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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mdulidwe wa amayi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 94 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vroulike_genitale_verminking" title="Vroulike genitale verminking – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vroulike genitale verminking" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB" title="ختان الإناث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ختان الإناث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="মহিলাৰ যৌনাংগ বিকৃতকৰণ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মহিলাৰ যৌনাংগ বিকৃতকৰণ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablaci%C3%B3n_de_cl%C3%ADtoris" title="Ablación de clítoris – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ablación de clítoris" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qad%C4%B1n_s%C3%BCnn%C9%99ti" title="Qadın sünnəti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qadın sünnəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%87" title="قادین لارین کین کسمه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قادین لارین کین کسمه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Жаночае абразанне – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жаночае абразанне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Женско обрязване – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Женско обрязване" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="নারী খৎনা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নারী খৎনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac%27hagnerezh_reizhel_benel" title="Mac'hagnerezh reizhel benel – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mac'hagnerezh reizhel benel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilaci%C3%B3_genital_femenina" title="Mutilació genital femenina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mutilació genital femenina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%86%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خەتەنەکردنی کچان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خەتەنەکردنی کچان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDensk%C3%A1_ob%C5%99%C3%ADzka" title="Ženská obřízka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ženská obřízka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvindelig_omsk%C3%A6ring" title="Kvindelig omskæring – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kvindelig omskæring" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weibliche_Genitalverst%C3%BCmmelung" title="Weibliche Genitalverstümmelung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weibliche Genitalverstümmelung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunet%C3%AA_c%C3%AAniyan" title="Sunetê cêniyan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sunetê cêniyan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Ακρωτηριασμός γυναικείων γεννητικών οργάνων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ακρωτηριασμός γυναικείων γεννητικών οργάνων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Female genital mutilation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virina_seksa_mutilado" title="Virina seksa mutilado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Virina seksa mutilado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilaci%C3%B3n_genital_femenina" title="Mutilación genital femenina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mutilación genital femenina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiste_suguelundite_moonutamine" title="Naiste suguelundite moonutamine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Naiste suguelundite moonutamine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emakumeen_genitalen_mutilazio" title="Emakumeen genitalen mutilazio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Emakumeen genitalen mutilazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="بریدن آلت زنانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بریدن آلت زنانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naisen_sukupuolielinten_silpominen" title="Naisen sukupuolielinten silpominen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Naisen sukupuolielinten silpominen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilations_g%C3%A9nitales_f%C3%A9minines" title="Mutilations génitales féminines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mutilations génitales féminines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciorr%C3%BA_ball_gini%C3%BAna_ban" title="Ciorrú ball giniúna ban – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ciorrú ball giniúna ban" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablaci%C3%B3n_de_cl%C3%ADtoris" title="Ablación de clítoris – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ablación de clítoris" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%9B%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%A8" title="સ્ત્રી જનન અંગછેદન – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સ્ત્રી જનન અંગછેદન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yabega_%C5%8Amaa_(Female_Circumcision_also_know_as_Female_Genital_Mutilation)" title="Yabega Ŋmaa (Female Circumcision also know as Female Genital Mutilation) – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Yabega Ŋmaa (Female Circumcision also know as Female Genital Mutilation)" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99" title="השחתת איבר המין הנשי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השחתת איבר המין הנשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="महिला जननांग कर्तन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="महिला जननांग कर्तन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDensko_obrezivanje" title="Žensko obrezivanje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Žensko obrezivanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi_jenital_mutilasyon" title="Fi jenital mutilasyon – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fi jenital mutilasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C5%91i_nemi_szervek_megcsonk%C3%ADt%C3%A1sa" title="Női nemi szervek megcsonkítása – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Női nemi szervek megcsonkítása" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81_%D5%A9%D5%AC%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Կանանց թլպատում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կանանց թլպատում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilation_genital_feminin" title="Mutilation genital feminin – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mutilation genital feminin" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemotongan_kelamin_perempuan" title="Pemotongan kelamin perempuan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemotongan kelamin perempuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibe_nwaany%E1%BB%8B_ugwu" title="Ibe nwaanyị ugwu – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ibe nwaanyị ugwu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilazioni_genitali_femminili" title="Mutilazioni genitali femminili – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mutilazioni genitali femminili" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%99%A8%E5%88%87%E9%99%A4" title="女性器切除 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="女性器切除" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%90" title="ქალთა წინადაცვეთა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქალთა წინადაცვეთა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97_%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A3" title="ಮಹಿಳೆಯ ಜನನಾಂಗ ಹರಣ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಹಿಳೆಯ ಜನನಾಂಗ ಹರಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EC%84%B1_%EC%84%B1%EA%B8%B0_%EC%A0%88%EC%A0%9C" title="여성 성기 절제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="여성 성기 절제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinetkirina_jinan" title="Sinetkirina jinan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sinetkirina jinan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Аялдын жыныс органдарын жабыркаткан операциялар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аялдын жыныс органдарын жабыркаткан операциялар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilatio_genitalium_muliebrium" title="Mutilatio genitalium muliebrium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mutilatio genitalium muliebrium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moter%C5%B3_lyties_organ%C5%B3_%C5%BEalojimas" title="Moterų lyties organų žalojimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Moterų lyties organų žalojimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievie%C5%A1u_apgraiz%C4%AB%C5%A1ana" title="Sieviešu apgraizīšana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sieviešu apgraizīšana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnat_ka_or%C3%A8ng_bin%C3%A8%27" title="Sonnat ka orèng binè' – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Sonnat ka orèng binè'" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="महिला यौनाङ्ग कर्तन – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="महिला यौनाङ्ग कर्तन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Женско обрежување – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Женско обрежување" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%9B%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="സ്ത്രീ ലിംഗഛേദനം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്ത്രീ ലിംഗഛേദനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Эм бэлэг эрхтний зэрэмдэглэлт – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эм бэлэг эрхтний зэрэмдэглэлт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8" title="स्त्रियांमधील जननांग छेदन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्त्रियांमधील जननांग छेदन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilasi_alat_kelamin_wanita" title="Mutilasi alat kelamin wanita – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mutilasi alat kelamin wanita" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB_%E1%80%96%E1%80%BC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%93%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7" title="မမျိုးပွားအင်္ဂါ ဖြတ်တောက်ဖယ်ရှားခြင်း ဓလေ့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မမျိုးပွားအင်္ဂါ ဖြတ်တောက်ဖယ်ရှားခြင်း ဓလေ့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="महिला यौनाङ्ग कर्तन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="महिला यौनाङ्ग कर्तन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrouwelijke_genitale_verminking" title="Vrouwelijke genitale verminking – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vrouwelijke genitale verminking" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kj%C3%B8nnslemlesting" title="Kjønnslemlesting – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjønnslemlesting" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvinnelig_omskj%C3%A6ring" title="Kvinnelig omskjæring – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kvinnelig omskjæring" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%AF%E0%AD%8C%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97_%E0%AC%9B%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%A8" title="ମହିଳା ଯୌନାଙ୍ଗ ଛେଦନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମହିଳା ଯୌନାଙ୍ଗ ଛେଦନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%94%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9F-%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A2" title="ਔਰਤ ਜਣਨ ਅੰਗ ਕੱਟ-ਵੱਢ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਔਰਤ ਜਣਨ ਅੰਗ ਕੱਟ-ਵੱਢ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okaleczanie_%C5%BCe%C5%84skich_narz%C4%85d%C3%B3w_p%C5%82ciowych" title="Okaleczanie żeńskich narządów płciowych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okaleczanie żeńskich narządów płciowych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%81" title="نسوانی ختنہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نسوانی ختنہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%DA%9A%DA%81%D9%88_%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D9%84%DB%90_%D8%BA%D9%88%DA%85%D9%88%D9%84_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84" title="د ښځو د تناسلي آلې غوڅول یا ختنه کول – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ښځو د تناسلي آلې غوڅول یا ختنه کول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutila%C3%A7%C3%A3o_genital_feminina" title="Mutilação genital feminina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mutilação genital feminina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilarea_genital%C4%83_la_femei" title="Mutilarea genitală la femei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mutilarea genitală la femei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Женское обрезание – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Женское обрезание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gusiramura_igitsina_gore" title="Gusiramura igitsina gore – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Gusiramura igitsina gore" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_mittlin" title="Female genital mittlin – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Female genital mittlin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDensko_genitalno_saka%C4%87enje" title="Žensko genitalno sakaćenje – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Žensko genitalno sakaćenje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C_%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්ත්‍රී ප්‍රජනකාංග ඡේදනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්ත්‍රී ප්‍රජනකාංග ඡේදනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Female genital mutilation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDensk%C3%A1_obriezka" title="Ženská obriezka – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ženská obriezka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutilacija_%C5%BEenskih_genitalij" title="Mutilacija ženskih genitalij – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mutilacija ženskih genitalij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuchekwa_kwenhengo_yemunhukadzi" title="Kuchekwa kwenhengo yemunhukadzi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kuchekwa kwenhengo yemunhukadzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudniinka_Fircooniga" title="Gudniinka Fircooniga – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Gudniinka Fircooniga" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjymtimi_gjenital_fem%C3%ABror" title="Gjymtimi gjenital femëror – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjymtimi gjenital femëror" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Генитално сакаћење жена – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Генитално сакаћење жена" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilondza_esitfweni_samake_sangasese" title="Tilondza esitfweni samake sangasese – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Tilondza esitfweni samake sangasese" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho_bolotsa_basadi" title="Ho bolotsa basadi – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Ho 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href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="பெண் உறுப்பு சிதைப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெண் உறுப்பு சிதைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagtutuli_ng_babae" title="Pagtutuli ng babae – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pagtutuli ng babae" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kad%C4%B1n_s%C3%BCnneti" title="Kadın sünneti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kadın sünneti" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r51639">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="background-color:#99BADD;">Mdulidwe wa amayi</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="photograph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg/270px-Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg/405px-Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg/540px-Campaign_road_sign_against_female_genital_mutilation_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="651" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Road sign near <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapchorwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapchorwa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Kapchorwa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uganda (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Uganda</a>, where FGM is outlawed but still practised by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pokot_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pokot people (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Pokot</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sebei_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebei people (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Sabiny</a> and Tepeth people.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:">Description</th><td class="infobox-data">Partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons<sup id="cite_ref-WHO1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:">Areas practised</th><td class="infobox-data">Most common in 27 countries in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub-Saharan_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub-Saharan Africa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">sub-Saharan</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Northeast_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northeast Africa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">north-east Africa</a>, as well as in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yemen (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Yemen</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iraqi Kurdistan (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Iraqi Kurdistan</a><sup id="cite_ref-UNICEF2013p2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNICEF2013p2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:">Numbers</th><td class="infobox-data">133 million in those countries<sup id="cite_ref-133million_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133million-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:">Age performed</th><td class="infobox-data">Weeks after birth to puberty and beyond<sup id="cite_ref-UNICEF2013p50_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNICEF2013p50-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mdulidwe wa amayi</b> malinga ndi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bungwe_Loona_Zaumoyo_Padziko_Lonse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bungwe Loona Zaumoyo Padziko Lonse (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Bungwe Loona Zaumoyo Padziko Lonse</a>, ndi "ndondomeko yodula kapena kuchotsa mbali ina kapena gawo lonse la kachiwalo komwe kamakhala kunja kwa maliseche a munthu wamkazi, kapena kuvulaza ngakhalenso kudula kumalo obisika a munthu wamkazi pa zifukwa zosagwirizana ndi zachipatala."<sup id="cite_ref-WHO1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mdulidwe wa amayi umachitika ngati mbali ya chikhalidwe pakati pa anthu a<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitundu_ya_Anthu_Osiyanasiyana_ku_Afrika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitundu ya Anthu Osiyanasiyana ku Afrika (Tsamba silikupezeka)">mitundu yosiyanasiyana</a> mu mayiko 27 a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumunsi_kwa_chipululu_cha_Sahara_ku_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumunsi kwa chipululu cha Sahara ku Africa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">kumunsi kwa chipululu cha Sahara</a> ndiponso <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumpoto_Chakummawa_kwa_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumpoto Chakummawa kwa Africa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Kumpoto Chakummawa kwa Africa</a>, ndipo mwa apo ndi apo, mdulidwewu umachitikanso ku Asia, ku Middle East ndiponso m'mayiko ena pakati pa anthu amene angosamulira m'mayikowo.<sup id="cite_ref-where_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-where-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Msinkhu umene munthu wamkazi amachitidwa mdulidwewu umasiyanasiyana, kuyambira pakangopita masiku ochepa mwanayo atabadwa kufika pa nthawi imene watha msinkhu; ndi pa hafu ya miyiko amene chiwerengero cha anthu ake chikudziwika bwino, atsikana ambiri amadulidwa asanakwanitse zaka 5.<sup id="cite_ref-UNICEF2013p47,50_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNICEF2013p47,50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mdulidwewu umachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyananso potengera mtundu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ena amachotsa gawo chabe kapena kachiwalo konse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kooneka_ngati_nyemba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kooneka ngati nyemba (Tsamba silikupezeka)">kooneka ngati nyemba</a> ndiponso<a href="/w/index.php?title=Khungu_la_pamwamba_pa_kachiwaloka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khungu la pamwamba pa kachiwaloka (Tsamba silikupezeka)">khungu la pamwamba pa kachiwaloka</a>; gawo chabe kapena kachiwalo konse kooneka ngati nyemba ndi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milomo_yamkati_yakumaliseche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milomo yamkati yakumaliseche (Tsamba silikupezeka)">milomo yamkati yakumaliseche</a>; ndipo ena amafika pochotsa (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Milomo_yonse_yakumaliseche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milomo yonse yakumaliseche (Tsamba silikupezeka)">milomo yonse yakumaliseche</a>) kapena gawo lake la mkati ndi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milomo_yakunja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milomo yakunja (Tsamba silikupezeka)">milomo yakunja</a> ndi khungu lomwe limatseka pa khomo la njira yolowera chida cha abambo. Njira yomaliza ya mdulidweyi, yomwe Bungwe Loona Zaumoyo Padziko Lonse limaitcha <a href="#WHO_Mtundu_III">Mtundu Wachitatu</a> wa Mdulidwe wa Amayi, amasiya kabowo koti pazitulukira mkodzo ndi magazi pa nthawi yosamba, ndipo njira yolowera chida cha abambo imatsegulidwa kuti chidacho chizilowapo pa nthawi yogonana komanso kuti kuzitulukira mwana pa nthawi yobereka.<sup id="cite_ref-TypeIIIdef_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TypeIIIdef-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mavuto okhudzana ndi umoyo amene amatsatirapo amatengera kwambiri njira imene inagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita mdulidwewo, ndipo ena mwa mavutowo ndi matenda osatherapo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tomwe talowa pachilondacho, ululu waukulu, matuza, kusathanso kutenga pakati, kukumana ndi mavuto ambiri pobereka, ndiponso kumwalira chifukwa chotaya magazi ambiri.<sup id="cite_ref-Abdulcadira_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abdulcadira-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mdulidwewu umachitika pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, monga kuona amayi ngati anthu otsika, kufuna kupondereza amayi pa nkhani zogonana, miyamba yokhudza kuyeretsedwa, kudzisunga, ndiponso maonekedwe. Amayi akuluakulu ndi amene nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa mdulidwewu komanso kudula atsikana ndipo amaona kuti munthu akadulidwe amalemekezedwa, komanso amachita izi poopa kuti ngati ana awo aakazi ndiponso adzukulu awo aakazi sadulidwa, ndiye kuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Azisalidwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Azisalidwa (Tsamba silikupezeka)">azisalidwa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amayi ndi atsikana opsa 130 miliyoni anachitidwa mdulidwe m'mayiko 29 amene mdulidwe wa amayi ndi wofala kwambiri.<sup id="cite_ref-133million_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133million-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ndipo amayi ndi atsikana opitirira pa 8 miliyoni anachitidwa mdulidwe wochotseratu gawo la kunja kwa maliseche awo, ndipo ambiri amayi ndi atsikanawa ndi a m'mayiko a Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia, ndi Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-Yoder2008p13_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoder2008p13-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mdulidwe wa amayi ndi woletsedwa mwalamulo m'mayiko ambiri amene mdulidwewu umachitika, koma malamulowo satsatiridwa.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1970, mayiko ndi mabungwe padziko lonse lapansi akhala akulimbikitsa anthu kuti asiye kuchita mdulidwe wa amayi, ndipo mu 2012, pa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Msonkhano_Waukulu_wa_Bungwe_la_United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msonkhano Waukulu wa Bungwe la United Nations (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Msonkhano Waukulu wa Bungwe la United Nations</a>, anagwirizana zoti kuchita mdulidwe wa amayi ndi kuphwana ufulu.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Komabe pali anthu ena amene akutsutsa zoti mdulidwewu uthetsedwe, makamaka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akatswiri_oona_za_chikhalidwe_ndi_mbiri_ya_anhu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akatswiri oona za chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya anhu (Tsamba silikupezeka)">akatswiri oona za chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya anhu</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Silverman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Silverman (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Eric Silverman</a> analemba kuti nkhani zokhudza mdulidwe wa amayi ndi zimene akatswiriwa akumazikonda kwambiri ndipo zimenezi zachititsa kuti anthu ena aziona kuti kuthetsa mchitidwewu ndi kuphwanya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ufulu_ndi_chikhalidwe_cha_mitundu_ina_ya_anthu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ufulu ndi chikhalidwe cha mitundu ina ya anthu (Tsamba silikupezeka)">ufulu ndi chikhalidwe cha mitundu ina ya anthu</a>, ena ayamba kuona kuti mchitidwewu ndi wovomerezeka ndipo munthu aliyense ali ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe wochita mdulidwewu.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Malifalensi">Malifalensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mdulidwe_wa_amayi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Malifalensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Sinthani</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mdulidwe_wa_amayi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Malifalensi"><span>sintha gwero</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Masinde, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/639566-fgm-despite-the-ban-the-monster-still-rears-its-ugly-head-in-uganda.html">"FGM: Despite the ban, the monster still rears its ugly head in Uganda"</a>, <i>New Vision</i>, Uganda, 5 February 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHO1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO1_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO1_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131025011817/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/overview/en/index.html">"Classification of female genital mutilation"</a>, World Health Organization, 2013 (hereafter WHO 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNICEF2013p2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNICEF2013p2_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">"Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Statistical Overview and Exploration of the Dynamics of Change"</a>, United Nations Children's Fund, July 2013 (hereafter UNICEF 2013), p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133million-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-133million_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-133million_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_pdfs/corecode/FGM-C-Brochure-7_15-Final-LR_167.pdf"><i>Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: What Might the Future Hold?</i></a>, New York: UNICEF, 22 July 2014 (hereafter UNICEF 2014), p. 3/6: "If nothing is done, the number of girls and women affected will grow from 133 million today to 325 million in 2050." Also see p. 6/6:<p> "<b>Data sources</b>: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and other nationally representative surveys, 1997–2013. Population data are from: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, <i>World Population Prospects: The 2012 revision</i>, CD-ROM edition, United Nations, New York, 2013.</p>"<b>Notes</b>: Data presented in this brochure cover the 29 countries in Africa and the Middle East where FGM/C is concentrated and for which nationally representative data are available."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNICEF2013p50-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNICEF2013p50_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-where-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-where_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405083031/http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNICEF2013p47,50-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNICEF2013p47,50_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405083031/http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, pp. 47, 50, 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TypeIIIdef-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TypeIIIdef_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131025011817/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/overview/en/index.html">WHO 2013</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110601235935/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241596442_eng.pdf">WHO 2008</a>, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abdulcadira-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abdulcadira_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Abdulcadira, Jasmine; Margairaz, C.; Boulvain, M; Irion, O. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160718085718/http://www.smw.ch/content/smw-2011-13137/">"Care of women with female genital mutilation/cutting"</a>, <i>Swiss Medical Weekly</i>, 6(14), January 2011 (review).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405083031/http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, p. 15: "There is a social obligation to conform to the practice and a widespread belief that if they [families] do not, they are likely to pay a price that could include social exclusion, criticism, ridicule, stigma or the inability to find their daughters suitable marriage partners." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nahid_Toubia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nahid Toubia (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Nahid F. Toubia</a>, Eiman Hussein Sharief, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170101060238/http://www.ijgo.org/article/S0020-7292%2803%2900229-7/fulltext">"Female genital mutilation: have we made progress?"</a>, <i>International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics</i>, 82(3), September 2003, pp. 251–261: "One of the great achievements of the past decade in the field of FGM is the shift in emphasis from the concern over the harmful physical effects it causes to understanding this act as a social phenomenon resulting from a gender definition of women's roles, in particular their sexual and reproductive roles. This shift in emphasis has helped redefine the issues from a clinical disease model (hence the terminology of eradication prevalent in the literature) to a problem resulting from the use of culture to protect social dominance over women's bodies by the patriarchal hierarchy. Understanding the operative mechanisms of patriarchal dominance must also include understanding how women, particularly older married women, are important keepers of that social hegemony." <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:PMID&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:PMID (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Template:PMID</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Doi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Doi (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Template:Doi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoder2008p13-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Yoder2008p13_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Stanley Yoder, Shane Khan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171122012927/https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/WP39/WP39.pdf">"Numbers of women circumcised in Africa: The Production of a Total"</a>, USAID, DHS Working Papers, No. 39, March 2008, pp. 13–14: "Infibulation is practiced largely in countries located in northeastern Africa: Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan. Survey data are available for Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti. Sudan alone accounts for about 3.5 million of the women. ... [T]he estimate of the total number of women infibulated in [Djibouti, Somalia, Eritrea, northern Sudan, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon and Tanzania, for women 15–49 years old] comes to 8,245,449, or just over eight million women." Also see Appendix B, Table 2 ("Types of FGC"), p. 19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405083031/http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, p. 182, identifies "sewn closed" as most common in Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia for the 15–49 age group (a survey in 2000 in Sudan was not included in the figures), and for the daughters of that age group it is most common in Djibouti, Eritrea, Niger and Somalia. See UNICEF statistical profiles: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_country_profiles/corecode/30/Countries/FGMC_DJI.pdf">Djibouti</a> (December 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_country_profiles/corecode/30/Countries/FGMC_ERI.pdf">Eritrea</a> (July 2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_country_profiles/corecode/30/Countries/FGMC_SOM.pdf">Somalia</a> (December 2013). Also see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerry_Mackie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerry Mackie (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Gerry Mackie</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720061010/http://pages.ucsd.edu/~gmackie/documents/MackieASR.pdf">"Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account"</a>, <i>American Sociological Review</i>, 61(6), December 1996 (pp. 999–1017), p. 1002: "Infibulation, the harshest practice, occurs contiguously in Egyptian Nubia, the Sudan, Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia, also known as Islamic Northeast Africa."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">For countries in which it is outlawed or restricted, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150405083031/http://www.unicef.org/media/files/FGCM_Lo_res.pdf">UNICEF 2013</a>, p. 8; for enforcement, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unfpa.org/webdav/site/global/shared/documents/publications/2013/UNICEF-UNFPA%20Joint%20Programme%20AR_final_v14.pdf">UNFPA–UNICEF 2012</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UN_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/67/146">"67/146. Intensifying global efforts for the elimination of female genital mutilation"</a>, United Nations General Assembly, adopted 20 December 2012.<p> Emma Bonino, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/20/opinion/global/banning-female-genital-mutilation.html">"Banning Female Genital Mutilation"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, 19 December 2012. </p></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Silverman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Silverman (Tsamba silikupezeka)">Eric K. Silverman</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/25064860">"Anthropology and Circumcision"</a>, <i>Annual Review of Anthropology</i>, 33, 2004 (pp. 419–445), pp. 420, 427.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Kuchotsa <a dir="ltr" href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mdulidwe_wa_amayi&oldid=53098">https://ny.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mdulidwe_wa_amayi&oldid=53098</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 Okotobala 2024, at 00:14.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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