CINXE.COM

Sludge

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <title>Sludge</title> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://readsludge.com/assets/css/app.css?v=aff3d9e6a1" as="style" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://readsludge.com/assets/css/home.css?v=aff3d9e6a1" as="style" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://readsludge.com/assets/css/app.css?v=aff3d9e6a1" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://readsludge.com/assets/css/home.css?v=aff3d9e6a1" media="screen" /> <meta name="description" content="Investigative journalism on money in politics"> <link rel="icon" href="https://readsludge.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2024/11/Sludge-Logo-Playground.png" type="image/png"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://readsludge.com/"> <meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade"> <link rel="next" href="https://readsludge.com/page/2/"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Sludge"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:title" content="Sludge"> <meta property="og:description" content="Investigative journalism on money in politics"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://readsludge.com/"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://readsludge.com/content/images/2024/11/sludgedome-1.jpg"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/readsludge/"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Sludge"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Investigative journalism on money in politics"> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://readsludge.com/"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://readsludge.com/content/images/2024/11/sludgedome.jpg"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@Sludge"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="419"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Sludge", "url": "https://readsludge.com/", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://readsludge.com/content/images/2024/11/Sludge_new_logotype_text-1730645314160-1.png" } }, "url": "https://readsludge.com/", "name": "Sludge", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://readsludge.com/content/images/size/w1200/2024/11/steamdome-3.jpg", "width": 1200, "height": 913 }, "mainEntityOfPage": "https://readsludge.com/", "description": "Investigative journalism on money in politics" } </script> <meta name="generator" content="Ghost 5.116"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Sludge" href="https://readsludge.com/rss/"> <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/ghost/portal@~2.50/umd/portal.min.js" data-i18n="true" data-ghost="https://readsludge.com/" data-key="76f8aaa3e78026f68f8829f362" data-api="https://sludge.ghost.io/ghost/api/content/" data-locale="en" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><style id="gh-members-styles">.gh-post-upgrade-cta-content, .gh-post-upgrade-cta { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; text-align: center; width: 100%; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta-content { border-radius: 8px; padding: 40px 4vw; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta h2 { color: #ffffff; font-size: 28px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta p { margin: 20px 0 0; padding: 0; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta small { font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta a { color: #ffffff; cursor: pointer; font-weight: 500; box-shadow: none; text-decoration: underline; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta a:hover { color: #ffffff; opacity: 0.8; box-shadow: none; text-decoration: underline; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta a.gh-btn { display: block; background: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; margin: 28px 0 0; padding: 8px 18px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; } .gh-post-upgrade-cta a.gh-btn:hover { opacity: 0.92; }</style><script async src="https://js.stripe.com/v3/"></script> <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/ghost/sodo-search@~1.5/umd/sodo-search.min.js" data-key="76f8aaa3e78026f68f8829f362" data-styles="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/ghost/sodo-search@~1.5/umd/main.css" data-sodo-search="https://sludge.ghost.io/" data-locale="en" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link href="https://readsludge.com/webmentions/receive/" rel="webmention"> <script defer src="/public/cards.min.js?v=aff3d9e6a1"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/public/cards.min.css?v=aff3d9e6a1"> <script defer src="/public/comment-counts.min.js?v=aff3d9e6a1" data-ghost-comments-counts-api="https://readsludge.com/members/api/comments/counts/"></script> <script defer src="/public/member-attribution.min.js?v=aff3d9e6a1"></script><style>:root {--ghost-accent-color: #0509d3;}</style> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Oswald:wght@700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="https://cdn.usefathom.com/script.js" data-site="QWNFYHQD" defer></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-79V35NWWX4"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-79V35NWWX4'); </script> <style> /* font overrides */ .gh-topic-grid .gh-topic-name { border-bottom: 4px solid black; padding-bottom: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } h1, h2, h3 { font-family: "Oswald", Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; } nav { font-family: "Oswald", Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 16px; } /* DISABLED: changed link highlight color to match old Sludge .gh-content a { color: black; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: #2b56ff; text-decoration-thickness: 2px; transition: color 0.2s; } .gh-content a:hover { color: #2b56ff; } */ .wp-block-image span.credit { /* match figcaption */ display: block; text-align: center; color: var(--color-secondary-text); font-size: 1.3rem; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 1.6rem; } .wp-block-image figure, .wp-block-image img { width: 100% } </style> <!-- Start VWO Async SmartCode --> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com" /> <script type='text/javascript' id='vwoCode'> window._vwo_code || (function() { var account_id=991017, version=2.1, settings_tolerance=2000, hide_element='body', hide_element_style = 'opacity:0 !important;filter:alpha(opacity=0) !important;background:none !important;transition:none !important;', /* DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE */ f=false,w=window,d=document,v=d.querySelector('#vwoCode'),cK='_vwo_'+account_id+'_settings',cc={};try{var c=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('_vwo_'+account_id+'_config'));cc=c&&typeof c==='object'?c:{}}catch(e){}var stT=cc.stT==='session'?w.sessionStorage:w.localStorage;code={nonce:v&&v.nonce,use_existing_jquery:function(){return typeof use_existing_jquery!=='undefined'?use_existing_jquery:undefined},library_tolerance:function(){return typeof library_tolerance!=='undefined'?library_tolerance:undefined},settings_tolerance:function(){return cc.sT||settings_tolerance},hide_element_style:function(){return'{'+(cc.hES||hide_element_style)+'}'},hide_element:function(){if(performance.getEntriesByName('first-contentful-paint')[0]){return''}return typeof cc.hE==='string'?cc.hE:hide_element},getVersion:function(){return version},finish:function(e){if(!f){f=true;var t=d.getElementById('_vis_opt_path_hides');if(t)t.parentNode.removeChild(t);if(e)(new Image).src='https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/ee.gif?a='+account_id+e}},finished:function(){return f},addScript:function(e){var t=d.createElement('script');t.type='text/javascript';if(e.src){t.src=e.src}else{t.text=e.text}v&&t.setAttribute('nonce',v.nonce);d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(t)},load:function(e,t){var n=this.getSettings(),i=d.createElement('script'),r=this;t=t||{};if(n){i.textContent=n;d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(i);if(!w.VWO||VWO.caE){stT.removeItem(cK);r.load(e)}}else{var o=new XMLHttpRequest;o.open('GET',e,true);o.withCredentials=!t.dSC;o.responseType=t.responseType||'text';o.onload=function(){if(t.onloadCb){return t.onloadCb(o,e)}if(o.status===200||o.status===304){_vwo_code.addScript({text:o.responseText})}else{_vwo_code.finish('&e=loading_failure:'+e)}};o.onerror=function(){if(t.onerrorCb){return t.onerrorCb(e)}_vwo_code.finish('&e=loading_failure:'+e)};o.send()}},getSettings:function(){try{var e=stT.getItem(cK);if(!e){return}e=JSON.parse(e);if(Date.now()>e.e){stT.removeItem(cK);return}return e.s}catch(e){return}},init:function(){if(d.URL.indexOf('__vwo_disable__')>-1)return;var e=this.settings_tolerance();w._vwo_settings_timer=setTimeout(function(){_vwo_code.finish();stT.removeItem(cK)},e);var t;if(this.hide_element()!=='body'){t=d.createElement('style');var n=this.hide_element(),i=n?n+this.hide_element_style():'',r=d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];t.setAttribute('id','_vis_opt_path_hides');v&&t.setAttribute('nonce',v.nonce);t.setAttribute('type','text/css');if(t.styleSheet)t.styleSheet.cssText=i;else t.appendChild(d.createTextNode(i));r.appendChild(t)}else{t=d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];var i=d.createElement('div');i.style.cssText='z-index: 2147483647 !important;position: fixed !important;left: 0 !important;top: 0 !important;width: 100% !important;height: 100% !important;background: white !important;display: block !important;';i.setAttribute('id','_vis_opt_path_hides');i.classList.add('_vis_hide_layer');t.parentNode.insertBefore(i,t.nextSibling)}var o=window._vis_opt_url||d.URL,s='https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/j.php?a='+account_id+'&u='+encodeURIComponent(o)+'&vn='+version;if(w.location.search.indexOf('_vwo_xhr')!==-1){this.addScript({src:s})}else{this.load(s+'&x=true')}}};w._vwo_code=code;code.init();})(); </script> <!-- End VWO Async SmartCode --> <style> :root { --accent: var(--ghost-accent-color); } </style> <style> :root { --header-foreground-color: #15171A; } </style> <style> :root { --header-background-color: #ffffff; --header-translucent-color: #ffffff80; } </style> <style> :root { --header-style: fixed; } </style> <style> /* These font-faces are defined here to make fonts work in case the Ghost instance is installed within a subdirectory */ /** * @license * * Font Family: Clash Display * Designed by: Indian Type Foundry * URL: https://www.fontshare.com/fonts/clash-display * © 2022 Indian Type Foundry * */ @font-face { font-family: 'ClashDisplay-Variable'; src: url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/clash-display/ClashDisplay-Variable.woff2?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff2'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/clash-display/ClashDisplay-Variable.woff?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/clash-display/ClashDisplay-Variable.ttf?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('truetype'); font-weight: 200 700; font-display: swap; font-style: normal; } /** * @license * * Font Family: General Sans * Designed by: Frode Helland * URL: https://www.fontshare.com/fonts/general-sans * © 2022 Indian Type Foundry * */ @font-face { font-family: 'GeneralSans-Variable'; src: url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/general-sans/GeneralSans-Variable.woff2?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff2'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/general-sans/GeneralSans-Variable.woff?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/general-sans/GeneralSans-Variable.ttf?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('truetype'); font-weight: 200 700; font-display: swap; font-style: normal; } /** * @license * * Font Family: Literata * Designed by: TypeTogether * URL: https://www.fontshare.com/fonts/literata * © 2022 Indian Type Foundry * */ @font-face { font-family: 'Literata-Variable'; src: url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/literata/Literata-Variable.woff2?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff2'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/literata/Literata-Variable.woff?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('woff'), url("https://readsludge.com/assets/fonts/literata/Literata-Variable.ttf?v=aff3d9e6a1") format('truetype'); font-weight: 200 700; font-display: swap; font-style: normal; } </style> <style> :root { --title-font: 'Literata-Variable'; --headings-weight: 600; } </style> <style> :root { --body-font: 'Literata-Variable'; } </style> <script> if (typeof Storage !== 'undefined') { const savedThemeMode = localStorage.getItem('bold-theme-mode') const html = document.querySelector('html') if (savedThemeMode && savedThemeMode !== 'system') { html.setAttribute('theme-mode', savedThemeMode) } else { const isSystemDark = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches const themeMode = isSystemDark ? 'dark' : 'light' html.setAttribute('theme-mode', themeMode) } } </script> </head> <body class="home-template"> <header class="bo-header js-header" :class="{'open': isMobileMenuOpen()}" x-data="header(true)" @home-header-enter.window="setHeaderCustomColor" @home-header-leave.window="clearHeaderCustomColor" > <div class="bo-mobile-bar" :class="{'open': isMobileMenuOpen()}"> <button class="bo-mobile-bar__menu no-appearance focusable" :class="{'open': isMobileMenuOpen()}" @click.stop="toggleMobileMenu" > <span class="bo-mobile-bar__menu__content"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </span> <span class="sr-only">Open menu</span> </button> <a href="https://readsludge.com" title="Sludge" class="bo-logo focusable" > <img src="https://readsludge.com/content/images/2024/11/Sludge_new_logotype_text-1730645314160-1.png" alt="" width="100" height="24" > </a> <button class="bo-mobile-bar__search no-appearance focusable" data-ghost-search> <svg width="24" height="24" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#search" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> </div> <div class="bo-mobile-menu" :class="{'open': isMobileMenuOpen()}" @click.outside="closeMobileMenu" > <div class="bo-mobile-menu__nav"> <nav aria-label="Main navigation"> <ul> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="bo-mobile-menu__nav secondary"> <nav aria-label="Secondary navigation"> <ul> <li class="nav-about-sludge"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/about/" class="focusable"> About Sludge </a> </li> <li class="nav-donate"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/tip-jar/" class="focusable"> Donate </a> </li> <li class="nav-subscribe"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/membership/" class="focusable"> Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="bo-mobile-menu__social"> <ul class="bo-social-list in-header"> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/Sludge" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#x" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/readsludge/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#facebook" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Facebook</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="bo-mobile-menu__actions "> <div class="bo-theme-switcher"> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'system'}" @click="setThemeMode('system')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#monitor" /> </svg> <span>Auto</span> </button> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'light'}" @click="setThemeMode('light')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#sun" /> </svg> <span>Light</span> </button> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'dark'}" @click="setThemeMode('dark')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#moon" /> </svg> <span>Dark</span> </button> </div> <div class="bo-mobile-menu__actions__avatar"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/signin" class="bo-button full-width small" > Sign in </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bo-desktop-bar"> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__wrapper"> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__main"> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__main__logo-container"> <a href="https://readsludge.com" title="Sludge" class="bo-logo focusable" > <img src="https://readsludge.com/content/images/2024/11/Sludge_new_logotype_text-1730645314160-1.png" alt="" width="100" height="24" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__main__container"> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__main__nav-container"> <nav class="bo-desktop-bar__main__nav" aria-label="Main navigation"> <ul> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__main__more-container"> <button class="bo-desktop-bar__main__more no-appearance focusable" @click.stop="toggleSubmenu" > <span class="bo-desktop-bar__main__more__content"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </span> <span class="sr-only">More</span> </button> <div class="bo-submenu" :class="{'open': isSubmenuOpen()}" @click.outside="closeSubmenu" > <div class="bo-submenu__nav"> <nav aria-label="Secondary navigation"> <ul> <li class="nav-about-sludge"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/about/" class="focusable"> About Sludge </a> </li> <li class="nav-donate"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/tip-jar/" class="focusable"> Donate </a> </li> <li class="nav-subscribe"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/membership/" class="focusable"> Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="bo-submenu__actions"> <div class="bo-theme-switcher"> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'system'}" @click="setThemeMode('system')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#monitor" /> </svg> <span>Auto</span> </button> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'light'}" @click="setThemeMode('light')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#sun" /> </svg> <span>Light</span> </button> <button class="no-appearance focusable" :class="{active: savedThemeMode === 'dark'}" @click="setThemeMode('dark')" > <svg width="18" height="18" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#moon" /> </svg> <span>Dark</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__secondary"> <ul class="bo-social-list in-header"> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/Sludge" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#x" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/readsludge/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#facebook" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Facebook</span> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="bo-desktop-bar__secondary__actions"> <button class="bo-desktop-bar__secondary__search no-appearance focusable" data-ghost-search> <svg width="24" height="24" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#search" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> <a href="https://readsludge.com/signin" class="bo-button full-width small" > Sign in </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <script> function header(isHome) { return { showMobileMenu: false, showSubmenu: false, savedThemeMode: 'system', customForegroundColor: '', customBackgroundColor: '', customTranslucentColor: '', isHomeHeaderVisible: isHome, init() { this.initThemeMode() this.setHeaderColors() }, toggleMobileMenu() { this.showMobileMenu = !this.showMobileMenu }, toggleSubmenu() { this.showSubmenu = !this.showSubmenu }, closeMobileMenu() { this.showMobileMenu = false }, closeSubmenu() { this.showSubmenu = false }, isMobileMenuOpen() { return this.showMobileMenu === true }, isSubmenuOpen() { return this.showSubmenu === true }, initThemeMode() { this.savedThemeMode = this.getThemeMode() this.setThemeMode(this.savedThemeMode) if (window.matchMedia) { window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)') .addEventListener('change', this.updateSystemTheme.bind(this)) } }, updateSystemTheme() { if (this.savedThemeMode !== 'system') { return } if (this.isSystemDark()) { this.setThemeMode('dark', false) } else { this.setThemeMode('light', false) } }, isSystemDark() { return window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches }, setThemeMode(mode, saveTheme = true) { const html = document.querySelector('html') html.setAttribute('theme-mode', mode) if (saveTheme) { this.savedThemeMode = mode if (mode === 'system') { this.updateSystemTheme() } localStorage.setItem('bold-theme-mode', mode) } this.rerenderGhostIframes() if (!this.isHomeHeaderVisible) { this.clearHeaderCustomColor() } }, getThemeMode() { const localValue = localStorage.getItem('bold-theme-mode') if (!localValue) { return 'system' } return localValue }, rerenderGhostIframes() { const comments = document.querySelector('.js-comments > div > iframe') if (comments) { comments.contentDocument.location.reload(true) } }, setHeaderColors() { this.customForegroundColor = this.getPropertyValue('--header-foreground-color') this.customBackgroundColor = this.getPropertyValue('--header-background-color') this.customTranslucentColor = this.getPropertyValue('--header-translucent-color') }, setHeaderCustomColor() { this.isHomeHeaderVisible = true this.setPropertyValue('--header-foreground-color', this.customForegroundColor) this.setPropertyValue('--header-background-color', this.customBackgroundColor) this.setPropertyValue('--header-translucent-color', this.customTranslucentColor) }, clearHeaderCustomColor() { this.isHomeHeaderVisible = false this.setPropertyValue('--header-foreground-color', this.getPropertyValue('--foreground')) this.setPropertyValue('--header-background-color', this.getPropertyValue('--background')) this.setPropertyValue('--header-translucent-color', this.getPropertyValue('--translucent')) }, getPropertyValue(property) { const value = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue(property) return value ? value : '' }, setPropertyValue(property, value) { if (!value) { return } document.documentElement.style.setProperty(property, value) } } } </script> <div class="bo-main-container"> <main> <section class=" bo-home-header large-background " x-data="homeHeader()" x-intersect:enter="homeHeaderEntered" x-intersect:leave="homeHeaderLeaved" > <div class="bo-home-header__content"> <div class="bo-home-header__content_wrapper"> <div class="bo-home-header__content_text"> <h1 class="bo-home-header__title"> Follow the Money. </h1> <p class="bo-home-header__description"> Sludge is your guide to uncovering the hidden forces shaping politics—delivered to your inbox every day. </p> </div> <form id="newsletter-form" data-members-form="subscribe" class="bo-home-header__newsletter" > <div class="bo-home-newsletter__normal"> <div class="bo-home-header__content_cta in-form"> <label for="newsletter-email-input" class="sr-only"> Enter your email address </label> <input id="newsletter-email-input" data-members-email type="email" required placeholder="Enter your email address" class="bo-home-header__cta__input in-form" > <button id="newsletter-button" type="submit" class="bo-button bo-home-header__cta__button submit" > <span> Subscribe </span> </button> </div> <div class="bo-home-newsletter__error"> <p class="bo-auth__error in-home"> Oops! There was an error sending the email, please try again later. </p> </div> </div> <div class="bo-home-newsletter__success"> <p class="bo-auth__success in-home"> Awesome! Now check your inbox and click the link to confirm your subscription. </p> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="bo-home-header__image "> <img data-src="/content/images/size/w1200/2024/11/steamdome-3.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2024/11/steamdome-3.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2024/11/steamdome-3.jpg 1200w, /content/images/size/w2000/2024/11/steamdome-3.jpg 2000w " sizes=" (max-width: 48rem) 45rem, (max-width: 64rem) 75rem, 93.75rem " width="860" height="1120" class="lazy" alt="" > </div> </section> <script> function homeHeader() { return { handleContentCtaClick() { this.$refs.homeHeaderCta.click() }, homeHeaderEntered() { this.$dispatch('home-header-enter') }, homeHeaderLeaved() { this.$dispatch('home-header-leave') } } } </script> <div class="bo-wrapper"> <section class="bo-generic-wrapper "> <div class="bo-generic-hero in-home"> <div class="bo-generic-hero__main"> <div class="bo-generic-header"> <h2 class="bo-generic-header__title"> Latest posts </h2> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="bo-posts-container "> <div class="bo-posts-container__wrapper"> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-health tag-jim-oneill tag-hhs tag-peter-thiel tag-trump-administration tag-pharma tag-pharmaceutical-industry tag-fda paid first " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/09/peter-thiel-ally-in-line-to-oversee-drug-de-regulation/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-08-at-4.22.46-PM.png" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-08-at-4.22.46-PM.png 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/Screenshot-2025-04-08-at-4.22.46-PM.png 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/09/peter-thiel-ally-in-line-to-oversee-drug-de-regulation/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Peter Thiel Ally in Line to Oversee Drug (De-)Regulation</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">Jim O’Neill, Trump’s pick to be deputy secretary of HHS, criticized the FDA&#x27;s drug approval process as overly cautious while directing a Thiel-founded VC firm that invests in biotech companies.</p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 08 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 4 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/david/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/David_Moore_headshot_download.jpeg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">David Moore</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-stocks paid " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/07/mtg-bought-treasuries-ahead-of-market-crash/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene_-52252140379-.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene_-52252140379-.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene_-52252140379-.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/07/mtg-bought-treasuries-ahead-of-market-crash/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>MTG Bought Treasuries Ahead of Market Crash</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">The Georgia Republican has been promoting Trump&#x27;s tariffs on X. </p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 07 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 2 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/donaldshaw/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/FOk2FhdXwAYpvds.jpg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">Donald Shaw</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-democracy tag-elections tag-house-republicans tag-trump-administration tag-voting-rights tag-save-act tag-brennan-center members " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/04/republicans-push-save-act-vote-potentially-disenfranchising-millions/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Johnson_54349516948_a5c2d4542a_k.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Johnson_54349516948_a5c2d4542a_k.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/Johnson_54349516948_a5c2d4542a_k.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/04/republicans-push-save-act-vote-potentially-disenfranchising-millions/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Republicans Push SAVE Act Vote, Potentially Disenfranchising Millions</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">The bill is being applauded by the Heritage Foundation and “dark money”-funded groups tied to Leonard Leo.</p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 04 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 5 min read </span> <span class="members">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container members"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility members">Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/david/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/David_Moore_headshot_download.jpeg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">David Moore</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-elon-musk tag-spacex tag-department-of-defense paid " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/03/spacex-poised-for-massive-profit-from-pentagon-rocket-initiative/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/53346302057_50f144732f_k.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/53346302057_50f144732f_k.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/53346302057_50f144732f_k.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/03/spacex-poised-for-massive-profit-from-pentagon-rocket-initiative/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>SpaceX Poised for Massive Profit From Pentagon Rocket Initiative</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">The Pentagon announced next steps in a program that could see SpaceX Starships being used to transport cargo and troops around the globe. </p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 03 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 2 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/donaldshaw/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/FOk2FhdXwAYpvds.jpg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">Donald Shaw</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-lobbying tag-trump-administration tag-ballard-partners tag-miller-strategies tag-business-roundtable tag-ceos tag-continental-strategy tag-mercury-public-affairs tag-cgcn-group tag-influence tag-donald-trump tag-susie-wiles tag-pam-bondi paid " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/02/trump-tied-lobbying-firms-rake-in-hundreds-of-new-clients/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Trump_GettyImages-2207381651.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Trump_GettyImages-2207381651.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/Trump_GettyImages-2207381651.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/02/trump-tied-lobbying-firms-rake-in-hundreds-of-new-clients/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Trump-Tied Lobbying Firms Rake in Hundreds of New Clients</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">Since the 2024 election, firms founded by Trump campaign bundlers, like Ballard Partners and Miller Strategies, are seeing a rush of new corporate clients.</p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 02 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 6 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/david/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/David_Moore_headshot_download.jpeg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">David Moore</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-susie-wiles tag-ballard-partners tag-pebble-mine tag-northern-dynasty-minerals members " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/04/02/former-wiles-client-boosted-by-mining-eo/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Sockeye-18.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/04/Sockeye-18.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/04/Sockeye-18.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/04/02/former-wiles-client-boosted-by-mining-eo/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Former Wiles Client Boosted by Mining EO</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">The parent company of the Pebble Mine, which Susie Wiles recruited as a Ballard Partner client, saw its stock price jump after Trump signed an order to speed up mineral mining project approvals. </p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 01 Apr 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 2 min read </span> <span class="members">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container members"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility members">Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/donaldshaw/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/FOk2FhdXwAYpvds.jpg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">Donald Shaw</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-crypto tag-congress tag-florida tag-fairshake tag-defend-american-jobs tag-randy-fine tag-josh-weil tag-jimmy-patronis tag-gay-valimont tag-fl-06 tag-fl-01 tag-cryptocurrency tag-house-republicans paid " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/03/31/crypto-industry-spends-millions-to-hold-gop-house-seats/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/03/Randy_Fine_Defend_American_Jobs.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/03/Randy_Fine_Defend_American_Jobs.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/03/Randy_Fine_Defend_American_Jobs.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/03/31/crypto-industry-spends-millions-to-hold-gop-house-seats/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Crypto Industry Spends Millions to Hold GOP House Seats</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">In a closer-than-expected Florida special election, a top crypto industry super PAC is shelling out for Republican Randy Fine, who has been out-raised by Democrat Josh Weil.</p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 31 Mar 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 4 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/david/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/David_Moore_headshot_download.jpeg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">David Moore</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-donald-trump tag-securities-and-exchange-commission tag-consumer-financial-protection-bureau members " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/03/28/trump-has-already-let-100-companies-off-the-hook-2/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/03/54361336142_a8e2fe3217_k.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/03/54361336142_a8e2fe3217_k.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/03/54361336142_a8e2fe3217_k.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/03/28/trump-has-already-let-100-companies-off-the-hook-2/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Trump Has Already Let 100 Companies Off the Hook</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">Wacthdogs worry the dropped enforcement actions will encourage more corporate abuse. </p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 28 Mar 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 2 min read </span> <span class="members">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container members"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility members">Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/donaldshaw/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/FOk2FhdXwAYpvds.jpg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">Donald Shaw</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-trump-administration tag-tesla tag-elon-musk tag-automakers tag-lobbying tag-akin-gump tag-alliance-for-automotive-innovation tag-tariffs tag-gm tag-ford tag-taxes paid " > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/03/27/tesla-gets-a-recharge-from-trumps-auto-tariffs/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/03/Musk_Trump_Oval_Office_CSPAN-1.png" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/03/Musk_Trump_Oval_Office_CSPAN-1.png 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/03/Musk_Trump_Oval_Office_CSPAN-1.png 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/03/27/tesla-gets-a-recharge-from-trumps-auto-tariffs/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Tesla Gets a Recharge From Trump’s Auto Tariffs</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">Auto industry analysts say Tesla, which is losing market share in EVs, stands to win from Trump&#x27;s 25% tariff plan on foreign-made cars.</p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 27 Mar 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 4 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/david/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/David_Moore_headshot_download.jpeg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">David Moore</span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="bo-post-card post tag-climate tag-exxonmobil tag-wells-griffith tag-chris-wright tag-fti-consulting tag-dci-group paid last" > <div class="bo-post-card__image"> <a href="/2025/03/26/exxon-consultant-revolves-back-to-doe/" class="bo-post-card__image__link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w720/2025/03/2025-03-26_16-43-19.jpg" data-srcset=" /content/images/size/w720/2025/03/2025-03-26_16-43-19.jpg 720w, /content/images/size/w1200/2025/03/2025-03-26_16-43-19.jpg 1200w, " sizes=" (min-width: 90rem) 75rem, calc(100vw - 1rem) " alt="" class="bo-post-card__image__img lazy" width="700" height="420" > </a> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content"> <div class="bo-post-card__content__main"> <a href="/2025/03/26/exxon-consultant-revolves-back-to-doe/" class="bo-post-card__title"> <h2>Exxon Consultant Revolves Back to DOE</h2> </a> <p class="bo-post-card__excerpt">Preston Wells Griffith is spinning through the revolving door again, back to the federal government after working for FTI Consulting on its energy portfolio. </p> </div> <div class="bo-post-card__content__meta"> <time class="bo-post-card__date"> 26 Mar 2025 </time> <span>•</span> <span> 4 min read </span> <span class="paid">•</span> <div class="bo-post-card__visibility-container paid"> <svg width="16" height="16" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#lock" /> </svg> <span class="bo-post-card__visibility paid">Paid Members</span> </div> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/author/donaldshaw/" class="bo-post-card__author bo-author"> <div class="bo-post-card__author__avatar"> <img data-src="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/avatar.jpg?v=aff3d9e6a1" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__default lazy" width="32" height="32" > <img data-src="/content/images/size/w100/2023/08/FOk2FhdXwAYpvds.jpg" alt="" class="bo-post-card__author__avatar__gravatar lazy" width="32" height="32" > </div> <span class="bo-post-card__author__label">Donald Shaw</span> </a> </div> </article> </div> <nav class="bo-pagination " aria-label="Pagination" > <a href="" class="bo-pagination__button prev focusable disabled" tabindex="-1" > <svg width="24" height="24" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#arrow-left" /> </svg> <span>Previous</span> </a> <span class="bo-pagination__label"> Page 1 of 107 </span> <a href="/page/2/" class="bo-pagination__button next focusable " tabindex="0" > <svg width="24" height="24" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#arrow-right" /> </svg> <span>Next</span> </a> </nav> </section> </div> <section class="bo-newsletter"> <div class="bo-newsletter__content"> <div class="bo-newsletter__content_text"> <h2 class="bo-newsletter__title"> Subscribe to the newsletter </h2> <p class="bo-newsletter__description"> Subscribe to the newsletter for the latest news and work updates straight to your inbox, every week. </p> </div> <a href="https://readsludge.com/newsletter" class="bo-button min-width" > Subscribe </a> </div> </section> </main> </div> <footer class="bo-footer"> <div class="bo-wrapper"> <div class="bo-footer__container"> <div class="bo-footer-main"> <div class="bo-footer-main__nav"> <nav class="bo-footer-main__nav__primary"> <ul> </ul> </nav> <nav class="bo-footer-main__nav__secondary"> <ul> <li class="nav-about-sludge"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/about/" class="focusable"> About Sludge </a> </li> <li class="nav-donate"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/tip-jar/" class="focusable"> Donate </a> </li> <li class="nav-subscribe"> <a href="https://readsludge.com/membership/" class="focusable"> Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="bo-footer-main__search"> <button class="no-appearance focusable" data-ghost-search> <svg width="24" height="24" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#search" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Search</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="bo-footer-secondary"> <div class="bo-footer-secondary__social"> <ul class="bo-social-list "> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/Sludge" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#x" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/readsludge/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#facebook" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://readsludge.com/rss" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="focusable"> <svg width="20" height="20" class="bo-icon" > <use href="https://readsludge.com/assets/images/icons.svg?v=aff3d9e6a1#rss" /> </svg> <span class="sr-only">RSS</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <p class="bo-footer-secondary__note"> Sludge &copy; 2025. Powered by <a href="https://ghost.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ghost</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://readsludge.com/assets/js/manifest.js?v=aff3d9e6a1" defer></script> <script src="https://readsludge.com/assets/js/vendor.js?v=aff3d9e6a1" defer></script> <script src="https://readsludge.com/assets/js/app.js?v=aff3d9e6a1" defer></script> <script> const OutpostPub = { apiDomain: "https://readsludgecom.outpost.pub", apiKey: "2a4c60fa-9923-47c9-a187-79ea6877d387", siteName: "Sludge", memberId: "", memberEmail: "", } </script> <script defer src="https://assets.outpostpublishingcoop.com/assets/v2/js/outpost-pub.js"></script> <script> !function(w,d,id,ns,s){var c=w[ns]=w[ns]||{};if(c.ready||(c.q=[],c.ready=function(){c.q.push(arguments)}),!d.getElementById(id)){var e=d.createElement(s);e.id=id,e.defer=true,e.src="https://assets.context.ly/kit/6.latest/loader.js";var h=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];h.parentNode.insertBefore(e,h)}}(window,document,"ctx-loader","Contextly","script"); </script> <script> Contextly.ready('widgets'); </script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10