CINXE.COM
Research
<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <!-- This website is powered by TYPO3 - inspiring people to share! TYPO3 is a free open source Content Management Framework initially created by Kasper Skaarhoj and licensed under GNU/GPL. TYPO3 is copyright 1998-2025 of Kasper Skaarhoj. Extensions are copyright of their respective owners. Information and contribution at https://typo3.org/ --> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon-64.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <title>Research</title> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" /> <meta name="generator" content="TYPO3 CMS" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_d90edfdcf8.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_d90edfdcf8.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2000" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.tue.nl/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/Images/opengraph-logo.jpg" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Research" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_d90edfdcf8.jpg" /> <meta name="language" content="English" /> <link href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/CSS/Vendor/slick-1_8_0.min.css?1740405050" rel="stylesheet" > <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3temp/assets/css/7015c8c4ac5ff815b57530b221005fc6.css?1740405596" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/cookie_notice/Resources/Public/Styles/CookieNotice.css?1665669388" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/CSS/magnific-popup.css?1740405050" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/CSS/pikaday.min.css?1740405050" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/CSS/Style.min.css?1740405144" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/CSS/TueMenu.min.css?1740405117" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/CSS/TueStyling.min.css?1740405144" media="all"> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/f/csm_Advanced_Nanomaterials_and_Devices_Tremani-nature-FINAL-300dpi_preview_cab153f8d6.jpeg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/f/csm_Advanced_Nanomaterials_and_Devices_Tremani-nature-FINAL-300dpi_preview_3a69af9b58.jpeg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/f/csm_Advanced_Nanomaterials_and_Devices_Tremani-nature-FINAL-300dpi_preview_c248ee1c24.jpeg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/9/b/csm_Key%20visual%20Coherence%20and%20Quantum%20Technology_2c76f52351.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/9/b/csm_Key%20visual%20Coherence%20and%20Quantum%20Technology_cd0aad79ee.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/9/b/csm_Key%20visual%20Coherence%20and%20Quantum%20Technology_66481cfd65.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/c/4/csm_Elementary%20Processes%20in%20Gas%20Discharges_planeterella_854487ac0d.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/c/4/csm_Elementary%20Processes%20in%20Gas%20Discharges_planeterella_fe8bf8bd58.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/c/4/csm_Elementary%20Processes%20in%20Gas%20Discharges_planeterella_3392caa279.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/d/csm_WDY_key%20visual_0ffd0c16da.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/d/csm_WDY_key%20visual_2606086e4e.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/d/csm_WDY_key%20visual_b68cb55a55.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/e/b/csm_Key%20visual%20MSM_537f3a9ea0.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/e/b/csm_Key%20visual%20MSM_49de311f83.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/e/b/csm_Key%20visual%20MSM_ed3acf8690.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_5:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/9/csm_v2_Front%20Banner_070feac898.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_5:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/9/csm_v2_Front%20Banner_4b03eb2ee2.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_5:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/9/csm_v2_Front%20Banner_079f15f749.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_6:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_Molecular%20Materials%20and%20Nanosystems%20BVOF%202007_0401_DN%20rechten%20TUe%20CEC_7e2f2da610.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_6:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_Molecular%20Materials%20and%20Nanosystems%20BVOF%202007_0401_DN%20rechten%20TUe%20CEC_0d6c99e8e3.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_6:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_Molecular%20Materials%20and%20Nanosystems%20BVOF%202007_0401_DN%20rechten%20TUe%20CEC_d9cbf2db65.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_7:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/b/e/csm_Key%20visual%20Physics%20of%20Semiconductor%20Nanostructures_1799815c6b.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_7:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/b/e/csm_Key%20visual%20Physics%20of%20Semiconductor%20Nanostructures_336f486b49.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_7:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/b/e/csm_Key%20visual%20Physics%20of%20Semiconductor%20Nanostructures_04b97ec9e6.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_8:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/a/csm_Key%20visual%20FNA_d6090ae405.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_8:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/a/csm_Key%20visual%20FNA_d2a825c4cf.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_8:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/a/csm_Key%20visual%20FNA_b88eb33d4e.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_9:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/3/csm_Plasma%20%26%20Materials%20Processing_Key%20visual_7ff820062c.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_9:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/3/csm_Plasma%20%26%20Materials%20Processing_Key%20visual_3787ed3b6b.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_9:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/3/csm_Plasma%20%26%20Materials%20Processing_Key%20visual_ef5647591f.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_10:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/3/f/csm_Key_visual_homepage%20Fusion_bbcc65d59b.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_10:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/3/f/csm_Key_visual_homepage%20Fusion_1fbd88e750.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_10:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/3/f/csm_Key_visual_homepage%20Fusion_3feb8cbac4.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_11:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/5/6/csm_Theory_of_Polymers_and_Soft_Matter_TPS_fc350ef86f.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_11:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/5/6/csm_Theory_of_Polymers_and_Soft_Matter_TPS_7aa3ef2200.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_11:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/5/6/csm_Theory_of_Polymers_and_Soft_Matter_TPS_c96cc5a308.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-302762_12:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/d/csm_Key%20visual%20Transport%20in%20Permeable%20Media_7f7b4386dd.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-302762_12:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/d/csm_Key%20visual%20Transport%20in%20Permeable%20Media_9b59abe884.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-302762_12:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/4/d/csm_Key%20visual%20Transport%20in%20Permeable%20Media_d6cb838e96.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-304057_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/0/csm_BvOF%202019_0722_AAM%20sRGB%20-%20beeldmerk%20EAISI%20150dpi_67ae454a15.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-304057_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/0/csm_BvOF%202019_0722_AAM%20sRGB%20-%20beeldmerk%20EAISI%20150dpi_ced72be205.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-304057_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/2/0/csm_BvOF%202019_0722_AAM%20sRGB%20-%20beeldmerk%20EAISI%20150dpi_3e39b4bf4d.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-304057_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/1/c/csm_47877f58-06e3-c3db-7f90-94e54330e68b_af8789eca7.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-304057_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/1/c/csm_47877f58-06e3-c3db-7f90-94e54330e68b_a58aea1886.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-304057_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/1/c/csm_47877f58-06e3-c3db-7f90-94e54330e68b_efc899adf1.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-304057_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/9/csm_EIRES_header-website_5years_f20f2fd039.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-304057_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/9/csm_EIRES_header-website_5years_f4bbeb5366.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-304057_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/9/csm_EIRES_header-website_5years_d90c653cb4.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299308_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/f/csm_C3Te_key%20visual_NFMS_photo_42726a6e13.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299308_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/f/csm_C3Te_key%20visual_NFMS_photo_8c05a99a84.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299308_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/d/f/csm_C3Te_key%20visual_NFMS_photo_3267300b12.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299308_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/e/csm_CCER%20logo_a7af4152bc.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299308_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/e/csm_CCER%20logo_878109fa74.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299308_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/e/csm_CCER%20logo_946b8b6154.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299308_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/5/csm_Photonics_glasvezels_a2bfd1ccaa.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299308_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/5/csm_Photonics_glasvezels_3fa0255151.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299308_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/0/5/csm_Photonics_glasvezels_08f40e5381.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299308_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/content/Research/Research_Centers/Center%20for%20Quantum%20Materials%20and%20Technology/CenterForQuantumMaterialsAndTechnology%20_rydberg2.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299308_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/content/Research/Research_Centers/Center%20for%20Quantum%20Materials%20and%20Technology/CenterForQuantumMaterialsAndTechnology%20_rydberg2.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299308_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/content/Research/Research_Centers/Center%20for%20Quantum%20Materials%20and%20Technology/CenterForQuantumMaterialsAndTechnology%20_rydberg2.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299308_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/8/csm_IMG_20200701_112318_Bokeh__01__01_8a58093cfa.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299308_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/8/csm_IMG_20200701_112318_Bokeh__01__01_cae50c47d1.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299308_4:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/8/csm_IMG_20200701_112318_Bokeh__01__01_7dced93f7c.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299306_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/3/csm_Darcy_Lab_TUe-labs%20Darcy%202016_1103_AM%20license%20TUe_0df0267cb8.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299306_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/3/csm_Darcy_Lab_TUe-labs%20Darcy%202016_1103_AM%20license%20TUe_c38e878bcd.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299306_0:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/3/csm_Darcy_Lab_TUe-labs%20Darcy%202016_1103_AM%20license%20TUe_218057c532.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299306_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/e/csm_nanoaccess_2016_1026_BW%20license%20TUe_2cfe95159e.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299306_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/e/csm_nanoaccess_2016_1026_BW%20license%20TUe_0af9065f11.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299306_1:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/a/e/csm_nanoaccess_2016_1026_BW%20license%20TUe_1750048886.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299306_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/0/csm_nanolab_2016_1031_FL%20license%20TUe_1cab2d6ff7.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299306_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/0/csm_nanolab_2016_1031_FL%20license%20TUe_181215fb51.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299306_2:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/f/0/csm_nanolab_2016_1031_FL%20license%20TUe_65a3d1b737.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-299306_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/7/7/csm_solarlab_2016_1114_AMM%20license%20TUe_cf97b40de6.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-299306_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/7/7/csm_solarlab_2016_1114_AMM%20license%20TUe_4fa00f9111.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-299306_3:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/7/7/csm_solarlab_2016_1114_AMM%20license%20TUe_5c2ebcf642.jpg); } } </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--93378 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--94151 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--94640 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--158592 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--163764 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--137720 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> .topMenu-level-link--137724 { background-color: var(--background-color-top-menu-active); color: var(--color-top-menu-active);} </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) { .backgroundImage-80221:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_947f91e847.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 500px) { .backgroundImage-80221:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_d16ba0cb0e.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 750px) { .backgroundImage-80221:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_3918837ed0.jpg); } } </style> <style> @media only screen and (min-width: 960px) { .backgroundImage-80221:after { background-image: url(https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/_processed_/8/e/csm_NH20190703-144608%20Panorama%20red_5cdceb522a.jpg); } } </style> <script src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=000827956107162310916:9hfn0dhtcpu"></script> <script src="/typo3temp/assets/js/dfc25987ec0b988c9a083b0fbe99c4ee.js?1740405596"></script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WBQSX3');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --><script type="text/javascript">window.tueMenu = window.tueMenu || {};window.tueMenu.endpoint = 'https://assets.w3.tue.nl/w/fileadmin/tue_menu/mobileMenu_2.js';</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="nl-NL" href="https://www.tue.nl/universiteit/faculteiten/applied-physics-and-science-education/research"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-US" href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.tue.nl/universiteit/faculteiten/applied-physics-and-science-education/research"/> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium for TYPO3 plugin - https://yoast.com/typo3-extensions-seo/ --> <script type="application/ld+json">[{"@context":"https:\/\/www.schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tue.nl\/en\/","name":"Eindhoven University of Technology"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tue.nl\/en\/our-university","name":"Our university"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tue.nl\/en\/our-university\/departments","name":"Departments"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tue.nl\/en\/our-university\/departments\/applied-physics-and-science-education","name":"Applied Physics and Science Education"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.tue.nl\/en\/our-university\/departments\/applied-physics-and-science-education\/research","name":"Research"}}]}]</script> </head> <body class="doktype111 backendLayoutpagets__Department" data-page-id="80221"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WBQSX3" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --><!-- Date rendered:25-02-2025 06:01:42--> <svg class="hide"><symbol id="logo" data-test="tue-logo" viewBox="0 0 1024 409"><path fill="currentColor" d="M178.9 94.1v264.1H96.5V94.1H0V25.5h275.4v68.6h-96.5zM589.6 287.5c-6.9 16.4-16.8 30.5-29.7 42.3-12.9 11.8-28.4 20.9-46.5 27.5-18.2 6.6-38.3 9.9-60.5 9.9-22.5 0-42.8-3.3-60.8-9.9-18-6.6-33.3-15.7-45.8-27.5-12.5-11.7-22.2-25.8-28.9-42.3-6.8-16.5-10.1-34.7-10.1-54.8V25.5h82v200.7c0 9.1 1.2 17.7 3.6 25.8 2.4 8.2 6.1 15.4 11.1 21.9 5 6.4 11.6 11.5 19.8 15.3 8.2 3.8 18.1 5.6 29.7 5.6s21.5-1.9 29.7-5.6c8.2-3.8 14.9-8.8 20-15.3 5.1-6.4 8.8-13.7 11.1-21.9 2.2-8.1 3.4-16.8 3.4-25.8V25.5H600v207.3c0 20-3.5 38.3-10.4 54.7zM651 409.5L818.2-.1h-59.7L591.3 409.5zM899.4 118c-68.8 0-124.6 55.8-124.6 124.6s55.8 124.6 124.6 124.6c44.2 0 89.3-19.3 113.6-54.1l-56.5-23c-15 16.7-35.7 23.3-57.1 23.3-31.7 0-58.5-20.8-67.5-49.5h190.2c1.2-6.9 1.8-13.9 1.8-21.1.1-69-55.7-124.8-124.5-124.8zm0 53.9c29.5 0 54.8 18.1 65.4 43.9H834c10.6-25.8 35.9-43.9 65.4-43.9z" class="st0"/></symbol></svg> <div class="noScrollWrapper"> <div class="pageContainer pageContainer--new"> <a href="#mainContent" class="skipToContent skipToContent--sourceLink">Skip to content</a> <header class="topMenu" data-test="page-header"> <div class="menuOverlay" aria-hidden="true"></div> <div class="topMenu-white"> <div class="row collapse collapse--resetXxlarge"> <div class="small-24 columns u-flex"> <div class="topMenu-leftPart"> <button class="topMenu-sideMainMenuLink js-mobileNavToggle hide-for-xlarge-up" data-test="mobile-menu-toggle" aria-controls="mobileNavigation"> <div class="topMenu-sideMainMenuLink-open"> <span class="u-hideText"> Menu </span> <svg class="icon icon--menu"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#menuIcon"></use> </svg> </div> <div class="topMenu-sideMainMenuLink-close"> <svg class="icon icon--menuClose icon--bold"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#closeIcon"></use> </svg> <span class="u-hideText"> Close the menu </span> </div> </button> <button class="topMenu-sideMainMenuLink js-sideMainNavToggle show-for-xlarge-up" data-test="mobile-menu-toggle" aria-controls="sideMainNavigation"> <span class="u-hideText"> Menu </span> <svg class="icon icon--menu"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#menuIcon"></use> </svg> </button> <a href="/en/" class="topMenu-logo"> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#tueLogo" data-test="header-logo"></use> </svg> <span class="heading--sub topMenu-logo--text "> Eindhoven <br>University of <br>Technology </span> </a> <div class="topMenu-search js-topMenu-search"> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only" data-resultsUrl="/en/search"></div> </div> </div> <div class="topMenu-rightPart u-flex"> <a href="/en/" class="topMenu-white-link topMenu-searchIcon js-topMenu-searchToggle noScroll"> <span class="u-hideText"> Search </span> <div class="topMenu-icon topMenu-icon--active"> <svg class="icon icon--search icon--mirror icon--bold"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#searchIcon"></use> </svg> </div> <div class="topMenu-icon"> <svg class="icon icon--menuClose icon--bold"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#closeIcon"></use> </svg> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="topMenu-color"> <div class="row"> <div class="small-24 columns"> <ul role="menubar" class="topMenu-items" data-test="navigation" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="/en/our-university" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--currentPage resetMenuLink"> <span class="u-hideText"> Search </span> <svg class="icon icon--home" data-test="home-icon"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use> </svg> Our university </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--94206 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> About the University </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/tue-strategy-2030" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> TU/e Strategy 2030 </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/organization" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Organization </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/core-values" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Our CORe values </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/world-leading-university-in-cooperation-with-industry/rankings" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Rankings </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/support-services" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Support Services </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/world-leading-university-in-cooperation-with-industry" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> World-leading university in cooperation with industry </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/tue-alumni-community" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> TU/e Alumni Community </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/sustainability" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> TU/e Sustainability </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/publications" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Publications </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/integrity-and-social-safety" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Integrity and social safety </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/diversity-and-inclusion" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Equity, Diversity and Inclusion </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/student-wellbeing" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Student wellbeing </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/security" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Safety, security and integrity </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/facilities" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Facilities </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/university-alliances-networks" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> University alliances & networks </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/euflex-technificent" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> EuFlex Technificent </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--94640 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> Departments </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Applied Physics and Science Education </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/biomedical-engineering" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Biomedical Engineering </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/built-environment" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Built Environment </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/chemical-engineering-and-chemistry" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Chemical Engineering and Chemistry </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/eindhoven-school-of-education" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Eindhoven School of Education </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/electrical-engineering" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Electrical Engineering </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/industrial-design" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Industrial Design </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/industrial-engineering-and-innovation-sciences" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/mathematics-and-computer-science" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Mathematics and Computer Science </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/mechanical-engineering" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Mechanical Engineering </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/calendar-and-events" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--95104 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> Calendar and events </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/calendar-and-events/academic-events" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Academic events </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--137113 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> TU/e Campus </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/accessibility" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Accessibility </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/study-on-campus" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Study on campus </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/living-on-campus" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Living on campus </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/business-on-campus" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Business on campus </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/work-on-campus" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Work on campus </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/buildings" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Buildings </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/tue-art-collection" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> TU/e Art Collection </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus/campuses-in-the-netherlands" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Campuses in the Netherlands </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--141574 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> Library </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/collections-in-the-spotlight" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Collections in the spotlight </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/resources" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Resources </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/library-for-researchers-and-phds" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Library for researchers and PhDs </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/library-for-students" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Library for students </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/library-for-lecturers" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Library for lecturers </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/how-to-use-the-library" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> How to use the library </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/facts-figures" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Facts & figures </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/26-11-2020-calendar" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Calendar </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/library-news" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Library news </a> </li> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library/faq" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> FAQ </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/community" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--124870 resetMenuLink topMenu-level-link--hasSubs"> Community </a> <div class="topMenu-level1-sub" aria-hidden="true"> <ul role="menu" class="topMenu-level2" tabindex="-1"> <li class="topMenu-level2-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/community/overview-communities" class="topMenu-level2-link resetMenuLink"> Overview communities </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="topMenu-level-item" data-test="top-level-menu-items"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/student-teams" class="topMenu-level-link topMenu-level-link--small topMenu-level-link--130458 resetMenuLink "> Student teams </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main class="pageMain pageTheme--red pageMain--sideMenu" role="main"> <a class="skipToContent skipToContent--targetLink" id="mainContent" tabindex="-1"> </a> <section class="tueStylingHeader tueStylingHeader--small backgroundImage backgroundImage-80221 backgroundImage--center-center"> <nav class="breadcrumbs" data-test="breadcrumbs" aria-label="breadcrumbs" role="menubar"><ol itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="breadcrumbs-list"><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs-list-item" role="menuitem"><span itemprop="name"><a href="/en/" itemprop="item">Home</a></span></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs-list-item" role="menuitem"><a href="/en/our-university" title="Our university" aria-label="Our university" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Our university</span></a></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs-list-item" role="menuitem"><a href="/en/our-university/departments" title="Departments of Eindhoven University of Technology" aria-label="Departments of Eindhoven University of Technology" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Departments</span></a></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs-list-item" role="menuitem"><a href="/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education" title="Applied Physics and Science Education" aria-label="Applied Physics and Science Education" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Applied Physics and ...</span></a></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs-list-item current" role="menuitem"><a href="/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research" title="Research" aria-label="Research" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Research</span></a></li></ol></nav> <div class="tueStylingHeader-wrapper u-flex u-flex--column"> <div class="tueStylingHeader-bar pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundMultiplyBefore u-flex"> <div class="row u-flex u-flex--rowWrap"> <div class="small-24 large-12 xlarge-17 columns u-flex--alignSelfCenter u-padding--top u-padding--bottom"> <h1 class="tueStylingHeader-header u-hfs-3xl u-margin--removeBottom" data-test="styling-header"> Research </h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="row row-fullWidth collapse row--sideMenu"> <div class="small-24 large-7 columns columns--sideMenu"> <div class="sideMenu"><ul class="accordion" data-accordion><li class="accordion-navigation"><a href="#sideMenu--accordion-80221" class="sideMenu--accordion u-flex u-flex--alignCenter noScroll"><span class="sideMenu--accordionTitle heading--content u-hfs-s u-fontStyle--semiBold u-margin--rightAuto"> Menu </span><svg class="icon icon--plus"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#plusIcon"></use></svg><svg class="icon icon--min"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#minIcon"></use></svg></a><div id="sideMenu--accordion-80221" class="sideMenu--accordionItem content"><a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education" class="sideMenu-backButton">Applied Physics and Science Education</a><ul class="sideMenu-list"><li class="sideMenu-level sideMenu-level--hasSubs sideMenu-level--active"><div class="sideMenu-level-linkWrapper sideMenu-level-linkWrapper--active sideMenu-level-linkWrapper--hasSubs sideMenu-level-linkWrapper--hasSubsActive "><a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research" class="sideMenu-level-link sideMenu-level-link--active"> Research </a><div class="sideMenu-level-linkIcon"></div></div><div class="sideMenu-level-sub"><ul role="menu" class="sideMenu-sublevel"><li class="sideMenu-sublevel-item"><div class="sideMenu-level-linkWrapper "><a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/fbs-fluids-bio-and-soft-matter" class="sideMenu-sublevel-link "> FBS - Fluids, Bio and Soft Matter </a></div></li><li class="sideMenu-sublevel-item"><div class="sideMenu-level-linkWrapper "><a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/pb-plasmas-and-beams" class="sideMenu-sublevel-link "> PB - Plasmas and Beams </a></div></li><li class="sideMenu-sublevel-item"><div class="sideMenu-level-linkWrapper "><a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/nqp-nano-quantum-and-photonics" class="sideMenu-sublevel-link "> NQP - Nano, Quantum and Photonics </a></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="small-24 large-17 columns columns--content"> <div class="pageContent"> <!--TYPO3SEARCH_begin--> <section id="c299311" class="customTextMedia u-background--white customTextMedia--fullWidth u-sectionPadding " tabindex="-1"> <div class="row"> <div class="small-24 columns"> <div class="customTextMedia-content u-contentPosition--fullWidth"> <div class="customTextMedia-position--fullWidth u-margin--bottom"> <h2 class="customTextMedia-header heading--content u-hfs-xxl u-background-text"> Research profile </h2> </div> <div class="customTextMedia-text u-background-text textLayout--default"> <p>The department encompasses thirteen large research groups, each containing one or more full professors, as well as a number of associate and/or assistant professors. The research groups represent key organizational units within the department, and provide continuity within chosen research themes, as well as opportunities for sharing of infrastructure and short-term financial risks. As a major step towards the creation of research focus, the department has adopted a new organizational structure, where all research groups are now part of one or more research disciplines, also called 'clusters', namely <a href="/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/fbs-fluids-bio-and-soft-matter">FBS - Fluids, Bio and Soft Matter</a>, <a href="/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/pb-plasmas-and-beams">PB - Plasmas and Beams</a> and <a href="/en/our-university/departments/applied-physics-and-science-education/research/nqp-nano-quantum-and-photonics">NQP - Nano, Quantum and Photonics</a>. This new grouping has created a structure where, both physically and organizationally, research groups find themselves in the vicinity of the other research groups that they most intensively collaborate with, or would be most likely to.</p> <p>In addition to the research groups and the three disciplines, the department manages a number of institutes and research centers that are operated jointly with other departments within TU/e or with external partners.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="c302749" class="blockGrid u-sectionPadding--top u-background--white "> <div class="row"> <div class="small-24 large-8 xlarge-6 columns"> <!-- ElementIntroBlock --> </div> <div class="small-24 large-16 xlarge-18 columns"> <ul class="u-flex u-flex--rowWrap small-block-grid-1 large-block-grid-2 xlarge-block-grid-2"> <li class="iconBlock columns"> <a href="https://research.tue.nl/en/organisations/applied-physics/persons/" class="resetLink iconBlock iconBlock--link u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover pageTheme-textBeforeHover"> <div> <svg class="icon icon--iconBlocks icon--semiBold icon--userIcon pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#userIcon"></use> </svg> <h3 class="heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem">530 Scientists</h3> <div class="pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <p>Meet the researchers of our department</p> </div> </div> <div class="iconBlock-readMore heading--sub u-margin--removeBottom pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> Read more <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-textAuto"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </a> </li> <li class="iconBlock columns"> <a href="https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/?search=&isCopyPasteSearch=false&nofollow=true&format=&organisationIds=43deb459-9d78-4cbb-9a13-5266d1e146bc" class="resetLink iconBlock iconBlock--link u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover pageTheme-textBeforeHover"> <div> <svg class="icon icon--iconBlocks icon--semiBold icon--brochureIcon pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#brochureIcon"></use> </svg> <h3 class="heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem">+ 16.500 Publications</h3> <div class="pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <p>Explore the research findings of our scientists</p> </div> </div> <div class="iconBlock-readMore heading--sub u-margin--removeBottom pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> Read more <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-textAuto"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </a> </li> <li class="iconBlock columns"> <a href="https://research.tue.nl/en/organisations/applied-physics-and-science-education/prizes/" class="resetLink iconBlock iconBlock--link u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover pageTheme-textBeforeHover"> <div> <svg class="icon icon--iconBlocks icon--semiBold icon--prizeIcon pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#prizeIcon"></use> </svg> <h3 class="heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem">Prizes</h3> <div class="pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <p>Acknowledges for our research</p> </div> </div> <div class="iconBlock-readMore heading--sub u-margin--removeBottom pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text iconBlock-hoverItem"> Read more <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-textAuto"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </section> <section id="c302762" class="contentSliderBlock contentSliderBlock--default contentSliderBlock-302762 u-sectionPadding u-background--grey" tabindex="-1" data-uid="302762" data-slider-type="default" data-number-of-slides="3"> <div class="row contentSliderBlock-headerRow "> <div class="small-24 large-14 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn columns"> <div class="contentSliderBlock-intro"> <h2 class="contentSliderBlock-title u-background-text heading--section heading--lineHeightCorrectionSection"> Our Research groups </h2> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 large-10 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn contentSliderBlock-headerColumn--end columns"> </div> </div> <div class="row row-fullWidth u-padding--gridL"> <div class="small-24 columns u-padding--right-none"> <div class="contentSlider contentSlider-default contentSlider--lastSlideHalf" id="sliderWrap-302762"> <div class="slider"> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/advanced-nanomaterials-devices" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_0"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Advanced Nanomaterials & Devices </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> It is fascinating how material properties at the nanoscale can be radically changed by controlling their dimensionality, size and crystal… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/coherence-and-quantum-technology" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_1"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Coherence and Quantum Technology </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> Our central theme is dilute matter at high phase space density. Our goal is exploiting quantum coherence. Our work is both theoretical and… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/elementary-processes-in-gas-discharges" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_2"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Elementary Processes in Gas Discharges </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We study the elementary processes in gas discharges through a mix of theory, modeling and the development of diagnostics. </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/fluids-and-flows" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_3"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Fluids and Flows </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The聽Fluids and Flows (F&F) group addresses fundamental questions in fluid dynamics in an integrated approach.聽 </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/materials-simulation-modelling" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_4"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Materials Simulation & Modelling </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We use simulation to design multifunctional materials and optimize processes related to renewables and energy efficiency </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/molecular-biosensing" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_5"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Departments of Applied Physics / Biomedical Engineering </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Molecular Biosensing </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The MBx group develops technologies based on micro- and nanoparticles for monitoring patients and for treating diseases. Towards this goal,… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/macromolecular-and-organic-chemistry/departments-of-applied-physics-chemical-engineering-and-chemistry" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_6"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Departments of Applied Physics / Chemical Engineering and Chemistry </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Molecular Materials and Nanosystems </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The Molecular Materials and Nanosystems (M2N) group is active in both the department of Applied Physics and the department of Chemical… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/photonics-and-semiconductor-nanophysics" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_7"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Photonics and Semiconductor Nanophysics </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We explore the novel physics and applications emerging from the interaction of light with nanoscale matter. </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/physics-of-nanostructures" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_8"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Physics of Nanostructures </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We explore novel ways of controlling the electron spin and magnetic textures at the nanoscale for a wide range of applications. </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/plasma-materials-processing" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_9"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Plasma & Materials Processing </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> Our scientific objective is to obtain atomic-level understanding of the interaction of plasmas and reactive gases with materials in the… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/science-and-technology-of-nuclear-fusion" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_10"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We work on selected, pressing problems of nuclear fusion energy by coming up with innovative solutions, ranging from turbulence optimization… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/soft-matter-and-biological-physics" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_11"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Soft Matter and Biological Physics </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> Enabling a sustainable, functional and resource-efficient next generation of materials by uncovering the physical mechanisms underlying the… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/transport-in-permeable-media" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-302762_12"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PHYSICS </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Transport in Permeable Media </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> It is our goal to understand the physics of transport and phase changes in complex permeable media, so we can better engineer materials for… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="hide-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev302762 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next302762 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> <div class="show-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev302762 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next302762 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="c304057" class="contentSliderBlock contentSliderBlock--default contentSliderBlock-304057 u-sectionPadding u-background--grey" tabindex="-1" data-uid="304057" data-slider-type="default" data-number-of-slides="3"> <div class="row row-fullWidth u-padding--gridL"> <div class="small-24 large-9 xlarge-7 columns"> <!-- ElementIntroBlock --> <h2 class="heading--section u-background-text heading--lineHeightCorrectionSection">RESEARCH INSTITUTES</h2> <div class="u-background-text"> <p><strong>Our researchers are involved (at the managerial or coordinating level) in a variety of institutes and centers within TU/e. </strong></p> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 large-15 xlarge-17 columns u-padding--right-none"> <div class="contentSlider contentSlider-default contentSlider--lastSlideHalf" id="sliderWrap-304057"> <div class="slider"> <a href="/en/research/institutes/eindhoven-artificial-intelligence-systems-institute" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-304057_0"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Eindhoven Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> EAISI connects researchers, companies and students, facilitating artificial intelligence research at TU/e to develop systems in harmony with… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/institutes/eindhoven-hendrik-casimir-institute" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-304057_1"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> By bringing together photonics, electronics and quantum technology, EHCI drives exponential computing, communication and sensing… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/institutes/eindhoven-institute-for-renewable-energy-systems" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-304057_2"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Eindhoven Institute for Renewable Energy Systems </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> Accelerating the energy transition The aim of the Eindhoven Institute for Renewable Energy Systems (EIRES) is to accelerate the energy… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <div class="slide"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-304057_3"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Institute for Complex Molecular Systems </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> </p> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hide-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev304057 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next304057 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> <div class="show-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev304057 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next304057 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="c299308" class="contentSliderBlock contentSliderBlock--default contentSliderBlock-299308 u-sectionPadding u-background--grey" tabindex="-1" data-uid="299308" data-slider-type="default" data-number-of-slides="3"> <div class="row contentSliderBlock-headerRow "> <div class="small-24 large-14 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn columns"> <div class="contentSliderBlock-intro"> <h2 class="contentSliderBlock-title u-background-text heading--section heading--lineHeightCorrectionSection"> Our research centers </h2> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 large-10 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn contentSliderBlock-headerColumn--end columns"> </div> </div> <div class="row row-fullWidth u-padding--gridL"> <div class="small-24 columns u-padding--right-none"> <div class="contentSlider contentSlider-default contentSlider--lastSlideHalf" id="sliderWrap-299308"> <div class="slider"> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/center-for-care-cure-technology-eindhoven" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299308_0"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Electrical Engineering and Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Center for Care & Cure Technology Eindhoven </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The purpose of C3Te is to expand synergistic partnerships between the departments of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics, medical… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.ccer.nl/" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299308_1"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Center for Computational Energy Research (CCER) </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-areas/integrated-photonics/center-for-integrated-photonics-eindhoven" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299308_2"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Center for Integrated Photonics Eindhoven </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The Center for Integrated Photonics Eindhoven carries out research in materials, devices, circuits and systems enabling novel applications… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/center-for-quantum-materials-and-technology-eindhoven" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299308_3"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Department of Applied Physics </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Center for Quantum Materials and Technology Eindhoven </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> We are part of a worldwide race to control the quantum states of elementary particles, and to integrate them in technology platforms. This… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-groups/center-for-terahertz-science-and-technology-eindhoven" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299308_4"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Center for Terahertz Science and Technology Eindhoven </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> Terahertz (THz) radiation is electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range spanning from 100 GHz to 10 THz. This range, comprised between… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="hide-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev299308 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next299308 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> <div class="show-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev299308 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next299308 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="c299306" class="contentSliderBlock contentSliderBlock--grey contentSliderBlock--contentSlider contentSliderBlock-299306 u-sectionPadding u-background--grey" tabindex="-1" data-uid="299306" data-slider-type="contentSlider" data-number-of-slides="4"> <div class="row contentSliderBlock-headerRow "> <div class="small-24 large-14 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn columns"> <div class="contentSliderBlock-intro"> <h2 class="contentSliderBlock-title u-background-text heading--section heading--lineHeightCorrectionSection"> Our labs </h2> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 large-10 contentSliderBlock-headerColumn contentSliderBlock-headerColumn--end columns"> <ul class="elementButtonList elementButtonList--normal"> <li> <a href="/en/research/research-labs" class="elementButton elementButton-squaredButton pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-background pageTheme-background--link u-autoFontColor"> <span class="elementButton-title"> All labs </span> <span class="elementButton-icon"> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="row row-fullWidth u-padding--gridL"> <div class="small-24 columns u-padding--right-none"> <div class="contentSlider contentSlider-default contentSlider--lastSlideHalf" id="sliderWrap-299306"> <div class="slider"> <a href="/en/research/research-labs/darcy-lab" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock entryBlock--grey u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299306_0"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Research Lab </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Darcy Lab </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The Darcy Lab offers unique MRI facilities specially equipped for researching the properties of technological porous materials. </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-labs/nanoaccess" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock entryBlock--grey u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299306_1"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Research Lab </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> NanoAccess </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> NanoAccess makes it possible to produce, process and analyze innovative materials with nanometer accuracy, without releasing the necessary… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-labs/nanolabtue" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock entryBlock--grey u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299306_2"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Research Lab </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> NanoLabTUe </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> The NanoLabTUe offers a unique combination of equipment for developing optical chips and other applications based on compound semiconductor… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/en/research/research-labs/solarlab" class="resetLink slide slide--hasLink"> <div class="entryBlock entryBlock--grey u-flex u-flex--column u-padding--right-s"> <div class="entryBlock-image "> <div class="placeholder placeholder--contentSlide"> <svg class="placeholder-logo"> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <div class="backgroundImage backgroundImage--solid backgroundImage-299306_3"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entryBlock-content u-flex u-flex--column pageTheme-backgroundHoverInner"> <div class="entryBlock-subtitle heading--sub pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> Research Lab </div> <h3 class="entryBlock-title heading--content pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> SolarLab </h3> <span> <p class="entryBlock-text u-background-text"> With the facilities of the SolarLab, atomic layers can be applied to solar cells, in a quick, controlled manner, making solar cells even… </p> </span> <svg class="icon icon--arrow pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-text entryBlock-arrow pageTheme-textAuto u-background-text"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="hide-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev299306 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next299306 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> <div class="show-for-large-up"> <button class="slideButton slick-prev slick-prev299306 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Previous </span> </button> <button class="slideButton slick-next slick-next299306 pageTheme-secondary pageTheme-backgroundHover"> <span class="u-hideText"> Next </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--TYPO3SEARCH_end--> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer role="contentinfo" class="bottomMenu" data-test="page-footer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CollegeOrUniversity" itemid="https://www.tue.nl/"> <meta itemprop="name" content="TU/e - Technische Universiteit Eindhoven"> <meta itemprop="sameAs" content="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eindhoven_University_of_Technology"> <meta itemprop="logo" content="https://www.tue.nl/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/Images/opengraph-logo.jpg"> <meta itemprop="foundingDate" content="1956-06-23T00:00:00+00:00"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.tue.nl/"> <div class="row"> <div class="small-24 xlarge-12 columns"> <div class="row row--small"> <div class="small-24 medium-12 columns bottomMenu-column"> <ul class="bottomMenu-menu"> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/degree-programs/bachelor-programs" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Bachelor programs</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/degree-programs/master-programs" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Master programs</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/become-a-tue-student/admission-and-enrollment" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Admission and enrollment</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Working at TU/e</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/search-staff" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Search staff</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Route & map</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem hide-for-large-up"> <a href="https://educationguide.tue.nl/" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Education Guide</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem hide-for-large-up"> <a href="https://intranet.tue.nl/en/" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Intranet</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem hide-for-large-up"> <a href="https://www.cursor.tue.nl/en/" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Cursor</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="small-24 medium-12 columns bottomMenu-column"> <h3 class="bottomMenu-heading heading--section">Navigation address</h3> <div itemprop="location" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"> <p itemprop="streetAddress">De Zaale</p> <p><span itemprop="addressLocality">Eindhoven</span></p> <meta itemprop="addressCountry" content="NL"> </div> <p> <a href="tel:0031402479111"> <span class="u-hideText">Phone number: </span> <span itemprop="telephone">+31 (0)40 247 9111</span> </a> </p> <p> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/contact">Contact</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 xlarge-12 columns"> <div class="row row--small"> <div class="small-24 medium-12 columns bottomMenu-column"> <h3 class="bottomMenu-heading heading--section">Postal address</h3> <div itemprop="location" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"> <p>PO Box <span itemprop="postOfficeBoxNumber">513</span></p> <p><span itemprop="postalCode">5600 MB</span> <span itemprop="addressLocality">Eindhoven</span></p> <meta itemprop="addressCountry" content="NL"> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 medium-12 columns bottomMenu-column"> <h3 class="bottomMenu-heading heading--section"> Follow us </h3> <a href="https://twitter.com/TUeindhoven" title="X" itemprop="sameAs" class="bottomMenu-socialItem"> <span class="u-hideText">Follow TU/e on X</span> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#twitterIcon"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/TU.Eindhoven" title="Facebook" itemprop="sameAs" class="bottomMenu-socialItem"> <span class="u-hideText">Like TU/e on Facebook</span> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#facebookIcon"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/4838" title="LinkedIn" itemprop="sameAs" class="bottomMenu-socialItem"> <span class="u-hideText">Follow TU/e on LinkedIn</span> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#linkedinIcon"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/tueindhoven" title="YouTube" itemprop="sameAs" class="bottomMenu-socialItem"> <span class="u-hideText">Follow TU/e on YouTube</span> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#youtubeIcon"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tueindhoven/" title="Instagram" itemprop="sameAs" class="bottomMenu-socialItem"> <span class="u-hideText"></span> <svg> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.2c0056deea.svg#instagramIcon"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="small-24 columns"> <div class="bottomMenu-footer "> <ul class="bottomMenu-menu bottomMenu-menu--horizontal bottomMenu-menu--small"> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> © 2025 TU/e </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/storage/disclaimer" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Disclaimer</a> </li> <li class="bottomMenu-menuItem"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/about-the-university/support-services/library-and-information-services/privacy" class="bottomMenu-menuLink resetMenuLink">Privacy</a> </li> </ul> <div class="bottomMenu-footerLogoWrapper"> <div class="bottomMenu-footerLogo bottomMenu-footerLogo--siteLogo "> <svg> <use href="#logo" /> </svg> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="scrollButton" class="scrollToTop" title="Go to Top"></div> </div> <nav id="sideMainNavigation" class="sideMainNavigation" role="navigation" tabindex="-1"> <div class="sideMainMenu"> <a href="/en/" class="sideMainMenu-logo resetLink"> <svg> <use xlink:href="#logo"></use> </svg> <span class="heading--sub sideMainMenu-logo--text"> Eindhoven <br>University of <br>Technology </span> </a> <ul role="menubar" class="sideMainMenu-level" tabindex="-1"> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> Education </a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> Research </a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> Our university </a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> Working at TU/e </a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/news-events" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> News and Events </a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-level-item"> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact" class=" sideMainMenu-level-link resetMenuLink "> <svg class="icon icon--arrow"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#arrowRight"></use> </svg> Impact </a> </li> </ul> <ul role="menubar" class="sideMainMenu-extra" tabindex="-1"> <li class="sideMainMenu-extra-item"> <a href="http://imagebank.tue.nl/" class="sideMainMenu-extra-link resetMenuLink">TU/e Image Bank</a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-extra-item"> <a href="https://educationguide.tue.nl" class="sideMainMenu-extra-link resetMenuLink">Educationguide</a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-extra-item"> <a href="https://intranet.tue.nl/en" class="sideMainMenu-extra-link resetMenuLink">Intranet</a> </li> <li class="sideMainMenu-extra-item"> <a href="https://www.cursor.tue.nl/en" class="sideMainMenu-extra-link resetMenuLink">Cursor</a> </li> </ul> </div> <a class="sideMainNavigation-close"> <svg class="icon icon--menuClose icon--bold"> <use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#closeIcon"></use> </svg> </a> </nav> <nav id="mobileNavigation" class="mobileNavigation" role="navigation" tabindex="-1"> <div class="mobileNavigation-search"> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only" data-resultsUrl=""></div> </div> <div class="mobileNavigation-inner"> <ul role="menubar" class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--large" tabindex="-1"> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="69182" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> Education </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> Education </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> Education </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/why-study-at-tue" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="69183" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Why study at TU/e </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/bachelor-college" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="69184" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Bachelor College </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/graduate-school" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="69185" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Graduate School </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/become-a-tue-student" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="69187" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Become a TU/e student </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/academy-for-learning-and-teaching" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="151119" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Academy for Learning and Teaching </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/tue-innovation-space" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="83668" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> TU/e innovation Space </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/professional-education" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="79592" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Professional Education </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="7437" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> Research </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> Research </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> Research </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/institutes" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="75034" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Institutes </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-areas" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66493" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Research Areas </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-groups" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66627" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Research Groups </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-labs" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66348" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Research Labs </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-projects" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="163581" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Research projects </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/researchers" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66609" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Researchers </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="92619" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Departments </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/grants-awards" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="68609" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Grants & Awards </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/research/research-support-network" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66452" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Research Support Network </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="7496" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> Our university </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> Our university </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> Our university </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="8628" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> About the University </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/departments" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="7511" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Departments </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/calendar-and-events" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="7501" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Calendar and events </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/tue-campus" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="79595" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> TU/e Campus </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/library" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="84095" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Library </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/community" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="66999" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Community </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/our-university/student-teams" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="72673" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Student teams </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="71400" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> Working at TU/e </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> Working at TU/e </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> Working at TU/e </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue/scientific-staff" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="71404" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Scientific Staff </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue/support-staff" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="71406" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Support Staff </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/graduate-school/phd" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="86545" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> PhD </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/education/graduate-school/engd-at-tue" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="86546" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> EngD </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/working-at-tue/why-tue" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="72558" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Why TU/e </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/news-events" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="7497" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> News and Events </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> News and Events </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/news-events" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> News and Events </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/news-overview" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="68755" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> News overview </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/news-and-events/media-relations" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="68577" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Media relations </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--hasSubs mobileNavigation-link--normal" data-uid="83307" data-test="mobile-menu-items-with-subs"> Impact </a> <ul class="mobileNavigation-level mobileNavigation-level--sub" tabindex="-1"> <li> <button class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--prevButton heading--section"> Impact </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact" class="mobileNavigation-link"> <svg class="mobileNavigation-homeIcon"><use xlink:href="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/Sprite/sprite.8578b7d72c.svg#homeIcon"></use></svg> Impact </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/cooperation-with-industry/tue-cooperation-with-industry" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="157534" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Cooperation with Industry </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/the-gate" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="83309" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> The Gate </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/eindhoven-engine" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="79516" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Eindhoven Engine </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/tue-participations" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="79622" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> TU/e Participations </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/starting-your-business" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="92497" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Starting your business </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tue.nl/en/impact/intellectual-property-rights" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--" data-uid="91450" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Intellectual Property </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul role="menubar" class="mobileNavigation-level" tabindex="-1"> <li> <a href="http://imagebank.tue.nl/" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--extra" data-uid="76147" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> TU/e Image Bank </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://educationguide.tue.nl" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--extra" data-uid="70316" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Educationguide </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://intranet.tue.nl/en" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--extra" data-uid="70315" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Intranet </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cursor.tue.nl/en" class="mobileNavigation-link mobileNavigation-link--extra" data-uid="70423" data-test="mobile-menu-items-without-subs"> Cursor </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/cookie_notice/Resources/Public/JavaScripts/CookieNotice.js?1665669388"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/jquery-1_11_2.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/ufe_donations/Resources/Public/JavaScript/donationForm.js?1740405073"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Foundation/foundation.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/pikaday.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/parseDate.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/dateFormat.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/formDatePicker.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/modernizr.min.js?1740405074"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/jquery.main.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/magnific-popup.min.js?1740405074"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/magnific-popup-initializer.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/stacktable.min.js?1740405074"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/CreatePrintImages.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/MediaQueryChange.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/InitFoundation.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/powermail/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Powermail/Form.min.js?1726555609" defer="defer"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Vendor/svg4everybody.min.js?1740405074"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/init.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/globalNavigation.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/sideMainMenu.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/stickyQuickLinksBar.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/scrollingHeader.js?1740405146" defer="defer"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/searchBox.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_menu/Resources/Public/JavaScript/mobileNavigation.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Vendor/objectfit.min.js?1740405073"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/www_tue_nl/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Foundation/foundation.accordion.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/init.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/sectionMenu.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/readMore.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/loadMore.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/eventFormDatePicker.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/filters.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/scrollToTop.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/smoothScroll.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/formfilefieldfix.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/focusFields.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/contentSlider.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/donationTeaser.js?1740405146"></script> <script src="/typo3conf/ext/tue_styling/Resources/Public/JavaScript/Vendor/slick-1_8_0.min.js?1740405073"></script> <script type="text/javascript">var L = 1;var tueMagnificCounterLabel = 'van';</script> </body> </html>