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id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/ephesians/4-30.htm" title="Ephesians 4:30">◄</a> Ephesians 4:31 <a href="/ephesians/4-32.htm" title="Ephesians 4:32">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Study Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Crossref </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comment </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/ephesians/4.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/ephesians/4.htm">New International Version</a> Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, brawling and slander, along with every form of malice. <a href="/nlt/ephesians/4.htm">New Living Translation</a> Get rid of all bitterness, rage, anger, harsh words, and slander, as well as all types of evil behavior. <a href="/esv/ephesians/4.htm">English Standard Version</a> Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. <a href="/bsb/ephesians/4.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice. <a href="/blb/ephesians/4.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> Let all bitterness, and rage, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/kjv/ephesians/4.htm">King James Bible</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: <a href="/nkjv/ephesians/4.htm">New King James Version</a> Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice. <a href="/nasb_/ephesians/4.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> All bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and slander must be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/nasb/ephesians/4.htm">NASB 1995</a> Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. <a href="/nasb77/ephesians/4.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. <a href="/lsb/ephesians/4.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Let all bitterness and anger and wrath and shouting and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. <a href="/amp/ephesians/4.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor [perpetual animosity, resentment, strife, fault-finding] and slander be put away from you, along with every kind of malice [all spitefulness, verbal abuse, malevolence]. <a href="/csb/ephesians/4.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Let all bitterness, anger and wrath, shouting and slander be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/hcsb/ephesians/4.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> All bitterness, anger and wrath, shouting and slander must be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/asv/ephesians/4.htm">American Standard Version</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice: <a href="/cev/ephesians/4.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Stop being bitter and angry and mad at others. Don't yell at one another or curse each other or ever be rude. <a href="/erv/ephesians/4.htm">English Revised Version</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice: <a href="/gwt/ephesians/4.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Get rid of your bitterness, hot tempers, anger, loud quarreling, cursing, and hatred. <a href="/gnt/ephesians/4.htm">Good News Translation</a> Get rid of all bitterness, passion, and anger. No more shouting or insults, no more hateful feelings of any sort. <a href="/isv/ephesians/4.htm">International Standard Version</a> Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, quarreling, and slander be put away from you, along with all hatred. <a href="/msb/ephesians/4.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice. <a href="/net/ephesians/4.htm">NET Bible</a> You must put away every kind of bitterness, anger, wrath, quarreling, and evil, slanderous talk. <a href="/nheb/ephesians/4.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander, be put away from you, with all malice. <a href="/wbt/ephesians/4.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: <a href="/wey/ephesians/4.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Let all bitterness and all passionate feeling, all anger and loud insulting language, be unknown among you--and also every kind of malice. <a href="/web/ephesians/4.htm">World English Bible</a> Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander be put away from you, with all malice. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/ephesians/4.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be put away from you, with all malice, <a href="/blb/ephesians/4.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> Let all bitterness, and rage, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/ylt/ephesians/4.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice, <a href="/slt/ephesians/4.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Let all harshness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be put away from you, with all badness:<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/ephesians/4.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Let all bitterness, and anger, and indignation, and clamour, and blasphemy, be put away from you, with all malice. <a href="/cpdv/ephesians/4.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Let all bitterness and anger and indignation and outcry and blasphemy be taken away from you, along with all malice. <a href="/nabre/ephesians/4.htm">New American Bible</a> All bitterness, fury, anger, shouting, and reviling must be removed from you, along with all malice. <a href="/nrsvce/ephesians/4.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Put away from you all bitterness and wrath and anger and wrangling and slander, together with all malice,<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/ephesians/4.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Let all bitterness and wrath, and anger, and clamouring and blasphemy be put away from you, together with all malice: <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/ephesians/4.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> Let all bitterness, fury, rage, clamor, and insults be taken away from you with all wickedness,<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/ephesians/4.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> Let all bitterness and anger and wrath and clamor and impious speaking be put away from you, with all malice: <a href="/godbey/ephesians/4.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and blasphemy, depart from you, with all evil. <a href="/haweis/ephesians/4.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and scandal, be removed from you, with all malice: <a href="/mace/ephesians/4.htm">Mace New Testament</a> banish all resentment and indignation, anger, vehemence, detraction, and every thing like malice. <a href="/wey/ephesians/4.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Let all bitterness and all passionate feeling, all anger and loud insulting language, be unknown among you--and also every kind of malice. <a href="/worrell/ephesians/4.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and reviling, be put away from you, with all wickedness; <a href="/worsley/ephesians/4.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> Let all bitterness, and wrath, and fury, and clamor, and calumny, be put away from you, with all malice: and be kind one to another, <a href="/parallel/ephesians/4-31.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AfeSHen3sAQ?start=806" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/ephesians/4.htm">New Life in Christ </a> …30And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. 31<a href="/greek/142.htm" title="142: arthētō (V-AMP-3S) -- To raise, lift up, take away, remove. ">Get rid of</a> <a href="/greek/575.htm" title="575: aph’ (Prep) -- From, away from. A primary particle; off, i.e. Away, in various senses."></a> <a href="/greek/4771.htm" title="4771: hymōn (PPro-G2P) -- You. The person pronoun of the second person singular; thou."></a> <a href="/greek/3956.htm" title="3956: Pasa (Adj-NFS) -- All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.">all</a> <a href="/greek/4088.htm" title="4088: pikria (N-NFS) -- Bitterness, harshness, hence met: an embittered (resentful) spirit. From pikros; acridity, literally or figuratively.">bitterness,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. "></a> <a href="/greek/2372.htm" title="2372: thymos (N-NMS) -- An outburst of passion, wrath. From thuo; passion.">rage</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3709.htm" title="3709: orgē (N-NFS) -- From oregomai; properly, desire, i.e., violent passion (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punishment.">anger,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. "></a> <a href="/greek/2906.htm" title="2906: kraugē (N-NFS) -- (a) a shout, cry, clamor, (b) outcry, clamoring against another. From krazo; an outcry.">outcry</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/988.htm" title="988: blasphēmia (N-NFS) -- Abusive or scurrilous language, blasphemy. From blasphemos; vilification.">slander,</a> <a href="/greek/4862.htm" title="4862: syn (Prep) -- With. A primary preposition denoting union; with or together.">along with</a> <a href="/greek/3956.htm" title="3956: pasē (Adj-DFS) -- All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.">every form</a> <a href="/greek/2549.htm" title="2549: kakia (N-DFS) -- From kakos; badness, i.e. depravity, or malignity, or trouble.">of malice.</a> 32Be kind and tenderhearted to one another, forgiving each other just as in Christ God forgave you.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Colossians 3:8</a> But now you must put aside all such things as these: anger, rage, malice, slander, and filthy language from your lips. <a href="/james/1-19.htm">James 1:19-20</a> My beloved brothers, understand this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak, and slow to anger, / for man’s anger does not bring about the righteousness that God desires. <a href="/matthew/5-22.htm">Matthew 5:22</a> But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell. <a href="/proverbs/15-1.htm">Proverbs 15:1</a> A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. <a href="/romans/12-19.htm">Romans 12:19</a> Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.” <a href="/1_peter/2-1.htm">1 Peter 2:1</a> Rid yourselves, therefore, of all malice, deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and slander. <a href="/galatians/5-19.htm">Galatians 5:19-21</a> The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery; / idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage; rivalries, divisions, factions, / and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I did before, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. <a href="/proverbs/14-29.htm">Proverbs 14:29</a> A patient man has great understanding, but a quick-tempered man promotes folly. <a href="/1_corinthians/13-4.htm">1 Corinthians 13:4-5</a> Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. / It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no account of wrongs. <a href="/psalms/37-8.htm">Psalm 37:8</a> Refrain from anger and abandon wrath; do not fret—it can only bring harm. <a href="/titus/3-2.htm">Titus 3:2</a> to malign no one, and to be peaceable and gentle, showing full consideration to everyone. <a href="/proverbs/16-32.htm">Proverbs 16:32</a> He who is slow to anger is better than a warrior, and he who controls his temper is greater than one who captures a city. <a href="/matthew/15-18.htm">Matthew 15:18-19</a> But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these things defile a man. / For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, and slander. <a href="/ecclesiastes/7-9.htm">Ecclesiastes 7:9</a> Do not be quickly provoked in your spirit, for anger settles in the lap of a fool. <a href="/1_john/3-15.htm">1 John 3:15</a> Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that eternal life does not reside in a murderer.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:bitterness.<a href="/psalms/64-3.htm">Psalm 64:3</a> Who whet their tongue like a sword, and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words:<a href="/romans/3-14.htm">Romans 3:14</a> Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:<a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Colossians 3:8,19</a> But now ye also put off all these; anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy communication out of your mouth… wrath.<a href="/ephesians/4-26.htm">Ephesians 4:26</a> Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath:<a href="/proverbs/14-17.htm">Proverbs 14:17</a> He that is soon angry dealeth foolishly: and a man of wicked devices is hated.<a href="/proverbs/19-12.htm">Proverbs 19:12</a> The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favour is as dew upon the grass.clamour.<a href="/2_samuel/19-43.htm">2 Samuel 19:43</a> And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye: why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king? And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.<a href="/2_samuel/20-1.htm">2 Samuel 20:1,2</a> And there happened to be there a man of Belial, whose name was Sheba, the son of Bichri, a Benjamite: and he blew a trumpet, and said, We have no part in David, neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: every man to his tents, O Israel… <a href="/proverbs/29-9.htm">Proverbs 29:9,22</a> If a wise man contendeth with a foolish man, whether he rage or laugh, there is no rest… evil speaking.<a href="/leviticus/19-16.htm">Leviticus 19:16</a> Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people: neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I am the LORD.<a href="/2_samuel/19-27.htm">2 Samuel 19:27</a> And he hath slandered thy servant unto my lord the king; but my lord the king is as an angel of God: do therefore what is good in thine eyes.<a href="/psalms/15-3.htm">Psalm 15:3</a> He that backbiteth not with his tongue, nor doeth evil to his neighbour, nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour.with.<a href="/genesis/4-8.htm">Genesis 4:8</a> And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.<a href="/genesis/27-41.htm">Genesis 27:41</a> And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him: and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning for my father are at hand; then will I slay my brother Jacob.<a href="/genesis/37-4.htm">Genesis 37:4,21</a> And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/ephesians/4-26.htm">Anger</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-20.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/romans/3-14.htm">Bitterness</a> <a href="/proverbs/25-24.htm">Brawling</a> <a href="/acts/23-9.htm">Clamor</a> <a href="/luke/23-23.htm">Clamour</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-29.htm">Evil</a> <a href="/revelation/13-6.htm">Evil-Speaking</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-19.htm">Feeling</a> <a href="/luke/22-65.htm">Insulting</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-19.htm">Kind</a> <a href="/romans/1-30.htm">Loud</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/14-20.htm">Malice</a> <a href="/acts/24-18.htm">Noise</a> <a href="/acts/19-34.htm">Outcry</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/13-5.htm">Passionate</a> <a href="/acts/19-28.htm">Rage</a> <a href="/mark/7-22.htm">Railing</a> <a href="/galatians/4-30.htm">Rid</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-10.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-20.htm">Slander</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-15.htm">Speaking</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-10.htm">Unkind</a> <a href="/galatians/1-22.htm">Unknown</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-29.htm">Words</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-26.htm">Wrath</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/ephesians/5-6.htm">Anger</a> <a href="/colossians/3-19.htm">Bitter</a> <a href="/hebrews/12-15.htm">Bitterness</a> <a href="/proverbs/21-9.htm">Brawling</a> <a href="/psalms/74-23.htm">Clamor</a> <a href="/matthew/12-39.htm">Clamour</a> <a href="/ephesians/5-3.htm">Evil</a> <a href="/revelation/2-9.htm">Evil-Speaking</a> <a href="/philippians/2-2.htm">Feeling</a> <a href="/2_peter/2-11.htm">Insulting</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-32.htm">Kind</a> <a href="/1_thessalonians/4-16.htm">Loud</a> <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Malice</a> <a href="/2_peter/3-10.htm">Noise</a> <a href="/james/5-4.htm">Outcry</a> <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Passionate</a> <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Rage</a> <a href="/1_peter/3-9.htm">Railing</a> <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Rid</a> <a href="/1_timothy/5-1.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm">Slander</a> <a href="/ephesians/5-19.htm">Speaking</a> <a href="/2_timothy/3-2.htm">Unkind</a> <a href="/genesis/41-31.htm">Unknown</a> <a href="/ephesians/5-4.htm">Words</a> <a href="/ephesians/5-6.htm">Wrath</a><div class="vheading2">Ephesians 4</div>1. <a href="/ephesians/4-1.htm">He exhorts to unity;</a> 7. <a href="/ephesians/4-7.htm">and declares that God therefore gives various gifts unto men;</a> 11. <a href="/ephesians/4-11.htm">that his church might be edified,</a> 16. <a href="/ephesians/4-16.htm">and grow up in Christ.</a> 18. <a href="/ephesians/4-18.htm">He calls them from the impurity of the Gentiles;</a> 24. <a href="/ephesians/4-24.htm">to put on the new man;</a> 25. <a href="/ephesians/4-25.htm">to cast off lying;</a> 29. <a href="/ephesians/4-29.htm">and corrupt communication.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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In the context of Ephesians, Paul is urging believers to actively and decisively remove these negative traits from their lives. This is not a passive suggestion but a call to action, emphasizing the believer's responsibility in the sanctification process. The historical context of the early church, surrounded by pagan practices and moral decay, underscores the need for Christians to stand apart by embodying Christ-like virtues.all bitterness "Bitterness" comes from the Greek word "pikria," which refers to a sharp, acrid taste or metaphorically to a resentful spirit. Bitterness can fester in the heart, leading to spiritual decay and relational strife. In the scriptural context, bitterness is often associated with unforgiveness and a lack of grace. <a href="/hebrews/12-15.htm">Hebrews 12:15</a> warns against a "root of bitterness" that can cause trouble and defile many, highlighting the destructive nature of harboring resentment.rage and anger The terms "rage" (Greek "thumos") and "anger" (Greek "orge") are closely related but distinct. "Thumos" refers to a passionate, explosive outburst of temper, while "orge" denotes a more settled, enduring state of wrath. Both are contrary to the fruit of the Spirit, which includes peace and self-control (<a href="/galatians/5-22.htm">Galatians 5:22-23</a>). In the historical context of Ephesus, a city known for its idolatry and moral corruption, such emotions could easily lead to discord and division within the church.outcry and slander "Outcry" (Greek "krauge") refers to loud, clamorous shouting, often in anger or protest. "Slander" (Greek "blasphemia") involves speaking evil or falsely about someone, damaging their reputation. These behaviors are antithetical to the Christian call to love and edify one another. In the early church, maintaining unity and a good witness to the surrounding pagan culture was paramount, making these admonitions particularly relevant.along with every form of malice "Malice" (Greek "kakia") is a general term for wickedness or ill will. It encompasses all forms of evil intent and behavior. The phrase "every form" indicates the comprehensive nature of this command, leaving no room for any kind of malevolent attitude or action. Historically, the church in Ephesus faced internal and external challenges, and Paul’s exhortation serves as a reminder that the Christian community must be marked by purity and love, reflecting the character of Christ.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/ephesians/4.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3 a) In <a href="/ephesians/4-31.htm" title="Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:">Ephesians 4:31</a> to <a href="/ephesians/5-2.htm" title="And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us, and has given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet smelling smell.">Ephesians 5:2</a>, he deals with malignity, as utterly unworthy of the love of God manifested to us in Jesus Christ.(31) Let all bitterness.--There is a similar enumeration in the parallel passage, <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm" title=" But now you also put off all these; anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy communication out of your mouth.">Colossians 3:8</a>; and in all such catalogues in St. Paul's Epistles, while it is vain to seek for formal and elaborate system, there is always profound method and connection of idea. Here the first symptom of the temper forbidden is "bitterness," or sharpness--a word seldom used, and generally in half-poetical passages (see <a href="/acts/8-23.htm" title="For I perceive that you are in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.">Acts 8:23</a>; <a href="/romans/3-14.htm" title="Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:">Romans 3:14</a>; <a href="/hebrews/12-15.htm" title="Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled;">Hebrews 12:15</a>)--that is, an acerbity of temper, ready to take offence and break out in anger. The next stage is "wrath and anger," that is, passionate outburst, and the deeper anger of which it is at once effect and cause. (Comp. <a href="/romans/2-8.htm" title="But to them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,">Romans 2:8</a>; <a href="/colossians/3-8.htm" title=" But now you also put off all these; anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy communication out of your mouth.">Colossians 3:8</a>; <a href="/revelation/19-15.htm" title="And out of his mouth goes a sharp sword, that with it he should smite the nations: and he shall rule them with a rod of iron: and he treads the wine press of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty God.">Revelation 19:15</a>.) In these the smouldering bitterness kindles into flame. The last stage is "clamour and evil speaking"--"clamour" (used in this sense only here) being the loud fury of the first burst of wrath, passing into the more deliberate evil-speaking, as the temper cools down without losing its settled anger. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/ephesians/4.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 31. - Let all bitterness; not only in speech, but in mind, disposition, habit. And wrath and anger; nearly synonymous, but perhaps" wrath" is equivalent to the tumultuous excited state of mind, out of which comes anger, the settled feeling of dislike and enmity. And clamor and evil-speaking be put away from you; "clamor," equivalent to the loud noise of strife, the excited shouting down of opponents; "evil-speaking," the more deliberate habit of running down their character, exciting an evil feeling against them in the minds of others. With all malice; equivalent to wishing evil, whether in a more pronounced or in a latent and half-conscious form, whether expressing itself in the way of coarse malediction or lurking in a corner of the heart, as an evil spirit of which we should be ashamed; all are rags of the old man, as disgraceful to Christians as literal rags to a man of position; utterly unworthy of the regenerated child of God. Chrysostom, rather fancifully, treats them as a genealogy: "Bitterness bred wrath, wrath anger, anger clamor, clamor evil-speaking, which is railing." <a href="/commentaries/ephesians/4-31.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>Get rid of ἀρθήτω (arthētō) Verb - Aorist Imperative Passive - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_142.htm">Strong's 142: </a> To raise, lift up, take away, remove. all Πᾶσα (Pasa) Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3956.htm">Strong's 3956: </a> All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole. bitterness, πικρία (pikria) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4088.htm">Strong's 4088: </a> Bitterness, harshness, hence met: an embittered (resentful) spirit. From pikros; acridity, literally or figuratively. rage θυμὸς (thymos) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2372.htm">Strong's 2372: </a> An outburst of passion, wrath. From thuo; passion. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. anger, ὀργὴ (orgē) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3709.htm">Strong's 3709: </a> From oregomai; properly, desire, i.e., violent passion (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punishment. outcry κραυγὴ (kraugē) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2906.htm">Strong's 2906: </a> (a) a shout, cry, clamor, (b) outcry, clamoring against another. From krazo; an outcry. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. slander, βλασφημία (blasphēmia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_988.htm">Strong's 988: </a> Abusive or scurrilous language, blasphemy. From blasphemos; vilification. along with σὺν (syn) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_4862.htm">Strong's 4862: </a> With. A primary preposition denoting union; with or together. every form πάσῃ (pasē) Adjective - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3956.htm">Strong's 3956: </a> All, the whole, every kind of. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole. of malice. κακίᾳ (kakia) Noun - Dative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2549.htm">Strong's 2549: </a> From kakos; badness, i.e. depravity, or malignity, or trouble. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/ephesians/4-31.htm">Ephesians 4:31 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/ephesians/4-31.htm">NT Letters: Ephesians 4:31 Let all bitterness wrath anger outcry (Ephes. Eph. Ep) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/ephesians/4-30.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Ephesians 4:30"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Ephesians 4:30" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/ephesians/4-32.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Ephesians 4:32"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Ephesians 4:32" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>