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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreation_and_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreation_and_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Recreation and tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreation_and_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals_and_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals_and_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Festivals and events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals_and_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-River_Murray_International_Dark_Sky_Reserve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#River_Murray_International_Dark_Sky_Reserve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-River_Murray_International_Dark_Sky_Reserve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Geographic region in the eastern part of South Australia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png/220px-Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png/330px-Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png/440px-Map_of_the_Murraylands_region_of_South_Australia.png 2x" data-file-width="2295" data-file-height="2365" /></a><figcaption>The Murraylands region takes its name from the <a href="/wiki/River_Murray" class="mw-redirect" title="River Murray">River Murray</a>, which runs through it and the <a href="/wiki/Riverland" title="Riverland">Riverland</a>, to its north, for 200 kilometres (120 miles)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_(South_Australian_Railways)_1913.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg/220px-Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg/330px-Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg/440px-Map_of_Murraylands_railway_lines_%28South_Australian_Railways%29_1913.jpg 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="933" /></a><figcaption>The South Australian Railways constructed 707 kilometres (439 miles) of lightly built railway lines, mainly in the 1910s, to encourage agricultural development throughout the Murraylands and what is now designated as the <a href="/wiki/Riverland" title="Riverland">Riverland</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Murraylands</b> is a geographical region of the Australian state of <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a> (SA); its name reflects that of the river running through it. Lying due east of South Australia's capital city, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, it extends from the eastern slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Lofty_Ranges" title="Mount Lofty Ranges">Mount Lofty Ranges</a> to the border with the state of <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>, a distance of about 180 kilometres (110 miles). The north-to-south distance is about 130 kilometres (81 miles). The region's economy is centred on agriculture (especially vegetables, grains and livestock), and tourism, especially along its 200-kilometre (120-mile) frontage of the <a href="/wiki/Murray_River" title="Murray River">River Murray</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main towns in the region, in order of population at the 2016 census, are:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bridge,_South_Australia" title="Murray Bridge, South Australia">Murray Bridge</a> (16,560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannum" title="Mannum">Mannum</a> (2640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailem_Bend" class="mw-redirect" title="Tailem Bend">Tailem Bend</a> (1660)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milang" class="mw-redirect" title="Milang">Milang</a> (880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lameroo" class="mw-redirect" title="Lameroo">Lameroo</a> (850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnaroo,_South_Australia" title="Pinnaroo, South Australia">Pinnaroo</a> (710)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callington,_South_Australia" title="Callington, South Australia">Callington</a> (610)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truro,_South_Australia" title="Truro, South Australia">Truro</a> (550)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoonda,_South_Australia" title="Karoonda, South Australia">Karoonda</a> (510)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanchetown" title="Blanchetown">Blanchetown</a> (310)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Reach,_South_Australia" title="Swan Reach, South Australia">Swan Reach</a> (280).</li></ul> <p>These towns' populations totalled 24,600.<sup id="cite_ref-townpop_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-townpop-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People living outside the towns approximated 8,000.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region has a <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate#Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a>, with warm to hot, dry summers and mild winters. Mean maximum temperatures range from 22.3 °C (72 °F) in the south to 23.6 °C (74 °F) in the north; minimums are from 8.8 °C (48 °F) to 8.8 °C (48 °F) respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional_context">Regional context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Regional context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Murraylands region is long established in South Australia and the name is widely used by residents of the region and elsewhere in the state, but there is a multiplicity of names that refer to the geography in that part of the state. <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Government Area">Local Government Areas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Australia" title="Regions of South Australia">South Australian Government Regions</a> continually change, and in the case of the Murraylands, its boundaries no longer correspond exactly with other types of divisions. The 2018 state electorate of Hammond had the nearest-equivalent borders.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The South Australian Government region of which it was part was <i>Murray and Mallee</i>, extending about 170 kilometres (110 miles) north of the Murraylands to include the <a href="/wiki/Riverland" title="Riverland">Riverland</a> region; and extending to the south of the Murraylands to <a href="/wiki/Coorong,_South_Australia" title="Coorong, South Australia">The Coorong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_South_Australia_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_South_Australia-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of similar size to the Murray and Mallee region is Regional Development Australia's <i>Murraylands and Riverland Region</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A generic term, applied to a larger area than the Murraylands, is <i><a href="/wiki/Murray_Mallee" title="Murray Mallee">Murray Mallee</a></i>. Tourism regions are different again: the South Australian Tourism Commission includes the Murraylands with the lakes at the mouth of the Murray, and The Coorong, in an area that earned $148  million in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area extends well into the state of Victoria, where it is known simply as <i>The Mallee</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_Murraylands_landscape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1173" data-file-height="877" /></a><figcaption>Wheat farming dominates much of the Murraylands landscape</figcaption></figure> <p>The Murraylands economy is strongly reliant on primary industry. In 2014–15, primary production accounted for 41.6 per cent of the gross regional product in the SA Government's <i>Murray and Mallee</i> region. Within the Murraylands, the top three commodities were vegetables, grains and livestock.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2001 to 2009 and 2017 to 2019, the Murraylands region was one of many regions in south-east Australia afflicted by severe <a href="/wiki/Drought_in_Australia#Drought_in_the_21st_century" title="Drought in Australia">drought</a>, which significantly degraded the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">local government</a> councils within the Murraylands were: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mid_Murray_Council" title="Mid Murray Council">Mid Murray Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Council_of_Loxton_Waikerie" title="District Council of Loxton Waikerie">District Council of Loxton Waikerie</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Council_of_Karoonda_East_Murray" title="District Council of Karoonda East Murray">District Council of Karoonda East Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_City_of_Murray_Bridge" title="Rural City of Murray Bridge">Rural City of Murray Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Mallee_District_Council" title="Southern Mallee District Council">Southern Mallee District Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Council_of_The_Coorong" class="mw-redirect" title="District Council of The Coorong">District Council of The Coorong</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreation_and_tourism">Recreation and tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Recreation and tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recreational opportunities are abundant in the region. There are many sport facilities, reserves, parks, and trails for walking, cycling and horse riding.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many are connected to the <a href="/wiki/Murray_River" title="Murray River">River Murray</a>. A major government program has funded a Murray Coorong Trail initiative, which will eventually connect a range of loop trails and experiences beside or near the river for 250 kilometres (160 miles) from <a href="/wiki/Cadell" title="Cadell">Cadell</a> in the Riverland to <a href="/wiki/Salt_Creek,_South_Australia" title="Salt Creek, South Australia">Salt Creek</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Coorong_National_Park" title="Coorong National Park">Coorong National Park</a>; as of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> a 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) walking trail had been completed at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/MurrayCoorongTrail">Parnka Point</a> in Coorong National Park and others were being constructed.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recreational fishing and watersports are especially popular. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murray_Bridge_Rowing_Club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murray Bridge Rowing Club (page does not exist)">Murray Bridge Rowing Club</a>, founded in 1909, is one of South Australia's oldest rowing clubs<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has fostered many champions, including recent world champion and Olympic medal winner, <a href="/wiki/James_McRae" title="James McRae">James McRae</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Pfeiffer_(rower)" title="Walter Pfeiffer (rower)">Walter Pfeiffer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Jarvis" title="Walter Jarvis">Walter Jarvis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Cummings" title="Frank Cummings">Frank Cummings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Thomas_(rower)" title="Ted Thomas (rower)">Ted Thomas (rower)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Graetz" title="Herbert Graetz">Herbert Graetz</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Sladden" title="William Sladden">William Sladden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cummings_(rowing)" title="Robert Cummings (rowing)">Robert Cummings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Scott_(rower)" title="Arthur Scott (rower)">Arthur Scott</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alf_Taeuber" title="Alf Taeuber">Alf Taeuber</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Festivals_and_events">Festivals and events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Festivals and events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>: </p> <dl><dd><div><ul><li>January: Asian Le Mans Series car races and other motorsport events, <a href="/wiki/The_Bend_Motorsport_Park" title="The Bend Motorsport Park">The Bend Motorsport Park</a>, Tailem Bend</li><li>January: Murray River Splash program (family fun activities)</li><li>February: Murray Bridge Fringe, a three-day event</li><li>March: Revolve24, "fast, safe, fun-on-a-bike weekend festival of cycling, The Bend Motorpsort Park, Tailem Bend</li><li>September–April: Murray Bridge Speedway events</li><li>September: <a href="/wiki/Australian_HPV_Super_Series" title="Australian HPV Super Series">Australian International Pedal Prix</a>, Murray Bridge</li><li>October: Callington Show</li><li>October, March: Country by the River, a two-day music festival, Murray Bridge</li><li>October, December: Motorsport Australia Championships, The Bend Motorsport Park, Tailem Bend</li><li>November: All Steamed Up – engine, blacksmith and classic boat festival, Mannum</li><li>Every month: Mannum Cars and Coffee, in Arnold Park, Mannum</li><li>Various days: Murray Bridge Racing Club events and races.</li></ul></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="River_Murray_International_Dark_Sky_Reserve">River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the north-west corner of the Murraylands is the River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve, an area of 3200 square kilometres (1200 square miles) centred on the <a href="/wiki/Swan_Reach,_South_Australia#River_Murray_International_Dark_Sky_Reserve" title="Swan Reach, South Australia">Swan Reach Conservation Park</a> – one of the darkest locations in the world. The darkness is enhanced by the dry climate and low humidity with long periods of clear skies all year round. Low population, freedom from major development, and supportive policies of the <a href="/wiki/Mid_Murray_Council" title="Mid Murray Council">Mid Murray Council</a> regarding artificial light and future development were also crucial in the reserve being established.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Respect for the natural environment on which they depend is a strong characteristic of people in the area. The region has a number of national parks and conservation areas where bush walking, sightseeing, bird watching, camping, caravanning, 4-wheel driving and orienteering activities are welcome. They include:<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngarkat_Conservation_Park" title="Ngarkat Conservation Park">Ngarkat Conservation Park</a>: a very large area at the south-east corner of the Murraylands. Bush tracks are available to 4-wheel vehicles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngaut_Ngaut_Conservation_Park" title="Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park">Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park</a>: near the town of <a href="/wiki/Nildottie" class="mw-redirect" title="Nildottie">Nildottie</a>. Culturally significant traditional lands of the Nganguraku people; only accessible with a guided tour.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorong_National_Park" title="Coorong National Park">Coorong National Park</a>: 130 kilometres (81 miles) of coastal saltwater lagoons and wetlands scenery, home to many species of birds including native ducks and swans, pelicans, and migratory birds.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Murraylands region had 47 educational establishments within and immediately outside its boundaries, as shown in the table. </p> <table class="wikitable floatleft mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" border="1" style="width:95%; font-size: 86%; float:left; margin-left:2em; margin-right:2em; margin-bottom:2em"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Educational establishments</b></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">Pre-school</th> <th scope="col">Primary</th> <th scope="col">Secondary and TAFE<big>*</big> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Morgan Preschool<big>**</big></td> <td>Morgan Primary School<big>**</big></td> <td>Swan Reach Area School </td></tr> <tr> <td>Swan Reach and Area Kindergarten</td> <td>Truro Primary School</td> <td>Mannum Community College </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mannum Kindergarten</td> <td>Blanchetown Primary School</td> <td>Murray Bridge High School </td></tr> <tr> <td>Murray Bridge Preschool Kindergarten</td> <td>Cambrai Area School<big>**</big></td> <td>Unity College, Murray Bridge </td></tr> <tr> <td>Callington Kindergarten</td> <td>Swan Reach Primary School</td> <td>Tyndale Christian School, Murray Bridge </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tailem Bend Kindergarten</td> <td>Swan Reach Area School</td> <td>St Joseph's School, Murray Bridge </td></tr> <tr> <td>Meningie Kindergarten<big>**</big></td> <td>Palmer Primary School</td> <td>Meningie Area School<big>**</big> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coonalpyn Kindergarten<big>**</big></td> <td>Mypolonga Primary School</td> <td>Lameroo Regional Community School </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tintinara Preschool<big>**</big></td> <td>Murray Bridge South Primary School</td> <td>Murray Bridge TAFE </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lameroo and District Kindergarten</td> <td>Murray Bridge North Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pinnaroo Kindergarten</td> <td>Fraser Park Primary School, Murray Bridge</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Concordia Kindergarten</td> <td>Murray Bridge State School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Callington Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tailem Bend Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Meningie Area School<big>**</big></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Salt Creek Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Coonalpyn Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Coomandook Area School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tintinara Area School<big>**</big></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Lameroo Regional Community School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Pinnaroo Primary School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Karoonda Area School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mannum Community College Junior School</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tyndale Christian School, Murray Bridge</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>St Joseph's School, Murray Bridge</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Unity College Junior School, Murray Bridge</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><big>*</big><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><i>TAFE: Technical and further education college.</i>  <big>**</big><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><i>Located just outside the formal Murraylands boundary</i>. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>WIN TV</li> <li>Power FM – 98.7 FM</li> <li>5MU Radio Murray Bridge – 96.3 FM</li> <li>Flow FM – 97.7FM</li> <li>ABC Classic - 103.9 FM</li> <li>ABC Local Radio - 891 AM</li> <li>ABC News Radio - 972 AM</li> <li>ABC Radio National – 729 AM</li> <li>ABC Triple J - 105.5 FM</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Australia" title="Government of South Australia">Government of South Australia</a> stipulates "River" to be placed first when referring to the two major rivers of the state, the River Murray and River Torrens.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usage outside of South Australia is usually to place "River" last.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A few kilometres outside the boundaries are Coonalpyn in the south and Meningie in the south-west, with populations of 1118 and 313 respectively; they are not included in this article.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Difference between 32,600 population of council districts<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_South_Australia_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_South_Australia-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (adjusted for variations in settlements) and the total town populations.<sup id="cite_ref-townpop_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-townpop-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The term <i><a href="/wiki/Mallee_(habit)" title="Mallee (habit)">mallee</a></i> applies to various species of <a href="/wiki/Tree" title="Tree">trees</a> or <a href="/wiki/Woody_plant" title="Woody plant">woody plants</a>, mainly of the <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i>Eucalyptus</i>, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground <a href="/wiki/Bulbous" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulbous">bulbous</a> woody structure (a lignotuber, or mallee root), usually to a height of no more than 2‑9 metres (6‑30 feet).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is also applied to land where mallee eucalypts grow – generally flat without hills or tall trees and where the climate is <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-arid">semi-arid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Only the lightly populated south-eastern part of the council district is within the Murraylands.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Only the northern half of the council district is within the Murraylands.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Euclid&rft.atitle=Habit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anbg.gov.au%2Fcpbr%2Fcd-keys%2FEuclid%2Fsample%2Fhtml%2Fhabit.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMurraylands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parksaustralia.gov.au/botanic-gardens/pub/plants-of-the-mallee-shrublands.pdf">"Plants of the Mallee Shrublands"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Australian Government - Parks Australia<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Coorong+District+Council&rft.atitle=Trails+and+walks&rft.date=2021-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.coorong.sa.gov.au%2Ftourism%2Ftrails-and-walks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMurraylands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.murraybridgerowingclub.com.au">"Murray Bridge Rowing Club History"</a>. Murray Bridge Rowing Club<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Murray+Bridge+Rowing+Club+History&rft.pub=Murray+Bridge+Rowing+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.murraybridgerowingclub.com.au&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMurraylands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themurrayriver.com/m/itineraries/RMIDSR_Fact_Sheet_PqU1IUY.pdf">"River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve fact sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Murray River, Lakes and Coorong Tourism Alliance. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=River+Murray+International+Dark+Sky+Reserve+fact+sheet&rft.pub=The+Murray+River%2C+Lakes+and+Coorong+Tourism+Alliance&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themurrayriver.com%2Fm%2Fitineraries%2FRMIDSR_Fact_Sheet_PqU1IUY.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMurraylands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Murray River: Riverland, lakes and Coorong visitor guide</i>. South Australia Tourism Commission. 2015. pp. 20–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Murray+River%3A+Riverland%2C+lakes+and+Coorong+visitor+guide&rft.pages=20-21&rft.pub=South+Australia+Tourism+Commission&rft.date=2015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMurraylands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murraylands&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themurrayriver.com">Murray River, Lakes and Coorong Tourism</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rdamr.org.au">Regional development Australia Murraylands and Riverland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rivermurraydarkskyreserve.org/index.php">River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.murraylandsfoodalliance.com.au">Murraylands Food Alliance</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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