CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-GB"> <head>  <script type="text/javascript" src=https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/consent/019092e7-fbb7-7ccc-8e42-27bfa2a06757/OtAutoBlock.js ></script> <script src=https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="019092e7-fbb7-7ccc-8e42-27bfa2a06757" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script>  <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta http-equiv="ScreenOrientation" content="autoRotate:disabled"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <title>Indian Language Datasets | Oxford Languages</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' />  <meta name="description" content="Oxford's Indian Language Datasets provide quality digital lexical content for a number of Indian languages. Our content covers monolingual, bilingual, and bilingualized datasets, as well as audio content and example sentences."/> <meta name="robots" content="max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/indian-language-data/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Indian Language Datasets | Oxford Languages" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Oxford's Indian Language Datasets provide quality digital lexical content for a number of Indian languages. Our content covers monolingual, bilingual, and bilingualized datasets, as well as audio content and example sentences." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://languages.oup.com/products/indian-language-data/" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Oxford's Indian Language Datasets provide quality digital lexical content for a number of Indian languages. Our content covers monolingual, bilingual, and bilingualized datasets, as well as audio content and example sentences." /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Indian Language Datasets | Oxford Languages" /> <script type='application/ld+json' class='yoast-schema-graph yoast-schema-graph--main'>{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://languages.oup.com/#website","url":"https://languages.oup.com/","name":"","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://languages.oup.com/?s={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://languages.oup.com/products/indian-language-data/#webpage","url":"https://languages.oup.com/products/indian-language-data/","inLanguage":"en-GB","name":"Indian Language Datasets | Oxford Languages","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://languages.oup.com/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-02-03T16:15:19+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-10T13:00:22+00:00","description":"Oxford's Indian Language Datasets provide quality digital lexical content for a number of Indian languages. Our content covers monolingual, bilingual, and bilingualized datasets, as well as audio content and example sentences."}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//code.jquery.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title=" » Feed" href="https://languages.oup.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title=" » Comments Feed" href="https://languages.oup.com/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cnss_font_awesome_css-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-icons/css/font-awesome/css/all.min.css?ver=5.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cnss_font_awesome_v4_shims-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-icons/css/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.min.css?ver=5.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cnss_css-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-icons/css/cnss.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.9.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles/public/css/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-public.css?ver=3.9.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpsm_ac-font-awesome-front-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/responsive-accordion-and-collapse/css/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpsm_ac_bootstrap-front-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/responsive-accordion-and-collapse/css/bootstrap-front.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='siteorigin-panels-front-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/siteorigin-panels/css/front-flex.min.css?ver=2.30.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id=' add_google_fonts -css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Kanit&display=swap&ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='oups-bootstrpa-bundle-css-css' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentynineteen-style-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/style.css?b-modified=1730657192&ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentynineteen-print-style-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/print.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='print' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/tablepress/css/build/default.css?ver=2.4.4' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-icons/js/cnss.js?ver=1.0-b-modified-1730657210" id="cnss_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="salesforce_nfpluginsettings-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var salesforce_nfpluginsettings = {"clearLogRestUrl":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/salesforce-crm\/debug-log\/delete-all","clearLogButtonId":"nfsalesforcecrm_clear_debug_logger","downloadLogRestUrl":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/salesforce-crm\/debug-log\/get-all","downloadLogButtonId":"nfsalesforcecrm_download_debug_logger"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/ninja-forms-salesforce-crm/assets/js/nfpluginsettings.js?ver=3.3.3-b-modified-1730657207" id="salesforce_nfpluginsettings-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="stripe_nfpluginsettings-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var stripe_nfpluginsettings = {"clearLogRestUrl":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/ninja-forms-stripe\/v1\/debug-log\/delete-all","clearLogButtonId":"stripe_clear_debug_logger","downloadLogRestUrl":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/ninja-forms-stripe\/v1\/debug-log\/get-all","downloadLogButtonId":"stripe_download_debug_logger","_wpnonce":"35beda3ce6"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/ninja-forms-stripe/assets/js/nfpluginsettings.js?ver=3.2.7-b-modified-1730657207" id="stripe_nfpluginsettings-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles/public/js/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-public.js?ver=3.9.1-b-modified-1730657208" id="hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/js/main.js?ver=-b-modified-1730657191" id="main-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.7.1.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="oups-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="oups-bootstrpa-bundle-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/6297" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://languages.oup.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://languages.oup.com/?p=6297' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Flanguages.oup.com%2Fproducts%2Findian-language-data%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Flanguages.oup.com%2Fproducts%2Findian-language-data%2F&format=xml" /> <style type="text/css"> ul.cnss-social-icon li.cn-fa-icon a:hover{opacity: 0.7!important;color:#ffffff!important;} </style><style media="all" id="siteorigin-panels-layouts-head">/* Layout 6297 */ #pgc-6297-0-0 , #pgc-6297-1-0 , #pgc-6297-2-0 , #pgc-6297-3-0 , #pgc-6297-4-0 , #pgc-6297-5-0 , #pgc-6297-6-0 { width:100%;width:calc(100% - ( 0 * 30px ) ) } #pg-6297-0 , #pg-6297-1 , #pg-6297-2 , #pg-6297-3 , #pg-6297-4 , #pg-6297-5 , #pg-6297-6 , #pl-6297 .so-panel { margin-bottom:30px } #pgc-6297-7-0 { width:100% } #pl-6297 #panel-6297-7-0-0 { margin:0px 0px 0px 0px } #pg-6297-7 , #pl-6297 .so-panel:last-of-type { margin-bottom:0px } #pg-6297-0.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-0.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-1.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-1.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-2.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-2.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-3.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-3.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-4.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-4.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-5.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-5.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-6.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-6.panel-no-style , #pg-6297-7.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-7.panel-no-style { -webkit-align-items:flex-start;align-items:flex-start } #pg-6297-1> .panel-row-style , #pg-6297-3> .panel-row-style , #pg-6297-4> .panel-row-style , #pg-6297-5> .panel-row-style , #pg-6297-6> .panel-row-style { padding:0px 0px 40px 0px } #pg-6297-7> .panel-row-style { padding:75px 0px 0px 0px } #panel-6297-7-0-0> .panel-widget-style { padding:0px 0px 0px 0px } @media (max-width:780px){ #pg-6297-0.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-0.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-0 , #pg-6297-1.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-1.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-1 , #pg-6297-2.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-2.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-2 , #pg-6297-3.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-3.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-3 , #pg-6297-4.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-4.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-4 , #pg-6297-5.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-5.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-5 , #pg-6297-6.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-6.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-6 , #pg-6297-7.panel-no-style, #pg-6297-7.panel-has-style > .panel-row-style, #pg-6297-7 { -webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column } #pg-6297-0 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-0 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-1 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-1 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-2 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-2 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-3 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-3 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-4 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-4 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-5 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-5 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-6 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-6 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-7 > .panel-grid-cell , #pg-6297-7 > .panel-row-style > .panel-grid-cell { width:100%;margin-right:0 } #pl-6297 .panel-grid-cell { padding:0 } #pl-6297 .panel-grid .panel-grid-cell-empty { display:none } #pl-6297 .panel-grid .panel-grid-cell-mobile-last { margin-bottom:0px } #pg-6297-7> .panel-row-style , #panel-6297-7-0-0> .panel-widget-style { padding:0px 0px 0px 0px } } </style><link rel="icon" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/cropped-ol-favicon-v1-2024-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/cropped-ol-favicon-v1-2024-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/cropped-ol-favicon-v1-2024-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/cropped-ol-favicon-v1-2024-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css">/** Mega Menu CSS: disabled **/</style>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-N6ZP6KK');</script>  </head> <body data-rsssl=1 class="page-template page-template-inner-changes-image-center page-template-inner-changes-image-center-php page page-id-6297 page-child parent-pageid-74 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive siteorigin-panels siteorigin-panels-before-js mega-menu-menu-1 singular image-filters-enabled">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-N6ZP6KK" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="page" class="site"> <header id="masthead" class="site-header"> <div class="m-i"> <div class="site-branding-container"> <div class="site-branding">  </div> </div> </div> </header>  <div id="content" class="site-content">  <header class="site-header dark sub-white"> <div class="m-i"> <div class="site-header__left header__logo"> <a href="/"><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/logo-1.png" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="site-header__right header__menu"> <button class="btn-mobile-menu"> <span class="btn-mobile-menu__line"></span> <span class="btn-mobile-menu__line"></span> <span class="btn-mobile-menu__line"></span> <span class="btn-mobile-menu__line"></span> </button> <div id="mega-menu-wrap-menu-1" class="mega-menu-wrap"><div class="mega-menu-toggle"><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-left"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-center"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-right"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' id='mega-toggle-block-0'><button aria-label="Toggle Menu" class="mega-toggle-animated mega-toggle-animated-slider" type="button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-box"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-inner"></span> </span> </button></div></div></div><ul id="mega-menu-menu-1" class="mega-menu max-mega-menu mega-menu-horizontal mega-no-js" data-event="hover_intent" data-effect="fade_up" data-effect-speed="200" data-effect-mobile="disabled" data-effect-speed-mobile="0" data-mobile-force-width="false" data-second-click="go" data-document-click="collapse" data-vertical-behaviour="standard" data-breakpoint="768" data-unbind="true" data-mobile-state="collapse_all" data-hover-intent-timeout="300" data-hover-intent-interval="100"><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-22' id='mega-menu-item-22'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">For your<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--1' id='mega-menu-item--1'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research">For your</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_text mega-menu-columns-2-of-6 mega-menu-item-text-7' id='mega-menu-item-text-7'> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/research">Research</a></p> </div> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-columns-1-of-6 mega-menu-item-426' id='mega-menu-item-426'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products">Products<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--2' id='mega-menu-item--2'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products">Products</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-collapse-children mega-menu-item-185' id='mega-menu-item-185'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research/oxford-english-dictionary">The Oxford English Dictionary</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-2158' id='mega-menu-item-2158'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research/oed-labs">OED Labs</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-2133' id='mega-menu-item-2133'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research/oed-researchers-advisory-group/">OED Researchers Advisory Group</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-186' id='mega-menu-item-186'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/research/community">The OED Community</a></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-ancestor mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-23' id='mega-menu-item-23'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">For your<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--3' id='mega-menu-item--3'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products">For your</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_text mega-menu-columns-2-of-6 mega-menu-item-text-2' id='mega-menu-item-text-2'> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/products">Products</a></p> </div> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-ancestor mega-current-menu-parent mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-columns-1-of-6 mega-menu-item-193' id='mega-menu-item-193'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/research/">Research sub<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--4' id='mega-menu-item--4'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/research/">Research sub</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-197' id='mega-menu-item-197'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products/language-datasets">Language Datasets</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-current-menu-item mega-menu-item-7691' id='mega-menu-item-7691'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/indian-language-data" aria-current="page">Indian Language Datasets</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-199' id='mega-menu-item-199'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products/api">Oxford Dictionaries API</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-228636' id='mega-menu-item-228636'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/lexical-datasets-for-nlp/">Lexical Data for NLP</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-20367' id='mega-menu-item-20367'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/dictionary-search-enablement/">Dictionary Solutions</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-55870' id='mega-menu-item-55870'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/pronunciations-text-to-speech/">Pronunciations Data</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-96697' id='mega-menu-item-96697'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/educational-assessment-platforms/">Educational Assessment Platforms</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-33925' id='mega-menu-item-33925'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/assisted-writing-solutions/">Assisted Writing Solutions</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-9566' id='mega-menu-item-9566'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/gamified-learning">Gamified Learning</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-2057' id='mega-menu-item-2057'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products/semantic-english-language-database">Semantic English Language Database</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-276' id='mega-menu-item-276'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/products/partners">Partners</a></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-449' id='mega-menu-item-449'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Our<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--5' id='mega-menu-item--5'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries">Our</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_text mega-menu-columns-2-of-6 mega-menu-item-text-8' id='mega-menu-item-text-8'> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/dictionaries">Dictionaries</a></p> </div> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-columns-1-of-6 mega-menu-item-452' id='mega-menu-item-452'><a class="mega-menu-link">Our sub<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--6' id='mega-menu-item--6'><a class="mega-menu-link">Our sub</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-29108' id='mega-menu-item-29108'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/products/dictionary-solutions/">Dictionaries for your products</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-56467' id='mega-menu-item-56467'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/dictionaries/dictionary-apps/">Dictionary Apps</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-467' id='mega-menu-item-467'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries/#oed">OED</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-1147' id='mega-menu-item-1147'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries/#premium">Oxford Dictionaries Premium</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-470' id='mega-menu-item-470'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries/#learners">For English Learners</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-471' id='mega-menu-item-471'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/dictionaries/#childrens">For Children</a></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-944' id='mega-menu-item-944'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">About<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--7' id='mega-menu-item--7'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us">About</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_text mega-menu-columns-2-of-6 mega-menu-item-text-10' id='mega-menu-item-text-10'> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/about-us">Us</a></p> </div> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-columns-1-of-6 mega-menu-item-945' id='mega-menu-item-945'><a class="mega-menu-link">about sub<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--8' id='mega-menu-item--8'><a class="mega-menu-link">about sub</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-958' id='mega-menu-item-958'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us/our-story">Our Story</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-947' id='mega-menu-item-947'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us/communities">OGL</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-948' id='mega-menu-item-948'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us/how-we-create-language-content">Creating Content</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-949' id='mega-menu-item-949'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/word-of-the-year">Word of the Year</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-2058' id='mega-menu-item-2058'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us/oxford-languages-branding-resources">Branding resources</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-12678' id='mega-menu-item-12678'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about-us/updates">Updates</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-24021' id='mega-menu-item-24021'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/about-us/case-studies/">Case Studies</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-29109' id='mega-menu-item-29109'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://languages.oup.com/about-us/what-is-a-dictionary-dataset/">Our dictionary data</a></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-megamenu mega-menu-item-443' id='mega-menu-item-443'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/contact-us" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">Contact<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-mobile-parent-nav-menu-item mega-menu-item--9' id='mega-menu-item--9'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/contact-us">Contact</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_text mega-menu-columns-2-of-6 mega-menu-item-text-3' id='mega-menu-item-text-3'> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/contact-us">Us</a></p> </div> </li></ul> </li></ul></div><div class="main-menu-more"><ul class="main-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-has-children"><button class="submenu-expand main-menu-more-toggle is-empty" tabindex="-1" aria-label="More" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">More</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M12 2c5.52 0 10 4.48 10 10s-4.48 10-10 10S2 17.52 2 12 6.48 2 12 2zM6 14a2 2 0 1 0 0-4 2 2 0 0 0 0 4zm6 0a2 2 0 1 0 0-4 2 2 0 0 0 0 4zm6 0a2 2 0 1 0 0-4 2 2 0 0 0 0 4z"/></g></svg></button><ul class="sub-menu hidden-links"><li id="menu-item--1" class="mobile-parent-nav-menu-item menu-item--1"><button class="menu-item-link-return"><svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><path d="M15.41 7.41L14 6l-6 6 6 6 1.41-1.41L10.83 12z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg>Back</button></li></ul></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="bg-page bg-blue-gradient-type-first change-position-bg" style="background: url() no-repeat 0 10%, url(https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/comm-right3-e1572005814229.png) no-repeat 100% 70%;"> <div class="p-inner b-container"> <div class="inner-content-page"> <div id="pl-6297" class="panel-layout" ><div id="pg-6297-0" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-top-menu panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-0" ><div id="pgc-6297-0-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-0-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_text panel-first-child" data-index="0" ><div class="widget-title panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-0-0-0" > <div class="textwidget"><p><em>Indian language datasets</em></p> </div> </div></div><div id="panel-6297-0-0-1" class="widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-last-child" data-index="1" ><div class="widget_text wrp-btn-pink-gradient panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-0-0-1" ><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="#get-in-touch">Get in touch</a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-1" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-inner-text-block panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-1" ><div id="pgc-6297-1-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-1-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child" data-index="2" ><div class="textwidget"><h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 72px;"><a class="text-pink-gradient">Indian Language Datasets</a></span></strong></h1> <p> </p> </div></div><div id="panel-6297-1-0-1" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-last-child" data-index="3" ><div class="widget-inner-text-block panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-1-0-1" ><div class="textwidget"><p><span style="font-size: 17pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">At Oxford Languages, we offer quality digital lexical content for a number of Indian languages, and are continuously adding more. Our content covers monolingual, bilingual, and bilingualized datasets, as well as audio content and example sentences.</span></span></p> <p> </p> <p>We have a dedicated programme for creating and developing bidirectional bilingual lexical content in major Indian languages, the <i>Indian Languages Programme (ILP)</i>. The aim is to produce content needed by the digital market, providing resources for third parties, such as government bodies, developers, and educational organizations, to enable these technologies in digitally under-represented languages.</p> <p> </p> <p>With an in-house team of language experts across several Indian languages, you can rely on Oxford Languages for its comprehensive consultancy services in localizing and translating content. Whatever your requirements, we can assist you in finding the right solution to meet your needs. </p> </div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-2" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-inner-table type-first m-the-same-width panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-2" ><div id="pgc-6297-2-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-2-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_media_video panel-first-child panel-last-child" data-index="4" ><div class="m-the-same-width panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-2-0-0" ><div style="width:100%;" class="wp-video"> <video class="wp-video-shortcode" id="video-6297-1" preload="metadata" controls="controls"><source type="video/youtube" src="https://youtu.be/5OtWmbilzJU?_=1" /><a href="https://youtu.be/5OtWmbilzJU">https://youtu.be/5OtWmbilzJU</a></video></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-3" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-inner-text-block panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-3" ><div id="pgc-6297-3-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-3-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child" data-index="5" ><div class="textwidget"><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 48px;"><a class="text-pink-gradient">Available Indian Languages</a></span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">Learn more about the many other languages we provide <a href="/products/language-datasets/available-languages/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here.</a></span></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">For more information on our available languages and to discuss how our language datasets can enhance your products, <a href="/contact-us/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">get in touch</a>.</span></p> </div></div><div id="panel-6297-3-0-1" class="widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-last-child" data-index="6" ><div class="widget_text row-inner-table type-first panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-3-0-1" ><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"> <table id="tablepress-12" class="tablepress tablepress-id-12 center-table"> <thead> <tr class="row-1 odd"> <th class="column-1"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Languages</strong></span></th><th class="column-2"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Monolingual</strong></span></th><th class="column-3"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Bilingual</strong></span></th><th class="column-4"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Semi-bilingual</strong></span></th><th class="column-5"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Example Sentences</strong></span></th><th class="column-6"><span style="font-size: 24px"><strong>Pronunciation</strong></span></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody class="row-hover"> <tr class="row-2 even"> <td class="column-1">Assamese</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-3 odd"> <td class="column-1">Bengali</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-4 even"> <td class="column-1">Gujarati</td><td class="column-2">x</td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4"></td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-5 odd"> <td class="column-1">Hindi</td><td class="column-2">x</td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5">x</td><td class="column-6">x</td> </tr> <tr class="row-6 even"> <td class="column-1">Kannada</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-7 odd"> <td class="column-1">Malayalam</td><td class="column-2">x</td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-8 even"> <td class="column-1">Marathi</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-9 odd"> <td class="column-1">Odia</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-10 even"> <td class="column-1">Punjabi</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-11 odd"> <td class="column-1">Tamil</td><td class="column-2">x</td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> <tr class="row-12 even"> <td class="column-1">Telugu</td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3">x</td><td class="column-4">x</td><td class="column-5"></td><td class="column-6"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-4" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-inner-text-block panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-4" ><div id="pgc-6297-4-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-4-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child panel-last-child" data-index="7" ><div class="widget-inner-text-block panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-4-0-0" ><div class="textwidget"><h3><strong><span style="font-size: 48px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;"><a class="text-pink-gradient">Solutions our data can provide</a></span></strong></h3> <hr /> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Validation:</strong></span> Our <i>wordlists</i> are ideal for customers needing to incorporate word validation and spellcheck into interfaces simply and effectively, such as game developers building username features, or app developers working on spellcheck features.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Display:</strong></span> Our <i>monolingual, bilingual,</i> and <i>thesauri</i> datasets serve as an effective solution in the broader educational space, where having dictionary data in the interface is essential to the user experience, such as click-to-define, expand to see synonyms, and visual presentation of etymologies.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Translation:</strong></span> Suited to adult language learning companies or interfaces, which offer translation and localisation services, or supporting materials, our <i>bilingual</i> or <i>bilingualized</i> datasets provide the perfect fix.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Enhanced Reading:</strong></span> Our <i>monolingual</i> and <i>thesauri</i> datasets are ideal for education platforms that assist learning with reading. A tool or feature may suggest synonyms, collocates, or definitions, which help the reader to develop their understanding, reading, and vocabulary.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Prediction:</strong></span> Our <i>wordlists</i> and <i>n-gram</i> datasets are the optimal solution for interfaces that require improved efficiency of user generated content, such as a predictive text developer.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="color: #fc4e48;"><strong>Pronunciation:</strong></span> Our <i>transcriptions (IPA or plain text)</i> are an excellent solution for customers requiring accurate data with low error margins, such as transliteration specialists, or those working with languages in different scripts.</p> </div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-5" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-inner-text-block panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-5" ><div id="pgc-6297-5-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-5-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child panel-last-child" data-index="8" ><div class="textwidget"><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 48px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;"><a class="text-pink-gradient">Want to know more about our language datasets?</a></span></strong></span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-6" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="wrp-btn-pink-gradient centered-button panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-6" ><div id="pgc-6297-6-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-6-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child panel-last-child" data-index="9" ><div class="textwidget"><p><a href="/contact-us/" id="get-in-touch">Get in touch</a></p> </div></div></div></div></div><div id="pg-6297-7" class="panel-grid panel-has-style" ><div class="row-title panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-6297-7" ><div id="pgc-6297-7-0" class="panel-grid-cell" ><div id="panel-6297-7-0-0" class="so-panel widget widget_black-studio-tinymce widget_black_studio_tinymce panel-first-child panel-last-child" data-index="10" ><div class="widget-title panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-6297-7-0-0" ><div class="textwidget"> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> </div>  <input type="hidden" class="value-signature" value="<a download href='https://gadictionaries-licensing-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/Wordlists/Oxford_English_Wordlist_2018_1.0_full_normalized.txt?Signature=UgHIrFGj14%2BHwRJ2a2CtHnBmtuo%3D&AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAQFTHDJ2LYJGGWLWE&Expires=1733046559' download>https://gadictionaries-licensing-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/Wordlists/Oxford_English_Wordlist_2018_1.0_full_normalized.txt?Signature=UgHIrFGj14%2BHwRJ2a2CtHnBmtuo%3D&AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAQFTHDJ2LYJGGWLWE&Expires=1733046559</a>"> </div> </div> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 m-i"> <div class="site-footer__top"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md"> <div class="b-socials"> <span class="title">Social</span> <ul id="" class="cnss-social-icon " style="text-align:center;"><li class="cn-fa-twitter" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/OxLanguages" title="Twitter" style=""><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/social-icons-x.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="Twitter" title="Twitter" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li><li class="cn-fa-facebook" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/OxLanguages/" title="Facebook" style=""><img src="https://prododcorp.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/i-facebook.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="Facebook" title="Facebook" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li><li class="cn-fa-linkedin" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/oxford-languages-oup" title="LinkedIn" style=""><img src="https://prododcorp.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/neon_line_social_circles_50icon_10px_grid-25-512.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li></ul> </div> </nav> <div class="b-logo"> <a href="https://global.oup.com/" target="_blank" class="logo"><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/images/logo-footer-grey.svg" alt=""></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 m-i"> <div class="site-footer__bottom"> <div class="b-logo"> <a href="/"><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/images/logo-footer-dark.svg" alt=""></a> <div class="b-copyright"> <p>Copyright 漏 2024 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.</p> </div> </div> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md"> <div class="menu-footer-third-container"><ul id="menu-footer-third" class="navbar-nav ms-auto footer-menu-third"><li id="menu-item-257" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-257"><a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-62" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-62"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://corp.oup.com/cookie-policy/">Cookie Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-63" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-63"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://global.oup.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-64" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-64"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="/legal-notice">Legal Notice</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <footer class="site-footer mobile" style="display: none;"> <div class="m-i"> <div class="site-footer__top"> <nav class="nav-menus" role="navigation"> <div class="first-type-menu"> </div> <div class="second-type-menu"> </div> </nav> <div class="b-contact-us"> <div class="b-socials"> <ul id="" class="cnss-social-icon " style="text-align:center;"><li class="cn-fa-twitter" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/OxLanguages" title="Twitter" style=""><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/uploads/social-icons-x.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="Twitter" title="Twitter" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li><li class="cn-fa-facebook" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/OxLanguages/" title="Facebook" style=""><img src="https://prododcorp.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/i-facebook.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="Facebook" title="Facebook" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li><li class="cn-fa-linkedin" style="display:inline-block;"><a class="" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/oxford-languages-oup" title="LinkedIn" style=""><img src="https://prododcorp.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/neon_line_social_circles_50icon_10px_grid-25-512.png" border="0" width="50" height="50" alt="LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn" style="margin:4px;" /></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="b-button"> <a href="/contact-us" class="btn-contact-us btn-stl-transparent">Contact Us</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__bottom"> <div class="b-wrp-menu-bottom"> <nav class="nav-menu" role="navigation"> <div class="menu-footer-third-container"><ul id="menu-footer-third-1" class="footer-menu-third"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-257"><a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-62"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://corp.oup.com/cookie-policy/">Cookie Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-63"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://global.oup.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-64"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="/legal-notice">Legal Notice</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <div class="b-copyright"> <p>Copyright © 2024 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.</p> </div> </div> <div class="b-logo"> <a href="/"><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/images/logo-footer-dark.svg" alt=""></a> <a href="https://global.oup.com/" target="_blank" class="logo"><img src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/images/logo-footer-grey.svg" alt=""></a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/mouse.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-mouse-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/sortable.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-sortable-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="essential-blocks-blocks-localize-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var eb_conditional_localize = []; var EssentialBlocksLocalize = {"eb_plugins_url":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/","image_url":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images","eb_wp_version":"6.6","eb_version":"5.0.7","eb_admin_url":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-admin\/","rest_rootURL":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/","ajax_url":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nft_nonce":"e6cdd553d1","post_grid_pagination_nonce":"23aaebf9a9","placeholder_image":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png","is_pro_active":"false","upgrade_pro_url":"https:\/\/essential-blocks.com\/upgrade","responsiveBreakpoints":{"tablet":1024,"mobile":767}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/essential-blocks/assets/js/eb-blocks-localize.js?ver=31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c-b-modified-1730657209" id="essential-blocks-blocks-localize-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8-b-modified-1730657210" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = {"api":{"root":"https:\/\/languages.oup.com\/wp-json\/","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"},"cached":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-translations"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function( domain, translations ) { var localeData = translations.locale_data[ domain ] || translations.locale_data.messages; localeData[""].domain = domain; wp.i18n.setLocaleData( localeData, domain ); } )( "contact-form-7", {"translation-revision-date":"2024-05-21 11:58:24+0000","generator":"GlotPress\/4.0.1","domain":"messages","locale_data":{"messages":{"":{"domain":"messages","plural-forms":"nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;","lang":"en_GB"},"Error:":["Error:"]}},"comment":{"reference":"includes\/js\/index.js"}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8-b-modified-1730657210" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/responsive-accordion-and-collapse/js/accordion-custom.js?ver=-b-modified-1730657201" id="call_ac-custom-js-front-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/responsive-accordion-and-collapse/js/accordion.js?ver=-b-modified-1730657201" id="call_ac-js-front-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/js/priority-menu.js?ver=1.1-b-modified-1730657191" id="twentynineteen-priority-menu-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/js/touch-keyboard-navigation.js?ver=1.1-b-modified-1730657191" id="twentynineteen-touch-navigation-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LcaM7kkAAAAAA3OLjXXGg-uaCkOJX9-jBzbhRM1&ver=3.0" id="google-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7_recaptcha = {"sitekey":"6LcaM7kkAAAAAA3OLjXXGg-uaCkOJX9-jBzbhRM1","actions":{"homepage":"homepage","contactform":"contactform"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/modules/recaptcha/index.js?ver=5.9.8-b-modified-1730657210" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/hoverIntent.min.js?ver=1.10.2" id="hoverIntent-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="megamenu-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var megamenu = {"timeout":"300","interval":"100"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/megamenu/js/maxmegamenu.js?ver=3.3.1.2-b-modified-1730657208" id="megamenu-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mediaelement-core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mejsL10n = {"language":"en","strings":{"mejs.download-file":"Download File","mejs.install-flash":"You are using a browser that does not have Flash player enabled or installed. Please turn on your Flash player plugin or download the latest version from https:\/\/get.adobe.com\/flashplayer\/","mejs.fullscreen":"Fullscreen","mejs.play":"Play","mejs.pause":"Pause","mejs.time-slider":"Time Slider","mejs.time-help-text":"Use Left\/Right Arrow keys to advance one second, Up\/Down arrows to advance ten seconds.","mejs.live-broadcast":"Live Broadcast","mejs.volume-help-text":"Use Up\/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume.","mejs.unmute":"Unmute","mejs.mute":"Mute","mejs.volume-slider":"Volume Slider","mejs.video-player":"Video Player","mejs.audio-player":"Audio Player","mejs.captions-subtitles":"Captions\/Subtitles","mejs.captions-chapters":"Chapters","mejs.none":"None","mejs.afrikaans":"Afrikaans","mejs.albanian":"Albanian","mejs.arabic":"Arabic","mejs.belarusian":"Belarusian","mejs.bulgarian":"Bulgarian","mejs.catalan":"Catalan","mejs.chinese":"Chinese","mejs.chinese-simplified":"Chinese (Simplified)","mejs.chinese-traditional":"Chinese (Traditional)","mejs.croatian":"Croatian","mejs.czech":"Czech","mejs.danish":"Danish","mejs.dutch":"Dutch","mejs.english":"English","mejs.estonian":"Estonian","mejs.filipino":"Filipino","mejs.finnish":"Finnish","mejs.french":"French","mejs.galician":"Galician","mejs.german":"German","mejs.greek":"Greek","mejs.haitian-creole":"Haitian Creole","mejs.hebrew":"Hebrew","mejs.hindi":"Hindi","mejs.hungarian":"Hungarian","mejs.icelandic":"Icelandic","mejs.indonesian":"Indonesian","mejs.irish":"Irish","mejs.italian":"Italian","mejs.japanese":"Japanese","mejs.korean":"Korean","mejs.latvian":"Latvian","mejs.lithuanian":"Lithuanian","mejs.macedonian":"Macedonian","mejs.malay":"Malay","mejs.maltese":"Maltese","mejs.norwegian":"Norwegian","mejs.persian":"Persian","mejs.polish":"Polish","mejs.portuguese":"Portuguese","mejs.romanian":"Romanian","mejs.russian":"Russian","mejs.serbian":"Serbian","mejs.slovak":"Slovak","mejs.slovenian":"Slovenian","mejs.spanish":"Spanish","mejs.swahili":"Swahili","mejs.swedish":"Swedish","mejs.tagalog":"Tagalog","mejs.thai":"Thai","mejs.turkish":"Turkish","mejs.ukrainian":"Ukrainian","mejs.vietnamese":"Vietnamese","mejs.welsh":"Welsh","mejs.yiddish":"Yiddish"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-and-player.min.js?ver=4.2.17" id="mediaelement-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelement-migrate.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="mediaelement-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mediaelement-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpmejsSettings = {"pluginPath":"\/wp-includes\/js\/mediaelement\/","classPrefix":"mejs-","stretching":"responsive","audioShortcodeLibrary":"mediaelement","videoShortcodeLibrary":"mediaelement"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="wp-mediaelement-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/renderers/vimeo.min.js?ver=4.2.17" id="mediaelement-vimeo-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/plugins/tablepress/js/jquery.datatables.min.js?ver=2.4.4" id="tablepress-datatables-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var expirationDate = new Date(); expirationDate.setTime( expirationDate.getTime() + 31536000 * 1000 ); document.cookie = "pll_language=en; expires=" + expirationDate.toUTCString() + "; path=/; secure; SameSite=Lax"; }()); </script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function($){ var DT_language={"en_US":{}}; $('#tablepress-12').DataTable({"language":DT_language["en_US"],"stripeClasses":["even","odd"],"ordering":false,"paging":false,"searching":false,"info":false}); }); </script><script>document.body.className = document.body.className.replace("siteorigin-panels-before-js","");</script> <script src="https://languages.oup.com/wp-content/themes/twentynineteen_1/js/easydropdown.js"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery(window).resize(function() { setTimeout( function(){ jQuery('.mejs-container').height(jQuery('.mejs-mediaelement iframe').height()); }, 2000); }); jQuery(this).delay(5000).queue(function() { jQuery('.mejs-container').height(jQuery('.mejs-mediaelement iframe').height()); }); }); (function($) { $(document).ready(function() { $('.nf-form-cont .nf-form-title h3').each(function() { var str = $(this).text(); if (str.indexOf('-Original') > -1) { console.log('yes'); $(this).text(str.replace('-Original', '')); } console.log('no'); }) }); })(jQuery); </script> </body> </html>