 of Homo sapiens. Against these two non-conserved motifs, we generated a peptide library of 60 peptides on the basis of physicochemical properties. These peptides underwent a filtering process based on various parameters, including feasibility of synthesis and purification, compatibility with Selective Reaction Monitoring (SRM)/Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), hydrophobicity, hydropathy index, average molecular weight (Mw average), monoisotopic molecular weight (Mw monoisotopic), theoretical isoelectric point (pI), and half-life. Further filtering criterion shortlisted three peptides by using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The direct interaction between ATG8 and the shortlisted peptides was confirmed through Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) experiments. Notably, these peptides exhibited the remarkable ability to penetrate the parasite membrane and exert profound effects on Leishmania major. The treatment with these peptides significantly impacted parasite survival, leading to alterations in the cell cycle and morphology. Furthermore, the peptides were found to modulate autophagosome formation, particularly under starved conditions, suggesting their involvement in disrupting the regulation of autophagy within Leishmania major. In vitro, studies demonstrated that the selected peptides effectively reduced the parasite load within infected host cells. Encouragingly, these findings were corroborated by in vivo experiments, which showed a reduction in parasite burden upon peptide administration. Additionally, the peptides were observed to affect the levels of LC3II within host cells. In conclusion, our findings highlight the efficacy of these novel peptides in targeting Leishmania major’s ATG8 and disrupting parasite survival. These results provide valuable insights into the development of innovative therapeutic strategies against leishmaniasis via targeting autophagy protein ATG8 of Leishmania major. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ATG8" title="ATG8">ATG8</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmaniasis" title=" leishmaniasis"> leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20plasmon%20resonance" title=" surface plasmon resonance"> surface plasmon resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MD%20simulation" title=" MD simulation"> MD simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptide%20designing" title=" peptide designing"> peptide designing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutics" title=" therapeutics"> therapeutics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169688/targeting-peptide-based-therapeutics-integrated-computational-and-experimental-studies-of-autophagic-regulation-in-host-parasite-interaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Utility of the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis from Blood Samples in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawit%20Gebreegzabher%20Hagos">Dawit Gebreegzabher Hagos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazezew%20Kebede%20Kiro"> Yazezew Kebede Kiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmud%20Abdulkader"> Mahmud Abdulkader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henk%20H.%20D.%20F.%20Schallig"> Henk H. D. F. Schallig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawit%20Wolday"> Dawit Wolday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid and accurate visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosis is needed to initiate prompt treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. Here, we evaluated the performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the diagnosis of VL from blood in an endemic area in Ethiopia. LAMP was positive in 117/122 confirmed VL cases and negative in 149/152 controls, resulting in a sensitivity of 95.9% (95% CI: 90.69–98.66) and a specificity of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.34–99.59), respectively. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 95.0% (95% CI: 88.61–98.34) in HIV-negatives and 100% (95% CI: 85.18–100.0) in HIV-positives. Compared with microscopy, LAMP detected 82/87 (94.3%, 95% CI: 87.10–98.11) of the microscopy1 cases and was negative in 11/27 (40.7%, 95% CI: 22.39–61.20) of the microscopy2 cases. Compared with the rK39 serology, LAMP detected 113/120 (94.2%, 95% CI: 88.35–97.62) of the rK391 cases and was negative in 149/154 (96.8%, 95% CI: 92.59–98.94) of the rK392 cases. However, when compared with microscopy only, rK39 detected 83/87 (95.4%, 95% CI: 88.64–98.73) of the microscopy1 cases and negative in only 12/27 (44.4%, 95% CI: 25.48–64.67) of the microscopy– cases. There was an excellent agreement between rK39 and LAMP (Kappa 5 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96). Furthermore, an algorithm using rK39 followed by LAMP would yield a sensitivity of 99.2% (95%CI: 95.52–99.89) and a specificity of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.34–99.59). The findings demonstrate that the LAMP assay is an accurate and rapid molecular assay for VL diagnosis, including in HIV-1 co-infected patients, in an endemic setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leishmaniasis" title="visceral leishmaniasis">visceral leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LAMP" title=" LAMP"> LAMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162163/utility-of-the-loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification-assay-for-the-diagnosis-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-from-blood-samples-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> A Comprehensive Analysis of LACK (Leishmania Homologue of Receptors for Activated C Kinase) in the Context of Visceral Leishmaniasis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukrat%20Sinha">Sukrat Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhay%20Kumar"> Abhay Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanthy%20Sundaram"> Shanthy Sundaram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Leishmania homologue of activated C kinase (LACK) is known T cell epitope from soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) that confers protection against Leishmania challenge. This antigen has been found to be highly conserved among Leishmania strains. LACK has been shown to be protective against L. donovani challenge. A comprehensive analysis of several LACK sequences was completed. The analysis shows a high level of conservation, lower variability and higher antigenicity in specific portions of the LACK protein. This information provides insights for the potential consideration of LACK as a putative candidate in the context of visceral Leishmaniasis vaccine target. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinformatics" title="bioinformatics">bioinformatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genome%20assembly" title=" genome assembly"> genome assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leishmania%20activated%20protein%20kinase%20c%20%28lack%29" title="leishmania activated protein kinase c (lack)">leishmania activated protein kinase c (lack)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=next-generation%20sequencing" title=" next-generation sequencing"> next-generation sequencing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30204/a-comprehensive-analysis-of-lack-leishmania-homologue-of-receptors-for-activated-c-kinase-in-the-context-of-visceral-leishmaniasis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Molecular Detection of Leishmania from the Phlebotomus Genus: Tendency towards Leishmaniasis Regression in Constantine, North-East of Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Frahtia">K. Frahtia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Mihoubi"> I. Mihoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Picot"> S. Picot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic disease with a varied clinical expression caused by flagellate protozoa of the Leishmania genus. These diseases are transmitted to humans and animals by the sting of a vector insect, the female sandfly. Among the groups of dipteral disease vectors, Phlebotominae occupy a prime position and play a significant role in human pathology, such as leishmaniasis that affects nearly 350 million people worldwide. The vector control operation launched by health services throughout the country proves to be effective since despite the prevalence of the disease remains high especially in rural areas, leishmaniasis appears to be declining in Algeria. In this context, this study mainly concerns molecular detection of Leishmania from the vector. Furthermore, a molecular diagnosis has also been made on skin samples taken from patients in the region of Constantine, located in the North-East of Algeria. Concerning the vector, 5858 sandflies were captured, including 4360 males and 1498 females. Male specimens were identified based on their morphological. The morphological identification highlighted the presence of the Phlebotomus genus with a prevalence of 93% against 7% represented by the Sergentomyia genus. About the identified species, P. perniciosus is the most abundant with 59.4% of the male identified population followed by P. longicuspis with 24.7% of the workforce. P. perfiliewi is poorly represented by 6.7% of specimens followed by P. papatasi with 2.2% and 1.5% S. dreyfussi. Concerning skin samples, 45/79 (56.96%) collected samples were found positive by real-time PCR. This rate appears to be in sharp decline compared to previous years (alert peak of 30,227 cases in 2005). Concerning the detection of Leishmania from sandflies by RT-PCR, the results show that 3/60 PCR performed genus are positive with melting temperatures corresponding to that of the reference strain (84.1 +/- 0.4 ° C for L. infantum). This proves that the vectors were parasitized. On the other side, identification by RT-PCR species did not give any results. This could be explained by the presence of an insufficient amount of leishmanian DNA in the vector, and therefore support the hypothesis of the regression of leishmaniasis in Constantine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20diagnostic" title=" molecular diagnostic"> molecular diagnostic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phlebotomus" title=" phlebotomus"> phlebotomus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20time%20PCR" title=" real time PCR"> real time PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44561/molecular-detection-of-leishmania-from-the-phlebotomus-genus-tendency-towards-leishmaniasis-regression-in-constantine-north-east-of-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Hematological Profiles of Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients before and after Treatment of Anti-Leishmanial Drugs at University of Gondar Leishmania Research and Treatment Center Northwest, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fitsumbrhan%20Tajebe">Fitsumbrhan Tajebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadil%20Murad"> Fadil Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitikie%20%20Tigabie"> Mitikie Tigabie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mareye%20Abebaw"> Mareye Abebaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadele%20Alemu"> Tadele Alemu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sefanit%20Abate"> Sefanit Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezika%20Mohammedw"> Rezika Mohammedw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arega%20Yeshanew"> Arega Yeshanew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Shiferaw"> Elias Shiferaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Visceral leshimaniasis is a parasitic disease characterized by a systemic infection of phagocytic cells. Hematological parameters of these patients may be affected by the progress of the disease or treatment. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment. Method: An institutional based retrospective cohort study was conducted among visceral leishmaniasis patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center from 2013 to 2018. Hematological profiles before initiation and after completion of treatment were extracted from registration book. Descriptive statics was presented using frequency and percentage. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed rank test were used for comparing mean difference for normally and non- normally distributed data, respectively. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis was used to describe the correlation of hematological parameters with different variables. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Except absolute nerutrophil count, post treatment hematological parameters show a significant increment compared to pretreatment one. The prevalence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia was 85.5%, 83.4% and 75.8% prior to treatment and it was 58.3%, 38.2% and 19.2% after treatment, respectively. Moreover, parasite load of the disease showed statistically significant negative correlation with hematological profiles mainly with white blood cell and red blood cell. Conclusion: Majority of hematological profiles of patients with active VL have been restored after treatment, which might be associated with treatment effect on parasite proliferation and concentration of parasite in visceral organ, which directly affect hematological profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leshimaniasis" title="visceral leshimaniasis">visceral leshimaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematological%20profile" title=" hematological profile"> hematological profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-leshimanial%20drug" title=" anti-leshimanial drug"> anti-leshimanial drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gondar" title=" Gondar"> Gondar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906/hematological-profiles-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-patients-before-and-after-treatment-of-anti-leishmanial-drugs-at-university-of-gondar-leishmania-research-and-treatment-center-northwest-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Detection of Leishmania Mixed Infection from Phlebotomus papatasi in Central Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassibeh%20Hosseini-Vasoukolaei">Nassibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Ahmad%20Akhavan"> Amir Ahmad Akhavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Jeddi-Tehrani"> Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Khamesipour"> Ali Khamesipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Yaghoobi%20Ershadi"> Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi Ershadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamhawi%20Shaden"> Kamhawi Shaden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valenzuela%20Jesus"> Valenzuela Jesus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Mirhendi"> Hossein Mirhendi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hossein%20Arandian"> Mohammad Hossein Arandian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is an endemic disease in many rural areas of Iran. Sand flies were collected from rural areas of Esfahan province and were identified using valid identification keys. DNA was extracted from sand flies and Nested PCRs were done using specific primers. In this study, 44 out of 152 (28.9 %) sand flies were infected with L. majoralone. Eight sand flies showed mixed infection: four sand flies (2.6 %) were infected with L. major, L. turanicaand L. gerbili, one sand fly (0.7 %) was infected with L. major and L. turanica and three sand flies (2 %) were infected with L. turanicaand L. gerbili. Our results demonstrate the natural infection of P. papatasi sand fly with three species of L. major, L. turanica and L. gerbili which are circulating among R. opimusreservoir host and P. papatasi sand fly vector in central Iran. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phlebotomus%20papatasi" title="Phlebotomus papatasi">Phlebotomus papatasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20major" title=" Leishmania major"> Leishmania major</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20turanica" title=" Leishmania turanica"> Leishmania turanica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leishmania%20gerbili" title=" Leishmania gerbili"> Leishmania gerbili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20infection" title=" mixed infection"> mixed infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41586/detection-of-leishmania-mixed-infection-from-phlebotomus-papatasi-in-central-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Prognosis, Clinical Outcomes and Short Term Survival Analyses of Patients with Cutaneous Melanomas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Shakeel">Osama Shakeel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the paper is to study the clinic-pathological factors, survival analyses, recurrence rate, metastatic rate, risk factors and the management of cutaneous malignant melanoma at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center. Methodology: From 2014 to 2017, all patients with a diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) were included in the study. Demographic variables were collected. Short and long term oncological outcomes were recorded. All data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 28 patients were included in the study. Median age was 46.5 +/-15.9 years. There were 16 male and 12 female patients. The family history of melanoma was present in 7.1% (n=2) of the patients. All patients had a mean survival of 13.43+/- 9.09 months. Lower limb was the commonest site among all which constitutes 46.4%(n=13). On histopathological analyses, ulceration was seen in 53.6% (n=15) patients. Unclassified tumor type was present in 75%(n=21) of the patients followed by nodular 21.4% (n=6) and superficial spreading 3.5%(n=1). Clark level IV was the commonest presentation constituting 46.4%(n=13). Metastases were seen in 50%(n=14) of the patients. Local recurrence was observed in 60.7%(n=17). 64.3%(n=18) lived after one year of treatment. Conclusion: CMM is a fatal disease. Although its disease of fair skin individuals, however, the incidence of CMM is also rising in this part of the world. Management includes early diagnoses and prompt management. However, mortality associated with this disease is still not favorable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant%20cancer%20of%20skin" title="malignant cancer of skin">malignant cancer of skin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20malignant%20melanoma" title=" cutaneous malignant melanoma"> cutaneous malignant melanoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20cancer" title=" skin cancer"> skin cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival%20analyses" title=" survival analyses"> survival analyses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101504/prognosis-clinical-outcomes-and-short-term-survival-analyses-of-patients-with-cutaneous-melanomas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis in Cutaneous Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Narrative Review Apropos of a Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Gleason">Laura Gleason</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahithi%20Talasila"> Sahithi Talasila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauren%20Banner"> Lauren Banner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ladan%20Afifi"> Ladan Afifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Nikbakht"> Neda Nikbakht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) accounts for 9% of all cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. pcALCL is classically characterized as a solitary papulonodule that often enlarges, ulcerates, and can be locally destructive, but overall exhibits an indolent course with overall 5-year survival estimated to be 90%. Distinguishing pcALCL from systemic ALCL (sALCL) is essential as sALCL confers a poorer prognosis with average 5-year survival being 40-50%. Although extremely rare, there have been several cases of ALK-positive ALCL diagnosed on skin biopsy without evidence of systemic involvement, which poses several challenges in the classification, prognostication, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Objectives: We present a case of cutaneous ALK-positive ALCL without evidence of systemic involvement, and a narrative review of the literature to further characterize that ALK-positive ALCL limited to the skin is a distinct variant with a unique presentation, history, and prognosis. A 30-year-old woman presented for evaluation of an erythematous-violaceous papule present on her right chest for two months. With the development of multifocal disease and persistent lymphadenopathy, a bone marrow biopsy and lymph node excisional biopsy were performed to assess for systemic disease. Both biopsies were unrevealing. The patient was counseled on pursuing systemic therapy consisting of Brentuximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Prednisone given the concern for sALCL. Apropos of the patient we searched for clinically evident, cutaneous ALK-positive ALCL cases, with and without systemic involvement, in the English literature. Risk factors, such as tumor location, number, size, ALK localization, ALK translocations, and recurrence, were evaluated in cases of cutaneous ALK-positive ALCL. The majority of patients with cutaneous ALK-positive ALCL did not progress to systemic disease. The majority of cases that progressed to systemic disease in adults had recurring skin lesions and cytoplasmic localization of ALK. ALK translocations did not influence disease progression. Mean time to disease progression was 16.7 months, and significant mortality (50%) was observed in those cases that progressed to systemic disease. Pediatric cases did not exhibit a trend similar to adult cases. In both the adult and pediatric cases, a subset of cutaneous-limited ALK-positive ALCL were treated with chemotherapy. All cases treated with chemotherapy did not progress to systemic disease. Apropos of an ALK-positive ALCL patient with clinical cutaneous limited disease in the histologic presence of systemic markers, we discussed the literature data, highlighting the crucial issues related to developing a clinical strategy to approach this rare subtype of ALCL. Physicians need to be aware of the overall spectrum of ALCL, including cutaneous limited disease, systemic disease, disease with NPM-ALK translocation, disease with ALK and EMA positivity, and disease with skin recurrence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaplastic%20large%20cell%20lymphoma" title="anaplastic large cell lymphoma">anaplastic large cell lymphoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic" title=" systemic"> systemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous" title=" cutaneous"> cutaneous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaplastic%20lymphoma%20kinase" title=" anaplastic lymphoma kinase"> anaplastic lymphoma kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALK" title=" ALK"> ALK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALCL" title=" ALCL"> ALCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sALCL" title=" sALCL"> sALCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pcALCL" title=" pcALCL"> pcALCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cALCL" title=" cALCL"> cALCL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152761/diagnosis-treatment-and-prognosis-in-cutaneous-anaplastic-lymphoma-kinase-positive-anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma-a-narrative-review-apropos-of-a-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Bayesian Locally Approach for Spatial Modeling of Visceral Leishmaniasis Infection in Northern and Central Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kais%20Ben-Ahmed">Kais Ben-Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mhamed%20Ali-El-Aroui"> Mhamed Ali-El-Aroui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops a Local Generalized Linear Spatial Model (LGLSM) to describe the spatial variation of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) infection risk in northern and central Tunisia. The response from each region is a number of affected children less than five years of age recorded from 1996 through 2006 from Tunisian pediatric departments and treated as a poison county level data. The model includes climatic factors, namely averages of annual rainfall, extreme values of low temperatures in winter and high temperatures in summer to characterize the climate of each region according to each continentality index, the pluviometric quotient of Emberger (Q2) to characterize bioclimatic regions and component for residual extra-poison variation. The statistical results show the progressive increase in the number of affected children in regions with high continentality index and low mean yearly rainfull. On the other hand, an increase in pluviometric quotient of Emberger contributed to a significant increase in VL incidence rate. When compared with the original GLSM, Bayesian locally modeling is improvement and gives a better approximation of the Tunisian VL risk estimation. According to the Bayesian approach inference, we use vague priors for all parameters model and Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20linear%20spatial%20model" title="generalized linear spatial model">generalized linear spatial model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20model" title=" local model"> local model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extra-poisson%20variation" title=" extra-poisson variation"> extra-poisson variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continentality%20index" title=" continentality index"> continentality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visceral%20leishmaniasis" title=" visceral leishmaniasis"> visceral leishmaniasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14074/bayesian-locally-approach-for-spatial-modeling-of-visceral-leishmaniasis-infection-in-northern-and-central-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20leishmaniasis&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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