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id="toc-1925–1998:_Chrysler_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1925–1998:_Chrysler_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1925–1998: Chrysler Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1925–1998:_Chrysler_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1998–2007:_DaimlerChrysler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1998–2007:_DaimlerChrysler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1998–2007: DaimlerChrysler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1998–2007:_DaimlerChrysler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007–2014:_Effects_of_Great_Recession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007–2014:_Effects_of_Great_Recession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>2007–2014: Effects of Great Recession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007–2014:_Effects_of_Great_Recession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014–2021:_Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014–2021:_Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>2014–2021: Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014–2021:_Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logo_evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Logo evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Corporate governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corporate governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Board_of_directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Board_of_directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Board of directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Board_of_directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Management_team" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Management_team"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Management team</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Management_team-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sales_and_marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sales_and_marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sales and marketing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sales_and_marketing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sales and marketing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sales_and_marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States_sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>United States sales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Global sales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Marketing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lifetime_powertrain_warranty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lifetime_powertrain_warranty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Lifetime powertrain warranty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lifetime_powertrain_warranty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Let's_Refuel_America"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Let's_Refuel_America""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>"Let's Refuel America"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Let's_Refuel_America"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lancia_co-branding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lancia_co-branding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Lancia co-branding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lancia_co-branding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ram_trucks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ram_trucks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.4</span> <span>Ram trucks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ram_trucks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Imported_From_Detroit"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Imported_From_Detroit""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.5</span> <span>"Imported From Detroit"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Imported_From_Detroit"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Halftime_in_America"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Halftime_in_America""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.6</span> <span>"Halftime in America"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Halftime_in_America"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-America's_Import" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#America's_Import"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.7</span> <span>America's Import</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-America's_Import-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slogans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slogans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.8</span> <span>Slogans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slogans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Product_line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Product_line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Product line</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Product_line-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Product line subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Product_line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chrysler_Uconnect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chrysler_Uconnect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Chrysler Uconnect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chrysler_Uconnect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Brands</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Brands-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Brands subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Brands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Current</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Former</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brand_predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brand_predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Brand predecessors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brand_predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maxwell-Chalmers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maxwell-Chalmers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Maxwell-Chalmers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maxwell-Chalmers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_Motor_Company" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_Motor_Company"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.2</span> <span>United States Motor Company</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_Motor_Company-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chrysler_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chrysler_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.3</span> <span>Chrysler Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chrysler_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rootes_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rootes_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.4</span> <span>Rootes Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rootes_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Motors_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Motors_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.5</span> <span>American Motors Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Motors_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaiser_Motors_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaiser_Motors_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.6</span> <span>Kaiser Motors Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaiser_Motors_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graham-Paige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graham-Paige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.7</span> <span>Graham-Paige</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graham-Paige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Willys-Overland_Motors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Willys-Overland_Motors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.8</span> <span>Willys-Overland Motors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Willys-Overland_Motors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Environmental initiatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chrysler_Defense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chrysler_Defense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Chrysler Defense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chrysler_Defense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Special programs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Special_programs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Special programs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Special_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radar_antennas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radar_antennas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Radar antennas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radar_antennas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Missiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Missiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Missiles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Missiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Space_boosters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Space_boosters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Space boosters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Space_boosters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chrysler</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="كرايسلر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كرايسلر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCA_US" title="FCA US – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="FCA US" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="کرایسلر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کرایسلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Фиат Крайслер САЩ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фиат Крайслер САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Group_LLC" title="Chrysler Group LLC – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chrysler Group LLC" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="کرایسلر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کرایسلر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9F%AC_(%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%85)" title="크라이슬러 (기업) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크라이슬러 (기업)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCA_US" title="FCA US – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="FCA US" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="קרייזלר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרייזלר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Group" title="Chrysler Group – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chrysler Group" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation" title="Chrysler Corporation – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Chrysler Corporation" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="क्रायस्लर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्रायस्लर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B1" title="كرايسلر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كرايسلر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="क्राइस्लर – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="क्राइस्लर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="クライスラー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クライスラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCA_US" title="FCA US – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="FCA US" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellantis_North_America" title="Stellantis North America – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Stellantis North America" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B1" title="کرایسلەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کرایسلەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Group" title="Chrysler Group – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Chrysler Group" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கிரைசுலர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிரைசுலர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E5%8B%92%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="克莱斯勒集团 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克莱斯勒集团" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%B3%E5%A3%AB%E6%8B%BF" title="佳士拿 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="佳士拿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%8B%92%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="克萊斯勒集團 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克萊斯勒集團" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Chrysler" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q181114#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Chrysler" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">North American subsidiary of automaker Stellantis</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the automobile manufacturer owned by <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>. For the automotive brand with the same name, see <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler (brand)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Chrysler (disambiguation)">Chrysler (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">FCA US, LLC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Stellantis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/220px-Stellantis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/330px-Stellantis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/440px-Stellantis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="108" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_(51378087937).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg/220px-Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg/330px-Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg/440px-Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center_%2851378087937%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3770" data-file-height="2356" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Auburn_Hills,_Michigan" title="Auburn Hills, Michigan">Auburn Hills, Michigan</a>, headquarters of Stellantis North America</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Stellantis North America</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Chrysler Corporation (1925–1998)</li><li>DaimlerChrysler (1998–2007)</li><li>Chrysler LLC (2007–2009)</li><li>Chrysler Group LLC (2009–2014)</li><li>Fiat Chrysler Automobiles US (2014–2021)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Motor_Company" title="United States Motor Company">United States Motor Company</a> (1910–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Motor_Company" title="Maxwell Motor Company">Maxwell-Chalmers</a> (1913–1925)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">June 6, 1925<span class="noprint">; 99 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1925-06-06</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">1000 Chrysler Drive</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Hills,_Michigan" title="Auburn Hills, Michigan">Auburn Hills, Michigan</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of locations</div></th><td class="infobox-data">See <a href="/wiki/List_of_Stellantis_North_America_factories" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Stellantis North America factories">List of Stellantis North America factories</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">North America</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Antonio Filosa (<a href="/wiki/Chief_operating_officer" title="Chief operating officer">COO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Brands</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram Trucks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">81,341 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Canada" title="Stellantis Canada">Stellantis Canada</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b>Footnotes / references</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-Chrysler-Mar-2013-10-K_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrysler-Mar-2013-10-K-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>FCA US, LLC</b>, <a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">doing business as</a> <b>Stellantis North America</b> and known historically as <b>Chrysler</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KRY</span>-slər</i></a>),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the "<a href="/wiki/Big_Three_(automobile_manufacturers)" title="Big Three (automobile manufacturers)">Big Three</a>" <a href="/wiki/Automobile_manufacturer" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile manufacturer">automobile manufacturers</a> in the United States, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Auburn_Hills,_Michigan" title="Auburn Hills, Michigan">Auburn Hills, Michigan</a>. It is the American subsidiary of the multinational automotive company <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>. Stellantis North America sells vehicles worldwide under the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram Trucks</a> nameplates. It also includes <a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a>, its automotive parts and accessories division, and <a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a>, its performance automobile division. The division also distributes <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maserati" title="Maserati">Maserati</a> vehicles in North America. </p><p>The original Chrysler Corporation was founded in 1925 by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a> from the remains of the <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Motor_Company" title="Maxwell Motor Company">Maxwell Motor Company</a>. In 1998, it merged with <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">Daimler-Benz</a>, which renamed itself DaimlerChrysler but in 2007 sold off its Chrysler stake. The company operated as Chrysler LLC through 2009, then as Chrysler Group LLC. In 2014, it was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a>; it subsequently operated as a subsidiary of the new <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> ("FCA"), then as a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a>, the company formed from the 2021 merger of FCA and <a href="/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group">PSA Group</a> (Peugeot Société Anonyme). </p><p>After founding the company, Walter Chrysler used the <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> <a href="/wiki/Market_segmentation" title="Market segmentation">brand diversification and hierarchy</a> strategy that he had become familiar with when he worked in the <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a> division at General Motors. He then acquired <a href="/wiki/Fargo_Trucks" title="Fargo Trucks">Fargo Trucks</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge Brothers Company</a>, and created the <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a> and <a href="/wiki/DeSoto_(automobile)" title="DeSoto (automobile)">DeSoto</a> brands in 1928. Facing postwar declines in market share, productivity, and profitability, as GM and Ford were growing, Chrysler borrowed $250 million in 1954 from <a href="/wiki/Prudential_Financial" title="Prudential Financial">Prudential Insurance</a> to pay for expansion and updated car designs.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chrysler expanded into Europe by taking control of French, British, and Spanish auto companies in the 1960s; <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a> was sold in 1978 to <a href="/wiki/Groupe_PSA#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupe PSA">PSA Peugeot Citroën</a> for a nominal $1. The company struggled to adapt to changing markets, increased U.S. import competition, and safety and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental regulation">environmental regulation</a> in the 1970s. It began an engineering partnership with <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi Motors</a>, and began selling Mitsubishi vehicles branded as Dodge and Plymouth in North America. On the verge of bankruptcy in the late 1970s, it was saved by <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation_Loan_Guarantee_Act_of_1979" title="Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979">$1.5 billion in loan guarantees from the U.S. government.</a> New CEO <a href="/wiki/Lee_Iacocca" title="Lee Iacocca">Lee Iacocca</a> was credited with returning the company to profitability in the 1980s. In 1985, <a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star Motors</a> was created, further expanding the Chrysler-Mitsubishi relationship. In 1987, Chrysler acquired <a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors Corporation</a> (AMC), which brought the profitable <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a>, as well as the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a>, brands under the Chrysler umbrella. In 1998, Chrysler merged with German automaker <a href="/wiki/Daimler-Benz" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler-Benz">Daimler-Benz</a> to form <a href="/wiki/DaimlerChrysler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="DaimlerChrysler AG">DaimlerChrysler AG</a>; the merger proved contentious with investors. As a result, Chrysler was sold to <a href="/wiki/Cerberus_Capital_Management" title="Cerberus Capital Management">Cerberus Capital Management</a> and renamed Chrysler LLC in 2007. </p><p>Like the other Big Three automobile manufacturers, Chrysler was impacted by the <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_crisis_of_2008%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010">automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010</a>. The company remained in business through a combination of negotiations with creditors, filing for <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Chapter_11_reorganization" title="Chrysler Chapter 11 reorganization">Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization</a> on April 30, 2009, and participating in a bailout from the U.S. government through the <a href="/wiki/Troubled_Asset_Relief_Program" title="Troubled Asset Relief Program">Troubled Asset Relief Program</a>. On June 10, 2009, Chrysler emerged from the bankruptcy proceedings with the <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a> pension fund, <a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a>, and the U.S. and Canadian governments as principal owners. The bankruptcy resulted in Chrysler defaulting on over $4 billion in debts. In May 2011, Chrysler finished repaying its obligations to the U.S. government five years early, although the cost to the American taxpayer was $1.3 billion. </p><p>Over the next few years, Fiat S.p.A. gradually acquired the other parties' shares. In January 2014, Fiat acquired the rest of Chrysler from the United Auto Workers retiree health trust, making Chrysler Group a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A.<sup id="cite_ref-autonews.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autonews.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2014, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles was established by merging Fiat S.p.A. into the company. Chrysler Group LLC remained a subsidiary until December 15, 2014, when it was renamed FCA US LLC, to reflect the Fiat-Chrysler merger.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the merger between <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">FCA</a> and <a href="/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group">PSA</a>, on 17 January 2021 it became a subsidiary of the <a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fox_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fox-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Chrysler" title="History of Chrysler">History of Chrysler</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1925–1998:_Chrysler_Corporation"><span id="1925.E2.80.931998:_Chrysler_Corporation"></span>1925–1998: Chrysler Corporation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1925–1998: Chrysler Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Chrysler company was founded by Walter Chrysler on June 6, 1925,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Motor_Company" title="Maxwell Motor Company">Maxwell Motor Company</a> (est. 1904) was re-organized into the Chrysler Corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Chrysler_Plant" title="Highland Park Chrysler Plant">company was headquartered</a> in the Detroit enclave of <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_Michigan" title="Highland Park, Michigan">Highland Park</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it remained until completing the move to its present Auburn Hills location in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chrysler had arrived at the ailing Maxwell-<a href="/wiki/Chalmers_Automobile" title="Chalmers Automobile">Chalmers</a> company in the early 1920s, hired to overhaul the company's troubled operations (after a similar rescue job at the <a href="/wiki/Willys" title="Willys">Willys</a>-Overland car company).<sup id="cite_ref-Kimes_2nd_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimes_2nd-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 1923, production of the Chalmers automobile was ended.<sup id="cite_ref-Kimes_2nd_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimes_2nd-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1924, Walter Chrysler launched the well-received Chrysler automobile. The <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Six" title="Chrysler Six">Chrysler Six</a> was designed to provide customers with an advanced, well-engineered car, at an affordable price. Elements of this car are traceable to a <a href="/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototype</a> which had been under development at Willys during Chrysler's tenure<sup id="cite_ref-Kimes_3rd_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimes_3rd-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original 1924 Chrysler included a carburetor air filter, high compression engine, full pressure lubrication, and an oil filter, features absent from most autos at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the innovations in its early years were the first practical mass-produced four-wheel hydraulic brakes, a system nearly completely engineered by Chrysler with patents assigned to <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a>, and rubber engine mounts, called "<a href="/wiki/Floating_Power" title="Floating Power">Floating Power</a>" to reduce vibration. Chrysler also developed a wheel with a ridged <a href="/wiki/Rim_(wheel)" title="Rim (wheel)">rim</a>, designed to keep a deflated tire from flying off the wheel. This wheel was eventually adopted by the auto industry worldwide. </p><p>The Maxwell brand was dropped after the 1925 model year, with the new, lower-priced four-cylinder Chryslers introduced for the 1926 year being <a href="/wiki/Badge-engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Badge-engineering">badge-engineered</a> Maxwells.<sup id="cite_ref-Kimes_4th_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimes_4th-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The advanced engineering and testing that went into Chrysler Corporation cars helped to push the company to the second-place position in U.S. sales by 1936, which it held until 1949. </p><p>In 1928, the Chrysler Corporation began dividing its vehicle offerings by price class and function. The <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a> brand was introduced at the low-priced end of the market (created essentially by once again reworking and rebadging the Chrysler Series 50 four-cylinder model).<sup id="cite_ref-Kimes_4th_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimes_4th-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, the <a href="/wiki/DeSoto_(automobile)" title="DeSoto (automobile)">DeSoto</a> brand was introduced in the medium-price field. Also in 1928, Chrysler bought the Dodge Brothers<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> automobile and truck company and continued the successful Dodge line of automobiles and Fargo range of trucks. By the mid-1930s, the DeSoto and Dodge divisions would trade places in the corporate hierarchy. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG/220px-Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG/330px-Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG/440px-Chrysler_Imperial_car-1955.JPG 2x" data-file-width="835" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>1955 Imperial car model, in its first year as a separate make, apart from Chrysler, shown on display at January 1955 Chicago Auto Show</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_(automobile)" title="Imperial (automobile)">Imperial</a> name had been used since 1926 but was never a separate make, just the top-of-the-line Chrysler. However, in 1955, the company decided to offer it as its own make/brand and division to better compete with its rivals, <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company" title="Lincoln Motor Company">Lincoln</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a>. This addition changed the company's traditional four-make lineup to five (in order of price from bottom to top): Plymouth, Dodge, DeSoto, Chrysler, and the now-separate Imperial.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="17" data-mwtitle="Chrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Chrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Chrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/Chrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga/Chrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AChrysler_Imperial_all_transistor_car_radio_audio_sound_news_clip.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption>1955 Chrysler – <a href="/wiki/Philco" title="Philco">Philco</a> all-transistor car radio – "Breaking News" radio broadcast announcement</figcaption></figure> <p>On April 28, 1955, Chrysler and <a href="/wiki/Philco" title="Philco">Philco</a> announced the development and production of the World's First All-Transistor car radio.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The all-transistor car radio, Mopar model 914HR, developed and produced by Chrysler and Philco, was a $150 option on the 1956 <a href="/wiki/Imperial_automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial automobile">Imperial automobile</a> models. Philco began manufacturing this radio in the fall of 1955 at its Sandusky Ohio plant.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 28, 1957, Chrysler announced the first production electronic fuel injection (EFI), as an option on some of its new 1958 car models (Chrysler 300D, Dodge D500, DeSoto Adventurer, Plymouth Fury). The first attempt to use this system was by American Motors on the 1957 <a href="/wiki/Rambler_Rebel" title="Rambler Rebel">Rambler Rebel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto.howstuffworks.com_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto.howstuffworks.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bendix_Corporation" title="Bendix Corporation">Bendix Corporation</a>'s Electrojector used a transistor computer brain modulator box, but teething problems on <a href="/wiki/Pre-production_car" title="Pre-production car">pre-production cars</a> meant very few cars were made.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EFI system in the Rambler ran fine in warm weather, but suffered hard starting in cooler temperatures and AMC decided not to use this EFI system on its 1957 Rambler Rebel production cars that were sold to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-auto.howstuffworks.com_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto.howstuffworks.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler also used the Bendix "Electrojector" fuel injection system and only around 35 vehicles were built with this option, on its 1958 production-built car models.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owners of EFI Chryslers were so dissatisfied that all but one were retrofitted with carburetors (while that one has been completely restored, with original EFI electronic problems resolved).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Valiant" title="Plymouth Valiant">Valiant</a> was also introduced for the 1960 model year as a distinct brand. In the U.S. market, Valiant was made a model in the Plymouth line for 1961 and the DeSoto make was discontinued in 1961. With those exceptions per applicable year and market, Chrysler's range from lowest to highest price from the 1940s through the 1970s was Valiant, Plymouth, Dodge, DeSoto, Chrysler, and Imperial.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1954, Chrysler was the exclusive provider of its Hemi V8 engine in the <a href="/wiki/Facel_Vega" title="Facel Vega">Facel Vega</a>, a French coachbuilder that offered their own line of hand-built luxury performance cars, coupled with the <a href="/wiki/PowerFlite" class="mw-redirect" title="PowerFlite">PowerFlite</a> and <a href="/wiki/TorqueFlite" title="TorqueFlite">TorqueFlite</a> automatic transmissions. The <a href="/wiki/Facel_Vega_Excellence" title="Facel Vega Excellence">Facel Vega Excellence</a> was a four-door hardtop with rear-hinged <a href="/wiki/Coach_door" class="mw-redirect" title="Coach door">coach doors</a> that listed for US$12,800 ($135,175 in 2023 dollars <sup id="cite_ref-inflation-US_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960 Facel Vega introduced the smaller <a href="/wiki/Facel_Vega#Facellia" title="Facel Vega">Facellia</a> sports car to capitalize on their sales success with Chrysler supplied engines. At the time, Chrysler didn't produce a four-cylinder engine, and the company had to find alternatives before production began. </p><p>From 1963 through 1969, Chrysler increased its existing stakes to take complete control of the French <a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a>, British <a href="/wiki/Rootes_Group" title="Rootes Group">Rootes</a>, and Spanish <a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a> companies, merging them into <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a> in 1967. In the 1970s, an engineering partnership was established with <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi Motors</a>, and Chrysler began selling Mitsubishi vehicles branded as Dodge and Plymouth in North America. </p><p>Chrysler struggled to adapt to the changing environment of the 1970s. When consumer tastes shifted to smaller cars in the early 1970s, particularly after the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a>, Chrysler could not meet the demand, although their compact models on the "A" body platform, the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Dart" title="Dodge Dart">Dodge Dart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Valiant" title="Plymouth Valiant">Plymouth Valiant</a>, had proven economy and reliability and sold very well. Additional burdens came from increased US import competition, and tougher government regulation of car safety, fuel economy, and emissions. As the smallest of the Big 3 US automakers, Chrysler lacked the financial resources to meet all of these challenges. In 1976, with the demise of the reliable Dart/Valiant, quality control declined. Their replacements, the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Aspen" title="Dodge Aspen">Dodge Aspen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Volare" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth Volare">Plymouth Volare</a>, were comfortable and had good roadability, but owners soon experienced major reliability problems which crept into other models as well. Engines failed and/or did not run well, and premature rust plagued bodies. In 1978, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Iacocca" title="Lee Iacocca">Lee Iacocca</a> was brought in to turn the company around, and in 1979 Iacocca sought US government help. Congress later passed the <i><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation_Loan_Guarantee_Act_of_1979" title="Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979">Loan Guarantee Act</a></i> providing $1.5 billion in loan guarantees.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Loan Guarantee Act</i> required that Chrysler also obtain $2 billion in concessions or aid from sources outside the federal government, which included interest rate reductions for $650 million of the savings, asset sales of $300 million, local and state tax concessions of $250 million, and wage reductions of about $590 million along with a $50 million stock offering. $180 million was to come from concessions from dealers and suppliers.<sup id="cite_ref-Hyde_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hyde-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1978, Iacocca offloaded the ailing European operation to <a href="/wiki/Groupe_PSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupe PSA">PSA Peugeot Citroën</a> for a nominal $1, taking with it the group's substantial losses and debts which had been dragging the rest of the business down. </p><p>After a period of plant closures and salary cuts agreed to by both management and the auto unions, the <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Reliant" title="Plymouth Reliant">Plymouth Reliant and Dodge Aries</a> compact was introduced in 1981 on the all-new <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_K_platform" title="Chrysler K platform">Chrysler K platform</a>, which was developed from the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Omni" title="Dodge Omni">Plymouth Horizon and Dodge Omni</a> hatchbacks, which were introduced in 1978. Chrysler returned to profitability in 1980, repaying the loans with interest in 1983. The Omni/Horizon were first offered with four-cylinder engines provided by Chrysler Europe brand Simca, then Volkswagen, until the all-new Chrysler engineered <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_2.2_%26_2.5_engine" title="Chrysler 2.2 & 2.5 engine">Chrysler K engine</a> arrived. Chrysler had not manufactured a four-cylinder engine since 1933 when the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_flathead_engine" title="Chrysler flathead engine">Chrysler flathead four-cylinder</a> was canceled. In November 1983, the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans_(S)" title="Chrysler minivans (S)">Dodge Caravan/Plymouth Voyager</a> was introduced, built on a modified K platform, establishing the <a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">minivan</a> as a major category, and initiating Chrysler's return to stability.<sup id="cite_ref-Hyde_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hyde-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, <a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star Motors</a> was created, further expanding the Chrysler-Mitsubishi relationship. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg/150px-ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg/225px-ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg/300px-ChryslerHQ-highres-colored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2512" data-file-height="2585" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Auburn_Hills,_Michigan" title="Auburn Hills, Michigan">Auburn Hills, Michigan</a>, completed in 1996. Photo was taken in 2002.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1985, Chrysler entered an agreement with <a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors Corporation</a> to produce <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_M_platform" title="Chrysler M platform">Chrysler M platform</a> rear-drive, as well as <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Omni" title="Dodge Omni">Dodge Omnis</a> front wheel drive cars, in AMC's <a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha, Wisconsin</a>, plant. In 1987, Chrysler acquired the 47% ownership of AMC that was held by <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a>. The remaining outstanding shares of AMC were bought on the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a> by August 5, 1987, making the deal valued somewhere between US$1.7 billion and US$2 billion, depending on how costs were counted.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler CEO <a href="/wiki/Lee_Iacocca" title="Lee Iacocca">Lee Iacocca</a> wanted the Jeep brand, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee_(ZJ)" title="Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ)">Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ)</a> that was under development, the new world-class manufacturing plant in <a href="/wiki/Bramalea,_Ontario" title="Bramalea, Ontario">Bramalea, Ontario</a>, and AMC's engineering and management talent that became critical for Chrysler's future success.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler established the <a href="/wiki/Jeep-Eagle" title="Jeep-Eagle">Jeep/Eagle division</a> as a "specialty" arm to market products distinctly different from the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_K_platform" title="Chrysler K platform">K-car-based</a> products with the <a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a> cars targeting import buyers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Former AMC <a href="/wiki/Car_dealership" title="Car dealership">dealers</a> sold <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a> vehicles and various new Eagle models, as well as Chrysler products, strengthening the automaker's retail distribution system. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Automobilwerk" title="Eurostar Automobilwerk">Eurostar</a>, a joint venture between Chrysler and <a href="/wiki/Steyr-Daimler-Puch" title="Steyr-Daimler-Puch">Steyr-Daimler-Puch</a>, began producing the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Voyager" title="Chrysler Voyager">Chrysler Voyager</a> in Austria for European markets in 1992. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1998–2007:_DaimlerChrysler"><span id="1998.E2.80.932007:_DaimlerChrysler"></span>1998–2007: DaimlerChrysler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1998–2007: DaimlerChrysler"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1998, Chrysler and its subsidiaries entered into a partnership dubbed a "merger of equals" with German-based <a href="/wiki/Daimler-Benz" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler-Benz">Daimler-Benz</a> AG, creating the combined entity <a href="/wiki/DaimlerChrysler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="DaimlerChrysler AG">DaimlerChrysler AG</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the surprise of many stockholders, Daimler acquired Chrysler in a <a href="/wiki/Stock_swap" title="Stock swap">stock swap</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before Chrysler CEO <a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Eaton" title="Robert James Eaton">Bob Eaton</a> retired. Under DaimlerChrysler, the company was named DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC, with its U.S. operations generally called "DCX". The Eagle brand was retired soon after Chrysler's merger with Daimler-Benz in 1998<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeep became a stand-alone division, and efforts were made to merge the Chrysler and Jeep brands as one sales unit.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2001, the Plymouth brand was also discontinued. </p><p>Eurostar also built the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_PT_Cruiser" title="Chrysler PT Cruiser">Chrysler PT Cruiser</a> in 2001 and 2002. The Austrian venture was sold to <a href="/wiki/Magna_International" title="Magna International">Magna International</a> in 2002 and became <a href="/wiki/Magna_Steyr" title="Magna Steyr">Magna Steyr</a>. The Voyager continued in production until 2007, whereas the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_300C" title="Chrysler 300C">Chrysler 300C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Grand_Cherokee" title="Jeep Grand Cherokee">Jeep Grand Cherokee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Commander" title="Jeep Commander">Jeep Commander</a> were also built at the plant from 2005 until 2010.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On May 14, 2007, DaimlerChrysler announced the sale of 80.1% of Chrysler Group to American <a href="/wiki/Private_equity" title="Private equity">private equity</a> firm <a href="/wiki/Cerberus_Capital_Management" title="Cerberus Capital Management">Cerberus Capital Management</a>, L.P., thereafter known as Chrysler LLC, although Daimler (renamed as <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">Daimler AG</a>) continued to hold a 19.9% stake.<sup id="cite_ref-dcx_20070514_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dcx_20070514-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007–2014:_Effects_of_Great_Recession"><span id="2007.E2.80.932014:_Effects_of_Great_Recession"></span>2007–2014: Effects of Great Recession</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2007–2014: Effects of Great Recession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The economic collapse during the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">Financial crisis of 2007–2008</a> pushed the company to the brink. On April 30, 2009, the automaker filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection to be able to operate as a going concern, while renegotiating its debt structure and other obligations,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which resulted in the corporation defaulting on over $4 billion in secured debts.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The U.S. government described the company's action as a "prepackaged surgical bankruptcy".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 10, 2009, substantially all of Chrysler's assets were sold to "New Chrysler", organized as Chrysler Group LLC. The federal government provided support for the deal with US$8 billion in financing at nearly 21%. Under CEO <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchionne" title="Sergio Marchionne">Sergio Marchionne</a>, "World Class Manufacturing" or WCM, a system of thorough manufacturing quality, was introduced and several products were re-launched with quality and luxury.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Ram, Jeep, Dodge, SRT, and Chrysler divisions were separated to focus on their own identity and brand, and 11 major model refreshes occurred in 21 months. The <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_PT_Cruiser" title="Chrysler PT Cruiser">PT Cruiser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Nitro" title="Dodge Nitro">Nitro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Liberty" title="Jeep Liberty">Liberty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caliber" title="Dodge Caliber">Caliber</a> models (created during DCX) were discontinued. On May 24, 2011, Chrysler repaid its $7.6 billion loans to the United States and Canadian governments.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrysler-May-2011-8-K_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrysler-May-2011-8-K-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US Treasury, through the <a href="/wiki/Troubled_Asset_Relief_Program" title="Troubled Asset Relief Program">Troubled Asset Relief Program</a> (TARP), invested $12.5 billion in Chrysler and recovered $11.2 billion when the company shares were sold in May 2011, resulting in a $1.3 billion loss.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 21, 2011, Fiat bought the Chrysler shares held by the US Treasury.<sup id="cite_ref-Chrysler-Jul-2011-8-K_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chrysler-Jul-2011-8-K-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purchase made Chrysler foreign-owned again, this time as the luxury division. The <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_300" title="Chrysler 300">Chrysler 300</a> was badged Lancia Thema in some European markets (with additional engine options), giving Lancia a much-needed replacement for its flagship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014–2021:_Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles"><span id="2014.E2.80.932021:_Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles"></span>2014–2021: Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2014–2021: Fiat Chrysler Automobiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 21, 2014, Fiat bought the remaining shares of Chrysler owned by the <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_Employee_Beneficiary_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association">VEBA</a> worth $3.65 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-autonews.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autonews.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several days later, the intended reorganization of Fiat and Chrysler under a new holding company, <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a>, together with a new FCA logo were announced.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most challenging launch for this new company came immediately in January 2014 with a completely redesigned <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_200" title="Chrysler 200">Chrysler 200</a>. The vehicle's creation is from the completely integrated company, FCA, executing from a global compact-wide platform.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (April 2014)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On December 16, 2014, Chrysler Group LLC announced a name change to FCA US LLC.<sup id="cite_ref-FCA_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FCA-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 12, 2017, FCA shares traded at the New York Stock Exchange lost value after the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</a> accused FCA US of using emissions cheating software to evade diesel-emissions tests,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however the company countered the accusations,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the chairman and CEO <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchionne" title="Sergio Marchionne">Sergio Marchionne</a> sternly rejected them.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following day, shares rose as investors played down the effect of the accusations. Analysts gave estimates of potential fines from several hundred million dollars to $4 billion, although the likelihood of a hefty fine was low.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">Senior</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Nelson (politician)">Bill Nelson</a> urged the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">FTC</a> to look into possible deceptive marketing of the company's diesel-powered SUVs. Shares dropped 2.2% after the announcement.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FCA US would in 2022, plead guilty to a criminal charge of conspiring to defraud the US, to wire fraud, and to violate the Clean Air Act.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 21, 2018, Sergio Marchionne stepped down as chairman and CEO for health reasons, and was replaced by John Elkann and Michael Manley, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of ending domestic production of more fuel-efficient passenger automobiles such as the Dodge Dart and Chrysler 200 sedans, FCA US elected to pay $77 million in fines for violating the anti-backsliding provision of <a href="/wiki/Corporate_average_fuel_economy" title="Corporate average fuel economy">fuel economy standards</a> set under the <a href="/wiki/Energy_Independence_and_Security_Act_of_2007" title="Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007">Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007</a> for its model year 2016 fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was again fined for the 2017 model year for not meeting the minimum domestic passenger car standard. FCA described the $79 million civil penalty as "not expected to have a material impact on its business."<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of a January 2019 settlement, Fiat Chrysler was to recall and repair approximately 100,000 automobiles equipped with a 3.0-liter V6 <a href="/wiki/EcoDiesel" title="EcoDiesel">EcoDiesel</a> engine having a prohibited <a href="/wiki/Defeat_device" title="Defeat device">defeat device</a>, pay $311 million in total civil penalties to US regulators and <a href="/wiki/CARB" class="mw-redirect" title="CARB">CARB</a>, pay $72.5 million for state civil penalties, implement corporate governance reforms, and pay $33.5 million to mitigate excess pollution. The company was also to pay affected consumers up to $280 million and offer extended warranties on such vehicles worth $105 million. The total value of the settlement was about $800 million, though FCA did not admit liability, and it did not resolve an ongoing criminal investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2024, Chrysler unveiled a concept for its first electric vehicle, the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Halcyon" title="Chrysler Halcyon">Chrysler Halcyon</a>, a battery-electric sedan.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logo_evolution">Logo evolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Logo evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Chrysler#Logos" title="History of Chrysler">History of Chrysler § Logos</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:First_chrysler_logo_1925.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1925–1955"><img alt="1925–1955" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/First_chrysler_logo_1925.png/72px-First_chrysler_logo_1925.png" decoding="async" width="72" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/First_chrysler_logo_1925.png/109px-First_chrysler_logo_1925.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/First_chrysler_logo_1925.png/145px-First_chrysler_logo_1925.png 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="197" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1925–1955</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_(1955_-_1962).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1955–1962"><img alt="1955–1962" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg/85px-Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg/128px-Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg/170px-Chrysler_Corporation_Logo_%281955_-_1962%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="314" data-file-height="272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1955–1962</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_logo_1962.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1962–1998"><img alt="1962–1998" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Chrysler_logo_1962.png/75px-Chrysler_logo_1962.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Chrysler_logo_1962.png/112px-Chrysler_logo_1962.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Chrysler_logo_1962.png/149px-Chrysler_logo_1962.png 2x" data-file-width="1896" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1962–1998</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1998–2007[n1 1]"><img alt="1998–2007[n1 1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg/85px-DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg/128px-DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg/170px-DaimlerChrysler_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="95" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1998–2007<sup id="cite_ref-daimcrh_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daimcrh-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n1 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_Group_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2007–2014"><img alt="2007–2014" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chrysler_Group_logo.svg/85px-Chrysler_Group_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chrysler_Group_logo.svg/128px-Chrysler_Group_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chrysler_Group_logo.svg/170px-Chrysler_Group_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="230" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2007–2014 </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2014–2021[n1 2]"><img alt="2014–2021[n1 2]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/85px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/128px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/170px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="203" data-file-height="75" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2014–2021<sup id="cite_ref-fcalogo_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fcalogo-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n1 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115px; height: 115px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stellantis.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2021–present[n1 3]"><img alt="2021–present[n1 3]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/85px-Stellantis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/128px-Stellantis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/170px-Stellantis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="108" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2021–present<sup id="cite_ref-stell_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stell-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n1 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-daimcrh-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-daimcrh_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Group" title="Mercedes-Benz Group">DaimlerChrysler</a> logo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fcalogo-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fcalogo_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> logo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stell-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stell_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a> logo</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_governance">Corporate governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Corporate governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg/170px-DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg/255px-DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg/340px-DimeBuildingDetroit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1901" data-file-height="2551" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_House" title="Chrysler House">Chrysler House</a> landmark executive offices in the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Financial_District" title="Detroit Financial District">Detroit Financial District</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, management positions of Stellantis North America include:<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Board_of_directors">Board of directors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Board of directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Carlos Zarlenga, COO (since February 2024)</li> <li>Richard Palmer, CFO</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Management_team">Management team</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Management team"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jeffrey Kommor: head of US sales</li> <li>Lottie Holland: head of diversity, inclusion, and engagement, FCA - North America</li> <li>Bruno Cattori: president and CEO, FCA Mexico, S.A. de C.V.</li> <li>Mark Champine: head of quality, FCA - North America</li> <li>Mark Chernoby: chief technical compliance officer, Stellantis N.V.</li> <li>Martin Horneck: head of purchasing and supply chain management, FCA - North America</li> <li>Mamatha Chamarthi: chief information officer, FCA - North America and Asia Pacific</li> <li>Marissa Hunter: head of marketing</li> <li>Philip Langley: head of network development, FCA - North America</li> <li>Ralph Gilles: head of design</li> <li>Michael Resha: head of manufacturing, FCA - North America</li> <li>Roger "Shane" Karr: head of external affairs, FCA - North America</li> <li>Michael J. Keegan: chief audit; sustainability and compliance officer</li> <li>Timothy Kuniskis: brand chief executive officer, Dodge and, Ram Trucks (left May 31, 2024)</li> <li>Christine Feuell: brand chief executive officer, Chrysler</li> <li>Jim Morisson: head of Jeep brand, FCA - North America</li> <li>João Laranjo: chief financial officer, FCA - North America</li> <li>Michael Bly: head of global propulsion systems, Stellantis N.V.</li> <li>Jeffrey P. Lux: head of transmission powertrain, FCA - North America</li> <li>Chris Pardi: general counsel and corporate secretary, FCA - North America</li> <li>Barbara J. Pilarski: head of business development, FCA - North America</li> <li>Carlos Zarlenga: chief operating officer</li> <li>Scott Thiele: head of portfolio planning, FCA - North America; head of global long-range plan coordination</li> <li>Joseph Veltri: head of investor relations</li> <li>Rob Wichman: ad interim head of product development, FCA - North America</li> <li>Larry Dominique: senior vice president, Alfa Romeo - North America</li> <li>Christopher G. Fields: vice president, U.S. employee relations</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sales_and_marketing">Sales and marketing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sales and marketing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_sales">United States sales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: United States sales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chrysler is the smallest of the "Big Three" U.S. automakers (Stellantis North America, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a>, and <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>). In 2020, FCA US sold just over 1.8 million vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_sales">Global sales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Global sales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chrysler was the world's 11th largest vehicle manufacturer as ranked by OICA in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Total Chrysler vehicle production was about 2.37 million that year. The company has since become a wholly-owned subsidiary and no longer reports global sales. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marketing">Marketing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Marketing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lifetime_powertrain_warranty">Lifetime powertrain warranty</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Lifetime powertrain warranty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007, Chrysler began to offer vehicle lifetime powertrain warranty for the first registered owner or retail lessee.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal covered owner or lessee in U.S., Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, for 2009 model year vehicles, and 2006, 2007, and 2008 model year vehicles purchased on or after July 26, 2007. Covered vehicles excluded SRT models, Diesel vehicles, Sprinter models, Ram Chassis Cab, Hybrid System components (including transmission), and certain fleet vehicles. The warranty is non-transferable.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Chrysler's restructuring, the warranty program was replaced by five-year/100,000 mile transferable warranty for 2010 or later vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""Let's_Refuel_America""><span id=".22Let.27s_Refuel_America.22"></span>"Let's Refuel America"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: "Let's Refuel America""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2008, as a response to customer feedback citing the prospect of rising gas prices as a top concern, Chrysler launched the "Let's Refuel America" incentive campaign, which guaranteed new-car buyers a gasoline price of $2.99 for three years.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the U.S. purchase of eligible Chrysler, Jeep, and Dodge vehicles, customers could enroll in the program and receive a gas card that immediately lowers their gas price to $2.99 a gallon, and keeps it there for the three years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lancia_co-branding">Lancia co-branding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Lancia co-branding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chrysler plans for <a href="/wiki/Lancia" title="Lancia">Lancia</a> to codevelop products, with some vehicles being shared. Olivier Francois, Lancia's CEO, was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler (division)">Chrysler</a> division in October 2009. Francois plans to reestablish the Chrysler brand as an upscale brand.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ram_trucks">Ram trucks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ram trucks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2009, Dodge's car and truck lines were separated, with the name "Dodge" being used for cars, minivans, and crossovers and "Ram" for light- and medium-duty trucks and other commercial-use vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-autoblog.com/2009_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autoblog.com/2009-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px; margin-bottom:10px;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Calendar year </th> <th>U.S. Chrysler sales </th> <th>%Chg/yr. </th></tr> <tr> <td>1999<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,638,561 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>2,522,695 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>4.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,273,208 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>9.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,205,446 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td>2,127,451 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004<sup id="cite_ref-prnewswire2006_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prnewswire2006-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,206,024 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005<sup id="cite_ref-prnewswire2006_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prnewswire2006-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,304,833 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>4.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006<sup id="cite_ref-pressrelease1_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pressrelease1-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,142,505 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007<sup id="cite_ref-pressrelease1_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pressrelease1-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,076,650 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,453,122 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>30% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>931,402 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>36% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>1,085,211 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>17% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>1,369,114 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>1,651,787 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>21% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td>1,800,368 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,090,639 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>16% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,243,907 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,244,315 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,059,376 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,235,204 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2,203,663 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,820,636 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 17.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,777,394 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,547,076 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 13.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,527,090 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,303,570 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 14.6% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""Imported_From_Detroit""><span id=".22Imported_From_Detroit.22"></span>"Imported From Detroit"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: "Imported From Detroit""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, Chrysler unveiled their "Imported From Detroit" campaign with ads featuring Detroit rapper <a href="/wiki/Eminem" title="Eminem">Eminem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Born_of_Fire" title="Born of Fire">one of which</a> aired during the Super Bowl. The campaign highlighted the rejuvenation of the entire product lineup, which included the new, redesigned, and repackaged 2011 model year 200 sedans and 200 convertibles, the Chrysler 300 sedan, and the Chrysler Town & Country minivan.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the campaign, Chrysler sold a line of clothing items featuring the <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Joe_Louis" title="Monument to Joe Louis">Monument to Joe Louis</a>, with proceeds being funneled to Detroit-area charities, including the Boys and Girls Clubs of Southeast Michigan, Habitat for Humanity Detroit and the Marshall Mathers Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2011, Chrysler Group LLC filed a lawsuit against Moda Group LLC (owner of Pure Detroit clothing retailer) for copying and selling merchandise with the "Imported from Detroit" slogan.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler claimed it had notified defendant of its pending trademark application February 14, but the defendant argued Chrysler had not secured a trademark for the "Imported From Detroit" phrase. On June 18, 2011, U.S. District Judge Arthur Tarnow ruled that Chrysler's request did not show that it would suffer irreparable harm or that it had a strong likelihood of winning its case. Therefore, Pure Detroit's owner, Detroit retailer Moda Group LLC, can continue selling its "Imported from Detroit" products. Tarnow also noted that Chrysler does not have a trademark on "Imported from Detroit" and rejected the automaker's argument that trademark law is not applicable to the case.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2012, Chrysler Group LLC and Pure Detroit agreed to a March 27 mediation to try to settle the lawsuit over the clothing company's use of "Imported from Detroit" slogan.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pure Detroit stated that Chrysler has made false claims about the origins of three vehicles - Chrysler 200, Chrysler 300 and Chrysler Town & Country - none of which are built in Detroit. Pure Detroit also said that Chrysler's Imported From Detroit merchandise is not being made in Detroit.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2012 Chrysler and Pure Detroit came to an undisclosed settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chrysler's <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_North_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson North Assembly">Jefferson North Assembly</a>, which makes the Jeep Grand Cherokee and Dodge Durango, is the only car manufacturing plant of any company remaining entirely in Detroit (General Motors operates a plant that is partly in Detroit and partly in Hamtramck).<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Eminem settled a lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a> alleging the defendant had ripped off the Chrysler 300 Super Bowl commercial in the <a href="/wiki/Audi_A6" title="Audi A6">Audi A6</a> Avant ad.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""Halftime_in_America""><span id=".22Halftime_in_America.22"></span>"Halftime in America"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: "Halftime in America""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Halftime_in_America" title="Halftime in America">Halftime in America</a></div> <p>Again in 2012, Chrysler advertised during the <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a>. Its two-minute February 5, 2012 <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLVI" title="Super Bowl XLVI">Super Bowl XLVI</a> advertisement was titled "Halftime in America". The ad drew criticism from several leading U.S. <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservatives</a>, who suggested that its messaging implied that President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> deserved a second term and, as such, was political payback for Obama's support for the federal bailout of the company.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asked about the criticism in a <i><a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a></i> interview with <a href="/wiki/Steve_Kroft" title="Steve Kroft">Steve Kroft</a>, Sergio Marchionne responded "just to rectify the record I paid back the loans at 19.7% Interest. I don't think I committed to do to a commercial on top of that" and characterized the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> reaction as "unnecessary and out of place".<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="America's_Import"><span id="America.27s_Import"></span>America's Import</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: America's Import"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, Chrysler started using a new slogan, "America's Import" in ads introducing their all-new 2015 <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_200" title="Chrysler 200">Chrysler 200</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-detroitnews.com_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-detroitnews.com-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> targeting foreign automakers from Germany to Japan with such ads (German performance and Japanese quality), and at the ending of selected ads, the advertisement will say, "We Built This", indicating being built in America, instead of overseas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slogans">Slogans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Slogans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Engineered to be Great Cars</i> (1998–2001)</li> <li><i>Drive = Love</i> (2002–2004)</li> <li><i>Inspiration comes standard</i> (2004–2007)</li> <li><i>Engineered Beautifully</i> (2007–mid 2010)<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Imported From Detroit</i> (2011–2014)<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>America's Import</i> (2014–2016)<sup id="cite_ref-detroitnews.com_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-detroitnews.com-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Product_line">Product line</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Product line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chrysler_Uconnect">Chrysler Uconnect</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Chrysler Uconnect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>First introduced as MyGig, Chrysler Uconnect is a system that brings interactive ability to the in-car radio and telemetric-like controls to car settings.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> As of mid-2015, it was installed in hundreds of thousands of Fiat Chrysler vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It connects to the Internet via the mobile network of <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a>, providing the car with its own IP address.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Internet connectivity using any Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep or Ram vehicle, via a Wi-Fi "hot-spot", is also available via <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Uconnect_Web" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Uconnect Web">Uconnect Web</a>. According to Chrysler LLC, the hotspot range extends approximately 100 feet (30 m) from the vehicle in all directions, and combines both Wi-Fi and <a href="/wiki/Sprint_Corporation" title="Sprint Corporation">Sprint's 3G</a> cellular connectivity.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Uconnect is available on several current<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (July 2015)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> and was available on several discontinued Chrysler models including the current <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Dart_(PF)" title="Dodge Dart (PF)">Dodge Dart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_300" title="Chrysler 300">Chrysler 300</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Aspen" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Aspen">Aspen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Sebring" title="Chrysler Sebring">Sebring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Town_and_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Town and Country">Town and Country</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Avenger" title="Dodge Avenger">Dodge Avenger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caliber" title="Dodge Caliber">Caliber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caravan" title="Dodge Caravan">Grand Caravan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Challenger" title="Dodge Challenger">Challenger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Charger_(LX)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodge Charger (LX)">Charger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Journey" title="Dodge Journey">Journey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Nitro" title="Dodge Nitro">Nitro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Ram" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodge Ram">Ram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2015, IT security researchers announced a severe security flaw assumed to affect every Chrysler vehicle with Uconnect produced from late 2013 to early 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_123-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It allows hackers to gain access to the car over the Internet, and in the case of a <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Cherokee_(KL)" title="Jeep Cherokee (KL)">Jeep Cherokee</a> was demonstrated to enable an attacker to take control not just of the radio, A/C, and windshield wipers, but also of the car's steering, brakes and <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmission (mechanics)">transmission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_123-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler published a <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patch</a> that car owners can download and install via a USB stick, or have a car dealer install for them.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_123-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brands">Brands</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Brands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Current and former brands of Stellantis North America: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current">Current</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Current"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="px">Origin </th> <th width="100px">Brand </th> <th>Estab. </th> <th width="px">Added </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></td> <td>1925</td> <td>1925</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></td> <td>1900</td> <td>1928</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></td> <td>1943</td> <td>1987</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a> <sup id="cite_ref-mopar_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mopar-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1937</td> <td>1937</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></td> <td>2010</td> <td>2010</td> <td>Previously Ram was a series of Dodge trucks and vans. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former">Former</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Former"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="50px">Origin </th> <th width="150px">Brand </th> <th>Estab. </th> <th width="px"><abbr title="Years under Chrysler Corp. ownership">Chrysler<br />Years</abbr> </th> <th>Fate </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors</a></td> <td>1954</td> <td>1987–1988</td> <td>Defunct, succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a> brand <sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td>Chrysler Amplex <sup id="cite_ref-amplex_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amplex-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1932</td> <td>1932–1988</td> <td>Sold to ICM Industries </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham-Paige" title="Graham-Paige">Graham Brothers</a></td> <td>1916</td> <td>1928-1929</td> <td>discontinued and trucks continued under Dodge and Fargo- Passenger car division continued independently as Graham-Paige </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td>Chrysler Marine <sup id="cite_ref-boat_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boat-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1927</td> <td>1927–1980</td> <td>Discontinued </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/DeSoto_(automobile)" title="DeSoto (automobile)">DeSoto</a> <sup id="cite_ref-desoto_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-desoto-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1928</td> <td>1928–1961</td> <td>Models consolidated and replaced by Chrysler Newport. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a> <sup id="cite_ref-eagle_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eagle-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1988</td> <td>1988–1998</td> <td>Discontinued </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fargo_Trucks" title="Fargo Trucks">Fargo</a></td> <td>1913</td> <td>1913–1972</td> <td>Discontinued <sup id="cite_ref-farg_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-farg-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td>1998–2011</td> <td>Sold to <a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Imperial_(automobile)" title="Imperial (automobile)">Imperial</a></td> <td>1955</td> <td>1955–1983</td> <td>Discontinued </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a></td> <td>1928</td> <td>1928–2001</td> <td>Discontinued, all unique/incoming models integrated into Chrysler Line up. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Valiant" title="Plymouth Valiant">Valiant</a></td> <td>1959</td> <td>1959–1976</td> <td>Discontinued <sup id="cite_ref-valianthist_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-valianthist-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">ITA</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lamborghini" title="Lamborghini">Lamborghini</a></td> <td>1963</td> <td>1987–1994</td> <td>Sold to Mycom / V'Power Corp.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">SPA</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a></td> <td>1954</td> <td>1969–1978</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">FRA</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a></td> <td>1934</td> <td>1967–1970</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">FRA</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matra#Matra_Automobiles" title="Matra">Matra</a></td> <td>1964</td> <td>1970–1979</td> <td>Joint venture; stake acquired by <a href="/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group">Peugeot</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a></td> <td>1887</td> <td>1967–1976</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commer" title="Commer">Commer</a></td> <td>1905</td> <td>1967–1979</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karrier" title="Karrier">Karrier</a></td> <td>1908</td> <td>1967–1979</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a></td> <td>1907</td> <td>1967–1976</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam</a></td> <td>1905</td> <td>1967–1976</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Singer_Motors" title="Singer Motors">Singer</a></td> <td>1875</td> <td>1967–1970</td> <td>Discontinued, became part of Chrysler Europe </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mopar-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mopar_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Replacement parts for Chrysler-built vehicles, as well as a brand for dealer service and customer service operations. It includes "Mopar Performance", a subdivision providing performance aftermarket parts for Chrysler-built vehicles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amplex-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-amplex_127-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Division that manufactured bearings and gears.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boat-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boat_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Division that built inboard, outboard engines, and various types of boats.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-desoto-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-desoto_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Desoto trucks were built and sold by Chrysler in Turkey until 1978, after which Askam took over the Turkish rights to the marque.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eagle-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eagle_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Name derived from the <a href="/wiki/AMC_Eagle" title="AMC Eagle">AMC Eagle</a> model after Chrysler took over American Motors in 1987.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-farg-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-farg_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Replaced by Plymouth Trucks in the US in 1937 and folded into the Dodge Division after 1972 in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-valianthist-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-valianthist_133-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Valiant was introduced in 1960 as a separate Chrysler brand, then was incorporated into the Plymouth line in the US starting in 1961.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brand_predecessors">Brand predecessors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Brand predecessors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maxwell-Chalmers">Maxwell-Chalmers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Maxwell-Chalmers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Motor_Company" title="Maxwell Motor Company">Maxwell</a> (1904–1926), US; new models renamed Chrysler and Plymouth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalmers_Automobile" title="Chalmers Automobile">Chalmers</a> (1908–1923) US for luxury cars; merged with Maxwell in 1922</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States_Motor_Company">United States Motor Company</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: United States Motor Company"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(1908–1913); reorganized and folded into Maxwell<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brush_Motor_Car_Company" title="Brush Motor Car Company">Brush</a> (1907–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoddard-Dayton" title="Stoddard-Dayton">Dayton</a> (1905–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampson_(automobile)" title="Sampson (automobile)">Alden-Sampson</a> (1910–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(automobile_brand)" title="Columbia (automobile brand)">Columbia</a> (1899–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riker_Electric_Vehicle_Company" title="Riker Electric Vehicle Company">Riker</a> (1897–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Vehicle_Company" title="Electric Vehicle Company">Electric Vehicle Company</a> (1899–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argo_(automobile)" title="Argo (automobile)">Argo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackett_(automobile)" title="Hackett (automobile)">Hackett</a></li> <li>Lorraine</li> <li>Detroit</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas-Detroit_(automobile)" title="Thomas-Detroit (automobile)">Thomas</a> (1906–1908)</li> <li>Sampson<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1903–1913)</li> <li>Stoddard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_Car_Co" title="Courier Car Co">Courier</a> (1909–1913)</li> <li>Providence</li> <li>Gray Marine Motor Company<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chrysler_Corporation">Chrysler Corporation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Chrysler Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graham-Paige#Graham_Brothers" title="Graham-Paige">Graham Brothers</a> (1916–1929) US; acquired by <a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">The Dodge Brothers Company</a> in 1925 with the passenger car division split to form Graham-Paige and folded into Dodge after Chrysler's ownership</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo_Trucks" title="Fargo Trucks">Fargo</a> (1913–1935) US, (1920–1972) Canada for trucks and vans; replaced by Plymouth Trucks in the US in 1937 and folded into the Dodge Division after 1972 in Canada<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rootes_Group">Rootes Group</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Rootes Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(1913–1971), UK; minority interest purchased by Chrysler in 1964, progressively taking controlling interest in 1967, renamed Chrysler Europe in 1971 </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam</a> (1901–1976), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a> (1898–1976), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Singer (car)">Singer</a> (1905–1970), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commer" title="Commer">Commer</a> (1905–1979), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a> (1907–1976), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karrier" title="Karrier">Karrier</a> (1908–1977), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Talbot (automobile)">Talbot</a> (1903–1958; 1979–1994), UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a> (1934–1977), France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a> (1959–1978), Spain</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="American_Motors_Corporation">American Motors Corporation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: American Motors Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(1954–1988), US; purchased by Chrysler and renamed Jeep-Eagle Division </p> <ul><li>AMC (Brand), (1967–1987) US; rebranded Eagle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Motor_Car_Company" title="Hudson Motor Car Company">Hudson</a> (1909–1957), US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerocar_(1905_automobile)" title="Aerocar (1905 automobile)">Aerocar</a> (1905–1908) US; Brand discontinued and Reorganized into Hudson Motors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_(automobile)" title="Essex (automobile)">Essex</a> (1918–1933), US; Folded into the main Hudson line</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraplane" title="Terraplane">Terraplane</a> (1932–1938), US</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Motors" title="Nash Motors">Nash</a> (1917–1957), US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_(automobile)" title="Jeffery (automobile)">Jeffery</a> (1903–1917), US; line dissolved and renamed Nash in 1915</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaFayette_Motors" title="LaFayette Motors">LaFayette</a> (1919–1940) US; folded into Nash</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_(Nash_Motors)" title="Ajax (Nash Motors)">Ajax</a> (1925–1926), US</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_(automobile)" title="Mitchell (automobile)">Mitchell</a> (1903–1923), US; purchased and renamed Ajax</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambler_(automobile)" title="Rambler (automobile)">Rambler</a> (1900–1914; 1950–1969), US</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Metropolitan" title="Nash Metropolitan">Metropolitan</a> (1959–1962), US<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM_General" title="AM General">AM General</a> US 1970–1983; the former contract division of AMC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kaiser_Motors_Corporation">Kaiser Motors Corporation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Kaiser Motors Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kaiser (1946–1955) US for entry level;<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> renamed Willys-Kaiser Motors, then to Kaiser-Jeep Corporation, purchased by AMC in 1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazer_(automobile)" title="Frazer (automobile)">Frazer</a> (1946–1951) US for entry level luxury; discontinued models incorporated in Kaiser</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Graham-Paige">Graham-Paige</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Graham-Paige"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(1927–1947), mid-priced cars; purchased by <a href="/wiki/Henry_J._Kaiser" title="Henry J. Kaiser">Henry Kaiser</a> and reorganized into Kaiser-Frazer Motors </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paige_automobile" title="Paige automobile">Paige-Detroit</a> (1908–1928) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewett_(automobile)" title="Jewett (automobile)">Jewett</a> (1922–1926)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Willys-Overland_Motors">Willys-Overland Motors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Willys-Overland Motors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(1912–1963) US; acquired by <a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Motors" title="Kaiser Motors">Kaiser Motors</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Jeep" title="Kaiser Jeep">Kaiser Jeep</a>, then by AMC in 1970 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Willys_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Willys Motor Company">Willys</a> (1908–1955) US; withdrawn from the US market in 1955, used as <a href="/wiki/Jeep_Wrangler" title="Jeep Wrangler">Jeep Wrangler</a> trim <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overland_Automobile" title="Overland Automobile">Overland</a> (1903–1926) US; acquired by Willys Motors in 1912, used as Jeep Wrangler trim</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Motor_Car_Company" title="Russell Motor Car Company">Russell</a> (1904–1916) Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_Aeroplane_and_Motor_Company" title="Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company">Curtiss</a> (1917–1920) US; sold to <a href="/wiki/Clement_Melville_Keys" title="Clement Melville Keys">Clement M. Keys</a> and merged with <a href="/wiki/Wright_Aeronautical" title="Wright Aeronautical">Wright Aeronautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stearns-Knight" title="Stearns-Knight">Stearns-Knight</a> (1898–1929) US; purchased by Willys in 1925</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_initiatives">Environmental initiatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Environmental initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1979, Chrysler, in cooperation with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">United States Department of Energy</a>, produced an experimental <a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery electric vehicle</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_ETV-1" title="Chrysler ETV-1">Chrysler ETV-1</a>. </p><p>In 1992, Chrysler developed the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_EPIC" title="Dodge EPIC">Dodge EPIC</a> concept minivan. In 1993, Chrysler sold a limited-production electric minivan called the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_TEVan" title="Chrysler TEVan">TEVan</a>; only 56 were produced, mostly for <a href="/wiki/Electric_utility" title="Electric utility">electric utilities</a>. A second generation, the EPIC (unrelated to the concept), was released in 1997 and discontinued in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chrysler once owned the <a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a> company, building low-speed <a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_electric_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhood electric vehicles">neighborhood electric vehicles</a>, but sold GEM to <a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> in 2011. </p><p>In September 2007, Chrysler established <a href="/wiki/Envi_(Automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Envi (Automobile)">ENVI</a>, an in-house organization focused on <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric-drive vehicles</a> and related technologies which was disbanded by late 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Krolicki_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krolicki-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2009, Chrysler took US$70 million in grants from the U.S. Department of Energy to develop a test fleet of 220 <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle" title="Hybrid vehicle">hybrid</a> pickup trucks and minivans. </p><p>The first hybrid models, the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Aspen" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Aspen">Chrysler Aspen</a> hybrid and the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Durango" title="Dodge Durango">Dodge Durango</a> hybrid, were discontinued a few months after production in 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-Edmunds.com_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edmunds.com-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sharing their GM-designed hybrid technology with GM, Daimler and BMW.<sup id="cite_ref-Car_and_Driver_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Car_and_Driver-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chrysler was on the Advisory Council of the <a href="/wiki/PHEV_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="PHEV Research Center">PHEV Research Center</a>, and undertook a government sponsored demonstration project with Ram and minivan vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, FCA CEO Sergio Marchionne stated that Chrysler and Fiat planned to focus primarily on alternative fuels, such as <a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">compressed natural gas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diesel_fuel" title="Diesel fuel">Diesel</a>, instead of hybrid and electric drivetrains for their consumer products.<sup id="cite_ref-wardsauto.com_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wardsauto.com-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fiat Chrysler bought a total of 8.2 million megagrams of U.S. <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emission</a> credits from competitors including <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> for the 2010, 2011, 2013, and 2014 model years.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had the worst fleet average fuel economy among major manufacturers selling in the US from model years 2012–2022.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chrysler_Defense">Chrysler Defense</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Chrysler Defense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems" title="General Dynamics Land Systems">General Dynamics Land Systems</a></div> <p>The dedicated tank building division of Chrysler, this division was founded as the Chrysler Tank division in 1940, originally with the intention of providing another production line for the <a href="/wiki/M2_Medium_Tank" class="mw-redirect" title="M2 Medium Tank">M2 Medium Tank</a>, so that the U.S. Army could more rapidly build up its inventory of the type. Its first plant was the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Arsenal_(Warren,_Michigan)" title="Detroit Arsenal (Warren, Michigan)">Detroit Arsenal Tank Plant</a>. When the M2A1 was unexpectedly declared obsolete in August of the same year, plans were altered (though not without considerable difficulty) to produce the <a href="/wiki/M3_Lee#Development" title="M3 Lee">M3 Grant</a> instead, primarily for the British as part of the United States under the counter support for the United Kingdom against Nazi Germany (the U.S. not yet being formally in the war), with the balance of the revised order going to the U.S. Army as the <i>Lee</i>. After December 1941 and the United States' entry into the war against the Axis powers, the Tank division rapidly expanded, with new facilities such as the <a href="/wiki/Packard_Proving_Grounds" title="Packard Proving Grounds">Tank Arsenal Proving Ground</a> at (then) <a href="/wiki/Utica,_Michigan" title="Utica, Michigan">Utica, Michigan</a>. It also quickly widened the range of products it was developing and producing, including the <a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman#U.S._design_prototype" title="M4 Sherman">M4 Sherman tank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_A57_multibank" title="Chrysler A57 multibank">Chrysler A57 multibank</a> tank engine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Special_programs">Special programs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Special programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During World War II, essentially all of Chrysler's facilities were devoted to building military vehicles (the <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a> brand came later, after Chrysler acquired <a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors Corporation</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were also designing V12 and V16 <a href="/wiki/Hemispherical_combustion_chamber" title="Hemispherical combustion chamber">hemi-engines</a> producing 2,500 hp (1,864 kW; 2,535 PS) for airplanes, but they did not make it into production as <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jets</a> were developed and were seen as the future for air travel.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the 1950s <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> period, Chrysler <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_air_raid_siren" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler air raid siren">made air raid sirens</a> powered by its Hemi V-8 engines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radar_antennas">Radar antennas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Radar antennas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the <a href="/wiki/Radiation_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation Laboratory">Radiation Laboratory</a> at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> was established in 1941 to develop <a href="/wiki/Microwave_radar" class="mw-redirect" title="Microwave radar">microwave radars</a>, one of the first projects resulted in the <a href="/wiki/SCR-584" class="mw-redirect" title="SCR-584">SCR-584</a>, the most widely recognized radar system of the war era. This system included a <a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">parabolic antenna</a> six feet in diameter that was mechanically aimed in a helical pattern (round and round as well as up and down). </p><p>One of Chrysler's most significant contributions to the war effort was in radar technology. For the final production design of this antenna and its highly complex drive mechanism, the Army's <a href="/wiki/Signal_Corps_Laboratories" title="Signal Corps Laboratories">Signal Corps Laboratories</a> turned to Chrysler's Central Engineering Office. There, the parabola was changed from aluminum to steel, allowing production to form using standard automotive presses. To keep weight down, 6,000 equally spaced holes were drilled in the face (this had no effect on the radiation pattern). The drive mechanism was completely redesigned, using technology derived from Chrysler's research in automotive gears and differentials. The changes resulted in improved performance, reduced weight, and easier maintenance. A large portion of the Dodge plant was used in building 1,500 of the SCR-584 antennas as well as the vans used in the systems.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_VZ-6" title="Chrysler VZ-6">Chrysler VZ-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Missiles">Missiles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Missiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1950, the U.S. Army established the Ordnance Guided Missile Center (OGMC) at <a href="/wiki/Redstone_Arsenal" title="Redstone Arsenal">Redstone Arsenal</a>, adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a>. To form OGMC, over 1,000 civilian and military personnel were transferred from <a href="/wiki/Fort_Bliss,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Bliss, Texas">Fort Bliss, Texas</a>. Included was a group of German scientists and engineers led by <a href="/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun" title="Wernher von Braun">Wernher von Braun</a>; this group had been brought to America under <a href="/wiki/Project_Paperclip" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Paperclip">Project Paperclip</a>. OGMC designed the Army's first <a href="/wiki/Short-range_ballistic_missile" title="Short-range ballistic missile">short-range ballistic missile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/PGM-11_Redstone" title="PGM-11 Redstone">PGM-11 Redstone</a>, based on the WWII German <a href="/wiki/V-2" class="mw-redirect" title="V-2">V-2</a> missile. Chrysler established the Missile Division to serve as the Redstone prime contractor, setting up an engineering operation in Huntsville and for production obtaining use from the U.S. Navy of a large plant in <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights,_Michigan" title="Sterling Heights, Michigan">Sterling Heights, Michigan</a>. The Redstone was in active service from 1958 until 1964; it was also the first missile to test-launch a live <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear weapon</a>, first detonated in a 1958 test in the South Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Working together, the Missile Division and von Braun's team greatly increased the capability of the Redstone, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">PGM-19 Jupiter</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Medium-range_ballistic_missile" title="Medium-range ballistic missile">medium-range ballistic missile</a>. In May 1959, a Jupiter missile launched two small monkeys into space in a <a href="/wiki/Nose_cone" title="Nose cone">nose cone</a>; this was America's first successful flight and recovery of live space payloads. Responsibility for deploying Jupiter missiles was transferred from the Army to the Air Force; armed with <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warheads" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear warheads">nuclear warheads</a>, they were first deployed in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> during the early 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Space_boosters">Space boosters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Space boosters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 1959, <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> chose the <a href="/wiki/Redstone_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Redstone missile">Redstone missile</a> as the basis for the <a href="/wiki/Mercury-Redstone_Launch_Vehicle" title="Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle">Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle</a> to be used for suborbital test flights of the <a href="/wiki/Project_Mercury" title="Project Mercury">Project Mercury</a> spacecraft. Three uncrewed MRLV launch attempts were made between November 1960 and March 1961, two of which were successful. The MRLV successfully launched the chimpanzee <a href="/wiki/Ham_(chimpanzee)" title="Ham (chimpanzee)">Ham</a>, and astronauts <a href="/wiki/Alan_Shepard" title="Alan Shepard">Alan Shepard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gus_Grissom" title="Gus Grissom">Gus Grissom</a> on three suborbital flights in January, May, and July 1961, respectively. </p><p>America's more ambitious crewed space travel plans included the design of the <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn series</a> of heavy-lift launch vehicles by a team headed by <a href="/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun" title="Wernher von Braun">Wernher von Braun</a>. Chrysler's Huntsville operation, then designated the Space Division, became <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Space_Flight_Center" title="Marshall Space Flight Center">Marshall Space Flight Center</a>'s prime contractor for the first stage of the <a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">Saturn I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">Saturn IB</a> versions. The design was based on a cluster of Redstone and <a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">Jupiter</a> fuel tanks and Chrysler built it for the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Michoud_Assembly_Facility" title="Michoud Assembly Facility">Michoud Assembly Facility</a> in East New Orleans, one of the largest manufacturing plants in the world. Between October 1961 and July 1975, NASA used ten Saturn Is and nine Saturn IBs for suborbital and orbital flights, all of which were successful;<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler missiles and boosters never suffered a launch failure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The division was also a subcontractor which modified one of the <a href="/wiki/Mobile_launcher_platform" title="Mobile launcher platform">mobile launcher platforms</a> for use with the Saturn IB rockets using Saturn V infrastructure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Carl_Breer" title="Carl Breer">Carl Breer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Building" title="Chrysler Building">Chrysler Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Hemi_engine" title="Chrysler Hemi engine">Chrysler Hemi engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Proving_Grounds" title="Chrysler Proving Grounds">Chrysler Proving Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Morrell_Zeder" title="Frederick Morrell Zeder">Frederick Morrell Zeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chrysler" title="History of Chrysler">History of Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Iacocca" title="Lee Iacocca">Lee Iacocca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the United States">List of automobile manufacturers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_engines" title="List of Chrysler engines">List of Chrysler engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">List of Chrysler factories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_platforms" title="List of Chrysler platforms">List of Chrysler platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_vehicles" title="List of Chrysler vehicles">List of Chrysler vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Ray_Skelton" title="Owen Ray Skelton">Owen Ray Skelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Sink" title="Virginia Sink">Virginia Sink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seida" title="Seida">Seida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Musketeers_(Studebaker_engineers)" title="The Three Musketeers (Studebaker engineers)">The Three Musketeers (Studebaker engineers)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_P._Chrysler_Museum" title="Walter P. Chrysler Museum">Walter P. Chrysler Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell-Chalmers_Automobiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxwell-Chalmers Automobiles">Maxwell-Chalmers Automobiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Motor_Company" title="United States Motor Company">United States Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors Corporation</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Countries">Countries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chrysler Fevre Argentina - sold to <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a> in 1980<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chrysler Kamyon Turkey - sold to the ASKAM in 2003.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Fiat Chrysler Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Canada" title="Stellantis Canada">Stellantis Canada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Chrysler-Mar-2013-10-K-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chrysler-Mar-2013-10-K_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1513153/000151315315000010/fcausllc-2014123110k.htm">"2014 Annual Report"</a>. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 4, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2014+Annual+Report&rft.pub=Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.date=2015-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F1513153%2F000151315315000010%2Ffcausllc-2014123110k.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2021" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Corey (August 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/business-0c24a927078573a51ec3f370c52696e5">"Automaker FCA US admits paying off union leaders; fined $30M"</a>. The Associated Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Automaker+FCA+US+admits+paying+off+union+leaders%3B+fined+%2430M&rft.date=2021-08-17&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Corey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fbusiness-0c24a927078573a51ec3f370c52696e5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.stellantisnorthamerica.com/newsrelease.do?id=23429&mid=425">"FCA US Reports Fourth-quarter and Full-year 2021 Sales Results"</a> (Press release). January 4, 2022. <q>FCA US LLC is a North American automaker based in Auburn Hills, Michigan. ... FCA US LLC is a subsidiary of Stellantis N.V.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FCA+US+Reports+Fourth-quarter+and+Full-year+2021+Sales+Results&rft.date=2022-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.stellantisnorthamerica.com%2Fnewsrelease.do%3Fid%3D23429%26mid%3D425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenat2004" class="citation book cs1">Genat, Robert (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yARkK-FHHO8C&q=1955+Prudential+chrysler+$250+million&pg=PA18"><i>Mopar Muscle</i></a>. Motorbooks. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780760320167" title="Special:BookSources/9780760320167"><bdi>9780760320167</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mopar+Muscle&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Motorbooks&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780760320167&rft.aulast=Genat&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyARkK-FHHO8C%26q%3D1955%2BPrudential%2Bchrysler%2B%24250%2Bmillion%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJefferys1986" class="citation book cs1">Jefferys, Steve (1986). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/managementmanage00jeff"><i>Management and Managed: Fifty Years of Crisis at Chrysler</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/managementmanage00jeff/page/107">107</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521304415" title="Special:BookSources/0521304415"><bdi>0521304415</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/13004251">13004251</a>. <q>1955 Prudential Chrysler</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Management+and+Managed%3A+Fifty+Years+of+Crisis+at+Chrysler&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F13004251&rft.isbn=0521304415&rft.aulast=Jefferys&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanagementmanage00jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1954/03/02/83747978.html?pageNumber=33">New York Times</a> 1954</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autonews.com-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autonews.com_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autonews.com_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autonews.com/article/20140121/OEM/140129980/fiat-completes-chrysler-acquisition-in-4-35-billion-deal#axzz2r8024er1">"Fiat completes Chrysler acquisition in $4.35 billion deal"</a>. <i>autonews.com</i>. January 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autonews.com&rft.atitle=Fiat+completes+Chrysler+acquisition+in+%244.35+billion+deal&rft.date=2014-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autonews.com%2Farticle%2F20140121%2FOEM%2F140129980%2Ffiat-completes-chrysler-acquisition-in-4-35-billion-deal%23axzz2r8024er1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160903205721/http://www.fcausllc.com/Pages/Home.aspx">"Chrysler Group LLC is now FCA US LLC"</a>. <i>fcausllc.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fcausllc.com/Pages/Home.aspx">the original</a> on September 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fcausllc.com&rft.atitle=Chrysler+Group+LLC+is+now+FCA+US+LLC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcausllc.com%2FPages%2FHome.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/merged-fiat-chrysler-psa-company-to-be-named-stellantis-11594837979">"Fiat Chrysler to Be Renamed Stellantis After Merger With PSA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i>. July 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Fiat+Chrysler+to+Be+Renamed+Stellantis+After+Merger+With+PSA&rft.date=2020-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fmerged-fiat-chrysler-psa-company-to-be-named-stellantis-11594837979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-stellantis-italy-idUSKBN2BH1WP">Stellantis weighs closing production line at Italy's Melfi plant - union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, 25 March 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fox-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fox_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxbusiness.com/lifestyle/fiat-chrysler-and-psa-group-rename-merged-automaker-stellantis">"Fiat Chrysler and PSA Group rename merged automaker 'Stellantis'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a></i>. July 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2022</span>. <q>Stellantis is rooted in the Latin verb "stello" meaning "to brighten with stars."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+Business&rft.atitle=Fiat+Chrysler+and+PSA+Group+rename+merged+automaker+%27Stellantis%27&rft.date=2020-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxbusiness.com%2Flifestyle%2Ffiat-chrysler-and-psa-group-rename-merged-automaker-stellantis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavisTell1995" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Mike; Tell, David (1995). "Section II Automobiles: Picking Up Steam". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nHhRAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Chrysler+Corporation,+founded+on+June+6,+1925%22"><i>The Technology Century: 100 years of The Engineering Society 1895–1995</i></a>. Engineering Society of Detroit. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56378-022-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56378-022-6"><bdi>978-1-56378-022-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Section+II+Automobiles%3A+Picking+Up+Steam&rft.btitle=The+Technology+Century%3A+100+years+of+The+Engineering+Society+1895%E2%80%931995&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Engineering+Society+of+Detroit&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-56378-022-6&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Tell%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnHhRAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522Chrysler%2BCorporation%2C%2Bfounded%2Bon%2BJune%2B6%2C%2B1925%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLockwood1968" class="citation web cs1">Lockwood, Cliff (October 18, 1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818121140/https://chryslerclub.org/walterp.html">"Early Chrysler Corporate History: 1903–1928"</a>. Chrysler Club pages. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chryslerclub.org/walterp.html">the original</a> on August 18, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Early+Chrysler+Corporate+History%3A+1903%E2%80%931928&rft.pub=Chrysler+Club+pages&rft.date=1968-10-18&rft.aulast=Lockwood&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chryslerclub.org%2Fwalterp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818121140/https://chryslerclub.org/walterp.html">"A Brief Look at Walter P. Chrysler"</a>. WPC News. 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Cherbo Publishing Group. p. 76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-882933-23-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-882933-23-5"><bdi>978-1-882933-23-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Michigan%3A+celebrating+a+century+of+success&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Cherbo+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-882933-23-5&rft.aulast=Malis&rft.aufirst=Carol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1992" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Warren (September 9, 1992). "Chrysler Moving Headquarters To Suburb of Detroit by 1995". <i>The Washington Post</i>. p. F1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Chrysler+Moving+Headquarters+To+Suburb+of+Detroit+by+1995&rft.pages=F1&rft.date=1992-09-09&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Warren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Chrysler to Move Its Headquarters". <i>The New York Times</i>. September 9, 1992. p. D3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chrysler+to+Move+Its+Headquarters&rft.pages=D3&rft.date=1992-09-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Chrysler to Say Goodby to Detroit". <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. The Associated Press. September 9, 1992. p. OCD3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Chrysler+to+Say+Goodby+to+Detroit&rft.pages=OCD3&rft.date=1992-09-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Chrysler Moves to Its New HQ". <i>The New York Times</i>. 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"Chalmers-Detroit/Chalmers". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5b-flfBgbtgC&q=%22salvage+job+at%22+%22Overland,+Walter+Percy+Chrysler%22+%22the+last+Chalmers+were+1924+models%22"><i>Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942</i></a> (2 ed.). Krause Publications. p. 257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-111-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-111-0"><bdi>0-87341-111-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Chrysler". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eA4ahvS96soC&q=%22Willys+Six+that+he+had+bought%22+%22free+to+develop+their+original+design%22"><i>Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942</i></a> (Third ed.). Krause Publications. p. 306. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87341-428-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87341-428-4"><bdi>0-87341-428-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Nation+of+Drivers&rft.date=2012-01-31&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052970204573704577187152424740014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kimes_4th-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kimes_4th_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimes_4th_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimesClark1996" class="citation book cs1">Kimes, Beverly Rae; Clark, Henry A. Jr. (1996). "Plymouth". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eA4ahvS96soC&q=%22Plymouth+at+New+York's%22+%22redesigned+from+the+four+cylinder+Chrysler+52+which+itself+had+metamorphosed+from+the+venerable+Maxwell+four%22"><i>Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942</i></a> (3 ed.). 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November 24, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211124/wOy6_uk3k3k">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021 – via youtube.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22The+Forward+Look%22+1955+Chrysler+Television+Advertisements&rft.date=2010-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DwOy6_uk3k3k&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DtyG9jQ1Ydc">"The Chrysler Corporation"</a>. August 19, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/carchive/youtube/20211124/DtyG9jQ1Ydc">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2021 – via youtube.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chrysler+Corporation&rft.date=2014-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DDtyG9jQ1Ydc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Chrysler Promises Car Radio With Transistors Instead of Tubes in '56". <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. April 28, 1955. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Chrysler+Promises+Car+Radio+With+Transistors+Instead+of+Tubes+in+%2756&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1955-04-28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016060841/http://www.radiomuseum.org/r/philco_mopar_914_hr_ch_c_5690hr.html">"Mopar 914-HR Ch= C-5690HR Car Radio Philco, Philadelphia"</a>. <i>Radiomuseum.org</i> (in German). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radiomuseum.org&rft.atitle=Mopar+914-HR+Ch%3D+C-5690HR+Car+Radio+Philco%2C+Philadelphia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiomuseum.org%2Fr%2Fphilco_mopar_914_hr_ch_c_5690hr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194514/http://www.chryslergroupllc.com/company/Heritage/Pages/Chrysler-Heritage-1950.aspx">"Chrysler Heritage 1950–1959"</a>. Chrysler Group. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2016</span> – via <a href="/wiki/HowStuffWorks" title="HowStuffWorks">HowStuffWorks</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consumer+Guide+Automotive&rft.atitle=Rambler+Measures+Up&rft.date=2007-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauto.howstuffworks.com%2F1957-1960-rambler-rebel2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAird2001" class="citation book cs1">Aird, Forbes (2001). <i>Bosch fuel injection systems</i>. HP Trade. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55788-365-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55788-365-0"><bdi>978-1-55788-365-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bosch+fuel+injection+systems&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=HP+Trade&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-55788-365-0&rft.aulast=Aird&rft.aufirst=Forbes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New Chrysler Fuel System Is Introduced". <i>Chicago Daily Tribune</i>. 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McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517778.pdf"><i>How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44517778.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span> 1800–present: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Reserve_Bank_of_Minneapolis" class="citation web cs1">Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/inflation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-">"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NADA+guides&rft.atitle=1958+Facel-Vega+Excellence+Prices+and+Values&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nadaguides.com%2FCars%2F1958%2Ffacel-vega%2Fexcellence%2F4-door-hardtop-sedan%2FValues&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/government-gives-chrysler-1-5-billion-loan"><i>Government gives Chrysler $1.5 billion loan</i></a>, A+E Networks, May 10, 1980<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Government+gives+Chrysler+%241.5+billion+loan&rft.pub=A%2BE+Networks&rft.date=1980-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fgovernment-gives-chrysler-1-5-billion-loan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hyde-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hyde_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hyde_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHyde2003" class="citation book cs1">Hyde, Charles K. 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Detroit: Wayne State University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">207–</span>232. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8143-3091-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8143-3091-6"><bdi>0-8143-3091-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Riding+the+Roller+Coaster%3A+History+of+the+Chrysler+Corporation&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E207-%3C%2Fspan%3E232&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8143-3091-6&rft.aulast=Hyde&rft.aufirst=Charles+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Chrysler">"Chrysler | American company"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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MBI Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/jeepcolorhistory00stev/page/117">117</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0636-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0636-9"><bdi>978-0-7603-0636-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Fiat+to+take+total+control+of+Chrysler+in+%243.65bn+deal&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fnewsbysector%2Ftransport%2F10546248%2FFiat-to-take-total-control-of-Chrysler-in-3.65bn-deal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2014/01/30/101918-following-initial-phase-with-two-corporate-logos-appearing-side-by.html">"New Fiat-Chrysler Merged Logo"</a>. The Auto Channel. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/chrysler/2014/12/16/chrysler-name-change-fca-us/20472137/">the original</a> on December 16, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1947), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625022825/http://cecom.army.mil/historian/docdisp.php?fname=RadarintheUSArmy_byRogerColton.pdf&dirname=Radar"><i>Radar in the United States Army</i></a>, vol. 33, Proceedings of the I.R.E., pp. <span class="nowrap">740–</span>753, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cecom.army.mil/historian/docdisp.php?fname=RadarintheUSArmy_byRogerColton.pdf&dirname=Radar">the original</a> on June 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radar+in+the+United+States+Army&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E740-%3C%2Fspan%3E753&rft.pub=Proceedings+of+the+I.R.E.&rft.date=1947&rft.aulast=Colton&rft.aufirst=Roger+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcecom.army.mil%2Fhistorian%2Fdocdisp.php%3Ffname%3DRadarintheUSArmy_byRogerColton.pdf%26dirname%3DRadar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bullard, John W.; "History Of The Redstone Missile System," Historical Monograph Project Number: AMC 23 M. Historical Division, Army Missile Command</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407094736/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=534">"Fact Sheet: Chrysler SM-78/PGM-19 Jupiter"</a>. National Museum of the U.S. Air Force. May 14, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=534">the original</a> on April 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fact+Sheet%3A+Chrysler+SM-78%2FPGM-19+Jupiter&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+the+U.S.+Air+Force&rft.date=2009-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalmuseum.af.mil%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D534&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBilstein1980" class="citation book cs1">Bilstein, Roger E. (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4206/sp4206.htm"><i>Stages to Saturn: A Technological History of the Apollo/Saturn Launch Vehicles NASA SP-4206</i></a>. DIANE Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-16-048909-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-16-048909-1"><bdi>0-16-048909-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stages+to+Saturn%3A+A+Technological+History+of+the+Apollo%2FSaturn+Launch+Vehicles+NASA+SP-4206&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-16-048909-1&rft.aulast=Bilstein&rft.aufirst=Roger+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.nasa.gov%2FSP-4206%2Fsp4206.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreund1980" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Freund, Klaus, ed. (August 1980). <i>Auto Katalog 1981</i> (in German). Vol. 24. Stuttgart: Motor Presse. p. 52.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Auto+Katalog+1981&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Motor+Presse&rft.date=1980-08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdler2000" class="citation book cs1">Adler, Dennis (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DALX2AsrZTcC&q=Chrysler&pg=PP1"><i>Chrysler</i></a>. MBI Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-0695-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-0695-8"><bdi>0-7603-0695-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chrysler&rft.pub=MBI+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-7603-0695-8&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDALX2AsrZTcC%26q%3DChrysler%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreerAnthony_J_Yanik1994" class="citation book cs1">Breer, Carl; Anthony J Yanik (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_djEK2wqmAIC&q=Chrysler&pg=PP1"><i>The birth of Chrysler Corporation and its engineering legacy</i></a>. Society of Automotive Engineers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1560915242" title="Special:BookSources/1560915242"><bdi>1560915242</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+birth+of+Chrysler+Corporation+and+its+engineering+legacy&rft.pub=Society+of+Automotive+Engineers&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1560915242&rft.aulast=Breer&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.au=Anthony+J+Yanik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_djEK2wqmAIC%26q%3DChrysler%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurcio2001" class="citation book cs1">Curcio, Vincent (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dt0uwGwuxPgC&q=Chrysler&pg=PP1"><i>Chrysler: The Life and Times of an Automotive Genius</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-507896-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-507896-9"><bdi>0-19-507896-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chrysler%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+an+Automotive+Genius&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-19-507896-9&rft.aulast=Curcio&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddt0uwGwuxPgC%26q%3DChrysler%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Goolsbee, Austan D., and Alan B. Krueger. "A retrospective look at rescuing and restructuring General Motors and Chrysler." <i>Journal of Economic Perspectives</i> 29.2 (2015): 3-24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.29.2.3">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYanik2009" class="citation book cs1">Yanik, Anthony J. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=12cAJiRcnWsC&q=Maxwell%20Motor%20and%20the%20Making%20of%20the%20Chrysler%20Corporation&pg=PP1"><i>Maxwell Motor and the Making of the Chrysler Corporation</i></a>. Wayne State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8143-3423-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8143-3423-2"><bdi>978-0-8143-3423-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maxwell+Motor+and+the+Making+of+the+Chrysler+Corporation&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8143-3423-2&rft.aulast=Yanik&rft.aufirst=Anthony+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D12cAJiRcnWsC%26q%3DMaxwell%2520Motor%2520and%2520the%2520Making%2520of%2520the%2520Chrysler%2520Corporation%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChrysler" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysler&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chrysler" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chrysler">Chrysler</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.stellantisnorthamerica.com/homepage.do">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181114#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chryslertestservices.com/">Chrysler Scientific Labs and Test Services</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secdatabase.com/CIK/1513153/Company-Name/CHRYSLER-GROUP-LLC">Chrysler SEC Filings</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516201937/http://www.secdatabase.com/CIK/1513153/Company-Name/CHRYSLER-GROUP-LLC">Archived</a> May 16, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_American_Engineering_Record" class="mw-redirect" title="Historic American Engineering Record">Historic American Engineering Record</a> (HAER) documentation, filed under 12200 East Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Wayne County, MI: <ul><li>HAER No. MI-24, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loc.gov/pictures/item/mi0194/">Chrysler Corporation</a>", 17 data pages</li> <li>HAER No. MI-24-A, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loc.gov/pictures/item/mi0356/">Chrysler Corporation, Manufacturing Plant</a>", 24 data pages</li> <li>HAER No. MI-24-B, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loc.gov/pictures/item/mi0357/">Chrysler Corporation, Office & Display Building</a>", 12 data pages</li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-240-322bw4pc">"Chrysler; Once Upon A Time and Now,"</a>, The <a href="/wiki/American_Archive_of_Public_Broadcasting" title="American Archive of Public Broadcasting">American Archive of Public Broadcasting</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chrysler_Group_LLC" title="Template:Chrysler Group LLC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chrysler_Group_LLC" title="Template talk:Chrysler Group LLC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler_Group_LLC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler Group LLC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stellantis_North_America435" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stellantis North America</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parent)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chrysler" title="History of Chrysler">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Auto_Strike" title="Chrysler Auto Strike">1939 strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Chapter_11_reorganization" title="Chrysler Chapter 11 reorganization">Chapter 11 reorganization</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Classic_Racing" title="Chrysler Classic Racing">Chrysler Classic Racing</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stellantis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/150px-Stellantis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/225px-Stellantis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/300px-Stellantis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="108" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Marques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">AMC</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–88)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commer" title="Commer">Commer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1905–79)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barreiros_(manufacturer)" title="Barreiros (manufacturer)">Barreiros</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1959–78)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeSoto_(automobile)" title="DeSoto (automobile)">DeSoto</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1928–61)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1988–98)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo_Trucks" title="Fargo Trucks">Fargo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1920–72)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1907–76)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1898–75)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_(automobile)" title="Imperial (automobile)">Imperial</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1955–75, 1981–83)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karrier" title="Karrier">Karrier</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908–77)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1928–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_Motors" title="Singer Motors">Singer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1905–70)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simca" title="Simca">Simca</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1934–77)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013–14)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1901–76)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Valiant" title="Plymouth Valiant">Valiant</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1960–66)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Divisions and <br />subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R/T" title="R/T">R/T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Canada" title="Stellantis Canada">Stellantis Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="American Motors">AMC</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1954–88)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Fevre_Argentina" title="Chrysler Fevre Argentina">Argentina</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1959–79)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Australia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1951–81)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Europe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1967–81)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">UK</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970–81)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envi_(automobile)" title="Envi (automobile)">Envi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007–09)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep-Eagle" title="Jeep-Eagle">Jeep-Eagle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–97)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TD_Auto_Finance" title="TD Auto Finance">Chrysler First Financial Services Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Automobilwerk" title="Eurostar Automobilwerk">Eurostar Automobilwerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamborghini" title="Lamborghini">Lamborghini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Parent<br /> companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a> <small>(2021–present)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Group" title="Mercedes-Benz Group">DaimlerChrysler</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Daimler-Benz)</span> of <i>DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2007)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus_Capital_Management" title="Cerberus Capital Management">Cerberus Capital Management</a> of <i>Chrysler LLC</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007–09)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Treasury">United States Treasury</a> of <i>Chrysler Group LLC</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–11)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a> of <i>Chrysler Group</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2011–14)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> of <i>Fiat-Chrysler US</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014–21)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Motor_Company" title="Maxwell Motor Company">Maxwell Motor Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Joint ventures <br />and alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Council_for_Automotive_Research" title="United States Council for Automotive Research">United States Council for Automotive Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: ;">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Askam_(trucks)" title="Askam (trucks)">Askam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DaimlerChrysler%E2%80%93Mitsubishi_alliance" title="DaimlerChrysler–Mitsubishi alliance">DaimlerChrysler–Mitsubishi alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Engine_Alliance" title="Global Engine Alliance">Global Engine Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Ferguson" title="Massey Ferguson">Massey Ferguson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Chrysler_people" title="Category:Chrysler people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Iacocca" title="Lee Iacocca">Lee Iacocca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lutz_(businessman)" title="Bob Lutz (businessman)">Bob Lutz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Robert_Kidder" title="C. Robert Kidder">C. Robert Kidder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._LaSorda" title="Thomas W. LaSorda">Thomas W. LaSorda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchionne" title="Sergio Marchionne">Sergio Marchionne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Rhodes" title="Louis Rhodes">Louis Rhodes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Factories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Chrysler_Plant" title="Highland Park Chrysler Plant">Highland Park Headquarters Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Proving_Grounds" title="Chrysler Proving Grounds">Proving grounds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_engines" title="List of Chrysler engines">Engines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_3.3_%26_3.8_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler 3.3 & 3.8 engine">3.3 & 3.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_A_engine" title="Chrysler A engine">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_LH_engine" title="Chrysler LH engine">LH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Hemi_engine" title="Chrysler Hemi engine">Hemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Pentastar_engine" title="Chrysler Pentastar engine">Pentastar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyspheric" title="Polyspheric">Polyspheric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_PowerTech_engine" title="Chrysler PowerTech engine">PowerTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_SOHC_V6_engine" title="Chrysler SOHC V6 engine">SOHC V6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Gasoline_Engine" title="World Gasoline Engine">WGE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_platforms" title="List of Chrysler platforms">Platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_transmissions" title="List of Chrysler transmissions">Transmissions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Three_(automobile_manufacturers)" title="Big Three (automobile manufacturers)">Big Three</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Utility_Cargo_Vehicle" title="Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle">Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chrysler" title="Category:Chrysler">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chrysler_Marine85" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chrysler_Marine" title="Template:Chrysler Marine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chrysler_Marine" title="Template talk:Chrysler Marine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler_Marine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler Marine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chrysler_Marine85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chrysler Marine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sailing_dinghy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailing dinghy">Sailing dinghies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buccaneer_18" title="Buccaneer 18">Buccaneer 18</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chrysler <a href="/wiki/Keelboat" title="Keelboat">keelboats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_20" title="Chrysler 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_22" title="Chrysler 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_26" title="Chrysler 26">26</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chrysler_plants315" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chrysler_Group_LLC_assembly_plants" title="Template:Chrysler Group LLC assembly plants"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Chrysler_Group_LLC_assembly_plants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Chrysler Group LLC assembly plants (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler_Group_LLC_assembly_plants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chrysler Group LLC assembly plants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chrysler_plants315" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chrysler</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">plants</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Detroit <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Jefferson" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Mack" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Elliott_Tool_and_Die" title="Mount Elliott Tool and Die">Mount Elliott</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Engine_Plant" title="Dundee Engine Plant">Dundee</a></li> <li>Kokomo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Casting" title="Kokomo Casting">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Transmission" title="Kokomo Transmission">Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Transmission" title="Indiana Transmission">Indiana Transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Transmission" title="Kokomo Transmission">Kokomo Transmission</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sterling Heights <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights_Assembly" title="Sterling Heights Assembly">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Stamping" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterling Stamping">Stamping</a></li></ul></li> <li>Toledo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Complex" title="Toledo Complex">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Machining" title="Toledo Machining">Machining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton_Engine_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Trenton Engine Plant">Trenton</a></li> <li>Warren <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Stamping_Plant" title="Warren Stamping Plant">Stamping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Truck_Assembly" title="Warren Truck Assembly">Truck Assembly</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly" title="Brampton Assembly">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etobicoke_Casting" class="mw-redirect" title="Etobicoke Casting">Etobicoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Assembly" title="Windsor Assembly">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Saltillo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo_Engine_Plant" title="Saltillo Engine Plant">Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo_South_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltillo South Engine">South Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saltillo_Stamping&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saltillo Stamping (page does not exist)">Stamping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saltillo_Truck_Assembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saltillo Truck Assembly (page does not exist)">Truck Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saltillo_Van_Assembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saltillo Van Assembly (page does not exist)">Van Assembly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluca_Car_Assembly" title="Toluca Car Assembly">Toluca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belvidere_Assembly_Plant" title="Belvidere Assembly Plant">Belvidere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conner_Avenue_Assembly" title="Conner Avenue Assembly">Conner Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Axle" title="Detroit Axle">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit/Hamtramck_Assembly" title="Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly">Detroit/Hamtramck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Chrysler_Plant" title="Highland Park Chrysler Plant">Highland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Foundry" title="Indianapolis Foundry">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha_Engine" title="Kenosha Engine">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_(Maywood)_Assembly" title="Los Angeles (Maywood) Assembly">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch_Road_Assembly" title="Lynch Road Assembly">Lynch Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Road_Engine" title="Mound Road Engine">Mound Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Assembly" title="Newark Assembly">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Assembly" title="Saint Louis Assembly">Saint Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twinsburg_Stamping" title="Twinsburg Stamping">Twinsburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly_(AMC)" title="Brampton Assembly (AMC)">Brampton (AMC)</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lago_Alberto_Assembly" title="Lago Alberto Assembly">Lago Alberto</a> (Mexico)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryton_plant" title="Ryton plant">Ryton</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitley_plant" title="Whitley plant">Whitley</a> (UK)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chrysler_factories" title="Category:Chrysler factories">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chrysler_assembly_plants" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chrysler assembly plants">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stellantis358" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stellantis" title="Template:Stellantis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stellantis" title="Template talk:Stellantis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stellantis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stellantis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stellantis358" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chrysler Group LLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Group" title="PSA Group">PSA Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Europe" title="Chrysler Europe">Chrysler Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/100px-Stellantis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/150px-Stellantis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stellantis.svg/200px-Stellantis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="108" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Elkann" title="John Elkann">John Elkann</a> (chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Tavares" title="Carlos Tavares">Carlos Tavares</a> (former CEO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DS_Automobiles" title="DS Automobiles">DS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abarth" title="Abarth">Abarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Professional" title="Fiat Professional">Professional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancia" title="Lancia">Lancia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maserati" title="Maserati">Maserati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries /<br />joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comau" title="Comau">Comau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Bank" title="FCA Bank">FCA Bank</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKAP" title="IKAP">IKAP</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leapmotor" title="Leapmotor">Leapmotor</a> (20%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopar" title="Mopar">Mopar</a></li> <li><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_Components_and_Modules_Automotive" class="extiw" title="it:Plastic Components and Modules Automotive">PCMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel" title="Sevel">Sevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_Now" title="Share Now">Share Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teksid" title="Teksid">Teksid</a> (85%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F" title="Tofaş">Tofaş</a> (38%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_Motori" title="VM Motori">VM Motori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Argentina" title="Stellantis Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Canada" title="Stellantis Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Europe" title="Stellantis Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_India_Automobiles" title="FCA India Automobiles">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Ireland" title="Fiat Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Japan" title="Stellantis Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Poland" title="FCA Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Serbia" title="Fiat Serbia">Serbia</a> (67%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factory<br />locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Wien" title="Opel Wien">Aspern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel#Sevel_Sud" title="Sevel">Atessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belvidere_Assembly_Plant" title="Belvidere Assembly Plant">Belvidere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly" title="Brampton Assembly">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_Stellantis_de_Buenos_Aires" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine Stellantis de Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Cassino_Plant" title="Alfa Romeo Cassino Plant">Cassino</a></li> <li>Detroit <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Jefferson" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Assembly_Complex_%E2%80%93_Mack" title="Detroit Assembly Complex – Mack">Mack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Engine_Plant" title="Dundee Engine Plant">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Eisenach" title="Opel Eisenach">Eisenach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Ellesmere_Port" title="Vauxhall Ellesmere Port">Ellesmere Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figueruelas" title="Figueruelas">Figueruelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Manufacturing_Poland" title="Opel Manufacturing Poland">Gliwice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel#Sevel_Nord" title="Sevel">Hordain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Transmission" title="Indiana Transmission">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSA_Kenitra_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Kenitra plant">Kenitra</a></li> <li>Kokomo <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Casting" title="Kokomo Casting">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokomo_Transmission" title="Kokomo Transmission">Transmission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Serbia#Plant" title="Fiat Serbia">Kragujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBC_Vehicles" title="IBC Vehicles">Luton</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_PSA_de_Madrid" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine PSA de Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Mangualde_Plant" title="Stellantis Mangualde Plant">Mangualde</a></li> <li>Turin <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Mirafiori" title="Fiat Mirafiori">Mirafiori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Mulhouse_Plant" title="Stellantis Mulhouse Plant">Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Poissy_Plant" title="Stellantis Poissy Plant">Poissy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Pomigliano_d%27Arco_plant" title="Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco plant">Pomigliano d'Arco</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usine_PSA_de_Porto_Real" class="extiw" title="fr:Usine PSA de Porto Real">Porto Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCsselsheim_am_Main" title="Rüsselsheim am Main">Rüsselsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Rennes_Plant" title="Stellantis Rennes Plant">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo_Engine_Plant" title="Saltillo Engine Plant">Saltillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Sochaux_Plant" title="Stellantis Sochaux Plant">Sochaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights_Assembly" title="Sterling Heights Assembly">Sterling Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Szentgotth%C3%A1rd" title="Opel Szentgotthárd">Szentgotthárd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Complex" title="Toledo Complex">Toledo Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Machining" title="Toledo Machining">Toledo Machining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluca_Car_Assembly" title="Toluca Car Assembly">Toluca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton_Engine_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Trenton Engine Plant">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Trnava_Plant" title="Stellantis Trnava Plant">Trnava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Manufacturing_Poland" title="Opel Manufacturing Poland">Tychy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Vigo_Plant" title="Stellantis Vigo Plant">Vigo</a></li> <li>Warren <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Stamping_Plant" title="Warren Stamping Plant">Stamping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Truck_Assembly" title="Warren Truck Assembly">Truck Assembly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Assembly" title="Windsor Assembly">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_World_Headquarters_and_Technology_Center" title="Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center">Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Aventure_Peugeot" title="Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot">Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellantis Heritage">Stellantis Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stellantis_vehicles" title="List of Stellantis vehicles">Stellantis vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stellantis_platforms" title="List of Stellantis platforms">Stellantis platforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Stellantis" title="Category:Stellantis">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stellantis" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stellantis">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_(2014–2021)385" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Template:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Template talk:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_(2014–2021)385" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Fiat Chrysler Automobiles</a> (2014–2021)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_S.p.A." title="Fiat S.p.A.">Fiat S.p.A.</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/120px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/180px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg/240px-Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="203" data-file-height="75" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Successor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellantis" title="Stellantis">Stellantis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Marques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abarth" title="Abarth">Abarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Professional" title="Fiat Professional">Professional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancia" title="Lancia">Lancia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maserati" title="Maserati">Maserati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FCA_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="FCA Italy">FCA Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Fiat Chrysler Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="FCA Canada">FCA Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Heritage" title="FCA Heritage">FCA Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="FCA Ireland">FCA Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCA_Poland" title="FCA Poland">FCA Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Joint_venture" title="Joint venture">Joint ventures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FCA_India_Automobiles" title="FCA India Automobiles">FCA India</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Serbia" title="Fiat Serbia">Fiat Serbia</a> (67%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat-Sollers" title="Fiat-Sollers">Fiat-Sollers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAC_Fiat_Chrysler" title="GAC Fiat Chrysler">GAC FCA</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Fiat_Automobile" title="Nanjing Fiat Automobile">Nanjing Fiat Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevel" title="Sevel">Sevel</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F" title="Tofaş">Tofaş</a> (37.8%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">FCA US</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">see <a href="/wiki/Template:Chrysler_Group_LLC" title="Template:Chrysler Group LLC">Chrysler template</a> for a list of marques, divisions and joint ventures</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comau" title="Comau">Comau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teksid" title="Teksid">Teksid</a> (84.8%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Fiat_Group_assembly_sites" title="List of Fiat Group assembly sites">List of assembly sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingotto" title="Lingotto">Lingotto</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nard%C3%B2_Ring" title="Nardò Ring">Nardò Ring</a> (former)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiat_people" title="Category:Fiat people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Agnelli" title="Andrea Agnelli">Andrea Agnelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elkann" title="John Elkann">John Elkann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Manley_(CEO)" title="Michael Manley (CEO)">Michael Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchionne" title="Sergio Marchionne">Sergio Marchionne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" title="Category:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fiat_Chrysler_Automobiles" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States747" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States747" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">Automotive industry in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicle<br />manufacturers<br />and brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Current <br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the United States">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGCO" title="AGCO">AGCO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Challenger_Tractor" title="Challenger Tractor">Challenger Tractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Ferguson" title="Massey Ferguson">Massey Ferguson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM_General" title="AM General">AM General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workhorse_Group" title="Workhorse Group">Amp Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcimoto" title="Arcimoto">Arcimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_Runner" title="Rhino Runner">Armour Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATK_motorcycles" class="mw-redirect" title="ATK motorcycles">ATK motorcycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocar_Company" title="Autocar Company">Autocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Corporation" title="Blue Bird Corporation">Blue Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc.">Caterpillar Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czinger" title="Czinger">Czinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Patrol_Vehicle" title="Desert Patrol Vehicle">Chenowth Racing Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Performance_Vehicles" title="Environmental Performance Vehicles">Environmental Performance Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equus_Bass_770" title="Equus Bass 770">Equus Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_River_(company)" title="Forest River (company)">Forest River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Bus_Incorporated" title="Champion Bus Incorporated">Champion Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElDorado_(bus_manufacturer)" title="ElDorado (bus manufacturer)">ElDorado National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaval_Bus" title="Glaval Bus">Glaval Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starcraft_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Starcraft Bus">Starcraft Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company" title="Lincoln Motor Company">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Vehicle_Team" title="Special Vehicle Team">SVT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems" title="General Dynamics Land Systems">General Dynamics Land Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V_series" title="Cadillac V series">Cadillac V series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Performance" title="Chevrolet Performance">Chevrolet Performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMC_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC (marque)">GMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillig" title="Gillig">Gillig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growler_Manufacturing_and_Engineering" title="Growler Manufacturing and Engineering">Growler Manufacturing and Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_Car" title="Club Car">Club Car</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_Search_and_Rescue_Tactical_Vehicle" title="Storm Search and Rescue Tactical Vehicle">HDT Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HME,_Incorporated" title="HME, Incorporated">HME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IC_Bus" title="IC Bus">IC Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Automotive" title="Karma Automotive">Karma Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laffite_X-Road" title="Laffite X-Road">Laffite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenco_BearCat" title="Lenco BearCat">Lenco Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucid_Motors" title="Lucid Motors">Lucid Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Trucks" title="Mack Trucks">Mack Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Luxury_Coaches" title="Millennium Luxury Coaches">Millennium Luxury Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Olson" title="Morgan Olson">Morgan Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Coach_Industries" title="Motor Coach Industries">Motor Coach Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Manufacturing" title="Pierce Manufacturing">Pierce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterbilt" title="Peterbilt">Peterbilt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoz" title="Panoz">Panoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Motorcycle" title="Indian Motorcycle">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Motorcycles" title="Victory Motorcycles">Victory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REV_Group" title="REV Group">REV Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Enterprises" title="Fleetwood Enterprises">Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Rambler" title="Holiday Rambler">Holiday Rambler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Laymor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeled_Coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheeled Coach">Wheeled Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivian" title="Rivian">Rivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Cameron_Glickenhaus" title="Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus">Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSC_North_America" title="SSC North America">SSC North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superformance" title="Superformance">Superformance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron" title="Textron">Textron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Cat" title="Arctic Cat">Arctic Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Z-Go" class="mw-redirect" title="E-Z-Go">E-Z-Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_(company)" title="Cushman (company)">Cushman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Tech" title="Trans Tech">Trans Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilimaster_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilimaster Corporation">Ultimaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIA_Motors" title="VIA Motors">VIA Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLF_Automotive" title="VLF Automotive">VLF Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xos,_Inc." title="Xos, Inc.">Xos, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_Motorcycles" title="Zero Motorcycles">Zero Motorcycles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Foreign <br />subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Truck_North_America" title="Daimler Truck North America">Daimler Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Honda_Motor_Company" title="American Honda Motor Company">Honda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acura" title="Acura">Acura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company#Regional_operations" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kia#Kia_Motors_America" title="Kia">Kia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_USA" title="Mercedes-Benz USA">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_North_America" title="Mitsubishi Motors North America">Mitsubishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissan_USA" title="Nissan USA">Nissan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infiniti" title="Infiniti">Infiniti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seres_Group" title="Seres Group">Seres Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seres_(automobiles)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres (automobiles)">Seres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stellantis</a><sup>1</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_America" title="Subaru of America">Subaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_North_America" title="Toyota Motor North America">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Engineering_%26_Manufacturing_North_America" title="Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America">Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_of_America" title="Volkswagen Group of America">Volkswagen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct /<br /> former <sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allis-Chalmers" title="Allis-Chalmers">Allis-Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Austin_Car_Company" title="American Austin Car Company">American Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kurrent" title="The Kurrent">American Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_LaFrance" title="American LaFrance">American LaFrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Motor_Car_Company" title="Hudson Motor Car Company">Hudson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essex_(automobile)" title="Essex (automobile)">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraplane" title="Terraplane">Terraplane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Motors" title="Nash Motors">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambler_(automobile)" title="Rambler (automobile)">Rambler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armor_Holdings" title="Armor Holdings">Armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_Motor_Car_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored Motor Car Company">Armored</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Automobile" title="Auburn Automobile">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurica_Motors" title="Aurica Motors">Aurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoette" title="Autoette">Autoette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avanti_(car)" title="Avanti (car)">Avanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Company" title="Avery Company">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Manufacturing_Company" title="Best Manufacturing Company">BMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Electric_Vehicle" title="Boulder Electric Vehicle">Boulder Electric Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_Motors_Corporation" title="Carbon Motors Corporation">Carbon Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checker_Motors_Corporation" title="Checker Motors Corporation">Checker Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clydesdale_Motor_Truck_Company" title="Clydesdale Motor Truck Company">Clydesdale Motor Truck Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coda_Automotive" title="Coda Automotive">Coda</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(automobile_company)" title="Commonwealth (automobile company)">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(automobile)" title="Cord (automobile)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Corporation" title="Case Corporation">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNH_Global" class="mw-redirect" title="CNH Global">CNH Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle-Scoot" title="Cycle-Scoot">Cycle-Scoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeLorean_Motor_Company" title="DeLorean Motor Company">DeLorean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duesenberg" title="Duesenberg">Duesenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durant_Motors" title="Durant Motors">Durant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flint_(automobile)" title="Flint (automobile)">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locomobile_Company_of_America" title="Locomobile Company of America">Locomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Truck" title="Mason Truck">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_(automobile)" title="Rugby (automobile)">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_(automobile)" title="Star (automobile)">Star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle Bus">Eagle Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur_(automobile)" title="Excalibur (automobile)">Excalibur</a></li> <li>FCA US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiberfab" title="Fiberfab">Fiberfab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitch_Four_Drive" title="Fitch Four Drive">Fitch Four Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Automotive" title="Fisker Automotive">Fisker Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Coachbuild" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Coachbuild">Fisker Coachbuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_Protection_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Force Protection Inc">Force Protection</a></li> <li>Ford <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Mark_II" title="Continental Mark II">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsel" title="Edsel">Edsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(automobile)" title="Mercury (automobile)">Mercury</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li>General Motors <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartercar" title="Cartercar">Cartercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmore_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmore (automobile)">Elmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Diesel_Division" title="General Motors Diesel Division">GM Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo_(automobile)" title="Geo (automobile)">Geo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_(automobile)" title="LaSalle (automobile)">LaSalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_(automobile)" title="Marquette (automobile)">Marquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaughlin_Motor_Car_Company" title="McLaughlin Motor Car Company">McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Motor_Car_Company" title="Oakland Motor Car Company">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Corporation" title="Saturn Corporation">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps-Booth" title="Scripps-Booth">Scripps-Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_(automobile)" title="Sheridan (automobile)">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Coach_Manufacturing_Company" title="Yellow Coach Manufacturing Company">Yellow Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goshen_Coach" title="Goshen Coach">Goshen Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Vehicles" title="Green Vehicles">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenTech_Automotive" title="GreenTech Automotive">GreenTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman" title="Grumman">Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henney_Kilowatt" title="Henney Kilowatt">Henney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester" title="International Harvester">International Harvester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_(automobile)" title="Jeffery (automobile)">Jeffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Frazer" title="Kaiser-Frazer">Kaiser-Frazer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allstate_(automobile)" title="Allstate (automobile)">Allstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazer_(automobile)" title="Frazer (automobile)">Frazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J" title="Henry J">Henry J</a></li> <li>Kaiser</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willys" title="Willys">Willys</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Motors" title="Local Motors">Local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Motor_Works" title="Marathon Motor Works">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon_Motor_Car_Company" title="Marmon Motor Car Company">Marmon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_(automobile)" title="Roosevelt (automobile)">Roosevelt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_(automobile)" title="Marvel (automobile)">Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matbro" title="Matbro">Matbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_(automobile)" title="Mercer (automobile)">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco_Coach_Corporation" title="Monaco Coach Corporation">Monaco Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosler_Automotive" title="Mosler Automotive">Mosler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MotoCzysz" title="MotoCzysz">MotoCzysz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntz_Car_Company" title="Muntz Car Company">Muntz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NUMMI" title="NUMMI">New United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Bus_Industries" title="North American Bus Industries">North American Bus Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Farm_Equipment_Company" title="Oliver Farm Equipment Company">Oliver Farm Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard" title="Packard">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerless_Motor_Company" title="Peerless Motor Company">Peerless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce-Arrow_Motor_Car_Company" title="Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company">Pierce-Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebring_Vanguard" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebring Vanguard">Sebring Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Trucks" title="Sterling Trucks">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker" title="Studebaker">Studebaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_(automobile)" title="Erskine (automobile)">Erskine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockne" title="Rockne">Rockne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stutz_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Stutz Motor Company">Stutz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scion_(automobile)" title="Scion (automobile)">Scion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Century_Motor_Car_Corporation" title="Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation">Twentieth Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Defense" title="United Defense">United Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Production_Group" title="Vehicle Production Group">VPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visionary_Vehicles" title="Visionary Vehicles">Visionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VL_Automotive" class="mw-redirect" title="VL Automotive">VL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Motor_Company" title="White Motor Company">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_(motor_company)" title="Wildfire (motor company)">Wildfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZAP_(motor_company)" title="ZAP (motor company)">ZAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimmer_(automobile)" title="Zimmer (automobile)">Zimmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concept and <br />pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Motor_Corporation" title="Alpha Motor Corporation">Alpha Motor Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptera_Motors" title="Aptera Motors">Aptera Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollinger_Motors" title="Bollinger Motors">Bollinger Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoo" title="Canoo">Canoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Commuter Cars">Commuter Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Motors" title="Elio Motors">Elio Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday_Future" title="Faraday Future">Faraday Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Inc">Fisker Inc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lordstown_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Lordstown Motors">Lordstown Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myers_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Myers Motors">Myers Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Corporation" title="Nikola Corporation">Nikola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trion_Supercars" title="Trion Supercars">Trion Supercars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW Spartanburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Current_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Current_factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Honda_assembly_plants" title="List of Honda assembly plants">Honda (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama" title="Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama">Hyundai (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Group_Metaplant_America" title="Hyundai Motor Group Metaplant America">Hyundai Metaplant (Georgia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kia_design_and_manufacturing_facilities#Kia_Motors_Manufacturing_Georgia_(KMMG)" title="List of Kia design and manufacturing facilities">Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_U.S._International" title="Mercedes-Benz U.S. International">Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_Indiana_Automotive" title="Subaru of Indiana Automotive">Subaru (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tesla_factories" title="List of Tesla factories">Tesla (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Chattanooga_Assembly_Plant" title="Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant">Volkswagen (Chattanooga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Former_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Closed_or_sold_Factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard_Automotive_Plant" title="Packard Automotive Plant">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westmoreland_Assembly" title="Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly">Volkswagen (Westmoreland)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Auto component <br />makers and <br /><a href="/wiki/Performance_car" title="Performance car">performance car</a> <br />modders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Transmission" title="Allison Transmission">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Expedition_Vehicles" title="American Expedition Vehicles">American Expedition Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiv" title="Aptiv">Aptiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BFGoodrich" title="BFGoodrich">BFGoodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BorgWarner" title="BorgWarner">BorgWarner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummins" title="Cummins">Cummins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brammo" title="Brammo">Brammo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Diesel" title="Detroit Diesel">Detroit Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_Corporation" title="Eaton Corporation">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firestone_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Firestone Tire and Rubber Company">Firestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Tire" title="General Tire">General Tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company">Goodyear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Tire_%26_Rubber_Company" title="Cooper Tire & Rubber Company">Cooper Tire & Rubber Company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennessey_Performance_Engineering" title="Hennessey Performance Engineering">Hennessey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Classic_Trucks" title="Legacy Classic Trucks">Legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingenfelter_Performance_Engineering" title="Lingenfelter Performance Engineering">Lingenfelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexteer_Automotive" title="Nexteer Automotive">Nexteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Motorcars" title="Phoenix Motorcars">Phoenix Motorcars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proterra_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Proterra (bus manufacturer)">Proterra (bus manufacturer)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remy_International" title="Remy International">Remy International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleen" title="Saleen">Saleen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_American" title="Shelby American">Shelby American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timken_Company" title="Timken Company">Timken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrington_Company" title="Torrington Company">Torrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visteon" title="Visteon">Visteon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Design studios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calty_Design_Research" title="Calty Design Research">Calty Design Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designworks" title="Designworks">Designworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Automotive Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheego_Electric_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheego Electric Cars">Wheego Electric Cars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Massachusetts" title="Automotive industry in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Automobile_Association" title="American Automobile Association">AAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Auto_Show" title="Chicago Auto Show">Chicago Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobiles_manufactured_in_the_United_States" title="List of automobiles manufactured in the United States">List of automobiles manufactured in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_International_Auto_Show" title="New York International Auto Show">New York International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_International_Auto_Show" title="North American International Auto Show">North American International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAE_International" title="SAE International">SAE International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.</li> <li><sup>2</sup> Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Automotive industry in the United States">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Recession270" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Recession" title="Template:Great Recession"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Recession" title="Template talk:Great Recession"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Recession" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Recession"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Recession270" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Africa" title="Great Recession in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_Americas" title="Great Recession in the Americas">Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_South_America" title="Great Recession in South America">South America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Asia" title="Great Recession in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Europe" title="Great Recession in Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932011_Icelandic_financial_crisis" title="2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis">Iceland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Oceania" title="Great Recession in Oceania">Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_crisis_of_2008%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010">Automotive industry crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932012_California_budget_crisis" title="2008–2012 California budget crisis">California budget crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_housing_bubble" class="mw-redirect" title="United States housing bubble">Housing bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_housing_market_correction" class="mw-redirect" title="United States housing market correction">Housing market correction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis" title="Subprime mortgage crisis">Subprime mortgage crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banking losses and fraud</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libor_scandal" title="Libor scandal">Libor scandal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hayes_(trader)" title="Tom Hayes (trader)">Tom Hayes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_trading_loss" title="2008 Société Générale trading loss">Société Générale trading loss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icesave_dispute" title="Icesave dispute">Icesave dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forex_scandal" title="Forex scandal">Forex scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Madoff" title="Bernie Madoff">Bernie Madoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Petters" title="Tom Petters">Tom Petters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_W._Rothstein" title="Scott W. Rothstein">Scott W. Rothstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Stanford" title="Allen Stanford">Allen Stanford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consumer_Financial_Protection_Bureau" title="Consumer Financial Protection Bureau">Consumer Financial Protection Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Deposit_Insurance_Corporation" title="Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation">Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Home_Loan_Banks" title="Federal Home Loan Banks">Federal Home Loan Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Housing_Administration" title="Federal Housing Administration">Federal Housing Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Housing_Finance_Agency" title="Federal Housing Finance Agency">Federal Housing Finance Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Housing_Finance_Board" title="Federal Housing Finance Board">Federal Housing Finance Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve System">Federal Reserve System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_National_Mortgage_Association" title="Government National Mortgage Association">Government National Mortgage Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Asset_Management_Agency" title="National Asset Management Agency">National Asset Management Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Federal_Housing_Enterprise_Oversight" title="Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight">Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_for_Financial_Stability" title="Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability">Office of Financial Stability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Financial_Investments" title="UK Financial Investments">UK Financial Investments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Government_policy_and_spending_responses162" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Government policy and spending responses</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banking and finance<br /> stability and reform</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_(Special_Provisions)_Act_2008" title="Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008">Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan%E2%80%93South_Korea_trilateral_summit" title="China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit">China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Paper_Funding_Facility" title="Commercial Paper Funding Facility">Commercial Paper Funding Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodd%E2%80%93Frank_Wall_Street_Reform_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act">Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Economic_Stabilization_Act_of_2008" title="Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008">Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_emergency_budget,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish emergency budget, 2009">Irish emergency budget, 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporary_Liquidity_Guarantee_Program" title="Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program">Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Term_Asset-Backed_Securities_Loan_Facility" title="Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility">Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troubled_Asset_Relief_Program" title="Troubled Asset Relief Program">Troubled Asset Relief Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_Kingdom_bank_rescue_package" title="2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package">2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bank_stress_tests17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bank stress tests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_European_Union_bank_stress_test" title="2010 European Union bank stress test">EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Supervisory_Capital_Assessment_Program" title="2009 Supervisory Capital Assessment Program">U.S.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stimulus and recovery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_European_Union_stimulus_plan" title="2008 European Union stimulus plan">2008 European Union stimulus plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932009_Keynesian_resurgence" title="2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence">2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_stimulus_program" title="Chinese economic stimulus program">Chinese economic stimulus program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Stimulus_Act_of_2008" title="Economic Stimulus Act of 2008">Economic Stimulus Act of 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraud_Enforcement_and_Recovery_Act_of_2009" title="Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009">Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_New_Deal" title="Green New Deal">Green New Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_and_Economic_Recovery_Act_of_2008" title="Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008">Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_fiscal_policy_response_to_the_Great_Recession" class="mw-redirect" title="National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession">National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_interest-rate_policy" title="Zero interest-rate policy">Zero interest-rate policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government interventions,<br /> rescues, and acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_acquired_or_bankrupted_during_the_Great_Recession" title="List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great Recession">List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great Recession</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-banking11" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-banking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Securities involved <br /> and financial markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auction_rate_security" title="Auction rate security">Auction rate securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collateralized_debt_obligation" title="Collateralized debt obligation">Collateralized debt obligations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collateralized_mortgage_obligation" title="Collateralized mortgage obligation">Collateralized mortgage obligations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credit_default_swap" title="Credit default swap">Credit default swaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortgage-backed_security" title="Mortgage-backed security">Mortgage-backed securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_mortgage_market" title="Secondary mortgage market">Secondary mortgage market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social responses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_protests" title="Tea Party protests">Tea Party protests</a> (United States; c. 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_May_Day_protests" title="2009 May Day protests">2009 May Day protests</a> (Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Asia; 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a> (MENA; 2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_movement" title="Occupy movement">Occupy movement</a> (worldwide; 2011–2012) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street" title="Occupy Wall Street">Occupy Wall Street</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000s_energy_crisis" title="2000s energy crisis">2000s energy crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Central_Asia_energy_crisis" title="2008 Central Asia energy crisis">2008 Central Asia energy crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_the_Great_Recession_on_museums" title="Effects of the Great Recession on museums">Effects of the Great Recession on museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_of_newspapers" title="Decline of newspapers">Decline of newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_world_food_price_crisis" title="2007–2008 world food price crisis">2007–2008 world food price crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retail_apocalypse" title="Retail apocalypse">Retail apocalypse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European debt crisis">European debt crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">2007–2008 financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by public debt">List of countries by public debt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181114#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1148" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181114#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1148" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181114#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Chrysler Corporation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20010710454&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Chrysler (automobily)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph702023&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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