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Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries - Archive ouverte HAL
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="fr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <link href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rel="schema.DC"> <meta name="citation_language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.type" content="journal" /> <meta property="og:type" content="journal" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries" /> <meta name="DC.title" content="Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="https://hal.science/hal-04008671" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="hal-04008671" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://hal.science/hal-04008671" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Amie Ceesay" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Amie Ceesay" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Khaled Bouherrou" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Khaled Bouherrou" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Boun Kim Tan" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL]" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Boun Kim Tan" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Maud Lemoine" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Imperial College London" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Maud Lemoine" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Gibril Ndow" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Gibril Ndow" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Barbara Testoni" /> <meta name="citation_author_hal_id" content="btestoni" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Barbara Testoni" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Isabelle Chemin" /> <meta name="citation_author_hal_id" content="isabelle-chemin" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Isabelle Chemin" /> <meta name="citation_abstract" content="To achieve the World Health Organization鈥檚 (WHO) goals of eradicating viral hepatitis globally by 2030, the regional prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection must be known in order to implement preventiveon and treatment strategies. HBV/HDV coinfection is considered the most severe form of vira l hepatitis due to it鈥檚 rapid progression towards cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. The role of simplified diagnosticsis tools for screening and monitoring HBV/HDV-coinfected patients is crucial. Many sophisticated tools for diagnoses have been developed for detection of HBV alone as well as HBV/HDV coinfection. However, these advanced techniques are not widely available in low-income countries and there is no standardization for HDV detection assays, which are used for monitoring the response to antiviral therapy. More accessible and affordable alternative methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are being developed and validated for equipment-free and specific detection of HBV and HDV. This review will provide some insight into both existing and diagnosis tools under development, their applicability in developing countries and how they could increase screening, patient monitoring and treatment eligibility." /> <meta name="DC.description" content="To achieve the World Health Organization鈥檚 (WHO) goals of eradicating viral hepatitis globally by 2030, the regional prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection must be known in order to implement preventiveon and treatment strategies. HBV/HDV coinfection is considered the most severe form of vira l hepatitis due to it鈥檚 rapid progression towards cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. The role of simplified diagnosticsis tools for screening and monitoring HBV/HDV-coinfected patients is crucial. Many sophisticated tools for diagnoses have been developed for detection of HBV alone as well as HBV/HDV coinfection. However, these advanced techniques are not widely available in low-income countries and there is no standardization for HDV detection assays, which are used for monitoring the response to antiviral therapy. More accessible and affordable alternative methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are being developed and validated for equipment-free and specific detection of HBV and HDV. This review will provide some insight into both existing and diagnosis tools under development, their applicability in developing countries and how they could increase screening, patient monitoring and treatment eligibility." /> <meta name="description" content="To achieve the World Health Organization鈥檚 (WHO) goals of eradicating viral hepatitis globally by 2030, the regional prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection must be known in order to implement preventiveon and treatment strategies. HBV/HDV coinfection is considered the most severe form of vira l hepatitis due to it鈥檚 rapid progression towards cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. The role of simplified diagnosticsis tools for screening and monitoring HBV/HDV-coinfected patients is crucial. Many sophisticated tools for diagnoses have been developed for detection of HBV alone as well as HBV/HDV coinfection. However, these advanced techniques are not widely available in low-income countries and there is no standardization for HDV detection assays, which are used for monitoring the response to antiviral therapy. More accessible and affordable alternative methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are being developed and validated for equipment-free and specific detection of HBV and HDV. This review will provide some insight into both existing and diagnosis tools under development, their applicability in developing countries and how they could increase screening, patient monitoring and treatment eligibility." /> <meta property="og:description" content="To achieve the World Health Organization鈥檚 (WHO) goals of eradicating viral hepatitis globally by 2030, the regional prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection must be known in order to implement preventiveon and treatment strategies. HBV/HDV coinfection is considered the most severe form of vira l hepatitis due to it鈥檚 rapid progression towards cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. The role of simplified diagnosticsis tools for screening and monitoring HBV/HDV-coinfected patients is crucial. Many sophisticated tools for diagnoses have been developed for detection of HBV alone as well as HBV/HDV coinfection. However, these advanced techniques are not widely available in low-income countries and there is no standardization for HDV detection assays, which are used for monitoring the response to antiviral therapy. More accessible and affordable alternative methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are being developed and validated for equipment-free and specific detection of HBV and HDV. This review will provide some insight into both existing and diagnosis tools under development, their applicability in developing countries and how they could increase screening, patient monitoring and treatment eligibility." /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="serology;HBV;HDV;coinfection;diagnosis;molecular;screening" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="serology;HBV;HDV;coinfection;diagnosis;molecular;screening" /> <meta name="keywords" content="serology;HBV;HDV;coinfection;diagnosis;molecular;screening" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://hal.science/hal-04008671/document" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="https://hal.science/hal-04008671/document" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://hal.science/hal-04008671/document" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2025/04/04" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2022" /> <meta name="DC.date" content="2022" /> <meta name="DC.issued" content="2022" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Microorganisms" /> <meta name="DC.relation.ispartof" content="Microorganisms" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="10" /> <meta name="DC.citation.volume" content="10" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="11" /> <meta name="DC.citation.issue" content="11" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="2096" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.3390/microorganisms10112096" /> <meta name="citation_pmid" content="36363693" /> <meta name="citation_id" content="PMC9694472" /> <meta name="citation_funding_source" content="citation_funder=Agence Nationale de la Recherche; 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id="document" value="" class="input-flex form-control input-sm" lang="title_t" aria-describedby="document-error" style=" " data-keyword="1" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type='button' class='btn btn-sm btn-primary form-btn-multi form-btn-add' onclick='MultiTextSimpleLangKeywordAdd(this, "qa");' data-toggle='tooltip' data-placement='right' data-original-title='Ajouter'><i class='icon icon-plus'></i> <span> Ajouter</span></button></span></div></div></div> <div class="form-group row " id="author-element"><label for="author" class="col-md-3 control-label optional">Auteur</label> <div class="col-md-9"><div class="input-group" style="margin-bottom : 10px;"><button class='btn btn-sm btn-default dropdown-toggle form-btn-lang' style=' z-index:0!important;' data-toggle='dropdown' type='button' value='auth_t'>Auteur (multicrit猫res) </button><ul class='dropdown-menu' role='menu' style='max-height: 140px; overflow:auto;'><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='auth_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authFullName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Nom complet</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authLastName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Nom de famille</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authFirstName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Pr茅nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authMiddleName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Compl茅ment de nom, deuxi猫me pr茅nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authOrganism_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Organisme payeur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authIdHal_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : IdHal (cha卯ne de caract猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authQuality_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Fonction</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authIdHal_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : personID (entier)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authOrganismId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Identifiant de l'organisme payeur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='authStructId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Auteur : Identifiant de la structure</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='director_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Directeur de th猫se</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='publisher_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">脡diteur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='scientificEditor_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">脡diteur scientifique</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='seriesEditor_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">脡diteur de la s茅rie</a></li></ul> <input type="text" name="qa[auth_t][]" id="author" value="" class="input-flex form-control input-sm" lang="auth_t" aria-describedby="author-error" style=" " data-keyword="1" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type='button' class='btn btn-sm btn-primary form-btn-multi form-btn-add' onclick='MultiTextSimpleLangKeywordAdd(this, "qa");' data-toggle='tooltip' data-placement='right' data-original-title='Ajouter'><i class='icon icon-plus'></i> <span> Ajouter</span></button></span></div></div></div> <div class="form-group row " id="structure-element"><label for="structure" class="col-md-3 control-label optional">Structure</label> <div class="col-md-9"><div class="input-group" style="margin-bottom : 10px;"><button class='btn btn-sm btn-default dropdown-toggle form-btn-lang' style=' z-index:0!important;' data-toggle='dropdown' type='button' value='structure_t'>Structure (multicrit猫res) </button><ul class='dropdown-menu' role='menu' style='max-height: 140px; overflow:auto;'><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structure_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structAcronym_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Acronyme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structCode_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Code</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structCountry_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structType_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Type</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structValid_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : 脡tat dans le r茅f茅rentiel</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='structId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure : Identifiant HAL de la structure</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='rteamStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/茅quipe de recherche : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='deptStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/regroupement d'茅quipes : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='labStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/laboratoire : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='rgrpLabStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/regroupement de laboratoires : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='instStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/institution : Pays</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='rgrpInstStructCountry_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Structure/regroupement d'institutions : Pays</a></li></ul> <input type="text" name="qa[structure_t][]" id="structure" value="" class="input-flex form-control input-sm" lang="structure_t" aria-describedby="structure-error" style=" " data-keyword="1" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type='button' class='btn btn-sm btn-primary form-btn-multi form-btn-add' onclick='MultiTextSimpleLangKeywordAdd(this, "qa");' data-toggle='tooltip' data-placement='right' data-original-title='Ajouter'><i class='icon icon-plus'></i> <span> Ajouter</span></button></span></div></div></div> <div class="form-group row " id="qa-element"><label for="qa" class="col-md-3 control-label optional">Autres</label> <div class="col-md-9"><div class="input-group" style="margin-bottom : 10px;"><button class='btn btn-sm btn-default dropdown-toggle form-btn-lang' style=' z-index:0!important;' data-toggle='dropdown' type='button' value='text'>Champ de recherche par d茅faut (multicrit猫res) </button><ul class='dropdown-menu' role='menu' style='max-height: 140px; overflow:auto;'><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='text' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Champ de recherche par d茅faut (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep1' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journal_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revues (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalPublisher_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : 脡diteur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalTitleAbbr_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : Titre abr茅g茅</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalTitle_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : Titre</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : Identifiant interne</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalDate_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : Date de d茅but de publication</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalEissn_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : ISSN 茅lectronique</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalIssn_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : ISSN</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalPublisher_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : 脡diteur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalSherpaColor_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : Couleur dans SHERPA/RoMEO</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='journalValid_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Revue : 脡tat dans le r茅f茅rentiel</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep2' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='conference_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Colloque (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='conferenceTitle_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Colloque : Titre</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='conferenceOrganizer_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Colloque : Organisateur</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='conferenceStartDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Colloque : date de d茅but (Ann茅e)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='conferenceEndDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Colloque : date de fin (Ann茅e)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='invitedCommunication_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Conf茅rence invit茅e (oui/non)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep3' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProject_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projets ANR (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectAcronym_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : Acronyme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectAcronymProgram_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : Acronyme du programme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectReference_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : Code d茅cision (r茅f茅rence)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectTitle_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : Identifiant interne</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='anrProjectValid_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANR : 脡tat dans le r茅f茅rentiel</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='funding_acronym_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANSES: Acronyme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='funding_reference_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANSES: Code decision (reference)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='funding_title_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ANSES: Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='ademe_funding_acronym_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ADEME: Acronyme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='ademe_funding_reference_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ADEME: Code decision (reference)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='ademe_funding_title_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet ADEME: Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep4' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProject_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projets europ茅ens (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectAcronym_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Acronyme</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectCallId_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Identifiant de l'appel 脿 projet</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectReference_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : R茅f茅rence</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectTitle_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectEndDate_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Date de fin</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectFinancing_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Financement</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectStartDate_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Date de d茅but</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectValid_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : 脡tat dans le r茅f茅rentiel</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='europeanProjectId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Projet europ茅en : Identifiant interne</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep6' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='producedDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de production : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='releasedDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de mise en ligne : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='publicationDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de publication : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='writingDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date d'茅criture : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='modifiedDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de modification du d茅p么t : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='submittedDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de d茅p么t : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='ePublicationDateY_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Date de publication 茅lectronique : ann茅e</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep7' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collection_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collection HAL (multicrit猫res)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collCategory_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collection HAL : cat茅gorie</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collCode_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collection HAL : Code</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collection HAL : Nom</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collection HAL : Identifiant interne</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep8' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='contributorId_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Identifiant interne du contributeur/d茅posant</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='contributorFullName_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Nom complet du contributeur/d茅posant</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep9' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='domain_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Domaines</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='primaryDomain_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Domaine primaire</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='level0_domain_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Domaine racine</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='level1_domain_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Sous-domaine niveau 1</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='level2_domain_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Sous-domaine niveau 2</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='level3_domain_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Sous-domaine niveau 3</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep10' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='status_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Statut du document</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='version_i' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Version du document</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='submitType_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Type de d茅p么t</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='docType_s' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Type de document</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='isbn_id' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">ISBN</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='number_id' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Num茅ro - r茅f茅rence</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='doiId_id' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Identifiant DOI</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='--sep11' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');"></a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='classification_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Classification</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='audience_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Audience</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='popularLevel_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Vulgarisation</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='peerReviewing_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Comit茅 de lecture - texte (oui ou non)</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='proceedings_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Actes de colloque</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='localReference_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">R茅f茅rence interne</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='funding_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Financement</a></li><li class='dropdown-item'><a data-val='collaboration_t' href='javascript:void(0);' onclick="LangInit(this, 'qa');">Collaborations</a></li></ul> <input type="text" name="qa[text][]" id="qa" value="" lang="text" class=" form-control input-sm" aria-describedby="qa-error" style=" " data-keyword="1" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type='button' class='btn btn-sm btn-primary form-btn-multi form-btn-add' onclick='MultiTextSimpleLangKeywordAdd(this, "qa");' data-toggle='tooltip' data-placement='right' data-original-title='Ajouter'><i class='icon icon-plus'></i> <span> Ajouter</span></button></span></div></div></div> <dt id="submit-label"> </dt><dd id="submit-element"> <button name="submit" id="submit-button" type="submit" value=" Lancer la recherche" class="btn btn-lg btnSearch hal-visualize-button" aria-describedby="submit-button-error"> Lancer la recherche</button></dd></form> <div class="mt-3"> <button class="tools-color btn-hide-show" data-selectOne="#solrSearchHeader" data-selectTwo="#advSearchHeader"> <span>Recherche experte (SolR)</span> </button> </div> </div> <div id="solrSearchHeader" class="hide"> <h3> Recherche experte (SolR)</h3> <form action="/search/index" method="get" id="searchHeaderSolr" name="search-simple" role="search"> <textarea type="text" name="q" class="p-5" autocomplete="off" cols="150" placeholder="Chercher un document, un auteur, un mot clef..." value=""></textarea> <div> <button type="submit" aria-label="Rechercher" class="hal-visualize-button"> <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span>Lancer la recherche</span> </button> </div> </form> <div class="mt-3"> <button class="tools-color btn-hide-show" data-selectOne="#solrSearchHeader" data-selectTwo="#advSearchHeader"> <span>Vers la recherche avanc茅e</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li id="ssheader-submit" class="btn-primary-orange position-relative"> <a href="/submit/index" class="btn-hal hal-submit-button btn-primary-orange stretched-link"> <span class="icon-add colo-white" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span> D茅poser </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <main role="main"> <div id="skip-link" tabindex="-1"></div> <div class="toast hide valid-bg toast-valid" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"> <div class="toast-body"> <div class="message"> <span class="icon-valid" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="flash-messages"> </span> </div> <button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Fermer"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="toast hide warning-bg toast-warning" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"> <div class="toast-body"> <div class="message"> <span class="icon-not_valid" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="flash-messages"> </span> </div> <button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Fermer"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="toast hide bgcolor-second toast-info" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"> <div class="toast-body"> <div 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<span class="year strong">Ann茅e : 2022</span> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow"> <div style="display: flex; justify-content: space-between;"> <div style="display: flex; align-items: center;"> <h2 class="title-lang en active" lang="en" style="margin-bottom: 0;">Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries</h2> </div> <div> <span style="margin-left: 2%; margin-right: 3%"></span> </div> </div> <span></span> <div id="authors-simplified"> <div class="authors"> <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/1098746">London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Amie+Ceesay" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Amie Ceesay</span> </a> (1, 2) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>1232239</strong></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-9040" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0003-0625-9040</a></strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_i/1232239" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Khaled Bouherrou</span> </a> (1) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/353860">Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL]</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Boun+Kim+Tan" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Boun Kim Tan</span> </a> (1, 3) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/69530">Imperial College London</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Maud+Lemoine" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Maud Lemoine</span> </a> (4) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/1098746">London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Gibril+Ndow" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Gibril Ndow</span> </a> (2) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>181906</strong></li> <li>IdHAL : <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/btestoni" target="_blank" title="Consulter les publications"><strong>btestoni</strong></a></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-5465" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0001-5588-5465</a></strong></li> <li>IdRef : <strong><a href="https://www.idref.fr/231367791" title="IdRef" target="_blank">231367791</a></strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/btestoni" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Barbara Testoni</span> </a> (1) , <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content=" <div class='popover-authors'> <div class='popover-author-header'> <h4>Auteur</h4> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>917089</strong></li> <li>IdHAL : <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/isabelle-chemin" target="_blank" title="Consulter les publications"><strong>isabelle-chemin</strong></a></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-5489" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0002-7188-5489</a></strong></li> </ul> </div> <a class='popover-affil' href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/isabelle-chemin" title="Search author" target="_blank"> <div class='popover-resume hal-privilege-button'> <span class='icon-search hal-icon'></span> Chercher dans HAL </div> </a> </div> "> <span>Isabelle Chemin</span> </a> (1) </div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-hide-show" data-selectOne="#authors-simplified" data-selectTwo="#authors-detailed">Afficher plus de d茅tails</button> <div class="structures bg-beige"> <div> <span class="icon-institution" aria-hidden="true"></span> </div> <div> <span>1</span> <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide close-outside" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content="<div class='popover-structure'><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829' target='_blank'>UNICANCER/CRCL - Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a><small> (28, rue Laennec - 69373 Lyon - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>139829</label><ul><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/20549' target='_blank'>Centre L茅on B茅rard [Lyon]</a><small> (28, rue Laennec 69373 LYON Cedex 08 - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>20549</label></li><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/194495' target='_blank'>UCBL - Universit茅 Claude Bernard Lyon 1</a><small> (43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>194495</label><ul><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/301088' target='_blank'>Universit茅 de Lyon</a><small> (92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07 - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>301088</label></li></ul></li><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/303623' target='_blank'>INSERM - Institut National de la Sant茅 et de la Recherche M茅dicale</a> : U1052<small> (101, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>303623</label></li><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/441569' target='_blank'>CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</a> : UMR5286<small> (France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>441569</label></li></ul></div>"> UNICANCER/CRCL - Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon </a> <br> <span>2</span> <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide close-outside" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content="<div class='popover-structure'><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/1098746' target='_blank'>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]</a><small> (Gambie)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>1098746</label><ul><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/353798' target='_blank'>LSHTM - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</a><small> (Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT - Royaume-Uni)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>353798</label></li></ul></div>"> London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia] </a> <br> <span>3</span> <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide close-outside" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content="<div class='popover-structure'><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/353860' target='_blank'>CHLS - Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL]</a><small> (165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet 69495 Pierre-B茅nite - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>353860</label><ul><li><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/300074' target='_blank'>HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon</a><small> (3 Quai des C茅lestins 69002 Lyon - France)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>300074</label></li></ul></div>"> CHLS - Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] </a> <br> <span>4</span> <a type="button" data-toggle="popover" class="btn-popover no-hide close-outside" data-container="body" data-placement="right" data-title="" data-content="<div class='popover-structure'><a href='/search/index/q/*/structId_i/69530' target='_blank'>Imperial College London</a><small> (South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ - Royaume-Uni)</small> <label class='label label-primary label-VALID'>69530</label></div>"> Imperial College London </a> <br> </div> </div> </div> <div id="authors-detailed"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Amie+Ceesay" target="_blank">Amie Ceesay</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> </div> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/1098746">London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_i/1232239" target="_blank">Khaled Bouherrou</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>1232239</strong></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-9040" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0003-0625-9040</a></strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Boun+Kim+Tan" target="_blank">Boun Kim Tan</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> </div> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/353860">Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL]</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Maud+Lemoine" target="_blank">Maud Lemoine</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/69530">Imperial College London</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authFullName_s/Gibril+Ndow" target="_blank">Gibril Ndow</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/1098746">London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia]</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/btestoni" target="_blank">Barbara Testoni</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>181906</strong></li> <li>IdHAL : <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/btestoni" target="_blank" title="Consulter les publications"><strong>btestoni</strong></a></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-5465" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0001-5588-5465</a></strong></li> <li>IdRef : <strong><a href="https://www.idref.fr/231367791" title="IdRef" target="_blank">231367791</a></strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-4"> <div class="bg-beige"> <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/isabelle-chemin" target="_blank">Isabelle Chemin</a> <ul> <li>Fonction : <strong>Auteur</strong></li> <li>PersonId : <strong>917089</strong></li> <li>IdHAL : <a href="/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/isabelle-chemin" target="_blank" title="Consulter les publications"><strong>isabelle-chemin</strong></a></li> <li>ORCID : <strong><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-5489" title="ORCID" target="_blank">0000-0002-7188-5489</a></strong></li> </ul> <div class='detailed-affil'> <span class='icon-institution hal-icon'></span> <a href="/search/index/q/*/structId_i/139829">Centre de Recherche en Canc茅rologie de Lyon</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button type="button" class="btn btn-hide-show" data-selectOne="#authors-simplified" data-selectTwo="#authors-detailed" style="margin-top: 22px;">R茅duire la vue d茅taill茅e</button> </div> <div class="row" style="width: 102%;"> <div class="abstract col-lg-7"> <div> <h4> R茅sum茅 </h4> <div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Choix langues"> <button class="btn btn-lang-abstract active" aria-pressed="true" data-lang="en"> en </button> </div> </div> <div class="abstract-content active" lang="en"> <p> To achieve the World Health Organization鈥檚 (WHO) goals of eradicating viral hepatitis globally by 2030, the regional prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection must be known in order to implement preventiveon and treatment strategies. HBV/HDV coinfection is considered the most severe form of vira l hepatitis due to it鈥檚 rapid progression towards cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. The role of simplified diagnosticsis tools for screening and monitoring HBV/HDV-coinfected patients is crucial. Many sophisticated tools for diagnoses have been developed for detection of HBV alone as well as HBV/HDV coinfection. However, these advanced techniques are not widely available in low-income countries and there is no standardization for HDV detection assays, which are used for monitoring the response to antiviral therapy. More accessible and affordable alternative methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are being developed and validated for equipment-free and specific detection of HBV and HDV. This review will provide some insight into both existing and diagnosis tools under development, their applicability in developing countries and how they could increase screening, patient monitoring and treatment eligibility. </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-5"> <div class="keywords"> <div> <h4> Mots cl茅s </h4> <div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Choix langues" style="align-items: unset;"> <button class="btn btn-lang-keywords active" aria-pressed="true" data-lang="en"> en </button> </div> <div class="keys-lang en active" data-lang="en"> <ul class="listKeyword"> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/serology" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">serology</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/HBV" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HBV</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/HDV" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">HDV</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/coinfection" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">coinfection</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/diagnosis" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">diagnosis</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/molecular" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">molecular</a> </li> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/keyword_t/screening" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">screening</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="domains"> <h4> Domaines </h4> <ul class="listDomains"> <li> <a class="hal-bgtext" href="/search/index/q/*/level2_domain_s/sdv.mhep.mi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maladies infectieuses</a> </li> </ul> </div> <button data-toggle="modal" data-docid="5021165" data-target="#metadatas_Modal" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="metadatas_Modal" class="btn hal-option-button metadatas" style="margin-top: 48px; 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Viral Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Delta: What We Know and What Is Still Required? Specific Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries. <i>Microorganisms</i>, 2022, 10 (11), pp.2096. <a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112096">⟨10.3390/microorganisms10112096⟩</a>. <a target="_blank" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1">⟨hal-04008671⟩</a> </div> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow section-export"> <h3> Exporter</h3> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/bibtex" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">BibTeX</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/tei" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">XML-TEI</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/dc" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">Dublin Core</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/dcterms" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">DC Terms</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/endnote" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">EndNote</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="https://hal.science/hal-04008671v1/datacite" target="_blank" style="white-space: nowrap;">DataCite</a> </span> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow section-collection"> <h3> Collections</h3> <div> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/INSERM" target="_blank"> INSERM</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/HCL" target="_blank"> HCL</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/CNRS" target="_blank"> CNRS</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/UNIV-LYON1" target="_blank"> UNIV-LYON1</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/CHLS" target="_blank"> CHLS</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/CRCL" target="_blank"> CRCL</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/UDL" target="_blank"> UDL</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/ANR" target="_blank"> ANR</a> </span> <span class="d-inline-block"> <a class="hal-bgtext size-regular" href="/CRCL-EQUIPE-F-ZOULIM" target="_blank"> CRCL-EQUIPE-F-ZOULIM</a> </span> </div> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow" id="metrics"> <div class="row"> <div class="metrics-views col-6"> <span> 84 </span> <span>Consultations</span> </div> <div class="metrics-views col-6"> <span> 0 </span> <span>T茅l茅chargements</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow section-collection"> <h3> Altmetric</h3> <script src="https://d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net/assets/embed.js"></script> <div data-badge-details="right" data-badge-type="donut" data-hide-no-mentions="false" class="altmetric-embed" data-doi="10.3390/microorganisms10112096" ></div> </div> <div class="section-content section-shadow"> <h3> Partager</h3> <!-- AddToAny BEGIN --> <!-- AddToAny BEGIN --> <div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style" > <ul class="listIconsAdd2Any"> <li><a class="a2a_button_google_gmail"></a><span class="sr-only"> </span></li> <li><a class="a2a_button_mastodon"></a><span class="sr-only"> </span></li> <li><a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a><span class="sr-only"> </span></li> <li><a class="a2a_button_x"></a><span class="sr-only"> </span></li> <li><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"></a><span class="sr-only"> </span></li> <li><a class="a2a_dd" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a><span class="sr-only"> More </span></li> </ul> </div> <!-- from a2a --> <script async src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js"></script> <!-- AddToAny END --> </div> </section> </section> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { linkifyElem ('.linkify'); 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