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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Geografija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ceremonijalni_Južni_pol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceremonijalni_Južni_pol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ceremonijalni Južni pol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceremonijalni_Južni_pol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istorijski_monumenti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istorijski_monumenti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Istorijski monumenti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istorijski_monumenti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografski_Južni_pol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografski_Južni_pol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Geografski Južni pol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografski_Južni_pol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geomagnetni_Južni_pol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geomagnetni_Južni_pol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Geomagnetni Južni pol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geomagnetni_Južni_pol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istraživanje_Južnog_pola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istraživanje_Južnog_pola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Istraživanje Južnog pola</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istraživanje_Južnog_pola-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Istraživanje Južnog pola</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istraživanje_Južnog_pola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-19._vek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19._vek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>19. vek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19._vek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1900–1950." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900–1950."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1900–1950.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900–1950.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950–sadašnjost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950–sadašnjost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1950–sadašnjost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950–sadašnjost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klima_i_dan_i_noć" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima_i_dan_i_noć"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Klima i dan i noć</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima_i_dan_i_noć-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Povezano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Južni pol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 143 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suidpool" title="Suidpool — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suidpool" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCdpol" title="Südpol — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Südpol" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%A1%E1%89%A5_%E1%8B%8B%E1%88%8D%E1%89%B3" title="ደቡብ ዋልታ — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደቡብ ዋልታ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notimolan_%E2%80%99Apocok" title="Notimolan ’Apocok — Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Notimolan ’Apocok" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Sud" title="Polo Sud — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Polo Sud" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AB%C3%BEende_%C3%BE%C7%A3re_eaxe" title="Sūþende þǣre eaxe — Staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sūþende þǣre eaxe" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cf%E1%BB%8Dk%E1%BB%8D_agan%CC%84_Osiki" title="Ọfọkọ agan̄ Osiki — obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ọfọkọ agan̄ Osiki" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="القطب الجنوبي — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القطب الجنوبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89" title="قطب جنوبى — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قطب جنوبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81" title="কুমেৰু — Asemijski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কুমেৰু" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asemijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polu_Sur" title="Polu Sur — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Polu Sur" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99nub_q%C3%BCtb%C3%BC" title="Cənub qütbü — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cənub qütbü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%88" title="جنوب قوطبو — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جنوب قوطبو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Көньяҡ полюс — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көньяҡ полюс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Kelod" title="Kutub Kelod — Balinezijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kutub Kelod" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siidpoi" title="Siidpoi — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Siidpoi" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%97it%C5%AB_puolios" title="Pėitū puolios — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pėitū puolios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habagatan_na_Polo" title="Habagatan na Polo — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Habagatan na Polo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Паўднёвы полюс — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўднёвы полюс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Паўднёвы полюс — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўднёвы полюс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Kidul" title="Kutub Kidul — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kutub Kidul" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Южен полюс — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Южен полюс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Salatan" title="Kutub Salatan — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kutub Salatan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81" title="দক্ষিণ মেরু — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দক্ষিণ মেরু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennahel_ar_Su" title="Pennahel ar Su — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pennahel ar Su" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_pol" title="Južni pol — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Južni pol" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol_Sud" title="Pol Sud — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pol Sud" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Къилба полюс — Čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Къилба полюс" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole — Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="South Pole" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A7%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%A9_%E1%8F%A9%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B" title="ᏧᎦᎾᏩ ᏩᏍᏛ — Čeroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏧᎦᎾᏩ ᏩᏍᏛ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Čeroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="جەمسەری باشوور — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جەمسەری باشوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cen%C3%BCp_qutub%C4%B1" title="Cenüp qutubı — Krimeanski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Cenüp qutubı" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimeanski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_p%C3%B3l" title="Jižní pól — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jižní pól" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%C4%95" title="Кăнтăр полюсĕ — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кăнтăр полюсĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegwn_y_De" title="Pegwn y De — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pegwn y De" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydpolen" title="Sydpolen — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sydpolen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCdpol" title="Südpol — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Südpol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Νότιος Πόλος — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νότιος Πόλος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="South Pole" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_poluso" title="Suda poluso — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suda poluso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_sur" title="Polo sur — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Polo sur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5unapoolus" title="Lõunapoolus — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lõunapoolus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegoburua" title="Hegoburua — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hegoburua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8" title="قطب جنوب — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قطب جنوب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4napa" title="Etelänapa — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelänapa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5un%C3%B5naba" title="Lõunõnaba — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Lõunõnaba" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4le_Sud" title="Pôle Sud — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pôle Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdpuul_(eerd)" title="Süüdpuul (eerd) — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Süüdpuul (eerd)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAdpoal" title="Súdpoal — Frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Súdpoal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Pol_Theas" title="An Pol Theas — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Pol Theas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%BB%9E" title="南極點 — gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="南極點" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Sur" title="Polo Sur — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Polo Sur" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99" title="הקוטב הדרומי — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקוטב הדרומי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5" title="दक्षिणी ध्रुव — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दक्षिणी ध्रुव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="South Pole" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polovi_ju%C5%BEne_polutke" title="Polovi južne polutke — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Polovi južne polutke" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9li-sark" title="Déli-sark — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Déli-sark" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A2%D6%87%D5%A5%D5%BC" title="Հարավային բևեռ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարավային բևեռ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Sud" title="Polo Sud — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Polo Sud" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Selatan" title="Kutub Selatan — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kutub Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abagatan_nga_Ungto" title="Abagatan nga Ungto — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Abagatan nga Ungto" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="ЗӀилбухера дунен шод — Ingušetski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ЗӀилбухера дунен шод" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingušetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_polo" title="Suda polo — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Suda polo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%B0urp%C3%B3llinn" title="Suðurpóllinn — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Suðurpóllinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_sud" title="Polo sud — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polo sud" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E7%82%B9" title="南極点 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="南極点" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Kidul" title="Kutub Kidul — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutub Kidul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="სამხრეთი პოლუსი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სამხრეთი პოლუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsuung_A%CC%B1tak_Swanta" title="Tsuung A̱tak Swanta — Tjap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Tsuung A̱tak Swanta" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tjap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%A3%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Оңтүстік полюс — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оңтүстік полюс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A3_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B5" title="ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಧ್ರುವ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಧ್ರುವ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EA%B7%B9%EC%A0%90" title="남극점 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="남극점" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Къыбыла полюс — Karačaj-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къыбыла полюс" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karačaj-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemsera_Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr" title="Cemsera Başûr — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cemsera Başûr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennaghel_an_Soth" title="Pennaghel an Soth — Korniški" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pennaghel an Soth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Korniški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%88%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D1%83%D1%8E%D0%BB" title="Түштүк уюл — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түштүк уюл" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polus_australis" title="Polus australis — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Polus australis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCdpol" title="Südpol — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Südpol" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuudpoeal" title="Zuudpoeal — Limburgiš" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zuudpoeal" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_a%C5%A1igalis" title="Pietų ašigalis — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pietų ašigalis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dienvidpols" title="Dienvidpols — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dienvidpols" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendrontany_Atsimo" title="Tendrontany Atsimo — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tendrontany Atsimo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Selatan" title="Kutub Selatan — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kutub Selatan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Јужен Пол — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јужен Пол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ദക്ഷിണധ്രുവം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദക്ഷിണധ്രുവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Өмнөд туйл — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Өмнөд туйл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5" title="दक्षिण ध्रुव — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दक्षिण ध्रुव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutub_Selatan" title="Kutub Selatan — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kutub Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တောင်ဝင်ရိုးစွန်း — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တောင်ဝင်ရိုးစွန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="جنوب قطب — mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جنوب قطب" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdpool" title="Süüdpool — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Süüdpool" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5" title="दक्षिणी ध्रुव — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दक्षिणी ध्रुव" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuidpool" title="Zuidpool — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zuidpool" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rpolen" title="Sørpolen — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sørpolen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydpolen" title="Sydpolen — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sydpolen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2l_Sud" title="Pòl Sud — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pòl Sud" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B5" title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਧਰੁਵ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਧਰੁਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biegun_po%C5%82udniowy" title="Biegun południowy — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biegun południowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2l_Sud" title="Pòl Sud — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pòl Sud" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="جنوبی قطب — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جنوبی قطب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Sul" title="Polo Sul — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polo Sul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urin_qhipa" title="Urin qhipa — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Urin qhipa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polul_Sud" title="Polul Sud — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Polul Sud" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole_sud" title="Pole sud — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Pole sud" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Южный полюс — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южный полюс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Южный пол — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Южный пол" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D2%95%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Соҕуруу полюс — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Соҕуруу полюс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polu_sud" title="Polu sud — Sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Polu sud" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polu_Sud" title="Polu Sud — Sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Polu Sud" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8F%D8%A7%DA%A9%DA%BB%D9%8A_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="ڏاکڻي قطب — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڏاکڻي قطب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB_%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%90%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="දක්ෂිණ ධ්‍රැවය — Singaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දක්ෂිණ ධ්‍රැවය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="South Pole" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEn%C3%BD_p%C3%B3l" title="Južný pól — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Južný pól" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="قطب جنوبی — Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="قطب جنوبی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_te%C4%8Daj" title="Južni tečaj — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Južni tečaj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirifka_Koonfur" title="Cirifka Koonfur — Somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cirifka Koonfur" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poli_i_Jugut" title="Poli i Jugut — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Poli i Jugut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Јужни пол — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јужни пол" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="preporučen članak"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydpolen" title="Sydpolen — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydpolen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ncha_ya_kusini" title="Ncha ya kusini — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ncha ya kusini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தென் துருவம் — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தென் துருவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ขั้วโลกใต้ — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ขั้วโลกใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnorta_pol%C3%BDus" title="Günorta polýus — Turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Günorta polýus" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timog_Polo" title="Timog Polo — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Timog Polo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Kutbu" title="Güney Kutbu — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Kutbu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Көньяк котып — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Көньяк котып" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%D9%86%DB%87%D8%A8%D9%89_%D9%82%DB%87%D8%AA%DB%87%D9%BE" title="جەنۇبى قۇتۇپ — Ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جەنۇبى قۇتۇپ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Південний полюс — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Південний полюс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="قطب جنوبی — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قطب جنوبی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janubiy_qutb" title="Janubiy qutb — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Janubiy qutb" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvinaba" title="Suvinaba — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Suvinaba" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nam_C%E1%BB%B1c" title="Nam Cực — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nam Cực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katungtungan_Salatan" title="Katungtungan Salatan — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Katungtungan Salatan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dottub_B%C3%ABj-saalum" title="Dottub Bëj-saalum — Volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Dottub Bëj-saalum" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81" title="南极 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="南极" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-South_Pole" title="I-South Pole — Khosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-South Pole" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Khosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ობჟათე პოლუსი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ობჟათე პოლუსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1" title="דרום פאלוס — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דרום פאלוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%BC%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%93_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D" title="ⴰⵙⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵓⵍ — standardni marokanski tamazigt" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵙⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵓⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standardni marokanski tamazigt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E7%82%B9" title="南极点 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="南极点" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5" title="南極 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="南極" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2m-ke%CC%8Dk" title="Lâm-ke̍k — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lâm-ke̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5" title="南極 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="南極" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q933#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_pol" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=history"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Opšte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Ju%C5%BEni_pol" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Ju%C5%BEni_pol" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&oldid=42171165" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&id=42171165&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJu%25C5%25BEni_pol"><span>Skrati URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJu%25C5%25BEni_pol"><span>Preuzmi QR kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Štampanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Ju%C5%BEni+pol"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/GDJ-World-Flags-Globe.svg/80px-GDJ-World-Flags-Globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1899" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Ovaj članak ili jedan njegov dio nije preveden ili je samo djelimično preveden.</b><br /> Ako smatrate da ste sposobni prevesti ga, pogledajte kako uređivati članak, kliknite na link <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit">uredi</a></span></b> i prevedite ga vodeći računa o standardima Wikipedije i srpskohrvatskog jezika.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556895">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&params=90_S_180_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">90°S</span> <span class="longitude">180°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">90°S 180°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-90; 180</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg/250px-Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg/375px-Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg/500px-Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6400" data-file-height="6400" /></a><figcaption>Antarktik i Južni pol na snimku koji je napravila <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> 2005.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Pole-south.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pole-south.gif/250px-Pole-south.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pole-south.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="330" /></a><figcaption>Položaj južnog pola<small> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r42226893">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist">1. Geografski Južni pol 2. Magnetni Južni pol 3. Geomagnetni Južni pol 4. Južni pol nedostupnosti </div></small></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg/250px-Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg/375px-Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg/500px-Ceremonial_South_Pole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Ceremonijalni južni pol sa zastavama država potpisnica Antarktičke povelje</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Južni pol</b> je najjužnija tačka na <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlji</a>, što obuhvata pojmove južnog geografskog i južnog geomagnetnog pola. On je jedna od dve tačke gde <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_rotacija" title="Zemljina rotacija">osa Zemljine rotacije</a> prolazi kroz površinu planete. To je najjužnija tačka na površini <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a> i leži na suprotnoj strani od <a href="/wiki/Severni_pol" class="mw-redirect" title="Severni pol">Severnog pola</a>. Južni pol se nalazi na kontinentu <a href="/wiki/Antarktik" title="Antarktik">Antarktiku</a>. Na ovoj lokaciji se nalazi <a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Dr%C5%BEave" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjedinjene Države">američka</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarna_stanica_Amundsen-Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot (stranica ne postoji)">polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot</a>, koja je bila uspostavljena 1956. godine i bila je permanentno u upotrebi od tog vremena. Geografski Južni pol nije isto što i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_magnetni_pol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Južni magnetni pol (stranica ne postoji)">Južni magnetni pol</a>. </p><p>Južni pol ima više značenja, ali se u geografskom smislu pod tim nazivom podrazumijeva najjužnija točka Zemljine kugle, s koje se u bilo kojem smjeru može ići jedino na sjever. Nalazi se na 90. stupnju južne geografske širine, na području <a href="/wiki/Antarktik" title="Antarktik">Antarktike</a>. Iako je pol na razini mora, iznad tla se nalazi sloj leda visok 3000 m. Ljudska noga je prvi put stupila na Južni pol <a href="/wiki/14._12." title="14. 12.">14. 12.</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>. kada je tamo stigla norveška ekspedicija na čelu s <a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Roaldom Amundsenom</a>. Mjesec dana nakon toga je na Južni pol stigla britanska ekspedicija na čelu s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Falcon_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Falcon Scott (stranica ne postoji)">Robertom Falconom Scottom</a>, čiji su članovi nakon toga umrli od hladnoće i gladi. Godine 1929. je Južni pol prvi put avionom preletio američki admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Byrd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Byrd (stranica ne postoji)">Richard Byrd</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografija">Geografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Geografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Geografija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg/250px-Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg/375px-Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg/500px-Amundsen-scott-south_pole_station_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Ceremonijalni Južni pol u februaru 2008.</figcaption></figure> <p>Za većinu namena, geografski Južni pol je definisan kao južna tačka od dve tačke u kojima Zemljina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Axis_of_rotation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axis of rotation (stranica ne postoji)">osa rotacije</a> preseca njenu površinu (druga tačka je na <a href="/wiki/Severni_pol" class="mw-redirect" title="Severni pol">geografskom Severnom polu</a>). Međutim, zemljina osa rotacije je aktivno podložna malim „pomeranjima” (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Polar_motion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polar motion (stranica ne postoji)">polarno pomeranje</a>), tako da ta definicija nije adekvatna za veoma veoma precizne radove. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Geografski_koordinatni_sistem" class="mw-redirect" title="Geografski koordinatni sistem">Geografske koordinate</a> Južnog pola su obično date jednostavno sa 90°J, pošto je njegova longituda geometrijski nedefinisana ili irelevantna. Kada je neophodno navesti longitudu, može se dati vrednost <span style="white-space:nowrap">0°.</span> Na Južnom polu, svi pravci gledaju na sever. Iz tog razloga, pravci na polu se daju relativno na „severnu mrežu”, što pokazuje ka severu duž meridijana.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Duž gustih latitudnih krugova, u smeru kazaljki na satu je istok, i u suprotnom smeru je zapad. </p><p>Geografski Južni pol je lociran na kontinentu <a href="/wiki/Antarktik" title="Antarktik">Antarktik</a> (mada to nije bio slučaj tokom celokupne <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Earth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Earth (stranica ne postoji)">zemljine istorije</a> zbog <a href="/wiki/Pomeranje_kontinenata" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomeranje kontinenata">pomeranja kontinenata</a>). On sedi povrh nepregledne, neplodne, vetrovite i ledene visoravni na nadmorskoj visini od 2.835 m (9.301 ft), i lociran je oko 1.300 kilometres (0.808 mi) od najbližeg otvorenog mora u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bay_of_Whales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bay of Whales (stranica ne postoji)">Zalivu kitova</a>. Procenjuje se da je led debeo oko 2.700 m (9,000 ft) na polu, tako da je površina kopna ispod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ice_sheet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ice sheet (stranica ne postoji)">ledene ploče</a> zapravo u blizini nivoa mora.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Polarna ledena ploča se pomera brzinom od oko 10 m godišnje u pravcu između 37° i 40° zapadno severne mreže,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i ka <a href="/wiki/Vedelovo_more" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedelovo more">Vedelovom moru</a>. Stoga se pozicija stanice i drugih veštačkih obeležja relativno pomera tokom vremena u odnosu na geografski pol. </p><p>Geografski Južni pol je obeležen kolcem u ledu kao i malim znakom; oni se pomeraju svake godine tokom ceremonije za <a href="/wiki/Nova_godina" title="Nova godina">Novu godinu</a> da bi se kompenzovalo za pomeranje leda.<sup id="cite_ref-antarcticsun2006_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antarcticsun2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Znak sadrži zapis o respektivnim datumima kad su <a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Roald Amundsen</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Falkon_Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Falkon Skot (stranica ne postoji)">Robert F. Skot</a> dosegli do pola, čemu sledi par njihovih kratki citata, i data je elevacija od 9.301 stopa.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Novi kolac za obeležavanje dizajnira i napravi osoblje na lokaciji svake godine.<sup id="cite_ref-antarcticsun2006_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antarcticsun2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ceremonijalni_Južni_pol"><span id="Ceremonijalni_Ju.C5.BEni_pol"></span>Ceremonijalni Južni pol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Ceremonijalni Južni pol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Ceremonijalni Južni pol"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ceremonijalni Južni pol je oblast namenjena pravljenju fotografija na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarna_stanica_Amundsen-Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot (stranica ne postoji)">stanici Južnog pola</a>. Lociran je nekoliko metara od geografskog Južnog pola, i sastoji se od metalne sfere na kratkom bambusnom stubu, okružene zastavama originalnih <a href="/wiki/Suverena_dr%C5%BEava" title="Suverena država">država</a> potpisnica <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_antarkti%C4%8Dke_povelje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem antarktičke povelje (stranica ne postoji)">Antarktičke povelje</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Istorijski_monumenti">Istorijski monumenti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Istorijski monumenti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istorijski monumenti"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg/250px-Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg/375px-Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg/500px-Saludo_a_la_Bandera_Argentina_durante_la_Operaci%C3%B3n_90.jpg 2x" data-file-width="985" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Argentinski vojnici salutiraju zastavi nakon podizanja stuba 1965. godine</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Amundsenov šator</b>: Šator je podigla norveška ekspedicija predvođena Roaldom Amundsenom po svom dolasku 14. decembra 1911. On je trenutno zatrpan snegom i ledom u blizini pola. Proglašen je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historic_Sites_and_Monuments_in_Antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica (stranica ne postoji)">istorijskim mestom ili monumentom</a> (HSM 80), po predlogu Norveške na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_antarkti%C4%8Dke_povelje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem antarktičke povelje (stranica ne postoji)">konsultativnom sastanku Antarktičkog ugovora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-atcm_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atcm-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precizna lokacija šatora nije poznata, ali na bazi proračuna brzine pomeranja leda i akumulacije snega, smatra se da je 2010, ležao između 1,8 i 2,5 km (1,1 i 1,6 milja) od pola na dubini od 17 m (56 ft) ispod sadašnje površine.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Argentinski jarbol za zastavu</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag (stranica ne postoji)">Stub</a> je podignut na geografskom Južnom polu u decembru 1965. od strane <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operaci%C3%B3n_90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operación 90 (stranica ne postoji)">Prve argentinske kopnene polarne ekspedicije</a>, i bio je proglašen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historic_Sites_and_Monuments_in_Antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica (stranica ne postoji)">istorijskim mestom ili monumentom</a> (HSM 1) po predlogu Argentine na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_antarkti%C4%8Dke_povelje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem antarktičke povelje (stranica ne postoji)">konsultativnom sastanku Antarktičkog ugovora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ats_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ats-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografski_Južni_pol"><span id="Geografski_Ju.C5.BEni_pol"></span>Geografski Južni pol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Geografski Južni pol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Geografski Južni pol"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Geografski Južni pol je tačka gde zemljina osa rotacije prolazi kroz površinu Zemlje. Najčešće se pod nazivom „Južni pol“ podrazumeva upravo ova tačka. Južni pol se nalazi na <a href="/wiki/Antarktik" title="Antarktik">Antarktiku</a>. Posmatrač koji stoji na Južnom polu gleda u svim pravcima prema severu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geomagnetni_Južni_pol"><span id="Geomagnetni_Ju.C5.BEni_pol"></span>Geomagnetni Južni pol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Geomagnetni Južni pol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Geomagnetni Južni pol"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Južni magnetni pol je jedan od dva magnetna pola na Zemlji. On se nalazi u blizini geografskog Južnog pola. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istraživanje_Južnog_pola"><span id="Istra.C5.BEivanje_Ju.C5.BEnog_pola"></span>Istraživanje Južnog pola</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Istraživanje Južnog pola" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istraživanje Južnog pola"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prvi ljudi koji su došli do Južnog pola su bili <a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Roald Amundsen</a> i njegov tim, koji su tamo stigli <a href="/wiki/14._decembar" class="mw-redirect" title="14. decembar">14. decembra</a> <a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a>. godine. Amundsenov glavni rival, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Falkon_Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Falkon Skot (stranica ne postoji)">Robert Falkon Skot</a>, je do njega stigao mesec dana kasnije, tačnije <a href="/wiki/17._januar" class="mw-redirect" title="17. januar">17. januara</a> <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a>. godine. Na povratku su Skot i cela njegova ekspedicija umrli od gladi i ekstremne hladnoće. </p><p>Američki admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ri%C4%8Dard_Berd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ričard Berd (stranica ne postoji)">Ričard Berd</a> je <a href="/wiki/29._novembar" class="mw-redirect" title="29. novembar">29. novembra</a> <a href="/wiki/1929" title="1929">1929</a>. godine postao prvi čovek koji je preleteo Južni pol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19._vek">19. vek</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak 19. vek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka 19. vek"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Godine 1820, nekoliko ekspedicija je tvrdilo da su bili prvi koji su videli Antarktik, pri čemu je prva verovatno bila ruska ekspedicija predvođena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabijan_Gotlib_fon_Belingshauzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabijan Gotlib fon Belingshauzen (stranica ne postoji)">Fabijanom Belingshauzenom</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihail_Lazarev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihail Lazarev (stranica ne postoji)">Mihailom Lazarevim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Do prvog iskrcavanja je verovatno došlo nešto više od godinu dana kasnije kada je to učinio američki pomorski kapetan Džon Dejvis. </p><p>Osnovna geografija Antarktičke obale nije bila izučena do kasnog 19. veka. Američki pomorski oficir <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Carls_Vilks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čarls Vilks (stranica ne postoji)">Čarls Vilks</a> je korektno tvrdio da je Antarktik bio novi kontinent, bazirajući svoju tvrdnju na istraživanjima tokom 1839–40,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dok se <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C5%BEejms_Klark_Ros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Džejms Klark Ros (stranica ne postoji)">Džejms Klark Ros</a>, u svojoj ekspediciji iz 1839–43, nadao da će moći da plovi sve do Južnog pola. (On je bio neuspešan.)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900–1950."><span id="1900.E2.80.931950."></span>1900–1950.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak 1900–1950." class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka 1900–1950."><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg/250px-Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg/375px-Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg/500px-Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-160.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4920" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption>Amundsenova ekspedicija Južnog pola, decembar 1911.</figcaption></figure> <p>Britanski istraživač <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Falkon_Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Falkon Skot (stranica ne postoji)">Robert Falkon Skot</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discovery_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discovery Expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Istraživačkoj ekspediciji</a> tokom 1901–04 je bio prvi koji je pokušao da nađe rutu od Antarktičke obale do Južnog pola. Skot, zajedno sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_%C5%A0eklton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest Šeklton (stranica ne postoji)">Ernestom Šekltonom</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Adrian_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Adrian Wilson (stranica ne postoji)">Edvardom Vilsonom</a>, uputio se sa namerom da putuje na jug koliko god je to moguće, i dana 31. decembra 1902, dosegli su 82°16′ JGŠ.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Šeklton se kasnije vratio na Antarktik kao vođa Britanske antarktičke ekspedicije (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nimrod_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nimrod Expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Nimrod ekspedicija</a>) u pokušaju da stignu do pola. Dana 9. januara 1909, sa tri saputnika, dosegao je 88°23' JGŠ – 112 miles (180 km) od pola – pre nego što su bili prisiljeni da se vrate.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimpson-Housley200224_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimpson-Housley200224-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prvi ljudi koji je dosegli do geografskog Južnog pola su bili <a href="/wiki/Norve%C5%A1ka" title="Norveška">Norveđani</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amundsen%27s_South_Pole_expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amundsen's South Pole expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Roald Amundsen i njegova grupa</a> dana 14. decembra 1911. Amundsen je imenovao svoj kamp <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polheim (stranica ne postoji)">Polheim</a> i celokupni plato koji okružuje pol <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Haakon_VII_Vidde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Haakon VII Vidde (stranica ne postoji)">Polje kralja Hokona VII</a></i> u čast kralja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hokon_VII_Norve%C5%A1ki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hokon VII Norveški (stranica ne postoji)">Hokona VII Norveške</a>. Robert Falkon Skot se vratio na Antarktik sa svojom drugom ekspedicijom, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terra_Nova_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terra Nova Expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Tera Nova ekspedicija</a>, inicijalno nesvestan Amundsenove tajne ekspedicije. Skot i četvoro njegovih ljudi su dosegli Južni pol 17. januara 1912, trideset četiri dana nakon Amundsena. Na povratnom putu, Skot i njegovi saputnici su svi umrli od gladi i ekstremne hladnoće. </p><p>Godine 1914. Ernest Šekltonova <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial_Trans-Antarctic_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Imperijalna transantarktička ekspedicija</a> se uputila s namerom prelaska Antarktika preko Južnog pola, ali je njegov brod, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endurance_(1912_ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endurance (1912 ship) (stranica ne postoji)">Izdržljivost</a></i>, bio zamrznut u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sea_ice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sea ice (stranica ne postoji)">napakovanom ledu</a> i potonuo je 11 meseci kasnije. Putovanje preko kontinenta nije bilo izvedeno. </p><p>Američki admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ri%C4%8Dard_Berd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ričard Berd (stranica ne postoji)">Ričard Berd</a>, uz pomoć svog prvog pilota <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernt_Balchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernt Balchen (stranica ne postoji)">Bernta Belčena</a>, postao je prva osoba koja je preletela preko Južnog pola 29. novembra 1929. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950–sadašnjost"><span id="1950.E2.80.93sada.C5.A1njost"></span>1950–sadašnjost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak 1950–sadašnjost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka 1950–sadašnjost"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:SPSM.05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/SPSM.05.jpg/250px-SPSM.05.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/SPSM.05.jpg/375px-SPSM.05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/SPSM.05.jpg/500px-SPSM.05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2756" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarna_stanica_Amundsen-Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot (stranica ne postoji)">Amundsen–Skotova stanica na Južnom polu</a>. </figcaption></figure> <p>Ljudi nisu ponovno kročili na Južni pol do 31. oktobra 1956, kad se tim predvođen <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_J._Dufek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George J. Dufek (stranica ne postoji)">Džordžom Dufekom</a> pripadnikom američke mornarice spustio tamo avionom R4D-5L Skytrain (<a href="/w/index.php?title=C-47_Skytrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-47 Skytrain (stranica ne postoji)">C-47 Skytrain</a>). Američka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarna_stanica_Amundsen-Skot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot (stranica ne postoji)">Polarna stanica Amundsen-Skot</a> je uspostavljena vazdušnim putem tokom 1956–1957 radi <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Geophysical_Year&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Geophysical Year (stranica ne postoji)">Međunarodne geografske godine</a>, i u njoj konstantno boravi osoblje od tog vremena radi istraživanja.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nakon Amundsena i Skota, sledeći ljudi koji su dosegli Južni pol <i>kopnenim putem</i> (mada uz izvesnu vazdušnu podršku) bili su <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hilari" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund Hilari">Edmund Hilari</a> (4. januar 1958) i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vivijan_Fuks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vivijan Fuks (stranica ne postoji)">Vivijan Fuks</a> (19. januar 1958) i njihovi timovi, tokom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_Trans-Antarctic_Expedition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (stranica ne postoji)">Komonveltske transantarktičke ekspedicije</a>. Naknadno je bilo mnogo ekspedicija koje su stigle do Južnog pola kopnenim putem, uključujući one koje su predvodili, Havola, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_P._Crary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert P. Crary (stranica ne postoji)">Krari</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ranulph_Twistleton-Wykeham_Fiennes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ranulph Twistleton-Wykeham Fiennes (stranica ne postoji)">Fines</a>. Prva grupa žena koje se stigle kopnenim putem do pola su bile Pam Jang, Džin Pearson, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lois_Jones_(scientist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lois Jones (scientist) (stranica ne postoji)">Luiz Džouns</a>, Ajlin Maksaveni, Kej Lindsi i Teri Tikhil 1969. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 1978. Mikele Ajlin Rejni je postala prva žena koja je prezimila na Južnom polu.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nakon uspostavljanja baze za logističku podršku <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patriot_Hills_Base_Camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patriot Hills Base Camp (stranica ne postoji)">Bazni kamp Patriot Hils</a> 1987. godine, Južni pol je postao dostupniji za ekspedicije koje nisu pod vladinim pokroviteljstvom. </p><p>Dana 30. decembra 1989, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arved_Fuchs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arved Fuchs (stranica ne postoji)">Arved Fuks</a> i <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Messner" title="Reinhold Messner">Rejnhold Mesner</a> su bili prvi da pređu Antarktik preko Južnog pola bez pomoći životinja ili motornih vozila, koristeći samo skije i uz pomoć vetra.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dve žene, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tori_Murden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tori Murden (stranica ne postoji)">Viktorija E. Murden</a> i Širli Metc dosegle su pol kopnenim putem 17. januara. 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Najbrže putovanje bez podrške do geografskog Južnog pola od okeana je 24 dana i jedan sat od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hercules_Inlet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hercules Inlet (stranica ne postoji)">Herkulesove uvale</a> i ostvario ga je 2011. norveški pustolov Kristijan Ejd,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> koji je nadmašio raniji solo rekord koji je 2009. postavio Amerikanac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Todd_Carmichael&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Todd Carmichael (stranica ne postoji)">Tod Karmajkl</a> od 39 dana i sedam sati, i prethodni grupni rekord postavljen 2009. od 33 dana i 23 sata.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Najbrže solo (žensko) putovanje bez podrške i pomoći do Južnog pola je izvela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hannah_McKeand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hannah McKeand (stranica ne postoji)">Hana Makeand</a> iz UK 2006. godine. Ona je prevalila put za 39 dana i 9 sati. Ona je započela pristup 19. novembra 2006 i završila 28. decembra 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlenday201376_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlenday201376-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U leto 2011/12, zasebne ekspedicije Norvežanina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksander_Gamme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksander Gamme (stranica ne postoji)">Aleksandra Game</a> i Australijanaca <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cas_and_Jonesy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cas and Jonesy (stranica ne postoji)">Džejmsa Kastrisiona i Džastina Džounsa</a> zajedno su tvrdili da je prvi prešli nepodržani put bez pasa ili kajtova od Antarktičke obale do Južnog pola i nazad.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klima_i_dan_i_noć"><span id="Klima_i_dan_i_no.C4.87"></span>Klima i dan i noć</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Klima i dan i noć" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Klima i dan i noć"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="boilerplate seealso"><i>Vidi takođe: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klima_na_Antarktiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klima na Antarktiku (stranica ne postoji)">Klima na Antarktiku</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pono%C4%87no_Sunce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ponoćno Sunce (stranica ne postoji)">Ponoćno Sunce</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Polarna_no%C4%87" title="Polarna noć">Polarna noć</a></i></span></dd></dl> <p>Tokom južne zime (mart–septembar) na Južnom polu nema sunčeve svetlosti, i od 11. maja do 1. avgusta, tokom produženih perioda sumraka, potpuno je tamno (osim mesečine). U leto (septembar–mart), sunce je konstantno iznad horizonta i izgleda kao da se kreće po krugu u suprotnom smeru od kazaljke na satu. Međutim, uvek je nisko na nebu, dostižući maksimum od 23,5° u decembru. Znatan deo sunčeve svetlosti koji doseže do površine biva reflektovan belim snegom. Ovaj nedostatak toplote od Sunca, u kombinaciji sa visokom nadmorskom visinom (oko 2800 m), uzrokuje da Južni pol ima jednu od najhladnijih klima na Zemlji (mada nije najhladnija; rekord drži region u blizini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanica_Vostok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanica Vostok (stranica ne postoji)">stanice Vostok</a>, takođe na Antarktiku, koji leži na višoj elevaciji).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temperature na Južnom polu su znatno niže nego na Severnom polu, prvenstveno zato što je Južni pol lociran na visokoj altitudi usred kontinentalne kopnene mase, dok je Severni pol na nivou mora usred okeana, koji deluje kao toplotni rezervoar.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Južni pol je na nadmorskoj visini od 9,300 feet (2,800 m) mada se stiče osećaj kao da je 11,000 feet (3,400 m).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Centrifugalna sila od okretanja planete povlači atmosferu prema ekvatoru. </p><p>Sredinom leta, kad sunce dostiže svoju maksimalnu elevaciju od oko 23,5 stepena, visoke temperature na Južnom polu u januaru su na −259 °C (−434 °F). Kako šestomesečni dan ističe i Sunce počne da postaje niže, temperature takođe padaju: one dostižu oko −45 °C (−49 °F) u vreme zalaska (kasni mart) i u vreme svitanja (kasni septembar). Sredinom zime, prosečna temperatura ostaje stabilna na oko −58 °C (−72 °F). Najviša temperatura ikad zabeležena na polarna stanici Amundsen-Skot je bila −123 °C (−189.4 °F) na Božić, 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a najniža je bila −828 °C (−1,458.4 °F) 23. juna 23, 1982<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (poređenja radi, najniža direktno merena temperatura bilo gde na Zemlji je −892 °C (−1,573.6 °F) na stanici Vostok 21. jula 1983, mada je −932 °C (−1,645.6 °F) bilo izmereno indirektno pomoću satelita na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isto%C4%8Dni_Antarktik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istočni Antarktik (stranica ne postoji)">istočnom Antarktiku</a> između <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dome_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dome A (stranica ne postoji)">Kupole A</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dome_F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dome F (stranica ne postoji)">Kupole F</a> u avgustu 2010<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>Južni pol ima <a href="/wiki/Pustinja" title="Pustinja">pustinjsku</a> klimu, te prima veoma malu količinu precipitacije. Vlažnost vazduha je u blizini nule. Međutim, jaki vetrovi mogu da uzrokuju snežne smetove, i akumulacija snega iznosi oko 20 cm (8 in) godišnje. Bivša kupola koja se vidi na slikama stanice Amundsen-Skot delimično je zatrpana zbog snežnih oluja, a ulaz u kupolu je bio redovno otvaran buldožerima. Novije zgrade su podignute na šipovima, tako da se sneg ne gradi na bočnim stranama. </p><p><br /> </p> <table align="center" class="wikitable collapsible" style="margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14" style="background: #F2F2F2; color:#000000; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"><b>Klimatološki medijani za Južnog pola</b> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; color:#000000; font-size:90%"> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2;">Mjesec </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="januar / siječanj">jan-sij</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="februar / veljača">feb-velj</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="mart / ožujak">mar-ožu</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="april / travanj">apr-tra</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="maj / svibanj">maj-svi</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="juni / jun / lipanj">jun-lip</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="juli / jul / srpanj">jul-srp</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="august / avgust / kolovoz">aug-kol</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="septembar / rujan">sep-ruj</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="oktobar / listopad">okt-lis</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="novembar / studeni">nov-stu</abbr> </th> <th style="background:#F2F2F2"><abbr title="decembar / prosinac">dec-pro</abbr> </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium; background:#F2F2F2;">godina </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Apsolutni maksimum (<a href="/wiki/Celzijev_stupanj" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijev stupanj">°C</a>) </th> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−14,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−20,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−26,7 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−27,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−25,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−28,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−33,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−32,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−29,3 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−25,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−18,9 </td> <td style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−12,3 </td> <th style="background:#0000DC;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium;"><b>−12,3</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Srednji maksimum (<a href="/wiki/Celzijev_stupanj" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijev stupanj">°C</a>) </th> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−26,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−37,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−49,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−53,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−53,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−54,5 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−55,2 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−54,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−54,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−48,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−36,2 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−26,3 </td> <th style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium;"><b>−45,8</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Srednja dnevna (<a href="/wiki/Celzijev_stupanj" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijev stupanj">°C</a>) </th> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−28,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−40,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−53,7 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−57,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−58,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−58,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−59,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−59,7 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−59,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−51,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−38,2 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−28,0 </td> <th style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium;"><b>−49,5</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Srednji minimum (<a href="/wiki/Celzijev_stupanj" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijev stupanj">°C</a>) </th> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−29,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−43,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−56,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−60,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−61,5 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−62,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−63,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−63,2 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−61,7 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−54,3 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−40,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−29,1 </td> <th style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium;"><b>−52,2</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Apsolutni minimum (<a href="/wiki/Celzijev_stupanj" class="mw-redirect" title="Celzijev stupanj">°C</a>) </th> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−41,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−58,9 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−71,1 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−75,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−78,3 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−82,8 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−80,6 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−79,3 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−79,4 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−72,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−55,0 </td> <td style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−41,1 </td> <th style="background:#00008C;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium;"><b>−82,8</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Precipitacija (<a href="/wiki/Milimetar" title="Milimetar">mm</a>) </th> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,3 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,6 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,2 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,1 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,2 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,1 </td> <td style="background:#000064;color:#<strong class=">Trace </td> <td style="background:#000064;color:#<strong class=">Trace </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,1 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,1 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,1 </td> <td style="background:#F0FFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,3 </td> <th style="text-align:center; background: #F0FFFF; color:#000000; font-size:85%; border-left-width:medium;"><b>23</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#F2F2F2; font-size:90%;">Broj sunčanih sati </th> <td style="background:#FFFF00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">406,1 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">497,2 </td> <td style="background:#FFD700;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">195,3 </td> <td style="background:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,0 </td> <td style="background:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,0 </td> <td style="background:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,0 </td> <td style="background:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,0 </td> <td style="background:#000000;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0,0 </td> <td style="background:#333333;color:#FFFFFF;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">34,1 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">390,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">558,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFF00;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">616,9 </td> <th style="text-align:center; background: #000064; color:#000000; font-size:85%; border-left-width:medium;"><b>26982</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:88%; background: #F2F2F2; color:#000000;"><i>Izvor: Pogoda.ru.net (temperature, 1981–2010, ekstremi 1957–sadašnjost)<sup id="cite_ref-pogoda_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pogoda-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sjeverni_pol" title="Sjeverni pol">Severni pol</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quest.nasa.gov/antarctica/background/cara/movpole.html">"Moving the South Pole"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716140440/http://quest.nasa.gov/antarctica/background/cara/movpole.html">Arhivirano</a> 2011-07-16 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, NASA Quest</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsf.gov/od/opp/support/southp.jsp">Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station</a>, National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southpolestation.com/pole/survey.html">„Where is the real Pole really?”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 3. 2008</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Where+is+the+real+Pole+really%3F&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southpolestation.com%2Fpole%2Fsurvey.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-antarcticsun2006-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-antarcticsun2006_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-antarcticsun2006_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://antarcticsun.usap.gov/pastIssues/2005-2006/2006_01_08.pdf">"Marker makes annual move"</a>. p. 6, Antarctic Sun. January 8, 2006; McMurdo Station, Antarctica.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classicalarchives.com/prs/astro/Antarctica/0640-Sign_at_the__moving__actual_geographical_South_Pole.jpg">„Sign at the (ever moving) actual geographical South Pole (a few feet away from the Ceremonial Pole)”</a>. Pierre R. Schwob Physics/Astronomy<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 5. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Sign+at+the+%28ever+moving%29+actual+geographical+South+Pole+%28a+few+feet+away+from+the+Ceremonial+Pole%29&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Pierre+R.+Schwob+Physics%2FAstronomy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicalarchives.com%2Fprs%2Fastro%2FAntarctica%2F0640-Sign_at_the__moving__actual_geographical_South_Pole.jpg&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Kiefer, Alex (januar 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/photo284509.htm">„South Pole Marker”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 3. 2008</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=South+Pole+Marker&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Kiefer&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.au=Kiefer%2C%26%2332%3BAlex&rft.date=januar+1994&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trekearth.com%2Fgallery%2Fphoto284509.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atcm-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-atcm_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ats.aq/documents/ATCM35/WW/atcm35_ww003_e.pdf">„List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)”</a>. Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 7. 1. 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=List+of+Historic+Sites+and+Monuments+approved+by+the+ATCM+%282012%29&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2012&rft.pub=Antarctic+Treaty+Secretariat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ats.aq%2Fdocuments%2FATCM35%2FWW%2Fatcm35_ww003_e.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=413DE249464BAEBDBF64B335F6B5C576.journals?fromPage=online&aid=8295706">[1]</a> <i>Polar Record</i> / Volume 47 / Issue 03 / July 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ats-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ats_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ats.aq/documents/ATCM35/WW/atcm35_ww003_e.pdf">„List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)”</a>. Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 4. 10. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=List+of+Historic+Sites+and+Monuments+approved+by+the+ATCM+%282012%29&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2012&rft.pub=Antarctic+Treaty+Secretariat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ats.aq%2Fdocuments%2FATCM35%2FWW%2Fatcm35_ww003_e.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Armstrong, Terence (1971). „Bellingshausen and the discovery of Antarctica”. <i>Polar Record</i> <b>15</b> (99): 887–889. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0032247400062112">10.1017/S0032247400062112</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bellingshausen+and+the+discovery+of+Antarctica&rft.jtitle=Polar+Record&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Terence&rft.au=Armstrong%2C%26%2332%3BTerence&rft.date=1971&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=99&rft.pages=887%E2%80%93889&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0032247400062112&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVan_DorenMcHenry1971">Van Doren & McHenry 1971</a>: str. 1326</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerkman200235_12-1">12,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerkman2002">Berkman 2002</a>: str. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimpson-Housley200224-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimpson-Housley200224_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimpson-Housley2002">Simpson-Housley 2002</a>: str. 24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southpolestation.com/trivia/igy2/welch/jones.html">„First Women at Pole”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 8. 2016</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=First+Women+at+Pole&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.southpolestation.com%2Ftrivia%2Figy2%2Fwelch%2Fjones.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://antarcticsun.usap.gov/features/contentHandler.cfm?id=1954">„Famous Firsts”</a>. United States Antarctic Program. 13. 11. 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2016</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Famous+Firsts&rft.atitle=&rft.date=13.+11.+2009&rft.pub=United+States+Antarctic+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fantarcticsun.usap.gov%2Ffeatures%2FcontentHandler.cfm%3Fid%3D1954&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310043609/http://www.suedtirol.info/South_Tyrol/Detail_Famous_persons/D-1208-en-Reinhold_Messner.html">„Südtirol – Diese Seite existiert nicht”</a>. Suedtirol.info. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suedtirol.info/South_Tyrol/Detail_Famous_persons/D-1208-en-Reinhold_Messner.html">originala</a> na datum 10. 3. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 13. 8. 2012</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=S%C3%BCdtirol+%E2%80%93+Diese+Seite+existiert+nicht&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Suedtirol.info&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20120310043609%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.suedtirol.info%2FSouth_Tyrol%2FDetail_Famous_persons%2FD-1208-en-Reinhold_Messner.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Reinhold-Messner">„Britannica Online Encyclopedia”</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 13. 8. 2012</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FReinhold-Messner&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antarctic-circle.org/firsts.htm">„Antarctic Firsts”</a>. 4. 10. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 24. 8. 2016</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Antarctic+Firsts&rft.atitle=&rft.date=4.+10.+2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.antarctic-circle.org%2Ffirsts.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Explorersweb (13. 1. 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.explorersweb.com/polar/news.php?id=19887">„Breaking news: Christian Eide bags the South Pole solo speed ski world record”</a>. explorersweb.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 13. 1. 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Breaking+news%3A+Christian+Eide+bags+the+South+Pole+solo+speed+ski+world+record&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Explorersweb&rft.au=Explorersweb&rft.date=13.+1.+2011&rft.pub=explorersweb.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.explorersweb.com%2Fpolar%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D19887&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/News/Canada/article/563312">„Canadians break speed record trekking to South Pole”</a>. <i>Toronto Star</i>. The Canadian Press. 7. 1. 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 10. 2. 2010</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Canadians+break+speed+record+trekking+to+South+Pole&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.date=7.+1.+2009&rft.series=The+Canadian+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2FNews%2FCanada%2Farticle%2F563312&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlenday201376-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlenday201376_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlenday2013">Glenday 2013</a>: str. 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icetrek.com/?id=432">„Ice Trek Expeditions”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 5. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ice+Trek+Expeditions&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icetrek.com%2F%3Fid%3D432&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130624120256/http://casandjonesy.com.au/expeditions/crossing-the-ice/">„Crossing the Ice”</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://casandjonesy.com.au/expeditions/crossing-the-ice/">originala</a> na datum 24. 6. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 5. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Crossing+the+Ice&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.today%2F20130624120256%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fcasandjonesy.com.au%2Fexpeditions%2Fcrossing-the-ice%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forskning.no/biologisk-mangfold-om-forskning-boker/2008/02/frelseren-wilson">„Wilson, nå er vi framme!”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 5. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Wilson%2C+n%C3%A5+er+vi+framme%21&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforskning.no%2Fbiologisk-mangfold-om-forskning-boker%2F2008%2F02%2Ffrelseren-wilson&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090610045758/http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2001/20020118.htm">Science question of the week</a>, Goddard Space Flight Center.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-is-the-south-pole-col/">Why is the South Pole colder than the North Pole? - Scientific American</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usap.gov/travelAndDeployment/contentHandler.cfm?id=1819">The USAP Portal: Science and Support in Antarctica - Course Material</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Lazzara, Matthew A. (28. 12. 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/blog/2011/12/28/preliminary-report-record-temperatures-at-south-pole-and-nearby-aws-sites/">„Preliminary Report: Record Temperatures at South Pole (and nearby AWS sites…)”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 28. 12. 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Preliminary+Report%3A+Record+Temperatures+at+South+Pole+%28and+nearby+AWS+sites%E2%80%A6%29&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Lazzara&rft.aufirst=Matthew+A.&rft.au=Lazzara%2C%26%2332%3BMatthew+A.&rft.date=28.+12.+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famrc.ssec.wisc.edu%2Fblog%2F2011%2F12%2F28%2Fpreliminary-report-record-temperatures-at-south-pole-and-nearby-aws-sites%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quest.nasa.gov/antarctica/background/NSF/sp-stay.html">Your stay at Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060202103223/http://quest.nasa.gov/antarctica/background/NSF/sp-stay.html">Arhivirano</a> 2006-02-02 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niwa.co.nz/education-and-training/schools/resources/climate/antarctic">„How cold is the Antarctic?”</a>. NIWA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 13. 8. 2012</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=How+cold+is+the+Antarctic%3F&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=NIWA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.niwa.co.nz%2Feducation-and-training%2Fschools%2Fresources%2Fclimate%2Fantarctic&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icecube.wisc.edu/pole/weather">„Antarctic Weather”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25. 5. 2013</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Antarctic+Weather&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficecube.wisc.edu%2Fpole%2Fweather&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasa-usgs-landsat-8-satellite-pinpoints-coldest-spots-on-earth/">"NASA-USGS Landsat 8 Satellite Pinpoints Coldest Spots on Earth"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131211181918/http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasa-usgs-landsat-8-satellite-pinpoints-coldest-spots-on-earth/">Arhivirano</a> 2013-12-11 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>, <i>NASA</i>, December 9, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pogoda-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pogoda_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/89009.htm">„Weather and Climate-The Climate of Amundsen–Scott”</a> (Russian). Weather and Climate (Pogoda i klimat)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 5. 4. 2017</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Weather+and+Climate-The+Climate+of+Amundsen%E2%80%93Scott&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Weather+and+Climate+%28Pogoda+i+klimat%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogodaiklimat.ru%2Fclimate2%2F89009.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFSimpson-Housley2002">Simpson-Housley, Paul (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M1ql3mx8xYgC&pg=PA24"><i>Antarctica: Exploration, Perception and Metaphor</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. str. 24. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-203-03602-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-203-03602-0">978-0-203-03602-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antarctica%3A+Exploration%2C+Perception+and+Metaphor&rft.aulast=Simpson-Housley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Simpson-Housley%2C%26%2332%3BPaul&rft.date=2002&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B24&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.isbn=978-0-203-03602-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM1ql3mx8xYgC%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFGlenday2013">Glenday, Craig (2013). <i>Guinness World Records 2014.</i>. The Jim Patison Group. str. 76. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-1-908843-15-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-1-908843-15-9">978-1-908843-15-9</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guinness+World+Records+2014.&rft.aulast=Glenday&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.au=Glenday%2C%26%2332%3BCraig&rft.date=2013&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B76&rft.pub=The+Jim+Patison+Group&rft.isbn=978-1-908843-15-9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFBerkman2002">Berkman, Paul Arthur (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LDiGTYXZ9X4C&pg=PA35+"><i>Science Into Policy: Global Lessons from Antarctica</i></a>. Academic Press. str. 35. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-12-091560-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-12-091560-6">978-0-12-091560-6</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+Into+Policy%3A+Global+Lessons+from+Antarctica&rft.aulast=Berkman&rft.aufirst=Paul+Arthur&rft.au=Berkman%2C%26%2332%3BPaul+Arthur&rft.date=2002&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B35&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-12-091560-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLDiGTYXZ9X4C%26pg%3DPA35%2B&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFVan_DorenMcHenry1971">Van Doren, Charles Lincoln; McHenry, Robert (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MVU6DS6Re8gC&pg=PA1326+"><i>Webster's Guide to American History: A Chronological, Geographical, and Biographical Survey and Compendium</i></a>. Merriam-Webster. str. 1326. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-87779-081-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-87779-081-5">978-0-87779-081-5</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Webster%27s+Guide+to+American+History%3A+A+Chronological%2C+Geographical%2C+and+Biographical+Survey+and+Compendium&rft.aulast=Van+Doren&rft.aufirst=Charles+Lincoln&rft.au=Van+Doren%2C%26%2332%3BCharles+Lincoln&rft.au=McHenry%2C%26%2332%3BRobert&rft.date=1971&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B1326&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster&rft.isbn=978-0-87779-081-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMVU6DS6Re8gC%26pg%3DPA1326%2B&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ju%C5%BEni_pol"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odjeljak Spoljašnje veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ju%C5%BEni_pol&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spoljašnje veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:South_Pole" title="commons:Category:South Pole"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:South_Pole" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:South Pole">Južni pol</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050331093747/http://astro.uchicago.edu/cara/vtour/pole/">Virtuelna poseta južnom polu</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/obop/spo/livecamera.html">NOAA South Pole Webcam</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150428185409/http://www.adventure-antarctica.de/tag/panorama/">360° Panoramas of the South Pole</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://confluence.org/confluence.php?lat=-90&lon=0&visit=1">Images of this location</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotos-g669046-South_Pole.html">South Pole Photo Gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/environment/geography/poles-and-directions">Poles by the Australian Antarctic Division</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://antarcticsun.usap.gov/">The Antarctic Sun – Online news source for the U.S. Antarctic Program</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160625002841/http://www.bigdeadplace.com/">Big Dead Place</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6281839.stm">UK team makes polar trek history</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aso.gov.au/titles/spoken-word/my-south-polar-expedition/">South Pole Expedition</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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