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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fundamental_rights_in_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundamental_rights_in_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fundamental rights in Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundamental_rights_in_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Case_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Case_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Case law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Case_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codification_and_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codification_and_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Codification and language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codification_and_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedom_of_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Freedom of information</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criminal_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criminal_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Criminal law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criminal_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Company_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Company_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Company law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Company_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contract_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contract_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Contract law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contract_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Religious law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Tax law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Labour law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Property_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:22.0em; border: 4px double #d69d36;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-base);">This article is part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#d33; border: 1px double #8C959A;"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Politics of Bangladesh</small> </span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/120px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/180px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg/240px-National_emblem_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg/200px-Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg/300px-Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg/400px-Bangladesh_flag_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3313" data-file-height="265" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh"> <span style="color:#FFF;">Constitution</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Amendments to the Constitution of Bangladesh">Amendments</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Law of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Code" title="Bangladesh Code">Bangladesh Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_Code_of_Bangladesh" title="Penal Code of Bangladesh"> Penal Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bangladesh" title="Human rights in Bangladesh">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_70_of_the_Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Article 70 of the Constitution of Bangladesh">Article 70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_review_in_Bangladesh" title="Judicial review in Bangladesh">Judicial review</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Government of Bangladesh"> <span style="color:#FFF;">Government</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/50px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/75px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg/100px-Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Shahabuddin" title="Mohammed Shahabuddin">Mohammed Shahabuddin</a></i><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Adviser_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Adviser of Bangladesh">Chief Adviser</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></i><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Bangladesh" title="Cabinet of Bangladesh">Cabinet</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Yunus_ministry" title="Yunus ministry">Yunus (interim)</a></i><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Bangladesh" title="Taxation in Bangladesh">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_agencies_in_Bangladesh" title="Government agencies in Bangladesh">Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Civil_Service" title="Bangladesh Civil Service">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Local governments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Jatiya Sangsad"> <span style="color:#FFF;"> Parliament </span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad">Speaker</a>: <i>Vacant</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Bangladesh)" title="Leader of the House (Bangladesh)">Leader of the House</a>: <i>Vacant</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Bangladesh)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Bangladesh)">Leader of the Opposition</a>: <i>Vacant</i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Bangladesh" title="Judiciary of Bangladesh"> <span style="color:#FFF;"> Judiciary </span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg/50px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg/75px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg/100px-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Supreme_Court,_Appellate_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Supreme Court, Appellate Division">Appellate Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court Division">High Court Division</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_courts_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="District courts of Bangladesh (page does not exist)">District courts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_courts_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan courts of Bangladesh">Metropolitan courts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Bangladesh" title="Chief Justice of Bangladesh">Chief Justice</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Syed_Refaat_Ahmed" title="Syed Refaat Ahmed">Syed Refaat Ahmed</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Bangladesh" title="Attorney General of Bangladesh">Attorney General</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/AM_Amin_Uddin" title="AM Amin Uddin">AM Amin Uddin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bar_Council" title="Bangladesh Bar Council">Bangladesh Bar Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Administrative geography of Bangladesh"> <span style="color:#FFF;"> Administrative divisions</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Bangladesh" title="Divisions of Bangladesh">Divisions</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Bangladesh" title="Districts of Bangladesh">Districts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upazila" title="Upazila">Subdistricts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Local Councils</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:#FFF;"> Elections </span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Election_Commission" title="Bangladesh Election Commission">Election commission</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladeshi_general_election" title="2024 Bangladeshi general election">2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Bangladeshi_general_election" title="Next Bangladeshi general election"><i>next</i></a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Presidential: <a href="/wiki/2018_Bangladeshi_presidential_election" title="2018 Bangladeshi presidential election">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bangladeshi_presidential_election" title="2023 Bangladeshi presidential election">2023</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladesh" title="List of political parties in Bangladesh">Political parties</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#56bf85; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh"> <span style="color:#FFF;"> Foreign relations </span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bangladesh)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bangladesh)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bangladesh)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Bangladesh)">Minister</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Bangladesh" title="List of diplomatic missions of Bangladesh">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Bangladesh" title="List of diplomatic missions in Bangladesh">in Bangladesh</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationality_law" title="Bangladeshi nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_passport" title="Bangladeshi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Bangladeshi_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Bangladeshi citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Bangladesh" title="Visa policy of Bangladesh">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_diaspora" title="Bangladeshi diaspora">Bangladeshi diaspora</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/48px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/64px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Bangladesh portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Politics of Bangladesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Template talk:Politics of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Bangladesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Bangladesh is a <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> country having its legal system developed by the British rulers during their <a href="/wiki/Colonial_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial rule">colonial rule</a> over <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a>. The land now comprises Bangladesh was known as <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a> during the British and Mughal regime while by some other names earlier. Though there were religious and political equipments and institutions from almost prehistoric era, Mughals first tried to recognise and establish them through state mechanisms. The Charter of 1726, granted by King <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">George I</a>, authorised the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> to establish Mayor's Courts in Madras, Bombay and <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> and is recognised as the first codified law for the British India. As a part of the then British India, it was the first codified law for the then Bengal too. Since independence in 1971, <a href="/wiki/Statutory_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">statutory law</a> enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Bangladesh">Parliament of Bangladesh</a> has been the primary form of legislation. <a href="/wiki/Judge-made_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Judge-made law">Judge-made law</a> continues to be significant in areas such as <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_law" title="Constitutional law">constitutional law</a>. Unlike in other common law countries, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court of Bangladesh</a> has the power to not only interpret laws made by the parliament, but to also declare them null and void and to enforce fundamental rights of the citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Code" title="Bangladesh Code">Bangladesh Code</a> includes a compilation of all laws since 1836. The vast majority of Bangladeshi laws are in English. But most laws adopted after 1987 are in Bengali. <a href="/wiki/Family_law" title="Family law">Family law</a> is intertwined with <a href="/wiki/Religious_law" title="Religious law">religious law</a>. Bangladesh has significant <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> obligations. </p><p>During periods of <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> in the 1970s and 1980s, proclamations and ordinances were issued as laws. In 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> declared that martial law was illegal, which led to a re-enactment of some laws by parliament. A Right to Information Act has been enacted. Several of Bangladesh's laws are controversial, archaic or in violation of the country's own <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">constitution</a>. They include the country's prostitution law, <a href="/wiki/Special_Powers_Act,_1974" title="Special Powers Act, 1974">special powers act</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy_law_in_Bangladesh" title="Blasphemy law in Bangladesh">blasphemy law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedition" title="Sedition">sedition</a> law, <a href="/wiki/Internet_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet regulation">internet regulation</a> law, <a href="/wiki/NGO" class="mw-redirect" title="NGO">NGO</a> law, media regulation law, <a href="/wiki/Military_justice" title="Military justice">military justice</a> and aspects of its <a href="/wiki/Property_law" title="Property law">property law</a>. Many colonial laws require modernization. </p><p>There are no <a href="/wiki/Jury_trials" class="mw-redirect" title="Jury trials">jury trials</a> in Bangladesh. All criminal and civil cases are decided in <a href="/wiki/Bench_trial" title="Bench trial">bench trials</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Justice_Project" title="World Justice Project">World Justice Project</a>, Bangladesh ranked 103rd out of 113 countries in an index of the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">rule of law</a> in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fundamental_rights_in_Bangladesh">Fundamental rights in Bangladesh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Fundamental rights in Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Part III of the Constitution of Bangladesh includes the articles of <a href="/wiki/Fundamental_rights" title="Fundamental rights">fundamental rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights to be void (Article-26)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_before_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Equality before law">Equality before law</a> (Article-27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_discrimination" title="Religious discrimination">Discrimination on grounds of religion</a>, etc. (Article-28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_employment_opportunity" title="Equal employment opportunity">Equality of opportunity in public employment</a> (Article-29)</li> <li>Prohibition of foreign titles, etc. (Article-30)</li> <li>Right to <a href="/wiki/Equal_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Equal protection">protection of law</a> (Article-31)</li> <li>Protection of <a href="/wiki/Right_to_life" title="Right to life">right to life</a> and <a href="/wiki/Personal_liberty" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal liberty">personal liberty</a> (Article-32)</li> <li>Safeguards as to <a href="/wiki/Arrest" title="Arrest">arrest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Detention_(imprisonment)" title="Detention (imprisonment)">detention</a> (Article-33)</li> <li>Prohibition of <a href="/wiki/Forced_labour" title="Forced labour">forced labour</a> (Article-34)</li> <li>Protection in respect of trial and punishment (Article-35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement" title="Freedom of movement">Freedom of movement</a> (Article-36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_assembly" title="Freedom of assembly">Freedom of assembly</a> (Article-37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_association" title="Freedom of association">Freedom of association</a> (Article-38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_conscience" title="Freedom of conscience">Freedom of thought and conscience</a>, and of <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">speech</a> (Article-39)</li> <li>Freedom of profession or occupation (Article-40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom of religion</a> (Article-41)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rights_of_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Rights of property">Rights of property</a> (Article-42)</li> <li>Protection of home and correspondence (Article-43)</li> <li>Enforcement of fundamental rights (Article-44)</li> <li>Modification of rights in respect of disciplinary law (Article-45)</li> <li>Power to provide <a href="/wiki/Indemnity" title="Indemnity">indemnity</a> (Article-46)</li> <li>Saving for certain laws (Article-47)</li> <li>Inapplicability of certain articles (Article-47A)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Case_law">Case law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Case law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Judicial_precedent" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial precedent">Judicial precedent</a> is enshrined under Article 111 of the Constitution of Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bangladeshi courts have provided vital judicial precedent in areas like constitutional law, such as in <i><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Italian_Marble_Works_Ltd._v._Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh Italian Marble Works Ltd. v. Government of Bangladesh">Bangladesh Italian Marble Works Ltd. v. Government of Bangladesh</a></i>, which declared martial law illegal. The judgement of <i><a href="/wiki/Secretary,_Ministry_of_Finance_v_Masdar_Hossain" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary, Ministry of Finance v Masdar Hossain">Secretary, Ministry of Finance v Masdar Hossain</a></i> asserted the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judicial_independence" title="Judicial independence">judicial independence</a>. </p><p>In <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislib.com/case/case-details/5b0965b476ab0b2b26da7117/?search=aruna%20sen%20v.%20government%20of%20bangladesh">Aruna Sen v. Government of Bangladesh</a></i>, the Supreme Court set a precedent against <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_detention" class="mw-redirect" title="Unlawful detention">unlawful detention</a> and torture. The court affirmed the principle of <a href="/wiki/Natural_justice" title="Natural justice">natural justice</a> in the judgement of <i><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Latif_Mirza_v._Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Abdul Latif Mirza v. Government of Bangladesh">Abdul Latif Mirza v. Government of Bangladesh</a></i>. The two verdicts were precedents for invalidating most detentions under the <a href="/wiki/Special_Powers_Act,_1974" title="Special Powers Act, 1974">Special Powers Act, 1974</a>. </p><p>The doctrine of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legitimate_expectation_in_Bangladeshi_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legitimate expectation in Bangladeshi law (page does not exist)">legitimate expectation in Bangladeshi law</a> has developed through <a href="/wiki/Judicial_precedent" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial precedent">judicial precedent</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Codification_and_language">Codification and language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Codification and language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Code" title="Bangladesh Code">Bangladesh Code</a> has been published since 1977. Most of its laws, dating between 1836 and 1987, are in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. Following a government circular in 1987, the code has been published primarily in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>. The language of the Supreme Court and High Court is English. However, most <a href="/wiki/Magistrate" title="Magistrate">magistrates</a> courts and <a href="/wiki/District_court" title="District court">district courts</a> use Bengali. The lack of a uniform language has been a cause of concern, with arguments in favor of both English and Bengali. The country's financial sector depends on English, whereas cultural nationalists prefer Bengali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freedom_of_information">Freedom of information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Freedom of information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Right to Information Act 2009 passed by the <a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Jatiya Sangsad">Jatiya Sangsad</a> was hailed as a major reform. The law allows information requests to most government departments, except the military. Hence, security agreements with foreign countries are not under its purview. </p><p>As of 2016, 76,043 requests have been made to the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Information_Commissioner_(Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Information Commissioner (Bangladesh)">Chief Information Commissioner</a> by citizens and organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criminal_law">Criminal law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Criminal law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main criminal laws are <a href="/wiki/The_Penal_Code,_1860_(Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Penal Code, 1860 (Bangladesh)">The Penal Code, 1860</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Criminal_Procedure" class="mw-redirect" title="Code of Criminal Procedure">Code of Criminal Procedure</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Cattle_trespass" title="Cattle trespass">Cattle Trespass</a> Act 1871, The Explosive Substances Act 1908, The <a href="/wiki/Prevention_of_Corruption_Act" title="Prevention of Corruption Act">Prevention of Corruption Act</a> 1947, The Anti-Corruption Act 1957, The <a href="/wiki/Special_Powers_Act,_1974" title="Special Powers Act, 1974">Special Powers Act</a> 1974, The <a href="/wiki/Dowry_Prohibition_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Dowry Prohibition Act">Dowry Prohibition Act</a> 1980, <a href="/wiki/Narcotics_Control_Act_1990" title="Narcotics Control Act 1990">The Narcotics (Control) Act 1990</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">Women</a> and <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_rights" title="Children's rights">Children</a> Oppression Act 1995 and The <a href="/wiki/Anti-Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Terrorism">Anti-Terrorism</a> Act 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Company_law">Company law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Company law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bangladesh's <a href="/wiki/Company_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Company law">company law</a> has its roots in the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Stock_Companies_Act_1844" title="Joint Stock Companies Act 1844">Joint Stock Companies Act 1844</a> enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>. It was later influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Companies_Act" title="Companies Act">Companies Act</a> 1857, Companies Act 1913 and <a href="/wiki/Companies_Act_1929" title="Companies Act 1929">Companies Act 1929</a>. The Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969 was the most important piece of legislation incorporating corporate activities during the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> period. After the independence of Bangladesh, post partition <a href="/wiki/Indian_company_law" title="Indian company law">Indian company law</a> served as a model for reforms. The Company Law Reforms Committee was set up in 1979 with leading civil servants, chartered accountants and lawyers. The committee's recommendations were not implemented until 1994, when the Companies Act (Bangladesh) 1994 was passed by the <a href="/wiki/Jatiyo_Sangshad" class="mw-redirect" title="Jatiyo Sangshad">Jatiyo Sangshad</a>. The Securities and Exchange Commission Act of 1993 created the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Bangladesh)">Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission</a> to oversee the country's two stock markets.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contract_law">Contract law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Contract law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bangladeshi contract law is based on the <a href="/wiki/Contract_Act,_1872_(Bangladesh)" title="Contract Act, 1872 (Bangladesh)">Contract Act 1872</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sale_of_Goods_Act,_1930_(Bangladesh)" title="Sale of Goods Act, 1930 (Bangladesh)">Sale of Goods Act 1930</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>'s 2016 <a href="/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" title="Ease of doing business index">ease of doing business index</a>, Bangladesh ranks 189th in enforcing contracts.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_law">Religious law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Religious law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Islamic_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic law">Islamic law</a> applies to <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Muslims">Bangladeshi Muslims</a> in <a href="/wiki/Family_law" title="Family law">family law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inheritance_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Inheritance law">inheritance laws</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hindu_personal_law" title="Hindu personal law">Hindu personal law</a> applies to <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Hindus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Hindus">Bangladeshi Hindus</a> in family law. Bangladeshi <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a> also follow Hindu personal law.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Christian Marriage Act, 1872 applies to <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Christian">Bangladeshi Christians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tax_law">Tax law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tax law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Bangladesh" title="Taxation in Bangladesh">Taxation in Bangladesh</a></div> <p>The Customs Act 1969 is the basis of <a href="/wiki/Customs" title="Customs">customs</a> law.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Income_Tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Income Tax">Income Tax</a> Rules were <a href="/wiki/Promulgated" class="mw-redirect" title="Promulgated">promulgated</a> by ordinance in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Value_Added_Tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value Added Tax">Value Added Tax</a> was revised with the <a href="/wiki/Value-added_tax" title="Value-added tax">Value Added Tax</a> (VAT) and Supplementary Duty (SD) Act 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Municipal Taxation Act 1881 governs municipal taxes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Labour_law">Labour law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Labour law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bangladesh Labour Act 2006 was amended with the Bangladesh Labour (Amendment) Bill, 2013 to improve <a href="/wiki/Worker_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Worker rights">worker rights</a>, including greater but limited freedom to form <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a>, and improving occupational health and safety condition in factories. In 2017, the government pledged to remove the ban on trade unions in <a href="/wiki/Export_processing_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Export processing zone">export processing zones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Property_law">Property law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Property law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The constitution guarantees the right to <a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">private property</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_Property_Act_1882" title="Transfer of Property Act 1882">Transfer of Property Act, 1882</a> is the basic <a href="/wiki/Property_law" title="Property law">property law</a>. However, some government agencies like <a href="/wiki/RAJUK" class="mw-redirect" title="RAJUK">RAJUK</a> restrict property transfers in urban areas through <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Vested_Property_Act_(Bangladesh)" title="Vested Property Act (Bangladesh)">Vested Property Act</a> allows the government to confiscate property from entities or individuals deemed as enemies of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intellectual_property_law">Intellectual property law</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Intellectual property law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Patent_and_Designs_Act_1911" title="Patent and Designs Act 1911">Patent and Designs Act 1911</a> is the country's oldest <a href="/wiki/Copyright_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright law">copyright law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Patent and Design Rules were introduced in 1933. The <a href="/wiki/Copyright_Act" title="Copyright Act">Copyright Act</a> 2000, Copyright Rules 2006 and <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">Trademarks</a> Act 2009 are the other main laws.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judiciary">Judiciary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Judiciary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Bangladesh" title="Judiciary of Bangladesh">Judiciary of Bangladesh</a></div> <p>The general hierarchy includes both civil and criminal courts. At the top hierarchy is the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judicial_review">Judicial review</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Judicial review"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Judicial_review_in_Bangladesh" title="Judicial review in Bangladesh">Judicial review in Bangladesh</a> is performed by a system of <a href="/wiki/Writ_petition" class="mw-redirect" title="Writ petition">writ petitions</a> to the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court Division">High Court Division</a> under Article 102 of the constitution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_dispute_resolution">Alternative dispute resolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Alternative dispute resolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_International_Arbitration_Center" title="Bangladesh International Arbitration Center">Bangladesh International Arbitration Center</a> is the sole court of commercial <a href="/wiki/Arbitration" title="Arbitration">arbitration</a> in the country. It is the country's first center for <a href="/wiki/Alternative_dispute_resolution" title="Alternative dispute resolution">alternative dispute resolution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_profession">Legal profession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Legal profession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Bangladesh, a lawyer is called an advocate once they join the Bar. Law students have the option to study abroad, such as training to become barristers in the United Kingdom or in other countries, and can return to Bangladesh to enroll as advocates in the Bangladesi Bar Council. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bar_Council" title="Bangladesh Bar Council">Bangladesh Bar Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Supreme_Court_Bar_Association" title="Bangladesh Supreme Court Bar Association">Bangladesh Supreme Court Bar Association</a> are the leading lawyers' societies in the country. Many of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>'s leading lawyers. such as former <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> chief <a href="/wiki/Irene_Khan" title="Irene Khan">Irene Khan</a>, have been Bangladeshi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bangladesh" title="Human rights in Bangladesh">Human rights in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad" title="List of acts of the Jatiya Sangsad">List of acts of the Jatiya Sangsad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ordinances_issued_in_Bangladesh" title="List of ordinances issued in Bangladesh">List of ordinances issued in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Magistrate_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Magistrate of Bangladesh">Executive Magistrate of Bangladesh</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Bangladesh&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Banglapedia&rft.atitle=Company+Law&rft.date=2014-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DCompany_Law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doingbusiness.org/rankings">"Ranking of economies - Doing Business - World Bank Group"</a>. Doing Business<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ranking+of+economies+-+Doing+Business+-+World+Bank+Group&rft.pub=Doing+Business&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doingbusiness.org%2Frankings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/09/98762.php">"Personal laws in Bangladesh: require enactment and amendment"</a>. <i>The Daily Observer</i>. 2015-07-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Observer&rft.atitle=Personal+laws+in+Bangladesh%3A+require+enactment+and+amendment&rft.date=2015-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.observerbd.com%2F2015%2F07%2F09%2F98762.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/print_sections_all.php?id=27">"Christian Marriage Act, 1872 (Act No. XV of 1872)"</a>. Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christian+Marriage+Act%2C+1872+%28Act+No.+XV+of+1872%29&rft.pub=Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd%2Fprint_sections_all.php%3Fid%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nbr.gov.bd/uploads/acts/7.pdf">"Act No. IV OF 1969"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>National Board of Revenue</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Board+of+Revenue&rft.atitle=Act+No.+IV+OF+1969&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnbr.gov.bd%2Fuploads%2Facts%2F7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/pdf_part.php?id=672">"Income-tax Ordinance, 1984 (Ordinance No. XXXVI of 1984)"</a>. Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Income-tax+Ordinance%2C+1984+%28Ordinance+No.+XXXVI+of+1984%29&rft.pub=Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd%2Fpdf_part.php%3Fid%3D672&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nbr.gov.bd/uploads/acts/18.pdf">"The Value Added Tax and Supplementary Duty Act, 2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>National Board of Revenue</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Board+of+Revenue&rft.atitle=The+Value+Added+Tax+and+Supplementary+Duty+Act%2C+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnbr.gov.bd%2Fuploads%2Facts%2F18.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/pdf_part.php?id=44">"Municipal Taxation Act, 1881 (Act No. XI of 1881)"</a>. Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Municipal+Taxation+Act%2C+1881+%28Act+No.+XI+of+1881%29&rft.pub=Bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd%2Fpdf_part.php%3Fid%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsif_Showkat_Kallol2017" class="citation news cs1">Asif Showkat Kallol (2017-04-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/regulations/2017/04/24/govt-allow-trade-union-epz/">"Govt to now allow trade unions in EPZ factories"</a>. <i>Dhaka Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=Govt+to+now+allow+trade+unions+in+EPZ+factories&rft.date=2017-04-24&rft.au=Asif+Showkat+Kallol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhakatribune.com%2Fbusiness%2Fregulations%2F2017%2F04%2F24%2Fgovt-allow-trade-union-epz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140702162820/http://www.dhakachamber.com/economic_policy/Copyright_Laws-Final.pdf">"Economic Policy Paper on Copyright, Trademark and Patent Protection"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Economic+Policy+Paper+on+Copyright%2C+Trademark+and+Patent+Protection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhakachamber.com%2Feconomic_policy%2FCopyright_Laws-Final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Bangladesh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/profile.jsp?code=BD">"Bangladesh: IP Laws and Treaties"</a>. Wipo.int<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh#History_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh-related_topics" title="List of Bangladesh-related topics">Topics</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_aviation_in_Bangladesh" title="History of aviation in Bangladesh">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Military history of Bangladesh">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Bangladesh" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Bangladesh">Postal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Bengal" title="List of rulers of Bengal">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladesh_tropical_cyclones" title="List of Bangladesh tropical cyclones">Cyclones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Bangladesh" title="List of years in Bangladesh">Years</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anga" title="Anga">Anga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanga_kingdom" title="Vanga kingdom">Vanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pundra_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pundra Kingdom">Pundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhma_kingdom" title="Suhma kingdom">Suhma kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyota_dynasty" title="Pradyota dynasty">Pradyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaishunaga_dynasty" title="Shaishunaga dynasty">Shaishunaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanda_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanda Empire">Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangaridai" title="Gangaridai">Gangaridai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanva_dynasty" title="Kanva dynasty">Kanva dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classical and Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Founding kingdom:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauda Kingdom">Gauda Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Classical empires:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamboja_Pala_dynasty" title="Kamboja Pala dynasty">Kamboja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sena_dynasty" title="Sena dynasty">Sena</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Sultanates:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_rulers_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent">Islamic rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalji_dynasty" title="Khalji dynasty">Khalji dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_Empire" title="Sur Empire">Sur Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baro-Bhuyan" title="Baro-Bhuyan">Baro-Bhuyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal period:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal" title="Nawabs of Bengal">Nawabs of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey" title="Battle of Plassey">Battle of Plassey</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_Raj" title="History of the British Raj">Colonial</a> and Pakistan era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Portuguese Bengala</a></li> <li><i>British Bengal:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bengal_famine_of_1770" title="Great Bengal famine of 1770">Famine of 1770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Sepoy Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance" title="Bengal Renaissance">Bengal Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bengal" title="Prime Minister of Bengal">Prime Minister of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947)" title="Partition of Bengal (1947)">Partition of Bengal (1947)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language_movement" title="Bengali language movement">Language Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_legislative_election,_1954" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bengali legislative election, 1954">Legislative election in 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_point_movement" title="Six point movement">Six point movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Mass_uprising_in_East_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan">1969 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_general_election,_1970" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani general election, 1970">General election in 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence" title="Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence">Proclamation of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Provisional Government of Bangladesh">Provisional Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Timeline of the Bangladesh Liberation War">Timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh_after_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Bangladesh after independence">Republic of Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_famine_of_1974" title="Bangladesh famine of 1974">Famine of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_coups_in_Bangladesh" title="Military coups in Bangladesh">Military coups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ziaur_Rahman" title="Assassination of Ziaur Rahman">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 Bangladesh coup d'état">1982</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Mass_Uprising_in_Bangladesh" title="1990 Mass Uprising in Bangladesh">1990 Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%9308_Bangladeshi_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2006–08 Bangladeshi political crisis">Political crisis in 2006–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Rifles_revolt" title="Bangladesh Rifles revolt">Bangladesh Rifles revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Begums" title="Battle of Begums">Battle of Begums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Bangladesh_violence" title="2013 Bangladesh violence">Protests in 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student%E2%80%93People%27s_uprising" title="Student–People's uprising">Student–People's uprising</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_quota_reform_movement" title="2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement">Quota reform movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_(2024)" title="Non-cooperation movement (2024)">Non-cooperation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_massacre" title="July massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Bangladesh">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chittagong" title="History of Chittagong">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dhaka" title="History of Dhaka">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jessore" title="History of Jessore">Jessore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Noakhali" title="History of Noakhali">Noakhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rangpur" title="History of Rangpur">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sylhet" title="History of Sylhet">Sylhet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Geography of Bangladesh">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_geography_of_Bangladesh" title="Administrative geography of Bangladesh">Administrative:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_Bangladesh" title="Divisions of Bangladesh">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of Bangladesh">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Sub-districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bangladesh" title="List of cities and towns in Bangladesh">Cities and towns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Bangladesh" title="Template:Borders of Bangladesh">Borders</a></li> <li><i>Nature:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islands_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Islands of Bangladesh">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Lakes of Bangladesh">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Mountains of Bangladesh">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parks_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Parks in Bangladesh">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of rivers of Bangladesh">Rivers</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Places:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Fan" title="Bengal Fan">Bengal Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts">Chittagong Hill Tracts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox%27s_Bazar" title="Cox's Bazar">Cox's Bazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatirjheel" title="Hatirjheel">Hatirjheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans" title="Sundarbans">Sundarbans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bangladesh" title="Politics of Bangladesh">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bangladesh" title="Government of Bangladesh">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Executive:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bangladesh" title="President of Bangladesh">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Bangladesh" title="List of presidents of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of prime ministers of Bangladesh">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Bangladesh" title="Cabinet of Bangladesh">Cabinet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Elections in Bangladesh">Elections</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Election_Commission" title="Bangladesh Election Commission">Election Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:General_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:General elections in Bangladesh">General elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Bangladesh" title="Presidential elections in Bangladesh">Presidential elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bangladesh" title="List of political parties in Bangladesh">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bangladesh" title="Foreign relations of Bangladesh">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign policy of Bangladesh">Foreign policies</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Jatiya Sangsad">Jatiya Sangsad</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parliament)</span>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Jatiya_Sangsad" title="Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Local government</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_City_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of City Corporations of Bangladesh">City corporations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Municipal_Corporations_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Municipal Corporations of Bangladesh">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upazilas_of_Bangladesh#Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Upazilas of Bangladesh">Upazila Parishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_councils_of_Bangladesh" title="Union councils of Bangladesh">Union councils</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws in Bangladesh">Law</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bangladesh" title="Constitution of Bangladesh">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Bangladesh" title="Supreme Court of Bangladesh">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court Division">High Court Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_(Bangladesh)" title="International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)">International Crimes Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Bangladesh" title="Chief Justice of Bangladesh">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Bangladesh" title="Attorney General of Bangladesh">Attorney General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bangladesh" title="Human rights in Bangladesh">Human rights</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forced_disappearance_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced disappearance in Bangladesh">Forced disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Freedom of religion in Bangladesh">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Bangladesh">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Bangladesh" title="Women in Bangladesh">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Military</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_in_Bangladesh" title="Category:Law enforcement in Bangladesh">enforcement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Armed_Forces" title="Bangladesh Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Navy" title="Bangladesh Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paramilitary_forces_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Paramilitary forces of Bangladesh">Paramilitary</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Guards_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Guards Bangladesh">Border Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Coast_Guard" title="Bangladesh Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Ansar" title="Bangladesh Ansar">Ansar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Defence_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Village Defence Party">Village Defence Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Guard_Regiment" title="President Guard Regiment">President Guard Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_Force" title="Special Security Force">Special Security Force</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_intelligence_community" title="Bangladeshi intelligence community">Intelligence</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Intelligence" title="National Security Intelligence">NSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_of_Forces_Intelligence" title="Directorate General of Forces Intelligence">DGFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Intelligence_Bureau" title="Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau">CTIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Bangladesh)" title="Special Branch (Bangladesh)">Special Branch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">Police</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Police_Battalion" title="Armed Police Battalion">APBn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Investigation_Department_(Bangladesh)" title="Criminal Investigation Department (Bangladesh)">CID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorism_and_Transnational_Crime" title="Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime">CTTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Police Bureau of Investigation">PBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Action_Battalion" title="Rapid Action Battalion">RAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Security_and_Protection_Battalion" title="Special Security and Protection Battalion">SPBn</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Planning_Commission" title="Bangladesh Planning Commission">Bangladesh Planning Commission</a></li> <li><i>Industries:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Automotive industry in Bangladesh">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Ceramics industry in Bangladesh">Ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Electronics industry in Bangladesh">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Food industry in Bangladesh">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh">Pharmaceutical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Textile industry in Bangladesh">Textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_Bangladesh" title="Shipbuilding in Bangladesh">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Steel industry in Bangladesh">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Tea production in Bangladesh">Tea production</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Finance sectors:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Bangladesh" title="Banking in Bangladesh">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Bank" title="Bangladesh Bank">Bangladesh Bank <span style="font-size:85%;">(central bank)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_taka" title="Bangladeshi taka">Bangladeshi taka <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_system_in_Bangladesh" title="Financial system in Bangladesh">Financial system</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Stock Exchange:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Stock_Exchange" title="Chittagong Stock Exchange">Chittagong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Stock_Exchange" title="Dhaka Stock Exchange">Dhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bangladesh_share_market_scam" title="2011 Bangladesh share market scam">2011 scam</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Energy and resources:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Bangladesh" title="Energy policy of Bangladesh">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Bangladesh" title="Electricity sector in Bangladesh">Electricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_and_petroleum_in_Bangladesh" title="Natural gas and petroleum in Bangladesh">Natural gas and petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_energy_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear energy in Bangladesh">Nuclear energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Bangladesh" title="Renewable energy in Bangladesh">Renewable energy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Export_Processing_Zone_Authority" title="Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority">Export Processing Zones</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bangladesh" title="Agriculture in Bangladesh">Agriculture</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_Bangladesh" title="Rice production in Bangladesh">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming_in_Bangladesh" title="Poultry farming in Bangladesh">Poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing in Bangladesh">Fishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Bangladesh" title="Forestry in Bangladesh">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bangladesh" title="Tourism in Bangladesh">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Bangladesh" title="Poverty in Bangladesh">Poverty</a></li> <li><i>Infrastructure:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Post_Office" title="Bangladesh Post Office">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bangladesh" title="Telecommunications in Bangladesh">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate_in_Bangladesh" title="Real estate in Bangladesh">Real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Bangladesh" title="Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bangladesh" title="Transport in Bangladesh">Transport</a>:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Bangladesh" title="List of airports in Bangladesh">Airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Bangladesh" title="List of airlines of Bangladesh">Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway" title="Bangladesh Railway">Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Bangladesh" title="List of roads in Bangladesh">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ports_and_harbours_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Ports and harbours of Bangladesh">Ports</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Society of Bangladesh">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bangladesh" title="Demographics of Bangladesh">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Bangladesh">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi name">Names</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Bangladesh" title="Crime in Bangladesh">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Bangladesh" title="Corruption in Bangladesh">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Bangladesh" title="Human trafficking in Bangladesh">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Bangladesh" title="Terrorism in Bangladesh">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Bangladesh" title="Education in Bangladesh">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Bangladesh" title="List of schools in Bangladesh">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Bangladesh" title="List of universities in Bangladesh">Universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Bangladesh" title="Health in Bangladesh">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_Bangladesh" title="Hunger in Bangladesh">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Religion in Bangladesh">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_society" title="Bangladeshi society">Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bangladesh" title="Culture of Bangladesh">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Bangladesh" title="Architecture of Bangladesh">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaliana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaliana">Bangaliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">Bangladeshi nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" title="Bengali calendars">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bangladesh" title="Cinema of Bangladesh">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_studies" title="Bengal studies">Bengal studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_literature" title="Bengali literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bangladesh" title="Music of Bangladesh">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bangladesh" title="Public holidays in Bangladesh">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bangladesh" title="Sport in Bangladesh">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_traditional_games" title="Bengali traditional games">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_theatre" title="Bengali theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Bangladesh" title="List of radio stations in Bangladesh">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Bangladesh" title="Television in Bangladesh">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Bangladesh" title="Sexuality in Bangladesh">Sexuality</a></li> <li>Marriage</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh" title="National symbols of Bangladesh">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Shonar_Bangla" class="mw-redirect" title="Amar Shonar Bangla">Amar Shonar Bangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangamata" title="Bangamata">Bangamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengal fire">Bengal fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungalow" title="Bungalow">Bungalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangladesh" title="Flag of Bangladesh">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Seal_of_Bangladesh" title="Government Seal of Bangladesh">Government Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Ilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangifera_indica" title="Mangifera indica">Mango tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_Bangladesh" title="National Emblem of Bangladesh">National Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Martyrs%27_Memorial" title="National Martyrs' Memorial">National Martyrs' Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notuner_Gaan" title="Notuner Gaan">Notuner Gaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_magpie-robin" title="Oriental magpie-robin">Oriental magpie-robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaea_nouchali" title="Nymphaea nouchali">Water lily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladeshi_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Bangladeshi inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bangladesh" title="Outline of Bangladesh">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bangladesh" title="Category:Bangladesh">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh" title="Portal:Bangladesh">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Law_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Law_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Asia">Law of Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Afghanistan" title="Law of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Armenia" title="Law of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Azerbaijan" title="Law of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Bahrain" title="Law of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Bhutan" title="Law of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Cambodia" title="Law of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Cyprus" title="Law of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_East_Timor" title="Law of East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Egypt" title="Law of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_India" title="Law of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Indonesia" title="Law of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iraq" title="Law of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_law" title="Israeli law">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Japan" title="Law of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jordan" title="Law of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_North_Korea" title="Law of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_South_Korea" title="Law of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Laos" title="Law of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Malaysia" title="Law of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Nepal (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Pakistan" title="Law of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of the Philippines (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Russia" title="Law of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Singapore" title="Law of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Law of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Thailand" title="Law of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Vietnam" title="Law of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Hong_Kong" title="Law of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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