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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Antecedentes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antecedentes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Antecedentes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antecedentes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exemplo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exemplo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Exemplo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exemplo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar a subsecção Exemplo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Exemplo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Segunda_Guerra_Mundial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segunda_Guerra_Mundial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Segunda Guerra Mundial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segunda_Guerra_Mundial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dias_atuais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dias_atuais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dias atuais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dias_atuais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Guerra total</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 52 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9" title="حرب شاملة — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حرب شاملة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_total" title="Guerra total — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guerra total" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_m%C3%BCharib%C9%99" title="Total müharibə — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Total müharibə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4" title="عومومی ساواش — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عومومی ساواش" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Татальная вайна — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Татальная вайна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тотална война — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тотална война" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalni_rat" title="Totalni rat — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Totalni rat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_total" title="Guerra total — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guerra total" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%88" title="شەڕی تەواو — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەڕی تەواو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tot%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_v%C3%A1lka" title="Totální válka — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Totální válka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyfel_diarbed" title="Rhyfel diarbed — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhyfel diarbed" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_krig" title="Total krig — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Total krig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totaler_Krieg" title="Totaler Krieg — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Totaler Krieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_war" title="Total war — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Total war" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totala_milito" title="Totala milito — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Totala milito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_total" title="Guerra total — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guerra total" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erabateko_guda" title="Erabateko guda — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erabateko guda" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="جنگ تمام‌عیار — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ تمام‌عیار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totaalinen_sodank%C3%A4ynti" title="Totaalinen sodankäynti — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Totaalinen sodankäynti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerre_totale" title="Guerre totale — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guerre totale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_total" title="Guerra total — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guerra total" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%AA" title="מלחמה כוללת — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלחמה כוללת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalni_rat" title="Totalni rat — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Totalni rat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tot%C3%A1lis_h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="Totális háború — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Totális háború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Տոտալ պատերազմ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոտալ պատերազմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_total" title="Perang total — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang total" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_totale" title="Guerra totale — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guerra totale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%B7%8F%E5%8A%9B%E6%88%A6" title="国家総力戦 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国家総力戦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%9D%EB%A0%A5%EC%A0%84" title="총력전 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="총력전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Тотал къазауат — carachaio-bálcaro" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Тотал къазауат" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="carachaio-bálcaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totum_bellum" title="Totum bellum — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Totum bellum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tot%C4%81lais_kar%C5%A1" title="Totālais karš — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Totālais karš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_total" title="Perang total — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang total" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwerra_totali" title="Gwerra totali — maltês" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Gwerra totali" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totale_oorlog" title="Totale oorlog — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Totale oorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_krigf%C3%B8ring" title="Total krigføring — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Total krigføring" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_krig" title="Total krig — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Total krig" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_totala" title="Guèrra totala — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Guèrra totala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojna_totalna" title="Wojna totalna — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wojna totalna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboi_total" title="Război total — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Război total" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тотальная война — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тотальная война" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tot_war" title="Tot war — scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tot war" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalni_rat" title="Totalni rat — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Totalni rat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalna_vojna" title="Totalna vojna — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Totalna vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Тотални рат — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тотални рат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_krigf%C3%B6ring" title="Total krigföring — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Total krigföring" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="ஒட்டுமொத்தப் போர் — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒட்டுமொத்தப் போர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%88" title="สงครามเบ็ดเสร็จ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามเบ็ดเสร็จ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topyek%C3%BBn_sava%C5%9F" title="Topyekûn savaş — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Topyekûn savaş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тотальна війна — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тотальна війна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_to%C3%A0n_di%E1%BB%87n" title="Chiến tranh toàn diện — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến tranh toàn diện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E4%BD%93%E6%88%98" title="总体战 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="总体战" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q154605#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Guerra_total" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Guerra_total" rel="discussion" 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href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&as_epq=Guerra+total">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&tbm=nws&q=Guerra+total&oq=Guerra+total">N</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_epq=Guerra+total">L</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&q=Guerra+total">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Outubro de 2024</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks hlist" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);color:inherit;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width:22em;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0.4em 0"></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em">Parte de uma série sobre a</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Guerra" title="Guerra">Guerra</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Willewalde_-_Czar%27s_Guard_capture_4th_line_regiment%27s_standard_at_Austerlitz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Willewalde_-_Czar%27s_Guard_capture_4th_line_regiment%27s_standard_at_Austerlitz.jpg/250px-Willewalde_-_Czar%27s_Guard_capture_4th_line_regiment%27s_standard_at_Austerlitz.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Willewalde_-_Czar%27s_Guard_capture_4th_line_regiment%27s_standard_at_Austerlitz.jpg/375px-Willewalde_-_Czar%27s_Guard_capture_4th_line_regiment%27s_standard_at_Austerlitz.jpg 1.5x, 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Antiguidade">Antiguidade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_na_Idade_M%C3%A9dia" title="Guerra na Idade Média">Idade Média</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_na_Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Industrial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerra na Revolução Industrial (página não existe)">Revolução Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_na_Idade_Contempor%C3%A2nea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerra na Idade Contemporânea (página não existe)">Contemporânea</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Teatro_de_opera%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="Teatro de operações">Campo de batalha</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_a%C3%A9rea" title="Guerra aérea">Ar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_naval" title="Guerra naval">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_terrestre" title="Guerra terrestre">Terra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_urbana" title="Guerra urbana">Urbano</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Arma" title="Arma">Armas</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artilharia" title="Artilharia">Artilharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalaria" title="Cavalaria">Cavalaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantaria" title="Infantaria">Infantaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armas_combinadas" title="Armas combinadas">Armas combinadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_biol%C3%B3gica" title="Guerra biológica">Biológica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Guerra química">Química</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_eletr%C3%B3nica" title="Guerra eletrónica">Eletrónica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_mecanizada" title="Guerra mecanizada">Mecanizada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_nuclear" title="Guerra nuclear">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_psicol%C3%B3gica" title="Guerra psicológica">Psicológica</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1tica_militar" title="Tática militar">Táticas</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arquitetura_militar" class="mw-redirect" title="Arquitetura militar">Arquitetura militar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batalha" title="Batalha">Batalha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carga_(militar)" title="Carga (militar)">carga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trincheira" title="Trincheira">Trincheira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilha" title="Guerrilha">Guerrilha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerco" title="Cerco">Cerco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_anf%C3%ADbia" title="Guerra anfíbia">Anfíbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_convencional" title="Guerra convencional">Convencional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combate_corpo_a_corpo" title="Combate corpo a corpo">Corpo a corpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invas%C3%A3o" title="Invasão">Invasão</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_de_uni%C3%A3o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerra de união (página não existe)">União</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_de_manobra" title="Guerra de manobra">Manobra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Estrat%C3%A9gia_militar" title="Estratégia militar">Estratégia</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavi%C3%B5es_de_guerra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaviões de guerra (página não existe)">Gaviões de guerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerra_de_exaust%C3%A3o" title="Guerra de exaustão">Exaustão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conten%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Contenção">Contenção</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_econ%C3%B3mica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerra económica (página não existe)">Guerra económica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filosofia_da_guerra" title="Filosofia da guerra">Filosofia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Guerra total</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit">Organização</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comando_e_controlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Comando e controlo">Comando e controlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engenharia_militar" title="Engenharia militar">Engenharia militar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forma%C3%A7%C3%A3o_militar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formação militar (página não existe)">Formação</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patente_militar" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Patente militar">Patente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unidade_militar" title="Unidade militar">Unidade militar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Servi%C3%A7os_secretos_militares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serviços secretos militares (página não existe)">Serviços secretos</a></li> <li><a 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fria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuten%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_paz" class="mw-redirect" title="Manutenção de paz">Manutenção de paz</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;color:inherit">Governo e políticas</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscri%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Conscrição">Conscrição</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golpe_de_Estado" title="Golpe de Estado">Golpe de Estado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditadura_militar" title="Ditadura militar">Ditadura militar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_marcial" title="Lei marcial">Lei marcial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarismo" title="Militarismo">Militarismo</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" 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nacional)">Guerras de independência</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding-top: 0.6em;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Guerra" title="Predefinição:Guerra"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Guerra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Guerra (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Guerra&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Ww1646-25.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ww1646-25.jpg/267px-Ww1646-25.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ww1646-25.jpg/401px-Ww1646-25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ww1646-25.jpg/534px-Ww1646-25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="3696" /></a><figcaption>Cartaz da <a href="/wiki/Segunda_Guerra_Mundial" title="Segunda Guerra Mundial">Segunda Guerra Mundial</a> com a convocação de <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a> pela participação de todos os americanos na guerra.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Guerra total</b> é a guerra que inclui todos e quaisquer recursos e <a href="/wiki/Infraestrutura" class="mw-disambig" title="Infraestrutura">infraestruturas</a> associados a civis como alvos militares legítimos, mobiliza todos os recursos da sociedade para lutar na guerra e dá prioridade à guerra sobre as necessidades dos não combatentes. </p><p>O termo foi definido como "Uma guerra que não tem restrições em termos de armas usadas, o território ou combatentes envolvidos, ou os objetivos perseguidos, especialmente aquela em que as leis da guerra são desconsideradas".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em meados do século XIX, os estudiosos identificaram a guerra total como uma classe separada de guerra. Em uma guerra total, a diferenciação entre combatentes e não combatentes diminui devido à capacidade dos lados opostos de considerar quase todos os humanos, incluindo os não combatentes, como recursos que são usados no esforço de guerra.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antecedentes">Antecedentes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Antecedentes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Antecedentes"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A frase "guerra total" remonta à publicação de 1935 das memórias do general alemão <a href="/wiki/Erich_Ludendorff" title="Erich Ludendorff">Erich Ludendorff</a> na <a href="/wiki/Primeira_Guerra_Mundial" title="Primeira Guerra Mundial">Primeira Guerra Mundial</a>, <i>Der totale Krieg</i> ("A guerra total"). Alguns autores estendem o conceito até a obra clássica de <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Clausewitz" title="Carl von Clausewitz">Carl von Clausewitz</a>, <i>On War</i>, como "absoluter Krieg" (guerra absoluta), embora ele não tenha usado o termo; outros interpretam Clausewitz de maneira diferente.<sup id="cite_ref-StrachanHerberg-Rothe2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StrachanHerberg-Rothe2007-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> Guerra total também descreve a "guerre à outrance" francesa durante a <a href="/wiki/Guerra_Franco-Prussiana" title="Guerra Franco-Prussiana">Guerra Franco-Prussiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ChickeringFörster2003_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChickeringFörster2003-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Taithe1999_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taithe1999-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Förster2002_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Förster2002-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em sua carta de 24 de dezembro de 1864 ao Chefe do Estado-Maior durante a <a href="/wiki/Guerra_Civil_Americana" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerra Civil Americana">Guerra Civil Americana</a>, o general da União <a href="/wiki/William_Tecumseh_Sherman" title="William Tecumseh Sherman">William Tecumseh Sherman</a> escreveu que a União estava "não apenas lutando contra exércitos hostis, mas um povo hostil, e deve tornar velhos e jovens, ricos e pobres, sentir a mão dura da guerra, bem como seus exércitos organizados", defendendo a <a href="/wiki/Marcha_de_Sherman_para_o_Mar" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcha de Sherman para o Mar">marcha de Sherman para o mar</a>, a operação que infligiu a destruição generalizada de infraestrutura na Geórgia.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O General <a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a> da <a href="/wiki/For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A9rea_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Força Aérea dos Estados Unidos">Força Aérea dos Estados Unidos</a> atualizou o conceito para a era nuclear. Em 1949, ele propôs pela primeira vez que uma guerra total na era nuclear consistiria em lançar todo o arsenal nuclear em um único golpe avassalador, indo tão longe quanto "matar uma nação".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemplo">Exemplo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Exemplo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Exemplo"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235,_Berlin,_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-J05235%2C_Berlin%2C_Gro%C3%9Fkundgebung_im_Sportpalast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Bundesarchiv Bild</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Segunda_Guerra_Mundial">Segunda Guerra Mundial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Segunda Guerra Mundial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Segunda Guerra Mundial"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Segunda_Guerra_Mundial" title="Segunda Guerra Mundial">Segunda Guerra Mundial</a> foi a guerra total por excelência da modernidade. O nível de mobilização nacional de recursos em todos os lados do conflito, o espaço de batalha sendo contestado, a escala dos exércitos, marinhas e forças aéreas aumentadas por meio do recrutamento, a seleção ativa de alvos entre os não combatentes (e as propriedades dos não combatentes), desrespeito geral pelos <a href="/wiki/Danos_colaterais" class="mw-redirect" title="Danos colaterais">danos colaterais</a> e os objetivos irrestritos dos beligerantes marcaram a guerra total em uma escala multicontinental sem precedentes e insuperável.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dias_atuais">Dias atuais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Dias atuais" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerra_total&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Dias atuais"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Desde o fim da <a href="/wiki/Segunda_Guerra_Mundial" title="Segunda Guerra Mundial">Segunda Guerra Mundial</a>, nenhuma nação industrial travou uma guerra tão grande e decisiva. Isso é provavelmente devido à disponibilidade de armas nucleares,<sup id="cite_ref-GWUniversityWWII_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GWUniversityWWII-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> cujo poder destrutivo e rápida implantação tornam uma mobilização total dos recursos de um país, como na Segunda Guerra Mundial, logisticamente impraticável e estrategicamente irrelevante. Essas armas são desenvolvidas e mantidas com orçamentos de defesa relativamente modestos em tempos de paz. </p><p>No final da década de 1950, o impasse ideológico da Guerra Fria entre o mundo ocidental e a <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="União Soviética">União Soviética</a> resultou em milhares de armas nucleares sendo apontadas de um lado para o outro. Estrategicamente, o equilíbrio igual de poder destrutivo possuído por cada situação lateral passou a ser conhecido como Destruição Mutuamente Assegurada (MAD), considerando que um ataque nuclear de uma superpotência resultaria em contra-ataque nuclear da outra.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCMAD_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCMAD-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> Isso resultaria em centenas de milhões de mortes em um mundo onde, em palavras amplamente atribuídas a <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>, "Os vivos invejarão os mortos".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Durante a <a href="/wiki/Guerra_Fria" title="Guerra Fria">Guerra Fria</a>, as duas superpotências procuraram evitar o conflito aberto entre suas respectivas forças, já que ambos os lados reconheceram que tal conflito poderia facilmente aumentar e envolver rapidamente armas nucleares. Em vez disso, as superpotências lutaram entre si por meio de seu envolvimento em guerras por procuração, aumento militar e confrontos diplomáticos. </p><p>No caso de guerras por procuração, cada superpotência apoiou seus respectivos aliados em conflitos com forças alinhadas com a outra superpotência, como na <a href="/wiki/Guerra_do_Vietn%C3%A3" title="Guerra do Vietnã">Guerra do Vietnã</a> e na <a href="/wiki/Invas%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_do_Afeganist%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasão Soviética do Afeganistão">invasão soviética do Afeganistão</a>. </p><p>Durante as guerras iugoslavas, a <a href="/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_do_Tratado_do_Atl%C3%A2ntico_Norte" title="Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte">OTAN</a> conduziu ataques contra a <a href="/wiki/Rede_el%C3%A9trica" title="Rede elétrica">rede elétrica</a> em território inimigo usando <a href="/wiki/Bomba_de_grafite" title="Bomba de grafite">bombas de grafite</a>. A OTAN afirmou que o objetivo de seus ataques era interromper a infraestrutura militar e as comunicações.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em junho de 2024, o ministro das relações exteriores de <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel_Katz" title="Israel Katz">Israel Katz</a>, em comunicado oficial de seu gabinete, afirmou que o Hezbollah viria a ser "destruído" e o Líbano "atingido com força" em um evento de "guerra total", no contexto do <a href="/wiki/Conflito_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_(2023%E2%80%93presente)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conflito Israel–Hezbollah (2023–presente)">Conflito Israel–Hezbollah (2023–presente)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803105038425">«total war»</a>. <i>Oxford Reference</i> (em inglês). <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803105038425">10.1093/oi/authority.20110803105038425</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de fevereiro de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=total+war&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Reference&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803105038425&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803105038425&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Gunn. "The Moral Dilemma of Atomic Warfare", <i>Aegis: The Otterbein College Humanities Journal</i> , Primavera de 2006, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.otterbein.edu/Aegis/Aegis_2006.pdf#page=67">p. 67</a> .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StrachanHerberg-Rothe2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-StrachanHerberg-Rothe2007_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hew Strachan; Andreas Herberg-Rothe (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clausewitztwenty00stra"><i>Clausewitz in the twenty-first century</i></a>. [S.l.]: Oxford University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clausewitztwenty00stra/page/n78">64</a>–66. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-19-923202-4" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-19-923202-4">978-0-19-923202-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.au=Andreas+Herberg-Rothe&rft.au=Hew+Strachan&rft.btitle=Clausewitz+in+the+twenty-first+century&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-923202-4&rft.pages=64-66&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclausewitztwenty00stra&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChickeringFörster2003-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ChickeringFörster2003_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Roger Chickering; Stig Förster (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ne0rFJbWfdIC&pg=PA8"><i>The shadows of total war: Europe, East Asia, and the United States, 1919–1939</i></a>. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-521-81236-8" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-521-81236-8">978-0-521-81236-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.au=Roger+Chickering&rft.au=Stig+F%C3%B6rster&rft.btitle=The+shadows+of+total+war%3A+Europe%2C+East+Asia%2C+and+the+United+States%2C+1919%931939&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-81236-8&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dne0rFJbWfdIC%26pg%3DPA8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taithe1999-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Taithe1999_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bertrand Taithe (1999). <i>Defeated flesh: welfare, warfare and the making of modern France</i>. [S.l.]: Manchester University Press. p. 35 and 73. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-7190-5621-5" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-7190-5621-5">978-0-7190-5621-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.au=Bertrand+Taithe&rft.btitle=Defeated+flesh%3A+welfare%2C+warfare+and+the+making+of+modern+France&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-5621-5&rft.pages=35+and+73&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Förster2002-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Förster2002_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Stig Förster (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qm4o2vsMTdYC&pg=PA550"><i>On the Road to Total War: The American Civil War and the German Wars of Unification, 1861–1871</i></a>. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. p. 550. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-521-52119-2" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-521-52119-2">978-0-521-52119-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.au=Stig+F%C3%B6rster&rft.btitle=On+the+Road+to+Total+War%3A+The+American+Civil+War+and+the+German+Wars+of+Unification%2C+1861%931871&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-52119-2&rft.pages=550&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQm4o2vsMTdYC%26pg%3DPA550&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwnc.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu/items/show/144">«Letter of William T. Sherman to Henry Halleck, December 24, 1864»</a>. Civil War Era NC</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.btitle=Letter+of+William+T.+Sherman+to+Henry+Halleck%2C+December+24%2C+1864&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Civil+War+Era+NC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcwnc.omeka.chass.ncsu.edu%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F144&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">DeGroot, Gerard J. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6VQCsAZpPrgC&q=the%20entire%20stockpile%20of%20atomic%20bombs%20in%20a%20single%20massive%20attack&pg=PA153"><i>The bomb: a life</i></a> 1st Harvard University Press pbk. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard. p. 153. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-674-01724-5" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-674-01724-5">978-0-674-01724-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.aufirst=Gerard+J.&rft.aulast=DeGroot&rft.btitle=The+bomb%3A+a+life&rft.date=2004&rft.edition=1st+Harvard+University+Press+pbk.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01724-5&rft.pages=153&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=Harvard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6VQCsAZpPrgC%26q%3Dthe%2520entire%2520stockpile%2520of%2520atomic%2520bombs%2520in%2520a%2520single%2520massive%2520attack%26pg%3DPA153&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chickering, Roger (2006). A World at Total War: Global Conflict and the Politics of Destruction, 1937–1945. [S.l.]: Cambridge University Press. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0275987108" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-275-98710-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GWUniversityWWII-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GWUniversityWWII_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/world-war-2.cfm">«World War II (1939–1945)»</a>. <i>The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project</i>. George Washington University</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=World+War+II+%281939%931945%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Eleanor+Roosevelt+Papers+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.gwu.edu%2F~erpapers%2Fteachinger%2Fglossary%2Fworld-war-2.cfm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCMAD-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BBCMAD_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Castella, Tom de (15 de fevereiro de 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17026538">«How did we forget about mutually assured destruction?»</a>. <i>BBC News</i> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=How+did+we+forget+about+mutually+assured+destruction%3F&rft.aufirst=Tom+de&rft.aulast=Castella&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-17026538&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/73/1257.html">«1257. Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (1894–1971). Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations. 1989»</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.btitle=1257.+Nikita+Sergeyevich+Khrushchev+%281894%931971%29.+Respectfully+Quoted%3A+A+Dictionary+of+Quotations.+1989&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F73%2F1257.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Gordon, Michael (4 de maio de 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/04/world/crisis-balkans-overview-nato-air-attacks-power-plants-pass-threshold.html">«CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: THE OVERVIEW; NATO AIR ATTACKS ON POWER PLANTS PASS A THRESHOLD»</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. New York Times</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=CRISIS+IN+THE+BALKANS%3A+THE+OVERVIEW%3B+NATO+AIR+ATTACKS+ON+POWER+PLANTS+PASS+A+THRESHOLD&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.date=1999-05-04&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F05%2F04%2Fworld%2Fcrisis-balkans-overview-nato-air-attacks-power-plants-pass-threshold.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240619-are-israel-and-lebanon-s-hezbollah-on-the-brink-of-war">«Are Israel and Lebanon's Hezbollah on the brink of war?»</a>. <i>France 24</i> (em inglês). 19 de junho de 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de outubro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=Are+Israel+and+Lebanon%27s+Hezbollah+on+the+brink+of+war%3F&rft.date=2024-06-19&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20240619-are-israel-and-lebanon-s-hezbollah-on-the-brink-of-war&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2024/06/18/israel-s-top-diplomat-threatens-lebanese-hezbollah-with-destruction-in-total-war-">«Israel's top diplomat threatens Lebanese Hezbollah with destruction in 'total war<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>»</a>. <i>Al Arabiya News</i>. 18 de junho de 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de outubro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AGuerra+total&rft.atitle=Israel%99s+top+diplomat+threatens+Lebanese+Hezbollah+with+destruction+in+%98total+war%99&rft.date=2024-06-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2FNews%2Fmiddle-east%2F2024%2F06%2F18%2Fisrael-s-top-diplomat-threatens-lebanese-hezbollah-with-destruction-in-total-war-&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:T-26_template.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/T-26_template.svg/50px-T-26_template.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/T-26_template.svg/75px-T-26_template.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/T-26_template.svg/100px-T-26_template.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre <a href="/wiki/Militar" title="Militar">tópicos militares</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. 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