CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Psalm 78:44 He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/psalms/78-44.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/2/19_Psa_078_044.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Psalm 78:44 - I Will Open My Mouth in Parables" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/psalms/78-44.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/psalms/78-44.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/psalms/">Psalms</a> > <a href="/psalms/78.htm">Chapter 78</a> > Verse 44</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad4.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/psalms/78-43.htm" title="Psalm 78:43">◄</a> Psalm 78:44 <a href="/psalms/78-45.htm" title="Psalm 78:45">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/psalms/78.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/psalms/78.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />He turned their river into blood; they could not drink from their streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/psalms/78.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />For he turned their rivers into blood, so no one could drink from the streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/psalms/78.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />He turned their rivers to blood, so that they could not drink of their streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/psalms/78.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/psalms/78.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/psalms/78.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Turned their rivers into blood, And their streams, that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/psalms/78.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />And turned their rivers to blood, And their streams, <i>so that</i> they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/psalms/78.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />And turned their rivers to blood, And their streams, they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/psalms/78.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And turned their rivers to blood, And their streams, they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/psalms/78.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And turned their rivers to blood, And their streams, they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/psalms/78.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />And turned their rivers into blood, And their streams, so that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/psalms/78.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />He turned their rivers into blood, and they could not drink from their streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/psalms/78.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />He turned their rivers into blood, and they could not drink from their streams. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/psalms/78.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And turned their rivers into blood, And their streams, so that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/psalms/78.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />He turned the rivers of Egypt into blood, and no one could drink from the streams. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/psalms/78.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And turned their rivers into blood, and their streams, that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/psalms/78.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />He turned their rivers into blood so that they could not drink from their streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/psalms/78.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />He turned the rivers into blood, and the Egyptians had no water to drink. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/psalms/78.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />He turned their rivers into blood and made their streams undrinkable.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/psalms/78.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/psalms/78.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />He turned their rivers into blood, and they could not drink from their streams. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/psalms/78.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />he turned their rivers into blood, and their streams, so that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/psalms/78.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/psalms/78.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />he turned their rivers into blood, and their streams, so that they could not drink. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/psalms/78.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And He turns their streams to blood, "" And they do not drink their floods.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/psalms/78.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And He turneth to blood their streams, And their floods they drink not.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/psalms/78.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And he turned to blood their rivers, and their flowings they shall not drink.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/psalms/78.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And he turned their rivers into blood, and their showers that they might, not drink. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/psalms/78.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 77:44>And he turned their rivers into blood, along with their rain showers, so that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/psalms/78.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />God turned their rivers to blood; their streams they could not drink. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/psalms/78.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />He turned their rivers to blood, so that they could not drink of their streams.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/psalms/78.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Nor how he had turned their rivers into blood and their brooks, that they could not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/psalms/78.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And he turned their rivers to blood, and their streams, that they would not drink the waters.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/psalms/78.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And turned their rivers into blood, So that they could not drink their streams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/psalms/78.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />and had changed their rivers into blood; and their streams, that they should not drink.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/psalms/78-44.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/nFaD2oDhKPc?start=9759" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/psalms/78.htm">I Will Open My Mouth in Parables</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">43</span>when He performed His signs in Egypt and His wonders in the fields of Zoan. <span class="reftext">44</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/2015.htm" title="2015: way·ya·hă·p̄ōḵ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To turn, overturn. A primitive root; to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert.">He turned</a> <a href="/hebrew/2975.htm" title="2975: yə·’ō·rê·hem (N-mpc:: 3mp) -- Stream (of the Nile), stream, canal. ">their rivers</a> <a href="/hebrew/1818.htm" title="1818: lə·ḏām (Prep:: N-ms) -- Blood. From damam; blood of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively bloodshed.">to blood,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5140.htm" title="5140: wə·nō·zə·lê·hem (Conj-w:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-mpc:: 3mp) -- To flow, trickle, drop, distill. A primitive root; to drip, or shed by trickling.">and from their streams</a> <a href="/hebrew/1077.htm" title="1077: bal- (Adv) -- Not. From balah; properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually not at all; also lest.">they could not</a> <a href="/hebrew/8354.htm" title="8354: yiš·tā·yūn (V-Qal-Imperf-3mp:: Pn) -- To drink. A primitive root; to imbibe.">drink.</a> </span><span class="reftext">45</span>He sent swarms of flies that devoured them, and frogs that devastated them.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/7-17.htm">Exodus 7:17-21</a></span><br />This is what the LORD says: By this you will know that I am the LORD. Behold, with the staff in my hand I will strike the water of the Nile, and it will turn to blood. / The fish in the Nile will die, the river will stink, and the Egyptians will be unable to drink its water.’” / And the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt—over their rivers and canals and ponds and all the reservoirs—that they may become blood.’ There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in the vessels of wood and stone.” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/16-4.htm">Revelation 16:4</a></span><br />And the third angel poured out his bowl into the rivers and springs of water, and they turned to blood.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/4-9.htm">Exodus 4:9</a></span><br />But if they do not believe even these two signs or listen to your voice, take some water from the Nile and pour it on the dry ground. Then the water you take from the Nile will become blood on the ground.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">Exodus 7:19</a></span><br />And the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt—over their rivers and canals and ponds and all the reservoirs—that they may become blood.’ There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in the vessels of wood and stone.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/8-5.htm">Exodus 8:5-6</a></span><br />And the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers and canals and ponds, and cause the frogs to come up onto the land of Egypt.’” / So Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, and the frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/9-22.htm">Exodus 9:22-25</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that hail may fall on all the land of Egypt—on man and beast and every plant of the field throughout the land of Egypt.” / So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning struck the earth. So the LORD rained down hail upon the land of Egypt. / The hail fell and the lightning continued flashing through it. The hail was so severe that nothing like it had ever been seen in all the land of Egypt from the time it became a nation. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/10-21.htm">Exodus 10:21-23</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that darkness may spread over the land of Egypt—a palpable darkness.” / So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and total darkness covered all the land of Egypt for three days. / No one could see anyone else, and for three days no one left his place. Yet all the Israelites had light in their dwellings.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Exodus 12:29-30</a></span><br />Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock. / During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/2-7.htm">John 2:7-9</a></span><br />Jesus told the servants, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim. / “Now draw some out,” He said, “and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so, / and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not know where it was from, but the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/8-8.htm">Revelation 8:8</a></span><br />Then the second angel sounded his trumpet, and something like a great mountain burning with fire was thrown into the sea. A third of the sea turned to blood,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/11-6.htm">Revelation 11:6</a></span><br />These witnesses have power to shut the sky so that no rain will fall during the days of their prophecy, and power to turn the waters into blood and to strike the earth with every kind of plague as often as they wish.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/2-21.htm">2 Kings 2:21-22</a></span><br />and Elisha went out to the spring, cast the salt into it, and said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘I have healed this water. No longer will it cause death or unfruitfulness.’” / And the waters there have been healthy to this day, according to the word spoken by Elisha.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/4-41.htm">2 Kings 4:41</a></span><br />Then Elisha said, “Get some flour.” He threw it into the pot and said, “Pour it out for the people to eat.” And there was nothing harmful in the pot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/5-14.htm">2 Kings 5:14</a></span><br />So Naaman went down and dipped himself in the Jordan seven times, according to the word of the man of God, and his flesh was restored and became like that of a little child, and he was clean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/6-6.htm">2 Kings 6:6</a></span><br />“Where did it fall?” asked the man of God. And when he showed him the place, the man of God cut a stick, threw it there, and made the iron float.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/105-29.htm">Psalm 105:29</a></b></br> He turned their waters into blood, and slew their fish.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/7-17.htm">Exodus 7:17-21</a></b></br> Thus saith the LORD, In this thou shalt know that I <i>am</i> the LORD: behold, I will smite with the rod that <i>is</i> in mine hand upon the waters which <i>are</i> in the river, and they shall be turned to blood… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/16-3.htm">Revelation 16:3-6</a></b></br> And the second angel poured out his vial upon the sea; and it became as the blood of a dead <i>man</i>: and every living soul died in the sea… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/psalms/78-20.htm">Able</a> <a href="/psalms/72-14.htm">Blood</a> <a href="/psalms/78-15.htm">Drink</a> <a href="/psalms/69-2.htm">Floods</a> <a href="/psalms/78-16.htm">Rivers</a> <a href="/psalms/78-20.htm">Streams</a> <a href="/psalms/78-41.htm">Turned</a> <a href="/psalms/53-6.htm">Turneth</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/psalms/88-8.htm">Able</a> <a href="/psalms/79-3.htm">Blood</a> <a href="/psalms/80-5.htm">Drink</a> <a href="/psalms/93-3.htm">Floods</a> <a href="/psalms/89-25.htm">Rivers</a> <a href="/psalms/98-8.htm">Streams</a> <a href="/psalms/78-57.htm">Turned</a> <a href="/psalms/94-15.htm">Turneth</a><div class="vheading2">Psalm 78</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/78-1.htm">An exhortation both to learn and to preach, the law of God</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/78-9.htm">The story of God's wrath against the incredulous and disobedient</a></span><br><span class="reftext">67. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/78-67.htm">The Israelites being rejected, God chose Judah, Zion, and David.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/78.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/psalms/78.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>He turned their rivers to blood</b><br>This phrase refers to the first of the ten plagues that God sent upon Egypt as described in <a href="/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14-25</a>. The transformation of the Nile River into blood was a direct challenge to the Egyptian gods, particularly Hapi, the god of the Nile, demonstrating the supremacy of the God of Israel. The Nile was the lifeblood of Egypt, essential for agriculture, transportation, and daily life. Turning it to blood symbolized a complete disruption of Egyptian society and economy. This act also prefigures the power of Christ's blood in the New Testament, which brings both judgment and redemption.<p><b>and from their streams they could not drink</b><br>The inability to drink from the streams highlights the severity of the plague. It was not just the main river but all water sources that were affected, emphasizing the totality of God's judgment. This mirrors the spiritual thirst that can only be quenched by the living water offered by Jesus (<a href="/john/4-10.htm">John 4:10-14</a>). The Egyptians' reliance on the Nile contrasts with the believer's reliance on God for sustenance and life. This event also foreshadows the eschatological judgments in Revelation, where waters are again turned to blood (<a href="/revelation/16-4.htm">Revelation 16:4-6</a>), underscoring the theme of divine retribution and the ultimate triumph of God's justice.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/g/god.htm">God (Yahweh)</a></b><br>The central figure in this verse, demonstrating His power and judgment over Egypt.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The nation that experienced God's plagues, including the turning of rivers to blood, as a judgment for enslaving the Israelites.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/m/moses_and_aaron.htm">Moses and Aaron</a></b><br>Though not directly mentioned in this verse, they were God's chosen leaders to confront Pharaoh and lead the Israelites out of Egypt.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a></b><br>The ruler of Egypt who hardened his heart against God’s commands, leading to the plagues.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_plagues_of_egypt.htm">The Plagues of Egypt</a></b><br>A series of divine judgments, including the turning of water to blood, intended to compel Pharaoh to release the Israelites.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_and_power.htm">God's Sovereignty and Power</a></b><br>God demonstrates His supreme authority over nature and nations. Believers can trust in His power to intervene in human history.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/j/judgment_and_mercy.htm">Judgment and Mercy</a></b><br>The plagues serve as a reminder of God's judgment against sin but also His mercy in providing a way of escape for His people. Reflect on God's justice and His offer of salvation through Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_hardness_of_heart.htm">The Hardness of Heart</a></b><br>Pharaoh's refusal to heed God's warnings illustrates the danger of a hardened heart. Believers should remain open and responsive to God's voice.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/d/deliverance_and_redemption.htm">Deliverance and Redemption</a></b><br>The plagues were part of God's plan to deliver Israel from bondage. This foreshadows the ultimate deliverance from sin through Jesus Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience.htm">The Importance of Obedience</a></b><br>Moses and Aaron's obedience in delivering God's message to Pharaoh highlights the importance of following God's commands, even in difficult circumstances.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_psalm_78.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Psalm 78</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_does_psalm_78_stress_unverified_miracles.htm">Why does Psalm 78 emphasize miracles that lack corroboration in external historical records, such as water flowing from rocks?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_could_rev_8_8's_event_lack_evidence.htm">In Revelation 8:8, how could a burning mountain be thrown into the sea and turn it to blood without any known historical or archaeological evidence? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_are_seas_rivers_literally_praising_god.htm">Psalm 98:7-8 depicts seas and rivers praising God. How are we to accept these as literal events rather than poetic symbolism?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_jonathan's_covenant_with_david_inconsistent.htm">Does the nature of Jonathan's covenant with David in 1 Samuel 20:16 present any inconsistencies with later depictions of Israelite covenants?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/78.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 44.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">And had turned their rivers into blood</span> (see <a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">Exodus 7:19, 20</a>). "Their rivers" are the many branches of the Nile, some natural, some artificial (Herod., 2:17), by which Lower Egypt is traversed. <span class="cmt_word">And their floods;</span> or, <span class="accented">their streams; i.e.</span> the smaller canals, which diffused the Nile water over the entire land. <span class="cmt_word">That they could not drink</span> (see <a href="/exodus/7-21.htm">Exodus 7:21</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/psalms/78-44.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">He turned</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיַּהֲפֹ֣ךְ</span> <span class="translit">(way·ya·hă·p̄ōḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2015.htm">Strong's 2015: </a> </span><span class="str2">To turn about, over, to change, overturn, return, pervert</span><br /><br /><span class="word">their rivers</span><br /><span class="heb">יְאֹרֵיהֶ֑ם</span> <span class="translit">(yə·’ō·rê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2975.htm">Strong's 2975: </a> </span><span class="str2">Nile -- a channel, a fosse, canal, shaft, the Nile, the Tigris</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to blood,</span><br /><span class="heb">לְ֭דָם</span> <span class="translit">(lə·ḏām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1818.htm">Strong's 1818: </a> </span><span class="str2">Blood, of man, an animal, the juice of the grape, bloodshed</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and from their streams</span><br /><span class="heb">וְ֝נֹזְלֵיהֶ֗ם</span> <span class="translit">(wə·nō·zə·lê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5140.htm">Strong's 5140: </a> </span><span class="str2">To flow, trickle, drop, distill</span><br /><br /><span class="word">they could not</span><br /><span class="heb">בַּל־</span> <span class="translit">(bal-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1077.htm">Strong's 1077: </a> </span><span class="str2">A failure, nothing, not at all, lest</span><br /><br /><span class="word">drink.</span><br /><span class="heb">יִשְׁתָּיֽוּן׃</span> <span class="translit">(yiš·tā·yūn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural | Paragogic nun<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8354.htm">Strong's 8354: </a> </span><span class="str2">To imbibe</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/psalms/78-44.htm">Psalm 78:44 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/psalms/78-44.htm">OT Poetry: Psalm 78:44 He turned their rivers into blood (Psalm Ps Psa.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/psalms/78-43.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Psalm 78:43"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Psalm 78:43" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/psalms/78-45.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Psalm 78:45"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Psalm 78:45" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>