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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Herat+%28stad%29" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Herat+%28stad%29" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Herat+%28stad%29" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bevolking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bevolking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bevolking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bevolking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stadsbeeld" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stadsbeeld"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Stadsbeeld</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stadsbeeld-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kunst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kunst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bekende_inwoners_van_Herat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bekende_inwoners_van_Herat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bekende inwoners van Herat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bekende_inwoners_van_Herat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Bekende inwoners van Herat-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bekende_inwoners_van_Herat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geboren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geboren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Geboren</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geboren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overleden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overleden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Overleden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overleden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Woonachtig_(geweest)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Woonachtig_(geweest)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Woonachtig (geweest)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Woonachtig_(geweest)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referenties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Herat (stad)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 89 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="هراة – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هراة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87" title="هراه – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هراه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat_(ciud%C3%A1)" title="Herat (ciudá) – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Herat (ciudá)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هرات – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هرات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Герат (горад) – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Герат (горад)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Герат – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Герат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Херат – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Херат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat_(kuta)" title="Herat (kuta) – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Herat (kuta)" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="হেরাত – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হেরাত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C4%81t_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Herāt (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Herāt (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ھەرات – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەرات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%A1t" title="Herát – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Herát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Херат – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Херат" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84" title="Χεράτ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χεράτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herato" title="Herato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Herato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C4%81t" title="Herāt – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Herāt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C4%81t" title="Herāt – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Herāt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هرات – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هرات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9rat" title="Hérat – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hérat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%AA" title="הראת – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הראת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4" title="हेरात – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेरात" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%A1t" title="Herát – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Herát" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Հերաթ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հերաթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Հերաթ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հերաթ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat_(kota)" title="Herat (kota) – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Herat (kota)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="ヘラート – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘラート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ჰერათი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰერათი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%9D%BC%ED%8A%B8" title="헤라트 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤라트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat,_Efxanistan" title="Herat, Efxanistan – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Herat, Efxanistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Герат – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Герат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heratas" title="Heratas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Heratas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C4%81ta" title="Herāta – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Herāta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹെറാത്ത് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹെറാത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Херат – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Херат" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4" title="हेरात – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेरात" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هرات – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هرات" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4" title="हेरात – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हेरात" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Герат – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Герат" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4" title="ਹੇਰਾਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੇਰਾਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ہرات – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہرات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هرات – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هرات" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herate" title="Herate – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Herate" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Герат – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Герат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B" title="ᱦᱮᱨᱟᱛ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱮᱨᱟᱛ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ھرات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھرات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraat" title="Haraat – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Haraat" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Херат – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Херат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹெறாத் நகரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹெறாத் நகரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Ҳирот – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳирот" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95" title="เฮราต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฮราต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Һәрат – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һәрат" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ھېرات – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھېرات" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Герат – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Герат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ہرات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہرات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirot" title="Hirot – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hirot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat" title="Herat – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Herat" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="赫拉特 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="赫拉特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="赫拉特 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="赫拉特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="赫拉特 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="赫拉特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> 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typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coördinaten"><img alt="Coördinaten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/23px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/35px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/46px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=34_20_30.998_N_62_12_11.002_E_type:city_scale:100000_region:AF&pagename=Herat_(stad)">34° 21′ NB, 62° 12′ OL</a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <caption class="notheme" style="font-size:large; margin-bottom:0.5em;"><b>Herat</b><br />هرات </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Plaats in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Afghanistan"><img alt="Vlag van Afghanistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white; color:inherit; padding:0;" class="center" colspan="2"><div style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width: 266px; max-width: 266px; float:none; clear:both;"><div style="position: relative;border: 1px solid none; padding: 0px; width: 266px; max-width: 266px;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Afghanistan_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Herat (Afghanistan)"><img alt="Herat (Afghanistan)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afghanistan_location_map.svg/266px-Afghanistan_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="266" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afghanistan_location_map.svg/399px-Afghanistan_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Afghanistan_location_map.svg/532px-Afghanistan_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1807" data-file-height="1331" /></a></span><br /><div style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: 45.5%; left: 14.4%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 8px; font-size: 8px; line-height:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Herat"><img alt="Herat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%; position: relative; top: -1.5em; width: 6em; top:-2.65em; left:-3em; text-align: center;"><span style="padding: 1px;"></span></div></div></div><div style="font-size: 90%"> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Situering </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Provincies_van_Afghanistan" title="Provincies van Afghanistan">Provincie</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Herat_(provincie)" title="Herat (provincie)">Herat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Geografische_co%C3%B6rdinaten" title="Geografische coördinaten">Coördinaten</a> </th> <td><span class="plainlinks"><span class="coordinates plainlinks"><span id="text_coordinates"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=34_020_0_N_62_012_0_E_type:city_scale:25000&pagename=Herat_(stad)">34° 20′ NB, 62° 12′ OL</a></span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <th>Inwoners <br /><small class="nowrap">(2017<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</small> </th> <td>506.900 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hoogte_(geografie)" title="Hoogte (geografie)">Hoogte</a> </th> <td>920 m </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Foto's </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" style="padding:0;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uitzicht op Herat (2009)"><img alt="Uitzicht op Herat (2009)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/270px-View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/405px-View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/540px-View_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1244" data-file-height="694" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2" style="font-size:85%">Uitzicht op Herat (2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" colspan="2"> <table style="border-collapse:collapse;" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Azi%C3%AB" title="Portaal:Azië">Azië</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/260px-Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/390px-Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg/520px-Section_of_Herat_in_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Uitzicht vanaf de citadel</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Herāt</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of <b>Harāt</b> (<a href="/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch">Perzisch</a> en <a href="/wiki/Pasjtoe" title="Pasjtoe">Pasjtoe</a>: هرات; <i>Herāt</i>) is de op een na grootste stad van <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het is de <a href="/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad">hoofdstad</a> van de gelijknamige <a href="/wiki/Herat_(provincie)" title="Herat (provincie)">provincie</a> en heeft ongeveer 506.900 inwoners. De stad ligt in het westen van het land op een kruispunt van historische handelsroutes in het dal van de <a href="/wiki/Hari_Rud" class="mw-redirect" title="Hari Rud">Hari Rud</a>. De bevolking bestaat hoofdzakelijk uit etnische <a href="/wiki/Tadzjieken" title="Tadzjieken">Tadzjieken</a> en is voor 86% <a href="/wiki/Soennisme" title="Soennisme">soennitisch</a> moslim. De stad is het economische en culturele centrum van West-Afghanistan en is gelegen in een van de vruchtbaarste, geïrrigeerde landbouwgebieden van het land. Er is belangrijke handel, onder meer in karakul-wol, industriële verwerking van landbouwproducten en traditionele leer- en metaalbewerking; daarnaast van oudsher vervaardiging van tapijten. In de omgeving is er winning van <a href="/wiki/Chroom_(element)" title="Chroom (element)">chroom</a>. De stad is een verkeersknooppunt en heeft een internationale luchthaven. </p><p>In en rond de stad bevinden zich vele resten uit de rijke historie van de stad, met name uit de 15de eeuw, waaronder de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citadel_van_Herat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citadel van Herat (de pagina bestaat niet)">oude citadel</a> met massieve vestingwerken, een <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum" title="Mausoleum">mausoleum</a>, twee <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrasa">madrasaʼs</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Vrijdagmoskee_van_Herat" title="Vrijdagmoskee van Herat">grote moskee</a> met rijk versierde gevel (1498).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevolking">Bevolking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bevolking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bevolking"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Herati's zijn grotendeels <a href="/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch">Perzischtalige</a> Tadzjieken en overwegend moslim waarvan het merendeel soennitisch is. Voor 1980 was er een <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joodse</a> gemeenschap die uit zo'n vijftig families bestond en die nadien naar Israël is verhuisd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De stad gaat waarschijnlijk terug op de stad <i>Artacoana</i> of <i>Aria</i>, die van voor 1000 jaar v.Chr. dateert en een van de eerste steden van de <a href="/wiki/Ari%C3%ABrs" title="Ariërs">Ariërs</a> was.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 22 november 2016 een bronvermelding gewenst. Motivering: informatie over die oude stad is niet in de gegeven bron te vinden.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> Liggend op oude handelsroutes, onder andere de <a href="/wiki/Zijderoute" title="Zijderoute">Zijderoute</a>, is de regio (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Oud-Perzisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oud-Perzisch (de pagina bestaat niet)">Oud-Perzisch</a>: <i>Haraiva</i>) van oudsher het centrum van het handelsverkeer naar <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centraal-Azi%C3%AB" title="Centraal-Azië">Centraal-Azië</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Rijk" title="Romeinse Rijk">Romeinse Rijk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-winklerprins.com_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winklerprins.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/330_v.Chr." title="330 v.Chr.">330 v.Chr.</a> werd het gebied ingenomen door <a href="/wiki/Alexander_de_Grote" title="Alexander de Grote">Alexander de Grote</a>. Hij liet er een citadel bouwen en stichtte daarmee de huidige stad, die aanvankelijk zijn naam droeg: <i>Alexandria Ariana</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 661 werd de stad veroverd door <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabische</a> <a href="/wiki/Moslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Moslims">moslims</a>, Zij introduceerden de <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a>, waarna Herat zich ontwikkelde tot een belangrijk centrum van het islamitisch geloof. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1038" title="1038">1038</a> werd de stad door de <a href="/wiki/Seltsjoeken" title="Seltsjoeken">Seltsjoeken</a> veroverd. In de 13e en 14e eeuw werd de stad tot tweemaal toe ingenomen en geplunderd, aanvankelijk door de Mongolen en later door de Turken onder <a href="/wiki/Timoer_Lenk" title="Timoer Lenk">Timoer Lenk</a>. De inname door de Mongoolse krijgsheer <a href="/wiki/Dzjengis_Khan" title="Dzjengis Khan">Dzjengis Khan</a> in <a href="/wiki/1221" title="1221">1221</a> zou de meeste inwoners het leven hebben gekost. De <a href="/wiki/Turken" title="Turken">Turkse</a> veroveraar Timoer Lenk verwoestte Herat in <a href="/wiki/1381" title="1381">1381</a>, maar zijn zoon <a href="/wiki/Shahrukh_Mirza" title="Shahrukh Mirza">Sjahroech</a> herbouwde de stad en maakte haar tot de bloeiende hoofdstad van het <a href="/wiki/Timoeriden" title="Timoeriden">Timoeridenrijk</a>, dat vooral <a href="/wiki/Perzische_Rijk" title="Perzische Rijk">Perzië</a> omvatte. </p><p>Onder de Timoeriden (15e eeuw) volgde de grootste bloeiperiode en ontwikkelde Herat zich tot centrum van kunst, cultuur en wetenschap.<sup id="cite_ref-winklerprins.com_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winklerprins.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Een aantal Timoeriden maakte het hof tot een centrum van artistiek en intellectueel leven, zoals <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bajsoengoer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bajsoengoer (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bajsoengoer</a> (1399–1433), een groot kunstminnaar en <a href="/wiki/Mecenas" title="Mecenas">mecenas</a>, die aan het hof van zijn vader Sjahroech te Herāt leefde, en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoessein_Bajkara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoessein Bajkara (de pagina bestaat niet)">Hoessein Bajkara</a> die van 1469 tot 1506 in Herāt regeerde. In zijn omgeving waren onder meer de dichter <a href="/wiki/Djami" class="mw-redirect" title="Djami">Djami</a> (1414–1492) en de historici <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirchwand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirchwand (de pagina bestaat niet)">Mirchwand</a> (1433–1498) en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chwandemir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chwandemir (de pagina bestaat niet)">Chwandemir</a> (ca. 1475 tot circa 1535) werkzaam. De raadsman van de sultan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sjir_Neva%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sjir Neva'i (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ali Sjir Neva'i</a> (1440/1441–1501), een machtig mecenas, was de eerst bekende dichter die in het Oost-Turks, het <a href="/wiki/Chagatai_(taal)" title="Chagatai (taal)">Tsjagataïsch</a>, schreef.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Afgezien van een kort <a href="/wiki/Oezbekistan" title="Oezbekistan">Oezbeeks</a> intermezzo vanaf 1507, bleef de stad tot 1747 bij Perzië horen. Later hebben de <a href="/wiki/Perzen" title="Perzen">Perzen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanen</a> gevochten over de beheersing van de stad en wisselden de machthebbers over de stad elkaar af, totdat door de Engelse bemoeienissen de stad in 1857 in handen van de Afghanen viel en permanent een gedeelte van Afghanistan werd.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In maart 1979 was Herat het toneel van een opstand, geleid door <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Khan" title="Ismail Khan">Ismail Khan</a> tegen het regime van <a href="/wiki/Nur_Muhammad_Taraki" title="Nur Muhammad Taraki">Nur Muhammad Taraki</a>. De inwoners van de stad kwamen in opstand tegen het regime, waarop het <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjetleger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjetleger (de pagina bestaat niet)">Sovjetleger</a> de opstand neersloeg, met meer dan 24.000 burgerdoden als gevolg. Het was de opmaat voor de <a href="/wiki/Afghaanse_Oorlog_(1979-1989)" title="Afghaanse Oorlog (1979-1989)">Sovjetinvasie in Afghanistan</a> later dat jaar.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ismail Khan werd in 1992, na de terugtrekking van de Sovjets, gouverneur van Herat. Hij hield zich onpartijdig in de burgeroorlog die vooral in <a href="/wiki/Kabul_(stad)" title="Kabul (stad)">Kabul</a> heerste. Toen Khan het gouverneurschap onder druk van de centrale Afghaanse regering in 2004 moest opgeven, braken er in Herat rellen uit. Begin augustus 2021 viel Herat in de handen van de <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stadsbeeld">Stadsbeeld</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Stadsbeeld" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Stadsbeeld"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 450px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 450px; height: 320px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="450" data-height="320" data-zoom="12" data-overlays="["_b7b855e0aae0f4bc6442ac7d11a6984f277e3255"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,450x320.png?lang=nl&domain=nl.wikipedia.org&title=Herat_%28stad%29&revid=67051926&groups=_b7b855e0aae0f4bc6442ac7d11a6984f277e3255" width="450" height="320" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,450x320@2x.png?lang=nl&domain=nl.wikipedia.org&title=Herat_%28stad%29&revid=67051926&groups=_b7b855e0aae0f4bc6442ac7d11a6984f277e3255 2x" alt="Kaart" /></a><div class="thumbcaption">Klik voor beeldvullende kaart; de markeringen zijn dan klikbaar</div></div></div> <p>De stad is met haar rijke historie een van de toeristische trekpleisters van Afghanistan. Van de bloei van de stad tijdens het bewind van de Timoeriden in de 15e eeuw getuigen onder meer de talloze minaretten en moskeeën.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De voornaamste moskee van Herāt is de <i>Masjid-i Jami</i> of <a href="/wiki/Vrijdagmoskee_van_Herat" title="Vrijdagmoskee van Herat">Vrijdagmoskee</a> die het oude gedeelte van de stad domineert. Vier blauwe <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaretten</a> versieren de wit met blauwe moskee, die uit 1200 dateert, maar sindsdien herhaaldelijk werd verwoest, herbouwd en gerestaureerd. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Friday_Mosque_in_Herat,_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vrijdagmoskee"><img alt="Vrijdagmoskee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg/180px-Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg/270px-Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg/360px-Friday_Mosque_in_Herat%2C_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="601" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Vrijdagmoskee</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Binnenplaats"><img alt="Binnenplaats" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg/180px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg/270px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg/360px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_courtyard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Binnenplaats</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iwan"><img alt="Iwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg/162px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg/242px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg/323px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_iwan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1710" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Iwan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Minaret"><img alt="Minaret" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg/180px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg/270px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg/360px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_minaret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="1470" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Minaret</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg/180px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg/270px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg/360px-Herat_Masjidi_Jami_N.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1410" data-file-height="1410" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kunst">Kunst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Kunst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Kunst"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Onder de <a href="/wiki/Timoeriden" title="Timoeriden">Timoeriden</a> (15de eeuw) kwam Herat tot bloei en werd de stad het centrum van de <a href="/wiki/Miniatuur_(schilderij)" title="Miniatuur (schilderij)">miniatuurkunst</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ondanks de verwoestingen die Timoer in <a href="/wiki/Perzische_Rijk" title="Perzische Rijk">Perzië</a> en de aangrenzende landen had aangericht, werd de periode waarin zijn nakomelingen regeerden een hoogtepunt in de Perzische kunstgeschiedenis (‘Timoeridische renaissance'). Timoer zelf reeds stimuleerde de bouwkunst met opdrachten voor imposante gebouwen in zijn geboorteplaats Kisj (thans: <a href="/wiki/Sjahrisabz" title="Sjahrisabz">Sjarh-i Sabz</a>) en in zijn residentie <a href="/wiki/Samarkand_(plaats)" title="Samarkand (plaats)">Samarkand</a>. Zijn bouwactiviteiten werden voortgezet door <a href="/wiki/Ulug_Bey" title="Ulug Bey">Ulug Bey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samarkand_(plaats)" title="Samarkand (plaats)">Samarkand</a>), <a href="/wiki/Shahrukh_Mirza" title="Shahrukh Mirza">Sjahroech</a> (Herat) en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sjir_Neva%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sjir Neva'i (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ali Sjir Neva'i</a>. De Timoeridische bouwstijl steunt op de traditie van de Perzische architectuur, met name de bouwschemaʼs van de <a href="/wiki/Seltsjoeken" title="Seltsjoeken">Seldjoeken</a>, en wordt gekenmerkt door een verfijnde <a href="/wiki/Faience_(aardewerk)" title="Faience (aardewerk)">faience</a>-versiering met toepassing van <a href="/wiki/Kalligrafie" title="Kalligrafie">kalligrafische</a> figuren en door hoge, vaak geribbelde koepels. Van de bewaard gebleven Timoeridische bouwwerken zijn vooral bekend het mausoleum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goer-i-mir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goer-i-mir (de pagina bestaat niet)">Goer-i-mir</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Necropool" class="mw-redirect" title="Necropool">necropool</a> <a href="/wiki/Shah-i-Zinda" title="Shah-i-Zinda">Sjah-i-Zinda</a> te Samarkand en de <a href="/wiki/Blauwe_moskee_van_Tabriz" title="Blauwe moskee van Tabriz">Blauwe Moskee</a> te <a href="/wiki/Tebriz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tebriz">Tebriz</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bajsoengoer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bajsoengoer (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bajsoengoer</a> stichtte te Herat een <a href="/wiki/Atelier" title="Atelier">atelier</a>, waar kalligrafen, miniatuurschilders en <a href="/wiki/Boekbinden" title="Boekbinden">boekbinders</a> samenwerkten bij de productie van kostbare <a href="/wiki/Boekverluchting" title="Boekverluchting">verluchte handschriften</a>, waaronder exemplaren van het <a href="/wiki/Sjahnama" title="Sjahnama">Sjahnama</a> van <a href="/wiki/Firdausi" class="mw-redirect" title="Firdausi">Firdausi</a>. Hier ontwikkelde zich een karakteristieke decoratieve stijl van schilderen, die zich onderscheidde van die in andere centra als <a href="/wiki/Shiraz_(Iran)" title="Shiraz (Iran)">Shiraz</a> en Tebriz. Tijdens de regering van Hoessein Bajkara werd de School van Herat beheerst door Perziës beroemdste schilder, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bihzad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bihzad (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bihzad</a> (circa 1450–1535/36), die zijn werk na de val van de Timoeriden voortzette aan het hof van de <a href="/wiki/Safawiden" class="mw-redirect" title="Safawiden">Safawiden</a> in Tebriz en aldus ook de schilderkunst van de 16de eeuw sterk heeft beïnvloed. De kalligrafie, die steeds een van de hoogst gewaardeerde kunstvormen is geweest in Perzië, werd geheel beheerst door het ta'lik-schrift, einde 14de eeuw ontworpen door <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mir_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mir Ali (de pagina bestaat niet)">Mir Ali</a> en in de Timoeridische tijd geperfectioneerd door een aantal meesters, o.a. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultan_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultan Ali (de pagina bestaat niet)">Sultan Ali</a> uit <a href="/wiki/Mesjhed" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesjhed">Mesjhed</a> (gest. ca. 1520).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Ewer_from_Herat,_Khorasan,_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg/96px-Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg/144px-Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg/192px-Ewer_from_Herat%2C_Khorasan%2C_dated_1180-1210_CE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="897" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:TimuridTankard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/TimuridTankard.jpg/177px-TimuridTankard.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/TimuridTankard.jpg/265px-TimuridTankard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/TimuridTankard.jpg/353px-TimuridTankard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1809" data-file-height="1843" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg/129px-Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg/194px-Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg/258px-Behzad_timur_egyptian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="8360" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg/124px-Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg/186px-Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg/248px-Persian_calligraphy_-_Mir_Ali_Tabrizi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bekende_inwoners_van_Herat">Bekende inwoners van Herat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bekende inwoners van Herat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bekende inwoners van Herat"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geboren">Geboren</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geboren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geboren"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_Ansari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah Ansari (de pagina bestaat niet)">Abdullah Ansari</a> (1006-1088), <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Perzisch</a> <a href="/wiki/Mysticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysticus">mysticus</a> en dichter met de schrijversnaam <i>Pīr-e Ansār</i> en <i>Pīr-e Herāt</i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sayf_Heravi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayf Heravi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Sayf Heravi</a> (1282-?), <i>Sayf b. Moḥammad Haravi</i>, auteur van <i>Tāriḵ-nāma-ye Herāt</i> ('Geschiedenis van Herat'), <a href="/wiki/Historicus" title="Historicus">historicus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kroniek" title="Kroniek">chroniqueur</a> van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kartiden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kartiden (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kartiden</a> dynastie (13e en 14e eeuw)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoessein_Bajkara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoessein Bajkara (de pagina bestaat niet)">Hoessein Bajkara</a> (1438-1506), Timoeridische sultan en een groot kunstminnaar en mecenas</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sjir_Neva%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sjir Neva'i (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ali Sjir Neva'i</a> (1440/1441–1501), dichter en een machtig Timoeridische mecenas</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bihzad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bihzad (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bihzad</a> (ca. 1450–1535 of 1536), <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Perzisch</a> schilder en de meester van Perzische <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miniatuurkunst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miniatuurkunst (de pagina bestaat niet)">miniatuurkunst</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, die zijn werk na de val van de Timoeriden voortzette aan het hof van de <a href="/wiki/Safawiden" class="mw-redirect" title="Safawiden">Safawiden</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tebriz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tebriz">Tebriz</a> en aldus ook de schilderkunst van de 16de eeuw sterk heeft beïnvloed.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_I_van_Perzi%C3%AB" title="Abbas I van Perzië">Abbas I de Grote</a> (1571-1629), sjah van Perzië</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Anjuman" title="Nadia Anjuman">Nadia Anjuman</a> (1981-2005), dichteres, geboren en overleden in Herat</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aziz_Heravi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aziz Heravi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Aziz Heravi</a> (c. 1952), muzikant en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rubab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rubab (de pagina bestaat niet)">Rubab</a>-speler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Nadim" title="Nadia Nadim">Nadia Nadim</a> (1988), Afghaans-Deense voetbalster</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massih_Hutak" title="Massih Hutak">Massih Hutak</a> (1992), Afghaans-Nederlands schrijver en rapper</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overleden">Overleden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Overleden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Overleden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djami" class="mw-redirect" title="Djami">Djami</a> (1414–1492), <a href="/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch">Perzischtalig</a> dichter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dost_Mohammed_Khan" title="Dost Mohammed Khan">Dost Mohammed Khan</a> (1793-1863), emir van Afghanistan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Woonachtig_(geweest)"><span id="Woonachtig_.28geweest.29"></span>Woonachtig (geweest)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Woonachtig (geweest)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Woonachtig (geweest)"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shahrukh_Mirza" title="Shahrukh Mirza">Sjahroech</a> (1377-1447), <a href="/wiki/Timoeriden" title="Timoeriden">Timoeridische</a> heerser, en zoon van <a href="/wiki/Timoer_Lenk" title="Timoer Lenk">Timoer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bajsoengoer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bajsoengoer (de pagina bestaat niet)">Bajsoengoer</a> (1399–1433), Timoeridische heerser en een groot kunstminnaar en mecenas</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirchwand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirchwand (de pagina bestaat niet)">Mirchwand</a> (1433–1498), Timoeridische <a href="/wiki/Historicus" title="Historicus">historicus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chwandemir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chwandemir (de pagina bestaat niet)">Chwandemir</a> (ca. 1475-ca. 1535), Timoeridische historicus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirwais_Hotaki" title="Mirwais Hotaki">Mirwais Hotaki</a> (1673-1715), stamhoofd van de Ghilzai-<a href="/wiki/Pathanen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathanen">Pathanen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Durrani" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Shah Durrani">Ahmad Shah Durrani</a> (1722-1772), grondlegger van het <a href="/wiki/Durrani-rijk" title="Durrani-rijk">Durrani-rijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Khan" title="Ismail Khan">Ismail Khan</a> (1946), leider van de <a href="/wiki/Moedjahedien" title="Moedjahedien">moedjahedien</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mir_Ali_Heravi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mir Ali Heravi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Mir Ali Heravi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalligraaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalligraaf">kalligraaf</a> van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasta%27liq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasta'liq (de pagina bestaat niet)">Nasta'liq</a> (nestalik)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Herat" class="extiw" title="commons:Herat">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-klein toccolours noprint" style="box-sizing:border-box; display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; font-size:85%; clear:right; float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; padding:0.5em; width:270px;"> <div style="min-width:fit-content;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> heeft mediabestanden op de pagina <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Herat" class="extiw" title="commons:Herat">Herat</a></b></i>.</div> </div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080314025741/http://www.heratnet.info/">Laatste nieuws over Herat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties">Referenties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Referenties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Referenties"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/Afghanistan.html#Stadt_gross">Schatting 2017 (via citypopulation.de</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/iso/iso_3166-2_newsletter_ii-3_2011-12-13.pdf">Romanisatie volgens BGN/PCGN-2006 door het ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (p. 6)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">© Thomas Brinkhof</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/Afghanistan.html#Stadt_gross">Afghanistan: Provinces, Major Cities & Towns - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts</a>. <i>www.citypopulation.de</i>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-07-17">17 juli 2016</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-1021518757&sid=-4369#N4369">'Herat', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/herat-ii">Encyclopedia Iranica, HERAT, ii.HISTORY, PRE-ISLAMIC PERIOD (opgehaald op 6 april 2009)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winklerprins.com-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-winklerprins.com_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-winklerprins.com_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-1021518757&sid=-4369#N4369">'HERAT', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150503150242/http://www.livius.org/aj-al/alexander/alexander_z2.html">Alexander the Great: his towns</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-1021542081">'TIMOERIDEN', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/262581/Herat">Encyclopedia Britannica, Herat (opgehaald op 6 april 2009)</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150426123902/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/262581/Herat">Gearchiveerd</a> op 26 april 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas H. Johnson 2004: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040811091257/http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/si/2004/jul/johnsonJul04.asp">Ismail Khan, Herat, and Iranian Influence</a>. Strategic Insights, Volume III, Issue 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grote Winkler Prins: encyclopedie in 25 delen, Volume 1, p. 348</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-1021520627&sid=-180669&fromsearch=true&fromsearch=true#N180669">'ISLAMITISCHE KUNST', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-100007464&sid=-64620&fromsearch=true&fromsearch=true#N64620">'ANSARI, ABDALLAH', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winklerprins.com/online/?id=-1021527616&sid=-177016&fromsearch=true&fromsearch=true#N177016">'OOSTERSE MINIATUREN', Grote Winkler Prins Online.</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Guzara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guzara (de pagina bestaat niet)">Guzara</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Herat</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Injil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Injil (de pagina bestaat niet)">Injil</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karukh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karukh (de pagina bestaat niet)">Karukh</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kohsan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kohsan (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kohsan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kushk_(stad)" title="Kushk (stad)">Kushk</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kushki_Kuhna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kushki Kuhna (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kushki Kuhna</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obe_(district)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obe (district) (de pagina bestaat niet)">Obe</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pashtun_Zarghun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pashtun Zarghun (de pagina bestaat niet)">Pashtun Zarghun</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shindand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shindand (de pagina bestaat niet)">Shindand</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zinda_Jan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zinda Jan (de pagina bestaat niet)">Zinda Jan</a> </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&oldid=67051926">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herat_(stad)&oldid=67051926</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a 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