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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-參與者的性別偏誤" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參與者的性別偏誤"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>參與者的性別偏誤</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-參與者的性別偏誤-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关參與者的性別偏誤子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-參與者的性別偏誤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-研究結果" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究結果"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>研究結果</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-研究結果-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-原因" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#原因"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>原因</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-原因-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-反应" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#反应"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>反应</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-反应-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-內容上的性別偏誤" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#內容上的性別偏誤"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>內容上的性別偏誤</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-內容上的性別偏誤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-提升女性编辑地位的措施" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#提升女性编辑地位的措施"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>提升女性编辑地位的措施</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-提升女性编辑地位的措施-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关延伸阅读子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-媒体报道" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#媒体报道"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>媒体报道</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-媒体报道-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-研究与建议" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究与建议"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>研究与建议</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-研究与建议-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">維基百科的性別偏誤</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。30种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="التحيز بين الجنسين على ويكيبيديا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التحيز بين الجنسين على ويكيبيديا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediyada_gender_b%C9%99rab%C9%99rsizliyi" title="Vikipediyada gender bərabərsizliyi – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikipediyada gender bərabərsizliyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_bias_sa_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias sa Wikipedia – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Gender bias sa Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%9E_%D1%83_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Гендэрны разрыў у Вікіпэдыі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гендэрны разрыў у Вікіпэдыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="উইকিপিডিয়ায় লিঙ্গ পক্ষপাত – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়ায় লিঙ্গ পক্ষপাত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biaix_de_g%C3%A8nere_a_la_Viquip%C3%A8dia" title="Biaix de gènere a la Viquipèdia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biaix de gènere a la Viquipèdia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B2_%D9%84%DB%95_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لایەنگریی ڕەگەز لە ویکیپیدیا – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لایەنگریی ڕەگەز لە ویکیپیدیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genderov%C3%A1_nevyv%C3%A1%C5%BEenost_na_Wikipedii" title="Genderová nevyváženost na Wikipedii – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Genderová nevyváženost na Wikipedii" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschlechterverteilung_in_der_Wikipedia" title="Geschlechterverteilung in der Wikipedia – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geschlechterverteilung in der Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%88%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%86%CF%8D%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Προκατάληψη των φύλων στη Βικιπαίδεια – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προκατάληψη των φύλων στη Βικιπαίδεια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gender bias on Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecha_de_g%C3%A9nero_en_Wikipedia" title="Brecha de género en Wikipedia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brecha de género en Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genero_arrakala_Wikipedian" title="Genero arrakala Wikipedian – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Genero arrakala Wikipedian" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="تعصب جنسیتی در ویکی‌پدیا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تعصب جنسیتی در ویکی‌پدیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukupuolivinouma_Wikipediassa" title="Sukupuolivinouma Wikipediassa – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sukupuolivinouma Wikipediassa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biais_de_genre_sur_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Biais de genre sur Wikipédia – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Biais de genre sur Wikipédia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nesgo_de_x%C3%A9nero_na_Wikipedia" title="Nesgo de xénero na Wikipedia – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nesgo de xénero na Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="הפער המגדרי בוויקיפדיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפער המגדרי בוויקיפדיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias_gender_di_Wikipedia" title="Bias gender di Wikipedia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bias gender di Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9" title="ウィキペディアにおけるジェンダーバイアス – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィキペディアにおけるジェンダーバイアス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%A0%A0%EB%8D%94_%ED%8E%B8%ED%96%A5" title="위키백과의 젠더 편향 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과의 젠더 편향" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kecenderungan_gender_di_Wikipedia" title="Kecenderungan gender di Wikipedia – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kecenderungan gender di Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kj%C3%B8nnsforskjellene_p%C3%A5_Wikipedia" title="Kjønnsforskjellene på Wikipedia – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjønnsforskjellene på Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%A9s_de_g%C3%AAnero_na_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Viés de gênero na Wikipédia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Viés de gênero na Wikipédia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Гендерный разрыв в Википедии – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гендерный разрыв в Википедии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" title="Gender bias on Wikipedia – Simple English" 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lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความลำเอียงทางเพศบนวิกิพีเดีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi%27de_cinsiyet_dengesizli%C4%9Fi" title="Vikipedi'de cinsiyet dengesizliği – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi'de cinsiyet dengesizliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97" title="Гендерна упередженість у Вікіпедії – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гендерна упередженість у Вікіпедії" 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mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17002416" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f2e50258" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f2e50258" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-tw:偏誤; zh-cn:偏差;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-tw:資訊; zh-cn:信息;"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="维基百科编者的性别饼图：90%为男性，9%为女性，1%为变性人或跨性别认识" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png/310px-LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png/465px-LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png/620px-LE15_Gender_overall_in_2018.png 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>据<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="维基媒体基金会">维基媒体基金会</a>在2018年的调查，维基人主要为男性。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>維基百科的性別偏誤</b>是一項針對<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="維基百科">維基百科</a>的批評；認為在內容的質與量上都是有偏誤的，原因是大多數的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="维基人">維基百科編輯者</a>都是男性。 </p><p>這是對維基百科最常見的一種<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對維基百科的批評">批評</a>，也是對維基百科系統性偏見的一般性批評的其中一部分。維基百科的運行者<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="維基媒體基金會">維基媒體基金會</a>同意這種批評，也不斷嘗試增加女性維基百科編輯者的數量。例如曾舉辦鼓勵女性參與，並增加女性主題條目的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E6%9D%BE" title="编辑松">編輯松</a><sup id="cite_ref-tnw_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tnw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indy500_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indy500-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參與者的性別偏誤"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.88.87.E8.80.85.E7.9A.84.E6.80.A7.E5.88.A5.E5.81.8F.E8.AA.A4"></span>參與者的性別偏誤</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：參與者的性別偏誤"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="研究結果"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E7.B5.90.E6.9E.9C"></span>研究結果</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：研究結果"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 220px; float: right; clear: right; margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">外部视频链接</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/WP_BOLD.jpg/220px-WP_BOLD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/WP_BOLD.jpg/330px-WP_BOLD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/WP_BOLD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="394" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=of93QwXixJg">Research proves gender imbalance on Wikipedia</a>, 2:45, <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="明尼苏达大学">University of Minnesota</a><sup id="cite_ref-UofM_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UofM-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZisBB3N4gg">Where Are All the Women? Wikipedia’s Gender Gap</a>, 1:12:40, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BC%97%E5%90%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="西弗吉尼亞大學">West Virginia University</a><sup id="cite_ref-WVU_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WVU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>調查显示，維基百科的编者中，女性只佔了大約8.5-16%。<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes20jun2015_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes20jun2015-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EditorSurveys_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EditorSurveys-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PLOS_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLOS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 據此，一些學者和記者批評維基百科主要男性貢獻者，<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen110130_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen110130-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 關於女性或對女性重要的話題的条目很少。《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E6%99%82%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="紐約時報">紐約時報</a>》曾指出，維基百科上的女性參與率，可能和其他「公共思想領導論壇（public thought-leadership forums）」的参与率在一条水平线上。<sup id="cite_ref-NYTparticipation_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTparticipation-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2009年，維基媒體基金會調查顯示，做过超過500次編輯的編者中，只有6%是女性；此外，男性编者的平均編輯次數，是女性编者的兩倍。<sup id="cite_ref-Clubhouse_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clubhouse-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2010年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="联合国大学">聯合國大學</a>和聯合國大學馬斯垂克高新技術經濟及社會研究所（UNU-MERIT）共同提出了一份對全球維基百科調查的結果概述。<sup id="cite_ref-WPSurvey2010_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPSurvey2010-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 一篇於2011年1月30日《紐約時報》刊出的文章引用了這篇維基媒體基金會的合作成果，指出女性在維基百科的貢獻者中所佔比率，低於13%。時任基金會执行董事的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7%E7%B4%8D" title="蘇·加德納">蘇·加德納</a>表示，增加編者的多樣性，攸關一部百科全書是否能夠「盡可能做到最好」。根據這篇研究的說法，可能對女性編輯形成阻力的因素，包括會讓人聯想到「吹毛求疵的黑客群體」的「過分較真者」，還有「对難以相處、具高度衝突性的人，甚至歧視者開放」的必要性。<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen110130_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen110130-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2013年，希爾（Hill）和蕭（Shaw）使用修正估计方法，對這份研究提出商榷，他們建議把這份調查中的數字上修，並更新現有的統計數字，他們給出的數字是美國成年女性的貢獻佔22.7%，全體女性為16.1%。<sup id="cite_ref-PLOS_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLOS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2011年2月，《紐約時報》以「維基百科上的女性在哪裡？」為主題，提出了一系列的意見。<sup id="cite_ref-WhereAretheWomen_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WhereAretheWomen-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 其中資訊科學和語言學教授<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苏珊·贺琳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Susan Herring"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E7%8F%8A%C2%B7%E8%B4%BA%E7%90%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏珊·贺琳（页面不存在）">苏珊·C·贺琳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Herring" class="extiw" title="en:Susan Herring"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Susan Herring</span></a></span>）</span></span>表示，她對於維基百科貢獻者有性别差异並不感到驚訝。她說，維基百科條目「討論頁」中，討論文字的內容常常具有爭議性，對許多女性來說缺乏吸引力。<sup id="cite_ref-Herring110204_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herring110204-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="约瑟夫·里格尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Joseph Reagle"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约瑟夫·里格尔（页面不存在）">约瑟夫·M·里格尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Reagle" class="extiw" title="en:Joseph Reagle"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Joseph Reagle</span></a></span>）</span></span>同样反映说，“黑客精英文化”加上高度冲突的（少数）成员对社群气氛的不成比例的影响，会使其丧失吸引力。他说，“自由和开放的意识形态和言论可以被用来（a）掩盖对不当或冒犯性言论的担忧（b）把女性的参与度低理性归结为仅仅是她们个人偏好和选择的问题”<sup id="cite_ref-Reagle110204_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagle110204-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贾斯汀·卡塞尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Justine Cassell"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贾斯汀·卡塞尔（页面不存在）">贾斯汀·卡塞尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justine_Cassell" class="extiw" title="en:Justine Cassell"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Justine Cassell</span></a></span>）</span></span>说，虽然女性与男性一样知识渊博，能够维护自己的观点，“但在美国社会中，在辩论、争论和对自己的立场有力辩护方面，往往看到的还是男性的立场，而女性使用这些言语风格可能会引起负面评价。”<sup id="cite_ref-Cassell110204_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassell110204-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国际通讯杂志" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Journal of Communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际通讯杂志（页面不存在）">国际通讯杂志</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Journal_of_Communication" class="extiw" title="en:International Journal of Communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International Journal of Communication</span></a></span>）</span></span>》发表了Reagle和Lauren Rhue的研究报告，其中对英文维基百科和《大英百科全书》在线版上的成千上万个传记主题的覆盖率、性别表征和条目长度进行了研究。他们的结论是，总的来说，相比《大英百科》，维基百科条目的覆盖率更高，条目也更长，但在维基百科上，女性条目相比男性条目来说，较《大英百科》更容易缺失。也就是说，维基百科在人物传记的覆盖率压倒性胜过《大英百科》，但在男性传记方面尤其如此。同样，有人或许会说，《大英百科》未收录的人物在性别上比维基百科更均衡。在两篇文献中，条目长度都没有表现出因性别差异而有明显差异。<sup id="cite_ref-Reagle-Rhue_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reagle-Rhue-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2011年4月，维基媒体基金会进行了第一次半年度维基百科调查。该调查表明9%的维基百科编辑是女性。调查还指出“与一些人的看法相反，我们的数据显示，很少有女性编辑觉得她们受到骚扰，或是觉得维基百科是一个<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%8C%96" title="性化">性化</a>的环境。”<sup id="cite_ref-WES2011_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WES2011-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 然而，2011年10月的<a href="/w/index.php?title=WikiSym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WikiSym（页面不存在）">维基和开放合作国际研讨会</a>上的论文发现有证据表明，维基百科可能有“一种可能阻碍女性参与的文化”。<sup id="cite_ref-WPClubhouse_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPClubhouse-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2014年发表的一项研究发现，维基百科编者之间也存在“互联网技能差距”。作者发现，最有可能的维基百科贡献者是高技能男性，低技能编辑之间没有性别差异，并得出结论说，“技能差距”加剧了编辑之间的性别差距。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在2010–14年间，维基教育基金会项目安排的（把编辑维基百科作为课程的一部分的）大学课程参与者中，女性占61%。他们的贡献将维基百科内容从流行文化和<a href="/wiki/STEM%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="STEM教育">STEM</a>方向转移到人文社科方向。<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2017年的一项研究发现，通过编辑一个类似维基百科的网站来参与实验的女性倾向于把其他编辑视为男性，并将其回复视为比其他<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B" title="性別中立">性别中立</a>编辑者更为挑剔的回应。研究得出结论认为：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209892">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{margin-top:0;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1em;text-align:left;padding-left:2em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite cite{font-size:small}</style> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>……维基百科上可以看见的女性编者以及鼓励建设性的反馈可能会有助于缩小维基百科的性别差距。此外，匿名编辑比例相对较高，可能会加剧维基百科的性别差距，因为匿名可能常常被视为男性，而且更为挑剔。<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>福特和瓦杰曼的研究指出，对性别偏见的研究继续将问题视为女性的缺陷。相反，他们的中心论点是：女性主义技科学的基础建设研究使得性别分析水平进一步提高。它着眼于基础建设三个方面的问题：实施的内容方针、软件和法律框架。该研究表明通过改变知识生产文化，通过鼓励替代知识，减少编辑技术壁垒和降低维基百科方针的复杂性，可以取得进展。<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="原因"><span id=".E5.8E.9F.E5.9B.A0"></span>原因</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：原因"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sue Gardner街头照片" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg/200px-Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg/300px-Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg/400px-Sue_Gardner_Feb_2013_portrait_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4177" data-file-height="2785" /></a><figcaption>前维基媒体基金会的执行<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7%E7%B4%8D" title="蘇·加德納">蘇·加德納</a>给出了九个女性编者在维基百科上提出的，关于“為什麼女人不编辑维基百科”的原因。<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner110219_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner110219-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>有人提出了造成这种性别差异的几种原因。2010年的一项研究显示，维基百科女性参与率为13％，接近于其他“公共思想领导论坛”女性参与率的15％。<sup id="cite_ref-NYTparticipation_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTparticipation-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Signpost-2013-07-31_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Signpost-2013-07-31-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 维基百科研究员Sarah Stierch认为，维基百科贡献者保持性别不公开是“相当常见的”。<sup id="cite_ref-DailyDotStierch_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyDotStierch-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 不近人情的文化和对暴力和侮辱性语言的容忍也对性别差距起了推波助澜的作用。<sup id="cite_ref-CSM-misogyny_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSM-misogyny-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 根据2013年的一项研究，维基百科的性别差距的另一个原因是未能吸引和留住女性编辑，这对维基百科覆盖率造成了负面影响。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>维基媒体基金会的前执行董事<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7%E7%B4%8D" title="蘇·加德納">蘇·加德納</a>列举了女性為什麼不编辑维基百科的九个理由，从维基百科的女性编者的评论中精选：<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner110219_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner110219-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="用户界面">编辑界面</a>缺乏<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%94%A8%E6%80%A7" title="易用性">用户友好性</a></li> <li>没有足够的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%98%E6%9A%87" title="餘暇">闲暇时间</a></li> <li>缺乏<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E4%BF%A1" title="自信">自信</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="厌恶冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Conflict avoidance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%8C%E6%81%B6%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="厌恶冲突（页面不存在）">厌恶冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_avoidance" class="extiw" title="en:Conflict avoidance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Conflict avoidance</span></a></span>）</span></span>，不愿参与冗长的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對維基百科的批評">编辑战</a></li> <li>认为她们的贡献很可能被撤销或删除</li> <li>觉得维基百科的整体气氛<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8C%E5%A5%B3%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="厌女症">对女性不友善</a></li> <li>维基百科有关性的文化让人厌恶</li> <li>那些母语有语法性别的女性会不乐意被看作是男性</li> <li>相比其他网站建立社会关系以及受到欢迎的机会小</li></ol> <p>Lam等人认为，在维基百科上可能会有一种不包容女性的文化，这可能是因为以男性和女性为中心的主题存在差异，女性用户倾向于在社交和社群方面更加活跃，而女性新编者的编辑更可能被撤销，女性编者比例高的条目会更具争议性。<sup id="cite_ref-WPClubhouse_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPClubhouse-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2014年7月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="国家科学基金会">国家科学基金会</a>宣布将花费20万美元来研究维基百科的系统性别偏差。该研究将由朱莉娅·亚当斯和汉娜·布鲁克纳领导。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>一个值得关注的问题是，关于女性主题的条目更有可能被标记删除模板。<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="反应"><span id=".E5.8F.8D.E5.BA.94"></span>反应</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：反应"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>维基媒体基金会认为至少自加德纳担任执行理事的2011年起，其项目中就存在着性别偏差。基金会确实进行了一些努力以解决此问题，但是加德纳对他们取得的成就表示失望。但是她也指出，女性的空闲时间通常非常有限，她们更倾向于去参加社交活动而非编辑维基百科。女性更多地将科技视为一种完成任务用的工具而非其本身就有趣的东西。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2011年，维基媒体基金会定下了一个目标，到2015年前要使其25%的贡献者是女性。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2013年8月，加德纳说：“我没有做到，我们没有做到，基金会没有做到。解决方案不会来自维基媒体基金会。”<sup id="cite_ref-:1_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在给杂志《<a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">Slate</a>》写的文章中，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希瑟·麦克唐纳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Heather Mac Donald"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希瑟·麦克唐纳（页面不存在）">希瑟·麦克唐纳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heather_Mac_Donald" class="extiw" title="en:Heather Mac Donald"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Heather Mac Donald</span></a></span>）</span></span>将维基百科的性别不平衡称作“在不存在问题的情况下寻找误入歧途的解决方案”。她断言，“对于维基百科男女参与率的不同的最简单的、也是符合日常经验的解释就是，一般来说，男性和女性的兴趣不同，对如何利用空闲时间的偏好也不同。”<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2014年8月，维基百科的联合创始人之一<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="吉米·威爾斯">吉米·威尔士</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="英国广播公司">BBC</a>的采访中表示，维基媒体基金会计划在性别偏差问题上“加倍下注”。吉米·威尔士表示基金会将会开放更多的拓展项目并且在软件上做更多改变。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="內容上的性別偏誤"><span id=".E5.85.A7.E5.AE.B9.E4.B8.8A.E7.9A.84.E6.80.A7.E5.88.A5.E5.81.8F.E8.AA.A4"></span>內容上的性別偏誤</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：內容上的性別偏誤"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>英文維基在2021年約有1500萬篇人物條目，其中只有19%是女性<sup id="cite_ref-hard_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hard-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。相較於男性人物條目，女性人物條目也比較容易被提報刪除<sup id="cite_ref-hard_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hard-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>研究者有針對英文維基以及其他五個語言的維基進行研究，女性人物條目的比例比其他比較的三個資料庫要高。不過，利用計算語言學的分析發現，條目中描述女性和男性的方式也有所不同，女性人物條目比較常出現有關性別和家庭的詞句。研究者認為這意味著維基百科的編輯將男性視為「預設性別」（若沒有特別說明，就假設是男性，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="以男性為基準" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="male as norm"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7%E7%82%BA%E5%9F%BA%E6%BA%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以男性為基準（页面不存在）">以男性為基準</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/male_as_norm" class="extiw" title="en:male as norm"><span lang="en" dir="auto">male as norm</span></a></span>）</span></span>）<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。另一個有關維基編輯方式的批評，是在2014年的《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E5%A0%B1" title="衛報">衛報</a>》社論上，提到很難判斷「什麼重要」。他們注意到英文維基中的「色情女演員列表」要比「女科學家列表」要來的有組織<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianAugust2014_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianAugust2014-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>英文維基百科的「<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%88%B5%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA%E5%87%B1%E8%96%A9%E7%90%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%A9%9A%E7%B4%97" title="劍橋公爵夫人凱薩琳的婚紗">劍橋公爵夫人凱薩琳的婚紗</a>」條目在創作當天就被部分維基人以「這也能是維基百科條目？」「維基百科不是新聞速報」等理由提刪。吉米·威爾士表示在維基百科上有90個左右關於<a href="/wiki/Linux%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88" title="Linux发行版">Linux发行版</a>的條目，但時裝條目卻少得可憐，這反映了維基百科上存在系統性的偏見<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>加拿大物理學家<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="唐娜·斯特里克兰">唐娜·斯特里克兰</a>是2018年的諾貝爾物理學家得主之一，因為<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%81%E5%95%BE%E8%84%88%E6%B3%A2%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="啁啾脈波放大">啁啾脈波放大</a>而獲獎。但她在英文維基百科的專屬頁面直至她得獎後一個半小時才被建立。由於與斯特里克兰共享諾貝爾物理獎的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%8B%89%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E8%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="熱拉爾·穆胡">熱拉爾·穆胡</a>早在2005年就擁有個人頁面，因此這個事件也被認為涉及了女性歧視<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="提升女性编辑地位的措施"><span id=".E6.8F.90.E5.8D.87.E5.A5.B3.E6.80.A7.E7.BC.96.E8.BE.91.E5.9C.B0.E4.BD.8D.E7.9A.84.E6.8E.AA.E6.96.BD"></span>提升女性编辑地位的措施</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：提升女性编辑地位的措施"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg/220px-Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg/330px-Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg/440px-Giants_in_the_field_of_Women_in_the_Arts_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3594" data-file-height="2976" /></a><figcaption>2013年举办于华盛顿的编辑松活动“艺术作品中的女性”的参与者</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_,_20150326_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg/220px-A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg/330px-A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg/440px-A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own_%2C_20150326_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="中華民國維基媒體協會">中華民國維基媒體協會</a>與<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="台灣女子自由軟體工作小組（页面不存在）">台灣女子自由軟體工作小組</a>（WoFOSS）聯合舉辦的<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%87%E5%A7%AC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="薇姬人">薇姬人</a></b>（<b>女性維基人</b>）活動－<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Taiwan/A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own" class="extiw" title="meta:Wikimedia Taiwan/A Room of WikiWomen's Own"><b>薇姬的房間</b></a></figcaption></figure> <p>人们已经组织了一些专门的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E6%9D%BE" title="编辑松">编辑松</a>活动，来提升对维基百科中女性相关话题的覆盖率，并鼓励更多女性参与维基百科的编辑。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 这些活动受到了<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="维基媒体基金会">维基媒体基金会</a>的支持，有时基金会还会在这个过程中提供顾问和技术，以引导资历较浅的编辑者。近期的编辑松活动给出了一些特定的中心话题，诸如<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>女性<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="神经科学">神经科学家</a>和犹太历史中的女性。<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="维基可视化编辑器">可视化编辑器</a>是维基媒体基金会资助的一个项目，它使人们可以以“<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E8%A6%8B%E5%8D%B3%E6%89%80%E5%BE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="所見即所得">所见即所得</a>”（<b>W</b>hat <b>Y</b>ou <b>S</b>ee <b>I</b>s <b>W</b>hat <b>Y</b>ou <b>G</b>et，WYSIWYG）的方式编辑维基百科。据说此项目的部分目的即是减小维基百科的性别差距。<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>此外人们还启动了“维基茶馆”项目。该项目的目标是为新人提供一个更友好的环境，其中一个特别的目标也是促进女性参与维基百科。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2015年年初，一个关于为维基百科编者建立一个“女性专用”空间的提案受到了维基人的强烈抵制。<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%E5%81%8F%E8%A7%81" class="mw-redirect" title="第二代性别偏见">第二代性别偏见</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E5%9D%A6%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE-%E4%BC%8D%E5%BE%B7" title="埃米莉·坦普爾-伍德">埃米莉·坦普尔-伍德</a>：以對抗維基百科的性別偏誤而知名</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tnw-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tnw_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Curtis, Cara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thenextweb.com/tech/2019/03/19/physicist-has-written-over-500-biographies-female-scientists-wikipedia/">This physicist has written over 500 biographies of women scientists on Wikipedia</a>. thenextweb.com. The Next Web. 2019 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-10-12</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190804235220/https://thenextweb.com/tech/2019/03/19/physicist-has-written-over-500-biographies-female-scientists-wikipedia/">存档</a>于2019-08-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=This+physicist+has+written+over+500+biographies+of+women+scientists+on+Wikipedia&rft.aufirst=Cara&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thenextweb.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthenextweb.com%2Ftech%2F2019%2F03%2F19%2Fphysicist-has-written-over-500-biographies-female-scientists-wikipedia%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indy500-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-indy500_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Wade, Jessica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/science-women-wikipedia-biography-sexism-academia-physics-a-level-a8773631.html">This is why I’ve written 500 biographies of female scientists on Wikipedia</a>. independent.co.uk. The Independent. 2019 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-10-12</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190520230025/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/science-women-wikipedia-biography-sexism-academia-physics-a-level-a8773631.html">存档</a>于2019-05-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=This+is+why+I%E2%80%99ve+written+500+biographies+of+female+scientists+on+Wikipedia&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=independent.co.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fvoices%2Fscience-women-wikipedia-biography-sexism-academia-physics-a-level-a8773631.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UofM-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UofM_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161208081140/https://cse.umn.edu/news-release/university-of-minnesota-researchers-reveal-wikipedia-gender-biases/">University of Minnesota researchers reveal Wikipedia gender biases</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="明尼苏达大学">University of Minnesota</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-11-21</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cse.umn.edu/news-release/university-of-minnesota-researchers-reveal-wikipedia-gender-biases/">原始内容</a>存档于2016-12-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=University+of+Minnesota+researchers+reveal+Wikipedia+gender+biases&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcse.umn.edu%2Fnews-release%2Funiversity-of-minnesota-researchers-reveal-wikipedia-gender-biases%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WVU-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WVU_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307141703/http://reedcollegeofmedia.wvu.edu/about/featured-events/wiki-panel">Tackling Wikipedia’s Gender Gap</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BC%97%E5%90%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="西弗吉尼亞大學">West Virginia University</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-03</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reedcollegeofmedia.wvu.edu/about/featured-events/wiki-panel">原始内容</a>存档于2016-03-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Tackling+Wikipedia%E2%80%99s+Gender+Gap&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=West+Virginia+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freedcollegeofmedia.wvu.edu%2Fabout%2Ffeatured-events%2Fwiki-panel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes20jun2015-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes20jun2015_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/21/opinion/can-wikipedia-survive.html">Can Wikipedia Survive?</a>. 2015-06-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-06-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150621032208/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/21/opinion/can-wikipedia-survive.html">存档</a>于2015-06-21）. <q>...the considerable and often-noted gender gap among Wikipedia editors; in 2011, less than 15 percent were women.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Can+Wikipedia+Survive%3F&rft.date=2015-06-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F06%2F21%2Fopinion%2Fcan-wikipedia-survive.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EditorSurveys-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EditorSurveys_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistics based on Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia editor surveys <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AEditor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf&page=1">2011</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140812211630/http://wikimediafoundation.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AEditor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf&page=1">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） (Nov. 2010-April 2011) and <a class="external text" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Editors_Survey_November_2011">November 2011</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160605124632/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Editors_Survey_November_2011">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） (April - October 2011)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PLOS-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PLOS_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PLOS_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hill, Benjamin Mako; Shaw, Aaron; Sánchez, Angel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782">The Wikipedia Gender Gap Revisited: Characterizing Survey Response Bias with Propensity Score Estimation</a>. PLoS ONE. 2013-06-26, <b>8</b> (6): e65782 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-11-23</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013PLoSO...865782H"><span title="Bibcode">Bibcode:2013PLoSO...865782H</span></a>. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3694126"><span title="公共医学中心">PMC 3694126</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23840366"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 23840366</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065782</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141214132622/http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782">存档</a>于2014-12-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=The+Wikipedia+Gender+Gap+Revisited%3A+Characterizing+Survey+Response+Bias+with+Propensity+Score+Estimation&rft.au=S%C3%A1nchez%2C+Angel&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Aaron&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+Mako&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.date=2013-06-26&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=PLoS+ONE&rft.pages=e65782&rft.volume=8&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3694126&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plosone.org%2Farticle%2Finfo%253Adoi%252F10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0065782&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013PLoSO...865782H&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0065782&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23840366&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen110130-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen110130_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen110130_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Cohen, Noam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html">Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia's Contributor List</a>. New York Times. 2011-01-30 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-01-31</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110203043906/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html">存档</a>于2011-02-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Define+Gender+Gap%3F+Look+Up+Wikipedia%27s+Contributor+List&rft.aufirst=Noam&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.date=2011-01-30&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F31%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F31link.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Reagle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Reagle（页面不存在）">Reagle, Joseph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150520205049/http://firstmonday.org/article/view/4291/3381"><span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Free as in sexist?": Free culture and the gender gap</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Monday_(journal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Monday (journal)（页面不存在）">First Monday</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-10-10</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://firstmonday.org/article/view/4291/3381">原始内容</a>存档于2015-05-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=%22Free+as+in+sexist%3F%22%3A+Free+culture+and+the+gender+gap&rft.au=Reagle%2C+Joseph&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=First+Monday&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffirstmonday.org%2Farticle%2Fview%2F4291%2F3381&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><b>10.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><b>10.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-2"><sup><b>10.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Jonathan T. Morgan; Siko Bouterse; Sarah Stierch; Heather Walls. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105195335/http://dub.washington.edu/djangosite/media/papers/morgan_cscw2013_final.pdf">Tea & Sympathy: Crafting Positive New User Experiences on Wikipedia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Wikimedia Foundation. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dub.washington.edu/djangosite/media/papers/morgan_cscw2013_final.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2014-11-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.au=Heather+Walls&rft.au=Jonathan+T.+Morgan&rft.au=Sarah+Stierch&rft.au=Siko+Bouterse&rft.btitle=Tea+%26+Sympathy%3A+Crafting+Positive+New+User+Experiences+on+Wikipedia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Wikimedia+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdub.washington.edu%2Fdjangosite%2Fmedia%2Fpapers%2Fmorgan_cscw2013_final.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTparticipation-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTparticipation_11-0"><sup><b>11.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTparticipation_11-1"><sup><b>11.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html">Wikipedia Ponders Its Gender-Skewed Contributions - NYTimes.com</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110203043906/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html">存档</a>于2011-02-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Wikipedia+Ponders+Its+Gender-Skewed+Contributions+-+NYTimes.com&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F31%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2F31link.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clubhouse-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clubhouse_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~lam/papers/wp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf">WP:Clubhouse? An Exploration of Wikipedia’s Gender Imbalance</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-11-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150418072510/http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~lam/papers/wp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2015-04-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=WP%3AClubhouse%3F+An+Exploration+of+Wikipedia%E2%80%99s+Gender+Imbalance&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-users.cs.umn.edu%2F~lam%2Fpapers%2Fwp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WPSurvey2010-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WPSurvey2010_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100414165445/http://wikipediasurvey.org/docs/Wikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf">Wikipedia Survey: Overview Results</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. March 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-11</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikipediasurvey.org/docs/Wikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2010-04-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Wikipedia+Survey%3A+Overview+Results&rft.date=2010-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikipediasurvey.org%2Fdocs%2FWikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WhereAretheWomen-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WhereAretheWomen_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia">Where Are the Women in Wikipedia?</a>. New York Times. 2011-02-02 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715112226/http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia">存档</a>于2014-07-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Where+Are+the+Women+in+Wikipedia%3F&rft.date=2011-02-02&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Froomfordebate%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Fwhere-are-the-women-in-wikipedia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herring110204-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Herring110204_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Herring, Susan C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/communication-styles-make-a-difference">Communication Styles Make a Difference</a>. New York Times (opinion). 2011-02-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140724050237/http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/communication-styles-make-a-difference">存档</a>于2014-07-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Communication+Styles+Make+a+Difference&rft.aufirst=Susan+C.&rft.aulast=Herring&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Froomfordebate%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Fwhere-are-the-women-in-wikipedia%2Fcommunication-styles-make-a-difference&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagle110204-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagle110204_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Reagle, Joseph M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/open-doesnt-include-everyone"><span style="padding-left:0.2em;">'</span>Open' Doesn't Include Everyone</a>. New York Times (opinion). 2011-02-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715113229/http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/open-doesnt-include-everyone">存档</a>于2014-07-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=%27Open%27+Doesn%27t+Include+Everyone&rft.aufirst=Joseph+M.&rft.aulast=Reagle&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Froomfordebate%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Fwhere-are-the-women-in-wikipedia%2Fopen-doesnt-include-everyone&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cassell110204-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cassell110204_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Cassell, Justine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/a-culture-of-editing-wars">Editing Wars Behind the Scenes</a>. New York Times (opinion). 2011-02-04. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170227113525/http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia/a-culture-of-editing-wars">存档</a>于2017-02-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Editing+Wars+Behind+the+Scenes&rft.aufirst=Justine&rft.aulast=Cassell&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Froomfordebate%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Fwhere-are-the-women-in-wikipedia%2Fa-culture-of-editing-wars&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reagle-Rhue-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reagle-Rhue_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Reagle, Joseph; Rhue, Lauren. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322081809/http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/777/631">Gender Bias in Wikipedia and <i>Britannica</i></a>. International Journal of Communication (Joseph Reagle & Lauren Rhue). 2011, <b>5</b>: 1138–1158. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/777/631">原始内容</a>存档于2016-03-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Gender+Bias+in+Wikipedia+and+Britannica&rft.au=Rhue%2C+Lauren&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.aulast=Reagle&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Communication&rft.pages=1138-1158&rft.volume=5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fijoc.org%2Findex.php%2Fijoc%2Farticle%2FviewFile%2F777%2F631&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WES2011-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WES2011_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Editor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf">Wikipedia Editors Study: Results From <i>The Editor Survey, April 2011</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">Wikipedia</a>. April 2011 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-05-18</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141226041321/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Editor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2014-12-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+Editors+Study%3A+Results+From+The+Editor+Survey%2C+April+2011&rft.date=2011-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2F7%2F76%2FEditor_Survey_Report_-_April_2011.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WPClubhouse-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WPClubhouse_20-0"><sup><b>20.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WPClubhouse_20-1"><sup><b>20.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation conference">Lam, Shyong K.; Uduwage, Anuradha; Dong, Zhenhua; Sen, Shilad; Musicant, David R.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loren_Terveen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loren Terveen（页面不存在）">Terveen, Loren</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_T._Riedl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John T. Riedl（页面不存在）">Reidl, John</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029232437/http://files.grouplens.org/papers/wp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf">WP:Clubhouse? An Exploration of Wikipedia’s Gender Imbalance</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisym.org/ws2011/">WikiSym'11</a>. ACM. October 2011 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-25</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.grouplens.org/papers/wp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2013-10-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.au=Dong%2C+Zhenhua&rft.au=Musicant%2C+David+R.&rft.au=Reidl%2C+John&rft.au=Sen%2C+Shilad&rft.au=Terveen%2C+Loren&rft.au=Uduwage%2C+Anuradha&rft.aufirst=Shyong+K.&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.btitle=WP%3AClubhouse%3F+An+Exploration+of+Wikipedia%E2%80%99s+Gender+Imbalance&rft.date=2011-10&rft.genre=conference&rft.pub=ACM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.grouplens.org%2Fpapers%2Fwp-gender-wikisym2011.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hargittai, Eszter; Shaw, Aaron. Mind the skills gap: the role of Internet know-how and gender in differentiated contributions to Wikipedia. Information, Communication & Society. 2014-11-04, <b>18</b>: 1–19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1369118X.2014.957711"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1080/1369118X.2014.957711</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Mind+the+skills+gap%3A+the+role+of+Internet+know-how+and+gender+in+differentiated+contributions+to+Wikipedia&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Aaron&rft.aufirst=Eszter&rft.aulast=Hargittai&rft.date=2014-11-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information%2C+Communication+%26+Society&rft.pages=1-19&rft.volume=18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1369118X.2014.957711&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bruce Maiman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140923224639/http://www.sacbee.com/2014/09/23/6727564/bruce-maiman-wikipedia-grows-up.html">Wikipedia grows up on college campuses</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Sacramento_Bee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Sacramento Bee（页面不存在）">The Sacramento Bee</a>. 2014-09-23 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-09-23</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacbee.com/2014/09/23/6727564/bruce-maiman-wikipedia-grows-up.html">原始内容</a>存档于2014-09-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Wikipedia+grows+up+on+college+campuses&rft.au=Bruce+Maiman&rft.date=2014-09-23&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sacramento+Bee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacbee.com%2F2014%2F09%2F23%2F6727564%2Fbruce-maiman-wikipedia-grows-up.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Shane-Simpson, Christina; Gillespie-Lynch, Kristen. Examining potential mechanisms underlying the Wikipedia gender gap through a collaborative editing task. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Computers_in_Human_Behavior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Computers in Human Behavior（页面不存在）">Computers in Human Behavior</a>. January 2017, <b>66</b>: 312–328. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chb.2016.09.043"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.043</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Examining+potential+mechanisms+underlying+the+Wikipedia+gender+gap+through+a+collaborative+editing+task&rft.au=Gillespie-Lynch%2C+Kristen&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.aulast=Shane-Simpson&rft.date=2017-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Human+Behavior&rft.pages=312-328&rft.volume=66&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chb.2016.09.043&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ford, Heather; Wajcman, Judy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/68675/">‘Anyone can edit’, not everyone does: Wikipedia and the gender gap</a>. Social Studies of Science. 2017 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-25</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161228081909/http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/68675/">存档</a>于2016-12-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=%E2%80%98Anyone+can+edit%E2%80%99%2C+not+everyone+does%3A+Wikipedia+and+the+gender+gap&rft.au=Wajcman%2C+Judy&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Studies+of+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.lse.ac.uk%2F68675%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gardner110219-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gardner110219_25-0"><sup><b>25.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gardner110219_25-1"><sup><b>25.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Gardner, Sue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150718103642/http://suegardner.org/2011/02/19/nine-reasons-why-women-dont-edit-wikipedia-in-their-own-words/">Nine Reasons Why Women Don't Edit Wikipedia, In Their Own Words</a>. suegardner.org (blog). 2011-02-19. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://suegardner.org/2011/02/19/nine-reasons-why-women-dont-edit-wikipedia-in-their-own-words/">原始内容</a>存档于2015-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Nine+Reasons+Why+Women+Don%27t+Edit+Wikipedia%2C+In+Their+Own+Words&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.date=2011-02-19&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=suegardner.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsuegardner.org%2F2011%2F02%2F19%2Fnine-reasons-why-women-dont-edit-wikipedia-in-their-own-words%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Signpost-2013-07-31-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Signpost-2013-07-31_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Yasseri, Taha; Liao, Han-Teng; Konieczny, Piotr; Morgan, Jonathan; Bayer, Tilman. <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2013-07-31/Recent_research">Recent research — Napoleon, Michael Jackson and Srebrenica across cultures, 90% of Wikipedia better than Britannica, WikiSym preview</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%AE%80%E8%AE%AF" title="Wikipedia:维基简讯">The Signpost</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">Wikipedia</a>. 2013-07-31 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150617074727/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2013-07-31/Recent_research">存档</a>于2015-06-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Recent+research+%E2%80%94+Napoleon%2C+Michael+Jackson+and+Srebrenica+across+cultures%2C+90%25+of+Wikipedia+better+than+Britannica%2C+WikiSym+preview&rft.au=Bayer%2C+Tilman&rft.au=Konieczny%2C+Piotr&rft.au=Liao%2C+Han-Teng&rft.au=Morgan%2C+Jonathan&rft.aufirst=Taha&rft.aulast=Yasseri&rft.date=2013-07-31&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Signpost&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AWikipedia_Signpost%2F2013-07-31%2FRecent_research&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyDotStierch-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DailyDotStierch_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703203120/http://www.dailydot.com/society/wikipedia-gender-gap-sarah-stierch/">The women of Wikipedia: Closing the site's giant gender gap</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailydot.com/society/wikipedia-gender-gap-sarah-stierch/">原始内容</a>存档于2015-07-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=The+women+of+Wikipedia%3A+Closing+the+site%26%2339%3Bs+giant+gender+gap&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailydot.com%2Fsociety%2Fwikipedia-gender-gap-sarah-stierch%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CSM-misogyny-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CSM-misogyny_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0801/In-UK-rising-chorus-of-outrage-over-online-misogyny">In UK, rising chorus of outrage over online misogyny</a>. CSMonitor.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150704200524/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0801/In-UK-rising-chorus-of-outrage-over-online-misogyny">存档</a>于2015-07-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=In+UK%2C+rising+chorus+of+outrage+over+online+misogyny&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CSMonitor.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FWorld%2FSecurity-Watch%2FBackchannels%2F2013%2F0801%2FIn-UK-rising-chorus-of-outrage-over-online-misogyny&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Harrington, Elizabeth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freebeacon.com/issues/government-funded-study-why-is-wikipedia-sexist/">Government-Funded Study: Why Is Wikipedia Sexist?</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E7%9B%9B%E9%A1%BF%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94" title="华盛顿自由灯塔">Washington Free Beacon</a>. 2014-07-30 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-07-31</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140801062009/http://freebeacon.com/issues/government-funded-study-why-is-wikipedia-sexist/">存档</a>于2014-08-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Government-Funded+Study%3A+Why+Is+Wikipedia+Sexist%3F&rft.au=Harrington%2C+Elizabeth&rft.date=2014-07-30&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Free+Beacon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreebeacon.com%2Fissues%2Fgovernment-funded-study-why-is-wikipedia-sexist%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/15/wikipedia-gender-racial-bias_n_7054550.html">Editors Are Trying To Fix Wikipedia's Gender And Racial Bias Problem</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113210009/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/15/wikipedia-gender-racial-bias_n_7054550.html">存档</a>于2016-01-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Editors+Are+Trying+To+Fix+Wikipedia%27s+Gender+And+Racial+Bias+Problem&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2015%2F04%2F15%2Fwikipedia-gender-racial-bias_n_7054550.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.syr.edu/project-aims-to-raise-profile-of-women-architects-on-wikipedia-64442/">Project Aims to Raise Profile of Women Architects on Wikipedia</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113205919/http://news.syr.edu/project-aims-to-raise-profile-of-women-architects-on-wikipedia-64442/">存档</a>于2016-01-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Project+Aims+to+Raise+Profile+of+Women+Architects+on+Wikipedia&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.syr.edu%2Fproject-aims-to-raise-profile-of-women-architects-on-wikipedia-64442%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concordia.ca/cunews/main/stories/2015/04/29/wikipedia-important-learning-tool.html">Does academia have a place on Wikipedia?</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113205831/http://www.concordia.ca/cunews/main/stories/2015/04/29/wikipedia-important-learning-tool.html">存档</a>于2016-01-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.btitle=Does+academia+have+a+place+on+Wikipedia%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.concordia.ca%2Fcunews%2Fmain%2Fstories%2F2015%2F04%2F29%2Fwikipedia-important-learning-tool.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_33-0"><sup><b>33.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_33-1"><sup><b>33.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Huang, Keira (11 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1295872/wikipedia-fails-bridge-gender-gap">"Wikipedia fails to bridge gender gap"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190724062100/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1295872/wikipedia-fails-bridge-gender-gap">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i>South China Morning Post</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://femtechnet.newschool.edu/wikistorming/">"Wikistorming"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150717034630/http://femtechnet.newschool.edu/wikistorming/">存檔</a>，存档日期2015-07-17.. <i>FemTechNet</i>. Fall 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mac Donald, Heather (9 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2011/02/wikipedia_is_maledominated_that_doesnt_mean_its_sexist.html">"Wikipedia Is Male-Dominated. That Doesn't Mean It's Sexist."</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150107205929/http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2011/02/wikipedia_is_maledominated_that_doesnt_mean_its_sexist.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">Slate</a></i>. Retrieved 7 January 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-28701772">Wikipedia 'completely failed' to fix gender imbalance</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161229004148/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-28701772">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, <a href="/wiki/BBC" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC">BBC</a> interview with <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a>, 8 August 2014; starting at 45 seconds.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hard-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hard_37-0"><sup><b>37.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hard_37-1"><sup><b>37.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Adams, Kimberly; Alvardo, Jesus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/why-its-so-hard-for-biographies-about-women-to-stay-on-wikipedia">Why it's so hard for biographies about women to stay on Wikipedia</a>. Marketplace. 2021-07-27 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-08-03</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220317061507/https://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace-tech/why-its-so-hard-for-biographies-about-women-to-stay-on-wikipedia/">存档</a>于2022-03-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Why+it%27s+so+hard+for+biographies+about+women+to+stay+on+Wikipedia&rft.au=Alvardo%2C+Jesus&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.date=2021-07-27&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketplace.org%2Fshows%2Fmarketplace-tech%2Fwhy-its-so-hard-for-biographies-about-women-to-stay-on-wikipedia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Emerging Technology from the arXiv. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/534616/computational-linguistics-reveals-how-wikipedia-articles-are-biased-against-women/">Computational Linguistics Reveals How Wikipedia Articles Are Biased Against Women</a>. MIT Technology Review. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-08-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170927024309/https://www.technologyreview.com/s/534616/computational-linguistics-reveals-how-wikipedia-articles-are-biased-against-women/">存档</a>于2017-09-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Computational+Linguistics+Reveals+How+Wikipedia+Articles+Are+Biased+Against+Women&rft.au=Emerging+Technology+from+the+arXiv&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MIT+Technology+Review&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.technologyreview.com%2Fs%2F534616%2Fcomputational-linguistics-reveals-how-wikipedia-articles-are-biased-against-women%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianAugust2014-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GuardianAugust2014_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E5%A0%B1" title="衛報">衛報</a></i> 2014 (London) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/07/guardian-view-wikipedia-evolving-truth">The Guardian view on Wikipedia: evolving truth</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112212758/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/07/guardian-view-wikipedia-evolving-truth">存檔</a>，存档日期2016-11-12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Toor, Amar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/7/15/3160926/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-gender-gap-kate-middleton-wedding-dress">Jimmy Wales, Mary Gardiner address Wikipedia's gender gap at Wikimania conference</a>. The Verge. 2012-07-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-06-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170708195532/https://www.theverge.com/2012/7/15/3160926/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-gender-gap-kate-middleton-wedding-dress">存档</a>于2017-07-08） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Wales%2C+Mary+Gardiner+address+Wikipedia%27s+gender+gap+at+Wikimania+conference&rft.aufirst=Amar&rft.aulast=Toor&rft.date=2012-07-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F7%2F15%2F3160926%2Fjimmy-wales-wikipedia-gender-gap-kate-middleton-wedding-dress&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/what-has-wikipedia-s-army-of-volunteer-editors-got-against-kate-middleton-s-wedding-gown-8050397.html">What has Wikipedia’s army of volunteer editors got against Kate</a>. The Independent. 2012-08-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-06-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230622152345/https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/what-has-wikipedia-s-army-of-volunteer-editors-got-against-kate-middleton-s-wedding-gown-8050397.html">存档</a>于2023-06-22） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=What+has+Wikipedia%E2%80%99s+army+of+volunteer+editors+got+against+Kate&rft.date=2012-08-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Ftech%2Fwhat-has-wikipedia-s-army-of-volunteer-editors-got-against-kate-middleton-s-wedding-gown-8050397.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201810040385.aspx">諾貝爾物理獎女得主曾遭維基百科拒絕建檔[影]</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-04-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210107163045/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201810040385.aspx">存档</a>于2021-01-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E7%8D%8E%E5%A5%B3%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB+%E6%9B%BE%E9%81%AD%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%8B%92%E7%B5%95%E5%BB%BA%E6%AA%94%5B%E5%BD%B1%5D&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cna.com.tw%2Fnews%2Ffirstnews%2F201810040385.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stoeffel (11 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/closing-wikipedias-gender-gap-reluctantly.html">"Closing Wikipedia’s Gender Gap — Reluctantly"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140902160836/http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/closing-wikipedias-gender-gap-reluctantly.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Magazine">New York Magazine</a></i>. Retrieved 27 August 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/lifestyle/2015/05/wikipedia-has-colossal-problem-women-dont-edit-it">"The Wikipedia wars: does it matter if our biggest source of knowledge is written by men?"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150602222518/http://www.newstatesman.com/lifestyle/2015/05/wikipedia-has-colossal-problem-women-dont-edit-it">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i>newstatesman.com</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/08/18/class_war_wikipedias_workers_revolt_after_bourgeois_papershufflers_suspend_democracy/">"Class war! Wikipedia's workers revolt again • The Register"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170728072845/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/08/18/class_war_wikipedias_workers_revolt_after_bourgeois_papershufflers_suspend_democracy/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Reg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Reg（页面不存在）">El Reg</a>. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2012/07/13/kate_middleton_s_wedding_gown_and_wikipedia_s_gender_gap_.html">"Kate Middleton's wedding gown and Wikipedia's gender gap."</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20141203174753/http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2012/07/13/kate_middleton_s_wedding_gown_and_wikipedia_s_gender_gap_.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. 13 July 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dub.washington.edu/pubs/364">"Tea & Sympathy: Crafting Positive New User Experiences on Wikipedia"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150209213415/http://dub.washington.edu/pubs/364">存檔</a>，存档日期2015-02-09.. <i>washington.edu</i>. Proc. CSCW ‘13, 23–27 February 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paling, Emma, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/">How Wikipedia Is Hostile to Women</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190730164156/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）", <i><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="大西洋 (雜誌)">The Atlantic</a></i>, 21 October 2015 (subscription or advertising required)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Wikipedia_is_pushing_the_boundaries_of_scholarly_practice_but_the_gender_gap_must_be_addressed" class="extiw" title="s:en:Wikipedia is pushing the boundaries of scholarly practice but the gender gap must be addressed">en:Wikipedia is pushing the boundaries of scholarly practice but the gender gap must be addressed</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gender_bias_on_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gender bias on Wikipedia"><span style="font-weight:bold;">維基百科的性別偏誤</span></a></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="媒体报道"><span id=".E5.AA.92.E4.BD.93.E6.8A.A5.E9.81.93"></span>媒体报道</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：媒体报道"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation journal">Bort, Julie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/growing-army-of-women-take-on-wikipedia-2014-2">A Growing Army Of Women Are Taking On Wikipedia's Sexism Problem</a>. Business Insider. 2014-02-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140831073457/http://www.businessinsider.com/growing-army-of-women-take-on-wikipedia-2014-2">存档</a>于2014-08-31）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=A+Growing+Army+Of+Women+Are+Taking+On+Wikipedia%27s+Sexism+Problem&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.aulast=Bort&rft.date=2014-02-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fgrowing-army-of-women-take-on-wikipedia-2014-2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation news">Filipacchi, Amanda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/28/opinion/sunday/wikipedias-sexism-toward-female-novelists.html">Wikipedia's Sexism Toward Women Novelists</a>. New York Times (op-ed). 2013-04-24. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151015155304/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/28/opinion/sunday/wikipedias-sexism-toward-female-novelists.html">存档</a>于2015-10-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Wikipedia%27s+Sexism+Toward+Women+Novelists&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.aulast=Filipacchi&rft.date=2013-04-24&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F04%2F28%2Fopinion%2Fsunday%2Fwikipedias-sexism-toward-female-novelists.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Filipacchi, Amanda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/04/sexism-on-wikipedia-is-not-the-work-of-a-single-misguided-editor/275405/">Sexism on Wikipedia Is Not the Work of 'a Single Misguided Editor<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span></a>. The Atlantic (Atlantic Monthly Group). 2013-04-30 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140915181328/http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/04/sexism-on-wikipedia-is-not-the-work-of-a-single-misguided-editor/275405/">存档</a>于2014-09-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Sexism+on+Wikipedia+Is+Not+the+Work+of+%27a+Single+Misguided+Editor%27&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.aulast=Filipacchi&rft.date=2013-04-30&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fsexes%2Farchive%2F2013%2F04%2Fsexism-on-wikipedia-is-not-the-work-of-a-single-misguided-editor%2F275405%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Gleick, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2013/apr/29/wikipedia-women-problem/">Wikipedia's Women Problem</a>. New York Review of Books (NYREV). 2013-04-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-11-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105144556/http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2013/apr/29/wikipedia-women-problem/">存档</a>于2013-11-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Wikipedia%27s+Women+Problem&rft.aufirst=James&rft.aulast=Gleick&rft.date=2013-04-29&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Fblogs%2Fnyrblog%2F2013%2Fapr%2F29%2Fwikipedia-women-problem%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Kloppenburg, Julia; Buchem, Ilona; Ducki, Antje; Khayati, Sarah; Weichert, Nils. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ChartingDiversity-WorkingTogetherTowardsDiversityInWikipedia">Charting Diversity: Working Together Towards Diversity in Wikipedia</a>. Berlin: Wikimedia Deutschland. 2014 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-9816799-0-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-9816799-0-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-9816799-0-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.au=Buchem%2C+Ilona&rft.au=Ducki%2C+Antje&rft.au=Khayati%2C+Sarah&rft.au=Weichert%2C+Nils&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.aulast=Kloppenburg&rft.btitle=Charting+Diversity%3A+Working+Together+Towards+Diversity+in+Wikipedia&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-9816799-0-8&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Wikimedia+Deutschland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FChartingDiversity-WorkingTogetherTowardsDiversityInWikipedia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation news">Knibbs, Kate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailydot.com/lifestyle/wikipedia-gender-bias-feminist-editors/">Chipping away at Wikipedia's gender bias, one article at a time</a>. The Daily Dot. 2014-02-10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-04-30</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502004456/http://www.dailydot.com/lifestyle/wikipedia-gender-bias-feminist-editors/">存档</a>于2014-05-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Chipping+away+at+Wikipedia%27s+gender+bias%2C+one+article+at+a+time&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.aulast=Knibbs&rft.date=2014-02-10&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Dot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailydot.com%2Flifestyle%2Fwikipedia-gender-bias-feminist-editors%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation news">Leonard, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/2013/04/29/wikipedias_shame/">Wikipedia’s shame: Sexism isn't the problem at the online encyclopedia. The real corruption is the lust for revenge.</a>. Salon Media Group. 2013-04-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430063012/http://www.salon.com/2013/04/29/wikipedias_shame/">存档</a>于2013-04-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Wikipedia%E2%80%99s+shame%3A+Sexism+isn%27t+the+problem+at+the+online+encyclopedia.+The+real+corruption+is+the+lust+for+revenge.&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.date=2013-04-29&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2013%2F04%2F29%2Fwikipedias_shame%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation news">Morris, Kevin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailydot.com/society/wikipedia-sexism-problem-sue-gardner/">Does Wikipedia's sexism problem really prove that the system works?</a>. The Daily Dot. 2013-05-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-11-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234201/http://www.dailydot.com/society/wikipedia-sexism-problem-sue-gardner/">存档</a>于2014-07-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Does+Wikipedia%27s+sexism+problem+really+prove+that+the+system+works%3F&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Dot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailydot.com%2Fsociety%2Fwikipedia-sexism-problem-sue-gardner%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Zandt, Deanna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/deannazandt/2013/04/26/yes-wikipedia-is-sexist-thats-why-it-needs-you/">Yes, Wikipedia is Sexist</a>. Forbes. 2013-04-26 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-11-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131030112854/http://www.forbes.com/sites/deannazandt/2013/04/26/yes-wikipedia-is-sexist-thats-why-it-needs-you/">存档</a>于2013-10-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Yes%2C+Wikipedia+is+Sexist&rft.aufirst=Deanna&rft.aulast=Zandt&rft.date=2013-04-26&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fdeannazandt%2F2013%2F04%2F26%2Fyes-wikipedia-is-sexist-thats-why-it-needs-you%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Zevallos, Zuleyka. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://othersociologist.com/2014/06/08/wikipedia-sexism-yesallwomen/">Sexism on Wikipedia: Why the #YesAllWomen Edits Matter</a>. othersociologist.com. Zuleyka Zevallos. 2014-06-08 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150206080201/http://othersociologist.com/2014/06/08/wikipedia-sexism-yesallwomen/">存档</a>于2015-02-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Sexism+on+Wikipedia%3A+Why+the+%23YesAllWomen+Edits+Matter&rft.aufirst=Zuleyka&rft.aulast=Zevallos&rft.date=2014-06-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=othersociologist.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fothersociologist.com%2F2014%2F06%2F08%2Fwikipedia-sexism-yesallwomen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia">Where Are the Women in Wikipedia?</a>. New York Times. 2011-02-02 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715112226/http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/02/02/where-are-the-women-in-wikipedia">存档</a>于2014-07-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=Where+Are+the+Women+in+Wikipedia%3F&rft.date=2011-02-02&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Froomfordebate%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Fwhere-are-the-women-in-wikipedia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> - Introduction and links to eight opinions.</li> <li><cite class="citation news">Paling, Emma. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151021174625/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/">How Wikipedia Is Hostile to Women</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="大西洋 (雜誌)">The Atlantic</a>. 2015-10-21 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-10-21</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/">原始内容</a>存档于2015-10-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=How+Wikipedia+Is+Hostile+to+Women&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.aulast=Paling&rft.date=2015-10-21&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Ftechnology%2Farchive%2F2015%2F10%2Fhow-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women%2F411619%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="研究与建议"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E4.B8.8E.E5.BB.BA.E8.AE.AE"></span>研究与建议</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：研究与建议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web">Glott, Ruediger; Schmidt, Philipp; Ghosh, Rishab. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100414165445/http://wikipediasurvey.org/docs/Wikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf">Wikipedia Survey: Overview Results</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. March 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-08-11</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikipediasurvey.org/docs/Wikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2010-04-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.au=Ghosh%2C+Rishab&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Philipp&rft.aufirst=Ruediger&rft.aulast=Glott&rft.btitle=Wikipedia+Survey%3A+Overview+Results&rft.date=2010-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wikipediasurvey.org%2Fdocs%2FWikipedia_Overview_15March2010-FINAL.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Tripp, Dawn Leonard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150209033907/http://anitaborg.org/news/blog/how-to-edit-wikipedia-lessons-from-a-female-contributor/">How to Edit Wikipedia: Lessons from a Female Contributor</a>. Anita Borg Institute. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-06</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anitaborg.org/news/blog/how-to-edit-wikipedia-lessons-from-a-female-contributor/">原始内容</a>存档于2015-02-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&rft.atitle=How+to+Edit+Wikipedia%3A+Lessons+from+a+Female+Contributor&rft.aufirst=Dawn+Leonard&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anita+Borg+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanitaborg.org%2Fnews%2Fblog%2Fhow-to-edit-wikipedia-lessons-from-a-female-contributor%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E5%81%8F%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/40px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/60px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/80px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">元維基有相關資訊：<b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gender_gap" class="extiw" title="meta:Category:Gender gap">性別落差</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/40px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/60px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/80px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">元維基有相關資訊：<b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Taiwan/A_Room_of_WikiWomen%27s_Own" class="extiw" title="meta:Wikimedia Taiwan/A Room of WikiWomen's Own">臺灣「薇姬的房間」</a></b></div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="Template talk:维基百科"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:维基百科"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="维基百科" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">维基百科概要</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA" title="維基">維基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%B6%89%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E7%9B%8A%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E7%9A%84%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF" title="對維基百科涉及利益衝突的編輯">利益衝突編輯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對維基百科的批評">批評</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E5%88%AA%E9%99%A4%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%9D%E7%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="維基百科的刪除主義和保留主義">刪除主義和保留主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E8%88%87%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6%E6%9F%A5%E6%A0%B8" title="維基百科與事實查核">事實查核</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">性別偏誤</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="維基百科的種族偏差" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Racial bias on Wikipedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%81%8F%E5%B7%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維基百科的種族偏差（页面不存在）">種族偏差</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_bias_on_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="en:Racial bias on Wikipedia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Racial bias on Wikipedia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E_(%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94)" title="中立的觀點 (維基媒體)">中立的觀點</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E5%BA%A6" title="维基百科的关注度">關注度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%80%A7" title="维基百科的可靠性">可靠性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="来源请求">来源请求</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E7%A0%B4%E5%9D%8F" title="对维基百科的破坏">破壞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="維基百科健康資訊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health information on Wikipedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維基百科健康資訊（页面不存在）">健康資訊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_on_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="en:Health information on Wikipedia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health information on Wikipedia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="维基人">維基社群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">百科運作</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%91%98_(%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91)" title="管理员 (维基百科)">管理員</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B2%E8%A3%81%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91)" title="仲裁委员会 (英语维基百科)">仲裁委員會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E6%9D%BE" title="编辑松">編輯松</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E6%AC%A1%E6%95%B0" title="编辑次数">编辑次数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Signpost" title="The Signpost">The Signpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%84%9B%E5%8F%A4%E8%B9%9F" title="維基愛古蹟">維基愛古蹟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E5%A5%B3%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="艺术与女权主义">艺术与女权主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="駐點維基人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wikipedian in residence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A7%90%E9%BB%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="駐點維基人（页面不存在）">駐點維基人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedian_in_residence" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedian in residence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wikipedian in residence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%A6%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA" title="年度維基人">年度維基人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" title="維基教育基金會">維基教育基金會</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="維基媒體運動">運動夥伴</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="維基媒體基金會">維基媒體基金會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%88%86%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="维基媒体分会列表">維基媒體分會</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="德國維基媒體協會">德國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="法國維基媒體協會">法國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="義大利維基媒體協會">義大利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="荷蘭維基媒體協會">荷蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="波蘭維基媒體協會">波蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="台灣維基媒體協會">台灣</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="香港維基媒體協會">香港</a></s>（已解散）</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="澳門維基媒體協會">澳門</a></s>（已撤銷承認）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Amical維基媒體" data-lang-code="ca" data-lang-name="加泰罗尼亚语" data-foreign-title="Amical Wikimedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amical%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amical維基媒體（页面不存在）">Amical</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">加泰罗尼亚语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amical_Wikimedia" class="extiw" title="ca:Amical Wikimedia"><span lang="ca" dir="auto">Amical Wikimedia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="維基媒體計劃">維基媒體計劃</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="元維基">元維基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="維基百科列表">維基百科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="維基詞典">維基詞典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基數據">維基數據</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書">維基教科書</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" class="mw-redirect" title="維基共享資源">維基共享資源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="維基新聞">維基新聞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E8%AA%9E%E9%8C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="維基語錄">維基語錄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="維基文庫">維基文庫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="維基物種">維基物種</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="維基學院">維基學院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%8E%E9%81%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基導遊">維基導遊</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="維基媒體國際會議">維基媒體國際會議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B9%B4%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="中文維基年會">中文維基年會</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維基百科人物列表（页面不存在）">列表</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E6%9C%97%E7%B5%B2%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%8D%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE" title="弗洛朗絲·德伍阿爾">弗洛朗絲·德伍阿爾</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奧斯卡·范·迪倫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oscar van Dillen"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%80%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧斯卡·范·迪倫（页面不存在）">奧斯卡·范·迪倫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_van_Dillen" class="extiw" title="en:Oscar van Dillen"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oscar van Dillen</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7%E7%B4%8D" title="蘇·加德納">蘇·加德納</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="詹姆斯·海爾曼">詹姆斯·海爾曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E7%91%9F%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="凯瑟琳·马赫">凱薩琳·馬赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="玛丽安娜·伊斯坎德尔">玛丽安娜·伊斯坎德尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%A0%BC%E5%8A%AA%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" title="马格努斯·曼斯克">馬格努斯·曼斯克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%BB%98%E5%8B%92" title="埃里克·默勒">埃里克·默勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%A1%91%E6%A0%BC" title="拉里·桑格">拉里·桑格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%88%97%E5%AD%A3%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB" title="莱拉·特列季科夫">莱拉·特列季科夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="吉米·威爾斯">吉米·威爾斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%90%89%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E7%B5%B2%E8%95%BE%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%9E%97" title="安吉拉·貝絲蕾·斯塔林">安吉拉·貝絲蕾·斯塔林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E7%91%9C%E7%9C%9F" title="許瑜真">許瑜真</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9C%86_(%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93)" title="陈霆 (维基媒体)">陳霆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%90%98%E9%8A%98" title="王鐘銘">王鐘銘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E7%A9%8E_(%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6)" title="陳穎 (作家)">陳穎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E9%81%A0_(%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%BA)" title="張遠 (維基人)">張遠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E6%99%AE" title="贾斯汀·纳普">賈斯汀·納普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomis" title="Bomis">提姆·謝爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%AB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="麥可·斯諾">麥可·斯諾</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="邁克·戈德溫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mike Godwin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%BE%B7%E6%B8%A9" title="迈克·戈德温">邁克·戈德溫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Godwin" class="extiw" title="en:Mike Godwin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mike Godwin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF" title="埃文·阿莫斯">埃文·阿莫斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E5%A1%94%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE" title="巴塞爾·哈爾塔比爾">巴塞爾·哈爾塔比爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%88%E5%AE%89%E6%B2%BB" title="酈安治">酈安治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%91%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="麥康瑞">麥康瑞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%90" title="西蒙·普爾西斐">西蒙·普爾西斐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E8%8C%A8" title="亚伦·斯沃茨">亞倫·斯沃茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%99%BB%E6%9F%AF" title="伊霍爾·柯斯登柯">伊霍爾·柯斯登柯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E9%B3%B3" title="唐鳳">唐鳳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%80" class="mw-redirect" title="加特·沃爾什">加特·沃爾什</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF" title="雷米·马蒂斯">雷米·馬蒂斯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞倫·哈爾費克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aaron Halfaker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E8%B2%BB%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞倫·哈爾費克（页面不存在）">亞倫·哈爾費克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Halfaker" class="extiw" title="en:Aaron Halfaker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aaron Halfaker</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%95%99%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E5%B0%BC%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B" title="达留斯·耶米尔尼阿克">达留斯·耶米尔尼阿克</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="漢普頓·凱特林" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hampton Catlin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BC%A2%E6%99%AE%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E7%89%B9%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="漢普頓·凱特林（页面不存在）">漢普頓·凱特林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton_Catlin" class="extiw" title="en:Hampton Catlin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hampton Catlin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="達斯·庫珀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Danese Cooper"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E7%8F%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="達斯·庫珀（页面不存在）">達斯·庫珀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danese_Cooper" class="extiw" title="en:Danese Cooper"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Danese Cooper</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比夏漢·達塔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bishakha Datta"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%A4%8F%E6%BC%A2%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%A1%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比夏漢·達塔（页面不存在）">比夏漢·達塔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishakha_Datta" class="extiw" title="en:Bishakha Datta"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bishakha Datta</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞倫·格斯里" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arnnon Geshuri"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞倫·格斯里（页面不存在）">亞倫·格斯里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnnon_Geshuri" class="extiw" title="en:Arnnon Geshuri"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arnnon Geshuri</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E4%BC%8A%C2%B7%E5%B7%9D%E5%B4%8E" title="盖伊·川崎">盖伊·川崎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路爾斯·比利亞" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Luis Villa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路爾斯·比利亞（页面不存在）">路爾斯·比利亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Villa" class="extiw" title="en:Luis Villa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Luis Villa</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E5%9D%A6%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE-%E4%BC%8D%E5%BE%B7" title="埃米莉·坦普爾-伍德">埃米莉·坦普尔-伍德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A7%86%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%A5%96%E5%B0%BC" title="埃姆娜·米祖尼">艾穆娜·米祖尼</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="山田晴通" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="山田晴通"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%B1%E7%94%B0%E6%99%B4%E9%80%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="山田晴通（页面不存在）">山田晴通</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E7%94%B0%E6%99%B4%E9%80%9A" class="extiw" title="ja:山田晴通"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">山田晴通</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="马克·伯恩斯坦">马克·伯恩斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%83" title="帕维尔·佩尔尼考">帕维尔·佩尔尼考</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94_(%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%BC%96%E8%80%85)" title="贾森·穆尔 (维基百科编者)">贾森·穆尔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫莉·怀特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Molly White (writer)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E6%80%80%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫莉·怀特（页面不存在）">莫莉·怀特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molly_White_(writer)" class="extiw" title="en:Molly White (writer)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Molly White (writer)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="维基百科历史">百科歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">發展歷程</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bomis" title="Bomis">Bomis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nupedia" title="Nupedia">Nupedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%A8%99%E8%AA%8C" title="維基百科標誌">維基百科標誌</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="DDL intercettazioni" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="DDL intercettazioni"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DDL_intercettazioni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DDL intercettazioni（页面不存在）">DDL intercettazioni</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDL_intercettazioni" class="extiw" title="en:DDL intercettazioni"><span lang="en" dir="auto">DDL intercettazioni</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91#2011年大规模空白抗议" title="義大利語維基百科">2011年義大利語維基百科大規模空白抗議</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E6%AD%A2%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E7%9B%9C%E7%89%88%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="禁止網路盜版法案">禁止網路盜版法案</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E8%B2%A1%E7%94%A2%E6%AC%8A%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="保護智慧財產權法案">保護智慧財產權法案</a> <ul><li><a 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title="en:Digital Universe"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital Universe</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everipedia" title="Everipedia">Everipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A%E9%92%88%E5%AF%B9%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8#求闻百科" title="2021年维基媒体基金会针对中文维基百科的行动">求闻百科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%BD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="偽基百科">偽基百科</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Nonciclopedia" data-lang-code="it" data-lang-name="義大利語" data-foreign-title="Nonciclopedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonciclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonciclopedia（页面不存在）">意大利语版</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">義大利語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonciclopedia" class="extiw" title="it:Nonciclopedia"><span lang="it" dir="auto">Nonciclopedia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Vikidia" data-lang-code="fr" data-lang-name="法语" data-foreign-title="Vikidia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikidia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vikidia（页面不存在）">Vikidia</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">法语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikidia" class="extiw" title="fr:Vikidia"><span lang="fr" dir="auto">Vikidia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Veropedia" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Veropedia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veropedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veropedia（页面不存在）">Veropedia</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span 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