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navigation control</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: automatic navigation control"> <meta name="keywords" content="automatic navigation control"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="automatic navigation control"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11749</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: automatic navigation control</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11599</span> Design of an Automatic Bovine Feeding Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huseyin%20A.%20Yavasoglu">Huseyin A. Yavasoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Ziya%20Tengiz"> Yusuf Ziya Tengiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20G%C3%B6ksenli"> Ali Göksenli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an automatic feeding machine for different type and class of bovine animals is designed. Daily nutrition of a bovine consists of grass, corn, straw, silage, oat, wheat and different vitamins and minerals. The amount and mixture amount of each of the nutrition depends on different parameters of the bovine. These parameters are; age, sex, weight and maternity of the bovine, also outside temperature. The problem in a farm is to constitute the correct mixture and amount of nutrition for each animal. Faulty nutrition will cause an insufficient feeding of the animal concluding in an unhealthy bovine. To solve this problem, a new automatic feeding machine is designed. Travelling of the machine is performed by four tires, which is pulled by a tractor. The carrier consists of eight bins, which each of them carries a nutrition type. Capacity of each unit is 250 kg. At the bottom of each chamber is a sensor measuring the weight of the food inside. A funnel is at the bottom of each chamber by which open/close function is controlled by a valve. Each animal will carry a RFID tag including ID on its ear. A receiver on the feeding machine will read this ID and by given previous information by the operator (veterinarian), the system will detect the amount of each nutrition unit which will be given to the selected animal for feeding. In the system, each bin will open its exit gate by the help of the valve under the control of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The amount of each nutrition type will be controlled by measuring the open/close time. The exit canals of the bins are collected in a reservoir. To achieve a homogenous nitration, the collected feed will be mixed by a worm gear. Further the mixture will be transported by a help of a funnel to the feeding unit of the animal. The feeding process can be performed in 100 seconds. After feeding of the animal, the tractor pulls the travelling machine to the next animal. By the help of this system animals can be feeded by right amount and mixture of nutrition <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bovine" title="bovine">bovine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeding" title=" feeding"> feeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic" title=" automatic"> automatic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35658/design-of-an-automatic-bovine-feeding-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11598</span> Trajectory Optimization for Autonomous Deep Space Missions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Schattel">Anne Schattel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitja%20Echim"> Mitja Echim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christof%20B%C3%BCskens"> Christof Büskens</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Trajectory planning for deep space missions has become a recent topic of great interest. Flying to space objects like asteroids provides two main challenges. One is to find rare earth elements, the other to gain scientific knowledge of the origin of the world. Due to the enormous spatial distances such explorer missions have to be performed unmanned and autonomously. The mathematical field of optimization and optimal control can be used to realize autonomous missions while protecting recourses and making them safer. The resulting algorithms may be applied to other, earth-bound applications like e.g. deep sea navigation and autonomous driving as well. The project KaNaRiA ('Kognitionsbasierte, autonome Navigation am Beispiel des Ressourcenabbaus im All') investigates the possibilities of cognitive autonomous navigation on the example of an asteroid mining mission, including the cruise phase and approach as well as the asteroid rendezvous, landing and surface exploration. To verify and test all methods an interactive, real-time capable simulation using virtual reality is developed under KaNaRiA. This paper focuses on the specific challenge of the guidance during the cruise phase of the spacecraft, i.e. trajectory optimization and optimal control, including first solutions and results. In principle there exist two ways to solve optimal control problems (OCPs), the so called indirect and direct methods. The indirect methods are being studied since several decades and their usage needs advanced skills regarding optimal control theory. The main idea of direct approaches, also known as transcription techniques, is to transform the infinite-dimensional OCP into a finite-dimensional non-linear optimization problem (NLP) via discretization of states and controls. These direct methods are applied in this paper. The resulting high dimensional NLP with constraints can be solved efficiently by special NLP methods, e.g. sequential quadratic programming (SQP) or interior point methods (IP). The movement of the spacecraft due to gravitational influences of the sun and other planets, as well as the thrust commands, is described through ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The competitive mission aims like short flight times and low energy consumption are considered by using a multi-criteria objective function. The resulting non-linear high-dimensional optimization problems are solved by using the software package WORHP ('We Optimize Really Huge Problems'), a software routine combining SQP at an outer level and IP to solve underlying quadratic subproblems. An application-adapted model of impulsive thrusting, as well as a model of an electrically powered spacecraft propulsion system, is introduced. Different priorities and possibilities of a space mission regarding energy cost and flight time duration are investigated by choosing different weighting factors for the multi-criteria objective function. Varying mission trajectories are analyzed and compared, both aiming at different destination asteroids and using different propulsion systems. For the transcription, the robust method of full discretization is used. The results strengthen the need for trajectory optimization as a foundation for autonomous decision making during deep space missions. Simultaneously they show the enormous increase in possibilities for flight maneuvers by being able to consider different and opposite mission objectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20space%20navigation" title="deep space navigation">deep space navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidance" title=" guidance"> guidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective" title=" multi-objective"> multi-objective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20optimization" title=" non-linear optimization"> non-linear optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory%20planning." title=" trajectory planning."> trajectory planning.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35765/trajectory-optimization-for-autonomous-deep-space-missions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11597</span> Design and Performance Optimization of Isostatic Pressing Working Cylinder Automatic Exhaust Valve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Zhao">Wei-Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yannian-Bao"> Yannian-Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xing-Fan"> Xing-Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei-Cao"> Lei-Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An isostatic pressing working cylinder automatic exhaust valve is designed. The finite element models of valve core and valve body under ultra-high pressure work environment are built to study the influence of interact of valve core and valve body to sealing performance. The contact stresses of metal sealing surface with different sizes are calculated and the automatic exhaust valve is optimized. The result of simulation and experiment shows that the sealing of optimized exhaust valve is more reliable and the service life is greatly improved. The optimized exhaust valve has been used in the warm isostatic pressing equipment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exhaust%20valve" title="exhaust valve">exhaust valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sealing" title=" sealing"> sealing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra-high%20pressure" title=" ultra-high pressure"> ultra-high pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isostatic%20pressing" title=" isostatic pressing"> isostatic pressing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9081/design-and-performance-optimization-of-isostatic-pressing-working-cylinder-automatic-exhaust-valve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11596</span> Identification of Effective Factors on Marketing Performance Management in Iran’s Airports and Air Navigation Companies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Hamidpour">Morteza Hamidpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kambeez%20Shahroudi"> Kambeez Shahroudi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research was to identify the factors affecting the measurement and management of marketing performance in Iran's airports and air navigation companies (Economics in Air and Airport Transport). This study was exploratory and used a qualitative content analysis technique. The study population consisted of university professors in the field of air transportation and senior airport managers, with 15 individuals selected as samples using snowball technique. Based on the results, 15 main indicators were identified for measuring the marketing performance of Iran's airports and air navigation companies. These indicators include airport staff, general and operational expenses, annual passenger reception capacity, number of counter receptions and passenger dispatches, airport runway length, airline companies' loyalty to using airport space and facilities, regional market share of transit and departure flights, claims and net profit (aviation and non-aviation). By keeping the input indicators constant, the output indicators can be improved, enhancing performance efficiency and consequently increasing the economic situation in air transportation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20transport%20economics" title="air transport economics">air transport economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20performance%20management" title=" marketing performance management"> marketing performance management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20performance%20input%20factors" title=" marketing performance input factors"> marketing performance input factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20performance%20intermediary%20factors" title=" marketing performance intermediary factors"> marketing performance intermediary factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20performance%20output%20factors" title=" marketing performance output factors"> marketing performance output factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20analysis" title=" content analysis"> content analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178904/identification-of-effective-factors-on-marketing-performance-management-in-irans-airports-and-air-navigation-companies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11595</span> A Study on Design for Parallel Test Based on Embedded System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Sun">Zheng Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiwei%20Cui"> Weiwei Cui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Ma"> Xiaodong Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongxin%20Jin"> Hongxin Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongpao%20Hong"> Dongpao Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinsong%20Yang"> Jinsong Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingyi%20Sun"> Jingyi Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the improvement of the performance and complexity of modern equipment, automatic test system (ATS) becomes widely used for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. However, the conventional ATS mainly works in a serial mode, and lacks the ability of testing several equipments at the same time. That leads to low test efficiency and ATS redundancy. Especially for a large majority of equipment under test, the conventional ATS cannot meet the requirement of efficient testing. To reduce the support resource and increase test efficiency, we propose a method of design for the parallel test based on the embedded system in this paper. Firstly, we put forward the general framework of the parallel test system, and the system contains a central management system (CMS) and several distributed test subsystems (DTS). Then we give a detailed design of the system. For the hardware of the system, we use embedded architecture to design DTS. For the software of the system, we use test program set to improve the test adaption. By deploying the parallel test system, the time to test five devices is now equal to the time to test one device in the past. Compared with the conventional test system, the proposed test system reduces the size and improves testing efficiency. This is of great significance for equipment to be put into operation swiftly. Finally, we take an industrial control system as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The result shows that the method is reasonable, and the efficiency is improved up to 500%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20test" title="parallel test">parallel test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded%20system" title=" embedded system"> embedded system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20test%20system" title=" automatic test system"> automatic test system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20test%20system%20%28ATS%29" title=" automatic test system (ATS)"> automatic test system (ATS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20management%20system" title=" central management system"> central management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20management%20system%20%28CMS%29" title=" central management system (CMS)"> central management system (CMS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20test%20subsystems" title=" distributed test subsystems"> distributed test subsystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20test%20subsystems%20%28DTS%29" title=" distributed test subsystems (DTS)"> distributed test subsystems (DTS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99560/a-study-on-design-for-parallel-test-based-on-embedded-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11594</span> Application of Remote Sensing and In-Situ Measurements for Discharge Monitoring in Large Rivers: Case of Pool Malebo in the Congo River Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kechnit%20Djamel">Kechnit Djamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammarri%20Abdelhadi"> Ammarri Abdelhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raphael%20Tshimang"> Raphael Tshimang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Trrig"> Mark Trrig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most important aspects of monitoring rivers is navigation. The variation of discharge in the river generally produces a change in available draft for a vessel, particularly in the low flow season, which can impact the navigable water path, especially when the water depth is less than the normal one, which allows safe navigation for boats. The water depth is related to the bathymetry of the channel as well as the discharge. For a seasonal update of the navigation maps, a daily discharge value is required. Many novel approaches based on earth observation and remote sensing have been investigated for large rivers. However, it should be noted that most of these approaches are not currently able to directly estimate river discharge. This paper discusses the application of remote sensing tools using the analysis of the reflectance value of MODIS imagery and is combined with field measurements for the estimation of discharge. This approach is applied in the lower reach of the Congo River (Pool Malebo) for the period between 2019 and 2021. The correlation obtained between the observed discharge observed in the gauging station and the reflectance ratio time series is 0.81. In this context, a Discharge Reflectance Model (DRM) was developed to express discharge as a function of reflectance. This model introduces a non-contact method that allows discharge monitoring using earth observation. DRM was validated by field measurements using ADCP, in different sections on the Pool Malebo, over two different periods (dry and wet seasons), as well as by the observed discharge in the gauging station. The observed error between the estimated and measured discharge values ranges from 1 to 8% for the ADCP and from (1% to 11%) for the gauging station. The study of the uncertainties will give us the possibility to judge the robustness of the DRM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discharge%20monitoring" title="discharge monitoring">discharge monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MODIS" title=" MODIS"> MODIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empiric" title=" empiric"> empiric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADCP" title=" ADCP"> ADCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Congo%20River" title=" Congo River"> Congo River</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160633/application-of-remote-sensing-and-in-situ-measurements-for-discharge-monitoring-in-large-rivers-case-of-pool-malebo-in-the-congo-river-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11593</span> Semi-Automatic Segmentation of Mitochondria on Transmission Electron Microscopy Images Using Live-Wire and Surface Dragging Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdieh%20Farzin%20Asanjan">Mahdieh Farzin Asanjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erkan%20Unal%20Mumcuoglu"> Erkan Unal Mumcuoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles of the cell, which have a significant role in the variety of cellular metabolic functions. Mitochondria act as the power plants of the cell and are surrounded by two membranes. Significant morphological alterations are often due to changes in mitochondrial functions. A powerful technique in order to study the three-dimensional (3D) structure of mitochondria and its alterations in disease states is Electron microscope tomography. Detection of mitochondria in electron microscopy images due to the presence of various subcellular structures and imaging artifacts is a challenging problem. Another challenge is that each image typically contains more than one mitochondrion. Hand segmentation of mitochondria is tedious and time-consuming and also special knowledge about the mitochondria is needed. Fully automatic segmentation methods lead to over-segmentation and mitochondria are not segmented properly. Therefore, semi-automatic segmentation methods with minimum manual effort are required to edit the results of fully automatic segmentation methods. Here two editing tools were implemented by applying spline surface dragging and interactive live-wire segmentation tools. These editing tools were applied separately to the results of fully automatic segmentation. 3D extension of these tools was also studied and tested. Dice coefficients of 2D and 3D for surface dragging using splines were 0.93 and 0.92. This metric for 2D and 3D for live-wire method were 0.94 and 0.91 respectively. The root mean square symmetric surface distance values of 2D and 3D for surface dragging was measured as 0.69, 0.93. The same metrics for live-wire tool were 0.60 and 2.11. Comparing the results of these editing tools with the results of automatic segmentation method, it shows that these editing tools, led to better results and these results were more similar to ground truth image but the required time was higher than hand-segmentation time <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20segmentation" title="medical image segmentation">medical image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-automatic%20methods" title=" semi-automatic methods"> semi-automatic methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20electron%20microscopy" title=" transmission electron microscopy"> transmission electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20dragging%20using%20splines" title=" surface dragging using splines"> surface dragging using splines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=live-wire" title=" live-wire"> live-wire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85965/semi-automatic-segmentation-of-mitochondria-on-transmission-electron-microscopy-images-using-live-wire-and-surface-dragging-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11592</span> Performance Evaluation of Contemporary Classifiers for Automatic Detection of Epileptic EEG</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20E.%20Ch.%20Vidyasagar">K. E. Ch. Vidyasagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Moghavvemi"> M. Moghavvemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20S.%20T.%20Prabhat"> T. S. S. T. Prabhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epilepsy is a global problem, and with seizures eluding even the smartest of diagnoses a requirement for automatic detection of the same using electroencephalogram (EEG) would have a huge impact in diagnosis of the disorder. Among a multitude of methods for automatic epilepsy detection, one should find the best method out, based on accuracy, for classification. This paper reasons out, and rationalizes, the best methods for classification. Accuracy is based on the classifier, and thus this paper discusses classifiers like quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), classification and regression tree (CART), support vector machine (SVM), naive Bayes classifier (NBC), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and artificial neural networks (ANN). Results show that ANN is the most accurate of all the above stated classifiers with 97.7% accuracy, 97.25% specificity and 98.28% sensitivity in its merit. This is followed closely by SVM with 1% variation in result. These results would certainly help researchers choose the best classifier for detection of epilepsy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seizure" title=" seizure"> seizure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KNN" title=" KNN"> KNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVM" title=" SVM"> SVM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDA" title=" LDA"> LDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANN" title=" ANN"> ANN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epilepsy" title=" epilepsy"> epilepsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14692/performance-evaluation-of-contemporary-classifiers-for-automatic-detection-of-epileptic-eeg" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11591</span> Multifunctional Janus Microbots for Intracellular Delivery of Therapeutic Agents </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shilpee%20Jain">Shilpee Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachin%20Latiyan"> Sachin Latiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaushik%20Suneet"> Kaushik Suneet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unlike traditional robots, medical microbots are not only smaller in size, but they also possess various unique properties, for example, biocompatibility, stability in the biological fluids, navigation opposite to the bloodstream, wireless control over locomotion, etc. The idea behind their usage in the medical field was to build a minimally invasive method for addressing the post-operative complications, including longer recovery time, infection eruption and pain. Herein, the present study demonstrates the fabrication of dual nature magneto-conducting Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and SU8 derived carbon-based Janus microbots for the efficient intracellular delivery of biomolecules. The low aspect ratio with feature size 2-5 μm microbots were fabricated by using a photolithography technique. These microbots were pyrolyzed at 900°C, which converts SU8 into amorphous carbon. The pyrolyzed microbots have dual properties, i.e., the half part is magneto-conducting and another half is only conducting for sufficing the therapeutic payloads efficiently with the application of external electric/magnetic field stimulations. For the efficient intracellular delivery of the microbots, the size and aspect ratio plays a significant role. However, on a smaller scale, the proper control over movement is difficult to achieve. The dual nature of Janus microbots allowed to control its maneuverability in the complex fluids using external electric as well as the magnetic field. Interestingly, Janus microbots move faster with the application of an external electric field (44 µm/s) as compared to the magnetic field (18 µm/s) application. Furthermore, these Janus microbots exhibit auto-fluorescence behavior that will help to track their pathway during navigation. Typically, the use of MNPs in the microdevices enhances the tendency to agglomerate. However, the incorporation of Fe₃O₄ MNPs in the pyrolyzed carbon reduces the chances of agglomeration of the microbots. The biocompatibility of the medical microbots, which is the essential property of any biosystems, was determined in vitro using HeLa cells. The microbots were found to compatible with HeLa cells. Additionally, the intracellular uptake of microbots was higher in the presence of an external electric field as compared to without electric field stimulation. In summary, the cytocompatible Janus microbots were fabricated successfully. They are stable in the biological fluids, wireless controllable navigation with the help of a few Guess external magnetic fields, their movement can be tracked because of autofluorescence behavior, they are less susceptible to agglomeration and higher cellular uptake could be achieved with the application of the external electric field. Thus, these carriers could offer a versatile platform to suffice the therapeutic payloads under wireless actuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amorphous%20carbon" title="amorphous carbon">amorphous carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%2Fmagnetic%20stimulations" title=" electric/magnetic stimulations"> electric/magnetic stimulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janus%20microbots" title=" Janus microbots"> Janus microbots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title=" magnetic nanoparticles"> magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimally%20invasive%20procedures" title=" minimally invasive procedures"> minimally invasive procedures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124012/multifunctional-janus-microbots-for-intracellular-delivery-of-therapeutic-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11590</span> An Adaptive CFAR Algorithm Based on Automatic Censoring in Heterogeneous Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naime%20Boudemagh">Naime Boudemagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we aim to improve the detection performances of radar systems. To this end, we propose and analyze a novel censoring technique of undesirable samples, of priori unknown positions, that may be present in the environment under investigation. Therefore, we consider heterogeneous backgrounds characterized by the presence of some irregularities such that clutter edge transitions and/or interfering targets. The proposed detector, termed automatic censoring constant false alarm (AC-CFAR), operates exclusively in a Gaussian background. It is built to allow the segmentation of the environment to regions and switch automatically to the appropriate detector; namely, the cell averaging CFAR (CA-CFAR), the censored mean level CFAR (CMLD-CFAR) or the order statistic CFAR (OS-CFAR). Monte Carlo simulations show that the AC-CFAR detector performs like the CA-CFAR in a homogeneous background. Moreover, the proposed processor exhibits considerable robustness in a heterogeneous background. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFAR" title="CFAR">CFAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20censoring" title=" automatic censoring"> automatic censoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20environments" title=" heterogeneous environments"> heterogeneous environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radar%20systems" title=" radar systems"> radar systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28302/an-adaptive-cfar-algorithm-based-on-automatic-censoring-in-heterogeneous-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11589</span> Joint Path and Push Planning among Moveable Obstacles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Emeli">Victor Emeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akansel%20Cosgun"> Akansel Cosgun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the navigation among movable obstacles (NAMO) problem and proposes joint path and push planning: which path to take and in what direction the obstacles should be pushed at, given a start and goal position. We present a planning algorithm for selecting a path and the obstacles to be pushed, where a rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT)-based heuristic is employed to calculate a minimal collision path. When it is necessary to apply a pushing force to slide an obstacle out of the way, the planners leverage means-end analysis through a dynamic physics simulation to determine the sequence of linear pushes to clear the necessary space. Simulation experiments show that our approach finds solutions in higher clutter percentages (up to 49%) compared to the straight-line push planner (37%) and RRT without pushing (18%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20planning" title="motion planning">motion planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20planning" title=" path planning"> path planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=push%20planning" title=" push planning"> push planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot%20navigation" title=" robot navigation"> robot navigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128403/joint-path-and-push-planning-among-moveable-obstacles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11588</span> Meteorological Risk Assessment for Ships with Fuzzy Logic Designer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Karaca">Ismail Karaca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridvan%20Saracoglu"> Ridvan Saracoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Soner"> Omer Soner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy Logic, an advanced method to support decision-making, is used by various scientists in many disciplines. Fuzzy programming is a product of fuzzy logic, fuzzy rules, and implication. In marine science, fuzzy programming for ships is dramatically increasing together with autonomous ship studies. In this paper, a program to support the decision-making process for ship navigation has been designed. The program is produced in fuzzy logic and rules, by taking the marine accidents and expert opinions into account. After the program was designed, the program was tested by 46 ship accidents reported by the Transportation Safety Investigation Center of Turkey. Wind speed, sea condition, visibility, day/night ratio have been used as input data. They have been converted into a risk factor within the Fuzzy Logic Designer application and fuzzy rules set by marine experts. Finally, the expert's meteorological risk factor for each accident is compared with the program's risk factor, and the error rate was calculated. The main objective of this study is to improve the navigational safety of ships, by using the advance decision support model. According to the study result, fuzzy programming is a robust model that supports safe navigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calculation%20of%20risk%20factor" title="calculation of risk factor">calculation of risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20programming%20for%20ship" title=" fuzzy programming for ship"> fuzzy programming for ship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20navigation%20of%20ships" title=" safety navigation of ships"> safety navigation of ships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122512/meteorological-risk-assessment-for-ships-with-fuzzy-logic-designer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11587</span> Computer-Aided Detection of Liver and Spleen from CT Scans using Watershed Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belgherbi%20Aicha">Belgherbi Aicha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bessaid%20Abdelhafid"> Bessaid Abdelhafid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent years a great deal of research work has been devoted to the development of semi-automatic and automatic techniques for the analysis of abdominal CT images. The first and fundamental step in all these studies is the semi-automatic liver and spleen segmentation that is still an open problem. In this paper, a semi-automatic liver and spleen segmentation method by the mathematical morphology based on watershed algorithm has been proposed. Our algorithm is currency in two parts. In the first, we seek to determine the region of interest by applying the morphological to extract the liver and spleen. The second step consists to improve the quality of the image gradient. In this step, we propose a method for improving the image gradient to reduce the over-segmentation problem by applying the spatial filters followed by the morphological filters. Thereafter we proceed to the segmentation of the liver, spleen. The aim of this work is to develop a method for semi-automatic segmentation liver and spleen based on watershed algorithm, improve the accuracy and the robustness of the liver and spleen segmentation and evaluate a new semi-automatic approach with the manual for liver segmentation. To validate the segmentation technique proposed, we have tested it on several images. Our segmentation approach is evaluated by comparing our results with the manual segmentation performed by an expert. The experimental results are described in the last part of this work. The system has been evaluated by computing the sensitivity and specificity between the semi-automatically segmented (liver and spleen) contour and the manually contour traced by radiological experts. Liver segmentation has achieved the sensitivity and specificity; sens Liver=96% and specif Liver=99% respectively. Spleen segmentation achieves similar, promising results sens Spleen=95% and specif Spleen=99%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20images" title="CT images">CT images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20and%20spleen%20segmentation" title=" liver and spleen segmentation"> liver and spleen segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anisotropic%20diffusion%20filter" title=" anisotropic diffusion filter"> anisotropic diffusion filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20filters" title=" morphological filters"> morphological filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watershed%20algorithm" title=" watershed algorithm"> watershed algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7381/computer-aided-detection-of-liver-and-spleen-from-ct-scans-using-watershed-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11586</span> Automatic Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling and Analysis of Butterfly Valve Using Python Script</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Guru%20Prasath">N. Guru Prasath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangjin%20Ma"> Sangjin Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Wan%20Kim"> Chang-Wan Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A butterfly valve is a quarter turn valve which is used to control the flow of a fluid through a section of pipe. Generally, butterfly valve is used in wide range of applications such as water distribution, sewage, oil and gas plants. In particular, butterfly valve with larger diameter finds its immense applications in hydro power plants to control the fluid flow. In-lieu with the constraints in cost and size to run laboratory setup, analysis of large diameter values will be mostly studied by computational method which is the best and inexpensive solution. For fluid and structural analysis, CFD and FEM software is used to perform large scale valve analyses, respectively. In order to perform above analysis in butterfly valve, the CAD model has to recreate and perform mesh in conventional software’s for various dimensions of valve. Therefore, its limitation is time consuming process. In-order to overcome that issue, python code was created to outcome complete pre-processing setup automatically in Salome software. Applying dimensions of the model clearly in the python code makes the running time comparatively lower and easier way to perform analysis of the valve. Hence, in this paper, an attempt was made to study the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) of butterfly valves by varying the valve angles and dimensions using python code in pre-processing software, and results are produced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butterfly%20valve" title="butterfly valve">butterfly valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20coefficient" title=" flow coefficient"> flow coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20CFD%20analysis" title=" automatic CFD analysis"> automatic CFD analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FSI%20analysis" title=" FSI analysis"> FSI analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60603/automatic-fluid-structure-interaction-modeling-and-analysis-of-butterfly-valve-using-python-script" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11585</span> Automatic Tofu Stick Cutter to Increase the Production Capacity of Small and Medium Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaca%20Nugraha%20Zaid">Chaca Nugraha Zaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hikmat%20Ronaldo"> Hikmat Ronaldo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emerald%20Falah%20Brayoga"> Emerald Falah Brayoga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azizah%20Eddy%20Setiawati"> Azizah Eddy Setiawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soviandini%20Dwiki%20Kartika%20Putri"> Soviandini Dwiki Kartika Putri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novita%20Wijayanti"> Novita Wijayanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the tofu stick production, the manual cutting process takes a half of working day or 4 hours for 21 kg of tofu. This issue has hampered the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to increase the capacity of production to fulfill the market demand. In order to address the issue, the cutting process should be automized to create fast, efficient, and effective tools. This innovation to tackle this problem is an automatic cutter tool that is able to move continuously to cut the tofu into stick size. The tool uses the 78,5-watt electric motor and automatic sensors to drive the cutting tool automatically, resulting faster process time with more uniform size compared to the manual cutter. The component of this tool, i.e., cutting knife and the driver, electric motor, limit switch sensors, riley, Arduino nano, and power supply. The cutting speed cutting speed of this tool is 101,25 mm/s producing 64 tofu sticks. Benefits that can be obtained from the use of automatic tofu stick cutter, i.e. (1) Faster process (2) More uniform cutting result; (3) The quality of the tofu stick is maintained due to minimal contact with humans so that contamination can be suppressed; (4) The cutting knife can be modified to the desired size of the owner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic" title="automatic">automatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutter" title=" cutter"> cutter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium%20enterprise" title=" small and medium enterprise"> small and medium enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tofu%20stick" title=" tofu stick"> tofu stick</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98000/automatic-tofu-stick-cutter-to-increase-the-production-capacity-of-small-and-medium-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11584</span> Autonomous Kuka Youbot Navigation Based on Machine Learning and Path Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Gordon">Carlos Gordon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricio%20Encalada"> Patricio Encalada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Lema"> Henry Lema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Leon"> Diego Leon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dennis%20Chicaiza"> Dennis Chicaiza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The following work presents a proposal of autonomous navigation of mobile robots implemented in an omnidirectional robot Kuka Youbot. We have been able to perform the integration of robotic operative system (ROS) and machine learning algorithms. ROS mainly provides two distributions; ROS hydro and ROS Kinect. ROS hydro allows managing the nodes of odometry, kinematics, and path planning with statistical and probabilistic, global and local algorithms based on Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization (AMCL) and Dijkstra. Meanwhile, ROS Kinect is responsible for the detection block of dynamic objects which can be in the points of the planned trajectory obstructing the path of Kuka Youbot. The detection is managed by artificial vision module under a trained neural network based on the single shot multibox detector system (SSD), where the main dynamic objects for detection are human beings and domestic animals among other objects. When the objects are detected, the system modifies the trajectory or wait for the decision of the dynamic obstacle. Finally, the obstacles are skipped from the planned trajectory, and the Kuka Youbot can reach its goal thanks to the machine learning algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20navigation" title="autonomous navigation">autonomous navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20planning" title=" path planning"> path planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20operative%20system" title=" robotic operative system"> robotic operative system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20computer%20vision%20library" title=" open source computer vision library"> open source computer vision library</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101726/autonomous-kuka-youbot-navigation-based-on-machine-learning-and-path-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11583</span> Autonomous Flight Control for Multirotor by Alternative Input Output State Linearization with Nested Saturations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Eun%20Yoon">Yong Eun Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20N.%20Johnson"> Eric N. Johnson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liling%20Ren"> Liling Ren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multirotor is one of the most popular types of small unmanned aircraft systems and has already been used in many areas including transport, military, surveillance, and leisure. Together with its popularity, the needs for proper flight control is growing because in most applications it is required to conduct its missions autonomously, which is in many aspects based on autonomous flight control. There have been many studies about the flight control for multirotor, but there is still room for enhancements in terms of performance and efficiency. This paper presents an autonomous flight control method for multirotor based on alternative input output linearization coupled with nested saturations. With alternative choice of the output of the multirotor flight control system, we can reduce computational cost regarding Lie algebra, and the linearized system can be stabilized with the introduction of nested saturations with real poles of our own design. Stabilization of internal dynamics is also based on the nested saturations and accompanies the determination of part of desired states. In particular, outer control loops involving state variables which originally are not included in the output of the flight control system is naturally rendered through this internal dynamics stabilization. We can also observe that desired tilting angles are determined by error dynamics from outer loops. Simulation results show that in any tracking situations multirotor stabilizes itself with small time constants, preceded by tuning process for control parameters with relatively low degree of complexity. Future study includes control of piecewise linear behavior of multirotor with actuator saturations, and the optimal determination of desired states while tracking multiple waypoints. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20flight%20control" title="automatic flight control">automatic flight control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20output%20linearization" title=" input output linearization"> input output linearization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multirotor" title=" multirotor"> multirotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nested%20saturations" title=" nested saturations"> nested saturations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76979/autonomous-flight-control-for-multirotor-by-alternative-input-output-state-linearization-with-nested-saturations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11582</span> Ultra-Tightly Coupled GNSS/INS Based on High Degree Cubature Kalman Filtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Benzerrouk">Hamza Benzerrouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Nebylov"> Alexander Nebylov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In classical GNSS/INS integration designs, the loosely coupled approach uses the GNSS derived position and the velocity as the measurements vector. This design is suboptimal from the standpoint of preventing GNSSoutliers/outages. The tightly coupled GPS/INS navigation filter mixes the GNSS pseudo range and inertial measurements and obtains the vehicle navigation state as the final navigation solution. The ultra‐tightly coupled GNSS/INS design combines the I (inphase) and Q(quadrature) accumulator outputs in the GNSS receiver signal tracking loops and the INS navigation filter function intoa single Kalman filter variant (EKF, UKF, SPKF, CKF and HCKF). As mentioned, EKF and UKF are the most used nonlinear filters in the literature and are well adapted to inertial navigation state estimation when integrated with GNSS signal outputs. In this paper, it is proposed to move a step forward with more accurate filters and modern approaches called Cubature and High Degree cubature Kalman Filtering methods, on the basis of previous results solving the state estimation based on INS/GNSS integration, Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) and High Degree Cubature Kalman Filter with (HCKF) are the references for the recent developed generalized Cubature rule based Kalman Filter (GCKF). High degree cubature rules are the kernel of the new solution for more accurate estimation with less computational complexity compared with the Gauss-Hermite Quadrature (GHQKF). Gauss-Hermite Kalman Filter GHKF which is not selected in this work because of its limited real-time implementation in high-dimensional state-spaces. In ultra tightly or a deeply coupled GNSS/INS system is dynamics EKF is used with transition matrix factorization together with GNSS block processing which is well described in the paper and assumes available the intermediary frequency IF by using a correlator samples with a rate of 500 Hz in the presented approach. GNSS (GPS+GLONASS) measurements are assumed available and modern SPKF with Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) are compared with new versions of CKF called high order CKF based on Spherical-radial cubature rules developed at the fifth order in this work. Estimation accuracy of the high degree CKF is supposed to be comparative to GHKF, results of state estimation are then observed and discussed for different initialization parameters. Results show more accurate navigation state estimation and more robust GNSS receiver when Ultra Tightly Coupled approach applied based on High Degree Cubature Kalman Filter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title="GNSS">GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=INS" title=" INS"> INS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filtering" title=" Kalman filtering"> Kalman filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra%20tight%20integration" title=" ultra tight integration"> ultra tight integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52009/ultra-tightly-coupled-gnssins-based-on-high-degree-cubature-kalman-filtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11581</span> Potential Field Functions for Motion Planning and Posture of the Standard 3-Trailer System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Raghuwaiya">K. Raghuwaiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Singh"> S. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Sharma"> B. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Vanualailai"> J. Vanualailai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a set of artificial potential field functions that improves upon; in general, the motion planning and posture control, with theoretically guaranteed point and posture stabilities, convergence and collision avoidance properties of 3-trailer systems in a priori known environment. We basically design and inject two new concepts; ghost walls and the Distance Optimization Technique (DOT) to strengthen point and posture stabilities, in the sense of Lyapunov, of our dynamical model. This new combination of techniques emerges as a convenient mechanism for obtaining feasible orientations at the target positions with an overall reduction in the complexity of the navigation laws. The effectiveness of the proposed control laws were demonstrated via simulations of two traffic scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20potential%20fields" title="artificial potential fields">artificial potential fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-trailer%20systems" title=" 3-trailer systems"> 3-trailer systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20planning" title=" motion planning"> motion planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posture" title=" posture"> posture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parking%20and%20collision" title=" parking and collision"> parking and collision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20trajectories" title=" free trajectories"> free trajectories</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6932/potential-field-functions-for-motion-planning-and-posture-of-the-standard-3-trailer-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11580</span> Variable vs. Fixed Window Width Code Correlation Reference Waveform Receivers for Multipath Mitigation in Global Navigation Satellite Systems with Binary Offset Carrier and Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier Signals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Alhussein">Fahad Alhussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huaping%20Liu"> Huaping Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper compares the multipath mitigation performance of code correlation reference waveform receivers with variable and fixed window width, for binary offset carrier and multiplexed binary offset carrier signals typically used in global navigation satellite systems. In the variable window width method, such width is iteratively reduced until the distortion on the discriminator with multipath is eliminated. This distortion is measured as the Euclidean distance between the actual discriminator (obtained with the incoming signal), and the local discriminator (generated with a local copy of the signal). The variable window width have shown better performance compared to the fixed window width. In particular, the former yields zero error for all delays for the BOC and MBOC signals considered, while the latter gives rather large nonzero errors for small delays in all cases. Due to its computational simplicity, the variable window width method is perfectly suitable for implementation in low-cost receivers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation%20reference%20waveform%20receivers" title="correlation reference waveform receivers">correlation reference waveform receivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20offset%20carrier" title=" binary offset carrier"> binary offset carrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplexed%20binary%20offset%20carrier" title=" multiplexed binary offset carrier"> multiplexed binary offset carrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20navigation%20satellite%20systems" title=" global navigation satellite systems"> global navigation satellite systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116944/variable-vs-fixed-window-width-code-correlation-reference-waveform-receivers-for-multipath-mitigation-in-global-navigation-satellite-systems-with-binary-offset-carrier-and-multiplexed-binary-offset-carrier-signals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11579</span> Impacts of Applying Automated Vehicle Location Systems to Public Bus Transport Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vani%20Chintapally">Vani Chintapally</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The expansion of modest and minimized Global Positioning System (GPS) beneficiaries has prompted most Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) frameworks today depending solely on satellite-based finding frameworks, as GPS is the most stable usage of these. This paper shows the attributes of a proposed framework for following and dissecting open transport in a run of the mill medium-sized city and complexities the qualities of such a framework to those of broadly useful AVL frameworks. Particular properties of the courses broke down by the AVL framework utilized for the examination of open transport in our study incorporate cyclic vehicle courses, the requirement for particular execution reports, and so forth. This paper particularly manages vehicle movement forecasts and the estimation of station landing time, combined with consequently produced reports on timetable conformance and other execution measures. Another side of the watched issue is proficient exchange of information from the vehicles to the control focus. The pervasiveness of GSM bundle information exchange advancements combined with decreased information exchange expenses have brought on today's AVL frameworks to depend predominantly on parcel information exchange administrations from portable administrators as the correspondences channel in the middle of vehicles and the control focus. This methodology brings numerous security issues up in this conceivably touchy application field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20vehicle%20location%20%28AVL%29" title="automatic vehicle location (AVL)">automatic vehicle location (AVL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation%20of%20landing%20times" title=" expectation of landing times"> expectation of landing times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AVL%20security" title=" AVL security"> AVL security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20administrations" title=" data administrations"> data administrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wise%20transport%20frameworks%20%28ITS%29" title=" wise transport frameworks (ITS)"> wise transport frameworks (ITS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guide%20coordinating" title=" guide coordinating"> guide coordinating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39308/impacts-of-applying-automated-vehicle-location-systems-to-public-bus-transport-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11578</span> Super-ellipsoidal Potential Function for Autonomous Collision Avoidance of a Teleoperated UAV</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Qasim">Mohammed Qasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Dae%20Kim"> Kyoung-Dae Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present the design of the super-ellipsoidal potential function (SEPF), that can be used for autonomous collision avoidance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in a 3-dimensional space. In the design of SEPF, we have the full control over the shape and size of the potential function. In particular, we can adjust the length, width, height, and the amount of flattening at the tips of the potential function so that the collision avoidance motion vector generated from the potential function can be adjusted accordingly. Based on the idea of the SEPF, we also propose an approach for the local autonomy of a UAV for its collision avoidance when the UAV is teleoperated by a human operator. In our proposed approach, a teleoperated UAV can not only avoid collision autonomously with other surrounding objects but also track the operator’s control input as closely as possible. As a result, an operator can always be in control of the UAV for his/her high-level guidance and navigation task without worrying too much about the UAVs collision avoidance while it is being teleoperated. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a human-in-the-loop simulation of quadrotor UAV teleoperation using virtual robot experimentation platform (v-rep) and Matlab programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20potential%20function" title="artificial potential function">artificial potential function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20collision%20avoidance" title=" autonomous collision avoidance"> autonomous collision avoidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teleoperation" title=" teleoperation"> teleoperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrotor" title=" quadrotor"> quadrotor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42043/super-ellipsoidal-potential-function-for-autonomous-collision-avoidance-of-a-teleoperated-uav" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11577</span> Magnetic Navigation of Nanoparticles inside a 3D Carotid Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20G.%20Karvelas">E. G. Karvelas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Liosis"> C. Liosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Theodorakakos"> A. Theodorakakos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20E.%20Karakasidis"> T. E. Karakasidis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic navigation of the drug inside the human vessels is a very important concept since the drug is delivered to the desired area. Consequently, the quantity of the drug required to reach therapeutic levels is being reduced while the drug concentration at targeted sites is increased. Magnetic navigation of drug agents can be achieved with the use of magnetic nanoparticles where anti-tumor agents are loaded on the surface of the nanoparticles. The magnetic field that is required to navigate the particles inside the human arteries is produced by a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device. The main factors which influence the efficiency of the usage of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications in magnetic driving are the size and the magnetization of the biocompatible nanoparticles. In this study, a computational platform for the simulation of the optimal gradient magnetic fields for the navigation of magnetic nanoparticles inside a carotid artery is presented. For the propulsion model of the particles, seven major forces are considered, i.e., the magnetic force from MRIs main magnet static field as well as the magnetic field gradient force from the special propulsion gradient coils. The static field is responsible for the aggregation of nanoparticles, while the magnetic gradient contributes to the navigation of the agglomerates that are formed. Moreover, the contact forces among the aggregated nanoparticles and the wall and the Stokes drag force for each particle are considered, while only spherical particles are used in this study. In addition, gravitational forces due to gravity and the force due to buoyancy are included. Finally, Van der Walls force and Brownian motion are taken into account in the simulation. The OpenFoam platform is used for the calculation of the flow field and the uncoupled equations of particles' motion. To verify the optimal gradient magnetic fields, a covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMAES) is used in order to navigate the particles into the desired area. A desired trajectory is inserted into the computational geometry, which the particles are going to be navigated in. Initially, the CMAES optimization strategy provides the OpenFOAM program with random values of the gradient magnetic field. At the end of each simulation, the computational platform evaluates the distance between the particles and the desired trajectory. The present model can simulate the motion of particles when they are navigated by the magnetic field that is produced by the MRI device. Under the influence of fluid flow, the model investigates the effect of different gradient magnetic fields in order to minimize the distance of particles from the desired trajectory. In addition, the platform can navigate the particles into the desired trajectory with an efficiency between 80-90%. On the other hand, a small number of particles are stuck to the walls and remains there for the rest of the simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artery" title="artery">artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug" title=" drug"> drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130307/magnetic-navigation-of-nanoparticles-inside-a-3d-carotid-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11576</span> Automatic Verification Technology of Virtual Machine Software Patch on IaaS Cloud</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoji%20Yamato">Yoji Yamato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose an automatic verification technology of software patches for user virtual environments on IaaS Cloud to decrease verification costs of patches. In these days, IaaS services have been spread and many users can customize virtual machines on IaaS Cloud like their own private servers. Regarding to software patches of OS or middleware installed on virtual machines, users need to adopt and verify these patches by themselves. This task increases operation costs of users. Our proposed method replicates user virtual environments, extracts verification test cases for user virtual environments from test case DB, distributes patches to virtual machines on replicated environments and conducts those test cases automatically on replicated environments. We have implemented the proposed method on OpenStack using Jenkins and confirmed the feasibility. Using the implementation, we confirmed the effectiveness of test case creation efforts by our proposed idea of 2-tier abstraction of software functions and test cases. We also evaluated the automatic verification performance of environment replications, test cases extractions and test cases conductions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title=" cloud computing"> cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20verification" title=" automatic verification"> automatic verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jenkins" title=" jenkins"> jenkins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17257/automatic-verification-technology-of-virtual-machine-software-patch-on-iaas-cloud" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11575</span> Automatic Classification for the Degree of Disc Narrowing from X-Ray Images Using CNN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwangmin%20Joo">Kwangmin Joo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automatic detection of lumbar vertebrae and classification method is proposed for evaluating the degree of disc narrowing. Prior to classification, deep learning based segmentation is applied to detect individual lumbar vertebra. M-net is applied to segment five lumbar vertebrae and fine-tuning segmentation is employed to improve the accuracy of segmentation. Using the features extracted from previous step, clustering technique, k-means clustering, is applied to estimate the degree of disc space narrowing under four grade scoring system. As preliminary study, techniques proposed in this research could help building an automatic scoring system to diagnose the severity of disc narrowing from X-ray images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Disc%20space%20narrowing" title="Disc space narrowing">Disc space narrowing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Degenerative%20disc%20disorders" title=" Degenerative disc disorders"> Degenerative disc disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deep%20learning%20based%20segmentation" title=" Deep learning based segmentation"> Deep learning based segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clustering%20technique" title=" Clustering technique"> Clustering technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128673/automatic-classification-for-the-degree-of-disc-narrowing-from-x-ray-images-using-cnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11574</span> Fuzzy Logic for Control and Automatic Operation of Natural Ventilation in Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekpeti%20Bukola%20Grace">Ekpeti Bukola Grace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoudi%20Sabar%20Esmail"> Mahmoudi Sabar Esmail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaer%20Issa"> Chaer Issa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global energy consumption has been increasing steadily over the last half - century, and this trend is projected to continue. As energy demand rises in many countries throughout the world due to population growth, natural ventilation in buildings has been identified as a viable option for lowering these demands, saving costs, and also lowering CO2 emissions. However, natural ventilation is driven by forces that are generally unpredictable in nature thus, it is important to manage the resulting airflow in order to maintain pleasant indoor conditions, making it a complex system that necessitates specific control approaches. The effective application of fuzzy logic technique amidst other intelligent systems is one of the best ways to bridge this gap, as its control dynamics relates more to human reasoning and linguistic descriptions. This article reviewed existing literature and presented practical solutions by applying fuzzy logic control with optimized techniques, selected input parameters, and expert rules to design a more effective control system. The control monitors used indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, carbon-dioxide levels, wind velocity, and rain as input variables to the system, while the output variable remains the control of window opening. This is achieved through the use of fuzzy logic control tool box in MATLAB and running simulations on SIMULINK to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system. Comparison analysis model via simulation is carried out, and with the data obtained, an improvement in control actions and energy savings was recorded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title="fuzzy logic">fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20control%20systems" title=" intelligent control systems"> intelligent control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20ventilation" title=" natural ventilation"> natural ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145968/fuzzy-logic-for-control-and-automatic-operation-of-natural-ventilation-in-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11573</span> Global Navigation Satellite System and Precise Point Positioning as Remote Sensing Tools for Monitoring Tropospheric Water Vapor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panupong%20Makvichian">Panupong Makvichian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is nowadays a common technology that improves navigation functions in our life. Additionally, GNSS is also being employed on behalf of an accurate atmospheric sensor these times. Meteorology is a practical application of GNSS, which is unnoticeable in the background of people’s life. GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a positioning method that requires data from a single dual-frequency receiver and precise information about satellite positions and satellite clocks. In addition, careful attention to mitigate various error sources is required. All the above data are combined in a sophisticated mathematical algorithm. At this point, the research is going to demonstrate how GNSS and PPP method is capable to provide high-precision estimates, such as 3D positions or Zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs). ZTDs combined with pressure and temperature information allows us to estimate the water vapor in the atmosphere as precipitable water vapor (PWV). If the process is replicated for a network of GNSS sensors, we can create thematic maps that allow extract water content information in any location within the network area. All of the above are possible thanks to the advances in GNSS data processing. Therefore, we are able to use GNSS data for climatic trend analysis and acquisition of the further knowledge about the atmospheric water content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title="GNSS">GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precise%20point%20positioning" title=" precise point positioning"> precise point positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zenith%20tropospheric%20delays" title=" Zenith tropospheric delays"> Zenith tropospheric delays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitable%20water%20vapor" title=" precipitable water vapor"> precipitable water vapor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80479/global-navigation-satellite-system-and-precise-point-positioning-as-remote-sensing-tools-for-monitoring-tropospheric-water-vapor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11572</span> Automatic Staging and Subtype Determination for Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Using PET Image Texture Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyhan%20Kara%C3%A7avu%C5%9F">Seyhan Karaçavuş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%BClent%20Y%C4%B1lmaz"> Bülent Yılmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96mer%20Kayaalt%C4%B1"> Ömer Kayaaltı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semra%20%C4%B0%C3%A7er"> Semra İçer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arzu%20Ta%C5%9Fdemir"> Arzu Taşdemir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O%C4%9Fuzhan%20Ayy%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z"> Oğuzhan Ayyıldız</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%C3%BCbra%20Eset"> Kübra Eset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eser%20Kaya"> Eser Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, our goal was to perform tumor staging and subtype determination automatically using different texture analysis approaches for a very common cancer type, i.e., non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Especially, we introduced a texture analysis approach, called Law’s texture filter, to be used in this context for the first time. The 18F-FDG PET images of 42 patients with NSCLC were evaluated. The number of patients for each tumor stage, i.e., I-II, III or IV, was 14. The patients had ~45% adenocarcinoma (ADC) and ~55% squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCs). MATLAB technical computing language was employed in the extraction of 51 features by using first order statistics (FOS), gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray-level run-length matrix (GLRLM), and Laws’ texture filters. The feature selection method employed was the sequential forward selection (SFS). Selected textural features were used in the automatic classification by <em>k</em>-nearest neighbors (<em>k</em>-NN) and support vector machines (SVM). In the automatic classification of tumor stage, the accuracy was approximately 59.5% with <em>k</em>-NN classifier (k=3) and 69% with SVM (with one versus one paradigm), using 5 features. In the automatic classification of tumor subtype, the accuracy was around 92.7% with SVM one vs. one. Texture analysis of FDG-PET images might be used, in addition to metabolic parameters as an objective tool to assess tumor histopathological characteristics and in automatic classification of tumor stage and subtype. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20stage" title="cancer stage">cancer stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20cell%20type" title=" cancer cell type"> cancer cell type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-small%20cell%20lung%20carcinoma" title=" non-small cell lung carcinoma"> non-small cell lung carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET" title=" PET"> PET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20analysis" title=" texture analysis"> texture analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43698/automatic-staging-and-subtype-determination-for-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-using-pet-image-texture-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11571</span> The Automatic Transliteration Model of Images of the Book Hamong Tani Using Statistical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agustinus%20Rudatyo%20Himamunanto">Agustinus Rudatyo Himamunanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20Rita%20Widiarti"> Anastasia Rita Widiarti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transliteration using Javanese manuscripts is one of methods to preserve and legate the wealth of literature in the past for the present generation in Indonesia. The transliteration manual process commonly requires philologists and takes a relatively long time. The automatic transliteration process is expected to shorten the time so as to help the works of philologists. The preprocessing and segmentation stage firstly done is used to manage the document images, thus obtaining image script units that will compile input document images free from noise and have the similarity in properties in the thickness, size, and slope. The next stage of characteristic extraction is used to find unique characteristics that will distinguish each Javanese script image. One of characteristics that is used in this research is the number of black pixels in each image units. Each image of Java scripts contained in the data training will undergo the same process similar to the input characters. The system testing was performed with the data of the book Hamong Tani. The book Hamong Tani was selected due to its content, age and number of pages. Those were considered sufficient as a model experimental input. Based on the results of random page automatic transliteration process testing, it was determined that the maximum percentage correctness obtained was 81.53%. The percentage of success was obtained in 32x32 pixel input image size with the 5x5 image window. With regard to the results, it can be concluded that the automatic transliteration model offered is relatively good. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javanese%20script" title="Javanese script">Javanese script</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=character%20recognition" title=" character recognition"> character recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical" title=" statistical"> statistical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20transliteration" title=" automatic transliteration"> automatic transliteration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33234/the-automatic-transliteration-model-of-images-of-the-book-hamong-tani-using-statistical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11570</span> Study on Safety Management of Deep Foundation Pit Construction Site Based on Building Information Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuewei%20Li">Xuewei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingfeng%20Yuan"> Jingfeng Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianliang%20Zhou"> Jianliang Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 21st century has been called the century of human exploitation of underground space. Due to the characteristics of large quantity, tight schedule, low safety reserve and high uncertainty of deep foundation pit engineering, accidents frequently occur in deep foundation pit engineering, causing huge economic losses and casualties. With the successful application of information technology in the construction industry, building information modeling has become a research hotspot in the field of architectural engineering. Therefore, the application of building information modeling (BIM) and other information communication technologies (ICTs) in construction safety management is of great significance to improve the level of safety management. This research summed up the mechanism of the deep foundation pit engineering accident through the fault tree analysis to find the control factors of deep foundation pit engineering safety management, the deficiency existing in the traditional deep foundation pit construction site safety management. According to the accident cause mechanism and the specific process of deep foundation pit construction, the hazard information of deep foundation pit engineering construction site was identified, and the hazard list was obtained, including early warning information. After that, the system framework was constructed by analyzing the early warning information demand and early warning function demand of the safety management system of deep foundation pit. Finally, the safety management system of deep foundation pit construction site based on BIM through combing the database and Web-BIM technology was developed, so as to realize the three functions of real-time positioning of construction site personnel, automatic warning of entering a dangerous area, real-time monitoring of deep foundation pit structure deformation and automatic warning. This study can initially improve the current situation of safety management in the construction site of deep foundation pit. Additionally, the active control before the occurrence of deep foundation pit accidents and the whole process dynamic control in the construction process can be realized so as to prevent and control the occurrence of safety accidents in the construction of deep foundation pit engineering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Web-BIM" title="Web-BIM">Web-BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20management" title=" safety management"> safety management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20foundation%20pit" title=" deep foundation pit"> deep foundation pit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109397/study-on-safety-management-of-deep-foundation-pit-construction-site-based-on-building-information-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20navigation%20control&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20navigation%20control&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20navigation%20control&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20navigation%20control&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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