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<li id="toc-National_String_Instrument_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_String_Instrument_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>National String Instrument Corporation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_String_Instrument_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dobro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dobro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dobro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dobro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>National Reso-Phonic Guitars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Playing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Playing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Playing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Playing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Styles_and_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styles_and_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Styles and positions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Styles_and_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Varieties_of_resonator_ukuleles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varieties_of_resonator_ukuleles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Varieties of resonator ukuleles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varieties_of_resonator_ukuleles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sizes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sizes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Sizes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sizes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reso-Electric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reso-Electric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Reso-Electric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reso-Electric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacturers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Manufacturers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Players</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Players-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Resonator Ukulele</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Resonator_Ukulele.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Resonator_Ukulele.jpg/80px-Resonator_Ukulele.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Resonator_Ukulele.jpg/120px-Resonator_Ukulele.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Resonator_Ukulele.jpg/160px-Resonator_Ukulele.jpg 2x" data-file-width="910" data-file-height="2841" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Resonator ukulele by Phillip Phillips</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">String instrument</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pizzicato" title="Pizzicato">plucked</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs" title="Hornbostel–Sachs">Hornbostel–Sachs classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_instruments_by_Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs_number:_321.322" title="List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 321.322">321.322</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plucked_string_instrument" title="Plucked string instrument">plucked</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Related instruments</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resonator_guitar" title="Resonator guitar">Resonator guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">Ukulele</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:">Musicians</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brozman" title="Bob Brozman">Bob Brozman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Rey_(musician)" title="Del Rey (musician)">Del Rey</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:">Builders</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dobro" title="Dobro">Dobro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Vecchio_(guitar_maker)" title="Del Vecchio (guitar maker)">Del Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Stringed_Instrument_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stringed Instrument Corporation">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars" title="National Reso-Phonic Guitars">National Reso-Phonic</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>resonator ukulele</b> or "resophonic ukulele" is a <a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">ukulele</a> whose sound is produced by one or more spun aluminum cones (<i><a href="/wiki/Resonator" title="Resonator">resonators</a></i>) instead of the wooden <a href="/wiki/Sound_board_(music)" title="Sound board (music)">soundboard</a> (ukulele top/face). These instruments are sometimes referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Dobro" title="Dobro">Dobro</a> ukuleles," however the term "Dobro" is currently trademarked by the <a href="/wiki/Gibson_(guitar_company)" title="Gibson (guitar company)">Gibson</a> Guitar Corporation. </p><p>The resonator ukulele is a descendant of the <a href="/wiki/Resonator_guitar" title="Resonator guitar">resonator guitar</a>. The resonator guitar was originally designed to be louder than conventional acoustic guitars, which were overwhelmed by horns and percussion instruments in dance orchestras. A resonator ukulele is generally somewhat louder than a standard wooden ukulele, and has a different tone quality and distinctive appearance. </p><p>Though resonator guitars are often played flat in the lap <a href="/wiki/Steel_guitar" title="Steel guitar">steel guitar</a> style, resonator ukuleles are almost exclusively played in the conventional manner. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_String_Instrument_Corporation">National String Instrument Corporation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: National String Instrument Corporation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The resonator guitar was developed by <a href="/wiki/John_Dopyera" title="John Dopyera">John Dopyera</a>, seeking to produce a guitar that would have sufficient volume to be heard alongside brass and reed instruments. In 1927, Dopyera and Beauchamp formed the <a href="/wiki/National_String_Instrument_Corporation" title="National String Instrument Corporation">National String Instrument Corporation</a> to manufacture resonator guitars under the brand name National, adding resonator mandolins and ukuleles to their product line within the first year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dobro">Dobro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dobro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1929, Dopyera left National to form the <a href="/wiki/Dobro_Manufacturing_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Dobro Manufacturing Company">Dobro Manufacturing Company</a> with his brothers Rudy, Emile, Robert and Louis, <i>Dobro</i> being a contraction of "Dopyera Brothers" and coincidentally meaning "good" in their native <a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak language</a>. This company primarily produced guitars, but also produced <a href="/wiki/Resonator_mandolin" title="Resonator mandolin">resonator mandolins</a> and resonator ukuleles that employed a cone-and-spider resonator rather different than the one- and three-cone components of the Nationals. Dobro Manufacturing Company licensed designs and supplied trademarks and parts to a series of vendors such as Kay-Kraft, Harmony (Sears) and <a href="/wiki/Regal_Musical_Instrument_Company" title="Regal Musical Instrument Company">Regal</a>. George D. Beauchamp retained control of the National String Instrument Corporation. The two companies clashed in court from 1931 until 1935, when the Dopyeras prevailed and the National-Dobro Corporation was formed. The company moved to Chicago in 1936-37. Production of all metal-bodied resonator instruments ceased following the US entry into the Second World War in 1941. </p><p>Some of the Dopyera brothers returned to making resonator guitars in 1967, but resonator ukuleles were not included in the new product line. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars">National Reso-Phonic Guitars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: National Reso-Phonic Guitars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1980s, the National brand and trademark reappeared with the formation of <a href="/wiki/National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars" title="National Reso-Phonic Guitars">National Reso-Phonic Guitars</a> in San Luis Obispo, California. The company began producing National-type resonator instruments, eventually adding resonator ukuleles to their product line. In 2007, they discontinued production of soprano scale ukuleles, focusing their production on concert scale ukuleles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Playing">Playing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Playing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Resonator ukuleles are an uncommon instrument, and not as intimately tied to particular styles of music as the <a href="/wiki/Resonator_guitar" title="Resonator guitar">resonator guitar</a>. In some cases, the resonator ukulele is used in the same contexts which would call for the use of a resonator guitar (particularly blues music), as a cultural parallel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Styles_and_positions">Styles and positions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Styles and positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The resonator ukulele is almost exclusively played in the standard guitar position. One of the few major players who is an exception to this rule is <a href="/wiki/James_Hill_(Canadian_musician)" title="James Hill (Canadian musician)">James Hill</a>, who commissioned a specialized square-neck, high-action resonator ukulele from Beltona for the express purpose of playing in the lap style.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The standard ukulele tuning (gCEA) is the most common option, with a small minority using open tunings. </p><p>Most resonator ukuleles are strung with nylon, nylgut and <a href="/wiki/Fluorocarbon" title="Fluorocarbon">fluorocarbon</a> strings, although a minority of luthiers build reso-ukuleles designed to be used with steel strings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varieties_of_resonator_ukuleles">Varieties of resonator ukuleles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Varieties of resonator ukuleles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sizes">Sizes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pre-World War II resonator ukuleles were of the soprano or concert sizes, and those sizes are still the most common type constructed today. Tenor resonator ukuleles are produced, but are less common, while baritone resonator ukuleles are a rare custom item. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Construction">Construction</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg/220px-Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg/330px-Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg/440px-Beltona_black_reso_uke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Fiberglass-body reso-uke by Beltona</figcaption></figure> <p>Resonator ukuleles generally utilize a "National style" single-resonator biscuit cone, although a small number (including those made by the Dobro company in the 1930s) use a bowl resonator and spider cone. Tricone resonators, such as seen in many National resonator guitars and mandolins, are not generally used. Note that the term "Triolian" which National applied to some models of resonator ukuleles does not indicate that said instruments used a tricone resonator. </p><p>Since the majority of the instrument's tone is produced by the resonator rather than the body, resonator ukuleles may have bodies made of metal, fiberglass, or wood (solid or ply). Metal bodies may be brass, aluminum or steel. Both metal and wooden bodies are often painted, or wooden bodies may be stained or lacquered. Metal bodies may be plated or plain, and are sometimes engraved. Several makers also offer metal-bodied reso-ukuleles with an artificially aged or rusted surface. </p><p>Resonator instruments may have round sound holes with screens or cut f-holes at the top of the face, or a hole cut into the side of the body angling up towards the player's face, through which the sound of the instrument issues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reso-Electric">Reso-Electric</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reso-Electric"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the original aim of the resonator was increased volume, some modern instruments incorporate electric <a href="/wiki/Pick_up_(music_technology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pick up (music technology)">pickups</a>, and players add pickups to non-electric instruments, and use the resonator purely for its distinctive tone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacturers">Manufacturers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Manufacturers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beltona_Resonator_Instruments" title="Beltona Resonator Instruments">Beltona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Vecchio_(guitar_maker)" title="Del Vecchio (guitar maker)">Del Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobro" title="Dobro">Dobro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mya-Moe_Ukuleles" title="Mya-Moe Ukuleles">Mya-Moe Ukuleles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Stringed_Instrument_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stringed Instrument Corporation">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reso-Phonic_Guitars" title="National Reso-Phonic Guitars">National Reso-Phonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regal_Musical_Instrument_Company" title="Regal Musical Instrument Company">Regal</a></li> <li>Johnson/Ashbury</li> <li>Pete Howlett</li> <li>Beeton</li> <li>Donmo</li> <li>Fine Resophonic</li> <li>Mélopée</li> <li>Colin Oldham</li> <li>Stuart Wailing</li> <li>Koki'o / Risa</li> <li>Big Rusty</li> <li>Duane Heilman / Black Bear</li> <li>Geoff Davis / Old Crow</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gretsch" title="Gretsch">Gretsch</a></li> <li>John Morton</li> <li>Kala</li> <li>R.E. Phillips</li> <li>Pohaku Ukulele</li> <li>Republic Guitars</li> <li>Wailua Instruments</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Players">Players</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prominent professional players of resonator ukuleles include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brozman" title="Bob Brozman">Bob Brozman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Rey_(musician)" title="Del Rey (musician)">Del Rey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">Ukulele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjolele" class="mw-redirect" title="Banjolele">Banjolele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lap_steel_ukulele" title="Lap steel ukulele">Lap steel ukulele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resonator_guitar" title="Resonator guitar">Resonator guitar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukulelejames.com/ukes.htm">James Hill's</a> official site, showing his ukuleles</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Resonator_ukulele" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Resonator ukulele">Resonator ukulele</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reso-nation.org">Reso-Nation - Online Community For Reso-Enthusiasts.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myspace.com/resonancenewsletter">Website for <i>Resonance</i>, a newsletter for resonator guitarists.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008080714/http://www.nationalguitars.com/admin/history.html">Comprehensive online history of National resophonic instruments</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&oldid=1181556119">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resonator_ukulele&oldid=1181556119</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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