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apportionment</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: source apportionment"> <meta name="keywords" content="source apportionment"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="source apportionment"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4636</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: source apportionment</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4636</span> The Role of the Injured Party's Fault in the Apportionment of Damages in Tort Law: A Comparative-Historical Study between Common Law and Islamic Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Tavakoli%20Nia">Alireza Tavakoli Nia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to understand the role of the injured party's fault in dividing liability, we studied its historical background. In common law, the traditional contributory negligence rule was a complete defense. Then the legislature and judicial procedure modified that rule to one of apportionment. In Islamic law, too, the Action rule was at first used when the injured party was the sole cause, but jurists expanded the scope of this rule, so this rule was used in cases where both the injured party's fault and that of the other party are involved. There are some popular approaches for apportionment of damages. Some common law countries like Britain had chosen ‘the causal potency approach’ and ‘fixed apportionment’. Islamic countries like Iran have chosen both ‘the relative blameworthiness’ and ‘equal apportionment’ approaches. The article concludes that both common law and Islamic law believe in the division of responsibility between a wrongdoer claimant and the defendant. In contrast, in the apportionment of responsibility, Islamic law mostly believes in equal apportionment that is way easier and saves time and money, but common law legal systems have chosen the causal potency approach, which is more complicated than the rival approach but is fairer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contributory%20negligence" title="contributory negligence">contributory negligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tort%20law" title=" tort law"> tort law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20apportionment" title=" damage apportionment"> damage apportionment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common%20law" title=" common law"> common law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20law" title=" Islamic law "> Islamic law </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138280/the-role-of-the-injured-partys-fault-in-the-apportionment-of-damages-in-tort-law-a-comparative-historical-study-between-common-law-and-islamic-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4635</span> Estimation of PM2.5 Emissions and Source Apportionment Using Receptor and Dispersion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Priya%20Darshini%20Thammadi">Swetha Priya Darshini Thammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sateesh%20Kumar%20Pisini"> Sateesh Kumar Pisini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar%20Shukla"> Sanjay Kumar Shukla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Source apportionment using Dispersion model depends primarily on the quality of Emission Inventory. In the present study, a CMB receptor model has been used to identify the sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, while the AERMOD dispersion model has been used to account for missing sources of PM<sub>2.5 </sub>in the Emission Inventory. A statistical approach has been developed to quantify the missing sources not considered in the Emission Inventory. The inventory of each grid was improved by adjusting emissions based on road lengths and deficit in measured and modelled concentrations. The results showed that in CMB analyses, fugitive sources - soil and road dust - contribute significantly to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution. As a result, AERMOD significantly underestimated the ambient air concentration at most locations. The revised Emission Inventory showed a significant improvement in AERMOD performance which is evident through statistical tests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMB" title="CMB">CMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AERMOD" title=" AERMOD"> AERMOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM%E2%82%82.%E2%82%85" title=" PM₂.₅"> PM₂.₅</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fugitive" title=" fugitive"> fugitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20inventory" title=" emission inventory"> emission inventory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95921/estimation-of-pm25-emissions-and-source-apportionment-using-receptor-and-dispersion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4634</span> Two Component Source Apportionment Based on Absorption and Size Distribution Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tibor%20Ajtai">Tibor Ajtai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=No%C3%A9mi%20Utry"> Noémi Utry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1t%C3%A9%20Pint%C3%A9r"> Máté Pintér</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%A1bor%20Szab%C3%B3"> Gábor Szabó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zolt%C3%A1n%20Boz%C3%B3ki"> Zoltán Bozóki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Beyond its climate and health related issues ambient light absorbing carbonaceous particulate matter (LAC) has also become a great scientific interest in terms of its regulations recently. It has been experimentally demonstrated in recent studies, that LAC is dominantly composed of traffic and wood burning aerosol particularly under wintertime urban conditions, when the photochemical and biological activities are negligible. Several methods have been introduced to quantitatively apportion aerosol fractions emitted by wood burning and traffic but most of them require costly and time consuming off-line chemical analysis. As opposed to chemical features, the microphysical properties of airborne particles such as optical absorption and size distribution can be easily measured on-line, with high accuracy and sensitivity, especially under highly polluted urban conditions. Recently a new method has been proposed for the apportionment of wood burning and traffic aerosols based on the spectral dependence of their absorption quantified by the Aerosol Angström Exponent (AAE). In this approach the absorption coefficient is deduced from transmission measurement on a filter accumulated aerosol sample and the conversion factor between the measured optical absorption and the corresponding mass concentration (the specific absorption cross section) are determined by on-site chemical analysis. The recently developed multi-wavelength photoacoustic instruments provide novel, in-situ approach towards the reliable and quantitative characterization of carbonaceous particulate matter. Therefore, it also opens up novel possibilities on the source apportionment through the measurement of light absorption. In this study, we demonstrate an in-situ spectral characterization method of the ambient carbon fraction based on light absorption and size distribution measurements using our state-of-the-art multi-wavelength photoacoustic instrument (4λ-PAS) and Single Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) The carbonaceous particulate selective source apportionment study was performed for ambient particulate matter in the city center of Szeged, Hungary where the dominance of traffic and wood burning aerosol has been experimentally demonstrated earlier. The proposed model is based on the parallel, in-situ measurement of optical absorption and size distribution. AAEff and AAEwb were deduced from the measured data using the defined correlation between the AOC(1064nm)/AOC(266nm) and N100/N20 ratios. σff(λ) and σwb(λ) were determined with the help of the independently measured temporal mass concentrations in the PM1 mode. Furthermore, the proposed optical source apportionment is based on the assumption that the light absorbing fraction of PM is exclusively related to traffic and wood burning. This assumption is indirectly confirmed here by the fact that the measured size distribution is composed of two unimodal size distributions identified to correspond to traffic and wood burning aerosols. The method offers the possibility of replacing laborious chemical analysis with simple in-situ measurement of aerosol size distribution data. The results by the proposed novel optical absorption based source apportionment method prove its applicability whenever measurements are performed at an urban site where traffic and wood burning are the dominant carbonaceous sources of emission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorption" title="absorption">absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20distribution" title=" size distribution"> size distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment" title=" source apportionment"> source apportionment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20burning" title=" wood burning"> wood burning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20aerosol" title=" traffic aerosol"> traffic aerosol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40413/two-component-source-apportionment-based-on-absorption-and-size-distribution-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4633</span> A Comparison of Bias Among Relaxed Divisor Methods Using 3 Bias Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumachaya%20Harnsukworapanich">Sumachaya Harnsukworapanich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetsuo%20Ichimori"> Tetsuo Ichimori </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The apportionment method is used by many countries, to calculate the distribution of seats in political bodies. For example, this method is used in the United States (U.S.) to distribute house seats proportionally based on the population of the electoral district. Famous apportionment methods include the divisor methods called the Adams Method, Dean Method, Hill Method, Jefferson Method and Webster Method. Sometimes the results from the implementation of these divisor methods are unfair and include errors. Therefore, it is important to examine the optimization of this method by using a bias measurement to figure out precise and fair results. In this research we investigate the bias of divisor methods in the U.S. Houses of Representatives toward large and small states by applying the Stolarsky Mean Method. We compare the bias of the apportionment method by using two famous bias measurements: The Balinski and Young measurement and the Ernst measurement. Both measurements have a formula for large and small states. The Third measurement however, which was created by the researchers, did not factor in the element of large and small states into the formula. All three measurements are compared and the results show that our measurement produces similar results to the other two famous measurements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apportionment" title="apportionment">apportionment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bias" title=" bias"> bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divisor" title=" divisor"> divisor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fair" title=" fair"> fair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31156/a-comparison-of-bias-among-relaxed-divisor-methods-using-3-bias-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4632</span> Distribution, Source Apportionment and Assessment of Pollution Level of Trace Metals in Water and Sediment of a Riverine Wetland of the Brahmaputra Valley</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kali%20Prasad%20Sarma">Kali Prasad Sarma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanghita%20Dutta"> Sanghita Dutta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deepor Beel (DB), the lone Ramsar site and an important wetland of the Brahmaputra valley in the state of Assam. The local people from fourteen peripheral villages traditionally utilize the wetland for harvesting vegetables, flowers, aquatic seeds, medicinal plants, fish, molluscs, fodder for domestic cattle etc. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the concentration and distribution of trace metals in water-sediment system of the beel in order to protect its ecological environment. DB lies between26°05′26′′N to 26°09′26′′N latitudes and 90°36′39′′E to 91°41′25′′E longitudes. Water samples from the surface layer of water up to 40cm deep and sediment samples from the top 5cm layer of surface sediments were collected. The trace metals in waters and sediments were analysed using ICP-OES. The organic Carbon was analysed using the TOC analyser. The different mineral present in the sediments were confirmed by X-ray diffraction method (XRD). SEM images were recorded for the samples using SEM, attached with energy dispersive X-ray unit, with an accelerating voltage of 20 kv. All the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS20.0 for windows. In the present research, distribution, source apportionment, temporal and spatial variability, extent of pollution and the ecological risk of eight toxic trace metals in sediments and water of DB were investigated. The average concentrations of chromium(Cr) (both the seasons), copper(Cu) and lead(Pb) (pre-monsoon) and zinc(Zn) and cadmium(Cd) (post-monsoon) in sediments were higher than the consensus based threshold concentration(TEC). The persistent exposure of toxic trace metals in sediments pose a potential threat, especially to sediment dwelling organisms. The degree of pollution in DB sediments for Pb, Cobalt (Co) Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu and arsenic (As) was assessed using Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results indicated that contamination of surface sediments in DB is dominated by Pb and Cd and to a lesser extent by Co, Fe, Cu, Cr, As and Zn. A significant positive correlation among the pairs of element Co/Fe, Zn/As in water, and Cr/Zn, Fe/As in sediments indicates similar source of origin of these metals. The effects of interaction among trace metals between water and sediments shows significant variations (F =94.02, P < 0.001), suggesting maximum mobility of trace metals in DB sediments and water. The source apportionment of the heavy metals was carried out using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). SEM-EDS detects the presence of Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, As and Fe in the sediment sample. The average concentration of Cd, Zn, Pb and As in the bed sediments of DB are found to be higher than the crustal abundance. The EF values indicate that Cd and Pb are significantly enriched. From source apportionment studies of the eight metals using PCA revealed that Cd was anthropogenic in origin; Pb, As, Cr, and Zn had mixed sources; whereas Co, Cu and Fe were natural in origin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepor%20Beel" title="Deepor Beel">Deepor Beel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enrichment%20factor" title=" enrichment factor"> enrichment factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20metals" title=" trace metals"> trace metals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41834/distribution-source-apportionment-and-assessment-of-pollution-level-of-trace-metals-in-water-and-sediment-of-a-riverine-wetland-of-the-brahmaputra-valley" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4631</span> A Case Study of Open Source Development Practices within a Large Company Setting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alma%20Orucevic-Alagic">Alma Orucevic-Alagic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20H%C3%B6st"> Martin Höst</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Open source communities have demonstrated that complex and enterprise grade software can be produced, supported, and maintained by self-organizing groups of developers using primarily electronic form of communication. Due to the inherent nature of open source development, a specific set of open source software development practices has evolved. While there is an ongoing research on the topic of applicability of open source development practices within a company setting, still little is known about their benefits and challenges. The objective of this research is to understand if and to what degree open source development practices observed within a mature open source community are aligned with development practices within a large software and hardware company setting. For the purpose of this case study a set of open source development practices that are present in a mature open source community has been identified. Then, development practices of a large, international, hardware and software company based in Sweden were assessed and compared to the identified open source community practices. It is shown that there are many similarities between a mature open source community and a large company setting in regard to software development practices. We also identify practices that exist in open source communities and that are not standard within a company setting, but whose implementation can result in an improved software development efficiency within the company setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20practices" title="development practices">development practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software" title=" open source software"> open source software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innersource" title=" innersource"> innersource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed%20open%20source" title=" closed open source"> closed open source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13154/a-case-study-of-open-source-development-practices-within-a-large-company-setting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">558</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4630</span> Priority of Goal Over Source in Persian Directional Motion Verbs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Samenian">Tahereh Samenian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is ample evidence that source and goal are disproportionately expressed in languages, and goal usually plays a more prominent role than source. The results show that the mismatch between the goal and the source is not entirely rooted in non-linguistic behaviors, i.e. that linguistic descriptions also show the focus of the goal on the source in events; Non-verbal memory for events, on the other hand, indicates that the focus of the goal is only on events that are purposefully moving and the actor is alive. In the present study, an attempt is made to examine the principle of priority of the goal over the source by focusing on Persian directional motion verbs. For this purpose, 117 Persian directional motion verbs have been selected from the dictionary and data for them have been collected from the body of Bijan Khan and the components of goal and source have been identified in sentences and the prominence of the components of goal and source has been shown in the form of diagrams. As it was obtained from the data, Persian motion-directional verbs also showed the bias of the goal over source in motion events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion-directional%20verbs" title="motion-directional verbs">motion-directional verbs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=priority%20of%20goal%20over%20source%20principle" title=" priority of goal over source principle"> priority of goal over source principle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20factors" title=" cognitive factors"> cognitive factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20factors" title=" linguistic factors"> linguistic factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156958/priority-of-goal-over-source-in-persian-directional-motion-verbs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4629</span> A Second Law Assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle Depending on Source Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung%20Hoon%20Kim">Kyoung Hoon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has potential in reducing fossil fuels and relaxing environmental problems. In this work performance analysis of ORC is conducted based on the second law of thermodynamics for recovery of low temperature heat source from 100°C to 140°C using R134a as the working fluid. Effects of system parameters such as turbine inlet pressure or source temperature are theoretically investigated on the exergy destructions (anergies) at various components of the system as well as net work production or exergy efficiency. Results show that the net work or exergy efficiency has a peak with respect to the turbine inlet pressure when the source temperature is low, however, increases monotonically with increasing turbine inlet pressure when the source temperature is high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Organic%20Rankine%20Cycle%20%28ORC%29" title="Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)">Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20temperature%20heat%20source" title=" low temperature heat source"> low temperature heat source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy" title=" exergy"> exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20temperature" title=" source temperature "> source temperature </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8156/a-second-law-assessment-of-organic-rankine-cycle-depending-on-source-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4628</span> The Exploration Targets of the Nanpu Sag: Insight from Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Source Rocks and Oils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lixin%20Pei">Lixin Pei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhilong%20Huang"> Zhilong Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenzhe%20Gang"> Wenzhe Gang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic geochemistry of source rocks and oils in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay basin was studied on the basis of the results of Rock-Eval and biomarker. The possible source rocks consist of the third member (Es₃) and the first member (Es₁) of Shahejie formation and the third member of Dongying Formation (Ed₃) in the Nanpu Sag. The Es₃, Es₁, and Ed₃ source rock intervals in the Nanpu Sag all have high organic-matter richness and are at hydrocarbon generating stage, which are regarded as effective source rocks. The three possible source rock intervals have different biomarker associations and can be differentiated by gammacerane/αβ C₃₀ hopane, ETR ([C₂₈+C₂₉]/ [C₂₈+C₂₉+Ts]), C₂₇ diasterane/sterane and C₂₇/C₂₉ steranes, which suggests they deposited in different environments. Based on the oil-source rock correlation, the shallow oils mainly originated from the Es₃ and Es₁ source rocks in the Nanpu Sag. Through hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history of the source rocks, trap development history and accumulation history, the shallow oils mainly originated from paleo-reservoirs in the Es₃ and Es₁ during the period of Neotectonism, and the residual paleo-reservoirs in the Es₃ and Es₁ would be the focus targets in the Nanpu Sag; Bohai Bay Basin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20rock" title="source rock">source rock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker%20association" title=" biomarker association"> biomarker association</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanpu%20Sag" title=" Nanpu Sag"> Nanpu Sag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bohai%20Bay%20Basin" title=" Bohai Bay Basin"> Bohai Bay Basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79990/the-exploration-targets-of-the-nanpu-sag-insight-from-organic-geochemical-characteristics-of-source-rocks-and-oils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4627</span> An Introductory Study on Optimization Algorithm for Movable Sensor Network-Based Odor Source Localization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yossiri%20Ariyakul">Yossiri Ariyakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyakiat%20Insom"> Piyakiat Insom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonyawat%20Sangiamkulthavorn"> Poonyawat Sangiamkulthavorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takamichi%20Nakamoto"> Takamichi Nakamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the method of optimization algorithm for sensor network comprised of movable sensor nodes which can be used for odor source localization was proposed. A sensor node is composed of an odor sensor, an anemometer, and a wireless communication module. The odor intensity measured from the sensor nodes are sent to the processor to perform the localization based on optimization algorithm by which the odor source localization map is obtained as a result. The map can represent the exact position of the odor source or show the direction toward it remotely. The proposed method was experimentally validated by creating the odor source localization map using three, four, and five sensor nodes in which the accuracy to predict the position of the odor source can be observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odor%20sensor" title="odor sensor">odor sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odor%20source%20localization" title=" odor source localization"> odor source localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20network" title=" sensor network"> sensor network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76005/an-introductory-study-on-optimization-algorithm-for-movable-sensor-network-based-odor-source-localization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4626</span> Forensic Challenges in Source Device Identification for Digital Videos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Aminu%20Bagiwa">Mustapha Aminu Bagiwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainuddin%20Wahid%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yamani%20Idna%20Idris"> Mohd Yamani Idna Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suleman%20Khan"> Suleman Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Video source device identification has become a problem of concern in numerous domains especially in multimedia security and digital investigation. This is because videos are now used as evidence in legal proceedings. Source device identification aim at identifying the source of digital devices using the content they produced. However, due to affordable processing tools and the influx in digital content generating devices, source device identification is still a major problem within the digital forensic community. In this paper, we discuss source device identification for digital videos by identifying techniques that were proposed in the literature for model or specific device identification. This is aimed at identifying salient open challenges for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20forgery" title="video forgery">video forgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20camcorder" title=" source camcorder"> source camcorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20identification" title=" device identification"> device identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forgery%20detection" title=" forgery detection "> forgery detection </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641/forensic-challenges-in-source-device-identification-for-digital-videos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">631</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4625</span> Sources and Potential Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in the Sediment Samples From Coastal Area in Ondo, Southwest Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogundele%20Lasun%20Tunde">Ogundele Lasun Tunde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayeku%20Oluwagbemiga%20Patrick"> Ayeku Oluwagbemiga Patrick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals are released into the sediments in aquatic environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources and they are considered as worldwide issue due to their deleterious ecological risks and food chain disruption. In this study, sediments samples were collected at three major sites (Awoye, Abereke and Ayetoro) along Ondo coastal area using VanVeen grab sampler. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were determined by employing Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The combined concentrations data were subjected to Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor approach for source identification and apportionment. The probable risks that might be posed by heavy metals in the sediment were estimated by potential and integrated ecological risks indices. Among the measured heavy metals, Fe had the average concentrations of 20.38 ± 2.86, 23.56 ± 4.16 and 25.32 ± 4.83 lg/g at Abereke, Awoye and Ayetoro sites, respectively. The PMF resulted in identification of four sources of heavy metals in the sediments. The resolved sources and their percentage contributions were oil exploration (39%), industrial waste/sludge (35%), detrital process (18%) and Mn-sources (8%). Oil exploration activities and industrial wastes are the major sources that contribute heavy metals into the coastal sediments. The major pollutants that posed ecological risks to the local aquatic ecosystem are As, Pb, Cr and Cd (40 B Ei ≤ 80) classifying the sites as moderate risk. The integrate risks values of Awoye, Abereke and Ayetoro are 231.2, 234.0 and 236.4, respectively suggesting that the study areas had a moderate ecological risk. The study showed the suitability of PMF receptor model for source identification of heavy metals in the sediments. Also, the intensive anthropogenic activities and natural sources could largely discharge heavy metals into the study area, which may increase the heavy metal contents of the sediments and further contribute to the associated ecological risk, thus affecting the local aquatic ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20matrix%20factorization" title="positive matrix factorization">positive matrix factorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediments" title=" sediments"> sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sources" title=" sources"> sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20risks" title=" ecological risks"> ecological risks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188368/sources-and-potential-ecological-risks-of-heavy-metals-in-the-sediment-samples-from-coastal-area-in-ondo-southwest-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4624</span> Calculation of Detection Efficiency of Horizontal Large Volume Source Using Exvol Code</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y.%20Kang">M. Y. Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euntaek%20Yoon"> Euntaek Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Choi"> H. D. Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To calculate the full energy (FE) absorption peak efficiency for arbitrary volume sample, we developed and verified the EXVol (Efficiency calculator for EXtended Voluminous source) code which is based on effective solid angle method. EXVol is possible to describe the source area as a non-uniform three-dimensional (x, y, z) source. And decompose and set it into several sets of volume units. Users can equally divide (x, y, z) coordinate system to calculate the detection efficiency at a specific position of a cylindrical volume source. By determining the detection efficiency for differential volume units, the total radiative absolute distribution and the correction factor of the detection efficiency can be obtained from the nondestructive measurement of the source. In order to check the performance of the EXVol code, Si ingot of 20 cm in diameter and 50 cm in height were used as a source. The detector was moved at the collimation geometry to calculate the detection efficiency at a specific position and compared with the experimental values. In this study, the performance of the EXVol code was extended to obtain the detection efficiency distribution at a specific position in a large volume source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attenuation" title="attenuation">attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EXVol" title=" EXVol"> EXVol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection%20efficiency" title=" detection efficiency"> detection efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20source" title=" volume source"> volume source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97158/calculation-of-detection-efficiency-of-horizontal-large-volume-source-using-exvol-code" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97158.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4623</span> Long Term Monitoring and Assessment of Atmospheric Aerosols in Indo-Gangetic Region of India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ningombam%20Linthoingambi%20Devi">Ningombam Linthoingambi Devi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrendra%20Kumar"> Amrendra Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The long term sampling at one of the most populated city in Indo-Gangetic region shows higher mass concentration of atmospheric aerosol (PM₂.₅) during spring season (144.70µg/m³), summer season (91.96 µg/m³), the autumn season (266.48µg/m³) and winter season (367.09 µg/m³) respectively. The concentration of PM₂.₅ in Patna across the year shows much higher than the limit fixed by the national ambient air quality level fixed by central pollution control board India (CPCB, India) and World Health Organization (WHO). Different water-soluble cation (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, NH₄⁺ , and Mg²⁺) and anion (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻ , and SO₄²⁻) species were detected in PM₂.₅. Results show the significantly higher loaded of water-soluble ions during winter and spring seasons. The acidity of the atmosphere was revealed and calculated using selected major cations (K⁺, Ca²⁺ , and NH₄⁺) and anions (SO₄²⁻, and NO₃⁻). A regression correlation was analyzed to check the significant linkage between the acidity and alkalinity ions. During the winter season (r² = 0.79) and spring season (r² = 0.64) shows good significant correlation between the cations and anions. The ratio of NO₃⁻/SO₄²⁻ indicates the sources of secondary pollutants were mainly influenced by industrial and vehicular emission however SO₄²⁻ mostly emitted from industries during the winter season. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerosols" title="aerosols">aerosols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20species" title=" inorganic species"> inorganic species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment" title=" source apportionment"> source apportionment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indo-Gangetic%20region" title=" Indo-Gangetic region"> Indo-Gangetic region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114594/long-term-monitoring-and-assessment-of-atmospheric-aerosols-in-indo-gangetic-region-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4622</span> Analysis of Joint Source Channel LDPC Coding for Correlated Sources Transmission over Noisy Channels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20Ben%20Abdessalem">Marwa Ben Abdessalem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Zribi"> Amin Zribi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Bouall%C3%A8gue"> Ammar Bouallègue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a Joint Source Channel coding scheme based on LDPC codes is investigated. We consider two concatenated LDPC codes, one allows to compress a correlated source and the second to protect it against channel degradations. The original information can be reconstructed at the receiver by a joint decoder, where the source decoder and the channel decoder run in parallel by transferring extrinsic information. We investigate the performance of the JSC LDPC code in terms of Bit-Error Rate (BER) in the case of transmission over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, and for different source and channel rate parameters. We emphasize how JSC LDPC presents a performance tradeoff depending on the channel state and on the source correlation. We show that, the JSC LDPC is an efficient solution for a relatively low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) channel, especially with highly correlated sources. Finally, a source-channel rate optimization has to be applied to guarantee the best JSC LDPC system performance for a given channel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AWGN%20channel" title="AWGN channel">AWGN channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=belief%20propagation" title=" belief propagation"> belief propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20source%20channel%20coding" title=" joint source channel coding"> joint source channel coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDPC%20codes" title=" LDPC codes"> LDPC codes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62721/analysis-of-joint-source-channel-ldpc-coding-for-correlated-sources-transmission-over-noisy-channels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4621</span> Topological Sensitivity Analysis for Reconstruction of the Inverse Source Problem from Boundary Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maatoug%20Hassine">Maatoug Hassine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20Hrizi"> Mourad Hrizi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider a geometric inverse source problem for the heat equation with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary data. We will reconstruct the exact form of the unknown source term from additional boundary conditions. Our motivation is to detect the location, the size and the shape of source support. We present a one-shot algorithm based on the Kohn-Vogelius formulation and the topological gradient method. The geometric inverse source problem is formulated as a topology optimization one. A topological sensitivity analysis is derived from a source function. Then, we present a non-iterative numerical method for the geometric reconstruction of the source term with unknown support using a level curve of the topological gradient. Finally, we give several examples to show the viability of our presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20inverse%20source%20problem" title="geometric inverse source problem">geometric inverse source problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20equation" title=" heat equation"> heat equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20optimization" title=" topological optimization"> topological optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20sensitivity" title=" topological sensitivity"> topological sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohn-Vogelius%20formulation" title=" Kohn-Vogelius formulation"> Kohn-Vogelius formulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58295/topological-sensitivity-analysis-for-reconstruction-of-the-inverse-source-problem-from-boundary-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4620</span> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Soil of the Tezpur Town, on the North Bank of the Brahmaputra River, Assam, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kali%20Prasad%20Sarma">Kali Prasad Sarma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nibedita%20Baul"> Nibedita Baul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinu%20Deka"> Jinu Deka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, pollution level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in surface soil of historic Tezpur town located in the north bank of the River Brahmaputra were evaluated. In order to determine the seasonal distribution and concentration level of 16 USEPA priority PAHs surface soil samples were collected from 12 different sampling sites with various land use type. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs (∑16 PAHs) varied from 242.68µgkg-1to 7901.89µgkg-1. Concentration of total probable carcinogenic PAH ranged between 7.285µgkg-1 and 479.184 µgkg-1 in different seasons. However, the concentration of BaP, the most carcinogenic PAH, was found in the range of BDL to 50.01 µgkg-1. The composition profiles of PAHs in 3 different seasons were characterized by following two different types of ring: (1) 4-ring PAHs, contributed to highest percentage of total PAHs (43.75%) (2) while in pre- and post- monsoon season 3- ring compounds dominated the PAH profile, contributing 65.58% and 74.41% respectively. A high PAHs concentration with significant seasonality and high abundance of LMWPAHs was observed in Tezpur town. Soil PAHs toxicity was evaluated taking toxic equivalency factors (TEFs), which quantify the carcinogenic potential of other PAHs relative to BaP and estimate benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentration (BaPeq). The calculated BaPeq value signifies considerable risk to contact with soil PAHs. We applied cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate linear regression (MLR) to apportion sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soil of Tezpur town, based on the measured PAH concentrations. The results indicate that petrogenic and pyrogenic sources are the important sources of PAHs. A combination of chemometric and molecular indices were used to identify the sources of PAHs, which could be attributed to vehicle emissions, a mixed source input, natural gas combustion, wood or biomass burning and coal combustion. Source apportionment using absolute principle component scores–multiple linear regression showed that the main sources of PAHs are 22.3% mix sources comprising of diesel and biomass combustion and petroleum spill,13.55% from vehicle emission, 9.15% from diesel and natural gas burning, 38.05% from wood and biomass burning and 16.95% contribute coal combustion. Pyrogenic input was found to dominate source of PAHs origin with more contribution from vehicular exhaust. PAHs have often been found to co-emit with other environmental pollutants like heavy metals due to similar source of origin. A positive correlation was observed between PAH with Cr and Pb (r2 = 0.54 and 0.55 respectively) in monsoon season and PAH with Cd and Pb (r2 = 0.54 and 0.61 respectively) indicating their common source. Strong correlation was observed between PAH and OC during pre- and post- monsoon (r2=0.46 and r2=0.65 respectively) whereas during monsoon season no significant correlation was observed (r2=0.24). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbon" title="polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tezpur%20town" title=" Tezpur town"> Tezpur town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemometric%20analysis" title=" chemometric analysis"> chemometric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20risk%20assessment" title=" ecological risk assessment"> ecological risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41562/polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-pollution-and-ecological-risk-assessment-in-surface-soil-of-the-tezpur-town-on-the-north-bank-of-the-brahmaputra-river-assam-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4619</span> Performance Analysis of Absorption Power Cycle under Different Source Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung%20Hoon%20Kim">Kyoung Hoon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The absorption power generation cycle based on the ammonia-water mixture has attracted much attention for efficient recovery of low-grade energy sources. In this paper, a thermodynamic performance analysis is carried out for a Kalina cycle using ammonia-water mixture as a working fluid for efficient conversion of low-temperature heat source in the form of sensible energy. The effects of the source temperature on the system performance are extensively investigated by using the thermodynamic models. The results show that the source temperature as well as the ammonia mass fraction affects greatly on the thermodynamic performance of the cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonia-water%20mixture" title="ammonia-water mixture">ammonia-water mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalina%20cycle" title=" Kalina cycle"> Kalina cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-grade%20heat%20source" title=" low-grade heat source"> low-grade heat source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20temperature" title=" source temperature"> source temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22703/performance-analysis-of-absorption-power-cycle-under-different-source-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4618</span> Requirement Engineering Within Open Source Software Development: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kars%20Beek">Kars Beek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remco%20Groeneveld"> Remco Groeneveld</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sjaak%20Brinkkemper"> Sjaak Brinkkemper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although there is much literature available on requirement documentation in traditional software development, few studies have been conducted about this topic in open source software development. While open-source software development is becoming more important, the software development processes are often not as structured as corporate software development processes. Papers show that communities, creating open-source software, often lack structure and documentation. However, most recent studies about this topic are often ten or more years old. Therefore, this research has been conducted to determine if the lack of structure and documentation in requirement engineering is currently still the situation in these communities. Three open-source products have been chosen as subjects for conducting this research. The data for this research was gathered based on interviews, observations, and analyses of feature proposals and issue tracking tools. In this paper, we present a comparison and an analysis of the different methods used for requirements documentation to understand the current practices of requirements documentation in open source software development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software" title=" open source software"> open source software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20software%20development" title=" open source software development"> open source software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20elicitation" title=" requirement elicitation"> requirement elicitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirement%20engineering" title=" requirement engineering"> requirement engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143917/requirement-engineering-within-open-source-software-development-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4617</span> UNIX Source Code Leak: Evaluation and Feasible Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gu%20Dongxing">Gu Dongxing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Yuxuan"> Li Yuxuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nong%20Tengxiao"> Nong Tengxiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burra%20Venkata%20Durga%20Kumar"> Burra Venkata Durga Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since computers are widely used in business models, more and more companies choose to store important information in computers to improve productivity. However, this information can be compromised in many cases, such as when it is stored locally on the company's computers or when it is transferred between servers and clients. Of these important information leaks, source code leaks are probably the most costly. Because the source code often represents the core technology of the company, especially for the Internet companies, source code leakage may even lead to the company's core products lose market competitiveness, and then lead to the bankruptcy of the company. In recent years, such as Microsoft, AMD and other large companies have occurred source code leakage events, suffered a huge loss. This reveals to us the importance and necessity of preventing source code leakage. This paper aims to find ways to prevent source code leakage based on the direction of operating system, and based on the fact that most companies use Linux or Linux-like system to realize the interconnection between server and client, to discuss how to reduce the possibility of source code leakage during data transmission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20transmission" title="data transmission">data transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linux" title=" Linux"> Linux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20code" title=" source code"> source code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20system" title=" operating system"> operating system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153161/unix-source-code-leak-evaluation-and-feasible-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4616</span> Study on Acoustic Source Detection Performance Improvement of Microphone Array Installed on Drones Using Blind Source Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngsun%20Moon">Youngsun Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeong-Ju%20Go"> Yeong-Ju Go</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Soo%20Choi"> Jong-Soo Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most drones that currently have surveillance/reconnaissance missions are basically equipped with optical equipment, but we also need to use a microphone array to estimate the location of the acoustic source. This can provide additional information in the absence of optical equipment. The purpose of this study is to estimate Direction of Arrival (DOA) based on Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) estimation of the acoustic source in the drone. The problem is that it is impossible to measure the clear target acoustic source because of the drone noise. To overcome this problem is to separate the drone noise and the target acoustic source using Blind Source Separation(BSS) based on Independent Component Analysis(ICA). ICA can be performed assuming that the drone noise and target acoustic source are independent and each signal has non-gaussianity. For maximized non-gaussianity each signal, we use Negentropy and Kurtosis based on probability theory. As a result, we can improve TDOA estimation and DOA estimation of the target source in the noisy environment. We simulated the performance of the DOA algorithm applying BSS algorithm, and demonstrated the simulation through experiment at the anechoic wind tunnel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeroacoustics" title="aeroacoustics">aeroacoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20source%20detection" title=" acoustic source detection"> acoustic source detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20difference%20of%20arrival" title=" time difference of arrival"> time difference of arrival</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direction%20of%20arrival" title=" direction of arrival"> direction of arrival</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title=" blind source separation"> blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20component%20analysis" title=" independent component analysis"> independent component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drone" title=" drone"> drone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94236/study-on-acoustic-source-detection-performance-improvement-of-microphone-array-installed-on-drones-using-blind-source-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4615</span> Fuzzy Optimization Multi-Objective Clustering Ensemble Model for Multi-Source Data Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20B.%20Le">C. B. Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20N.%20Pham"> V. N. Pham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern data analysis, multi-source data appears more and more in real applications. Multi-source data clustering has emerged as a important issue in the data mining and machine learning community. Different data sources provide information about different data. Therefore, multi-source data linking is essential to improve clustering performance. However, in practice multi-source data is often heterogeneous, uncertain, and large. This issue is considered a major challenge from multi-source data. Ensemble is a versatile machine learning model in which learning techniques can work in parallel, with big data. Clustering ensemble has been shown to outperform any standard clustering algorithm in terms of accuracy and robustness. However, most of the traditional clustering ensemble approaches are based on single-objective function and single-source data. This paper proposes a new clustering ensemble method for multi-source data analysis. The fuzzy optimized multi-objective clustering ensemble method is called FOMOCE. Firstly, a clustering ensemble mathematical model based on the structure of multi-objective clustering function, multi-source data, and dark knowledge is introduced. Then, rules for extracting dark knowledge from the input data, clustering algorithms, and base clusterings are designed and applied. Finally, a clustering ensemble algorithm is proposed for multi-source data analysis. The experiments were performed on the standard sample data set. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the FOMOCE method compared to the existing clustering ensemble methods and multi-source clustering methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering%20ensemble" title="clustering ensemble">clustering ensemble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-source" title=" multi-source"> multi-source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective" title=" multi-objective"> multi-objective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20clustering" title=" fuzzy clustering"> fuzzy clustering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136598/fuzzy-optimization-multi-objective-clustering-ensemble-model-for-multi-source-data-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4614</span> Spatial Distribution and Source Identification of Trace Elements in Surface Soil from Izmir Metropolitan Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melik%20Kara">Melik Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulsah%20Tulger%20Kara"> Gulsah Tulger Kara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The soil is a crucial component of the ecosystem, and in industrial and urban areas it receives large amounts of trace elements from several sources. Therefore, accumulated pollutants in surface soils can be transported to different environmental components, such as deep soil, water, plants, and dust particles. While elemental contamination of soils is caused mainly by atmospheric deposition, soil also affects the air quality since enriched trace elemental contents in atmospheric particulate matter originate from resuspension of polluted soils. The objectives of this study were to determine the total and leachate concentrations of trace elements in soils of city area in Izmir and characterize their spatial distribution and to identify the possible sources of trace elements in surface soils. The surface soil samples were collected from 20 sites. They were analyzed for total element concentrations and leachate concentrations. Analyses of trace elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Hf, Ho, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn and Zr) were carried out using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer). The elemental concentrations were calculated along with overall median, kurtosis, and skewness statistics. Elemental composition indicated that the soil samples were dominated by crustal elements such as Si, Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mg and the sea salt element, Na which is typical for Aegean region. These elements were followed by Ti, P, Mn, Ba and Sr. On the other hand, Zn, Cr, V, Pb, Cu, and Ni (which are anthropogenic based elements) were measured as 61.6, 39.4, 37.9, 26.9, 22.4, and 19.4 mg/kg dw, respectively. The leachate element concentrations were showed similar sorting although their concentrations were much lower than total concentrations. In the study area, the spatial distribution patterns of elemental concentrations varied among sampling sites. The highest concentrations were measured in the vicinity of industrial areas and main roads. To determine the relationships among elements and to identify the possible sources, PCA (Principal Component Analysis) was applied to the data. The analysis resulted in six factors. The first factor exhibited high loadings of Co, K, Mn, Rb, V, Al, Fe, Ni, Ga, Se, and Cr. This factor could be interpreted as residential heating because of Co, K, Rb, and Se. The second factor associated positively with V, Al, Fe, Na, Ba, Ga, Sr, Ti, Se, and Si. Therefore, this factor presents mixed city dust. The third factor showed high loadings with Fe, Ni, Sb, As, Cr. This factor could be associated with industrial facilities. The fourth factor associated with Cu, Mo, Zn, Sn which are the marker elements of traffic. The fifth factor presents crustal dust, due to its high correlation with Si, Ca, and Mg. The last factor is loaded with Pb and Cd emitted from industrial activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20elements" title="trace elements">trace elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20soil" title=" surface soil"> surface soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment" title=" source apportionment"> source apportionment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izmir" title=" Izmir"> Izmir</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95869/spatial-distribution-and-source-identification-of-trace-elements-in-surface-soil-from-izmir-metropolitan-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4613</span> A Research Analysis on the Source Technology and Convergence Types</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwounghee%20Choi">Kwounghee Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technological convergence between the various sectors is expected to have a very large impact on future industrial and economy. This study attempts to do empirical approach between specific technologies’ classification. For technological convergence classification, it is necessary to set the target technology to be analyzed. This study selected target technology from national research and development plan. At first we found a source technology for analysis. Depending on the weight of source technology, NT-based, BT-based, IT-based, ET-based, CS-based convergence types were classified. This study aims to empirically show the concept of convergence technology and convergence types. If we use the source technology to classify convergence type, it will be useful to make practical strategies of convergence technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20convergence" title="technology convergence">technology convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20technology" title=" source technology"> source technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20type" title=" convergence type"> convergence type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D%20strategy" title=" R&D strategy"> R&D strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20classification" title=" technology classification"> technology classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37117/a-research-analysis-on-the-source-technology-and-convergence-types" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4612</span> Electrodermal Activity Measurement Using Constant Current AC Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristian%20Chacha">Cristian Chacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Asiain"> David Asiain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jes%C3%BAs%20Ponce%20de%20Le%C3%B3n"> Jesús Ponce de León</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Ram%C3%B3n%20Beltr%C3%A1n"> José Ramón Beltrán</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work explores and characterizes the behavior of the AFE AD5941 in impedance measurement using an embedded algorithm with a constant current AC source. The main aim of this research is to improve the exact measurement of impedance values for their application in EDA-focused wearable devices. Through comprehensive study and characterization, it has been observed that employing a measurement sequence with a constant current source produces results with increased dispersion but higher accuracy. As a result, this approach leads to a more accurate system for impedance measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EDA" title="EDA">EDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constant%20current%20AC%20source" title=" constant current AC source"> constant current AC source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable" title=" wearable"> wearable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision" title=" precision"> precision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title=" accuracy"> accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance" title=" impedance"> impedance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168848/electrodermal-activity-measurement-using-constant-current-ac-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4611</span> Effects of Heat Source Position on Heat Transfer in an Inclined Square Enclosure Filled with Nanofluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khamis%20Al%20Kalbani">Khamis Al Kalbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of a uniform heat source position on the heat transfer flow inside an inclined square enclosure filled with different types of nanofluids having various shapes of the nanoparticles are investigated numerically following one component thermal equilibrium model. The effects of the Brownian diffusion of the nanoparticles, magnetic field intensity and orientation are taken into consideration in nanofluid modeling. The heat source is placed in the middle of a wall of the enclosure while the opposite wall of it is kept at different temperature. The other walls of the enclosure are kept insulated. The results indicate that the heat source position significantly controls the heat transfer rates of the nanofluids. The distributions of the average heat transfer rates varying the position of the heat source with respect to the geometry inclination angle are calculated for the first time. The outcomes of the present research may be helpful for designing solar thermal collectors, radiators, building insulators and advanced cooling of a nuclear system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20source" title="heat source">heat source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclined" title=" inclined"> inclined</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square%20enclosure" title=" square enclosure"> square enclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluids" title=" nanofluids"> nanofluids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73122/effects-of-heat-source-position-on-heat-transfer-in-an-inclined-square-enclosure-filled-with-nanofluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4610</span> Source Separation for Global Multispectral Satellite Images Indexing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aymen%20Bouzid">Aymen Bouzid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihen%20Ben%20Smida"> Jihen Ben Smida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose to prove the importance of the application of blind source separation methods on remote sensing data in order to index multispectral images. The proposed method starts with Gabor Filtering and the application of a Blind Source Separation to get a more effective representation of the information contained on the observation images. After that, a feature vector is extracted from each image in order to index them. Experimental results show the superior performance of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title="blind source separation">blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20based%20image%20retrieval" title=" content based image retrieval"> content based image retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction%20multispectral" title=" feature extraction multispectral"> feature extraction multispectral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20images" title=" satellite images"> satellite images</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28585/source-separation-for-global-multispectral-satellite-images-indexing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4609</span> Directionally-Sensitive Personal Wearable Radiation Dosimeter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Huu%20Le">Hai Huu Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Junor"> Paul Junor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshi%20Geso"> Moshi Geso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graeme%20O%E2%80%99Keefe"> Graeme O’Keefe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the authors propose a personal wearable directionally-sensitive radiation dosimeter using multiple semiconductor CdZnTe detectors. The proposed dosimeter not only measures the real-time dose rate but also provide the direction of the radioactive source. A linear relationship between radioactive source direction and the radiation intensity measured by each detectors is established and an equation to determine the source direction is derived by the authors. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed dosimeter is verified by simulation using Geant4 package. Results have indicated that in a measurement duration of about 7 seconds, the proposed dosimeter was able to estimate the direction of a 10μCi 137/55Cs radioactive source to within 2 degrees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20rate" title="dose rate">dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geant4%20package" title=" Geant4 package"> Geant4 package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20dosimeter" title=" radiation dosimeter"> radiation dosimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactive%20source%20direction" title=" radioactive source direction"> radioactive source direction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62933/directionally-sensitive-personal-wearable-radiation-dosimeter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62933.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4608</span> Noise Source Identification on Urban Construction Sites Using Signal Time Delay Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balgaisha%20G.%20Mukanova">Balgaisha G. Mukanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yelbek%20B.%20Utepov"> Yelbek B. Utepov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aida%20G.%20Nazarova"> Aida G. Nazarova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisher%20Z.%20Imanov"> Alisher Z. Imanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of identifying local noise sources on a construction site using a sensor system is considered. Mathematical modeling of detected signals on sensors was carried out, considering signal decay and signal delay time between the source and detector. Recordings of noises produced by construction tools were used as a dependence of noise on time. Synthetic sensor data was constructed based on these data, and a model of the propagation of acoustic waves from a point source in the three-dimensional space was applied. All sensors and sources are assumed to be located in the same plane. A source localization method is checked based on the signal time delay between two adjacent detectors and plotting the direction of the source. Based on the two direct lines' crossline, the noise source's position is determined. Cases of one dominant source and the case of two sources in the presence of several other sources of lower intensity are considered. The number of detectors varies from three to eight detectors. The intensity of the noise field in the assessed area is plotted. The signal of a two-second duration is considered. The source is located for subsequent parts of the signal with a duration above 0.04 sec; the final result is obtained by computing the average value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20model" title="acoustic model">acoustic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direction%20of%20arrival" title=" direction of arrival"> direction of arrival</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20source%20problem" title=" inverse source problem"> inverse source problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20localization" title=" sound localization"> sound localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20noises" title=" urban noises"> urban noises</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181894/noise-source-identification-on-urban-construction-sites-using-signal-time-delay-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4607</span> Customization of Moodle Open Source LMS for Tanzania Secondary Schools’ Use</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20A.%20Kalinga">Ellen A. Kalinga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moodle is an open source learning management system that enables creation of a powerful and flexible learning environment. Many organizations, especially learning institutions have customized Moodle open source LMS for their own use. In general open source LMSs are of great interest due to many advantages they offer in terms of cost, usage and freedom to customize to fit a particular context. Tanzania Secondary School e-Learning (TanSSe-L) system is the learning management system for Tanzania secondary schools. TanSSe-L system was developed using a number of methods, one of them being customization of Moodle Open Source LMS. This paper presents few areas on the way Moodle OS LMS was customized to produce a functional TanSSe-L system fitted to the requirements and specifications of Tanzania secondary schools’ context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LMS" title="LMS">LMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moodle" title=" Moodle"> Moodle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanzania" title=" Tanzania"> Tanzania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20school" title=" secondary school"> secondary school</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14417/customization-of-moodle-open-source-lms-for-tanzania-secondary-schools-use" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20apportionment&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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