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[{"id":41954609,"identifier":"Attachment_41954609","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":20474250,"created_at":"2016-01-21T23:45:11.873-08:00","from_world_paper_id":146474289,"updated_at":"2024-11-12T19:11:36.489-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":". Ž . The effect of mild 328C and deep 228C hypothermia on hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability was examined using an in vitro model Ž . of brain derived microvascular endothelial cells BMEC . It was shown that hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability to inulin across the BMEC monolayer was completely abolished at 328C and 228C for up to 24 h of hypoxia. During normoxia, no influence of hypothermia on BMEC monolayer permeability was observed. The hypoxia-induced decrease of the cyclic AMP level after 6 h was abolished at 328C as well as at 228C of hypoxia. But after 24 h of hypoxia, hypothermia did no longer prevent the hypoxia-induced decrease of the cAMP level, which suggests that the effect of hypothermia on hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability is not caused by maintenance of the cAMP Ž . level. Because vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF has been shown to be the mediator of hypoxia-induced permeability changes of Ž . BMEC via the release of nitric oxide NO , the effect of hypothermia on the VEGF expression was evaluated. During normoxia, hypothermia did not change the VEGF expression significantly but the hypoxia-induced increase in VEGF mRNA and protein expression was completely abolished at 328C and 228C respectively. Accordingly, the hypoxia-induced increase of the cGMP level was depressed by hypothermia, which demonstrates that also the amount of NO released during hypoxia is decreased at lower temperatures. Results suggest that deep as well as mild hypothermia decreased hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability by lowering the expression of the permeability-increasing protein VEGF and with it the release of NO. q","publication_date":"1999,,","publication_name":"Molecular Brain Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"41954609"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Hypothermia abolishes hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability in brain microvessel endothelial cells","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [40799144]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100927085/Hypoxia_induces_angiogenic_factors_in_brain_microvascular_endothelial_cells">Hypoxia induces angiogenic factors in brain microvascular endothelial cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="267578687" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlmaSanchez231">Alma Sanchez</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Microvascular Research, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hypoxia induces angiogenic factors in brain microvascular endothelial 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href="https://www.academia.edu/73341905/Effect_of_hypoxia_and_endothelial_loss_on_vascular_smooth_muscle_cell_responsiveness_to_VEGF_A_role_of_flt_1_VEGF_receptor_1">Effect of hypoxia and endothelial loss on vascular smooth muscle cell responsiveness to VEGF-A: role of flt-1/VEGF-receptor-1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52458402" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SDonnini">Sandra Donnini</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cardiovascular Research, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of hypoxia and endothelial loss on vascular smooth muscle cell responsiveness to VEGF-A: role of 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href="https://www.academia.edu/12183174/Deletion_of_the_hypoxia_response_element_in_the_vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_">Deletion of the hypoxia-response element in the vascular endothelial growth factor …</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30618896" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NeilCashman">Neil Cashman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature genetics, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Deletion of the hypoxia-response element in the vascular endothelial growth factor …","attachmentId":46315540,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12183174/Deletion_of_the_hypoxia_response_element_in_the_vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47887892" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StefanWennstrom">Stefan Wennström</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Experimental Cell Research, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Differential activation of vascular genes by hypoxia in primary endothelial cells","attachmentId":71245007,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/55319197/Differential_activation_of_vascular_genes_by_hypoxia_in_primary_endothelial_cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link 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Ca2+-activated Cl− channels</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42348890" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%E6%B8%85%E6%96%87%E6%B5%85%E4%BA%95">Kiyofumi Asai</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hypoxia increases the proliferation of brain capillary endothelial cells via upregulation of TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl− channels","attachmentId":116179328,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/121251096/Hypoxia_increases_the_proliferation_of_brain_capillary_endothelial_cells_via_upregulation_of_TMEM16A_Ca2_activated_Cl_channels","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 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