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<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title data-rh="true">Surgeons Beware: AI-Powered Robots Are Learning to Operate — And They’re Getting Scary Good | by Coby Mendoza | Nov, 2024 | Artificial Intelligence in Plain English</title><meta data-rh="true" charset="utf-8"/><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1"/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:package" content="com.medium.reader"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="542599432471018"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:published_time" content="2024-11-26T08:27:33.112Z"/><meta data-rh="true" name="title" content="Surgeons Beware: AI-Powered Robots Are Learning to Operate — And They’re Getting Scary Good | by Coby Mendoza | Nov, 2024 | Artificial Intelligence in Plain English"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Surgeons Beware: AI-Powered Robots Are Learning to Operate — And They’re Getting Scary Good"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:url" content="medium://p/2bee058c99be"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:url" content="medium://p/2bee058c99be"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="The integration of AI into robotic surgery marks a groundbreaking moment for medicine, bringing unprecedented precision and efficiency to the operating room. 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gm"></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div><h1 id="3b83" class="pw-post-title gs gt gu bf gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu bk" data-testid="storyTitle">Surgeons Beware: AI-Powered Robots Are Learning to Operate — And They’re Getting Scary Good</h1><div><div class="speechify-ignore ab cp"><div class="speechify-ignore bh l"><div class="hv hw hx hy hz ab"><div><div class="ab ia"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/@telumai?source=post_page---byline--2bee058c99be--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l ib ic by id ie"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Coby Mendoza" class="l fd by dd de cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:88:88/1*BBBy6eyQia4LBwIK6DradA.jpeg" width="44" height="44" loading="lazy" data-testid="authorPhoto"/><div class="if by l dd de fs n ig ft"></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="ih ab fj"><div><div 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nd ne mw mx paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="nf ng fj nh bh ni"><div class="mw mx my"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/1*WOv_X00m9HJvFUv3JaTdxA.jpeg 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh md nj c" width="700" height="490" loading="eager" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div><figcaption class="nk ff nl mw mx nm nn bf b bg z du">An AI Generated Image by Coby Mendoza & Telum</figcaption></figure><p id="e06a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">The integration of AI into robotic surgery marks a groundbreaking moment for medicine, bringing unprecedented precision and efficiency to the operating room. As these technologies advance, their potential to transform healthcare is matched by concerns over safety, ethics, and accessibility.</p><h1 id="0c8e" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">The Emergence of AI in Surgery</h1><p id="641d" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk">Recent developments in robotic surgery have demonstrated AI’s ability to learn and replicate complex surgical procedures. A notable milestone is the collaboration between Pittsburgh’s UPMC and Smith+Nephew to implement AI-driven surgical systems, which offer enhanced precision and reduce human error. <a class="af pp" href="https://www.post-gazette.com/business/tech-news/2024/11/25/robot-surgery-pittsburgh-upmc-smith-nephew/stories/202411170037" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">These robotic systems allow surgeons to execute minimally invasive procedures with unparalleled accuracy</a>, leading to better patient outcomes.</p><p id="4a5f" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">AI is not just assisting surgeons — it is learning from them. At Johns Hopkins University, researchers have developed a system that trains AI models using video footage of actual surgeries.<a class="af pp" href="https://hub.jhu.edu/2024/11/11/surgery-robots-trained-with-videos/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank"> These robots analyze surgical techniques, optimizing their approach over time and refining their ability to replicate human dexterity</a>.</p><h1 id="f4a0" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">Autonomous Surgery: The Next Frontier</h1><p id="aff0" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk">While robots have long been used as tools in the operating room, recent breakthroughs are pushing them toward autonomy. AI systems capable of performing surgeries with minimal human supervision are now emerging. For example, an AI-powered robot recently performed a successful surgical procedure after training itself by watching human doctors at work. <a class="af pp" href="https://www.fastcompany.com/91226566/doctors-built-an-ai-that-taught-itself-how-to-do-surgery-and-its-ready-to-work-on-humans" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">The potential for these self-taught systems to revolutionize healthcare by increasing access to high-quality surgery in underserved regions</a>.</p><p id="c361" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">However, the idea of autonomous robotic surgeons raises ethical questions. The reliability <a class="af pp" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/health/2024/11/17/robot-surgeons/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">of AI-driven robots in high-stakes scenarios is a key concern</a>. While these systems are capable of replicating routine procedures, their ability to handle complications or unexpected events is still under scrutiny.</p><h1 id="7ea5" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">Benefits of AI in Robotic Surgery</h1><p id="2094" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk">AI-driven surgical systems offer numerous advantages. They enhance the precision of procedures, minimize invasiveness, and reduce recovery times for patients. <a class="af pp" href="https://medium.com/r?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hospimedica.com%2Fsurgical-techniques%2Farticles%2F294802968%2Frobots-to-play-larger-role-in-surgery-due-to-recent-ai-developments.html" rel="noopener">Robotic surgery can reduce the likelihood of human error, leading to improved patient outcomes</a>.</p><p id="e983" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">In addition, AI enables real-time decision-making during surgery. Advanced processors and machine learning algorithms allow robots to adapt their actions mid-procedure, improving the accuracy and safety of surgeries. <a class="af pp" href="https://www.therobotreport.com/robotic-surgery-benefits-advanced-processors-ai-says-amd/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">These technologies are paving the way for smarter, more capable robotic systems in the operating room.</a></p><h1 id="9bfd" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">Challenges and Controversies</h1><p id="edf4" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk">Despite its promise, robotic surgery faces challenges. One major issue is cost. AI-powered surgical systems are expensive to develop and implement, raising concerns about their accessibility to hospitals in resource-limited areas.<a class="af pp" href="https://www.massdevice.com/medtronic-launches-ai-platform-robotic-surgery/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank"> Ensuring equitable access to this technology will be a critical hurdle for the healthcare industry to overcome</a>.</p><p id="bd5c" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">There are also questions about liability in autonomous surgeries. If a robotic system makes a mistake, who is responsible?<a class="af pp" href="https://medium.com/r?url=https%3A%2F%2Faldianews.com%2Fen%2Fwellness%2Finvestigation%2Frobot-performs-surgeries" rel="noopener"> The legal and ethical implications of relying on AI for critical medical procedures,</a> highlighting the need for clear regulations.</p><p id="c9d1" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">Furthermore, the potential for job displacement cannot be ignored. As AI systems become more autonomous, the role of surgeons may shift, leading to debates about the future of the profession.<a class="af pp" href="https://www.automate.org/robotics/industry-insights/your-robo-surgeon-will-see-you-now-whats-happening-in-robots-and-surgery" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank"> While robots may take over repetitive tasks, human expertise will remain essential for complex decision-making and patient care</a>.</p><h1 id="b31f" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">A Glimpse into the Future</h1><p id="c612" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk">The rapid advancement of AI and robotic surgery promises to reshape healthcare. From enhancing the precision of procedures to making surgery accessible in remote areas, the potential benefits are vast. However, the <a class="af pp" href="https://www.mpo-mag.com/robotics-ai-cutting-edge-in-the-operating-room/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">success of this technology will depend on addressing ethical, legal, and economic challenges</a>.</p><p id="7dd5" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol gn bk">The role of AI in the operating room is still evolving, but its impact is already being felt. With continued investment and research, robotic surgery could become a standard of care, ushering in a new era of medical innovation. As this technology advances, balancing its potential with the human elements of healthcare will be key to ensuring its success.</p><h1 id="ced0" class="om on gu bf oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj bk">In Plain English 🚀</h1><p id="8f2a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph no np gu nq b nr pk nt nu nv pl nx ny nz pm ob oc od pn of og oh po oj ok ol gn bk"><em class="pq">Thank you for being a part of the </em><a class="af pp" href="https://plainenglish.io/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank"><strong class="nq gv"><em class="pq">In Plain English</em></strong></a><em class="pq"> community! 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AI systems capable of performing surgeries with minimal human supervision are now emerging. For example, an AI-powered robot recently performed a successful surgical procedure after training itself by watching human doctors at work. The potential for these self-taught systems to revolutionize healthcare by increasing access to high-quality surgery in underserved regions.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":353,"end":492,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.fastcompany.com\u002F91226566\u002Fdoctors-built-an-ai-that-taught-itself-how-to-do-surgery-and-its-ready-to-work-on-humans","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:e06a047b81af_8":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"e06a047b81af_8","name":"c361","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"However, the idea of autonomous robotic surgeons raises ethical questions. 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