Economic impact of climate change

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But success in limiting greenhouse gases is likely to be accompanied by weak measures of economic growth and productivity. As the world moves toward sustainability, measured living standards in the United States and other countries are expected to fall or grow more slowly than in the past. But don’t be fooled. While the move to clean energy will not be free, much of the supposed “cost” is an artifact of how our economic data is constructed. The real story will be coming to terms with the fact that, today, we are living beyond our means. And in the future, we intend to live within them.</p> </div> </div> <div class="pagenavigation cmp-nav--title-image cmp-nav--title-image--40-width cmp--float-right cmp--width-40 aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-nav"> <div class="cmp-nav__container"> <strong class="cmp-nav__title">Learn more</strong> <ul class="cmp-nav__list"> <li class="cmp-nav__item"> <a href="/us/en/insights/economy.html?icid=learn_more_content_click" target="_self" class="cmp-nav__link">Explore the Economics collection </a> </li> <li class="cmp-nav__item"> <a href="#deloitte-services" target="_self" class="cmp-nav__link">Learn about Deloitte’s services </a> </li> <li class="cmp-nav__item"> <a href="/us/en/insights/legal/deloitte-insights-app.html?icid=learn_more_content_click" target="_self" class="cmp-nav__link">Go straight to smart. Get the Deloitte Insights app </a> </li> </ul> <span hidden id="pagenavigation_newWindowAlert"> Opens in new window </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text cmp-standard-rte--60-width aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-text"> <p>The “Inflation Reduction Act” puts the US government in the position of spending heavily to convert the US economy to a low-carbon future. In that, it joins Europe—and, likely, a growing group of countries around the world. Many people are going to be watching to see how policies that limit carbon emissions affect the economy. How do electric vehicles, renewable power, and perhaps less travel and overall energy use affect people? Is all this effort worth it? Current economic data may not really provide an accurate description of how this shift impacts the standard of living over time.</p> </div> </div> <div class="text cmp-standard-rte--fullwidth aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-text"> <h3><a id="todays-measures"></a>Today’s measures overstate how good things are<br /> </h3> <p>The National Income and Product Accounts are designed to be comprehensive measures of economic activity. However, by convention, some things are excluded from the calculations. Nonmarket production—for example, the production that takes place within households—is not counted. So, your dinner preparations, child care, and housecleaning aren’t part of GDP. And nonmarket costs that might subtract from the value of production are not included. Pollution is a classic example of a nonmarket cost. Greenhouse gases are, of course, a form of pollution.</p> <p>This is not a conspiracy and doesn’t happen because economists are blind or biased (well, mostly not). The problems are well known, and they are addressed in any introductory macroeconomics textbook.<sup><a id="endnote-sup-1" href="#endnote-1">1</a></sup> Why not revise the comprehensive production measures we use to solve these problems? The answer is two-fold: Refining economic measurement to correctly include nonmarket production and costs may not be necessary for many of the purposes of this data—for example, for measuring business cycles. And our measurement system uses market valuations to compare and add different activities. It’s hard to set a price on nonmarket activities.</p> <p>Greenhouse gas emissions impose costs that aren’t paid for through the market, most of which will be felt in the future. Just how much do greenhouse gases cost? In other words: How much is GDP overstated because it fails to include the cost of greenhouse gas emissions?</p> <p>Figure 1 shows an accounting for the value of greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 and a projection of the cost in 2050.<sup><a id="endnote-sup-2" href="#endnote-2">2</a></sup></p> </div> </div> <div class="advanced-image image aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-advanced-image"> <input type="hidden" class="advancedImageshowimage" name="advancedImageshowimage" value="true"/> <div class="cmp-advanced-image__section"> <div data-cmp-is="image" data-cmp-src="/us/en/insights/economy/spotlight/economic-impact-cost-climate-change/_jcr_content/root/responsivegrid_380572564/advanced_image.coreimg.95{.width}.png/1680158072887/in175512-figure1.png" data-cmp-widths="375,800" data-asset="/content/dam/insights/articles/in175512_econ-spotlight/figures/IN175512_Figure1.png" data-asset-id="21063a77-e890-4310-8c57-6766ccccbb5d" class="cmp-image" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <a class="cmp-image__link" href="/us/en/insights/economy/spotlight/economic-impact-cost-climate-change/_jcr_content/root/responsivegrid_380572564/advanced_image.coreimg.png/1680158072887/in175512-figure1.png" data-cmp-hook-image="link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <noscript data-cmp-hook-image="noscript"> <img src="/us/en/insights/economy/spotlight/economic-impact-cost-climate-change/_jcr_content/root/responsivegrid_380572564/advanced_image.coreimg.png/1680158072887/in175512-figure1.png" class="cmp-image__image" itemprop="contentUrl" loading="lazy" data-cmp-hook-image="image" alt height="299" width="481"/> </noscript> </a> </div> </div> <div class="cmp-advanced-image__share"> <a href="/content/dam/insights/articles/in175512_econ-spotlight/figures/IN175512_Figure1.png" class="icon-download" download="" title="Download"> <div class="tooltip tooltip-left"> <i class="icon-download-alt"></i> <span class="tooltip-text download">Download</span> </div> </a> <a href="#" class="icon-share" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#advancedImageModal-700608353" data-backdrop="false" title="Share"> <div class="tooltip tooltip-left"> <i class="icon-share-alt-o"></i> <span class="tooltip-text">Share</span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="advanced-image-modal-container"> <div class="modal fade advancedImageModal" id="advancedImageModal-700608353" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="advancedImageModalCenterTitle" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dark" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--phone--12 content__section"> <div class="share-bar"> <h6>Share image</h6> <div class="custom-socialshare social-share-links"> <section> <ul> <li><a class="icon-twitter" onclick="launchShare('twitter');" title="Twitter" href="#" data-provider="twitter"></a></li> <li><a class="icon-linkedin" onclick="launchShare('linkedin');" title="LinkedIn" href="#" data-provider="linkedin"></a></li> <li><a class="icon-facebook" onclick="launchShare('facebook');" title="Facebook" href="#" data-provider="facebook"></a></li> </ul> </section> <script> var removebookmarktitle = "Saved for later"; var addbookmarktitle = "Save for later"; var addtomybookmarkstitle = "Save for later"; var addedtomybookmarkstitle = "Saved for later"; </script></div> </div> <div class="cmp-copy-link"> <h6>Or copy link</h6> <form class="form-inline"> <input type="text" class="cmp-copy-link-input" value="https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/insights/articles/in175512_econ-spotlight/figures/IN175512_Figure1.png" placeholder=""/> <button>Copy</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-text"> <p>Figure 1 shows that our measures of GDP may be significantly higher today than they would be if we incorporated the cost of carbon correctly (that is, subtracted the social value of carbon emissions from GDP). And over time, the cost rises, suggesting that—absent any policy change—a measure of GDP growth that includes the cost of greenhouse gas emissions would be lower than GDP growth estimated using current methods, which take no account of those emissions.<sup><a id="endnote-sup-3" href="#endnote-3">3</a></sup> So official GDP is overly optimistic about our current level of production, and likely to be overly optimistic about how fast the economy grows in the future.</p> <h3><a id="some-key"></a>Some key consequences of inaccurately measuring GDP</h3> <p>The overestimation of GDP and national income leads to two further problems:</p> <ol><li>We consistently overestimate productivity. Productivity measures are based on GDP, and if true GDP growth is slower than measured GDP growth, productivity growth is slower as well.</li><li>Statistical agencies and private business firms will incorrectly measure the return to capital and profitability. In the past, companies’ calculation of the return on investment did not take the cost of greenhouse gas emissions into account; future investments may be made on a different basis.</li></ol> <p>Lower-measured GDP growth as the economy adjusts to a low-carbon-output world will therefore show up in the form of lower labor productivity growth, a decline in the return to capital, and a fall in corporate productivity. To be clear, correctly measured, these metrics may not necessarily slow (and may even accelerate). But official data, if it continues to reflect current methods, will show a slowdown in labor productivity growth. This will create an impression that the economy is performing poorly. Analysts—and, more importantly, citizens—will have to be aware of this problem to avoid being misled about the impact of climate change remediation.</p> <p>The problem goes beyond official data. Businesses will experience declining profitability even as they make large investments in plant and equipment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But at least some of the decline in profitability will actually reflect the correct internalization of the costs of greenhouse gases. The real problem is that, in the past, profitability—ignoring the costs of greenhouse gas emissions—appeared higher than the true level. The earlier high profitability, however, while coming in the form of actual cash, was really something of a mirage since businesses did not pay the full social costs of production.</p> <p>Another related problem involves valuing the capital stock. Much of the world’s existing capital—buildings, machines, and even knowledge—was created based on ignorance of the true costs of climate change. As those costs become internalized, existing capital will prove to be less valuable than users had believed. In essence, capital depreciation is likely to be very fast over the period of adjustment to a world of reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The depreciation will be an artifact of the speed and types of policies taken and represents movement from a false overvaluation of capital to the true, lower valuation that takes into account the cost of climate change.</p> <p>One example—albeit slightly extreme—is the much-debated possibility of a reversal of the Gulf Stream. By one estimate, this could lower the average temperature in the United Kingdom by 3.4 degrees (Celsius).<sup><a id="endnote-sup-4" href="#endnote-4">4</a></sup> That would require retrofitting much of the stock of buildings in the country to continue to be useful in the colder climate, essentially reducing the value or depreciating the unretrofitted capital stock and requiring a huge investment simply to keep the capital producing at the current level.</p> <p>Something similar happened on a smaller scale when oil prices tripled in the early 1970s. The global capital stock, which had been built under the assumption of cheap oil, essentially depreciated suddenly because it was no longer as profitable as it had been. Over the next decades, older capital (for example, “gas guzzling” automobiles) was replaced with newer, more energy-efficient capital, and very likely at a faster rate than had the oil shock not occurred.</p> <h3><a id="misleading-signals"></a>Misleading signals</h3> <p>The world’s adjustment to reduced greenhouse gas emissions is likely to be messy and controversial. Misleading data could make the debate even more difficult. Policymakers and citizens will need to interpret economic data carefully over the coming years.</p> <p>Expect the following:</p> <ol><li>Per capita GDP growth may appear to slow, and measures of consumption may appear to slow further as capital is required to retrofit the economy for a world of lower greenhouse gas emissions. Claims that this is a slowdown, or possibly even a decline, in the standard of living should be evaluated carefully; unless we include a measure of the artificial inflation of our standard of living in the past, comparing per capita GDP from the past with per capita GDP in a world that accounts for climate change is an example of that famous problem of comparing apples and oranges.</li><li>Similarly, slower labor productivity growth is not a problem if it reflects the gradual introduction of correct valuation of production. Workers won’t become less productive—their productivity will more correctly reflect the costs of greenhouse gases.</li><li>Expect a period of time when corporate profitability is low and investment spending is high. If it had been measured correctly, corporate profitability would have been lower in the past than everybody thought—a more accurate reflection of the reality. Similarly, low (by current standards) returns to capital may well be accompanied by high investment. This reflects the need to move to the new, correct, and efficient economic equilibrium.</li></ol> <p>Unfortunately, the debate over climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has incentivized a small number of analysts to provide intellectual support to those who do not wish to accept the lower profits and economic change required. Those analysts are likely, over the next decade, to point to lower GDP growth, low productivity growth, and low profitability, as reasons why the United States should reverse the measures to fight climate change, like those in the Inflation Reduction Act. Astute observers should realize the weaknesses of the data underlying these arguments and recognize that the methods we’ve used in the past to measure the economy haven’t taken the cost of climate change into account.</p> </div> </div> <div class="htmlfragment aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12">  <div class="standard-white-component "> <div class="html-fragment-content"> <div id="placeholder-div1" style="display: none;">  <div class="knotch_placeholder"></div> </div>  <div id="fallback-msg1"> <div class="container consent-warning"> <div class="consent-warning__icon"> <span class="icon-exclamation-mark-o"></span> </div> <div class="consent-warning__text"> <h4>Let’s make this work.</h4> <p><a class="optanon-show-settings">Change your Analytics and performance cookie settings </a> to access this feature.</p> </div> </div> </div>   <script type="text/plain" class="optanon-category-2"> </script>  <script type="text/plain" class="optanon-category-2"> // Hide Fallback message when Analytics cookie is inactive $("#fallback-msg1").css("display","none"); // Display wrapped HTML when cookie category is active $("#placeholder-div1").css("display","block"); </script> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="responsivegrid cmp-di-layout-container--reference-section aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 "> <div class="accordionv2 accordion panelcontainer cmp-accordion--v2 aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="cmp-accordion" data-cmp-is="accordion" data-component="accordion"> <div class="cmp-accordion__item" data-cmp-hook-accordion="item"> <h3 class="cmp-accordion__header"> <button class="cmp-accordion__button" data-cmp-hook-accordion="button"> <span class="cmp-accordion__icon"></span> <span class="cmp-accordion__title">Endnotes</span> </button> </h3> <div data-cmp-hook-accordion="panel" class="cmp-accordion__panel cmp-accordion__panel--hidden" role="region"><div class="endnotes"> <div class="cmp-end-notes"> <ol> <li><p>A totally random example plucked off the author’s bookshelf: Lee Coppock and Dirk Mateer, <i>Principles of Macroeconomics</i>, Liberty University custom ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 2014), pp. 192-99. For a more thorough discussion, see: Karen Dynan and Louise Sheiner, <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/WP43-8.23.18.pdf"><i>GDP as a measure of economic well-being</i></a>, Hutchins Center Workpaper #43, Washington: Brookings Institution, 2018.</p> <a href="#endnote-sup-1" id="endnote-1">View in Article</a></li> <li><p>The social cost of one ton of CO2 equivalent is taken from the EPA’s latest calculations. See: US Environmental Protection Agency, <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2022-11/epa_scghg_report_draft_0."><i>Report on the social cost of greenhouse gases: Estimates incorporate recent scientific advances</i></a>, 2022. I used the 2.0% discount rate calculations. Total emissions in 2020 are from: US Environmental Protection Agency, <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2022-04/us-ghg-inventory-2022-main-text.pdf"><i>Inventory of US greenhouse gas emissions and sinks 1990-2020</i></a>, April 2022. To obtain 2050 emissions, I used the Congressional Budget Office estimate of real GDP in 2050 (see: Congressional Budget Office (CBO), <i>The 2022 long-term budget outlook</i>, July 2022) supplemental table 3 and assumed that the ratio of emissions to GDP remained constant over this period. These calculations are for illustrative purposes; there are many sources of uncertainty in calculating the present and future cost of emissions, as well as the level of emissions. See the above publications for more discussions of the uncertainty and how that might affect the calculations show here.</p> <a href="#endnote-sup-2" id="endnote-2">View in Article</a></li> <li><p>Two sources of uncertainty suggest that the cost of emissions might be considerably higher than shown here. First, there is considerable debate about how to value the future harm of today’s emissions. (See: Lawrence H. Goulder and Roberton C. Williams III, <a href="https://media.rff.org/documents/RFF-DP-12-43.pdf"><i>The choice of discount rate for climate change policy evaluation</i></a>, Resources for the Future, 2011). Second, there is a great deal of uncertainty about the ultimate impact of greenhouse gas emissions. The Intergovernmental Working Group’s (IWG) estimate of social cost used here is the median; the IWG also provides an estimate of the cost at the 95th percentile (essentially the value that would be at least as great as the actual cost 95% of the time). Although this paper uses a median value for illustrative purposes, there is a strong argument—given the uncertainty around the impact of carbon emissions of a long period of time—to use a significantly higher number and to assume that GDP is currently overvalued by much more than the text example shows.</p> <a href="#endnote-sup-3" id="endnote-3">View in Article</a></li> <li><p>Paul D.L. Richie et al., “<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-019-0011-3">Shifts in national land use and food production in Great Britain after a climate tipping point</a>,” <i>Naturefood </i>no. 1 (2020), pp. 76-83.</p> <a href="#endnote-sup-4" id="endnote-4">View in Article</a></li> </ol> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="cmp-accordion__item" data-cmp-hook-accordion="item"> <h3 class="cmp-accordion__header"> <button class="cmp-accordion__button" data-cmp-hook-accordion="button"> <span class="cmp-accordion__icon"></span> <span class="cmp-accordion__title">Acknowledgments</span> </button> </h3> <div data-cmp-hook-accordion="panel" class="cmp-accordion__panel cmp-accordion__panel--hidden" role="region"><div class="text"> <div class="cmp-text"> <p>Cover image by: <b>Jaime Austin</b></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="responsivegrid cmp-di-layout-container--related-topics aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 "> <div class="related-topics cmp-tags--standard aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12">  <div id="cmp-related-tags" class="cmp-tag"> <div class="cmp-tags-content cmp-content-width"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--phone--12">  <div class="aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12 aem-GridColumn--phone--12">  <h3>Topics in this article</h3> <div class="cmp-tags__topics-list aem-Grid aem-Grid--phone--12"> <ul class="cmp-tag-list"> <li class="cmp-list__item"> <a href="/us/en/insights/tags/economics.html" class="body-copy" data-tagname="economics_us;en">Economics<span class="related-topic-comma">,</span> </a> </li> <li class="cmp-list__item"> <span class="body-copy" data-tagname="environment-social-governance_us;en">Environmental, Social, & Governance<span class="related-topic-comma">,</span></span> </li> <li class="cmp-list__item"> <span class="body-copy" data-tagname="economics-business-investment_us;en">Economics-Business Investment<span class="related-topic-comma">,</span></span> </li> <li class="cmp-list__item"> <span class="body-copy" data-tagname="fiscal-and-monetary-policy_us;en">Fiscal & Monetary Policy</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="responsivegrid cmp-di-layout-container--cta-teaser--standard-basic aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div class="aem-Grid aem-Grid--12 aem-Grid--default--12 "> <div class="cta cmp-cta-teaser--standard-basic aem-GridColumn aem-GridColumn--default--12"> <div id="deloitte-services"> <div class="cmp-cta-teaser__content cmp-content-width"> <div class="cmp-title"> <h3 class="cmp-title__text">Deloitte Global Economist Network</h3> </div> <div class="cmp-text"> <p>The Deloitte Global Economist Network is a diverse group of economists that produce relevant, interesting and thought-provoking content for external and internal audiences. 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data-dialog-style="modern"> <div id="gigya-login-screen" data-width="auto" gigya-conditional:class="viewport.width < 550 ?gigya-screen v2 portrait mobile:viewport.width < 920 ?gigya-screen v2 portrait:" class="gigya-screen v2 landscape" gigya-expression:data-caption="screenset.translations[" GIGYA_LOGIN_SCREEN_CAPTION> <form class="gigya-login-form myD-login-form" id="gigya-login-form"> <div class="gigya-layout-row with-divider"> <div class="gigya-layout-cell responsive with-site-login myD-signin-form-fields"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-textbox form-field form-field__email"> <input type="text" class="gigya-input-text valid-email-text" name="loginID" id="loginID" onblur="dcomssologin(this);" tabindex="0" aria-label="Email" gigya-expression:data-gigya-placeholder="screenset.translations[" LOGINID_1311311543682226_PLACEHOLDER gigya-expression:aria-label="screenset.translations[" required="required"/> <label class="form-field__label" for="loginID"> Email*</label><i class="bar"></i> <span class="gigya-error-msg" data-bound-to="loginID"></span> <span class="sso-warning-msg" style="display: none;"></span> <span class="valid-inputs-Email" style="display:none;">Invalid special characters found</span> </div> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-password form-field"> <input type="password" name="password" id="password" class="gigya-input-password" tabindex="0" aria-label="Password" gigya-expression:data-gigya-placeholder="screenset.translations[" PASSWORD_132128826476804690_PLACEHOLDER gigya-expression:aria-label="screenset.translations[" required="required" autocomplete="off"/> <label class="form-field__label" for="password"> Password*</label><i class="bar"></i> <span class="gigya-error-msg" data-bound-to="password"></span> </div> <div class="gigya-layout-row myD-stay-signin-check"> <div class="gigya-layout-cell"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-checkbox gigya-keep-me-logged-in 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<param name="loginMode" value="standard"/> <param name="buttonsStyle" value="standard"/> <param name="pagingButtonStyle" value="floating" gigya-conditional:value="screenset.width < 430?auto:"/> <param name="buttonSize" value="30"/> <param name="columns" gigya-conditional:value="screenset.width < 430?2:"/> <param name="showWhatsThis" value="false"/> <param name="showTermsLink" value="false"/> <param name="hideGigyaLink" value="true"/> <param name="_pluginCenterFix" value="true"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gigya-clear"> </div> </form> </div> </div>  <div class="gigya-screen-set" style="display:none;" id="MyDeloitte1B-LinkAccounts" data-on-pending-registration-screen="MyDeloitte1B-RegistrationLogin/gigya-complete-registration-screen" data-on-pending-verification-screen="MyDeloitte1B-RegistrationLogin/gigya-email-verification-screen" data-on-pending-tfa-registration-screen="MyDeloitte1B-RegistrationLogin/gigya-tfa-registration-screen" data-on-pending-tfa-verification-screen="MyDeloitte1B-RegistrationLogin/gigya-tfa-verification-screen" data-on-pending-password-change-screen="MyDeloitte1B-RegistrationLogin/gigya-password-change-required-screen" data-on-existing-login-identifier-screen="MyDeloitte1B-LinkAccounts/gigya-link-account-screen" data-on-pending-recent-login-screen="MyDeloitte1B-ReAuthentication/gigya-reauthentication-screen" data-on-accounts-linked-screen="_finish" data-width="" data-responsive="true" data-start-screen="gigya-link-account-screen" data-dialog-style="modern"> <div id="gigya-link-account-screen" data-width="auto" class="gigya-screen v2 gigya-link-account-screen myD-user-reg-screens" gigya-conditional:class="viewport.width < 500? gigya-screen v2 gigya-link-account-screen myD-user-reg-screens mobile: gigya-screen v2 gigya-link-account-screen myD-user-reg-screens" gigya-expression:data-caption="screenset.translations['GIGYA_LINK_ACCOUNT_SCREEN_CAPTION']"> <form class="gigya-link-accounts-form" id="gigya-link-accounts-form"> <div class="info"> <div class="gigya-layout-row section-info"> <div class="section-info-icon"> <span class="icon-myDeloitte-circle icon-quick-link icon-myDeloitte-circle--green"></span> </div> <div class="section-info-content"> <h2><strong>Link your accounts</strong></h2> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="gigya-layout-row"> <div class="with-social-login responsive" style="width: 100%"> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="site-only"> <h4 class="link-accounts-main-header" data-wizard-text-bold="bold" data-translation-key="HEADER_66766754253798720_LABEL">You previously joined My Deloitte using the same email. Log in here with your My Deloitte password to link accounts. | | Deloitte users: Log in here one time only with the password you have been using for Dbriefs/My Deloitte.</h4> </div> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="social"> <h4 class="link-accounts-main-header" data-wizard-text-bold="bold" data-translation-key="HEADER_88485663979193280_LABEL">You've previously logged into My Deloitte with a different account. Link your accounts by re-verifying below, or by logging in with a social media account.</h4> </div> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="social"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-social-login"> <div class="gigya-social-login"> <param name="tabIndex" value="0"/> <param name="version" value="2"/> <param name="width" value="450" gigya-conditional:value="screenset.width < 430?100%"/> <param name="height" value="46"/> <param name="enabledProviders" value="linkedin,twitter,google,apple"/> <param name="buttonsStyle" value="fullLogoColored"/> <param name="pagingButtonStyle" value="floating" gigya-conditional:value="screenset.width < 430?auto:"/> <param name="buttonSize" value="30"/> <param name="columns" gigya-conditional:value="screenset.width < 430?1:"/> <param name="showWhatsThis" value="false"/> <param name="showTermsLink" value="false"/> <param name="hideGigyaLink" value="true"/> <param name="_pluginCenterFix" value="true"/> <param name="loginMode" value="link"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="gigya-layout-row"> <div class="responsive with-divider"> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when myD-register-form-divider" data-login-identities="site-and-social" style="margin-bottom: 40px;"> <p class="myD-register-form-divider__label">OR</p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="gigya-layout-row"> <div class="with-site-login responsive"> <div class="gigya-layout-row"> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="site-and-social"> <h4 data-translation-key="HEADER_119803489452460820_LABEL">Looks like you've logged in with your email address, and with your social media. Link your accounts by signing in with your email or social account.</h4> </div> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="site"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-textbox form-field"> <input type="text" name="loginID" class="gigya-input-text valid-email-text" onblur="validateEmailInput(this);" disabled="disabled" gigya-expression:data-gigya-placeholder="screenset.translations['TEXTBOX_9521252200460624_PLACEHOLDER']" gigya-expression:aria-label="screenset.translations['TEXTBOX_9521252200460624_PLACEHOLDER']"/> <label class="form-field__label">Email</label> <i class="bar"></i> <span class="gigya-error-msg" data-bound-to="loginID"></span> <span class="valid-inputs-Email" style="display:none;">Invalid special characters found</span> </div> </div> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="site" style="padding-top: 1px;"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-password form-field mb-0"> <input type="password" name="password" class="gigya-input-password" autocomplete="off" gigya-expression:data-gigya-placeholder="screenset.translations['PASSWORD_112529999536342910_PLACEHOLDER']" gigya-expression:aria-label="screenset.translations['PASSWORD_112529999536342910_PLACEHOLDER']"/> <label class="form-field__label">Password</label> <i class="bar"></i> <span class="gigya-error-msg" data-bound-to="password"></span> </div> <a href="https://my.deloitte.com?site=us-en&showForgotPassword=true" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-target="#modal-forgot-password" data-backdrop="static" class="gigya-forgotPassword gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-link myD-forgot-password-link" data-translation-key="LINK_146308315993881860_LABEL">Forgot Password</a> </div> <div class="gigya-container gigya-visible-when" data-login-identities="site"> <div class="gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-submit"> <input type="submit" class="gigya-input-submit mt-3" gigya-expression:value="screenset.translations['SUBMIT_36585504925953250_VALUE']" value="Submit"/> </div> </div> <div class="gigya-error-display gigya-composite-control gigya-composite-control-form-error" data-bound-to="gigya-link-accounts-form"> <div class="gigya-error-msg gigya-form-error-msg" data-bound-to="gigya-link-accounts-form"></div> </div> </div> <div class="gigya-clear"></div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div>  <script src="/etc/designs/dcom/dcom-personalization-libs.lc-196c1674a483f6d1c6debfef2056a62d-lc.min.js"></script> </body> </html>

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