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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">==History== ===Flag of People's Republic of Macedonia (1944–1946)=== [[File:Flag of North Macedonia (1944–1946).svg|thumb|200px|The flag of the [[People's Republic of Macedonia]] between 1944 and 1946]] The modern Macedonian state was proclaimed underground on 2 August 1944 by the [[ASNOM|Anti-Fascist Assembly of the National Liberation of Macedonia]] (ASNOM), the state's supreme legislative and executive body until 1946. The state was originally known as Democratic Federal Macedonia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globusmagazin.com.mk/?ItemID=AFA08064DBFFFA4DB6101665D39B6A88|title=Глобус|work=globusmagazin.com.mk|access-date=2010-07-29|archive-date=2018-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022193526/http://www.globusmagazin.com.mk/?ItemID=AFA08064DBFFFA4DB6101665D39B6A88|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mia.com.mk/default.aspx?mId=25&vId=74488315&lId=1&pmId=25|title=My Info Agent|work=mia.com.mk|access-date=2010-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308121705/http://damj.manu.edu.mk/pdf/0008Dwie%20Gwary%20Macedonskie%202.pdf|archive-date=2012-03-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> and was renamed the People's Republic of Macedonia in 1945. The ASNOM became operational in December, shortly after the German retreat. The flag was adopted during ASNOM's second [[plenary session]] in December. The first version of the flag depicted a gold-edged five-pointed red star centred on a red field. ===Flag of Socialist Republic of Macedonia (1946–1992)=== [[File:Flag of North Macedonia (1946–1992).svg|thumb|200px|The flag of the [[Socialist Republic of Macedonia]] from 1946 to 1991]] Between December 1946 and September 1991, the [[Socialist Republic of Macedonia]] (known as the People's Republic of Macedonia until 1963) was one of the six [[Country|constituent republics]] of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]. It was the only Yugoslav republic not to use the [[Pan-Slavic colours]] on its flag. Macedonia instead adopted an amended version of its previous flag, depicting [[Communist symbolism|communist symbols]] as the gold-edged five-pointed [[red star]] in the [[Canton (heraldry)|canton]] against a [[Red flag (politics)|red field]] in a design similar to the flags of the [[Flag of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] or the [[Flag of the People's Republic of China|People's Republic of China]]. This flag was adopted on 31 December 1946 under Article 4 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of Macedonia.<ref>Barraclough, E.M.C. and Crampton, William G. (eds). ''Flags of the World'', p. 148. F. Warne, 1978.</ref> It remained in use until 1992.<ref name="kolstø">{{cite book |author=Pål Kolstø |title=Strategies of Symbolic Nation-building in South Eastern Europe |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317049364 |pages=174–176}}</ref> ===Kutlesh flag (1992–1995)=== {{Main|Vergina Sun}} [[File:Flag of North Macedonia (1992–1995).svg|thumb|200px|The flag of the Republic of Macedonia between 1992 and 1995, bearing the [[Vergina Sun]]]] In 1992, [[Todor Petrov]], president of the nationalist Macedonian diaspora organization [[World Macedonian Congress]], proposed the [[Vergina Sun]] as the national symbol of the Republic of Macedonia (now North Macedonia).<ref>{{cite web |title=Државниот грб ќе се смени, за знамето не се разговарало |url=https://meta.mk/drzhavniot-grb-ke-se-smeni-za-znameto-ne-se-razgovaralo/ |website=Meta.mk |access-date=5 April 2024 |language=mk |date=13 December 2014}}</ref> On 11 August 1992, the newly independent Republic of Macedonia adopted the new flag to replace the old Communist "red star" insignia. The flag depicted the "Vergina Sun" symbol, a stylised yellow sun centred on a red field with eight main and eight secondary rays emanating from the sun, each tapering to a point. This ancient symbol was named after the Greek town where it had been discovered in archaeological excavations of the [[Macedon|ancient Macedonian]] city of [[Vergina|Aigai]]. [[File:Macflags-trajkovskihall.png|thumb|200px|The former and current flags of Macedonia and North Macedonia in front of the [[Boris Trajkovski Sports Arena]] in [[Skopje]]]] The Vergina Sun was regarded by Greece as a symbol of continuity between [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|ancient Macedonia]] and modern Greek culture, and in particular as a symbol of the [[Argead dynasty]] of [[Philip II of Macedon]] and his son [[Alexander the Great]]. From the late 1970s it had also been adopted by many both in Greece and the then Socialist Republic of Macedonia to symbolise historical connections with ancient Macedonia and had been paraded in demonstrations by Greeks and ethnic Macedonians at home and abroad.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hamilakis|first1=Yiannis|title=The Nation and its Ruins: Antiquity, Archaeology, and National Imagination in Greece|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0199572908|page=131|quote=From the late 1970s onwards, and as the dispute over Macedonia intensified, this motif became extremely popular, almost to the point of becoming an unofficial national crest and symbol, in both Greece and the Yugoslav Republic. Countless commercial adverts, logos, shopfronts, T-shirts, pins, medals, and posters, were carrying it, along with its official endorsement in a 100-drachma Greek coin with the head of Alexander on one face and the ‘sun’ on the other, on postage stamps, and on official campaign posters distributed throughout Greece and abroad.}}</ref> The flag, the new state's constitution and its name all became the focus of a dispute between the two countries, during which Greece imposed an economic blockade on the Republic from February 1994. In July 1995, Greece lodged a request with the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO) for exclusive [[trademark]] protection to the Vergina Sun.<ref name=WIPO>[http://www.b-info.com/places/Macedonia/republic/news/95-07/jul31.mak "Greece petitions for int'l rights to Vergina Star"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060602222422/http://www.b-info.com/places/Macedonia/republic/news/95-07/jul31.mak |date=2006-06-02 }}, ANA, 31 July 1995. See also WIPO registrations: [http://www.wipo.int/branddb/en/showData.jsp?ID=6TER.GR0001 1], [http://www.wipo.int/branddb/en/showData.jsp?ID=6TER.GR0002 2], [http://www.wipo.int/branddb/en/showData.jsp?ID=6TER.GR0003 3].</ref> Greek objections also prevented the flag from being flown at the [[United Nations Headquarters]] building in [[New York City]]. The blockade was lifted in October 1995 when an agreement was reached to change the flag, modify the constitution and resolve the [[Macedonia naming dispute|naming dispute]] through [[United Nations]]-sponsored negotiations.<ref>Wood, Michael C., Participation of Former Yugoslav States in the United Nations and Multilateral Treaties, [http://www.mpil.de/en/pub/research/details/publications/institute/mpyunl/volume_1.cfm "Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129082218/http://www.mpil.de/en/pub/research/details/publications/institute/mpyunl/volume_1.cfm |date=2014-11-29 }}, Vol. 1, 1997, p. 240.</ref> The change of the flag was at first not accepted by conservative Macedonians, nationalists, and Greek patriots. In the first years after the change, both flags were officially flown for a long time. Between 1995 and 1998, in the municipalities where then-opposition party [[VMRO-DPMNE]] ruled, only the old flag was flown from institution buildings. Popular opinion was divided about the merits of changing the flag. As part of the [[Prespa Agreement]] (Article 8) of 2018, which resolved the naming dispute, the government of [[North Macedonia]] committed to removing the Vergina Sun from all public spaces and from public use, including its use in flags.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://vlada.mk/node/16768?ln=en-gb |title=Announcement of the Inter-ministerial working group for fulfilment of the obligations stipulated in the Final Agreement for the Settlement of the Differences as Described in the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 817 (1993) and 845 (1993) |date=2019-02-13 |website=www.vlada.mk |access-date=2019-02-13}}</ref> It started removing the symbol since 12 August 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Newsroom|date=2019-08-12|title=Βόρεια Μακεδονία: Τέλος από σήμερα στη χρήση του Ήλιου της Βεργίνας|url=https://www.cnn.gr/kosmos/story/187337/voreia-makedonia-telos-apo-simera-sti-xrisi-toy-ilioy-tis-verginas|access-date=2021-12-14|website=CNN.gr|language=el}}</ref> <small>''The Second Party (i.e. North Macedonia)'' ''shall not use again in any way and in all its forms the symbol formerly displayed on its former national flag. Within six months of the entry into force of this Agreement, the Second Party shall proceed to the removal of the symbol displayed on its former national flag from all public sites and public usages on its territory. Archaeological artefacts do not fall within the scope of this provision.''</small> <small><u>Article 8, paragraph 2 of the [[Prespa Agreement]]</u></small> Toni Deskoski, Macedonian professor of International Law, argues that the Vergina Sun is not a Macedonian symbol but a Greek symbol that is used by ethnic Macedonians in the nationalist context of [[Macedonism|Macedonianism]] and that the ethnic Macedonians need to get rid of it.<ref>[https://english.republika.mk/news/macedonia/deskoski-vergina-sun-flag-is-not-macedonian-we-need-to-get-rid-of-this-greek-symbol/ Deskoski: Vergina Sun flag is not Macedonian, we need to get rid of this Greek symbol], Republica.mk: "The Vergina Sun flag was a national flag for only three years and that was one of the biggest mistakes. Neither the Ilinden fighters nor the partisans in the National Liberation War knew that symbol. That flag is the biggest hoax of Macedonianism. We need to unanimously reject and get rid of this Greek symbol. Let the Greeks glorify their symbols."</ref> ===Current flag (1995–present)=== In 1995, the Macedonian government appointed [[Miroslav Grčev]] to draft a proposal for a new flag.<ref name="kolstø" /> Grčev went on to propose 12 designs for the flag that would have a sun in the center. Eventually, Grčev's last proposal was accepted - the design where the sun rays are on the entire surface of the flag.<ref>{{cite web |title=Coat of Arms to change, flag not discussed |url=https://meta.mk/en/drzhavniot-grb-ke-se-smeni-za-znameto-ne-se-razgovaralo/ |website=Meta.mk |date=13 December 2014}}</ref> On 5 October 1995, the current flag of [[North Macedonia]] was adopted by the [[Macedonian parliament]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Dimitar Bechev |title=Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia |date=2019 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=9781538119624 |page=115 |edition=2nd}}</ref> The flag represents a golden sun with eight rays on a red field. </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia" title="Flag of North Macedonia">Flag of North Macedonia</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_North_Macedonia&action=edit&section=1&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-48l5j","wgBackendResponseTime":248,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.067","walltime":"0.090","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 62.860 1 -total"," 99.86% 62.772 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 44.11% 27.728 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 40.83% 25.666 1 Template:Hidden"," 37.99% 23.879 2 Template:Replace"," 21.78% 13.691 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 14.16% 8.898 1 Template:Tlx"," 2.31% 1.451 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 2.12% 1.335 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"," 1.68% 1.057 1 Template:Hidden_end"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.012","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043338,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-48l5j","timestamp":"20241130173728","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>