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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style>Angel Trains is a British <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock_company" title="Rolling stock company">rolling stock company</a> (ROSCO). Together with <a href="/wiki/Eversholt_Rail_Group" title="Eversholt Rail Group">Eversholt Rail Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/Porterbrook" title="Porterbrook">Porterbrook</a>, it is one of the three original ROSCOs. <table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Angel Trains</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Angel_trains_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Angel_trains_logo.svg/220px-Angel_trains_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Angel_trains_logo.svg/330px-Angel_trains_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Angel_trains_logo.svg/440px-Angel_trains_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="61"></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Rail</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">March 1994</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">England<a href="#cite_note-gov_profile-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">Rolling stock</a> leasing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/AMP_Capital" title="AMP Capital">AMP Capital Investors</a> (55%) <a href="/wiki/Public_Sector_Pension_Investment_Board" title="Public Sector Pension Investment Board">PSP Investments</a> (30%) <a href="/wiki/International_Public_Partnerships" title="International Public Partnerships">International Public Partnerships</a> (5%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.angeltrains.co.uk">www.angeltrains.co.uk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Angel Trains was established in March 1994 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Privatisation_of_British_Rail" title="Privatisation of British Rail">privatisation of British Rail</a>. In November 1995, it was bought by <a href="/wiki/Nomura_Holdings" title="Nomura Holdings">Nomura Holdings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babcock_%26_Brown" title="Babcock & Brown">Babcock & Brown</a>, and former <a href="/wiki/InterCity_(British_Rail)" title="InterCity (British Rail)">InterCity</a> manager John Prideaux. By September of the following year, Angel Trains had contracts with 19 of the 25 <a href="/wiki/Train_operating_company" title="Train operating company">train operating companies</a> (TOCs) in the UK, and owned approximately 3,755 vehicles. During December 1997, Angel Trains was sold on to the <a href="/wiki/NatWest_Group" title="NatWest Group">Royal Bank of Scotland</a>, leading to criticism of the firm having been previously undervalued. The firm quickly expanded into the continental European rail leasing business; this international branch of the firm would be split off as Angel Trains International during 2008 and was subsequently rebranded as <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Trains" title="Alpha Trains">Alpha Trains</a>. In addition to its British Rail-era inventory, Angel Trains acquired new rolling stock, such as the <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_390" title="British Rail Class 390">Class 390</a> 'Pendolino' <a href="/wiki/Electric_multiple_unit" title="Electric multiple unit">electric multiple units</a> (EMUs), which were introduced by <a href="/wiki/Virgin_West_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin West Coast">Virgin West Coast</a> during the early 2000s. Following another takeover of the business in 2008, at which point it reportedly held over 40 per cent of the railway rolling stock leasing market in Britain, a major restructuring was undertaken. Since the 2010s, Angel Trains has arranged deals involving <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail_Italy" title="Hitachi Rail Italy">Hitachi</a>-built high speed <a href="/wiki/Electro-diesel_multiple_unit" title="Electro-diesel multiple unit">bi-mode</a> trains, such as a deal for 19 five-car <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_802" title="British Rail Class 802">Class 802</a> for train operator <a href="/wiki/TransPennine_Express" title="TransPennine Express">TransPennine Express</a> (TPE). Angel Trains has also participated in numerous programs to boost its rolling stock's efficiency and environmental credentials, such as converting several vehicles into <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_train" title="Hybrid train">hybrid diesel and battery-powered trains</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> <a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">fuel cells</a>, as well as other initiatives. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Initial_fleet">2 Initial fleet</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#References">3 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#External_links">4 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_Trains&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Angel Trains was established on 21 March 1994 as a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Rail</a>; its creation was one of many preparatory steps involved in the <a href="/wiki/Privatisation_of_British_Rail" title="Privatisation of British Rail">privatisation of British Rail</a> during the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-gov_profile-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-RE281-2">[2]</a> It was named Angel Trains after the <a href="/wiki/Angel,_London" title="Angel, London">London neighborhood</a> in which British Rail's offices were located.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> During November 1995, Angel Trains was sold to a consortium of the Japanese financial services company <a href="/wiki/Nomura_Holdings" title="Nomura Holdings">Nomura Holdings</a> (85%), global investment specialist <a href="/wiki/Babcock_%26_Brown" title="Babcock & Brown">Babcock & Brown</a> (10%) and former <a href="/wiki/InterCity_(British_Rail)" title="InterCity (British Rail)">InterCity</a> manager John Prideaux (5%); a private consultancy company owned by Prideaux, Prideaux & Associates, was utilised in this deal.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-independent_1997-6">[6]</a> By September 1996, Angel Trains had contracts in place with 19 of the 25 train operating companies in the UK, and owned approximately 3,755 vehicles, a third of which were less than eight years old at that time. Less than one year after the acquisition, Nomura was already examining options to merge or sell on Angel Trains, or form a joint venture with a <a href="/wiki/Train_operating_company" title="Train operating company">train operating company</a> (TOC); it had reportedly encouraged by the recent sale of other ROSCOs, such as <a href="/wiki/Porterbrook" title="Porterbrook">Porterbrook</a> to <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach" title="Stagecoach">Stagecoach</a> in addition to alleged approaches by unidentified third parties.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> During December 1997, Angel Trains was purchased by the financial services group <a href="/wiki/NatWest_Group" title="NatWest Group">Royal Bank of Scotland</a> in exchange for £395 million.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The company had been sold at <a href="/wiki/Auction" title="Auction">auction</a> by its previous owners, according to the British newspaper <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>, the bidding for Angel Trains had been quite vigorous.<a href="#cite_note-independent_1997-6">[6]</a> Around this time, allegations arose that companies such as Angel Trains had been privatised for sums that were far too small by the British Government, which led to an in-depth investigation being conducted by the <a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Audit Office (United Kingdom)">National Audit Office</a> in addition to separate reviews by regulators.<a href="#cite_note-independent_1997-6">[6]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Class_66_FPL66001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Class_66_FPL66001.jpg/220px-Class_66_FPL66001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Class_66_FPL66001.jpg/220px-Class_66_FPL66001.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Class_66_FPL66001.jpg/330px-Class_66_FPL66001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Class_66_FPL66001.jpg/440px-Class_66_FPL66001.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Freightliner_Group" title="Freightliner Group">Freightliner</a> <a href="/wiki/EMD_Class_66" title="EMD Class 66">PL EMD JT42CWRM</a>, May 2008</figcaption></figure> Throughout the late 1990s and into the 2000s, Angel Trains considerably expanded its leasing business, especially in the continental European market. It entered into a <a href="/wiki/Joint_venture" title="Joint venture">joint venture</a> with the German locomotive manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Vossloh" title="Vossloh">Vossloh</a>, which led to the formation of another leasing company Locomotion Capital, during 2000. Additionally, through investment in its international branches <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Trains" title="Alpha Trains">Angel Trains Cargo</a> (leasing freight rolling stock) and Angel Trains Europa (leasing passenger rolling stock), the company became one of the largest rolling stock leasing companies in Europe - specifically in terms of freight locomotives.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg/220px-Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="457"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg/220px-Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg/330px-Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg/440px-Pendolino_at_Beck_Foot_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358839.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Trains" title="Virgin Trains">Virgin Trains</a> Pendolino tilting into one of the many curves on the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a></figcaption></figure> Angel Trains also entered into new leasing arrangements for brand new rolling stock around this time. One high profile example was the <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_390" title="British Rail Class 390">Class 390</a> 'Pendolino' <a href="/wiki/Electric_multiple_unit" title="Electric multiple unit">electric multiple units</a> (EMUs), the initial order for which comprised 54 nine-car units at a cost of £500 million on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Virgin_West_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin West Coast">Virgin West Coast</a>.<a href="#cite_note-knig_2000-10">[10]</a> Unusually, these trains featured an active <a href="/wiki/Tilting_train" title="Tilting train">tilt</a> system, designed to provide higher passenger comfort while travelling at speed around curves.<a href="#cite_note-AT1-11">[11]</a> Due to a large increase in passenger numbers following the WCML modernisation, the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Transport" title="Department for Transport">Department for Transport</a> announced the procurement of four additional Class 390s, each with 11 cars, while 31 of the existing trainsets were also lengthened to 11 cars to provide increased capacity.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-tr_Trains-13">[13]</a> In June 2008, Angel Trains was acquired by a consortium of <a href="/wiki/Babcock_%26_Brown" title="Babcock & Brown">Babcock & Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/AMP_Capital" title="AMP Capital">AMP Capital</a>, Arcus European Infrastructure Fund and <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bank" title="Deutsche Bank">Deutsche Bank</a> at a reported cost of £3.6 billion.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Babcock & Brown's head of European infrastructure, Simon Gray, referred to the purchase as "one of the largest acquisitions in Europe in the last few months". At the time, Angel Trains held more than 40 per cent of the railway rolling stock leasing market in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The 2008 takeover promptly led to a major restructuring of the business' activities; all of its international operations were split out into Angel Trains International, during January 2010, this division was rebranded as <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Trains" title="Alpha Trains">Alpha Trains</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> During 2015, AMP Capital Investors and PSP Investments increased their shareholdings in Angel Trains to 55% and 30% respectively after purchasing the stock formerly owned by Arcus European Infrastructure Fund.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Since the 2010s, Angel Trains has been involved in the supply of <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail_Italy" title="Hitachi Rail Italy">Hitachi</a>-built high speed <a href="/wiki/Electro-diesel_multiple_unit" title="Electro-diesel multiple unit">bi-mode</a> trains, such as a deal for 19 five-car <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_802" title="British Rail Class 802">Class 802</a> for train operator <a href="/wiki/TransPennine_Express" title="TransPennine Express">TransPennine Express</a> (TPE).<a href="#cite_note-angel_802-22">[22]</a> Referred to as the Nova 1 by TPE, it was procured under plans to bolster its route capacity by roughly 80%.<a href="#cite_note-railmag_2019-23">[23]</a> According to Robin Davis, TPE's Head of New Trains, a major rationale behind the Nova 1 was its bi-mode capability, noting that electrification ambitions often had much uncertainty, while a bi-mode fleet eliminated the operational risk to such uncertainty.<a href="#cite_note-railmag_2019-23">[23]</a> Angel Trains has participated in numerous initiatives to improve the efficiency and environmental credentials of the railways. In September 2018, plans were announced by Angel Trains to convert <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_165" title="British Rail Class 165">Class 165</a> diesel multiple units into <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_train" title="Hybrid train">hybrid diesel and battery-powered trains</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> For this scheme, the original diesel-hydraulic drives were replaced by electric drives, the engines charge the batteries, making the drive effectively a hybridized diesel-electric drive; in February 2022, the first trainset was entered service with <a href="/wiki/Chiltern_Railways" title="Chiltern Railways">Chiltern Railways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hybrid-25">[25]</a> In February 2020, <a href="/wiki/ScotRail" title="ScotRail">ScotRail</a> and Angel Trains announced plans to convert a <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_314" title="British Rail Class 314">Class 314</a> EMU, equipping it with <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> <a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">fuel cells</a>, as a technical demonstration of the feasibility of using hydrogen to fuel trains.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-railing_scotshydro2021-27">[27]</a> In July 2020, Riding Sunbeams formed a consortium that included Angel Trains to power electrified railway lines using 100 per cent <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> During November 2021, it was announced that Hitachi Rail and Angel Trains would trial the use of <a href="/wiki/Electric_battery" title="Electric battery">battery</a> power on hybrid high speed trains in order to reduce fuel consumption.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> By June 2019, Angel Trains' inventory of rolling stock reportedly totalled 4,421 vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Initial_fleet">Initial fleet</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_Trains&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Initial fleet" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> The fleet Angel Trains inherited from <a href="/wiki/British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Rail</a> in 1994 comprised:<a href="#cite_note-RE281-2">[2]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Class </th> <th>Number of carriages </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">First generation </td> <td align="center">137 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_43_(HST)" title="British Rail Class 43 (HST)">43</a> </td> <td align="center">115 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_142" title="British Rail Class 142">142</a> </td> <td align="center">190 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_150" title="British Rail Class 150">150</a> </td> <td align="center">146 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_153" title="British Rail Class 153">153</a> </td> <td align="center">30 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_156" title="British Rail Class 156">156</a> </td> <td align="center">124 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_165" title="British Rail Class 165">165</a> </td> <td align="center">180 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_166" title="British Rail Class 166">166</a> </td> <td align="center">63 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_303" title="British Rail Class 303">303</a> </td> <td align="center">144 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_305" title="British Rail Class 305">305</a> </td> <td align="center">75 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_308" title="British Rail Class 308">308</a> </td> <td align="center">63 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_312" title="British Rail Class 312">312</a> </td> <td align="center">180 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_314" title="British Rail Class 314">314</a> </td> <td align="center">48 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_317" title="British Rail Class 317">317</a> </td> <td align="center">288 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_421" title="British Rail Class 421">421</a> </td> <td align="center">332 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_423" title="British Rail Class 423">423</a> </td> <td align="center">264 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_442" title="British Rail Class 442">442</a> </td> <td align="center">120 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_465" title="British Rail Class 465">465</a> </td> <td align="center">200 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_507" title="British Rail Class 507">507</a> </td> <td align="center">96 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_508" title="British Rail Class 508">508</a> </td> <td align="center">93 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Mark_3" title="British Rail Mark 3">Mark 3 coaches</a> </td> <td align="center">416 </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_Trains&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gov_profile-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gov_profile_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gov_profile_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/02912655">"Angel Trains Limited, Company number: 02912655"</a>. gov.uk. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Angel+Trains+Limited%2C+Company+number%3A+02912655&rft.pub=gov.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffind-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk%2Fcompany%2F02912655&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RE281-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RE281_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RE281_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"25 Years of ROSCOs". <a href="/wiki/Rail_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail Express">Rail Express</a>. No. 281. October 2019. pp. 18–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rail+Express&rft.atitle=25+Years+of+ROSCOs&rft.issue=281&rft.pages=18-21&rft.date=2019-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Why Angel Trains?". <a href="/wiki/Today%27s_Railways_UK" title="Today's Railways UK">Entrain</a>. No. 113. May 2005. p. 25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entrain&rft.atitle=Why+Angel+Trains%3F&rft.issue=113&rft.pages=25&rft.date=2005-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"ROSCOs sold for £1,699.5m". <a href="/wiki/Rail_Business_Intelligence" title="Rail Business Intelligence">Rail Privatisation News</a> (18): 16. 16 November 1995.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rail+Privatisation+News&rft.atitle=ROSCOs+sold+for+%C2%A31%2C699.5m&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1995-11-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"BR's passenger trains fleet sold-off for £1.8 billion". <a href="/wiki/Rail_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail Magazine">Rail Magazine</a>. No. 266. 22 November 1995. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rail+Magazine&rft.atitle=BR%27s+passenger+trains+fleet+sold-off+for+%C2%A31.8+billion&rft.issue=266&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1995-11-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent_1997-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-independent_1997_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_1997_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-independent_1997_6-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodsmark1997" class="citation news cs1">Godsmark, Chris (18 December 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151211102115/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/ex-intercity-chief-makes-pounds-15m-from-angel-trains-sale-1289438.html">"Ex-InterCity chief makes pounds 15m from Angel Trains sale"</a>. The Independent. 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Retrieved 16 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.businessgreen.com&rft.atitle=Solar+trains%3A+Government+confirms+funding+for+low+carbon+rail+projects%2C+but+does+it+go+far+enough&rft.date=2019-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessgreen.com%2Fnews-analysis%2F3070210%2Fsolar-trains-government-confirms-funding-for-low-carbon-rail-projects-but-does-it-go-far-enough&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharpe2020" class="citation web cs1">Sharpe, Lorna (13 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2020/07/rail-solar-projects-pave-the-way-for-renewables/">"Rail solar projects pave the way for renewables"</a>. eandt.theiet.org. Retrieved 16 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eandt.theiet.org&rft.atitle=Rail+solar+projects+pave+the+way+for+renewables&rft.date=2020-07-13&rft.aulast=Sharpe&rft.aufirst=Lorna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feandt.theiet.org%2Fcontent%2Farticles%2F2020%2F07%2Frail-solar-projects-pave-the-way-for-renewables%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalrailwayreview.com/news/129558/hitachi-rail-and-angel-trains-to-trial-intercity-battery-hybrid-trains/">"Hitachi Rail and Angel Trains to trial intercity battery hybrid trains"</a>. globalrailwayreview.com. 10 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=globalrailwayreview.com&rft.atitle=Hitachi+Rail+and+Angel+Trains+to+trial+intercity+battery+hybrid+trains&rft.date=2021-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalrailwayreview.com%2Fnews%2F129558%2Fhitachi-rail-and-angel-trains-to-trial-intercity-battery-hybrid-trains%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200418102548/https://www.angeltrains.co.uk/desktopmodules/ang.InvestorCentre/Files/Investor%20Report%20-%20Year%20Ended%2030%20June%202019.pdf">"Investor report for year ended 30 June 2019"</a> (PDF). Angel Trains. 30 June 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.angeltrains.co.uk/desktopmodules/ang.InvestorCentre/Files/Investor%20Report%20-%20Year%20Ended%2030%20June%202019.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 18 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Investor+report+for+year+ended+30+June+2019&rft.pub=Angel+Trains&rft.date=2019-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.angeltrains.co.uk%2Fdesktopmodules%2Fang.InvestorCentre%2FFiles%2FInvestor%2520Report%2520-%2520Year%2520Ended%252030%2520June%25202019.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAngel+Trains" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_Trains&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_Trains" title="Angel Trains – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Angel Trains" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="انجل ترینز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجل ترینز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_Trains" title="Angel Trains – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Angel Trains" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv 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