CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="gd-GB"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zcsgr82","20150129122823","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1422534503"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="description" content="Chris Packham reveals the incredible story of a journey against all odds following the tsunami in Japan in 2011."/> <meta name="keywords" content="BBC, Guides"/> <title>BBC iWonder - Is life on an ark really possible?</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>  <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof window.define !== 'function' || typeof window.require !== 'function') { document.write('<script class="js-require-lib" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/requirejs/lib.js"><'+'/script>'); } /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> bbcRequireMap = {"jquery-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.3.0/sharedmodules/jquery-1.7.2", "jquery-1.4":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.3.0/sharedmodules/jquery-1.4", "jquery-1.9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.3.0/sharedmodules/jquery-1.9.1", "swfobject-2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/swfobject/0.1.10/sharedmodules/swfobject-2", "demi-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/demi/0.10.0/sharedmodules/demi-1", "gelui-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1", "cssp!gelui-1/overlay":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1/overlay.css", "istats-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/istats/0.25.1/modules/istats-1", "relay-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/relay/0.2.6/sharedmodules/relay-1", "clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1", "canvas-clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/canvas-clock-1", "cssp!clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1.css", "jssignals-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1", "jcarousel-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jcarousel/0.1.10/modules/jcarousel-1", "bump-3":"//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3", "hammer":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/hammer", "kandlcommon/feature-detection":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/feature-detection", "kandlcommon/feature-detection.js.src":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/feature-detection.js.src", "kandlcommon/i18n/mediaPlayer":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/i18n/mediaPlayer", "kandlcommon/i18n/mediaPlayer.js.src":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/i18n/mediaPlayer.js.src", "kandlcommon/mediaPlayer":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/mediaPlayer", "kandlcommon/mediaPlayer.js.src":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlcommon/mediaPlayer.js.src", "kandlguides-vendors/echo":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors/echo", "kandlguides-vendors/jquery-2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors/jquery-2", "kandlguides-vendors/modernizr-2.8.3-dev":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors/modernizr-2.8.3-dev", "kandlguides-vendors/modernizr-2.8.3-dev.js.src":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors/modernizr-2.8.3-dev.js.src", "kandlguides/controller/page":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides/controller/page", "cssp!kandlguides/debug/debugConsole":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides/debug/debugConsole.css", "kandlguides/debug/debugConsole":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides/debug/debugConsole", "kandlguides/debug/iStatsHelper":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides/debug/iStatsHelper", "kandlguides/production/testHarness":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides/production/testHarness", "kandlguides":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides", "kandlguides-vendors":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors"}; require({ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/', paths: bbcRequireMap, waitSeconds: 30 }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies_flag === 'undefined') { bbccookies_flag = 'ON'; } showCTA_flag = true; cta_enabled = (showCTA_flag && (bbccookies_flag === 'ON') ); (function(){var e="ckns_policy",m="Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT",k={ads:true,personalisation:true,performance:true,necessary:true};function f(p){if(f.cache[p]){return f.cache[p]}var o=p.split("/"),q=[""];do{q.unshift((o.join("/")||"/"));o.pop()}while(q[0]!=="/");f.cache[p]=q;return q}f.cache={};function a(p){if(a.cache[p]){return a.cache[p]}var q=p.split("."),o=[];while(q.length&&"|co.uk|com|".indexOf("|"+q.join(".")+"|")===-1){if(q.length){o.push(q.join("."))}q.shift()}f.cache[p]=o;return o}a.cache={};function i(o,t,p){var z=[""].concat(a(window.location.hostname)),w=f(window.location.pathname),y="",r,x;for(var s=0,v=z.length;s<v;s++){r=z[s];for(var q=0,u=w.length;q<u;q++){x=w[q];y=o+"="+t+";"+(r?"domain="+r+";":"")+(x?"path="+x+";":"")+(p?"expires="+p+";":"");bbccookies.set(y,true)}}}window.bbccookies={_setEverywhere:i,cookiesEnabled:function(){var o="ckns_testcookie"+Math.floor(Math.random()*100000);this.set(o+"=1");if(this.get().indexOf(o)>-1){g(o);return true}return false},set:function(o){return document.cookie=o},get:function(){return document.cookie},_setPolicy:function(o){return h.apply(this,arguments)},readPolicy:function(o){return b.apply(this,arguments)},_deletePolicy:function(){i(e,"",m)},isAllowed:function(){return true},_isConfirmed:function(){return c()!==null},_acceptsAll:function(){var o=b();return o&&!(j(o).indexOf("0")>-1)},_getCookieName:function(){return d.apply(this,arguments)},_showPrompt:function(){var o=(!this._isConfirmed()&&window.cta_enabled&&this.cookiesEnabled()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);return(window.orb&&window.orb.fig)?o&&(window.orb.fig("no")||window.orb.fig("ck")):o}};bbccookies._getPolicy=bbccookies.readPolicy;function d(p){var o=(""+p).match(/^([^=]+)(?==)/);return(o&&o.length?o[0]:"")}function j(o){return""+(o.ads?1:0)+(o.personalisation?1:0)+(o.performance?1:0)}function h(r){if(typeof r==="undefined"){r=k}if(typeof arguments[0]==="string"){var o=arguments[0],q=arguments[1];if(o==="necessary"){q=true}r=b();r[o]=q}else{if(typeof arguments[0]==="object"){r.necessary=true}}var p=new Date();p.setYear(p.getFullYear()+1);p=p.toUTCString();bbccookies.set(e+"="+j(r)+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+p+";");bbccookies.set(e+"="+j(r)+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+p+";");return r}function l(o){if(o===null){return null}var p=o.split("");return{ads:!!+p[0],personalisation:!!+p[1],performance:!!+p[2],necessary:true}}function c(){var o=new RegExp("(?:^|; ?)"+e+"=(\\d\\d\\d)($|;)"),p=document.cookie.match(o);if(!p){return null}return p[1]}function b(o){var p=l(c());if(!p){p=k}if(o){return p[o]}else{return p}}function g(o){return document.cookie=o+"=;expires="+m+";"}function n(){var o='<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/bbccookies/0.6.6/script/bbccookies.js"><\/script>';if(window.bbccookies_flag==="ON"&&!bbccookies._acceptsAll()&&!window.bbccookies_disable){document.write(o)}}n()})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){window.fig=window.fig||{};window.fig.manager={include:function(a){a=a||window;var e=a.document,g=e.cookie,b=g.match(/(?:^|; ?)ckns_orb_fig=([^;]+)/);if(!b&&g.indexOf("ckns_orb_nofig=1")>-1){this.setFig(a,{no:1})}else{if(b){b=this.deserialise(decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1));this.setFig(a,b)}e.write('<script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/fig/1/fig.js"><'+"/script>")}},confirm:function(a){a=a||window;if(a.orb&&a.orb.fig&&a.orb.fig("no")){this.setNoFigCookie(a)}if(a.orb===undefined||a.orb.fig===undefined){this.setFig(a,{no:1});this.setNoFigCookie(a)}},setNoFigCookie:function(a){a.document.cookie="ckns_orb_nofig=1; expires="+new Date(new Date().getTime()+1000*60*10).toGMTString()+";"},setFig:function(a,b){(function(){var c=b;a.orb=a.orb||{};a.orb.fig=function(d){return(arguments.length)?c[d]:c}})()},deserialise:function(b){var a={};b.replace(/([a-z]{2}):([0-9]+)/g,function(){a[RegExp.$1]=+RegExp.$2});return a}}})();fig.manager.include();/*]]>*/</script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/style/orb.css">   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/style/share.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/style/compiled/guides.css"/> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(undefined){if(!window.bbc){window.bbc={}}var ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS=30;window.bbc.Mandolin=function(id,segments,opts){var now=new Date().getTime(),storedItem,DEFAULT_START=now,DEFAULT_RATE=1,COOKIE_NAME="ckpf_mandolin";opts=opts||{};this._id=id;this._segmentSet=segments;this._store=new window.window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage(COOKIE_NAME);this._opts=opts;this._rate=(opts.rate!==undefined)?+opts.rate:DEFAULT_RATE;this._startTs=(opts.start!==undefined)?new Date(opts.start).getTime():new Date(DEFAULT_START).getTime();this._endTs=(opts.end!==undefined)?new Date(opts.end).getTime():daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);this._signupEndTs=(opts.signupEnd!==undefined)?new Date(opts.signupEnd).getTime():this._endTs;this._segment=null;if(typeof id!=="string"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: id must be defined and be a string")}if(Object.prototype.toString.call(segments)!=="[object Array]"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Segments are required.")}if(opts.rate!==undefined&&(opts.rate<0||opts.rate>1)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Rate must be between 0 and 1.")}if(this._startTs>this._endTs){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: end date must occur after start date.")}if(!(this._startTs<this._signupEndTs&&this._signupEndTs<=this._endTs)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: SignupEnd must be between start and end date")}removeExpired.call(this,now);var overrides=window.bbccookies.get().match(/ckns_mandolin_setSegments=([^;]+)/);if(overrides!==null){eval("overrides = "+decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1)+";");if(overrides[this._id]&&this._segmentSet.indexOf(overrides[this._id])==-1){throw new Error("Invalid Override: overridden segment should exist in segments array")}}if(overrides!==null&&overrides[this._id]){this._segment=overrides[this._id]}else{if((storedItem=this._store.getItem(this._id))){this._segment=storedItem.segment}else{if(this._startTs<=now&&now<this._signupEndTs&&now<=this._endTs&&this._store.isEnabled()===true){this._segment=pick(segments,this._rate);if(opts.end===undefined){this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment})}else{this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment,end:this._endTs})}log.call(this,"mandolin_segment")}}}log.call(this,"mandolin_view")};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.getSegment=function(){return this._segment};function log(actionType,params){var that=this;require(["istats-1"],function(istats){istats.log(actionType,that._id+":"+that._segment,params?params:{})})}function removeExpired(expires){var items=this._store.getItems(),expiresInt=+expires;for(var key in items){if(items[key].end!==undefined&&+items[key].end<expiresInt){this._store.removeItem(key)}}}function getLastExpirationDate(data){var winner=0,rollingExpire=daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);for(var key in data){if(data[key].end===undefined&&rollingExpire>winner){winner=rollingExpire}else{if(+data[key].end>winner){winner=+data[key].end}}}return(winner)?new Date(winner):new Date(rollingExpire)}window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.log=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_log",params)};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.convert=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_convert",params);this.convert=function(){}};function daysFromNow(n){var endDate;endDate=new Date().getTime()+(n*60*60*24)*1000;return endDate}function pick(segments,rate){var picked,min=0,max=segments.length-1;if(typeof rate==="number"&&Math.random()>rate){return null}do{picked=Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))+min}while(picked>max);return segments[picked]}window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage=function(name){validateCookieName(name);this._cookieName=name;this._isEnabled=(bbccookies.isAllowed(this._cookieName)===true&&bbccookies.cookiesEnabled()===true)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.setItem=function(key,value){var storeData=this.getItems();storeData[key]=value;this.save(storeData);return value};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._isEnabled};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();return storeData[key]};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.removeItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();delete storeData[key];this.save(storeData)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItems=function(){return deserialise(this.readCookie(this._cookieName)||"")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.save=function(data){window.bbccookies.set(this._cookieName+"="+encodeURIComponent(serialise(data))+"; expires="+getLastExpirationDate(data).toUTCString()+";")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.readCookie=function(name){var nameEq=name+"=",ca=window.bbccookies.get().split("; "),i,c;validateCookieName(name);for(i=0;i<ca.length;i++){c=ca[i];if(c.indexOf(nameEq)===0){return decodeURIComponent(c.substring(nameEq.length,c.length))}}return null};function serialise(o){var str="";for(var p in o){if(o.hasOwnProperty(p)){str+='"'+p+'"'+":"+(typeof o[p]==="object"?(o[p]===null?"null":"{"+serialise(o[p])+"}"):'"'+o[p].toString()+'"')+","}}return str.replace(/,\}/g,"}").replace(/,$/g,"")}function deserialise(str){var o;str="{"+str+"}";if(!validateSerialisation(str)){throw"Invalid input provided for deserialisation."}eval("o = "+str);return o}var validateSerialisation=(function(){var OBJECT_TOKEN="<Object>",ESCAPED_CHAR='"\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u000A\\u000D\\u005C',ALLOWED_CHAR="([^"+ESCAPED_CHAR+"]|\\\\["+ESCAPED_CHAR+"])",KEY='"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'+"',VALUE='(null|"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'*"|'+OBJECT_TOKEN+")",KEY_VALUE=KEY+":"+VALUE,KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE="("+KEY_VALUE+",)*"+KEY_VALUE,OBJECT_LITERAL="({}|{"+KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE+"})",objectPattern=new RegExp(OBJECT_LITERAL,"g");return function(str){if(str.indexOf(OBJECT_TOKEN)!==-1){return false}while(str.match(objectPattern)){str=str.replace(objectPattern,OBJECT_TOKEN)}return str===OBJECT_TOKEN}})();function validateCookieName(name){if(name.match(/ ,;/)){throw"Illegal name provided, must be valid in browser cookie."}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.documentElement.className += (document.documentElement.className? ' ' : '') + 'orb-js'; fig.manager.confirm(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/script/orb/api.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.orb_masthead_test = new bbc.Mandolin( 'orb_masthead', ['simple', 'control'], { rate: 6/1000, start: new Date('09/22/2014 08:00:00 GMT'), /* format: mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss */ signupEnd: new Date('09/24/2014 08:00:00 GMT'), end: new Date('10/06/2014 08:00:00 GMT') } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ function oqsSurveyManager(w, flag) { if (flag !== 'OFF') { w.document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/script/vendor/edr.js"><'+'/script>'); } } oqsSurveyManager(window, 'ON'); /*]]>*/ </script> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta property="og:title" content="Is life on an ark really possible?"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:site_name" content="BBC Guides"><meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/208x208/p025xbd4.jpg"><meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zcsgr82"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Chris Packham reveals the incredible story of a journey against all odds following the tsunami in Japan in 2011."><meta name="twitter:image:src" content="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/288x162/p025xbd4.jpg"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@BBCiWonder"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/gelstyles/0.8.2/style/core.css"/>  <script type="text/javascript"> requirejs.config({ paths: { bbcshare : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/modules/bbcshare", text : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/modules/bbcshare.src/bbcshare/libs/text", underscore : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/modules/bbcshare.src/bbcshare/libs/underscore", templates : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/modules/bbcshare.src/bbcshare/ui/templates", config : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/share/0.4.1/modules/" }, shim: { 'underscore': { exports: '_' } } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ window.istats = (window.istats || {}); (istats.head = function(w,d) { w.istats._linkTracked = w.istats._trackingCookie = decodeURIComponent( (d.cookie.match(/\bsa_labels=([^;]+)/)||[]).pop() || '' ); var host = w.location.host, m = host.match(/(bbc(?:\.co\.uk|\.com))$/i); d.cookie = 'sa_labels=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT; domain=' + (m? m[1] : host) + '; path=/'; })(window,document); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ define('id-statusbar-config', { 'translation_signedout': "Log a-steach", 'translation_signedin': "Do chunntas", 'use_overlay' : false, 'signin_url' : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/gd-GB/signin?ptrt=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82", 'locale' : "gd-GB", 'policyname' : "", 'ptrt' : "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zcsgr82" }); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (! window.require) { throw new Error('idcta: could not find require'); } var map = {}; map['idapp-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/idapp/0.63.26/modules/idapp/idapp-1'; map['idcta/idcta-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.25.0/modules/idcta/idcta-1'; map['idcta/idCookie'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.25.0/modules/idcta/idCookie'; map['idcta/overlayManager'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.25.0/modules/idcta/overlayManager'; require({paths: map}); define('id-config', {"idapp":{"version":"0.63.26","hostname":"ssl.bbc.co.uk","insecurehostname":"www.bbc.co.uk","tld":"bbc.co.uk"},"idtranslations":{"version":"0.31.1"},"identity":{"baseUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/https:\/\/talkback.live.bbc.co.uk\/identity","cookieAgeDays":730},"pathway":{"name":null,"staticAssetUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/idapp\/0.63.26\/modules\/idapp\/idapp-1\/View.css"}}); })(); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); /*]]>*/ </script><style type="text/css">.bbccom_display_none{display:none;}</style><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; var bbcdotcom = false; (function(){ if(typeof require !== 'undefined') { require({ paths:{ "bbcdotcom":"https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/script" } }); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcom = { adverts: {}, advert: { write: function () {}, show: function () {}, isActive: function () { return false; }, layout: function() { return { reset: function() {} } } }, config: { init: function() {}, isActive: function() {}, setSections: function() {}, isAdsEnabled: function() {}, setAdsEnabled: function() {}, isAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAssetPrefix: function() {}, setConfig: function() {} }, survey: { init: function(){ return false; } }, data: {}, init: function() {}, objects: function(str) { return false; }, locale: { set: function() {} }, setAdKeyValue: function() {}, utils: { addEvent: function() {}, addHtmlTagClass: function() {} }, addLoadEvent: function() {} }; /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof orb !== 'undefined' && typeof orb.fig === 'function') { if (orb.fig('ad') && orb.fig('uk') == 0) { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: (orb.fig('ad') ? 1 : 0), stats: (orb.fig('uk') == 0 ? 1 : 0), statsProvider: orb.fig('ap') }; } } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://tps.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/data">\x3C/script>'); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof orb === 'undefined' || typeof orb.fig !== 'function') { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: bbcdotcom.data.a, stats: bbcdotcom.data.b, statsProvider: bbcdotcom.data.c }; } if (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk')+'/wwscripts/flag">\x3C/script>'); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && (typeof bbcdotcom.flag == 'undefined' || (typeof bbcdotcom.data.ads !== 'undefined' && bbcdotcom.flag.a != 1))) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 0; } if (/[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug') !== -1) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 1; bbcdotcom.data.stats = 1; } if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcom.assetPrefix = "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/"; document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/style/orb/bbccom.css" />'); (function() { var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; var src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; document.write('<scr' + 'ipt src="' + src + '">\x3C/script>'); })(); if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href)) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/script/orb/individual.js">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/script/orb/bbcdotcom.js">\x3C/script>'); } if(/[\\?&]ads=([^&#]*)/.test(window.location.href)) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/script/orb/adverts/adSuites.js">\x3C/script>'); } } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { var bbcdotcomConfig = {"adExclusions":"","adFormat":"standard","adKeyword":"","adMode":"smart","adsEnabled":true,"appAnalyticsSections":"","asyncEnabled":false,"disableInitialLoad":false,"advertInfoPageUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/faqs\/online\/adverts_general","advertisementText":"Advertisement","analyticsEnabled":true,"appName":"kandlguides","assetPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/0.3.300\/","customAdParams":[],"customStatsParams":[],"headline":"","id":"","inAssociationWithText":"In association with","keywords":"","language":"","orbTransitional":false,"outbrainEnabled":true,"palEnv":"live","productName":"","sections":[],"siteCatalystEnabled":true,"slots":"","sponsoredByText":"Sponsored by","summary":"","type":"","staticBase":"\/bbcdotcom","staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk","staticVersion":"0.3.300","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/0.3.300","dataHttp":"tps.bbc.com","dataHttps":"ssl.bbc.com","flagHttp":"www.bbc.co.uk","flagHttps":"ssl.bbc.co.uk","analyticsHttp":"sa.bbc.com","analyticsHttps":"ssa.bbc.com"}; bbcdotcom.config.init(bbcdotcomConfig, bbcdotcom.data, window.location, window.document); bbcdotcom.config.setAssetPrefix("https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/"); document.write(''); document.write(''); if (!bbcdotcom.config.isAsync() && bbcdotcom.config.isIE7()) { document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/0.3.300/style/orb/bbccom-ie7.css" />'); } } /*]]>*/ </script> <script> // Start Chartbeat timer. var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime(); </script>  <script> define("assetPrefix", "https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150129122823\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/kandlguides\/4.14.37.0\/"); function cutsMustard(){ return ('querySelector' in document && 'localStorage' in window && 'addEventListener' in window); } var htmlElement = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0], supportClass = ' js'; if (cutsMustard()) { supportClass += ' cutsMustard'; } htmlElement.className += supportClass; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.init) { bbcdotcom.init({adsToDisplay:['leaderboard', 'mpu']}); } </script> </head> <body> <div id="bbccom_interstitial" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_interstitial'); }); } /*]]>*/ </script></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { if (bbcdotcom.config.isAsync()) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_wallpaper'); }); } else { googletag.display("wallpaper"); } } /*]]>*/ </script></div><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAdsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('analytics')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAnalyticsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } /*]]>*/ </script> <div id="blq-global"> <div id="blq-pre-mast"> </div> </div> <script type="text/html" id="blq-bbccookies-tmpl"><![CDATA[ <section> <div id="bbccookies" class="bbccookies-banner orb-banner-wrapper bbccookies-d"> <div id="bbccookies-prompt" class="orb-banner b-g-p b-r b-f"> <h2 class="orb-banner-title"> Cookies air làrach a’ BhBC </h2> <p class="orb-banner-content" dir="ltr"> Bidh sinn a’ cleachdadh cookies airson an làrach a thabhann san dòigh as fheàrr.<span class="bbccookies-international-message"> Bidh sinn cuideachd a’ cleachdadh cookies airson sansachachd a tha freagairt ort a shealltainn.</span> Mar a h-atharraich thu do roghainnean, gabhaidh sinn ris gu bheil thu toilichte na cookies air làrach a’ BhBC fhaighinn air fad. Tha e comasach do roghainnean atharrachadh aig àm sam bith. </p> <ul class="orb-banner-options"> <li id="bbccookies-continue"> <button type="button" id="bbccookies-continue-button">Air adhart</button> </li> <li id="bbccookies-settings"> <a href="/privacy/cookies/managing/cookie-settings.html">Atharraich do roghainnean</a> </li> <li id="bbccookies-more"><a href="/privacy/cookies/bbc">Faigh a-mach tuilleadh</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </section> ]]></script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){if(bbccookies._showPrompt()){var g=document,b=g.getElementById("blq-pre-mast"),e=g.getElementById("blq-bbccookies-tmpl"),a,f;if(b&&g.createElement){a=g.createElement("div");f=e.innerHTML;f=f.replace("<"+"![CDATA[","").replace("]]"+">","");a.innerHTML=f;b.appendChild(a);blqCookieContinueButton=g.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button");blqCookieContinueButton.onclick=function(){a.parentNode.removeChild(a);return false};bbccookies._setPolicy()}var c=g.getElementById("bbccookies");if(c&&!window.orb.fig("uk")){c.className=c.className.replace(/\bbbccookies-d\b/,"");c.className=c.className+(" bbccookies-w")}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ bbcFlagpoles_istats = 'ON'; istatsTrackingUrl = '//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=kl.iwonder.guides.knowledge_learning.nature.is_life_on_an_ark_really_possible.zcsgr82.page&page_language=en-GB&page_type=guides&by_nation=eng&clip_count=0&step_max=6&hero_connection=true&first_published_date=2014-09-15T13%3A25%3A51.296107Z&ps_embed=1&pal_route=guides&ml_name=barlesque&app_type=responsive&language=gd-GB&ml_version=0.25.1&pal_webapp=kandlguides&prod_name=guides&app_name=guides'; if (window.istats_countername) { istatsTrackingUrl = istatsTrackingUrl.replace(/([?&]name=)[^&]+/ig, '$1' + istats_countername); } (function() { if ( /\bIDENTITY=/.test(document.cookie) ) { istatsTrackingUrl += '&bbc_identity=1'; } var c = (document.cookie.match(/\bckns_policy=(\d\d\d)/)||[]).pop() || ''; istatsTrackingUrl += '&bbc_mc=' + (c? 'ad'+c.charAt(0)+'ps'+c.charAt(1)+'pf'+c.charAt(2) : 'not_set'); if ( /\bckns_policy=\d\d0/.test(document.cookie) ) { istatsTrackingUrl += '&ns_nc=1'; } var screenWidthAndHeight = 'unavailable'; if (window.screen && screen.width && screen.height) { screenWidthAndHeight = screen.width + 'x' + screen.height; } istatsTrackingUrl += ('&screen_resolution=' + screenWidthAndHeight); istatsTrackingUrl += '&blq_s=4d&blq_r=2.7&blq_v=default&blq_e=pal'; })(); /*]]>*/</script>  <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.istats || (istats = {}); var cookieDisabled = (document.cookie.indexOf('NO-SA=') != -1), hasCookieLabels = (document.cookie.indexOf('sa_labels=') != -1), hasClickThrough = /^#sa-(.*?)(?:-sa(.*))?$/.test(document.location.hash), runSitestat = !cookieDisabled && !hasCookieLabels && !hasClickThrough && !istats._linkTracked; if (runSitestat && bbcFlagpoles_istats === 'ON') { sitestat(istatsTrackingUrl); } else { window.ns_pixelUrl = istatsTrackingUrl; /* used by Flash library to track */ } function sitestat(n){var j=document,f=j.location,b="";if(j.cookie.indexOf("st_ux=")!=-1){var k=j.cookie.split(";");var e="st_ux",h=document.domain,a="/";if(typeof ns_!="undefined"&&typeof ns_.ux!="undefined"){e=ns_.ux.cName||e;h=ns_.ux.cDomain||h;a=ns_.ux.cPath||a}for(var g=0,f=k.length;g<f;g++){var m=k[g].indexOf("st_ux=");if(m!=-1){b="&"+unescape(k[g].substring(m+6))}}document.cookie=e+"=; expires="+new Date(new Date().getTime()-60).toGMTString()+"; path="+a+"; domain="+h}ns_pixelUrl=n;n=ns_pixelUrl+"&ns__t="+(new Date().getTime())+"&ns_c="+((j.characterSet)?j.characterSet:j.defaultCharset)+"&ns_ti="+escape(j.title)+b+"&ns_jspageurl="+escape(f&&f.href?f.href:j.URL)+"&ns_referrer="+escape(j.referrer);if(n.length>2000&&n.lastIndexOf("&")){n=n.substring(0,n.lastIndexOf("&")+1)+"ns_cut="+n.substring(n.lastIndexOf("&")+1,n.lastIndexOf("=")).substring(0,40)}(j.images)?new Image().src=n:j.write('<p><i'+'mg src="'+n+'" height="1" width="1" alt="" /></p>')}; })(); /*]]>*/</script> <noscript><p style="position: absolute; top: -999em;"><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=kl.iwonder.guides.knowledge_learning.nature.is_life_on_an_ark_really_possible.zcsgr82.page&page_language=en-GB&page_type=guides&by_nation=eng&clip_count=0&step_max=6&hero_connection=true&first_published_date=2014-09-15T13%3A25%3A51.296107Z&ps_embed=1&pal_route=guides&ml_name=barlesque&app_type=responsive&language=gd-GB&ml_version=0.25.1&pal_webapp=kandlguides&prod_name=guides&app_name=guides&blq_js_enabled=0&blq_s=4d&blq_r=2.7&blq_v=default&blq_e=pal" height="1" width="1" alt=""/></p></noscript>   <header id="orb-banner" role="banner">   <div id="orb-header" class="orb-nav-pri orb-nav-pri-black orb-nav-empty"> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(){var h=document.getElementById('orb-header');if(/bbc\.co\.uk$/i.test(location.hostname)&&orb_masthead_test.getSegment()=='simple'&&(location.pathname===''||location.pathname==='/'||location.pathname==='/frameworks/test/mandolin/acceptance'&&h.setAttribute)){h.setAttribute('data-max-w','0');h.setAttribute('data-max-d','0');}}()); </script> <div class="orb-nav-pri-container b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-blocks"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/"> <img class="orb-nav-theme-dynamic" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-light.png" width="84" height="24" alt="BBC" data-activesrc="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-dark.png"/> </a> </div> <section> <div class="orb-skip-links"> <h2>Ceanglaichean taic</h2> <ul> <li><a href="#guide">Air adhart</a></li> <li><a id="orb-accessibility-help" href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Taic mu Ruigsinneachd</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-id orb-nav-focus orb-nav-id-default"> <a id="idcta-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/id/gd-GB/status?ptrt=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82"><img id="idcta-image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.25.0/img/bbcid_orb_signin_light.png" alt="" width="18" height="18" class="orb-nav-theme-dynamic" data-activesrc="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/id/0.25.0/img/bbcid_orb_signin_dark.png"/><span id="idcta-username">BBC iD</span></a> </div> <nav role="navigation" class="orb-nav"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-links orb-nav-focus" id="orb-nav-links"> <h2>Stiùireadh a’ BhBC</h2> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/">Naidheachdan</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/news/">Naidheachdan</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Spòrs</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Aimsir</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/gd/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Ri Thighinn</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">Tbh</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Rèidio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc/">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Na h-Ealain</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww1/">WW1</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-history"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/">History</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-learning"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/learning/">Foghlam</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-science"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/">Science</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-fullaz"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/a-z/">Full A-Z</a> </li> <li id="orb-nav-more"><a href="#orb-footer" data-alt="Tuilleadh">Menu<span class="orb-icon orb-icon-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-search"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://search.bbc.co.uk/search"> <img class="orb-nav-theme-dynamic" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/img/orb-search-light.png" width="18" height="18" alt="Rannsaich am BBC" data-activesrc="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/img/orb-search-dark.png"/> </a> <form class="b-f" id="orb-search-form" role="search" method="get" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="uri" value="/guides/zcsgr82"/> <label for="orb-search-q">Rannsaich am BBC</label> <input id="orb-search-q" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Lorg"/> <input type="image" id="orb-search-button" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/img/orb-search-dark.png" width="17" height="17" alt="Rannsaich am BBC"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="orb-panels"> <script type="text/template" id="orb-panel-template"><![CDATA[ <div id="orb-panel-<%= panelname %>" class="orb-panel" aria-labelledby="orb-nav-<%= panelname %>"> <div class="orb-panel-content b-g-p b-r"> <%= panelcontent %> </div> </div> ]]></script> </div> </div> </header>  <div id="orb-modules"> <div class="k-content"> <div role="main" id="guide" class="k-guide colour-palette-6 step-6"><div class="k-iwonder-content"><div class="b-r b-g-p"><a class="k-iwonder-logo" href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder">BBC iWonder</a></div></div><header class="k-g-header"><div class="k-g-gtb"><h1><a href="#orb-banner">Is life on an ark really possible?</a></h1><a href="#k-g-gn-footer" class="k-g-gn-drop">Open navigator</a><div class="k-g-share">   <div class="s-b-container s-b-gd-gb" data-version="0.4.1" data-variant="transparent" data-language="gd-gb" data-ptrt="http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/close"> <div class="s-b s-b-transparent"> <form action="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/page" method="get"> <input type="hidden" name="app_id" value="58567469885" id="sb-1-sb-1app_id"><input type="hidden" name="shareUrl" value="http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zcsgr82" id="sb-1-sb-1shareUrl"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Is life on an ark really possible?" id="sb-1-sb-1title"><input type="hidden" name="description" value="Chris Packham reveals the incredible story of a journey against all odds following the tsunami in Japan in 2011." id="sb-1-sb-1description"><input type="hidden" name="twitterName" value="BBCiWonder" id="sb-1-sb-1twitterName"><input type="hidden" name="redirect_uri" value="http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/close" id="sb-1-sb-1redirect_uri"><input type="hidden" name="variant" value="transparent" id="sb-1-sb-1variant"><input type="hidden" name="variantPanel" value="light" id="sb-1-sb-1variantPanel"><input type="hidden" name="panelDirection" value="auto" id="sb-1-sb-1panelDirection"><input type="hidden" name="locale" value="gd-gb" id="sb-1-sb-1locale"><input type="hidden" name="js" value="1" id="sb-1-sb-1js"><input type="hidden" name="css" value="1" id="sb-1-sb-1css"> <input type="hidden" name="version" id="version" value="0.4.1"/> <button class="s-b-button" aria-live="polite" aria-labelledby="sb-1-label" type="submit" aria-pressed="false" id="sb-1" title="Sgaoil an duilleag-sa"> <span class="s-b-icon s-b-s"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--share s-b-gelicon"></i> </span> <span id="sb-1-label" class="s-b-labels"> <span class="s-b-label s-b-s" role="presentation">Sgaoil</span> <span class="s-b-label-long s-b-s" role="presentation"> an duilleag-sa</span> </span> </button> </form> </div> <div class="s-b-panel s-b-p-auto" id="sb-1-panel" data-variant="light"> <span class="s-b-pointer"></span> <p>Sgaoil seo le</p> <ul class="s-b-p-networks"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://digg.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&bodytext=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&" target="_blank" data-window-width="900" data-window-height="560" data-network="digg" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le digg"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--digg"></i> </span> Digg </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/feed?app_id=58567469885&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fmodules%2Fshare%2Fclose&link=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&picture=&name=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&description=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&caption=&display=popup&" target="_blank" data-window-width="626" data-window-height="236" data-network="facebook" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le facebook"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--facebook"></i> </span> Facebook </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://plus.google.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&" target="_blank" data-window-width="550" data-window-height="500" data-network="google" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le google"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--google-plus"></i> </span> Google </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&summary=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&" target="_blank" data-window-width="620" data-window-height="500" data-network="linkedin" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le linkedin"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--linkedin"></i> </span> LinkedIn </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&" target="_blank" data-window-width="620" data-window-height="300" data-network="reddit" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le reddit"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--reddit"></i> </span> Reddit </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&" target="_blank" data-window-width="900" data-window-height="560" data-network="stumbleupon" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le stumbleupon"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--stumbleupon"></i> </span> StumbleUpon </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&via=BBCiWonder&=&" target="_blank" data-window-width="550" data-window-height="420" data-network="twitter" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le twitter"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--twitter"></i> </span> Twitter </a> </li> </ul> <a class="s-b-read-more" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/faqs/questions/bbc_online/sharing" tabindex="-1">Leugh tuilleadh mu na ceanglaichean seo.</a> <a href="#" class="s-b-p-close" tabindex="-1" title="Dùin"><i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--no"></i></a> </div> </div>  </div></div><ol class="k-g-gn"><li><a href="#z839kqt">The animals went in two by two</a></li><li><a href="#z29q7ty">Surviving against the odds</a></li><li><a href="#zq249j6">The journey from Japan to America</a></li><li><a href="#zcv49j6">A functional ecosystem</a></li><li><a href="#z3v49j6">What counts as a modern day ark?</a></li><li><a href="#zg8yvcw">Where next?</a></li></ol></header><section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-1 odd k-g-introduction"><span id="z839kqt" class="k-g-stp-anchor" tabindex="-1"></span><div class="k-g-introduction-media"><div class="k-g-int-i" data-pid="p025xcfz"><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1600xn/p025xcfz.jpg" alt=""></noscript></div></div><aside class="k-aside"><div class="k-g-gc"><div data-zedid="zwg8d2p" class="k-g-gc-item hero"><div class="image"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/416x234/p0240g36.jpg" data-pid="p0240g36" alt="" class="resp widescreen"></div><div class="about"><span class="type">Written by</span><span class="name">Chris Packham</span><span class="role">Naturalist and presenter</span></div></div></div></aside><div class="k-g-introduction-content"><div class="k-g-stp-inner"><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-1"><div></div></div><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">The animals went in two by two</h2><aside class="k-aside"><div class="k-g-gc"><div data-zedid="zwg8d2p" class="k-g-gc-item hero"><div class="image"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/416x234/p0240g36.jpg" data-pid="p0240g36" alt="" class="resp widescreen"></div><div class="about"><span class="type">Written by</span><span class="name">Chris Packham</span><span class="role">Naturalist and presenter</span></div></div></div></aside><section class="k-section"><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> The idea of an ark is an old one.</p></div><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> Most of us have heard the tale of Noah's ark - the magical procession of animal pairs onto a large boat which saved these species from catastrophic floods that lasted 40 days and 40 nights.</p></div><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> But this is merely a tale. Arks can’t really exist... can they?</p></div> </section></div></div></section> <section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-2 even k-g-narrative"><div class="k-g-stp-limiter"><div class="k-g-stp-header"><div class="k-g-stp-header-inner"><span id="z29q7ty" class="k-g-stp-anchor" tabindex="-1"></span><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-2"><div></div></div></div></div><div class="k-g-stp"><div class="k-g-stp-inner media"><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">Surviving against the odds</h2><aside class="k-aside"><div class="kg-media kg-media--highlight k-g-gs-i" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Striped beak fish"><meta itemprop="description" content="Striped beak fish"><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/608xn/p025xfxg.jpg"><img class="resp" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/608xn/p025xfxg.jpg" data-pid="p025xfxg" alt="Striped beak fish"><div class="kg-media__support"><p class="kg-media__support__text caption">This striped beak fish was just one of 30 species that was found in the boat after it reached the US (image courtesy of Stuart Dunn).</p></div></div></aside><section class="k-section"><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> The romantic notion of animals finding salvation in a boat remains - and in March 2013 it was remarkably realised. A small open topped fishing boat was swept from the coast of Japan when the devastating tsunami raged across the Far East in 2011.</p></div><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> It appears that the vessel filled with water and provided a home for 30 stowaway species including a striped beak fish. When the boat finally reached Washington state in the US, this fish was too young to have survived the entire journey.</p></div></section><div class="k-g-gs-l"></div></div></div></div></section> <section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-3 odd"><div class="k-g-stp-limiter"><div class="k-g-stp-header"><div class="k-g-stp-header-inner"><span id="zq249j6" class="k-g-stp-anchor" tabindex="-1"></span><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-3"><div></div></div></div></div><div class="k-g-stp k-g-activity-step"><div class="k-g-stp-inner"><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">The journey from Japan to America</h2><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p>Two years after the Japanese tsunami, a fishing boat from that area came ashore on the coast of Washington state, USA. Click on a country to find out a bit more about this remarkable journey.</p></div><div class="k-g-activity k-g-legacy-activity" id="k-g-activity-zpt8d2p" data-activity-baseurl="//downloads.bbc.co.uk/kandl/activities/zpt8d2p" data-activity-module="kandlguides-activity/zpt8d2p/main"><div class="k-g-activity-container"></div><noscript><p class="no-script">Feumar Javascript airson seo fhaicinn.</p></noscript><div class="k-g-activity-cutsmustard"><p>Chan eil seo ag obair ri linn ‘s nach eil e a’ faighinn an taic a tha dhìth bhon bhrobhsair agad. Bu chòir do bhrobhsair ùrachadh.</p></div></div><script> require.config({ "paths": { "kandlguides-activity/zpt8d2p": "//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/kandl/activities/zpt8d2p" } }); </script><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p></p></div></div></div></div></section> <section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-4 even k-g-narrative"><div class="k-g-stp-limiter"><div class="k-g-stp-header"><div class="k-g-stp-header-inner"><span id="zcv49j6" class="k-g-stp-anchor" tabindex="-1"></span><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-4"><div></div></div></div></div><div class="k-g-stp"><div class="k-g-stp-inner media"><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">A functional ecosystem</h2><aside class="k-aside"><div class="kg-media kg-media--highlight k-g-gs-i" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="name" content="Beak fish in boat"><meta itemprop="description" content="Beak fish in boat"><meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/608xn/p026qmrh.jpg"><img class="resp" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/608xn/p026qmrh.jpg" data-pid="p026qmrh" alt="Beak fish in boat"><div class="kg-media__support"><p class="kg-media__support__text caption">During the two year journey the boat became a functional ecosystem (image courtesy of Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife).</p></div></div></aside><section class="k-section"><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> The fish had either jumped ship from the waters around Hawaii where the craft may have drifted en route or, even more remarkably, it was the result of breeding inside the boat. It appears that this tiny body of water carried by the boat was a functional ecosystem; a capsule of life that travelled thousands of miles across the ocean.</p></div><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p> It reveals something of the way species have probably travelled around the world to colonise new islands and continents. These global hitch-hikers are accidental tourists with enormous potential to survive against seemingly impossible odds. </p></div></section><div class="k-g-gs-l"></div></div></div></div></section> <style> @media only screen and (max-width: 599px) { .penultimate-image .k-g-stp-header, .penultimate-image.boxed:before { background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/608x342/p025z1wd.jpg); } } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .penultimate-image { background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1120x630/p025z1wd.jpg); } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1008px) { .penultimate-image:before { background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1600xn/p025z1wd.jpg); } } </style><section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-5 odd penultimate-step penultimate-image boxed"><div class="k-g-stp-limiter"><div class="k-g-stp-header"><div class="k-g-stp-header-inner"><span id="z3v49j6" class="k-g-stp-anchor" tabindex="-1"></span><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-5"><div></div></div></div></div><div class="k-g-stp k-g-guide-stp-question"><div class="k-g-stp-inner"><div class="k-g-gs-sq"> <div class="k-g-gs-sq-header-container"><div class="k-g-gs-sq-header"><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">What counts as a modern day ark?</h2><div class="k-g-gs-tb k-type-body-article"><p>Arks don’t have to be boats, so which of these could also be considered a biological 'ark'.</p></div></div></div> <div class="k-g-gs-sq-options options-count-3"><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option-container" id="z3v49j61"><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option option-image"><div class="heading"><p>Kew Seed Bank</p></div><div class="answer"><p><a href="?stp_z3v49j6=1#z3v49j6" class="k-link-button question">Tagh<span></span></a></p></div><div class="image" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/512x288/p025z1yg.jpg);"></div><div class="description"><p></p></div></div><div class="k-g-gs-sq-reveal reveal-image"><div class="context"><p>You selected</p></div><div class="heading"><p>Kew Seed Bank</p></div><div class="image"><img class="resp square" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/80x80/p025z1yg.jpg" data-pid="p025z1yg" alt=""></div><div class="attribution"></div><div class="response"><p>Yes, The Millennium Seed Bank at Kew currently protects 13% of the world’s wild plant species in case of extinction.</p></div></div></div><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option-container" id="z3v49j62"><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option option-image"><div class="heading"><p>Genebank DNA database</p></div><div class="answer"><p><a href="?stp_z3v49j6=2#z3v49j6" class="k-link-button question">Tagh<span></span></a></p></div><div class="image" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/512x288/p025z1zw.jpg);"></div><div class="description"><p></p></div></div><div class="k-g-gs-sq-reveal reveal-image"><div class="context"><p>You selected</p></div><div class="heading"><p>Genebank DNA database</p></div><div class="image"><img class="resp square" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/80x80/p025z1zw.jpg" data-pid="p025z1zw" alt=""></div><div class="attribution"></div><div class="response"><p>This is an interesting option as Genebank isn’t a traditional ark, but it is a giant biological database holding millions of DNA sequences for the future.</p></div></div></div><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option-container" id="z3v49j63"><div class="k-g-gs-sq-option option-image"><div class="heading"><p>A zoo</p></div><div class="answer"><p><a href="?stp_z3v49j6=3#z3v49j6" class="k-link-button question">Tagh<span></span></a></p></div><div class="image" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/512x288/p025z230.jpg);"></div><div class="description"><p></p></div></div><div class="k-g-gs-sq-reveal reveal-image"><div class="context"><p>You selected</p></div><div class="heading"><p>Zoo</p></div><div class="image"><img class="resp square" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/80x80/p025z230.jpg" data-pid="p025z230" alt=""></div><div class="attribution"></div><div class="response"><p>Yes, even though zoos keep animals in enclosures for public display, many do important conservation work with critically endangered animals.</p></div></div></div></div> </div></div></div></div></section> <section class="k-g-stp-container step-number-6 end-step"><div class="k-g-stp k-g-end"><div class="k-g-stp-inner"><div class="k-g-share">   <div class="s-b-container s-b-gd-gb" data-version="0.4.1" data-variant="light-grey" data-language="gd-gb" data-ptrt="http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/close"> <div class="s-b s-b-light-grey"> <form action="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/page" method="get"> <input type="hidden" name="app_id" value="58567469885" id="sb-2-sb-2app_id"><input type="hidden" name="shareUrl" value="http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zcsgr82" id="sb-2-sb-2shareUrl"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Is life on an ark really possible?" id="sb-2-sb-2title"><input type="hidden" name="description" value="Chris Packham reveals the incredible story of a journey against all odds following the tsunami in Japan in 2011." id="sb-2-sb-2description"><input type="hidden" name="twitterName" value="BBCiWonder" id="sb-2-sb-2twitterName"><input type="hidden" name="redirect_uri" value="http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/share/close" id="sb-2-sb-2redirect_uri"><input type="hidden" name="variant" value="light-grey" id="sb-2-sb-2variant"><input type="hidden" name="variantPanel" value="light" id="sb-2-sb-2variantPanel"><input type="hidden" name="panelDirection" value="auto" id="sb-2-sb-2panelDirection"><input type="hidden" name="locale" value="gd-gb" id="sb-2-sb-2locale"><input type="hidden" name="js" value="1" id="sb-2-sb-2js"><input type="hidden" name="css" value="1" id="sb-2-sb-2css"> <input type="hidden" name="version" id="version" value="0.4.1"/> <button class="s-b-button" aria-live="polite" aria-labelledby="sb-2-label" type="submit" aria-pressed="false" id="sb-2" title="Sgaoil an duilleag-sa"> <span class="s-b-icon s-b-s"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--share s-b-gelicon"></i> </span> <span id="sb-2-label" class="s-b-labels"> <span class="s-b-label s-b-s" role="presentation">Sgaoil</span> <span class="s-b-label-long s-b-s" role="presentation"> an duilleag-sa</span> </span> </button> </form> </div> <div class="s-b-panel s-b-p-auto" id="sb-2-panel" data-variant="light"> <span class="s-b-pointer"></span> <p>Sgaoil seo le</p> <ul class="s-b-p-networks"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://digg.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&bodytext=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&" target="_blank" data-window-width="900" data-window-height="560" data-network="digg" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le digg"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--digg"></i> </span> Digg </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/feed?app_id=58567469885&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fmodules%2Fshare%2Fclose&link=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&picture=&name=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&description=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&caption=&display=popup&" target="_blank" data-window-width="626" data-window-height="236" data-network="facebook" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le facebook"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--facebook"></i> </span> Facebook </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://plus.google.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&" target="_blank" data-window-width="550" data-window-height="500" data-network="google" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le google"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--google-plus"></i> </span> Google </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&summary=Chris%20Packham%20reveals%20the%20incredible%20story%20of%20a%20journey%20against%20all%20odds%20following%20the%20tsunami%20in%20Japan%20in%202011.&" target="_blank" data-window-width="620" data-window-height="500" data-network="linkedin" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le linkedin"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--linkedin"></i> </span> LinkedIn </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&" target="_blank" data-window-width="620" data-window-height="300" data-network="reddit" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le reddit"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--reddit"></i> </span> Reddit </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&title=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&" target="_blank" data-window-width="900" data-window-height="560" data-network="stumbleupon" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le stumbleupon"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--stumbleupon"></i> </span> StumbleUpon </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Is%20life%20on%20an%20ark%20really%20possible%3F&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fguides%2Fzcsgr82&via=BBCiWonder&=&" target="_blank" data-window-width="550" data-window-height="420" data-network="twitter" tabindex="-1" class="s-b-p-a" title="Sgaoil seo le twitter"> <span> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--twitter"></i> </span> Twitter </a> </li> </ul> <a class="s-b-read-more" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/faqs/questions/bbc_online/sharing" tabindex="-1">Leugh tuilleadh mu na ceanglaichean seo.</a> <a href="#" class="s-b-p-close" tabindex="-1" title="Dùin"><i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--no"></i></a> </div> </div>  </div><div class="k-g-gs-sn step-number-6"><span id="zg8yvcw" class="k-g-stp-anchor"></span><div></div></div><h2 class="k-g-gs-t k-type-header">Where next?</h2><div class="k-promo-panel"><div class=" k-iwonder-promo promo-1 k-colour-palette-palette-3"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/ztkpn39"><div class="media"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/160x160/p0255zvv.jpg" data-image-recipe="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p0255zvv.jpg" alt=""><span class="overlay"></span></div><div class="context"><p class="title">What are zoos for?</p></div><div class="connection"><p><span class="type">Presented by</span><span class="name">Helen Skelton</span><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/80x80/p025v34k.jpg" alt=""></p></div></a></div><div class=" k-gel-promo promo-2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01pqmqq"><div class="media"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/160x90/p02540c9.jpg" data-image-recipe="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p02540c9.jpg" alt=""><span class=""></span><span class="overlay"></span></div><div class="context"><p class="title">Nature's Weirdest Events Homepage</p></div></a></div><div class=" k-gel-promo promo-3"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://theconversation.com/we-have-species-thanks-to-noahs-ark-19542"><div class="media"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/160x90/p025z4gq.jpg" data-image-recipe="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p025z4gq.jpg" alt=""><span class="k-g-sprite icon k-link">Visit</span><span class="overlay"></span></div><div class="context"><p class="title">We have ‘species’ thanks to Noah’s Ark</p></div></a></div><div class=" k-iwonder-promo promo-4 k-colour-palette-palette-5"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder"><div class="media"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/160x160/p025ltys.jpg" data-image-recipe="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p025ltys.jpg" alt=""><span class="overlay"></span></div><div class="context"><p class="title">Feed your curiosity with BBC iWonder</p></div></a></div><div class=" k-gel-promo promo-5"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598"><div class="media"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/160x90/p025z4jl.jpg" data-image-recipe="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p025z4jl.jpg" alt=""><span class=""></span><span class="overlay"></span></div><div class="context"><p class="title">Japan earthquake: Tsunami hits north-east</p></div></a></div></div></div></div></section><footer class="k-g-footer"><div id="k-g-gn-footer"><ol class="k-g-gn"><li><a href="#z839kqt">The animals went in two by two</a></li><li><a href="#z29q7ty">Surviving against the odds</a></li><li><a href="#zq249j6">The journey from Japan to America</a></li><li><a href="#zcv49j6">A functional ecosystem</a></li><li><a href="#z3v49j6">What counts as a modern day ark?</a></li><li><a href="#zg8yvcw">Where next?</a></li></ol></div><div class="k-g-lp"><div class="k-g-lp-options"><span>Cànain:</span><a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/language/en/zcsgr82">English</a><a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/language/cy/zcsgr82">Cymraeg</a><a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/language/ga/zcsgr82">Gaeilge</a></div></div></footer></div> </div> </div> <div id="orb-footer" class="orb-footer orb-footer-grey"> <aside role="complementary"> <div id="orb-aside" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner" role="navigation"> <h2 class="orb-footer-lead">Lorg dè eile th' aig a' BhBC</h2> <div class="orb-footer-primary-links"> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/">Naidheachdan</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/news/">Naidheachdan</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Spòrs</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Aimsir</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/gd/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Ri Thighinn</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">Tbh</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Rèidio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc/">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Na h-Ealain</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww1/">WW1</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-history"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/">History</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-learning"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/learning/">Foghlam</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-science"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/">Science</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-fullaz"> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/a-z/">Full A-Z</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div id="orb-contentinfo" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/terms/">Cùmhnantan-cleachdaidh</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/">Mun BhBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/">Prìobhaideachd</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/cookies/about">Criomagan</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Taic mu Ruigsinneachd</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance/">Stiùireadh do phàrantan</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/contact/">Fios chun BhBC</a> </li> </ul> <small> <span class="orb-hilight">Copyright © 2015 BBC.</span> The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <a href="/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/help/web/links/" class="orb-hilight">Read about our approach to external linking.</a> </small> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && window.bbcdotcom.analytics) { bbcdotcom.analytics.page(); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.postWrite(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ /** * ASNYC waits to make any gpt requests until the bottom of the page */ /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats === 1 && bbcdotcom.utils && window.location.pathname === '/' && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ) { var wwhpEdition = bbcdotcom.utils.getMetaPropertyContent('wwhp-edition'); var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.title = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ' - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.sections = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ', Homepage - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.region = wwhpEdition; _sf_async_config.path = "/"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? '?'+wwhpEdition : ''); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); } /*]]>*/ </script></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> document.write('<' + 'script id="orb-js-script" data-assetpath="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/2.83.4/orb/4/script' + (( document.cookie.indexOf('ckns_debugorbjs') > -1 )? '-debug' : '') + '/orb.js"><' + '/script>'); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof require !== 'undefined') { require(['istats-1'], function(istats){ istats.track('external', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); istats.track('download', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); }); } </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/script/bindPolyfill.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/script/modernizr-custom.js"></script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823js_/http://www.bbc.co.uk/timelines/kandlembeddedtimelines-1/embeddedTimeline.js"></script> <script> var bumpUrl = "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3"; if (window.location.protocol == 'https:') { bumpUrl = "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/emp/bump-3/ssl"; } require.config({ paths: { "bump-3": bumpUrl, "echo": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/modules/kandlguides-vendors/echo", "embed": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://play.bbc.co.uk/play/sdk/embed/v1/latest" } }); require(["kandlguides/controller/page"], function(Page) { var page = new Page({ controllers: [ "kandlguides/controller/activity", "kandlguides/controller/adverts", "kandlguides/controller/introduction", "kandlguides/controller/media", "kandlguides/controller/navigation", "kandlguides/controller/relatedContentPanel", "kandlguides/controller/responsiveImages", "kandlguides/controller/singleQuestion", "kandlguides/controller/slideshow", "kandlguides/controller/stepLink", "kandlguides/controller/title", "kandlguides/controller/userMonitoring", "kandlguides/controller/vote", "kandlguides/controller/openGamesActivity" ], config: { media: { audioCta: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.bbci.co.uk/kandlguides/4.14.37.0/img/non-sprites/audio_normal.png", mediaTemplateUrl: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/clip/$pid.jpg", mediaBaseUrl: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/playlist/", daxComscore: { appName: 'guides', appType: 'responsive', counterName: 'kl.iwonder.guides.knowledge_learning.nature.is_life_on_an_ark_really_possible.zcsgr82.page' }, embed: true }, image: { recipe: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/$pid.jpg" }, infographic: { recipe: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://a.files.bbci.co.uk/bam/live/content/$pid/$recipe" }, language: "gd", suppressActivities: "false", echo: { rum: { baseUrl: "https://web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://ingest.rum.bbc.co.uk", enabled: true } } } }); page.init(); }); require(['kandlembeddedtimelines-1/embeddedTimeline'], function (EmbeddedTimeline) { var el = document.querySelector('.k-etl-iframe'), embeddedTimeline = new EmbeddedTimeline(el); embeddedTimeline.init(); }); // Chartbeat var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.sections = "kandlguides"; _sf_async_config.authors = ""; /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20150129122823/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> require(['bbcshare'], function(share, template) { share.init(); }); </script> </body> </html>