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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mountain-based</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountain-based-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Competition-based" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competition-based"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Competition-based</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Competition-based-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_recreational-based" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_recreational-based"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other recreational-based</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_recreational-based-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial-based" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial-based"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Commercial-based</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial-based-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_organizations_and_governing_bodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_organizations_and_governing_bodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>International organizations and governing bodies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_organizations_and_governing_bodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Climbing</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klettern" title="Klettern – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Klettern" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%82" title="تسلق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تسلق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%B1rma%C5%9Fma" title="Dırmaşma – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dırmaşma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phan-teng" title="Phan-teng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Phan-teng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A9%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="རི་འཛེག་ལུས་རྩལ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རི་འཛེག་ལུས་རྩལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planinarstvo" title="Planinarstvo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Planinarstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalada" title="Escalada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escalada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dringo" title="Dringo – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dringo" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klatring" title="Klatring – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Klatring" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klettern" title="Klettern – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Klettern" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalada" title="Escalada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escalada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimpado" title="Grimpado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grimpado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskalada" title="Eskalada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskalada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="صعود ورزشی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صعود ورزشی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalade" title="Escalade – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Escalade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreapad%C3%B3ireacht" title="Dreapadóireacht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dreapadóireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EB%B0%98" title="등반 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="등반" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planinarstvo" title="Planinarstvo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Planinarstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memanjat" title="Memanjat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Memanjat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalada" title="Escalada – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Escalada" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrampicata" title="Arrampicata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arrampicata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskalad" title="Eskalad – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Eskalad" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="クライミング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クライミング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klatring" title="Klatring – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Klatring" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%AEmp%27thie" title="Grîmp'thie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Grîmp'thie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klettern" title="Klettern – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Klettern" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wspinaczka" title="Wspinaczka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wspinaczka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalada" title="Escalada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escalada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalad%C4%83" title="Escaladă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Escaladă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaqa_siqay" title="Qaqa siqay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qaqa siqay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Виды скалолазания – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Виды скалолазания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iscalada" title="Iscalada – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscalada" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plezanje" title="Plezanje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Plezanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%DA%AF%DB%95%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ھەڵگەڕان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵگەڕان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiipeily" title="Kiipeily – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kiipeily" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%A4ttring" title="Klättring – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Klättring" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1rmanma_(da%C4%9Fc%C4%B1l%C4%B1k)" title="Tırmanma (dağcılık) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tırmanma (dağcılık)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban" title="Ban – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ban" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzdat" title="Benzdat – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Benzdat" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%80%E7%88%AC" title="攀爬 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="攀爬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%80%E7%99%BB" title="攀登 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="攀登" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22857#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Activity to ascend a steep object</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about human climbing. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Climbing_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Climbing (disambiguation)">Climbing (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heinz_Zak,_Separate_Reality_5,11d,_Free_Solo,_Yosemite-Nationalpark,_Kalifornien,_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg/300px-Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg/450px-Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg/600px-Heinz_Zak%2C_Separate_Reality_5%2C11d%2C_Free_Solo%2C_Yosemite-Nationalpark%2C_Kalifornien%2C_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="996" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Free_solo" class="mw-redirect" title="Free solo">Free soloing</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Separate_Reality_(climb)" title="Separate Reality (climb)">Separate Reality</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">5.11d</a>), <a href="/wiki/Yosemite" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosemite">Yosemite</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:18.0em;padding:0;font-size:95%;line-height:1.3em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Climbing" title="Category:Climbing">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Lists</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers" title="List of climbers and mountaineers">Climbers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piolet_d%27Or" class="mw-redirect" title="Piolet d'Or">Piolet d'Or winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranking_of_career_IFSC_victories_by_climber" title="Ranking of career IFSC victories by climber">IFSC victories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">Equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbing_knots" title="List of climbing knots">Knots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rock_climbing" title="History of rock climbing">Historical events</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing" title="List of grade milestones in rock climbing">Grade milestones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">Eight-thousanders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms" title="Glossary of climbing terms">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Types of <a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">rock climbing</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">Aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">Big wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-pitch_climbing" title="Multi-pitch climbing">Multi-pitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">Bouldering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering#Highball_bouldering" title="Bouldering">Highball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speed_climbing" title="Speed climbing">Speed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_climbing" title="Free climbing">Free</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_climbing" title="Solo climbing">Solo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_solo_climbing" title="Free solo climbing">Free solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep-water_soloing" title="Deep-water soloing">Deep-water solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_solo_climbing" title="Rope solo climbing">Rope solo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_rope_climbing" title="Top rope climbing">Top roping</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Types of <a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">mountaineering</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_ferrata" title="Via ferrata">Via ferrata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">Himalayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine style">Alpine style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Expedition style">Expedition style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dry-tooling" title="Dry-tooling">Dry-tooling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrambling" title="Scrambling">Scrambling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillwalking" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillwalking">Hillwalking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Other types</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buildering" title="Buildering">Buildering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyoning" title="Canyoning">Canyoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_climbing" title="Crane climbing">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_climbing" title="Grass climbing">Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_access" title="Rope access">Commercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkour" title="Parkour">Parkour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_climbing" title="Pole climbing">Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_hopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock hopping">Rock hopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooftopping" title="Rooftopping">Rooftopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roof_and_tunnel_hacking" title="Roof and tunnel hacking">Roof hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_climbing" title="Rope climbing">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_Climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Slide Climbing">Slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_climbing" title="Tree climbing">Tree</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Key actions</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abseiling" title="Abseiling">Abseiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belaying" title="Belaying">Belaying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_climbing" title="Lead climbing">Leading</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redpoint_(climbing)" title="Redpoint (climbing)">Redpointing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumaring" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumaring">Jumaring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_rescue_(climbing)" title="Self rescue (climbing)">Self rescuing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simul_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Simul climbing">Simul climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_(climbing)" title="Traverse (climbing)">Traversing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_technique" title="Climbing technique">Techniques</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding-bottom:0.2em;"> Key terms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_(climbing)" title="Anchor (climbing)">Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_ascent" title="First ascent">First ascent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_free_ascent" class="mw-redirect" title="First free ascent">FFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_female_free_ascent" class="mw-redirect" title="First female free ascent">FFFA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">Grade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">Route</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta_(climbing)" title="Beta (climbing)">Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_guidebook" title="Climbing guidebook">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(climbing)" title="Pitch (climbing)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crack_climbing" title="Crack climbing">Crack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_climbing" title="Face climbing">Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhang_(climbing)" title="Overhang (climbing)">Overhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_climbing" title="Slab climbing">Slab</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Climbing_sidebar" title="Template:Climbing sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Climbing_sidebar" title="Template talk:Climbing sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Climbing</b> is the activity of using one's hands, feet, or other parts of the body to ascend a steep topographical object that can range from the world's tallest mountains (e.g. the <a href="/wiki/Eight_thousander" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight thousander">eight thousanders</a>) to small <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">boulders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Climbing is done for locomotion, sporting recreation, for competition, and is also done in trades that rely on ascension, such as construction and military operations. Climbing is done indoors and outdoors, on natural surfaces (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">rock climbing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">ice climbing</a>), and on artificial surfaces (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">climbing walls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Climbing_gym" title="Climbing gym">climbing gyms</a>) </p><p>The sport of climbing evolved by <a href="/wiki/List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers" title="List of climbers and mountaineers">climbers</a> making <a href="/wiki/First_ascent" title="First ascent">first ascents</a> of new types of <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">climbing routes</a>, using new <a href="/wiki/Climbing_technique" title="Climbing technique">climbing techniques</a>, at ever-increasing <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">grades of difficulty</a>, with ever-improving pieces of <a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">climbing equipment</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mountain_guide" title="Mountain guide">Guides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Climbing_guidebook" title="Climbing guidebook">guidebooks</a> were an important element in <a href="/wiki/History_of_rock_climbing" title="History of rock climbing">developing the popularity</a> of the sport in the natural environment. Early pioneers included <a href="/wiki/Walter_Bonatti" title="Walter Bonatti">Walter Bonatti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Cassin" title="Riccardo Cassin">Riccardo Cassin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Buhl" title="Hermann Buhl">Hermann Buhl</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gaston_R%C3%A9buffat" title="Gaston Rébuffat">Gaston Rébuffat</a>, who were followed by and <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Messner" title="Reinhold Messner">Reinhold Messner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doug_Scott" title="Doug Scott">Doug Scott</a>, and later by <a href="/wiki/Mick_Fowler" title="Mick Fowler">Mick Fowler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marko_Prezelj" title="Marko Prezelj">Marko Prezelj</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ueli_Steck" title="Ueli Steck">Ueli Steck</a>. Since the 1980s, the development of the safer format of <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolted</a> <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">sport climbing</a>, the wider availability of artificial climbing walls and climbing gyms, and the development of <a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">competition climbing</a>, increased the popularity of rock climbing as a sport, and led to the emergence of professional rock climbers, such as <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_G%C3%BCllich" title="Wolfgang Güllich">Wolfgang Güllich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Huber" title="Alexander Huber">Alexander Huber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Sharma" title="Chris Sharma">Chris Sharma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Ondra" title="Adam Ondra">Adam Ondra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Hill" title="Lynn Hill">Lynn Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Destivelle" title="Catherine Destivelle">Catherine Destivelle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Janja_Garnbret" title="Janja Garnbret">Janja Garnbret</a>. </p><p>Climbing became an <a href="/wiki/Olympic_sports" title="Olympic sports">Olympic sport</a> for the first time in the 2021 Olympic Games in Tokyo (see <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Sport climbing at the 2020 Summer Olympics">Sport climbing at the 2020 Summer Olympics</a>) in that format that included <a href="/wiki/Competition_lead_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition lead climbing">competition lead climbing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Competition_bouldering" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition bouldering">competition bouldering</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Competition_speed_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition speed climbing">competition speed climbing</a> disciplines; <a href="/wiki/Competition_ice_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition ice climbing">competition ice climbing</a> is not yet an Olympic sport.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rock-based">Rock-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Rock-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Rock climbing</a> can trace its <a href="/wiki/History_of_rock_climbing" title="History of rock climbing">origins to the late 19th-century</a>, and has since developed into several main sub-disciplines. Single-pitch and multi-pitch (and big wall) climbing, can be performed in varying styles (including aid, sport, traditional, free solo, and top-roping), while the standalone discipline of <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">bouldering</a> (or boulder climbing) is by definition performed in a free solo format.<sup id="cite_ref-FOH_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOH-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HTRC13_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTRC13-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(climbing)" title="Pitch (climbing)">Single pitch climbing</a> means ascending climbs that are a single rope-length (up to 50-metres) while <a href="/wiki/Multi-pitch_climbing" title="Multi-pitch climbing">multi-pitch climbing</a> (and <a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">big wall climbing</a>) means ascending <a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">routes</a> that are many rope-lengths (even up to 1,000-metres). These two rock climbing sub-disciplines can be conducted in one of several ways:<sup id="cite_ref-FOH_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOH-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HTRC13_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTRC13-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">Aid climbing</a> is a form of rock climbing that uses artificial aids such as <a href="/wiki/Aider" class="mw-redirect" title="Aider">aiders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piton" title="Piton">pitons</a>, and other mechanical devices to assist in ascending a route. Much of rock climbing began as aid climbing, and even by the 1970s, many big wall routes required aid (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nose_(El_Capitan)" title="The Nose (El Capitan)">The Nose</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Salath%C3%A9_Wall" title="Salathé Wall">Salathé Wall</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-MFOH15_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MFOH15-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">Sport climbing</a> is a form of rock climbing that uses no artificial aids (which is known as <a href="/wiki/Free_climbing" title="Free climbing">free climbing</a>), but does rely on permanent fixed <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolts</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Piton" title="Piton">pitons</a>), for use as <a href="/wiki/Protection_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Protection (climbing)">protection</a> while climbing (but not as aid); was started in the 1980s in France and now makes up the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing" title="List of grade milestones in rock climbing">hardest</a> climbs (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Silence_(climb)" title="Silence (climb)">Silence</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-SC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HTRC11_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTRC11-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional climbing</a> is a form of rock climbing that uses no artificial aids (and is thus free climbing) but unlike sport climbing, the climbers place removable protection such as <a href="/wiki/Spring-loaded_camming_device" title="Spring-loaded camming device">SCLDs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nut_(climbing)" title="Nut (climbing)">nuts</a> while ascending that are removed by the second climber; has many famous routes (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Face" title="Indian Face">Indian Face</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cobra_Crack" title="Cobra Crack">Cobra Crack</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-HTRC12_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTRC12-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_solo" class="mw-redirect" title="Free solo">Free soloing</a> is a form of rock climbing that uses no artificial aids (and is thus also free climbing) and where the climber uses no protection (neither sport nor traditional); thus any fall while free soloing could be fatal; <a href="/wiki/Deep-water_soloing" title="Deep-water soloing">deep-water soloing</a> is a form of free soloing where a fall will result in landing into safe water. The 2017 free solo of <i><a href="/wiki/Freerider_(climb)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freerider (climb)">Freerider</a></i> became the Oscar-winning film, <i><a href="/wiki/Free_Solo" title="Free Solo">Free Solo</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CFS_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFS-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Top_rope_climbing" title="Top rope climbing">Top rope climbing</a> is a form of rock climbing that uses no artificial aids but as the sole form of protection, uses a pre-fixed rope secured to the top of the route (i.e. is used on single-pitches), and thus should the climber fall, they simply hang off the rope with no risk of any injury; it is not regarded as free climbing but is a popular and safe way to introduce people to free climbing (and common on <a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">climbing walls</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-HTRC10_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTRC10-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">Bouldering</a>: means ascending boulders or small outcrops with no artificial aids (free climbing) and due to the lower height, with no protection (making bouldering a form of free soloing); very tall boulders where a fall could be serious (i.e. up to 10-metres) are known as <a href="/wiki/Bouldering#Highball_bouldering" title="Bouldering">highball bouldering</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing#Solved_by_men" title="List of grade milestones in rock climbing">milestones</a> in bouldering (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Lightning_(climb)" title="Midnight Lightning (climb)">Midnight Lightning</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dreamtime_(climb)" title="Dreamtime (climb)">Dreamtime</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Burden_of_Dreams_(climb)" title="Burden of Dreams (climb)">Burden of Dreams</a></i>) were created by practitioners of bouldering and free climbing.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mountain-based">Mountain-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mountain-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine climbing</a>: Ascending large routes that require rock, ice, and mixed climbing skills but with minimal equipment and no outside support.<sup id="cite_ref-CL2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CL2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice climbing</a>: Ascending frozen water ice or hard alpine snow using equipment such as <a href="/wiki/Ice_axe" title="Ice axe">ice axes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crampon" class="mw-redirect" title="Crampon">crampons</a>; usually in mountain settings.<sup id="cite_ref-WG_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed climbing</a>: Ascending routes using ice climbing equipment where there is both rock and ice (called <a href="/wiki/Dry-tooling" title="Dry-tooling">dry-tooling</a> if there is no ice).<sup id="cite_ref-WG_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WG-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a>: Ascending mountains, which can involve some rock or ice climbing, but unlike <a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">alpine climbing</a> can involve <a href="/wiki/Expedition_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Expedition style">support</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fixed_rope" title="Fixed rope">fixed ropes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_ferrata" title="Via ferrata">Via ferrata</a>: Ascending mountain routes using previously installed fixed steel cables, metal rungs, and ladders for protection and aid.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrambling" title="Scrambling">Scrambling</a>: Climbing rocky faces and ridges, which can include basic rock climbing, but is considered part of <a href="/wiki/Hillwalking" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillwalking">hillwalking</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_climbing" title="Solo climbing">Solo climbing</a>: Ascending routes alone; can involve ropes (<a href="/wiki/Roped_solo_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Roped solo climbing">roped solo climbing</a>) and artificial aid; where no protection or aid is used, it is free soloing.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competition-based">Competition-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Competition-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition climbing</a> (sometimes confusingly called "sport climbing"), is a regulated sport of 'competitive rock climbing' that originated in the 1980s, and which is done as <a href="/wiki/Indoor_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor climbing">indoor climbing</a> on artificial <a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">climbing walls</a>. The <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Sport_Climbing" title="International Federation of Sport Climbing">IFSC</a> is the governing body for competition rock-climbing worldwide and is recognized by the <a href="/wiki/IOC" class="mw-redirect" title="IOC">IOC</a> and <a href="/wiki/GAISF" class="mw-redirect" title="GAISF">GAISF</a> and is a member of the International World Games Association (<a href="/wiki/IWGA" class="mw-redirect" title="IWGA">IWGA</a>). Competition climbing has three parts:<sup id="cite_ref-GR1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IC_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IC-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BMC1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMC1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Competition_lead_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition lead climbing">Competition lead climbing</a> is a form of competitive <a href="/wiki/Lead_climbing" title="Lead climbing">lead climbing</a> performed on an artificial bolted <a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">sport climbing</a> route.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_bouldering" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition bouldering">Competition bouldering</a> is a form of competitive <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">bouldering</a> performed on a selection of artificial bouldering routes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_speed_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition speed climbing">Competition speed climbing</a> is a form of competitive <a href="/wiki/Speed_climbing" title="Speed climbing">speed climbing</a> performed on a standardized artificial wall with a <a href="/wiki/Top_rope" class="mw-redirect" title="Top rope">top rope</a>.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Competition_ice_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition ice climbing">Competition ice climbing</a> is a regulated sport of 'competitive ice climbing' that originated in the early 2000s, and which is done on outdoor or indoor climbing on artificial ice climbing walls that consist of ice and dry surfaces. The <a href="/wiki/UIAA" class="mw-redirect" title="UIAA">UIAA</a> is the governing body for competition ice climbing worldwide and their events include a lead ice climbing discipline and a speed ice climbing discipline. Competition ice climbing is not as yet an Olympic Sport.<sup id="cite_ref-UIAA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UIAA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OUT1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OUT1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_recreational-based">Other recreational-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other recreational-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buildering" title="Buildering">Buildering</a>: Ascending the exterior skeletons of buildings, typically without protective equipment (e.g. as free solo climbing by <a href="/wiki/Alain_Robert" title="Alain Robert">Alain Robert</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyoneering" class="mw-redirect" title="Canyoneering">Canyoneering</a>: Climbing along <a href="/wiki/Canyons" class="mw-redirect" title="Canyons">canyons</a> for sport or recreation.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_climbing" title="Crane climbing">Crane climbing</a>: An illicit act of climbing up <a href="/wiki/Crane_(machine)" title="Crane (machine)">mechanical cranes</a>, which is a form of buildering.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_climbing" title="Grass climbing">Grass climbing</a>: An older form of climbing when climbing steep but grassy mountainsides, often requiring ropes, was undertaken.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallakhamba" title="Mallakhamba">Mallakhamba</a>: A traditional Indian sport that combines climbing a pole or rope with the performance of aerial <a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">yoga</a> and gymnastics.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkour" title="Parkour">Parkour</a>: A sport based around smooth movement, including climbing, around urban landscapes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_climbing" title="Pole climbing">Pole climbing</a>: Climbing poles and masts without equipment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_climbing" title="Rope climbing">Rope climbing</a>: Climbing a short, thick rope for speed; not to be confused with <i>roped climbing</i>, as used in rock or ice climbing.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stair_climbing" title="Stair climbing">Stair climbing</a>: ascending elevation via stairs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_climbing" title="Tree climbing">Tree climbing</a>: Recreationally ascending trees using ropes and other protective equipment.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial-based">Commercial-based</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Commercial-based"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rope_access" title="Rope access">Rope access</a>: Industrial climbing, usually <a href="/wiki/Abseiling" title="Abseiling">abseiling</a>, as an alternative to <a href="/wiki/Scaffolding" title="Scaffolding">scaffolding</a> for short works on exposed structures.</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Tower_climber" title="Tower climber">tower climber</a> is a professional who climbs broadcasting or <a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunication tower">telecommunication towers</a> or masts for maintenance or repair.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_organizations_and_governing_bodies">International organizations and governing bodies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: International organizations and governing bodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Sport_Climbing" title="International Federation of Sport Climbing">International Federation of Sport Climbing</a> (IFSC) serves as the official governing body for <a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">competition climbing</a> worldwide. It is recognized by the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC) and the <a href="/wiki/Global_Association_of_International_Sports_Federations" title="Global Association of International Sports Federations">Global Association of International Sports Federations</a> (GAISF) and oversees and regulates competitive climbing events in the disciplines of <a href="/wiki/Lead_climbing" title="Lead climbing">lead climbing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">bouldering</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Speed_climbing" title="Speed climbing">speed climbing</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/International_Mountaineering_and_Climbing_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Mountaineering and Climbing Federation">International Mountaineering and Climbing Federation</a> (UIAA) is a long-standing body for mountaineering and <a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">climbing equipment</a>, and which also oversees <a href="/wiki/Competition_ice_climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition ice climbing">competition ice climbing</a>, where it sets standards and guidelines for ice climbing events and promotes the sport's development.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_film">In film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain film</a></div> <p>Climbing has been the subject of both narrative and documentary films. Notable climbing films include <i><a href="/wiki/Touching_the_Void_(film)" title="Touching the Void (film)">Touching the Void</a></i> (2003), <i><a href="/wiki/Everest_(2015_film)" title="Everest (2015 film)">Everest</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/Meru_(film)" title="Meru (film)">Meru</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dawn_Wall" title="The Dawn Wall">The Dawn Wall</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/Free_Solo" title="Free Solo">Free Solo</a></i> (2018), <i><a href="/wiki/14_Peaks:_Nothing_Is_Impossible" title="14 Peaks: Nothing Is Impossible">14 Peaks: Nothing Is Impossible</a></i> (2021), and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Alpinist" title="The Alpinist">The Alpinist</a></i> (2021). The <a href="/wiki/Reel_Rock_Film_Tour" title="Reel Rock Film Tour">Reel Rock Film Tour</a> is a traveling film festival that exclusively screens climbing and adventure films, and includes the <i>Reel Rock</i> climbing film series.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Free solo climbing in the Verdon Gorge"><img alt="Free solo climbing in the Verdon Gorge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg/196px-Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg/295px-Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg/393px-Robi-Bosh-Alain-Robert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Free_solo_climbing" title="Free solo climbing">Free solo climbing</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Verdon_Gorge" title="Verdon Gorge">Verdon Gorge</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bouldering on Midnight Lightning in Yosemite"><img alt="Bouldering on Midnight Lightning in Yosemite" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg/225px-Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg/337px-Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg/450px-Midnight_Lightning_yosemite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">Bouldering</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Lightning_(bouldering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Midnight Lightning (bouldering)">Midnight Lightning</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Yosemite" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosemite">Yosemite</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek,_Utah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Traditional climbing on a crack in Indian Creek"><img alt="Traditional climbing on a crack in Indian Creek" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg/199px-Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg/299px-Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg/399px-Crack_climbing_in_Indian_Creek%2C_Utah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional climbing</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Crack_climbing" title="Crack climbing">crack</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Creek_(climbing_area)" title="Indian Creek (climbing area)">Indian Creek</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 129.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 127.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sport climbing on a bolted route in Spain"><img alt="Sport climbing on a bolted route in Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg/191px-Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg/286px-Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg/381px-Ainhize_Belar_eskalatzen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">Sport climbing</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">bolted</a> route in Spain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Big wall climbing on Zodiac on El Capitan"><img alt="Big wall climbing on Zodiac on El Capitan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg/200px-Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg/300px-Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg/400px-Craig_DeMartino_on_Zodiac_on_El_Capitan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">Big wall climbing</a> on <i>Zodiac</i> on <a href="/wiki/El_Capitan" title="El Capitan">El Capitan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Competition climbing at the 2018 World Finals"><img alt="Competition climbing at the 2018 World Finals" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg/200px-Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg/300px-Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg/400px-Climbing_World_Championships_2018_Lead_Final_Schubert_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3944" data-file-height="5917" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition climbing</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2018_IFSC_Climbing_World_Championships" title="2018 IFSC Climbing World Championships">2018 World Finals</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mountaineering on the summit ridge of the eight-thousander, Manaslu"><img alt="Mountaineering on the summit ridge of the eight-thousander, Manaslu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg/400px-Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg/600px-Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg/800px-Herbert_Hellmuth_Summit_on_mt._Manaslu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a> on the summit ridge of the <a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">eight-thousander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manaslu" title="Manaslu">Manaslu</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Alpine climbing on the north face of the Eiger"><img alt="Alpine climbing on the north face of the Eiger" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG/225px-Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG/337px-Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG/450px-Hinterstoisserquergang.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine climbing</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Great_north_faces_of_the_Alps" title="Great north faces of the Alps">north face</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eiger" title="Eiger">Eiger</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ice climbing on Crack Baby in Switzerland"><img alt="Ice climbing on Crack Baby in Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg/201px-Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg/301px-Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg/401px-Xaver_Bongard_in_der_Breitwangflue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1371" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice climbing</a> on <i>Crack Baby</i> in Switzerland</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piratescove.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixed climbing in Glenwood, Colorado"><img alt="Mixed climbing in Glenwood, Colorado" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Piratescove.jpg/199px-Piratescove.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Piratescove.jpg/299px-Piratescove.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Piratescove.jpg/398px-Piratescove.jpg 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed climbing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Canyon" title="Glenwood Canyon">Glenwood, Colorado</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 165.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 163.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buildering_On_Doran_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Buildering on the Doran Memorial Bridge"><img alt="Buildering on the Doran Memorial Bridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Buildering_On_Doran_Bridge.jpg/245px-Buildering_On_Doran_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Buildering_On_Doran_Bridge.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="301" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Buildering" title="Buildering">Buildering</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Doran_Memorial_Bridge" title="Doran Memorial Bridge">Doran Memorial Bridge</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg/28px-Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg/42px-Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg/56px-Pictograms-nps-land-technical_rock_climbing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="124" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Climbing" title="Portal:Climbing">Climbing portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers" title="List of climbers and mountaineers">List of climbers and mountaineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms" title="Glossary of climbing terms">Glossary of climbing terms</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/climbing">"Climbing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Dictionary">Cambridge Dictionary</a></i>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2024</span>. <q>the sport of climbing on rocks or in mountains, or on specially designed walls inside or outdoors:</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Climbing&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fclimbing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympic.org/news/from-doha-to-tokyo-onward-and-upward-for-sport-climbing">"From Doha to Tokyo: onward and upward for sport climbing - Olympic News"</a>. <i>International Olympic Committee</i>. 2019-10-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Olympic+Committee&rft.atitle=From+Doha+to+Tokyo%3A+onward+and+upward+for+sport+climbing+-+Olympic+News&rft.date=2019-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fnews%2Ffrom-doha-to-tokyo-onward-and-upward-for-sport-climbing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOH-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOH_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOH_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRonald_C._Eng2010" class="citation book cs1">Ronald C. Eng, ed. (October 2010). "Chapter 12: Leading in Rock". <i><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering:_The_Freedom_of_the_Hills" title="Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills">Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills</a></i> (8th ed.). Quiller Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">255–</span>276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594851384" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594851384"><bdi>978-1594851384</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+12%3A+Leading+in+Rock&rft.btitle=Mountaineering%3A+The+Freedom+of+the+Hills&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E255-%3C%2Fspan%3E276&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Quiller+Publishing&rft.date=2010-10&rft.isbn=978-1594851384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HTRC13-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HTRC13_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HTRC13_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongGaines2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Long_(climber)" title="John Long (climber)">Long, John</a>; Gaines, Bob (August 2022). "Chapter 13: Multi-pitch climbing". <i>How to Rock Climb</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Globe_Pequot_Press" title="Globe Pequot Press">Falcon Guides</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">335–</span>369. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493056262" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493056262"><bdi>978-1493056262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+13%3A+Multi-pitch+climbing&rft.btitle=How+to+Rock+Climb&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E335-%3C%2Fspan%3E369&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Falcon+Guides&rft.date=2022-08&rft.isbn=978-1493056262&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Gaines%2C+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MFOH15-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MFOH15_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Mountaineers2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Mountaineers_(club)" title="The Mountaineers (club)">The Mountaineers</a> (2018). "Chapter 15. Aid and Big Wall Climbing". <i><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering:_The_Freedom_of_the_Hills" title="Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills">Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills</a></i> (9th ed.). Quiller Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">276–</span>317. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1846892622" title="Special:BookSources/978-1846892622"><bdi>978-1846892622</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+15.+Aid+and+Big+Wall+Climbing&rft.btitle=Mountaineering%3A+The+Freedom+of+the+Hills&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E276-%3C%2Fspan%3E317&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Quiller+Publishing&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1846892622&rft.au=The+Mountaineers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SC-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SC_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Bisharat2009" class="citation book cs1">Andrew Bisharat (6 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MI8TCgAAQBAJ&q=climbing+deadpoint+dyno&pg=PT73">"Chapter 1: Ethics, Style and Emergence of Sport Climbing"</a>. <i>Sport Climbing: From Toprope to Redpoint, Techniques for Climbing Success</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mountaineers_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountaineers Books">Mountaineers Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594852701" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594852701"><bdi>978-1594852701</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Ethics%2C+Style+and+Emergence+of+Sport+Climbing&rft.btitle=Sport+Climbing%3A+From+Toprope+to+Redpoint%2C+Techniques+for+Climbing+Success&rft.pub=Mountaineers+Books&rft.date=2009-10-06&rft.isbn=978-1594852701&rft.au=Andrew+Bisharat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMI8TCgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dclimbing%2Bdeadpoint%2Bdyno%26pg%3DPT73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HTRC11-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HTRC11_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongGaines2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Long_(climber)" title="John Long (climber)">Long, John</a>; Gaines, Bob (August 2022). "Chapter 11: Sport Climbing". <i>How to Rock Climb</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Globe_Pequot_Press" title="Globe Pequot Press">Falcon Guides</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">291–</span>310. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493056262" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493056262"><bdi>978-1493056262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+11%3A+Sport+Climbing&rft.btitle=How+to+Rock+Climb&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E291-%3C%2Fspan%3E310&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Falcon+Guides&rft.date=2022-08&rft.isbn=978-1493056262&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Gaines%2C+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HTRC12-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HTRC12_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongGaines2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Long_(climber)" title="John Long (climber)">Long, John</a>; Gaines, Bob (August 2022). "Chapter 12: Trad Climbing". <i>How to Rock Climb</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Globe_Pequot_Press" title="Globe Pequot Press">Falcon Guides</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">311–</span>334. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493056262" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493056262"><bdi>978-1493056262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+12%3A+Trad+Climbing&rft.btitle=How+to+Rock+Climb&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E311-%3C%2Fspan%3E334&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Falcon+Guides&rft.date=2022-08&rft.isbn=978-1493056262&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Gaines%2C+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CFS-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CFS_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsius2022" class="citation web cs1">Osius, Alison (4 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.climbing.com/people/free-solo-rock-climbing-alex-honnold-history/">"Free Solo Rock Climbing and the Climbers Who Have Defined the Sport"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Climbing_(magazine)" title="Climbing (magazine)">Climbing</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Climbing&rft.atitle=Free+Solo+Rock+Climbing+and+the+Climbers+Who+Have+Defined+the+Sport&rft.date=2022-06-04&rft.aulast=Osius&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.climbing.com%2Fpeople%2Ffree-solo-rock-climbing-alex-honnold-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HTRC10-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HTRC10_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongGaines2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Long_(climber)" title="John Long (climber)">Long, John</a>; Gaines, Bob (August 2022). "Chapter 9: Top roping". <i>How to Rock Climb</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Globe_Pequot_Press" title="Globe Pequot Press">Falcon Guides</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">235–</span>258. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493056262" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493056262"><bdi>978-1493056262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+9%3A+Top+roping&rft.btitle=How+to+Rock+Climb&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E235-%3C%2Fspan%3E258&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Falcon+Guides&rft.date=2022-08&rft.isbn=978-1493056262&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Gaines%2C+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CL2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CL2_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolsten2016" class="citation web cs1">Holsten, Jens (16 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.climbing.com/people/state-of-the-heart-the-evolution-of-alpinism/">"State of the Heart: The Evolution of Alpinism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Climbing_(magazine)" title="Climbing (magazine)">Climbing</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Climbing&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Heart%3A+The+Evolution+of+Alpinism&rft.date=2016-08-16&rft.aulast=Holsten&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.climbing.com%2Fpeople%2Fstate-of-the-heart-the-evolution-of-alpinism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WG-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WG_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WG_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGadd2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Will_Gadd" title="Will Gadd">Gadd, Will</a> (2021). <i>Ice & Mixed Climbing: Improve Technique, Safety, and Performance</i> (2nd ed.). Mountaineers Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1680511260" title="Special:BookSources/978-1680511260"><bdi>978-1680511260</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ice+%26+Mixed+Climbing%3A+Improve+Technique%2C+Safety%2C+and+Performance&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Mountaineers+Books&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1680511260&rft.aulast=Gadd&rft.aufirst=Will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GR1_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gripped.com/events/a-history-of-climbing-competitions-since-1985/">"A History of Climbing Competitions Since 1985"</a>. <i>Gripped Magazine</i>. 15 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gripped+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+History+of+Climbing+Competitions+Since+1985&rft.date=2019-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgripped.com%2Fevents%2Fa-history-of-climbing-competitions-since-1985%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IC-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IC_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2014" class="citation book cs1">White, John (2014). "Chapter 12: Competition Climbing". <i>The Indoor Climbing Manual</i>. Bloomsbury Sport. pp. <span class="nowrap">166–</span>173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1408186626" title="Special:BookSources/978-1408186626"><bdi>978-1408186626</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+12%3A+Competition+Climbing&rft.btitle=The+Indoor+Climbing+Manual&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E166-%3C%2Fspan%3E173&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Sport&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1408186626&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BMC1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BMC1_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunne2021" class="citation web cs1">Dunne, Toby (17 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebmc.co.uk/a-brief-history-of-competition-climbing">"A brief history of competition climbing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Mountaineering+Council&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+competition+climbing&rft.date=2021-08-17&rft.aulast=Dunne&rft.aufirst=Toby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebmc.co.uk%2Fa-brief-history-of-competition-climbing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UIAA-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UIAA_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iceclimbing.sport/about/">"A Brief History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/International_Climbing_and_Mountaineering_Federation" title="International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation">International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Climbing+and+Mountaineering+Federation&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ficeclimbing.sport%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OUT1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OUT1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuhay2020" class="citation web cs1">Buhay, Corey (10 March 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outsideonline.com/outdoor-adventure/climbing/ice-climbing-competitive/">"The Strange Underworld of Competition Ice Climbing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Outside_(magazine)" title="Outside (magazine)">Outside</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outside&rft.atitle=The+Strange+Underworld+of+Competition+Ice+Climbing&rft.date=2020-03-10&rft.aulast=Buhay&rft.aufirst=Corey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outsideonline.com%2Foutdoor-adventure%2Fclimbing%2Fice-climbing-competitive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBisharat2022" class="citation web cs1">Bisharat, Andrew (6 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outsideonline.com/culture/books-media/best-climbing-mountaineering-films-of-all-time/?scope=anon">"The 20 Best Climbing Films of All Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Outside_(magazine)" title="Outside (magazine)">Outside</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outside&rft.atitle=The+20+Best+Climbing+Films+of+All+Time&rft.date=2022-09-06&rft.aulast=Bisharat&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outsideonline.com%2Fculture%2Fbooks-media%2Fbest-climbing-mountaineering-films-of-all-time%2F%3Fscope%3Danon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3OnLEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22sling%22+%22runner%22+%22cord%22+%22climbing%22&pg=PA16"><i>Climbing Guiding Manual</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Canadian_Mountain_Guides" title="Association of Canadian Mountain Guides">Association of Canadian Mountain Guides</a>. 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Climbing+Guiding+Manual&rft.pub=Association+of+Canadian+Mountain+Guides&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3OnLEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522sling%2522%2B%2522runner%2522%2B%2522cord%2522%2B%2522climbing%2522%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongGaines2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Long_(climber)" title="John Long (climber)">Long, John</a>; Gaines, Bob (August 2022). <i>How to Rock Climb</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Globe_Pequot_Press" title="Globe Pequot Press">Falcon Guides</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1493056262" title="Special:BookSources/978-1493056262"><bdi>978-1493056262</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+to+Rock+Climb&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Falcon+Guides&rft.date=2022-08&rft.isbn=978-1493056262&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Gaines%2C+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Mountaineers2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Mountaineers_(club)" title="The Mountaineers (club)">The Mountaineers</a> (2018). <i><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering:_The_Freedom_of_the_Hills" title="Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills">Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills</a></i> (9th ed.). Quiller Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1846892622" title="Special:BookSources/978-1846892622"><bdi>978-1846892622</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mountaineering%3A+The+Freedom+of+the+Hills&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Quiller+Publishing&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1846892622&rft.au=The+Mountaineers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClimbing" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climbing&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/climbing" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/climbing">climbing</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210327100131/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/rock-climbing">Rock climbing: from ancient practice to Olympic sport</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic" title="National Geographic">National Geographic</a></i> (March 2019)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z2vf39q/revision/1">Rock climbing - history & factfile</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climbing419" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Climbing" title="Template:Climbing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Climbing" title="Template talk:Climbing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Climbing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climbing419" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Rock climbing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing#Types_of_rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Disciplines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_climbing" title="Aid climbing">Aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">Big wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-pitch_climbing" title="Multi-pitch climbing">Multi-pitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering" title="Bouldering">Bouldering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering#Highball_bouldering" title="Bouldering">Highball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speed_climbing" title="Speed climbing">Speed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_climbing" title="Free climbing">Free</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_climbing" title="Sport climbing">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_climbing" title="Solo climbing">Solo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_solo_climbing" title="Free solo climbing">Free solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep-water_soloing" title="Deep-water soloing">Deep-water solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_solo_climbing" title="Rope solo climbing">Rope solo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_rope_climbing" title="Top rope climbing">Top roping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing#Types_of_routes" title="Rock climbing">Route types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_wall" title="Climbing wall">Artificial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crack_climbing" title="Crack climbing">Crack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_climbing" title="Face climbing">Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhang_(climbing)" title="Overhang (climbing)">Overhang / Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_climbing" title="Slab climbing">Slab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_ferrata" title="Via ferrata">Via ferrata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">Himalayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine style">Alpine style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_climbing" title="Expedition climbing">Expedition style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry-tooling" title="Dry-tooling">Dry-tooling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrambling" title="Scrambling">Scrambling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillwalking" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillwalking">Hillwalking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buildering" title="Buildering">Buildering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyoning" title="Canyoning">Canyoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_climbing" title="Crane climbing">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_climbing" title="Grass climbing">Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope_access" title="Rope access">Commercial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkour" title="Parkour">Parkour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_climbing" title="Pole climbing">Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropes_course" title="Ropes course">Ropes course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooftopping" title="Rooftopping">Rooftopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roof_and_tunnel_hacking" title="Roof and tunnel hacking">Roof and tunnel hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_Climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Slide Climbing">Slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_climbing" title="Tree climbing">Tree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alpine_clubs" title="List of alpine clubs">Alpine clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbers_and_mountaineers" title="List of climbers and mountaineers">Climbers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piolet_d%27Or" class="mw-redirect" title="Piolet d'Or">Piolet d'Or winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFSC_Climbing_World_Cup" title="IFSC Climbing World Cup">IFSC World Cup winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFSC_Climbing_World_Championships" title="IFSC Climbing World Championships">IFSC World Championships winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranking_of_career_IFSC_victories_by_climber" title="Ranking of career IFSC victories by climber">IFSC victories</a></li></ul></li> <li>Deaths <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deaths_on_eight-thousanders" title="List of deaths on eight-thousanders">Eight-thousanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_climbing_Mount_Everest" title="List of people who died climbing Mount Everest">Everest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">Equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbing_and_mountaineering_equipment_brands" title="List of climbing and mountaineering equipment brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_climbing_knots" title="List of climbing knots">Knots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rock_climbing" title="History of rock climbing">Historical events</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grade_milestones_in_rock_climbing" title="List of grade milestones in rock climbing">Grade milestones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ascents_of_mountain_summits" title="List of first ascents of mountain summits">First ascents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_technique" title="Climbing technique">Technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_climbing_terms" title="Glossary of climbing terms">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climbing_equipment" title="Climbing equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing_equipment" title="Rock-climbing equipment">Rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aider" class="mw-redirect" title="Aider">Aider</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_chain_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daisy chain (climbing)">Daisy chain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_(climbing)" title="Anchor (climbing)">Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascender_(climbing)" title="Ascender (climbing)">Ascender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petzl_Croll" title="Petzl Croll">Croll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_device" title="Belay device">Belay device</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_belay" title="Auto belay">Auto belay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_glasses" title="Belay glasses">Glasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belay_gloves" class="mw-redirect" title="Belay gloves">Gloves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(climbing)" title="Bolt (climbing)">Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouldering_mat" title="Bouldering mat">Boulder mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carabiner" title="Carabiner">Carabiner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maillon" title="Maillon">Maillon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_rope" title="Climbing rope">Climbing rope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cord (climbing)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_rope" title="Dynamic rope">Dynamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Static_rope" title="Static rope">Static</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_chalk" title="Liquid chalk">Chalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descender_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Descender (climbing)">Descenders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Figure_8_(climbing)" title="Figure 8 (climbing)">Figure-8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_harness" title="Climbing harness">Harness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook (climbing)">Hooks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifi_hook" title="Fifi hook">Fifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyhook_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyhook (climbing)">Skyhook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock climbing hammer">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hex_(climbing)" title="Hex (climbing)">Hex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanyard_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanyard (climbing)">Lanyard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_anchor_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal anchor system">PAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(climbing)" title="Nut (climbing)">Nut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copperhead_(climbing)" title="Copperhead (climbing)">Copperhead</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piton" title="Piton">Piton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portaledge" title="Portaledge">Portaledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickdraw" title="Quickdraw">Quickdraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-locking_device" title="Self-locking device">SLDs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grigri" title="Grigri">Grigri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revo_(climbing)" title="Revo (climbing)">Revo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_(climbing_equipment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sling (climbing equipment)">Sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring-loaded_camming_device" title="Spring-loaded camming device">SLCDs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camalot" title="Camalot">Camalot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_shoe" title="Climbing shoe">Shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricam" title="Tricam">Tricam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing#Equipment" title="Ice climbing">Ice and snow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpenstock" title="Alpenstock">Alpenstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abalakov_thread" title="Abalakov thread">Abalakov thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottled_oxygen_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bottled oxygen (climbing)">Bottled oxygen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crampons" title="Crampons">Crampons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_axe" title="Ice axe">Ice axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ice_tool" title="Ice tool">Ice tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_screw" title="Ice screw">Ice screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering_boot" title="Mountaineering boot">Mountaineering boot</a></li> <li>Rescue <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_cord" title="Avalanche cord">Avalanche cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RECCO" title="RECCO">RECCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_transceiver" title="Avalanche transceiver">Transeiver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_anchor" title="Snow anchor">Snow anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Action</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abseiling" title="Abseiling">Abseiling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_rappel" title="Australian rappel">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BClfersitz" title="Dülfersitz">Dülfersitz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belaying" title="Belaying">Belaying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_pointing" title="Front pointing">Front pointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glissade_(climbing)" title="Glissade (climbing)">Glissading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed_rope" title="Fixed rope">Jumaring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_climbing" title="Lead climbing">Leading</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash (climbing)">Flashing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsight" class="mw-redirect" title="Onsight">Onsighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redpoint_(climbing)" title="Redpoint (climbing)">Redpointing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_rescue" title="Mountain rescue">Rescue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crevasse_rescue" title="Crevasse rescue">Crevasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_rescue_(climbing)" title="Self rescue (climbing)">Self</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-arrest" title="Self-arrest">Self-arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simul-climbing" title="Simul-climbing">Simul-climbing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rope_team" title="Rope team">Rope team</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotting_(climbing)" title="Spotting (climbing)">Spotting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_(climbing)" title="Traverse (climbing)">Traversing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_traverse" title="Tyrolean traverse">Tyrolean</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ape_index" title="Ape index">Ape index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Approach_shoe" title="Approach shoe">Approach shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_climbing" title="Clean climbing">Clean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_route" title="Climbing route">Climbing route</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beta_(climbing)" title="Beta (climbing)">Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climbing_guidebook" title="Climbing guidebook">Guidebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_(climbing)" title="Chipping (climbing)">Chipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_ascent" title="First ascent">First ascent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(climbing)" title="Pitch (climbing)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topo_(climbing)" title="Topo (climbing)">Topo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_(heights)" title="Exposure (heights)">Exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_factor" title="Fall factor">Fall factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)" title="Grade (climbing)">Grades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_guide" title="Mountain guide">Guides</a></li> <li>Training <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bachar_ladder" title="Bachar ladder">Bachar ladder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_board" title="Campus board">Campus board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hangboard">Hangboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonBoard" class="mw-redirect" title="MoonBoard">MoonBoard</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines and journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Journal" title="Alpine Journal">Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alpinist_(magazine)" title="Alpinist (magazine)">Alpinist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Journal" title="American Alpine Journal">American Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alpine_Journal" title="Canadian Alpine Journal">Canadian Alpine Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Climbing_(magazine)" title="Climbing (magazine)">Climbing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desnivel" title="Desnivel">Desnivel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_Journal" title="Himalayan Journal">Himalayan Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planinski_Vestnik" title="Planinski Vestnik">Planinski Vestnik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rock_%26_Ice" title="Rock & Ice">Rock & Ice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summit_(magazine)" title="Summit (magazine)">Summit</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alpinist" title="The Alpinist">The Alpinist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Capitan_(film)" title="El Capitan (film)">El Capitan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dawn_Wall" title="The Dawn Wall">The Dawn Wall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Free_Solo" title="Free Solo">Free Solo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hard_Grit" title="Hard Grit">Hard Grit</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Diamond_Equipment" title="Black Diamond Equipment">Black Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAMP_(company)" title="CAMP (company)">CAMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_Designs" title="Cascade Designs">Cascade Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuter_Sport" title="Deuter Sport">Deuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Winters" title="Early Winters">Early Winters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mountain_Sports" title="Eastern Mountain Sports">Eastern Mountain Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Ten_Footwear" title="Five Ten Footwear">Five Ten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frostline_Kits" title="Frostline Kits">Frostline Kits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_(company)" title="Gerry (company)">GERRY Mountain Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grivel_(company)" title="Grivel (company)">Grivel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holubar_Mountaineering" title="Holubar Mountaineering">Holubar Mountaineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JanSport" title="JanSport">JanSport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellwood_Company" title="Kellwood Company">Sierra Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelty_(company)" title="Kelty (company)">Kelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Sportiva" title="La Sportiva">La Sportiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowe_Alpine" title="Lowe Alpine">Lowe Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammut_Sports_Group" title="Mammut Sports Group">Mammut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmot_(company)" title="Marmot (company)">Marmot Mountain Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millet_(manufacturer)" title="Millet (manufacturer)">Millet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Equipment_Co-op" title="Mountain Equipment Co-op">Mountain Equipment Co-op</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Safety_Research" title="Mountain Safety Research">Mountain Safety Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_Research" title="Outdoor Research">Outdoor Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc." title="Patagonia, Inc.">Patagonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petzl" title="Petzl">Petzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(company)" title="Rab (company)">Rab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_Equipment,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Recreational Equipment, Inc.">REI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_North_Face" title="The North Face">The North Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therm-a-Rest" title="Therm-a-Rest">Therm-a-Rest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Country_(company)" title="Wild Country (company)">Wild Country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climbing_clubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Climbing clubs">National</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Access_Fund" title="The Access Fund">Access Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_(UK)" title="Alpine Club (UK)">Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Club_of_Canada" title="Alpine Club of Canada">Alpine Club of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Alpine_Club" title="American Alpine Club">American Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountain_Club" title="Appalachian Mountain Club">Appalachian Mountain Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Alpine_Club" title="Austrian Alpine Club">Austrian Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Mountaineering_Council" title="British Mountaineering Council">British Mountaineering Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Alpin_Fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Alpin Français">Club Alpin Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Alpino_Italiano" title="Club Alpino Italiano">Club Alpino Italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federaci%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Deportes_de_Monta%C3%B1a_y_Escalada" class="mw-redirect" title="Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada">Federación Española de Deportes de Montaña y Escalada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_fran%C3%A7aise_de_la_montagne_et_de_l%27escalade" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade">Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Alpine_Club" title="German Alpine Club">German Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Climbing_Federation" title="South African National Climbing Federation">South African Climbing Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tyrol_Alpine_Club" title="South Tyrol Alpine Club">South Tyrol Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Alpine_Club" title="Swiss Alpine Club">Swiss Alpine Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Climbing" title="USA Climbing">USA Climbing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Sport_Climbing" title="International Federation of Sport Climbing">International Federation of Sport Climbing</a> (IFSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Climbing_and_Mountaineering_Federation" title="International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation">International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation</a> (UIAA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIAGM" class="mw-redirect" title="UIAGM">Union Internationale des Associations de Guides de Montagnes</a> (UIAGM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_International_Mountain_Leader_Associations" title="Union of International Mountain Leader Associations">Union of International Mountain Leader Associations</a> (UIMLA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Climbing" title="Category:Climbing">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Climbing" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Climbing">Commons</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Climbing" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Climbing">WikiProject</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Exercise142" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Physical_exercise" title="Template:Physical exercise"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Physical_exercise" title="Template talk:Physical exercise"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Physical_exercise" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Physical exercise"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Exercise142" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Exercise" title="Exercise">Exercise</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Aerobic_exercise" title="Aerobic exercise">Aerobic exercise</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerobics" title="Aerobics">Aerobics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling" title="Cycling">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-distance_running" title="Long-distance running">Distance running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endurance_training" title="Endurance training">Endurance training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">Hiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogging" title="Jogging">Jogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming" title="Swimming">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_exercise" title="Anaerobic exercise">Anaerobic exercise</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-intensity_interval_training" title="High-intensity interval training">High-intensity interval training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprint_(running)" title="Sprint (running)">Sprinting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strength_training" title="Strength training">Strength training</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodybuilding" title="Bodybuilding">Bodybuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodyweight_exercise" title="Bodyweight exercise">Bodyweight exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flywheel_training" title="Flywheel training">Flywheel training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_training" title="Suspension training">Suspension training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weight_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Weight training">Weight training</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align:center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletic_training" title="Athletic training">Athletic training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calisthenics" title="Calisthenics">Calisthenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_training" title="Circuit training">Circuit training</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-training" title="Cross-training">Cross-training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interval_training" title="Interval training">Interval training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_hypertrophy" title="Muscle hypertrophy">Muscle hypertrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_fitness" title="Outdoor fitness">Outdoor fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">Physical therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretching" title="Stretching">Stretching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_physical_training_and_fitness" title="History of physical training and fitness">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigenetics_of_physical_exercise" title="Epigenetics of physical exercise">Epigenetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_and_music" title="Exercise and music">Exercise and music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_equipment" title="Exercise equipment">Exercise equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_physiology" title="Exercise physiology">Exercise physiology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise" title="Neurobiological effects of physical exercise">Neurobiological effects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_mimetic" title="Exercise mimetic">Exercise mimetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_trends" title="Exercise trends">Exercise trends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitness_app" title="Fitness app">Fitness app</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitness_culture" title="Fitness culture">Fitness culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_exercise" title="Outline of exercise">Outline of exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_culture" title="Physical culture">Physical culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">Physical fitness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Physical_exercise" title="Category:Physical exercise">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adventure_travel35" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adventure_travel" title="Template:Adventure travel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adventure_travel" title="Template talk:Adventure travel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adventure_travel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adventure travel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Adventure_travel35" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adventure_travel" title="Adventure travel">Adventure travel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessible_tourism" title="Accessible tourism">Accessible tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_adjectival_tourisms" title="List of adjectival tourisms">Adjectival tourisms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_recreation" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventure recreation">Adventure recreation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agritourism" title="Agritourism">Agritourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backpacking_(travel)" title="Backpacking (travel)">Backpacking (travel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backpacking_(hiking)" title="Backpacking (hiking)">Backpacking (hiking)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_touring" title="Bicycle touring">Bicycle touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camping" title="Camping">Camping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_tourism" title="Cultural tourism">Cultural tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">Ecotourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_tourism" title="Extreme tourism">Extreme tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freighthopping" title="Freighthopping">Freighthopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glamping" title="Glamping">Glamping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">Hiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitchhiking" title="Hitchhiking">Hitchhiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_tourism" title="Jungle tourism">Jungle tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kloofing" class="mw-redirect" title="Kloofing">Kloofing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overlanding" title="Overlanding">Overlanding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic" title="Picnic">Picnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogaining" title="Rogaining">Rogaining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari" title="Safari">Safari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slum_tourism" title="Slum tourism">Slum tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramping_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Tramping in New Zealand">Tramping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel" title="Travel">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultralight_backpacking" title="Ultralight backpacking">Ultralight backpacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_exploration" title="Urban exploration">Urban exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volunteer_travel" class="mw-redirect" title="Volunteer travel">Volunteer travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_tourism" title="Wildlife tourism">Wildlife tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geocaching" title="Geocaching">Geocaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geohashing" title="Geohashing">Geohashing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_gliding" title="Hang gliding">Hang gliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturism" title="Naturism">Naturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nude_recreation" title="Nude recreation">Nude recreation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragliding" title="Paragliding">Paragliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafting" title="Rafting">Rafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_trekking" title="River trekking">River trekking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">Scuba diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zip_line" title="Zip line">Zip-lining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extreme_and_adventure_sports176" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Extreme_sports" title="Template:Extreme sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Extreme_sports" title="Template talk:Extreme sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Extreme_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Extreme sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extreme_and_adventure_sports176" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Extreme_sport" title="Extreme sport">Extreme and adventure sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boardsport" title="Boardsport">Boardsports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellyboarding" title="Bellyboarding">Bellyboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodyboarding" title="Bodyboarding">Bodyboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirtsurfing" title="Dirtsurfing">Dirtsurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_landboarding" title="Kite landboarding">Kite landboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboarding" title="Kiteboarding">Kiteboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longboarding" title="Longboarding">Longboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountainboarding" title="Mountainboarding">Mountainboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverboarding" title="Riverboarding">Riverboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandboarding" title="Sandboarding">Sandboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboarding" title="Skateboarding">Skateboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skimboarding" title="Skimboarding">Skimboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skysurfing" title="Skysurfing">Skysurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowboarding" title="Snowboarding">Snowboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowskate" title="Snowskate">Snowskating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_luge" title="Street luge">Street luging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Surfing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_surfing" title="River surfing">River surfing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakeboarding" title="Wakeboarding">Wakeboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">Windsurfing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motorsport" title="Motorsport">Motorsports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drifting_(motorsport)" title="Drifting (motorsport)">Drifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motocross" title="Motocross">Motocross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rallycross" title="Rallycross">Rallycross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rallying" title="Rallying">Rallying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rally_raid" title="Rally raid">Rally raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snocross" title="Snocross">Snocross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Water sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coasteering" title="Coasteering">Coasteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freediving" title="Freediving">Freediving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_diving" title="High diving">High diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_watercraft" title="Personal watercraft">Jet Skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">Scuba diving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_diving" title="Cave diving">Cave diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_diving" title="Technical diving">Technical diving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snorkeling" title="Snorkeling">Snorkeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">Water skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_canoeing" title="Whitewater canoeing">Whitewater canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_kayaking" title="Whitewater kayaking">Whitewater kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafting" title="Rafting">Whitewater rafting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canyoning" title="Canyoning">Canyoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_climbing" title="Crane climbing">Crane climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_climbing" title="Ice climbing">Ice climbing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_climbing" title="Mixed climbing">Mixed climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountaineering" title="Mountaineering">Mountaineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climbing" title="Alpine climbing">Alpine climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing" title="Rock climbing">Rock climbing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_wall_climbing" title="Big wall climbing">Big wall climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_solo_climbing" title="Free solo climbing">Free solo climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_climbing" title="Traditional climbing">Traditional climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyrunning" title="Skyrunning">Skyrunning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Falling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASE_jumping" title="BASE jumping">BASE jumping</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FreeBASE_(climbing)" class="mw-redirect" title="FreeBASE (climbing)">Free BASE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski-BASE_jumping" title="Ski-BASE jumping">Ski-BASE jumping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungee_jumping" title="Bungee jumping">Bungee jumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_diving#Cliff_diving" title="High diving">Cliff-diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_jumping" title="Cliff jumping">Cliff jumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tombstoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Tombstoning">Tombstoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parachuting" title="Parachuting">Parachuting/Skydiving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flying</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerobatics" title="Aerobatics">Aerobatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_racing" title="Air racing">Air racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliding" title="Gliding">Gliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hang_gliding" title="Hang gliding">Hang gliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragliding" title="Paragliding">Paragliding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powered_paragliding" title="Powered paragliding">Powered paragliding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasailing" title="Parasailing">Parasailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_flying" class="mw-redirect" title="Speed flying">Speed flying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingsuit_flying" title="Wingsuit flying">Wingsuit flying</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cycling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMX" title="BMX">BMX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMX_racing" title="BMX racing">BMX racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_BMX" title="Freestyle BMX">Freestyle BMX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_mountain_biking" title="Downhill mountain biking">Downhill</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rolling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_scootering" title="Freestyle scootering">Freestyle scootering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skating" title="Inline skating">Inline skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggressive_inline_skating" title="Aggressive inline skating">Aggressive inline skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vert_skating" title="Vert skating">Vert skating</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skiing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_skiing" title="Extreme skiing">Extreme skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeriding_(winter_sport)" title="Freeriding (winter sport)">Freeriding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_skiing" title="Freestyle skiing">Freestyle skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_skiing" title="Speed skiing">Speed skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_mountaineering" title="Ski mountaineering">Ski mountaineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sledding" title="Sledding">Sledding</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobsleigh" title="Bobsleigh">Bobsleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_sledding" title="Extreme sledding">Extreme sledding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luge" title="Luge">Luge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeleton_(sport)" title="Skeleton (sport)">Skeleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_racing" title="Adventure racing">Adventure racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caving" title="Caving">Caving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper%27s_Hill_Cheese-Rolling_and_Wake" title="Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake">Cheese rolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_ironing" title="Extreme ironing">Extreme ironing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Pogo" title="Extreme Pogo">Extreme Pogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fell_running" title="Fell running">Fell running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstacle_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstacle racing">Obstacle racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering" title="Orienteering">Orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumping_stilts" title="Jumping stilts">Powerbocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacklining" title="Slacklining">Slacklining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultramarathon" title="Ultramarathon">Ultramarathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zip_line" title="Zip line">Zip-lining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orienteering567" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orienteering" title="Template:Orienteering"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orienteering" title="Template talk:Orienteering"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orienteering" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orienteering"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orienteering567" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Orienteering" title="Orienteering">Orienteering</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_orienteering" title="History of orienteering">History of orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteering_events" title="List of orienteering events">List of orienteering events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Orienteering_Federation" title="International Orienteering Federation">IOF</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foot_orienteering" title="Foot orienteering">Foot orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike_orienteering" title="Mountain bike orienteering">Mountain bike orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_orienteering" title="Ski orienteering">Ski orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_orienteering" title="Trail orienteering">Trail orienteering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Amateur_Radio_Union" title="International Amateur Radio Union">IARU</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio_direction_finding" title="Amateur radio direction finding">Amateur radio direction finding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Oring" title="Fox Oring">Fox Oring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Orienteering_in_a_Compact_Area" title="Radio Orienteering in a Compact Area">Radio Orienteering in a Compact Area</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_orienteering" title="Canoe orienteering">Canoe orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_orienteering" title="Car orienteering">Car orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_marathon" title="Mountain marathon">Mountain marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mounted_orienteering" title="Mounted orienteering">Mounted orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogaining" title="Rogaining">Rogaining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_racing" title="Adventure racing">Adventure racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleycat_race" title="Alleycat race">Alleycat race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fell_running" title="Fell running">Fell running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relay_race" title="Relay race">Relay race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmitter_hunting" title="Transmitter hunting">Transmitter hunting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_point_(orienteering)" title="Control point (orienteering)">Control point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Course_(orienteering)" title="Course (orienteering)">Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering_map" title="Orienteering map">Map</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">Compass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hand_compass" title="Hand compass">hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protractor_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Protractor compass">protractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thumb_compass" title="Thumb compass">thumb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_protection" title="Eye protection">Eye protectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaiters" title="Gaiters">Gaiters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headlamp_(outdoor)" title="Headlamp (outdoor)">Headlamp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exceptions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backpacking_(wilderness)#Equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="Backpacking (wilderness)">Backpacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation" title="Satellite navigation">Satellite navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistle" title="Whistle">Whistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orienteering.sport/iof/it/list-of-software-for-orienteering/">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proprietary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCAD_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCAD (software) (page does not exist)">OCAD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Condes_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Condes (software) (page does not exist)">Condes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SportSoftware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SportSoftware (page does not exist)">SportSoftware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open-source</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenOrienteering_Mapper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenOrienteering Mapper (page does not exist)">OpenOrienteering Mapper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purple_Pen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purple Pen (page does not exist)">Purple Pen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MeOS_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MeOS (software) (page does not exist)">MeOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orienteering.sport/iof/it/list-of-software-for-orienteering/">Video games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catching_Features" title="Catching Features">Catching Features</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suunnistussimulaattori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suunnistussimulaattori (page does not exist)">Suunnistussimulaattori</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WinOL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WinOL (page does not exist)">WinOL / WinOL II Oriantica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fundamentals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">Map</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering_map" title="Orienteering map">orienteering map</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_direction" title="Cardinal direction">cardinal direction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Position_resection" class="mw-redirect" title="Position resection">resection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Route_choice_(orienteering)" title="Route choice (orienteering)">route choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayfinding" title="Wayfinding">wayfinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waypoint" title="Waypoint">waypoint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing" title="Racing">Racing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">hiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running" title="Running">running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">walking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiing" title="Skiing">skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">mountain biking</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations / lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Orienteering_Federation" title="International Orienteering Federation">International Orienteering Federation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_members_of_the_International_Orienteering_Federation" title="Category:National members of the International Orienteering Federation">members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteering_clubs" title="List of orienteering clubs">List of clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteers" title="List of orienteers">List of orienteers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteers#By_country" title="List of orienteers">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteers#Innovators" title="List of orienteers">innovators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orienteering_events" title="List of orienteering events">List of events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-sport related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_travel" title="Adventure travel">Adventure travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_touring" title="Bicycle touring">Bicycle touring</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">Hiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location-based_game" title="Location-based game">Location-based game</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geocaching" title="Geocaching">geocaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poker_run" title="Poker run">poker run</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering_(scouting)" title="Orienteering (scouting)">Scoutcraft orienteering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backpacking_(wilderness)" class="mw-redirect" title="Backpacking (wilderness)">wilderness</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foot_orienteering" title="Foot orienteering">Foot orienteering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Orienteering_Championships" title="World Orienteering Championships">World Championships</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Junior_World_Orienteering_Championships" title="Junior World Orienteering Championships">Junior</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/World_Masters_Orienteering_Championships" title="World Masters Orienteering Championships">Masters</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/World_University_Orienteering_Championships" title="World University Orienteering Championships">University</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering_World_Cup" title="Orienteering World Cup">World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering_at_the_World_Games" title="Orienteering at the World Games">World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Orienteering_Championships" title="European Orienteering Championships">European Championships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Youth_Orienteering_Championships" title="European Youth Orienteering Championships">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_University_Orienteering_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European University Orienteering Championships (page does not exist)">University</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Orienteering_Championships" title="North American Orienteering Championships">North American Championships</a></li> <li>Open events <ul><li><a href="/wiki/O-Ringen" title="O-Ringen">O-Ringen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukola_relay" title="Jukola relay">Jukola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiomila" title="Tiomila">Tiomila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainuu_Orienteering_Week" title="Kainuu Orienteering Week">Kainuu Orienteering Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kjellstr%C3%B6m_International_Festival_of_Orienteering" title="Jan Kjellström International Festival of Orienteering">Jan Kjellström Festival</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ski_orienteering" title="Ski orienteering">Ski orienteering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Ski_Orienteering_Championships" title="World Ski Orienteering Championships">World Championships</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Junior_World_Ski_Orienteering_Championships" title="Junior World Ski Orienteering Championships">Junior</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cup_in_Ski_Orienteering" title="World Cup in Ski Orienteering">World Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike_orienteering" title="Mountain bike orienteering">Mountain bike orienteering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Mountain_Bike_Orienteering_Championships" title="World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships">World Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trail_orienteering" title="Trail orienteering">Trail orienteering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Trail_Orienteering_Championships" title="World Trail Orienteering Championships">World Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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