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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Women</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provinces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provinces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Provinces</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Provinces-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Provinces subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Provinces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Saudi Arabia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 267 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-267" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">267 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Сауд Хьэрыпей – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Сауд Хьэрыпей" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Сауд Арабие – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Сауд Арабие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%91%E1%8B%B2_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ሳዑዲ አረቢያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳዑዲ አረቢያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudisc_Arabea" title="Saudisc Arabea – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Saudisc Arabea" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="السعودية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السعودية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%A5%DC%98%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܣܥܘܕܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܥܘܕܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սէուտական Արաբիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սէուտական Արաբիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudesc%C3%A3" title="Arabia Saudescã – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Arabia Saudescã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_saoudita" title="Arabia saoudita – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Arabia saoudita" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%B1" title="চৌদি আৰৱ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চৌদি আৰৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1via_Saud%C3%ADta" title="Arávia Saudíta – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arávia Saudíta" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="СагӀудиязул ГӀарабия – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="СагӀудиязул ГӀарабия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99udiyy%C9%99_%C6%8Fr%C9%99bistan%C4%B1" title="Səudiyyə Ərəbistanı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səudiyyə Ərəbistanı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سعودی عربیستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سعودی عربیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudia_Arabu_ka_Faamamara" title="Saudia Arabu ka Faamamara – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Saudia Arabu ka Faamamara" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC" title="সৌদি আরব – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সৌদি আরব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_A-la-pek" title="Saudi A-la-pek – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Saudi A-la-pek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%99%D2%93%D2%AF%D0%B4_%D2%92%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Сәғүд Ғәрәбстаны – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сәғүд Ғәрәбстаны" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудаўская Аравія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Саудаўская Аравія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудаўская Арабія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Саудаўская Арабія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabya" title="Saudi Arabya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Saudi Arabya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arebia" title="Saudi Arebia – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saudi Arebia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудитска Арабия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Саудитска Арабия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabien" title="Saudi Arabien – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Saudi Arabien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="སའུ་དི་ཨ་ར་པི་ཡ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སའུ་དི་ཨ་ར་པི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saoudat" title="Arabia Saoudat – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arabia Saoudat" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Саудай Арави – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Саудай Арави" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0bia_Saudita" title="Aràbia Saudita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aràbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Сауд Аравийĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сауд Аравийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudinhong_Arabiya" title="Saudinhong Arabiya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Saudinhong Arabiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%BAdsk%C3%A1_Ar%C3%A1bie" title="Saúdská Arábie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Saúdská Arábie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudhi_Arabhia" title="Saudhi Arabhia – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Saudhi Arabhia" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawdi_Arabia" title="Sawdi Arabia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sawdi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="السعودية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="السعودية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%AB%DE%8B%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%94%DE%A7" title="ސައޫދީ އަރަބިއްޔާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސައޫދީ އަރަބިއްޔާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah_Ntsaa%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah Ntsaaígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah Ntsaaígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabska" title="Saudi-Arabska – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Saudi-Arabska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8B" title="སའུ་དི་ཨེ་ར་སྦི་ཡ་ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="སའུ་དི་ཨེ་ར་སྦི་ཡ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Araabia" title="Saudi Araabia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saudi Araabia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Σαουδική Αραβία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαουδική Αραβία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудовонь Аравия – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Саудовонь Аравия" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda_Arabio" title="Sauda Arabio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sauda Arabio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="عربستان سعودی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عربستان سعودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiarabia" title="Saudiarabia – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Saudiarabia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arabie saoudite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%BBdy-Araabje" title="Saûdy-Araabje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Saûdy-Araabje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarabe_Sawdiyanke" title="Aarabe Sawdiyanke – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Aarabe Sawdiyanke" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Araib_Sh%C3%A1dach" title="An Araib Shádach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Araib Shádach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Araab_Saudi" title="Yn Araab Saudi – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Araab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiya" title="Saudi Arabiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Saudi Arabiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0ibia_nan_Sabhd" title="Aràibia nan Sabhd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Aràibia nan Sabhd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="СаӀудий Ӏарбий мохк – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="СаӀудий Ӏарбий мохк" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%89%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="સાઉદી અરેબિયા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સાઉદી અરેબિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सौदी अरेबिया – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सौदी अरेबिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%C3%82-l%C3%A2-pak" title="Saudi Â-lâ-pak – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Saudi Â-lâ-pak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B0%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="사우디아라비아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사우디아라비아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arebiya" title="Saudi Arebiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Saudi Arebiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%CA%BBAlapia" title="Saudi ʻAlapia – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Saudi ʻAlapia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սաուդյան Արաբիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սաուդյան Արաբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawdi-Arabska" title="Sawdi-Arabska – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sawdi-Arabska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC" title="সৌদি আরব – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সৌদি আরব" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B1" title="Сауды Арабб – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сауды Арабб" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1di-Arab%C3%ADa" title="Sádi-Arabía – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sádi-Arabía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ערב הסעודית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ערב הסעודית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabii-Sah%CA%8Aditi" title="Arabii-Sahʊditi – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Arabii-Sahʊditi" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಸೌದಿ ಅರೇಬಿಯಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೌದಿ ಅರೇಬಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudita_Arabia" title="Saudita Arabia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Saudita Arabia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сауд Арабия – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Сауд Арабия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საუდის არაბეთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საუდის არაბეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%97%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سوٗدی عرب – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سوٗدی عرب" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saud%C3%ABjsk%C3%B4_Arabij%C3%B4" title="Saudëjskô Arabijô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Saudëjskô Arabijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Сауд Арабиясы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сауд Арабиясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Saoudek" title="Arabi Saoudek – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Arabi Saoudek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiya_Sawudite" title="Arabiya Sawudite – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Arabiya Sawudite" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudia" title="Saudia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Saudia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудса Аравия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Саудса Аравия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Sawoudit" title="Arabi Sawoudit – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Arabi Sawoudit" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Saoudit" title="Arabi Saoudit – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Arabi Saoudit" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erebistana_Si%C3%BBd%C3%AE" title="Erebistana Siûdî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Erebistana Siûdî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Сауд Арабиясы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сауд Арабиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_di_Saudi" title="Arabia di Saudi – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Arabia di Saudi" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Саоьдуллал Аьрабусттан – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Саоьдуллал Аьрабусттан" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C5%ABda_Ar%C4%81bija" title="Saūda Arābija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saūda Arābija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сауди Арабистан – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Сауди Арабистан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudo_Arabija" title="Saudo Arabija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saudo Arabija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saud%C3%AFa" title="Arabia Saudïa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Arabia Saudïa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudi" title="Arabia Saudi – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arabia Saudi" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabii" title="Saudi Arabii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Saudi Arabii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/djogu%27e" title="djogu'e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="djogu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sza%C3%BAd-Ar%C3%A1bia" title="Szaúd-Arábia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szaúd-Arábia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Саудиска Арабија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Саудиска Арабија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saodita" title="Arabia Saodita – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Arabia Saodita" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="സൗദി അറേബ്യ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൗദി അറേബ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabja_Sawdija" title="Arabja Sawdija – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Arabja Sawdija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauti_Ar%C4%81pia" title="Hauti Arāpia – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hauti Arāpia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सौदी अरेबिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सौदी अरेबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საუდიშ არაბეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="საუდიშ არაბეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87" title="المملكه العربيه السعوديه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المملكه العربيه السعوديه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="سعودی عربستون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سعودی عربستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8E%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%C4%80-l%C3%A1-b%C3%A1ik" title="Saudi Ā-lá-báik – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Saudi Ā-lá-báik" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудонь Арабия – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Саудонь Арабия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Саудын Араб – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Саудын Араб" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆော်ဒီအာရေးဘီးယားနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆော်ဒီအာရေးဘီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="साउदी अरबिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साउदी अरबिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="サウジアラビア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サウジアラビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9B%DF%8E%DF%B0%DF%98%DF%8E%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%AB" title="ߛߎ߰ߘߎ߬ߟߊ߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߛߎ߰ߘߎ߬ߟߊ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="СаӀудийн Ӏаьрбийчоь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="СаӀудийн Ӏаьрбийчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Araabien" title="Saudi-Araabien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Saudi-Araabien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Erabia" title="Saudi Erabia – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Saudi Erabia" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_Saudi" title="Arabie Saudi – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Arabie Saudi" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Сауд Аравий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сауд Аравий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BF_%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AC" title="ସାଉଦି ଆରବ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାଉଦି ଆରବ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%27ud_Arabiyaa" title="Sa'ud Arabiyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sa'ud Arabiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiya_Arabistoni" title="Saudiya Arabistoni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Saudiya Arabistoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC" title="ਸਾਊਦੀ ਅਰਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਊਦੀ ਅਰਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_arabia" title="Saudi arabia – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Saudi arabia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="သော်ဒီအာရေးဗီးယားခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သော်ဒီအာရေးဗီးယားခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سعودي عربستان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سعودي عربستان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_Ariebia" title="Saadi Ariebia – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Saadi Ariebia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8F" title="អារ៉ាប៊ីសាអ៊ូឌីត – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អារ៉ាប៊ីសាអ៊ូឌីត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Arabie saoudite" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saodita" title="Arabia Saodita – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Arabia Saodita" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudyjska" title="Arabia Saudyjska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arabia Saudyjska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiya_Arabstan%C4%B1" title="Saudiya Arabstanı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Saudiya Arabstanı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiy_Arabistan" title="Saudiy Arabistan – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Saudiy Arabistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudit%C4%83" title="Arabia Saudită – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arabia Saudită" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawutya_Arapya" title="Sawutya Arapya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sawutya Arapya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудьска Арабія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Саудьска Арабія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудовская Аравия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саудовская Аравия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Сауд Арабията – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сауд Арабията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0bia_Saudita" title="Aràbia Saudita – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Aràbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabie" title="Saudi Arabie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Saudi Arabie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudite" title="Arabia Saudite – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Arabia Saudite" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabbia_Saudita" title="Arabbia Saudita – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Arabbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="සෞදි අරාබිය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෞදි අරාබිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودي عرب – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سعودي عرب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Arabhiya" title="I-Arabhiya – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="I-Arabhiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudsk%C3%A1_Ar%C3%A1bia" title="Saudská Arábia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Saudská Arábia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudova_Arabija" title="Saudova Arabija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Saudova Arabija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudyjsk%C5%8F_Arabij%C5%8F" title="Saudyjskŏ Arabijŏ – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Saudyjskŏ Arabijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacuudi_Carabiya" title="Sacuudi Carabiya – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sacuudi Carabiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="عەرەبستانی سعوودی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عەرەبستانی سعوودی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Саудијска Арабија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Саудијска Арабија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saudiarabien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="சவூதி அரேபியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சவூதி அரேபியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagldit_Tasa%C9%9Budit" title="Tagldit Tasaɛudit – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tagldit Tasaɛudit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C9%9Budiya" title="Suɛudiya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Suɛudiya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_Saudite" title="Arabie Saudite – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Arabie Saudite" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Согуд Гарәбстаны – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Согуд Гарәбстаны" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းသေႃႇတီႇဢႃႇရေးပီးယႃး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသေႃႇတီႇဢႃႇရေးပီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_arabia" title="Saudi arabia – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Saudi arabia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సౌదీ అరేబియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సౌదీ అరేబియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซาอุดีอาระเบีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศซาอุดีอาระเบีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%91%E1%8B%B2_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A5" title="ስዑዲ ዓረብ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ስዑዲ ዓረብ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D3%A3" title="Арабистони Саудӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арабистони Саудӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauti_%CA%BBAlepea" title="Sauti ʻAlepea – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Sauti ʻAlepea" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8C%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%97_%E1%8E%A1%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%88%E1%8E%A0" title="ᏌᎤᏗ ᎡᎴᏈᎠ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏌᎤᏗ ᎡᎴᏈᎠ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suudi_Arabistan" title="Suudi Arabistan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suudi Arabistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saud_Arabystan" title="Saud Arabystan – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Saud Arabystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%CC%B1udi_A%CC%B1rabya" title="Sa̱udi A̱rabya – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sa̱udi A̱rabya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сауд Аравия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сауд Аравия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%85_%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%89%E1%A8%97" title="ᨕᨑᨅ ᨔᨕᨘᨉᨗ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨑᨅ ᨔᨕᨘᨉᨗ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудівська Аравія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саудівська Аравія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%A6%DB%87%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سەئۇدى ئەرەبىستان – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەئۇدى ئەرەبىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Ahlazbwz" title="Saudi Ahlazbwz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Saudi Ahlazbwz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saud%C3%ACa" title="Arabia Saudìa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Arabia Saudìa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudan_Arabii" title="Saudan Arabii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Saudan Arabii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp_X%C3%AA_%C3%9At" title="Ả Rập Xê Út – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ả Rập Xê Út" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda-Larab%C3%A4n" title="Sauda-Larabän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sauda-Larabän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Araabia" title="Saudi Araabia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Saudi Araabia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabi_Sawdit" title="Araabi Sawdit – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Araabi Sawdit" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סאודי אראביע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאודי אראביע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1%C3%BAd%C3%AD_Ar%C3%A1b%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Sáúdí Arábíà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sáúdí Arábíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙地阿拉伯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="沙地阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ereb%C4%B1stan%C3%AA_Seudi" title="Erebıstanê Seudi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Erebıstanê Seudi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Araobi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Araobië – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Saoedi-Araobië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda_Arab%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Sauda Arabėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sauda Arabėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawudi_Arebia" title="Sawudi Arebia – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Sawudi Arebia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99udi_%C6%8Fr%C9%99bistan" title="Səudi Ərəbistan – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Səudi Ərəbistan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%84%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵄⵓⴷⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q851#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9689576">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8087921">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name"><div style="line-height:1.33em;">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia </div></div><div class="ib-country-names"><div style="line-height:1.33em;"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">المملكة العربية السعودية</span></span><br /><i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Mamlaka al-‘Arabiyya as-Su‘ūdiyya</i></span></i></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Flag of Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/125px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/188px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/250px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Emblem of Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="662" /></a></span></div> <div>Emblem</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b><span class="nowrap"><span style="font-size: 120%;">لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله</span></span><br />"<span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Lā ʾilāha ʾillāl–lāh, Muhammadun rasūl allāh</i></span>" <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">"There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God."<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Shahada</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">السلام الملكي</span></span> (as an instrumental)<br />"<a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="National Anthem of Saudi Arabia">as-Salâm al-Malaki</a>"<br /><span 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=sl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sl" label="slovenščina ‪(sl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=ta&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ta" label="தமிழ் ‪(ta)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASaudi_Arabian_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體） ‪(zh-hant)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption>Aash Al Maleek (instrumental)</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Saudi_Arabia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Location of Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Saudi_Arabia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Saudi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Islamic_state" title="Islamic state">Islamic</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Prince">Crown Prince</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_bin_Salman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad bin Salman">Mohammad bin Salman</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#The_monarchy_and_the_royal_family">None</a> - legislation by king's decree.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of Saudi Arabia">Establishment</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#From_the_foundation_of_the_State_to_the_present">Kingdom founded</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">23 September 1932<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,250,000 km<sup>2</sup> (870,000 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">12th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.7</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2024 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">41,344,786<sup id="cite_ref-Central_Department_Of_Statistics_&_information_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Central_Department_Of_Statistics_&_information-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">34th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">12/km<sup>2</sup> (31.1/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">216th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6670383">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2024 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$3.059 trillion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$24,056.715</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6670383"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2024 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$2.094 trillion</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$19,890.183</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6670383"><span class="nobold">(2011)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.770<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="color:forestgreen">high</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">56th</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_riyal" title="Saudi riyal">Saudi riyal</a> (SR) (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">SAR</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3</span> (AST)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3</span> ((not observed))</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Driving side</a></th><td class="infobox-data">right</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Calling code</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telephone_numbers_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">+966</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-2:SA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-2:SA (not yet started)">SA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.sa" class="mw-redirect" title=".sa">.sa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="السعودية. (not yet started)">السعودية.</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Saudi Arabia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> officially known as the <b>Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a country in <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" title="Western Asia">West Asia</a> including most of the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>. The land area is approximately 2,150,000 km<sup>2</sup> (830,000 sq mi), so Saudi Arabia is geographically the 5th-largest state in <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> and 2nd-largest state in the <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab world</a> after <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>. Saudi Arabia is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> to the northeast, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> to the southeast, and <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> to the south. It is separated from <a href="/wiki/Palestine" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> by The Red sea. It is the only nation with both a <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> coast and the Arabian Gulf coast, and most of its land is dry and barren. Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Arabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometimes called "the Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Al-Masjid al-Haram</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">Al-Masjid an-Nabawi</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>), the two holiest places in Islam. <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> is the exclusive <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a> in Saudi Arabia. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a> is the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice of non-Islamic religions is not allowed in public but it's allowed in private.<sup id="cite_ref-irf2010_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irf2010-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hanbali" title="Hanbali">Hanbali</a> school of faith has a big influence, and the ultra-conservative <a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a> religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture". </p><p>Saudi Arabia is the largest state in western <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> by land area (most of the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>) and the second-largest in the <a href="/wiki/Arab_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab World">Arab World</a>. It has an estimated population of 27 million, of which 8.8 million are registered foreign expatriates and an estimated 1.5 million are <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigrant">illegal immigrants</a>. Saudi nationals comprise an estimated 16 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-American_Bedu_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_Bedu-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saudi Arabia has the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> reserves and is the world's largest oil <a href="/wiki/Export" title="Export">exporter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oil accounts for more than 90% of exports and nearly 75% of government revenues, facilitating the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> groups such as <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> have expressed concern about the state of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human rights in Saudi Arabia">human rights in Saudi Arabia</a>. </p><p>Saudi Arabia has cities that are important to the Muslim <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>. Many Muslims from around the world visit <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> in Saudi Arabia to make a <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimage</a>. The pilgrimage is one of the "pillars of Islam". Other big cities are <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a>. The pilgrimage is called <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">hajj</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>. Somebody who makes a pilgrimage to Mecca is called a <i>hajj</i> in the Arabic language. People who are not Muslim are not allowed to enter Mecca. </p><p>Most people speak the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">currency</a> of Saudi Arabia is referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Riyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Riyal">Saudi Riyal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of Saudi Arabia">History of Saudi Arabia</a></div> <p>The area of modern-day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of four distinct regions: <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, Najd, and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. The country has since been an absolute monarchy, governed along Islamic lines. </p><p>The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia">Abdul-Aziz bin Saud</a> (known for most of his career as <i>Ibn Saud</i>) in 1932. The conquests which eventually led to the creation of the Kingdom began in 1902 when he captured <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, the ancestral home of his family, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Saud" title="House of Saud">House of Saud</a>. The Saudi Arabian government, which is an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a>, refers to its system of government as being <a href="/wiki/Islamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic">Islamic</a>. It has a strong basis in <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" title="Wahhabi">Wahhabism</a>, a minority school of thought in Islam. The kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Masjid al-Nabawi">Masjid al-Nabawi</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>), the two holiest places in <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Politics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Politics"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iqra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/230px-Iqra.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/345px-Iqra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/460px-Iqra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>Verses from the Quran. The <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> is the official constitution of the country and a primary source of law. Arabia is unique in enshrining a religious text as a political document</figcaption></figure> <p>Saudi Arabia is an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cavendish78_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cavendish78-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia adopted by royal decree in 1992, the king must comply with <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> (Islamic law) and the <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a>, while the Quran and the <a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a> (the traditions of Muhammad) are declared to be the country's constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-Gerhard_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gerhard-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary source of law is the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> derived from the teachings of the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a> (the traditions of the Prophet).<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi Arabia is unique among modern Muslim states in that Sharia is not <a href="/wiki/Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)">codified</a> and there is no system of judicial precedent, giving judges the power to use independent legal reasoning to make a decision. Saudi judges tend to follow the principles of the <a href="/wiki/Hanbali" title="Hanbali">Hanbali</a> school of jurisprudence (or <i><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">fiqh</a></i>) found in pre-modern texts<sup id="cite_ref-Haffner58_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haffner58-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and noted for its literalist interpretation of the Qur'an and <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the judge is empowered to disregard previous judgments (either his own or of other judges) and may apply his personal interpretation of Sharia to any particular case, divergent judgements arise even in apparently identical cases,<sup id="cite_ref-Sharia_Inc_Courts_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sharia_Inc_Courts-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making predictability of legal interpretation difficult.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sharia court system constitutes the basic judiciary of Saudi Arabia and its judges (qadi) and lawyers form part of the ulema, the country's Islamic scholars. </p><p>Royal decrees are the other main source of law; but are referred to as <i>regulations</i> rather than <i>laws</i> because they are subordinate to the Sharia.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Royal decrees supplement Sharia in areas such as labor, commercial and corporate law. Additionally, traditional tribal law and custom remain significant.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extra-Sharia government tribunals usually handle disputes relating to specific royal decrees.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Final appeal from both Sharia courts and government tribunals is to the King and all courts and tribunals follow Sharia rules of evidence and procedure.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell268_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell268-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Culture"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Saudi Arabia, music and dance are important parts of life. People usually sing traditional songs together with <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a>. They play instruments like the rabābah, which is similar to a three-string <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Percussion_instrument" title="Percussion instrument">percussion instruments</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">ṭabl</a> (drum) and the ṭār (<a href="/wiki/Tambourine" title="Tambourine">tambourine</a>). The country's national dance is <a href="/wiki/Ardah" title="Ardah">Ardah</a>, a sword dance from Najd. Men form lines or circles and sing poetry while performing it.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouin</a> poetry, known as nabaṭī, is also well-liked.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 1985, a <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a> festival named <a href="/wiki/Jenadriyah" title="Jenadriyah">Jenadriyah</a> is celebrated once every year, for two weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women">Women</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Women" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Women"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Women_and_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Women and Islam">Women and Islam</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/250px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/375px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/500px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A Saudi woman wearing a traditional <a href="/wiki/Niqab" class="mw-redirect" title="Niqab">niqab</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">hijab</a> is a traditional Islamic norm whereby women are required "to draw their outer garments around them (when they go out or are among men)" and dress in a modest manner.<sup id="cite_ref-hijab_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hijab-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi Arabia is different from many Islamic societies in the extent of the covering that it considers Islamically correct hijab (everything except the hands and eyes) and the fact that covering is enforced by <i>Mutaween</i> or religious police. </p><p>Among unrelated men, women must cover the parts of the body that are awrah (private). In much of Islam, a women's face is not considered awrah. In Saudi Arabia and some other Arab states, all of the body is considered awrah except the hands and eyes. Accordingly, most women are expected to wear the <a href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">hijab</a> (head covering), a full black cloak called an abaya, and a face-veil called <a href="/wiki/Niqab" class="mw-redirect" title="Niqab">niqab</a>. Many historians and Islamic scholars argue that the <a href="/wiki/Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran">Quran</a> was interpreted to require the veil as part of adapting it to tribal traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Geography" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Geography"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/220px-Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/330px-Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/440px-Deserts_of_saudi_arabia_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Deserts of Saudi Arabia - panoramio (5)</figcaption></figure> <p>Saudi Arabia is home to the largest mass of sand on earth,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> known as the Rub-al Khali desert (Rub-al Khali means "empty quarter"). The <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a> is very <a href="/wiki/Heat" title="Heat">hot</a>. There are almost no rivers or lakes in the country. There are many <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wadis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wadis (not yet started)">wadis</a>. </p><p>The countries of <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> are <a href="/wiki/South" title="South">south</a> of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is <a href="/wiki/West" title="West">west</a> of <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>. All of these countries, except Jordan and Iraq, make the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>. </p><p>Animal life includes <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyena" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyena">hyenas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongooses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baboon" title="Baboon">baboons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hare" title="Hare">hares</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sand_rat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sand rat (not yet started)">sand rats</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerboas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerboas (not yet started)">jerboas</a>. There used to be many larger animals such as <a href="/wiki/Gazelle" title="Gazelle">gazelles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oryx" title="Oryx">oryx</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">leopards</a>. By the 1950s hunting from motor vehicles made these animals almost <a href="/wiki/Extinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Extinct">extinct</a>. Birds include falcons (which are caught and trained for hunting), eagles, hawks, vultures, sand grouse and <a href="/wiki/Bulbul" title="Bulbul">bulbuls</a>. There are several species of snakes, many of which are venomous, and numerous types of lizards. There is a wide variety of marine life in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>. Domesticated animals include camels, sheep, goats, donkeys, and chickens. </p><p>Because it is mostly a desert Saudi Arabia’s plant life is mostly small herbs and shrubs that need little water. There are a few small areas of grass and trees in southern Asir. The <a href="/wiki/Date_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Date (fruit)">date</a> palm (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>) is widespread. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provinces">Provinces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Provinces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Provinces"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 <a href="/wiki/Province" title="Province">provinces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The provinces are divided into 118 governorates. </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>No.</th> <th>Region</th> <th>Capital </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saudi_Arabia,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/400px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/600px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/800px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1802" data-file-height="1501" /></a><figcaption>Provinces of Saudi Arabia</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jawf_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jawf Province (not yet started)">Al Jawf (or Jouf)</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jawf,_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jawf, Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Sakaka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Borders_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Borders Region (not yet started)">Northern Borders</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arar,_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arar, Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Arar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabuk_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabuk Province (not yet started)">Tabuk</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabuk,_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabuk, Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Tabuk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ha%27il_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ha'il Province (not yet started)">Ha'il</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ha%27il&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ha'il (not yet started)">Ha'il</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Madinah_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Madinah Province (not yet started)">Al Madinah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Qassim_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Qassim Province">Al Qasim</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buraidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buraidah (not yet started)">Buraidah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Makkah_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Makkah Province">Makkah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riyadh_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riyadh Province (not yet started)">Al Riyadh</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Province,_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Eastern Province</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Bahah_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Bahah Province (not yet started)">Al Bahah (or Baha)</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Bahah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Bahah (not yet started)">Al Bahah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%27Asir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="'Asir (not yet started)">Asir</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abha (not yet started)">Abha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jizan_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jizan Province (not yet started)">Jizan</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jizan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jizan (not yet started)">Jizan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Najran_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najran Province (not yet started)">Najran</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Najran" title="Najran">Najran</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities">Cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: Cities" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Cities"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These are the largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of settlements in Saudi Arabia">cities</a> in Saudi Arabia. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-right:auto; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center"><b>Largest cities by population</b><br /><small>(2007)</small> </th> <th><br /><small>mill.</small> </th> <th rowspan="4"> </th> <th rowspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeddah_Seafront.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Jeddah_Seafront.jpg/145px-Jeddah_Seafront.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Jeddah_Seafront.jpg/218px-Jeddah_Seafront.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Jeddah_Seafront.jpg/290px-Jeddah_Seafront.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="255" /></a></span> </th> <th rowspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg/145px-The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg/218px-The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg/290px-The_Holy_Mosque_in_Mecca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></b></td> <td>8.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></b></td> <td>4.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a></b></td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></b></td> <td>1.3</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a></b></td> <td>2.5</td> <td rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_Medina.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Modern_Medina.JPG/145px-Modern_Medina.JPG" decoding="async" width="145" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Modern_Medina.JPG/218px-Modern_Medina.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Modern_Medina.JPG/290px-Modern_Medina.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></td> <td rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Housing_Dammam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Housing_Dammam.jpg/145px-Housing_Dammam.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Housing_Dammam.jpg/218px-Housing_Dammam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Housing_Dammam.jpg/290px-Housing_Dammam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></td> <td rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG/145px-Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG" decoding="async" width="145" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG/218px-Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG/290px-Abha_from_Abha_Palace_Hotel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="691" data-file-height="461" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></b></td> <td>0.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buraydah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buraydah (not yet started)">Buraydah</a></b></td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabuk,_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabuk, Saudi Arabia (not yet started)">Tabuk</a></b></td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abha (not yet started)">Abha</a></b></td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khamis_Mushait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khamis Mushait (not yet started)">Khamis Mushait</a></b></td> <td>0.4</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a></td> <td align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abha (not yet started)">Abha</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Notes"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">shahada</a></i> (statement of faith) is sometimes translated into English as "There is no god but Allah", using the <a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">romanization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> word "<i><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a></i>" instead of its translation. The Arabic word "<i>Allah</i>" literally translates as <i>the God</i>, as the prefix "Al-" is the definite article.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><span style="font-size: 120%;">السعودية</span></span> <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">as-Su‘ūdiyya</i></span></i> or <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">as-Sa‘ūdiyya</i></span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><span style="font-size: 120%;">المملكة العربية السعودية</span></span> <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Mamlaka al-‘Arabiyya as-Su‘ūdiyya</i></span></i>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="unicode haudio"><span class="fn"><span style="white-space:nowrap;margin-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ar-Kingdom_Saudi_Arabia.oga" title="About this sound"><img alt="audio speaker icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Ar-Kingdom_Saudi_Arabia.oga" class="internal" title="Ar-Kingdom Saudi Arabia.oga">Arabic pronunciation</a></span> <small class="metadata audiolinkinfo" style="cursor:help;">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" title="Wikipedia:Media help"><span style="cursor:help;">help</span></a>·<a href="/wiki/File:Ar-Kingdom_Saudi_Arabia.oga" title="File:Ar-Kingdom Saudi Arabia.oga"><span style="cursor:help;">info</span></a>)</small></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724317"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190106215853/https://www.saudiembassy.net/about/country-information/facts_and_figures/%20">"About Saudi Arabia: Facts and figures"</a>. The royal embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington, D.C., United States. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/about/country-information/facts_and_figures/">the original</a> on 2019-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Facts+and+figures&rft.pub=The+royal+embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.%2C+United+States&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Fabout%2Fcountry-information%2Ffacts_and_figures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html">"God"</a>. <i>Islam: Empire of Faith</i>. PBS.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islam%3A+Empire+of+Faith&rft.atitle=God&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fempires%2Fislam%2Ffaithgod.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Islam and Christianity", <i>Encyclopedia of Christianity</i> (2001): Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews also refer to God as <i>Allah</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFL._Gardet" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">L. Gardet. "Allah". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Allah&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+Online&rft.au=L.+Gardet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191021081251/http://www.saudia-online.com/saudi_arabia.htm">"Saudi Arabia the country in Brief"</a>. Saudia-online.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudia-online.com/saudi_arabia.htm">the original</a> on 2019-10-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+the+country+in+Brief&rft.pub=Saudia-online.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudia-online.com%2Fsaudi_arabia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Central_Department_Of_Statistics_&_information-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Central_Department_Of_Statistics_&_information_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php">Central Department Of Statistics & information</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922233255/http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php">Archived</a> 2012-09-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> as updated 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2009&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=&pr.x=53&pr.y=13">"Saudi Arabia"</a>. International Monetary Fund<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2011%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fsy%3D2009%26ey%3D2016%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D456%26s%3DNGDPD%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPGDP%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D%26pr.x%3D53%26pr.y%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf">"HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United Nations. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HDRO+%28Human+Development+Report+Office%29+United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FHDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111201752/http://www.sauditourism.sa/en/About/Pages/c-cultureDimension.aspx">"Cultural Dimension of Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>sauditourism</i>. sauditourism. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sauditourism.sa/en/About/Pages/c-cultureDimension.aspx">the original</a> on 11 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sauditourism&rft.atitle=Cultural+Dimension+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sauditourism.sa%2Fen%2FAbout%2FPages%2Fc-cultureDimension.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shura.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/ShuraEn/internet/Laws+and+Regulations/The+Basic+Law+Of+Government/Chapter+One/">"The Basic Law of Government, Chapter one"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Basic+Law+of+Government%2C+Chapter+one&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shura.gov.sa%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2FShuraEn%2Finternet%2FLaws%2Band%2BRegulations%2FThe%2BBasic%2BLaw%2BOf%2BGovernment%2FChapter%2BOne%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-irf2010-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-irf2010_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2010/148843.htm">"International Religious Freedom Report 2010: Saudi Arabia"</a>. U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2010%3A+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State%2C+Bureau+of+Democracy%2C+Human+Rights%2C+and+Labor&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2010%2F148843.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-American_Bedu-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-American_Bedu_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111020165223/http://americanbedu.com/2009/06/06/the-expatriate-population-in-saudi-arabia/">"Saudi Arabia"</a>. American Bedu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanbedu.com/2009/06/06/the-expatriate-population-in-saudi-arabia/">the original</a> on 20 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=American+Bedu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanbedu.com%2F2009%2F06%2F06%2Fthe-expatriate-population-in-saudi-arabia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSoldatkin,_VladimirNastassia_Astrasheuskaya2011" class="citation news cs1">Soldatkin, Vladimir; Nastassia Astrasheuskaya (November 9, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018115809/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/09/russia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109">"Saudi Arabia to overtake Russia as top oil producer-IEA"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/09/russia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109">the original</a> on 18 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+to+overtake+Russia+as+top+oil+producer-IEA&rft.date=2011-11-09&rft.au=Soldatkin%2C+Vladimir&rft.au=Nastassia+Astrasheuskaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F11%2F09%2Frussia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110824235352/http://portal.mofa.gov.sa/Detail.asp?InSectionID=1516&InNewsItemID=1746">"The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia – A Welfare State"</a>. Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.mofa.gov.sa/Detail.asp?InSectionID=1516&InNewsItemID=1746">the original</a> on 24 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Kingdom+Of+Saudi+Arabia+%E2%80%93+A+Welfare+State&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia%2C+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.mofa.gov.sa%2FDetail.asp%3FInSectionID%3D1516%26InNewsItemID%3D1746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFStaff" class="citation web cs1">Staff, Communicate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.communicateonline.me/category/brand-studio/post-details/the-emerging-trends-shaping-the-future-of-brands-in-saudi-arabia">"The Emerging Trends Shaping the Future of Brands in Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>www.communicateonline.me</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.communicateonline.me&rft.atitle=The+Emerging+Trends+Shaping+the+Future+of+Brands+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.aulast=Staff&rft.aufirst=Communicate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.communicateonline.me%2Fcategory%2Fbrand-studio%2Fpost-details%2Fthe-emerging-trends-shaping-the-future-of-brands-in-saudi-arabia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cavendish78-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish78_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>World and Its Peoples: the Arabian Peninsula</i>. Marshall Cavendish. 2007. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2"><bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+and+Its+Peoples%3A+the+Arabian+Peninsula&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gerhard-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gerhard_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFRobbers2007" class="citation book cs1">Robbers, Gerhard (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0002unse_m7d1"><i>Encyclopedia of world constitutions, Volume 1</i></a>. p. 791. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6078-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6078-8"><bdi>978-0-8160-6078-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+world+constitutions%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=791&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-6078-8&rft.aulast=Robbers&rft.aufirst=Gerhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofwo0002unse_m7d1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_21-0">18.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_21-1">18.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2007" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Christian (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=20jmw1C3H5UC&pg=PA265"><i>Legal Aspects of Doing Business in the Middle East</i></a>. Lulu.com. p. 265. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-1914-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-1914-6"><bdi>978-1-4303-1914-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legal+Aspects+of+Doing+Business+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=265&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4303-1914-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D20jmw1C3H5UC%26pg%3DPA265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haffner58-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Haffner58_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFHefner2011" class="citation book cs1">Hefner, Robert W. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shariapoliticsis00hefn"><i>Shari'a Politics: Islamic Law and Society in the Modern World</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shariapoliticsis00hefn/page/58">58</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-22310-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-22310-4"><bdi>978-0-253-22310-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shari%27a+Politics%3A+Islamic+Law+and+Society+in+the+Modern+World&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-253-22310-4&rft.aulast=Hefner&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshariapoliticsis00hefn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCampo2006" class="citation book cs1">Campo, Juan Eduardo (2006). <i>Encyclopedia of Islam</i>. Facts on File. p. 288. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-5454-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-5454-1"><bdi>978-0-8160-5454-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=288&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1&rft.aulast=Campo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Eduardo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharia_Inc_Courts-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sharia_Inc_Courts_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, pp. 161–162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFOxford_Business_Group2009" class="citation book cs1">Oxford Business Group (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gMPjxHzG1xQC&pg=PA202"><i>The Report: Saudi Arabia 2009</i></a>. Oxford Business Group. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-902339-00-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-902339-00-9"><bdi>978-1-902339-00-9</bdi></a>. <q>it is not always possible to reach a conclusion on how a Saudi court or judicial committee would view a particular case [because] decisions of a court or a judicial committee have no binding authority with respect to another case, [and] in general there is also no system of court reporting in the Kingdom.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Report%3A+Saudi+Arabia+2009&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-902339-00-9&rft.au=Oxford+Business+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgMPjxHzG1xQC%26pg%3DPA202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, p. 157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito1998" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John L. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islampolitics0000espo"><i>Islam and politics</i></a>. Syracuse University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islampolitics0000espo/page/110">110</a>–112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-2774-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-2774-6"><bdi>978-0-8156-2774-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+politics&rft.pages=110-112&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-2774-6&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislampolitics0000espo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell268-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell268_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2007" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Christian (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/legalaspectsofdo0000chri"><i>Legal Aspects of Doing Business in the Middle East</i></a>. Lulu.com. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/legalaspectsofdo0000chri/page/268">268</a>–269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-1914-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4303-1914-6"><bdi>978-1-4303-1914-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legal+Aspects+of+Doing+Business+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=268-269&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4303-1914-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flegalaspectsofdo0000chri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saudiarabesque.com/al-ardha-the-national-sword-dance-of-saudi-arabia/">"Al-Ardha – The National Sword Dance of Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>Saudi Arabesque</i>. 2016-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Arabesque&rft.atitle=Al-Ardha+%E2%80%93+The+National+Sword+Dance+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2016-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsaudiarabesque.com%2Fal-ardha-the-national-sword-dance-of-saudi-arabia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-0">27.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-1">27.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/culture-art">"Culture & Art | The Embassy of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>www.saudiembassy.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.saudiembassy.net&rft.atitle=Culture+%26+Art+%7C+The+Embassy+of+The+Kingdom+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Fculture-art&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hijab-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-hijab_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamswomen.com/hijab/hijab_suppression_or_liberation.php">"The Question of Hijab: Suppression Or Liberation?"</a>. islamswomen.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Question+of+Hijab%3A+Suppression+Or+Liberation%3F&rft.pub=islamswomen.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamswomen.com%2Fhijab%2Fhijab_suppression_or_liberation.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/beliefs/niqab_1.shtml">"Niqab"</a>. BBC. 3 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Niqab&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fbeliefs%2Fniqab_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullah_Atif_Samih2008" class="citation web cs1">Abdullah Atif Samih (7 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090923174252/http://islamqa.com/en/ref/21134/niqaab">"Do women have to wear niqaab?"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_Q%26A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam Q&A (not yet started)">Islam Q&A</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/21134/niqaab">the original</a> on 23 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Do+women+have+to+wear+niqaab%3F&rft.pub=Islam+Q%26A&rft.date=2008-03-07&rft.au=Abdullah+Atif+Samih&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamqa.com%2Fen%2Fref%2F21134%2Fniqaab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMunajjid2008" class="citation web cs1">Munajjid (7 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716175414/http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/100719/niqaab">"Shar'i description of hijab and niqaab"</a>. Islam Q&A. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/100719/niqaab">the original</a> on 16 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shar%27i+description+of+hijab+and+niqaab&rft.pub=Islam+Q%26A&rft.date=2008-03-07&rft.au=Munajjid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamqa.com%2Fen%2Fref%2F100719%2Fniqaab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218054958/http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/21536/niqaab">"Correct view on the ruling on covering the face"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/21536/niqaab">the original</a> on 18 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Correct+view+on+the+ruling+on+covering+the+face&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamqa.com%2Fen%2Fref%2F21536%2Fniqaab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFVincent2008" class="citation book cs1">Vincent, Peter (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ASU0hqhhtcEC&pg=PA141"><i>Saudi Arabia: an environmental overview</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-41387-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-41387-9"><bdi>978-0-415-41387-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+an+environmental+overview&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-415-41387-9&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DASU0hqhhtcEC%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arab.net/saudi/sa_admindivisions.htm">"Saudi Arabia: Administrative divisions"</a>. arab.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+Administrative+divisions&rft.pub=arab.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arab.net%2Fsaudi%2Fsa_admindivisions.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="padding:0.25em 0.5em 0.5em 0.75em;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#f9f9f9;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom:0.75em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><div style="clear:both;">Find more about<br /><b>Saudi Arabia</b><br />at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Sister projects">sister projects</a> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wiktionary"><img alt="Search Wiktionary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/23px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/46px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding-top:0.75em;"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Commons"><img alt="Search Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Category:Saudi Arabia">Media</a> from Commons </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wikinews"><img alt="Search Wikinews" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">News stories</a> from Wikinews </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wikiquote"><img alt="Search Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/21px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/42px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wikisource"><img alt="Search Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/48px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">Source texts</a> from Wikisource </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wikibooks"><img alt="Search Wikibooks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks </td></tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" title="Search Wikiversity"><img alt="Search Wikiversity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/25px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/38px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/50px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Special:Search/Saudi Arabia">Learning resources</a> from Wikiversity </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudi.gov.sa/wps/portal/espp">Saudi Arabia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161120090610/http://www.saudi.gov.sa/wps/portal/espp">Archived</a> 2016-11-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>official government website</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabisch.tv/tv/saudi-arabia/">Saudi TV channels (live streams)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Middle_East/Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Open_Directory_Project" title="Open Directory Project">Open Directory Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14702705">Saudi Arabia profile</a> from the <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> -Citizendium</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Saudi Arabia">Wikimedia Atlas of Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Countries</a> and territories of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>2</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="People's Republic of China">China (PRC)</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a><sup>5</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a><sup>3</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a><sup>3</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup>1</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Taiwan (ROC)</a><sup>4</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a><sup>5</sup>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>1. Includes territory in both <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. 2. Usually thought of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> for <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">political</a> and <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">historical</a> reasons. 3. Special territories. 4. Disputed territories. 5. Claimed by the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a>.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Middle_East" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Middle_East" title="Template:Middle East"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Middle_East" title="Template talk:Middle East"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Middle_East&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Middle_East" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Countries</a> and territories of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></i> <sup><small>1</small></sup> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> '<a href="/wiki/Palestine" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestine">State of Palestine</a> <sup><small>2</small></sup> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> <sup>3</sup> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <i><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)</i> <sup>4</sup> </span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup><small>1</small></sup> Only recognized by Turkey; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyprus_dispute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyprus dispute (not yet started)">Cyprus dispute</a>. <sup><small>2</small></sup> Self-ruled <a href="/wiki/Palestine" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestine">Palestine</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> Disputed territories. <sup><small>4</small></sup> Status disputed with <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arab_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122447"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab_League" title="Template:Arab League"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab_League" title="Template talk:Arab League"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Arab_League&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arab_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="*Category&#124;link=&#124;16x16px&#124;class=noviewer&#124;alt=_Arab_League_*List-Class_article&#124;link=&#124;16x16px&#124;class=noviewer&#124;alt=_Lists"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Arab League (not yet started)">Arab League</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lists of the Arab League (not yet started)">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of the Arab League (not yet started)">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charter_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charter of the Arab League (not yet started)">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Council of the Arab League (not yet started)">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag of the Arab League (not yet started)">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_the_Arab_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geography of the Arab world (not yet started)">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Headquarters_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Headquarters of the Arab League (not yet started)">Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Arab League (not yet started)">History</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military of the Arab League (not yet started)">Military</a></li> <li>Joint Defence Council</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Parliament (not yet started)">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Union (not yet started)">Arab Union</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/55px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/83px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/110px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Member_states_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Member states of the Arab League (not yet started)">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Peace_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Peace Initiative (not yet started)">Arab Peace Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_League_monitors_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab League monitors in Syria (not yet started)">Arab League monitors in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_League%E2%80%93European_Union_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab League–European Union relations (not yet started)">Arab League–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign relations of the Arab League (not yet started)">Foreign relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of the Arab League (not yet started)">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of the Arab League (not yet started)">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Arab_League_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Arab League countries by GDP (nominal) (not yet started)">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_and_Social_Council_(Arab_League)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic and Social Council (Arab League) (not yet started)">Economic and Social Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institutions_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institutions of the Arab League (not yet started)">Institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sport_policies_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sport policies of the Arab League (not yet started)">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Arabism" title="Pan-Arabism">Pan-Arabism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_of_Arab_National_Olympic_Committees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union of Arab National Olympic Committees (not yet started)">Union of Arab National Olympic Committees</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan_Arab_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan Arab Games (not yet started)">Pan Arab Games</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&oldid=9765384">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabia&oldid=9765384</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Current_monarchies" title="Category:Current 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