CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Latin - Wikiversity</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikiversitymwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c6936715-c5e5-46a6-b8de-63f8b622b967","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Latin","wgTitle":"Latin","wgCurRevisionId":2699789,"wgRevisionId":2699789,"wgArticleId":34146,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Latin"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Latin","wgRelevantArticleId":34146,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikiversity","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"}, "wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q397","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.101"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready", "wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="882"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg/800px-CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="588"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg/640px-CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="470"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Latin - Wikiversity"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikiversity.org/wiki/Latin"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikiversity.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikiversity (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikiversity.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Latin"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikiversity Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Latin rootpage-Latin skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Main-Page" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Main_Page"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="n-Browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Browse"><span>Browse</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-Guided-tours" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Guides"><span>Guided tours</span></a></li><li id="n-Random" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomRootpage"><span>Random</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-community" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-community" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Community </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Community_Portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Portal</span></a></li><li id="n-Colloquium" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Colloquium"><span>Colloquium</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:News" title="Find background information on current events"><span>News</span></a></li><li id="n-Projects" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Community_projects"><span>Projects</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Sandbox"><span>Sandbox</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikiversity.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikiversity" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikiversity-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 9.125em; height: 1em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikiversity [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikiversity" aria-label="Search Wikiversity" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikiversity [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikiversity.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Latin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Latin" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikiversity.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Latin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Latin" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Edismiss\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"center\" style=\"\"\u003E\n\u003Cbig\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikiversity:Why_create_an_account%3F\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wikiversity:Why create an account?\"\u003EWhy create a Wikiversity account?\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/big\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Who_this_course_is_for" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Who_this_course_is_for"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Who this course is for</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Who_this_course_is_for-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_to_use_the_course" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_to_use_the_course"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>How to use the course</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-How_to_use_the_course-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle How to use the course subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-How_to_use_the_course-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Time_needed_to_complete_the_course" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Time_needed_to_complete_the_course"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Time needed to complete the course</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Time_needed_to_complete_the_course-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Getting_help" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Getting_help"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Getting help</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Getting_help-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Errors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Errors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Errors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Errors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Supporting materials</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Supporting_materials-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Supporting materials subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Supporting_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_free_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_free_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Other free resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_free_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supplementing_your_study" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supplementing_your_study"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Supplementing your study</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supplementing_your_study-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses_for_the_course" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses_for_the_course"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other uses for the course</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_uses_for_the_course-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other uses for the course subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_uses_for_the_course-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Home_schooling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_schooling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Home schooling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_schooling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_the_course_for_a_class" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_the_course_for_a_class"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Using the course for a class</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_the_course_for_a_class-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Get_involved_in_developing_the_course" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Get_involved_in_developing_the_course"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Get involved in developing the course</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Get_involved_in_developing_the_course-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_credit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_credit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Course credit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course_credit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Other materials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Latin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiversity.org/wiki/Latina" title="Latina – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Latina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikiversity.org/wiki/Fachbereich_Latinistik" title="Fachbereich Latinistik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fachbereich Latinistik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikiversity.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BC%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1:%CE%9B%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC" title="Τμήμα:Λατινικά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τμήμα:Λατινικά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introducci%C3%B3n_al_lat%C3%ADn" title="Introducción al latín – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Introducción al latín" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement:Latin" title="Département:Latin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Département:Latin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/Materia:Grammatica_latina_per_le_superiori_1" title="Materia:Grammatica latina per le superiori 1 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Materia:Grammatica latina per le superiori 1" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introdu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%C3%A0_L%C3%ADngua_Latina" title="Introdução à Língua Latina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Introdução à Língua Latina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikiversity.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Латинский язык – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Латинский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q397#sitelinks-wikiversity" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Resource</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Latin" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuss</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Latin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Latin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Latin" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Latin" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&oldid=2699789" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Latin&id=2699789&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikiversity.org%2Fwiki%2FLatin"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikiversity.org%2Fwiki%2FLatin"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikimedia_projects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikimedia_projects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikimedia Projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Commons" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikibooks" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Project:Main_Page"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikidata" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page"><span>Wikidata</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikinews" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikiquote" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikisource" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikispecies" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikivoyage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="n-Wiktionary" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Project:Main_Page"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="n-Meta-Wiki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li id="n-Outreach" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Outreach</span></a></li><li id="n-MediaWiki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikimania" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimania"><span>Wikimania</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Latin"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Latin&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Latin_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Latin" hreflang="en"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1403" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Latin" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q397" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikiversity</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 93.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 91.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_Times,_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_(1882).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG/137px-Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG/206px-Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG/274px-Ancient_Times%2C_Roman._-_017_-_Costumes_of_All_Nations_%281882%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1893" data-file-height="2485" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 232.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spqrstone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/346px-Spqrstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="231" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/519px-Spqrstone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/691px-Spqrstone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="521" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Romolo_e_remo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Romolo_e_remo.jpg/181px-Romolo_e_remo.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Romolo_e_remo.jpg/272px-Romolo_e_remo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Romolo_e_remo.jpg/363px-Romolo_e_remo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="495" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 194px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 192px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg/288px-Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg/432px-Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg/576px-Karl_Theodor_von_Piloty_Murder_of_Caesar_1865.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1848" data-file-height="1156" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bust_of_Cicero_(1st-cent._BC)_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg/120px-Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg/180px-Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg/240px-Bust_of_Cicero_%281st-cent._BC%29_-_Palazzo_Nuovo_-_Musei_Capitolini_-_Rome_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <hr /> <div class="noprint"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2296931">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-wraplinks a{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding-bottom:0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.4em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding-top:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.4em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-navbar{padding-top:0.6em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Latin</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_I" title="Latin I">Latin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_II" title="Latin II">Latin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_III" title="Latin III">Latin III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_IV" title="Latin IV">Latin IV</a></li></ul></dd></dl></td> </tr></tbody></table></div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="clear:left; margin-bottom: .5em; float: left; padding: .5em 1.4em .8em 0; background: none; width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Salvēte omnēs! </p><p>Latin is a beautiful, complex and ancient language, and there is a consistent desire for online learning resources. It is an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Indo-European languages">Indo-European language</a> which was spoken in Ancient Rome and eventually evolved into the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Romance languages">Romance languages</a> spoken today. It was widely used for academic and scientific discourse well into the nineteenth century and forms an essential part of the specialised terminology in the fields of law and medicine. It is still used in some ecclesiastical contexts. </p><p>These beginners Wikiversity lessons form a non-traditional, informal course aimed at speaking and writing as well as reading. The lessons are supported by practice in words and sentences available on Memrise and AI prompts. The AI prompts give you practice with translation and writing Latin. </p><p>There are three parts, <a href="/wiki/Latin_I" title="Latin I">Latin I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_II" title="Latin II">Latin II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin_III" title="Latin III">Latin III</a>; and a fourth in development, <a href="/wiki/Latin_IV" title="Latin IV">Latin IV</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Who_this_course_is_for">Who this course is for</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Who this course is for" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Who this course is for"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a beginners' course, covering what most people learn in the first two or three years of Latin classes. It is a gently paced but thorough course, and requires no specialized knowledge of grammar to begin. From the first lesson you will learn simple sentences in Latin, with just enough grammar explanation to cover the concepts taught in each lesson. It is suitable for independent learners as young as 10, with good English reading skills. </p><p>The sample sentences are the key part of this course. This is a very natural way of learning, replicating how we all learned language as children, but this course is not like most traditional Latin textbooks. Sentences provide context and make memorization easier, and all the sentences in each lesson have enough in common to highlight the concepts taught in that lesson. If you are just starting out, and don't feel comfortable with a grammar based, reading only approach to learning, this could be a good course for you. </p><p>If you've been struggling learning paradigms, or have begun to feel overwhelmed by dozens of different conjugations and declensions which you know in theory but can't always remember in practice, then this could be a good course for you. Formal vocabulary listings and grammar paradigms are available in the lessons where sentences using those vocabulary words and grammar concepts are first taught, so if you like the traditional approach, that is available to you as well. </p><p>The course steps cover all the main points of Latin grammar. The content is aimed at everyday use as well as common words in literature, enabling you to use Latin as a spoken as well as written language. It is also a good way to practice writing basic Latin. </p><p>By the end of the course, you will have covered most major Latin grammar concepts and know 750-1000 vocabulary words. The subjunctive mood and several sentence types that include more advanced syntax are still remaining to be taught but we hope to add at least some of them in coming months. After that point, Latin courses traditionally shift to emphasize reading literature in Latin. Caesar's <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commentarii_de_Bello_Gallico" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Commentarii de Bello Gallico">Commentāriī dē Bellō Gallicō</a></i>, Cicero's orations, and Vergil's Aeneid are, in increasing order of difficulty, common works studied in such courses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="How_to_use_the_course">How to use the course</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: How to use the course" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: How to use the course"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg/220px-CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg/330px-CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg/440px-CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="925" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>Cicero writing his letters</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="88" data-mwtitle="Pronunciation_of_Latin_(Text).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Pronunciation_of_Latin_(Text).ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Pronunciation_of_Latin_%28Text%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/Pronunciation_of_Latin_%28Text%29.ogg/Pronunciation_of_Latin_%28Text%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>A reading of a passage written by Julius Caesar</figcaption></figure> <p>You should first read the lesson, and then use the lesson practices on Memrise to reinforce what you have learnt. If you are an absolute beginner, you should: </p> <blockquote> <ol><li>Read the lesson;</li> <li>Practice the "words" course on Memrise for the lesson you've read; then</li> <li>Practice with the "sentence" course on Memrise for the lesson you've read</li></ol> </blockquote> <p>This is a very powerful and thorough way of learning. You first get the background information, then you learn the vocabulary and then practice the grammar. If you stick with it, you will be able to learn Latin much more thoroughly and effectively than with most courses, since you are actually using the language. </p><p>Once you get past the first third or half of the course, you will probably want to practice your Latin using other content and tools, to make your learning experience more enjoyable and interesting. </p><p><i><b>Important</b>: reading the lessons but not practising writing and memorising the sentences is unlikely to work. Languages take practice and usage to learn, so please don't expect to just read the Wikiversity lessons and magically understand Latin!</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Time_needed_to_complete_the_course">Time needed to complete the course</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Time needed to complete the course" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Time needed to complete the course"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sentence practice course takes 46 hours to complete. This is active learning time, so would take around 135 days to complete at 20 minutes a day. If you need the vocabulary learning as well, this is 27 hours of practice, or around 75 days at 20 minutes daily. </p><p>The course can be comfortably completed by an average student in around a year or 18 months, assuming a small amount is done daily. </p><p>Note that it is perfectly possible to reduce the sentence practice if you want. You can simply use the 'ignore' function in Memrise, for instance by viewing the level and selecting sentences or words to ignore. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Getting_help">Getting help</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Getting help" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Getting help"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the moment, the best place to ask for help is on the talk (discussion) pages of each exercise. However we will consider finding another more conversational medium, for instance a sub Reddit. There is also a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.memrise.com/t/course-forum-carpelanams-duolingo-latin-sentences-by-zsocipuszmak/2512">discussion page</a> on Memrise for the sentence course. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Errors">Errors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Errors" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Errors"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because the content of lessons has only just been moved from their original home as posts by CarpeLanam on Duolingo's forums, you may find small typographical errors and changes in voice. Please let us know on the talk pages if you spot anything. Links to the original lessons can be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Latin" title="Talk:Latin">discussion page</a> here. </p><p><i><b>We have just completed a first pass at adding macrons. If you spot missing macrons, please feel free to edit and add as necessary, or leave a comment on a talk page if you prefer.</b></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supporting_materials">Supporting materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Supporting materials" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Supporting materials"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These Memrise courses can be ported to Open Source tools. For now, though, you can find them here: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community-courses.memrise.com/community/course/748509/carpe-lanams-latin/">Memrise course for vocabulary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community-courses.memrise.com/community/course/906792/carpe-lanams-latin-sentences/">Memrise course with sentences</a></li></ul> <p>Please note that the sentence course can sometimes trip up, especially with word order variations which are correct but it does not recognise. Most combinations are there, but sometimes you may find correct answers being thrown out as wrong. Our advice is to just roll with it! If you have any problems, you can let the course creator know <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.memrise.com/t/course-forum-carpelanams-duolingo-latin-sentences-by-zsocipuszmak/2512">here</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_free_resources">Other free resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other free resources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Other free resources"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a nearly complete <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Latin">formal course</a> on Wikibooks which could provide a useful second way of looking at Latin grammar and gaining practice. It contains exercises as well as explanations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supplementing_your_study">Supplementing your study</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Supplementing your study" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Supplementing your study"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2661592">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main resource: <a href="/wiki/Latin/Supplementary_Latin_study" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin/Supplementary Latin study">Latin/Supplementary Latin study</a></div> <p>When you learn any language, you should try different ways of using and practising the language. Typically, this will include a lot of reading, suitable to your current level. There is also audio and video available at different levels of Latin which you can use to practice. You can also try conversational Latin, either in person, via Skype chats, or through chatrooms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses_for_the_course">Other uses for the course</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other uses for the course" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Other uses for the course"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_schooling">Home schooling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Home schooling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Home schooling"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The course content is not specifically written with children in mind and may not be the kind of learning that they would naturally enjoy. However, it may be useful to adapt some of the stages for revision or practice around specific skills. The original author of this course learned Latin mostly independently and taught it to children ages 11-15. She values the energy of independent learners of all ages and educational backgrounds, and is very happy if they are helped by this course. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_the_course_for_a_class">Using the course for a class</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Using the course for a class" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Using the course for a class"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It may be possible to use the content in classroom based lessons, especially if these have a conversational practice element. Lessons could also help learners by presenting more written and listening materials. If you do plan to use the lessons in this way please let us know. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Get_involved_in_developing_the_course">Get involved in developing the course</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Get involved in developing the course" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Get involved in developing the course"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>We hope the course will be developed further. This will be discussed on the talk page here. </p><p><i>See <a href="/wiki/Latin/Contribute_Audio" title="Latin/Contribute Audio">Latin/Contribute Audio</a></i> We are adding audio, especially as many words are already recorded and available in Wikimedia Commons, and integrating some of the content with Wiktionary. We need help with missing audio for words, and for whole sentences. </p><p>We know that adding audio to Wikis can be hard so can do all the hard work if you need, or else can help you upload the material. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_credit">Course credit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Course credit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Course credit"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lessons were originally written by CarpeLanam to help beginners who lacked a Latin course on a free online language tool. We are very grateful for her kind permission to reproduce them under a cc-by-sa licence. zsocipuszmak added the sentence course on Memrise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_materials">Other materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other materials" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Other materials"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other materials are available at <a href="/wiki/Portal:Latin" title="Portal:Latin">Portal:Latin</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Latin&oldid=2699789">https://en.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Latin&oldid=2699789</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin" title="Category:Latin">Latin</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 February 2025, at 03:08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy.</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:About">About Wikiversity</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikiversity:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikiversity.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikiversity.org/w/index.php?title=Latin&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikiversity"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Latin</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>8 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c66dc9bfb-mqxwv","wgBackendResponseTime":100,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.095","walltime":"0.131","ppvisitednodes":{"value":142,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1824,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":293,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":7309,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 87.578 1 -total"," 68.62% 60.095 1 Latin/Sidebar"," 55.85% 48.909 1 Template:Noprint"," 53.00% 46.416 1 Template:Sidebar"," 28.77% 25.197 1 Template:Main"," 8.75% 7.664 1 Template:CourseCat"," 2.42% 2.123 1 Template:FULLBOOKNAME"," 2.20% 1.925 1 Template:LeftTOC"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.043","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":765799,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6f54dd9999-6g8xl","timestamp":"20250211040428","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Latin","url":"https:\/\/en.wikiversity.org\/wiki\/Latin","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q397","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q397","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-05-08T00:27:16Z","dateModified":"2025-02-11T03:08:08Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/10\/CiceroEpistulaeAdFamiliaresVenice1547page329Detail.jpg","headline":"Indo-European language of the Italic branch"}</script> </body> </html>