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citation_author=Hasin, DS; citation_author=Liu, X; citation_author=Alderson, D; citation_author=Grant, BF; citation_publication_date=2006; citation_journal_title=Psychol Med; citation_volume=36; citation_firstpage=1695; citation_lastpage=1705"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Rethinking a universal framework in the psychiatric symptom-disorder relationship; citation_author=Alegria, M; citation_author=McGuire, T; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_journal_title=J Health Soc Behav; citation_volume=44; citation_firstpage=257; citation_lastpage=274"> <meta name="citation_abstract" content="Introduction: Prior research suggests that racial minority groups in the United States are more vulnerable to develop a gambling disorder than whites. However, no national survey on gambling disorders exists that has focused on ethnic differences.Methods: Analyses of this study were based on the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a large (N=43,093) nationally representative survey of the adult (≥18 years of age) population residing in house-holds during 2001–2002 period. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision diagnoses of pathological gambling, mood, anxiety, drug use, and personality disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IVVersion.Results: Prevalence rates of disordered gambling among blacks (2.2%) and Native/Asian Americans (2.3%) were higher than that of whites (1.2%). Demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity differed among Hispanic, black, and white disordered gamblers. However, all racial and ethnic groups evidenced similarities with respect to symptom patterns, time course, and treatment seeking for pathological gambling.Conclusion: The prevalence of disordered gambling, but not its onset or course of symptoms, varies by racial and ethnic group. These varying prevalence rates may reflect, at least in part, cultural differences in gambling and its acceptability and accessibility. 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class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">Abstract</span></a></li>  <li class="list__item"><a href="#references-list" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">References</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="column__main" data-v-01274b1d><div class="row" data-v-01274b1d><div class="column__main__left" data-v-01274b1d><div id="maincontent" class="col" data-v-862424e6 data-v-01274b1d> <hgroup data-v-862424e6><h1 data-v-862424e6>Disordered Gambling Among Racial and Ethnic Groups in the US: <span class='italic'>Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions</span></h1> </hgroup>     <div class="row published-date" data-v-862424e6><p data-v-862424e6> Published online by Cambridge University Press: <strong data-v-862424e6>07 November 2014</strong></p></div>   <div class="contributors-details" data-v-99f6eb26 data-v-862424e6><div class="row contributors" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="col" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="row contributor-type" data-v-792406ce data-v-99f6eb26> <div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Analuc%C3%ADa%20A.%20Alegr%C3%ADa&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Analucía A. Alegría</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce>,</span></div><div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Nancy%20M.%20Petry&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Nancy M. Petry</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce>,</span></div><div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Deborah%20S.%20Hasin&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Deborah S. Hasin</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce>,</span></div><div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Shang-Min%20Liu&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Shang-Min Liu</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce>,</span></div><div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Bridget%20F.%20Grant&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Bridget F. Grant</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce> and</span></div><div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Carlos%20Blanco&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Carlos Blanco</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-99f6eb26> </div></div> <div id="app-tabs" class="tabs" data-v-1d90c6ce data-v-01274b1d><div id="app-tabs-wrapper" class="tabs__wrapper" data-v-1d90c6ce><div role="navigation" aria-label="tab navigation" class="container" data-v-1d90c6ce><a data-toggle="collapse" href="#appTabs" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="appTabs" class="tabs__collapse collapsed d-sm-none d-print-none" data-v-1d90c6ce><span data-v-1d90c6ce></span> <span class="tabs-arrow-up" data-v-1d90c6ce></span> <span class="tabs-arrow-down" 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id="toc-list-mobile" class="list collapse"><li class="list__item"><a href="#sec0" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">Abstract</span></a></li>  <li class="list__item"><a href="#references-list" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">References</span></a></li></ul></div> <div class="action-bar" data-v-43a4d572><div class="row items"><a href="#access-block" data-test-id="buttonGetAccess" class="get-access-link" data-v-4cc7be75 data-v-43a4d572>Get access</a>  <div class="app-dropdown d-print-none share-dropdown" data-v-fab090b8 data-v-beffd87c data-v-43a4d572><button aria-expanded="false" data-test-id="buttonShareOptions" id="share-dropdown" class="app-button dropdown-menu-button app-button__text-icon app-button--secondary" data-v-2a038744 data-v-fab090b8><img src="/core/page-component/img/share-icon.cbcfad8.svg" alt="" class="app-icon icon share" data-v-d2c09870 data-v-2a038744> <span class="text" data-v-2a038744>Share</span></button> <div 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<span class="text" data-v-2a038744>Cite</span></button>  <a target="_blank" href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=CUP&publication=CNS&title=Disordered%20Gambling%20Among%20Racial%20and%20Ethnic%20Groups%20in%20the%20US%3A%20Results%20From%20the%20National%20Epidemiologic%20Survey%20on%20Alcohol%20and%20Related%20Conditions&publicationDate=07%20November%202014&author=Analuc%C3%ADa%20A.%20Alegr%C3%ADa%2C%20Nancy%20M.%20Petry%2C%20Deborah%20S.%20Hasin%2C%20Shang-Min%20Liu%2C%20Bridget%20F.%20Grant%2C%20Carlos%20Blanco©right=Copyright%20%C2%A9%20Cambridge%20University%20Press%202009&contentID=10.1017%2FS1092852900020113&startPage=132&endPage=143&orderBeanReset=True&volumeNum=14&issueNum=3&oa=" data-test-id="buttonRightLink" class="app-link rights-link d-print-none app-link__text-icon app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-92ee52a2 data-v-43a4d572><img src="/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg" alt="" class="app-icon icon rights" data-v-d2c09870 data-v-63dfaf6e><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Rights & Permissions </span> <span class="sr-only" data-v-63dfaf6e>[Opens in a new window]</span></a></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a></div> <div class="share-modal-overlay" style="display:none;" data-v-43a4d572></div> <div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#toc" class="scrollspy-content" data-v-43a4d572> <div id="sec0" class="col article-abstract sec" data-v-2fa8b348 data-v-43a4d572><div class="abstract-text-container" data-v-2fa8b348><div lang="en"><h2>Abstract</h2>  <div class="abstract-content"><div class="abstract" data-abstract-type="normal"><p><span class="bold">Introduction:</span> Prior research suggests that racial minority groups in the United States are more vulnerable to develop a gambling disorder than whites. However, no national survey on gambling disorders exists that has focused on ethnic differences.</p><p><span class="bold">Methods:</span> Analyses of this study were based on the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a large (N=43,093) nationally representative survey of the adult (≥18 years of age) population residing in house-holds during 2001–2002 period. <span class="italic">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision</span> diagnoses of pathological gambling, mood, anxiety, drug use, and personality disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-<span class="italic">DSM-IV</span>Version.</p><p><span class="bold">Results:</span> Prevalence rates of disordered gambling among blacks (2.2%) and Native/Asian Americans (2.3%) were higher than that of whites (1.2%). Demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity differed among Hispanic, black, and white disordered gamblers. However, all racial and ethnic groups evidenced similarities with respect to symptom patterns, time course, and treatment seeking for pathological gambling.</p><p><span class="bold">Conclusion:</span> The prevalence of disordered gambling, but not its onset or course of symptoms, varies by racial and ethnic group. These varying prevalence rates may reflect, at least in part, cultural differences in gambling and its acceptability and accessibility. These data may inform the need for targeted prevention strategies for high-risk racial and ethnic groups.</p></div></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="abstract-divider separator default" data-v-7036083a></div></div>   </div>    <dl class="article-details" data-v-6e32a161 data-v-43a4d572><div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Type </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161>Original Research</dd></div> <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Information </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div class="content__journal" data-v-6e32a161><a href="/core/journals/cns-spectrums" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>CNS Spectrums </span> </a> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/cns-spectrums/volume/38B93F562F89FB6B7DAB8E8DD0F1D493" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Volume 14 </span> </a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/cns-spectrums/issue/1E5ADEBC5A7EA2FA150395CF6EEDE02C" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Issue 3 </span> </a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161>, March 2009</span>  <span data-v-6e32a161>, pp. 132 - 143</span> </div> <div class="doi-data" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161>DOI: <a target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852900020113" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852900020113 </span> <span class="sr-only" data-v-63dfaf6e>[Opens in a new window]</span></a></div> </div>  </dd></div>   <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Copyright </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161> Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009 </div></dd></div></dl> <div id="access-block" class="d-print-none" data-v-43a4d572><div class="access-options"><h2 class="access-options__heading">Access options</h2> <span>Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. 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Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions",htmlTitle:"Disordered Gambling Among Racial and Ethnic Groups in the US: \u003Cspan class='italic'\u003EResults From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E",subtitle:a,authorsGroup:{authors:{contributors:[{givenNames:"Analucía A.",surname:"Alegría",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Analucía A. Alegría",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Analuc%C3%ADa%20A.%20Alegr%C3%ADa&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c},{givenNames:"Nancy M.",surname:"Petry",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Nancy M. Petry",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Nancy%20M.%20Petry&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c},{givenNames:"Deborah S.",surname:"Hasin",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Deborah S. Hasin",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Deborah%20S.%20Hasin&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c},{givenNames:"Shang-Min",surname:"Liu",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Shang-Min Liu",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Shang-Min%20Liu&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c},{givenNames:"Bridget F.",surname:"Grant",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Bridget F. Grant",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Bridget%20F.%20Grant&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c},{givenNames:"Carlos",surname:"Blanco",nameStyle:y,affiliations:[],isCorresponding:f,notes:"\u003Cdiv class=\"corresp\"\u003EPlease direct all correspondence to: Carlos Blanco, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, \u003Cspan class=\"institution\"\u003EColumbia University\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, 1051 Riverside Dr., Box 69, New York, NY 10032; Tel: 212-543-5367; Fax: 212-546-6515; E-mail: \u003Ca href=\"mailto:cb255@columbia.edu\"\u003Ecb255@columbia.edu\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",isAnonymous:b,fullName:"Carlos Blanco",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Carlos%20Blanco&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c}]},translators:{contributors:[],label:"Translated by"}},collections:[],publishedDate:"07 November 2014",keywords:[],openPracticeBadges:[],doi:{url:"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS1092852900020113",value:"10.1017\u002FS1092852900020113"},copyright:{statement:["Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009"],holder:["Cambridge University Press"],year:[2009]},creativeCommons:c,acceptedManuscript:b,type:"research-article",pageRange:{range:"132 - 143",firstPage:"132",lastPage:"143"},typeDescription:"Original Research",resultTypes:[],commentsCount:aB,topicsAndSubtopics:c},journal:{id:aC,title:J,titleSlug:aD,mnemonic:"CNS",titleHistory:[],isFirstView:b,journalSlug:aD,isCompanion:b,parentCompanionJournalName:J,associatedParentCollection:c,paymentInfo:{prices:{"£":{price:26,sku:K,skuNew:D,currency:"£"},"€":{price:31,sku:K,skuNew:D,currency:"€"},US$:{price:36,sku:K,skuNew:D,currency:"US$"},AU$:{price:51,sku:K,skuNew:D,currency:"AU$"}}},url:aE,firstViewUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fcns-spectrums\u002Ffirstview",coverUrl:"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.cambridge.org\u002Fcovers\u002FCNS_0_0_0\u002Fcns-spectrums.jpg",submitMaterialsUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fcns-spectrums\u002Finformation\u002Fauthor-instructions\u002Fsubmitting-your-materials",hasHistory:b,latestTitle:J,latestId:aC,hasPastTitle:b,issue:{id:"1E5ADEBC5A7EA2FA150395CF6EEDE02C",number:ab,title:"Issue 3",publishedDate:"March 2009",printPublishTimestamp:1235865600000,url:aF},volume:{id:"38B93F562F89FB6B7DAB8E8DD0F1D493",number:L,title:"Volume 14",publishedDate:"April 2009",printPublishTimestamp:1238547600000,url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fcns-spectrums\u002Fvolume\u002F38B93F562F89FB6B7DAB8E8DD0F1D493"}},abstract:{textAbstracts:[{title:"Abstract",content:"\u003Cdiv class=\"abstract\" data-abstract-type=\"normal\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"bold\"\u003EIntroduction:\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E Prior research suggests that racial minority groups in the United States are more vulnerable to develop a gambling disorder than whites. However, no national survey on gambling disorders exists that has focused on ethnic differences.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"bold\"\u003EMethods:\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E Analyses of this study were based on the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a large (N=43,093) nationally representative survey of the adult (≥18 years of age) population residing in house-holds during 2001–2002 period. \u003Cspan class=\"italic\"\u003EDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E diagnoses of pathological gambling, mood, anxiety, drug use, and personality disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-\u003Cspan class=\"italic\"\u003EDSM-IV\u003C\u002Fspan\u003EVersion.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"bold\"\u003EResults:\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E Prevalence rates of disordered gambling among blacks (2.2%) and Native\u002FAsian Americans (2.3%) were higher than that of whites (1.2%). Demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity differed among Hispanic, black, and white disordered gamblers. However, all racial and ethnic groups evidenced similarities with respect to symptom patterns, time course, and treatment seeking for pathological gambling.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"bold\"\u003EConclusion:\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E The prevalence of disordered gambling, but not its onset or course of symptoms, varies by racial and ethnic group. These varying prevalence rates may reflect, at least in part, cultural differences in gambling and its acceptability and accessibility. These data may inform the need for targeted prevention strategies for high-risk racial and ethnic groups.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",lang:aG}]},content:{html:a,tableOfContent:[],footnotes:[],fulltextNotes:[],references:[{item:[],id:"reference-header-8gmjf",title:"REFERENCES",description:a},{id:"manual_ref-2",displayNumber:aH,existInContent:b,content:"\u003Cspan class=\"label\"\u003E1.\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"source\"\u003EDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"edition\"\u003E4th\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E ed, text rev. \u003Cspan class=\"publisher-loc\"\u003EWashington, DC\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E: \u003Cspan class=\"publisher-name\"\u003EAmerican Psychiatric Association\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E; \u003Cspan class=\"year\"\u003E2000\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E.\u003Ca class='ref-link' target='_blank' aria-label='Google Scholar link for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders' href=https:\u002F\u002Fscholar.google.com\u002Fscholar?q=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders.+4th+ed,+text+rev.+Washington,+DC:+American+Psychiatric+Association;+2000.\u003EGoogle Scholar\u003C\u002Fa\u003E",item:[{googleScholarLink:"https:\u002F\u002Fscholar.google.com\u002Fscholar?q=Diagnostic+and+Statistical+Manual+of+Mental+Disorders.+4th+ed,+text+rev.+Washington,+DC:+American+Psychiatric+Association;+2000.",openUrlParams:{genre:s,btitle:ac,title:ac,aulast:a,aufirst:a,au:a,pub:"American Psychiatric Association",date:E,tpages:c,doi:c,sid:d},innerRefId:"ref001",title:ac,doi:c,crossRefLink:a,pubMedLink:a}]},{id:"manual_ref-3",displayNumber:aI,existInContent:b,content:"\u003Cspan class=\"label\"\u003E2.\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EToce-Gerstein\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EM\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EGerstein\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EDR\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EVolberg\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ERA\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"article-title\"\u003EA hierarchy of gambling disorders in the community\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"source\"\u003EAddiction\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"year\"\u003E2003\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E;\u003Cspan class=\"volume\"\u003E98\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E:\u003Cspan class=\"fpage\"\u003E1661\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E–\u003Cspan class=\"lpage\"\u003E1672\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E.\u003Ca class='ref-link' target='_blank' aria-label='Google Scholar link for A hierarchy of gambling disorders in the community' href=https:\u002F\u002Fscholar.google.com\u002Fscholar_lookup?title=A+hierarchy+of+gambling+disorders+in+the+community&author=Toce-Gerstein+M&author=Gerstein+DR&author=Volberg+RA&publication+year=2003&journal=Addiction&volume=98&pages=1661-1672\u003EGoogle Scholar\u003C\u002Fa\u003E",item:[{googleScholarLink:"https:\u002F\u002Fscholar.google.com\u002Fscholar_lookup?title=A+hierarchy+of+gambling+disorders+in+the+community&author=Toce-Gerstein+M&author=Gerstein+DR&author=Volberg+RA&publication+year=2003&journal=Addiction&volume=98&pages=1661-1672",openUrlParams:{genre:e,atitle:aJ,jtitle:m,title:m,volume:aK,artnum:"65bf58f1495e210001829bbe",spage:"1661",epage:"1672",date:j,sid:d,aulast:a,aufirst:a,doi:c,au:a},innerRefId:"ref002",title:aJ,doi:c,crossRefLink:a,pubMedLink:a}]},{id:"manual_ref-4",displayNumber:ab,existInContent:b,content:"\u003Cspan class=\"label\"\u003E3.\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EPetry\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ENM\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EStinson\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EFS\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EGrant\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EBF\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"article-title\"\u003EComorbidity of DSM-IV. 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class=\"surname\"\u003EChen\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EK\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EWarner\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ELA\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EKessler\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ERC\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EGrant\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003EB\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"article-title\"\u003EPrevalence and demographic correlates of symptoms of last year dependence on alcohol, nicotine, marijuana and cocaine in the U.S. population\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan class=\"source\"\u003EDrug Alcohol Depend\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E. \u003Cspan 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1-.69-.28.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.385l3.352-3.328-3.352-3.33a.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.384 1 1 0 0 1 1.395 0l3.352 3.329 3.352-3.329a1 1 0 0 1 1.394 0 .983.983 0 0 1 0 1.385l-3.352 3.329 3.352 3.328z" fill="#436FCC"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <p id="info-comment-conflict-tip" class="text-left">Please list any fees and grants from, employment by, consultancy for, shared ownership in or any close relationship with, at any time over the preceding 36 months, any organisation whose interests may be affected by the publication of the response. 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