Nutrients | November-1 2024

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color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 946 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3788/pdf?version=1730792623" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Protective Effect of High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Risk of Incident Type-2 Diabetes in Subjects with MAFLD: The Di@bet.es Study" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3788">Protective Effect of High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Risk of Incident Type-2 Diabetes in Subjects with MAFLD: The <span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="88cce1c8eaedfca6edfb">[email protected]</span> Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ana Lago-Sampedro</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wasima Oualla-Bachiri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sara García-Serrano</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristina Maldonado-Araque</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sergio Valdés</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Viyey Doulatram-Gamgaram</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gabriel Olveira</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elias Delgado</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Felipe Javier Chaves</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luis Castaño</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alfonso Calle-Pascual</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Josep Franch-Nadal</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gemma Rojo-Martínez</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eva García-Escobar</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3788; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213788">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213788</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1493 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) increases the risk of Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown advantages in the management of MAFLD and preventing co-morbidities; however, its relationship with T2DM development in MAFLD has been less investigated. We <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3788/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) increases the risk of Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown advantages in the management of MAFLD and preventing co-morbidities; however, its relationship with T2DM development in MAFLD has been less investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association of MD adherence with the risk of incident T2DM in the Spanish adult population with MAFLD and according to their weight gain at 7.5 years follow-up. <b>Methods</b>: A cohort of 714 participants (without weight increment: 377; with weight increment: 337) from the <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="80c4e9c0e2e5f4aee5f3">[email protected]</a> cohort study with MAFLD and without T2DM at baseline were investigated. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, clinical data, and a survey on habits were recorded. OGTT and fasting blood biochemistry determinations were made. Baseline adherence to MD was estimated by the adapted 14-point MEDAS questionnaire and categorized as high and low adherence. <b>Results</b>: In total, 98 people developed T2DM at follow-up. The high adherence to MD was inversely associated with the development of T2DM in both the overall population (0.52 [0.31–0.87]) and subjects without weight gain at follow-up (0.35 [0.16–0.78]). <b>Conclusions</b>: Our results suggest the protective effect of high adherence to MD regarding the risk of T2DM in subjects with MAFLD, with this health benefit being more evident in men with the absence of weight gain. These results support the recommendations for MD use in these patients. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3788">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/U49ZTY93A3 ">Impacts of the Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3788/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513928"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513928"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513928" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513928" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513928" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513928-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-ag-550.jpg?1730814928" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script id="images1513928" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513928-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-g001-550.jpg?1730814794'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513928-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-g002-550.jpg?1730814796'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513928-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-ag-550.jpg?1730814928" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3788'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-g001-550.jpg?1730814794" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of the cohort study.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3788'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03788/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03788-g002-550.jpg?1730814796" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Odd ratios forest plot of association between adherence to Mediterranean diet (high vs. low) and incident T2DM in overall population and stratified by sex and weight gain at follow-up. Dots and bars are ORs and 95% CI for incident T2DM derived from multiple logistic regression analyses. M1: Logistic regression model for the risk of T2DM incidence adjusted by sex (except in the sex-based analysis), age, abdominal obesity, weight gain (except in the weight gain-based analysis), fasting serum glucose levels, and family history of T2DM. M2: M1 + insulin resistance index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and steatogenic medication. M3: M2 + lifestyle variables (smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and physical activity).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3788'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513913" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1513913" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1513913" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1513913" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3787/s1?version=1730736404"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 259 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 2242 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3787/pdf?version=1730779819" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Household Consumption of Adequately Iodized Salt: A Multi-Country Analysis of Socioeconomic Disparities" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3787">Household Consumption of Adequately Iodized Salt: A Multi-Country Analysis of Socioeconomic Disparities</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela M. Sáez-Ramírez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Horacio Chacon-Torrico</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Akram Hernández-Vásquez</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3787; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213787">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213787</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 682 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Despite global efforts to promote universal salt iodization, iodine deficiency remains a public health issue in developing countries. Objectives: This study assessed the proportion and sociodemographic characteristics of households consuming adequately iodized salt in 49 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Data from <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3787/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Despite global efforts to promote universal salt iodization, iodine deficiency remains a public health issue in developing countries. Objectives: This study assessed the proportion and sociodemographic characteristics of households consuming adequately iodized salt in 49 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Data from DHS surveys of 49 low- and middle-income countries (2005–2021) were used to analyze household iodized salt prevalence. R version 4.0 was employed for statistical analyses. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate overall and regional prevalence. Results: We found that 83.4% of households consume adequately iodized salt, although with high heterogeneity (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 100.0%). The East Asia and Pacific and the Europe and Central Asia regions showed high consumption rates of 87.6% and 87.7%, respectively, while Latin America and the Caribbean presented a significantly lower proportion of 30.8%. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for enhanced public health strategies to increase iodized salt consumption, especially in low-income and rural households. Addressing disparities in access, education, and affordability is crucial for improving iodine intake and preventing deficiency disorders, particularly among vulnerable populations like children and pregnant women. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3787">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/061JE1DL32 ">Iodine Fortification in Food Production and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3787/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513913"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513913"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513913" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513913" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513913" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g001-550.jpg?1730779921" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513913" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g002-550.jpg?1730779923'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g003-550.jpg?1730779924'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g004-550.jpg?1730779925'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g005-550.jpg?1730779926'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513913-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g001-550.jpg?1730779921" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The DHS surveys included in the study.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3787'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g002-550.jpg?1730779923" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The prevalence of adequately iodized salt consumption in different countries and regions, as classified by the World Bank.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3787'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g003-550.jpg?1730779924" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The prevalence of adequately iodized salt consumption in households by country, national prevalence, and wealth quintiles. The circles represent iodized salt consumption levels segmented by wealth quintiles, with color coding as follows: orange for the poorest quintile, purple for poorer, green for middle, blue for richer, and red for the richest. The black diamond indicates the national prevalence.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3787'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g004-550.jpg?1730779925" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The prevalence of adequately iodized salt consumption in households by country, national prevalence, and educational level. The circles represent iodized salt consumption levels segmented by education levels, with color coding as follows: purple for those with no formal education or only preschool, green for primary education, blue for secondary education, and red for higher education. The black diamond indicates the national prevalence.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3787'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03787/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03787-g005-550.jpg?1730779926" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The prevalence of adequately iodized salt consumption in households by country, national prevalence, and area of residence. The circles represent iodized salt consumption levels segmented by residence area, with color coding as follows: blue for rural areas and red for urban areas. The black diamond denotes the national prevalence.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3787'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513801" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 884 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3786/pdf?version=1730787402" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Supplementation on Clinical Manifestations and Inflammatory Parameters in Individuals with Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Literature Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3786">The Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Supplementation on Clinical Manifestations and Inflammatory Parameters in Individuals with Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Literature Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Catarina Bento da Nave</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paula Pereira</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria Leonor Silva</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3786; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213786">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213786</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 761 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background. Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes dry mouth and eyes and can lead to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 5–10% of cases after 10 years. Clinical trials have shown that the oral administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seems to have <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3786/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background. Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes dry mouth and eyes and can lead to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 5–10% of cases after 10 years. Clinical trials have shown that the oral administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seems to have a beneficial effect on Sjögren’s syndrome. Aim. This literature review provides an overview of the effects of PUFA supplementation on clinical manifestations and inflammatory parameters in Sjögren’s syndrome. Methodology. We conducted a literature review using the PubMed, Biomed Central, and Cochrane Library electronic databases and using search terms “Sjögren” AND “omega-3”; and “omega-6” AND “fatty acids” AND “oil”. This literature review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included randomized clinical trials in humans with or without a control group using the oral administration of PUFA. Results. From 26 articles found in the databases, a total of 6 articles were included. Of these six trials, five trials showed an effect on clinical manifestations and three trials on inflammatory parameters. Most of the studies did not show a significant effect on the parameters analyzed. One study showed a significant improvement in dry keratoconjunctivitis compared to the control group. The results suggest that PUFAs may improve inflammatory parameters in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. Conclusions. This literature review supports the idea that the oral administration of PUFA may possess a potential effect on clinical manifestations. However, due to the limited number of studies and the heterogeneity of clinical trial methodology, further investigations should be employed. Understanding the potential mechanism of action of PUFAs on clinical biomarkers in Sjögren’s syndrome may clarify their importance in clinical practice for health professionals. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3786">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/4VI8J2R6Q8 ">Advancing Patient Care: The Role of Nutrition in Immune-Mediated Diseases, Spanning from Cancer to Autoimmunity</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3786/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513801-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03786/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03786-g001-550.jpg?1730787518" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1513801-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03786/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03786-g001-550.jpg?1730787518" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PRISMA flowchart of study selection process.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3786'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513733" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1513733" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1513733" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1513733" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3785/s1?version=1730724923"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1364 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 3544 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3785/pdf?version=1730727668" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Study on the Mechanism of Dictyophora duplicata Polysaccharide in Reducing Depression-like Behavior in Mice" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3785">Study on the Mechanism of <i>Dictyophora duplicata</i> Polysaccharide in Reducing Depression-like Behavior in Mice</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chenxi Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiaqi Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jie Tang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lanzhou Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yongfeng Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yu Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Changchun Ruan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chunyue Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3785; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213785">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213785</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 789 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Depression is a prevalent worldwide mental health disorder that inflicts significant harm to individuals and society. <i>Dictyophora duplicata</i> is an edible fungus that contains a variety of nutrients, including polysaccharides. This study aims to investigate the monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3785/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Depression is a prevalent worldwide mental health disorder that inflicts significant harm to individuals and society. <i>Dictyophora duplicata</i> is an edible fungus that contains a variety of nutrients, including polysaccharides. This study aims to investigate the monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of the <i>Dictyophora duplicata</i> polysaccharide (DDP-B1), followed by an exploration of its antidepressant effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. Methods: <i>Dictyophora duplicata</i> was purified using a DEAE-52 column and an S-400 column to obtain DDP-B1. The monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of DDP-B1 were investigated via high-performance gel permeation chromatograph. Six-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were utilized for the CUMS modeling to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy of DDP-B1. Fluoxetine served as the positive control group. The depressive-like behaviors and brain pathology of mice were evaluated. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining, metabolomics analysis, and western blot were employed to further investigate the underlying mechanisms. Results: DDP-B1 significantly alleviated the depression-like behavior of CUMS mice and increased the expression of SYN and PSD-95 in the mice’s brains, which was further validated by western blot. Metabolomics analysis indicated a reduction in serum glutamate in CUMS mice following DDP-B1 treatment. Moreover, DDP-B1 treatment led to an increase in levels of GABA<sub>A</sub>R, BDNF, p-TrkB and p-p70S6K. Conclusions: DDP-B1 regulated abnormalities in the glutamatergic system, subsequently activated the BDNF-TrkB-mTOR pathway and mitigated the pathological manifestations of CUMS mice. This study validated the potential of DDP-B1 as an antidepressant medication and established a theoretical foundation for the development of fungi with similar properties. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3785">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3785/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513733"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513733"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513733" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513733" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513733" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g001-550.jpg?1730727739" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513733" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g002-550.jpg?1730727741'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g003-550.jpg?1730727744'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g004-550.jpg?1730727746'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g005-550.jpg?1730727748'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513733-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g001-550.jpg?1730727739" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Purification of DDP-B1 and analysis of monosaccharide composition. (<b>A</b>) DDP was isolated and purified using a DEAE-52 column, with elution performed using 0, 0.1, and 0.3 M NaCl solutions. The fraction DDP-B was obtained by eluting with the 0.1 M NaCl solution. (<b>B</b>) DDP-B1 was purified utilizing an S-400 column. (<b>C</b>) Monosaccharide composition of DDP-B1. DDP-B1 was determined to consist of the monosaccharide 1 mannose (15.278 min), 2 glucuronic acid (22.678 min) and 3 glucose (31.762 min). (<b>D</b>) Monosaccharide standard curve. According to the retention time, they are 1 mannose (15.360 min), 2 glucosamine hydrochloride (19.458 min), 3 rhamnose (21.530 min), 4 glucuronic acid (22.808 min), 5 galacturonic acid (25.862 min), 6 D-galactosamine hydrochloride (29.795 min), 7 glucose (31.995), 8 galactose (36.423 min), 9 xylose (38.890 min), 10 L-arabinose (40.267 min) and 11 fucose (47.302 min). Black line: response value; red line: quantitative baseline; dark blue line: retention time; light blue line: division line.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3785'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g002-550.jpg?1730727741" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>DDP-B1 alleviated CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors. (<b>A</b>) A schematic representation of the mice experimental procedure. After 8 weeks of modeling, mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows: Control, CUMS, CUMS + Flx, and CUMS + DDP-B1. (<b>B</b>) SPT. (<b>C</b>) FST. (<b>D</b>) TST. (<b>E</b>) OFT. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 9). <sup>###</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. Ctrl mice; ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. CUMS mice.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3785'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g003-550.jpg?1730727744" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>DDP-B1 mitigated synaptic damage in CUMS mice subjected to CUMS. (<b>A</b>) SYN and PSD-95 were analyzed using IF staining at a magnification of (200×; scale bar: 50 μm) in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mice hippocampus. Blue: 4′,6-Diamidino-2′-phenylindole (DAPI); green: SYN; red: PSD-95. (<b>B</b>) Quantitative analysis for SYN and PSD-95 in IF staining. (<b>C</b>) Representative images of western blot for SYN, PSD-95 and 5HT<sub>2C</sub>R proteins in the mice. Results of quantitative analysis for the expression levels of (<b>D</b>) SYN, (<b>E</b>) PSD-95 and (<b>F</b>) 5HT<sub>2C</sub>R. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 3). <sup>#</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, <sup>##</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, <sup>###</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. Ctrl mice; ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. CUMS mice.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3785'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g004-550.jpg?1730727746" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Metabolomics analysis of mouse serum. (<b>A</b>) OPLS-DA score analysis. (<b>B</b>) Venn analysis. (<b>C</b>) Heatmap of significantly altered metabolites among Ctrl, CUMS and CUMS + DDP-B1 groups. (<b>D</b>) KEGG enrichment pathway diagram (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 5).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3785'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03785/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03785-g005-550.jpg?1730727748" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>DDP-B1 modulates the BDNF-TrkB-mTOR signaling pathway. (<b>A</b>) Representative images of western blot. The administration of DDP-B1 significantly enhanced the expression levels of (<b>B</b>) GABA<sub>A</sub>R, (<b>C</b>) BDNF, (<b>D</b>) p-TrkB and (<b>E</b>) p-p70S6K in the brains of CUMS mice. Data were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 3). <sup>#</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, <sup>##</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 vs. Ctrl mice; * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. CUMS mice.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3785'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513677" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 2265 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3784/pdf?version=1730976274" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Socio-Demographic Influences on Dietary Habits and Nutritional Awareness: A Case Study of Polish Biathlon Association National Team Members" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3784">Socio-Demographic Influences on Dietary Habits and Nutritional Awareness: A Case Study of Polish Biathlon Association National Team Members</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agnieszka Górka-Chowaniec</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Magdalena Niewczas-Dobrowolska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Akbaş</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eduard Bezuglov</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tadeusz Sikora</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zbigniew Waśkiewicz</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3784; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213784">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213784</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 733 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Introduction: This study investigated the influence of sociodemographic factors on the dietary habits of athletes of the Polish Biathlon Association. Focusing on age, education, employment status, and gender, this research assesses food choices, meal preparation, and nutritional awareness within a structured sports environment. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3784/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Introduction: This study investigated the influence of sociodemographic factors on the dietary habits of athletes of the Polish Biathlon Association. Focusing on age, education, employment status, and gender, this research assesses food choices, meal preparation, and nutritional awareness within a structured sports environment. A cross-sectional survey of 54 athletes was conducted using a modified “Eating Habits of Poles” questionnaire to explore food selection, preparation methods, consumption patterns, and nutritional perspectives. This focus on biathletes emphasizes their distinct dietary needs, which arise from the demanding combination of endurance and precision in their sport, providing valuable insights for tailored dietary strategies to enhance their performance and overall health. Results: The results indicate that age, education, and employment status significantly influence Polish biathletes’ dietary habits and nutritional awareness. Older athletes (under 23 years) demonstrated significantly higher nutritional awareness regarding modern dietary trends (<i>p</i> = 0.015). In contrast, 50% of higher-education athletes were more engaged in meal planning and healthier food choices than those with elementary education (<i>p</i> = 0.031). Employment status also played a role; 70% of the athletes were students who exhibited more convenience-based food choices, whereas 30% were employed and maintained more structured eating patterns (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Minimal gender differences were found, with 50% of male and 50% of female athletes showing similar dietary habits, likely due to standardized nutrition programs provided to all athletes. Conclusions: This indicates a potential need for further research to determine whether professional dietary support can effectively address typical gender-related variations in food behavior and lead to improvements in dietary outcomes. This study highlights the importance of targeted nutrition education and professional support for optimizing the nutritional habits of professional athletes. This emphasizes that socio-demographic factors such as age, education, and employment status significantly shape these behaviors, underscoring the need for personalized nutritional strategies within athletic programs. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3784">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Sport_Nutrition">Sports Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3784/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513677"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513677"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513677" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513677" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513677" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513677-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g001-550.jpg?1730976339" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513677" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513677-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g002-550.jpg?1730976340'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513677-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g003-550.jpg?1730976342'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513677-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g004-550.jpg?1730976343'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513677-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g005-550.jpg?1730976344'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513677-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g001-550.jpg?1730976339" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The effect of age on views on food and nutrition (VF). The bars represent the mean scores, while the error bars indicate the standard deviations (* <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3784'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g002-550.jpg?1730976340" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The effect of education on preparation and production of food (FP). The bars represent the mean scores, while the error bars indicate the standard deviations.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3784'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g003-550.jpg?1730976342" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The effect of education on ways of consuming food (EF). The bars represent the mean scores, while the error bars indicate the standard deviations (* <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3784'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g004-550.jpg?1730976343" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The effect of education on views on food and nutrition (VF). The bars represent the mean scores, while the error bars indicate the standard deviations (* <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3784'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03784/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03784-g005-550.jpg?1730976344" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The effect of employment on the selection of food products according to their consumption type (SP). The bars represent the mean scores, while the error bars indicate the standard deviations (* <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3784'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513681" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1513681" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1513681" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1513681" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3783/s1?version=1730719132"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 31 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 6825 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3783/pdf?version=1730719131" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Postprandial Metabolomic Profiling: Insights into Macronutrient-Specific Metabolic Responses in Healthy Individuals" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3783">Postprandial Metabolomic Profiling: Insights into Macronutrient-Specific Metabolic Responses in Healthy Individuals</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Awad Alshahrani</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shereen M. Aleidi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mohammed Al Dubayee</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Reem AlMalki</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rajaa Sebaa</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mahmoud Zhra</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anas M. Abdel Rahman</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ahmad Aljada</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3783; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213783">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213783</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 707 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Understanding the metabolic responses to different macronutrients is crucial for assessing their impacts on health. This study aims to investigate the postprandial metabolomic profiles of healthy individuals following the consumption of glucose, protein, and lipids. Methods: Twenty-three healthy, normal-weight adults participated in <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3783/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Understanding the metabolic responses to different macronutrients is crucial for assessing their impacts on health. This study aims to investigate the postprandial metabolomic profiles of healthy individuals following the consumption of glucose, protein, and lipids. Methods: Twenty-three healthy, normal-weight adults participated in the study, randomly assigned to consume 300 kcal from glucose, protein, or lipids after an overnight fast. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 h post-ingestion. An untargeted metabolomic approach using mass spectrometry was employed to analyze plasma metabolites. Results: In total, 21, 59, and 156 dysregulated metabolites were identified after glucose, protein, and lipid intake, respectively. Notably, 3’-O-methylguanosine levels decreased significantly after glucose consumption while remaining stable during lipid intake before increasing at 2 h. Common metabolites shared between glucose and lipid groups included 3’-O-methylguanosine, 3-oxotetradecanoic acid, poly-g-D-glutamate, and triglyceride (TG) (15:0/18:4/18:1). Conclusions: The findings highlight distinct metabolic responses to macronutrient intake, emphasizing the role of specific metabolites in regulating postprandial metabolism. These insights contribute to understanding how dietary components influence metabolic health and insulin sensitivity. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3783">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Lipids">Lipids</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3783/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513681"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513681"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513681" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513681" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513681" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-ag-550.jpg?1730719270" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1513681" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g001-550.jpg?1730719240'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g002-550.jpg?1730719243'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g003a-550.jpg?1730719248'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g003b-550.jpg?1730719250'><p>Figure 3 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004a-550.jpg?1730719252'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004b-550.jpg?1730719257'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004c-550.jpg?1730719263'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g005a-550.jpg?1730719265'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g005b-550.jpg?1730719266'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1513681-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g006-550.jpg?1730719267'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513681-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-ag-550.jpg?1730719270" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g001-550.jpg?1730719240" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PLS-DA model between the three study groups. (<b>A</b>) 2D model and (<b>B</b>) 3D model. The PLS-DA model demonstrates a clear distinction among the three study groups. It reveals a noticeable segregation between the glucose and protein groups, a subtle differentiation between the glucose and lipid groups. Nevertheless, there exists an intersection between the lipid and protein group.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g002-550.jpg?1730719243" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>OPLS-DA model of every two groups in the study. (<b>A</b>) Separation between lipid and protein groups, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.98 and Q<sup>2</sup> = 0.917. (<b>B</b>) Separation between glucose and lipid groups, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.975 and Q<sup>2</sup> = 0.901. (<b>C</b>) Separation between glucose and protein groups, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.986 and Q<sup>2</sup> = 0.705. The robustness of the created models was evaluated by the fitness of the model (R<sup>2</sup>Y) and predictive ability (Q<sup>2</sup>) values in a larger dataset (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 100).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g003a-550.jpg?1730719248" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Postprandial plasma metabolomic profiles following the consumption of different macronutrients (glucose, protein, and lipids) at various time intervals (0, 1, 2, and 3 h). (<b>A</b>) Profile of 130 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the glucose group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). (<b>B</b>) Profile of 316 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the protein group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). (<b>C</b>) Profile of 1324 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the lipid group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). The red color represents downregulated, blue color represents upregulated, and yellow represents unsignificant.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g003b-550.jpg?1730719250" title=" <strong>Figure 3 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Postprandial plasma metabolomic profiles following the consumption of different macronutrients (glucose, protein, and lipids) at various time intervals (0, 1, 2, and 3 h). (<b>A</b>) Profile of 130 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the glucose group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). (<b>B</b>) Profile of 316 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the protein group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). (<b>C</b>) Profile of 1324 significant metabolites that were dysregulated in the lipid group during the time points (0, 1, 2, and 3) (Tukey’s post-hoc, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). The red color represents downregulated, blue color represents upregulated, and yellow represents unsignificant.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004a-550.jpg?1730719252" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Heatmaps of the dysregulated human endogenous metabolites after macronutrient intake at different time points. (<b>A</b>) Heatmap of 21 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to glucose intake. (<b>B</b>) Heatmap of 59 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to protein intake. (<b>C</b>) Heatmap of 156 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to lipid intake.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004b-550.jpg?1730719257" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Heatmaps of the dysregulated human endogenous metabolites after macronutrient intake at different time points. (<b>A</b>) Heatmap of 21 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to glucose intake. (<b>B</b>) Heatmap of 59 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to protein intake. (<b>C</b>) Heatmap of 156 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to lipid intake.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g004c-550.jpg?1730719263" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Heatmaps of the dysregulated human endogenous metabolites after macronutrient intake at different time points. (<b>A</b>) Heatmap of 21 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to glucose intake. (<b>B</b>) Heatmap of 59 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to protein intake. (<b>C</b>) Heatmap of 156 dysregulated endogenous metabolites related to lipid intake.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g005a-550.jpg?1730719265" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Commonly dysregulated metabolites among the three macronutrient groups at different time points. (<b>A</b>) Venn diagram illustrating the overlap between the endogenous metabolites associated with each macronutrient (glucose-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 21; lipid-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 156; and protein-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 59) using one-way ANOVA (cut-off no correction <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value ≤ 0.05). (<b>B</b>,<b>C</b>) Metabolomic profiles of the 4 identified dysregulated metabolites common between the glucose (<b>B</b>) and lipid (<b>C</b>) groups during the different time points (0, 1, 2, and 3 h).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g005b-550.jpg?1730719266" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Commonly dysregulated metabolites among the three macronutrient groups at different time points. (<b>A</b>) Venn diagram illustrating the overlap between the endogenous metabolites associated with each macronutrient (glucose-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 21; lipid-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 156; and protein-associated metabolites, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 59) using one-way ANOVA (cut-off no correction <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value ≤ 0.05). (<b>B</b>,<b>C</b>) Metabolomic profiles of the 4 identified dysregulated metabolites common between the glucose (<b>B</b>) and lipid (<b>C</b>) groups during the different time points (0, 1, 2, and 3 h).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03783/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03783-g006-550.jpg?1730719267" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Pathway analysis of the significant metabolites dysregulated in the three macronutrient groups. The color variation (yellow to red) shows the different significance levels of metabolites in the data.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3783'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513645" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 839 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3782/pdf?version=1730716798" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Influence of Inflammatory State on the Need to Customize Parenteral Nutrition in Adolescents" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3782">Influence of Inflammatory State on the Need to Customize Parenteral Nutrition in Adolescents</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jéssica Lavanholi Pinho</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Renata Germano Borges de Oliveira Nascimento Freitas</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tiago Henrique de Souza</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Roberto José Negrão Nogueira</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3782; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213782">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213782</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 582 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Parenteral nutrition (PN) can be standardized or customized according to a patient’s individual needs, including clinical, metabolic, nutritional, and inflammatory conditions. The influence of inflammation on the indication of standard or customized PN for adolescents hospitalized in a quaternary hospital in the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3782/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Parenteral nutrition (PN) can be standardized or customized according to a patient’s individual needs, including clinical, metabolic, nutritional, and inflammatory conditions. The influence of inflammation on the indication of standard or customized PN for adolescents hospitalized in a quaternary hospital in the southeastern of Brazil was evaluated. Methods: A historical cohort study of 61 adolescents admitted to the hospital was conducted. Nutritional, clinical, and biochemical data from the first 7 days of PN use were analyzed. Elevated serum mineral and triglyceride levels, as well as renal or liver failure (grade III or IV), were considered unequivocal reasons for PN customization, while restoring energy-protein adequacy and low serum mineral levels were considered questionable reasons. Inflammatory status was analyzed during the study period. Results: A total of 128 PN solutions were prescribed, comprising 55 standardized and 73 customized. Overall, 40/61 patients required customized PN. The main reason for customization was to restore energy-protein adequacy (n = 48), while 24.7% (n = 18) of individualizations were for unequivocal reasons. Restoring energy-protein adequacy in the first 48 h was shown to have contributed to high transthyretin, which reduced the need for additional customized PN (r = −0.544; <i>p</i> = 0.044). A positive correlation was found between the total number of PN readjustments and C-Reactive Protein levels (r = 0.509; <i>p</i> = 0.044). Conclusions: Conditions such as malnutrition or an inflammatory state in adolescents presenting metabolic changes are indications for the use of customized PN. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3782">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Clinical_Nutrition">Clinical Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3782/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513645"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513645"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513645" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513645" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513645" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513645-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03782-g001-550.jpg?1730716910" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513645" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513645-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03782-g002-550.jpg?1730716914'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513645-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03782-g001-550.jpg?1730716910" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flowchart of the total number of parenteral nutrition prescriptions during the first seven days of nutritional support. PN, parenteral nutrition. <sup>a</sup> Sum of all parenteral nutrition prescriptions in first 48 h, 4th day, and 7th day of use.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3782'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03782-g002-550.jpg?1730716914" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of patient groups receiving standardized PN and/or customized PN in first 48 h, 4th day, and 7th day of use. PN, parenteral nutrition.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3782'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513618" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 524 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3781/pdf?version=1730715733" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation and a Cafeteria Diet on Various Parameters in the Next Generation of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3781">Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation and a Cafeteria Diet on Various Parameters in the Next Generation of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>İsmail Caner Yavuz</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Betül Çiçek</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3781; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213781">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213781</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 703 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an increasingly widespread public health problem worldwide. MetS is associated with a cafeteria diet characterized by high fat and high simple carbohydrates. A cafeteria diet significantly affects serum glucose, creatine, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol and MetS parameters such as <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3781/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an increasingly widespread public health problem worldwide. MetS is associated with a cafeteria diet characterized by high fat and high simple carbohydrates. A cafeteria diet significantly affects serum glucose, creatine, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol and MetS parameters such as ALT, AST and ALP. Due to its epigenetic effects, vitamin D is important in controlling MetS parameters and minimizing MetS findings in subsequent generations. Methods: In this study, the effect of weekly 0.3 mL (1.000 IU/week) vitamin D intervention on MetS parameters was investigated in parental rats developing high-fructose MetS and their offspring. Offspring of MetS rats receiving and not receiving vitamin D supplementation were divided into four different groups and exposed to a cafeteria diet and vitamin D supplementation for eight weeks. Results: It was shown that parental rats in the intervention group had lower serum urea, glucose, creatine, total cholesterol, ALP, AST and ALT levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Serum urea, glucose, creatine, ALT, AST, ALP, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels and body weights were lower and HDL levels were higher in the offspring (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, initial serum ALT and AST values were higher in the offspring of MetS parent rats receiving vitamin D supplementation and in the offspring of rats not receiving supplementation than in the offspring of supplemented parents. Conclusions: In conclusion, it was found that vitamin D supplementation improved MetS parameters in parent rats, positively affected MetS parameters in offspring rats despite an inadequate diet, and positively affected some MetS parameters by affecting epigenetic pathways in offspring born to MetS mothers. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3781">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Topic <a href="/topics/Metabolic_Syndrome">Metabolic Syndrome, Biomarkers and Lifestyles</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3781/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513618-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03781/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03781-g001-550.jpg?1730715850" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1513618-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03781/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03781-g001-550.jpg?1730715850" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Work plan.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3781'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513379" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 2860 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3780/pdf?version=1730705736" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Euglena Attenuates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Especially Glucose Intolerance" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3780"><i>Euglena</i> Attenuates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Especially Glucose Intolerance</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tengteng Ji</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bing Fang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yutong Jin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chenyan Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xinlei Yuan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jianguo Dong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Le Cheng</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fang Wu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3780; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213780">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213780</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 857 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> Obesity, a global disease, can lead to different chronic diseases and a series of social health problems. Lifestyle changes, especially dietary changes, are the most effective way to treat obesity. <i>Euglena</i>, a novel food, has attracted much attention. Previous studies have <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3780/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> Obesity, a global disease, can lead to different chronic diseases and a series of social health problems. Lifestyle changes, especially dietary changes, are the most effective way to treat obesity. <i>Euglena</i>, a novel food, has attracted much attention. Previous studies have shown that <i>Euglena</i> is an important modulator of the host immune response. In this study, the effects of <i>Euglena</i> as a nutritional intervention in high-fat-diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice were investigated regarding adipose tissue accumulation and lipid and glucose metabolism by gavage at the dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight for 9 weeks. This study is one of the few to investigate, in detail, the preventive effects of dietary <i>Euglena</i> on obesity. <b>Methods:</b> Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity. An obesity model was created by feeding the high-fat diet for a period of 10 weeks. Obese mice were randomized into 2 groups with the same mean body weight, and no significant differences were observed between the groups: (1) the mice in the HEG group were maintained on a high-fat diet and daily gavaged with <i>Euglena</i> (100 mg/kg body weight) dissolved in saline (<i>n</i> = 7); and (2) the mice in the HFD group were maintained on a high-fat diet and daily gavaged with saline with the same volume (<i>n</i> = 7). The experiment finished after a nine-week period. <b>Results:</b> The results showed that <i>Euglena</i> could reduce the accumulation of white body fat, including subcutaneous fat and visceral fat, and mainly targeted subcutaneous fat. <i>Euglena</i> also reduced adipocyte particle size expansion, promoted lipolysis in adipose (adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase) and liver tissue (reduced non-esterified fatty acid content), and improved obesity-induced ectopic fat deposition and glucose tolerance. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings suggest that <i>Euglena</i>, as a nutritional intervention in HFDs, efficiently reduces body weight and white adipose tissue deposition. The mechanism of <i>Euglena</i> is mainly though enhancing lipolysis. It is worth noting that <i>Euglena</i> β-glucan recovers the hyperglycemia and accumulation of ectopic fat within the liver induced by HFD. Our study is one of the few studies to report in detail the preventive effects of dietary <i>Euglena</i> on obesity in vivo. This study revealed that <i>Euglena</i> also has an important ameliorative effect on obesity and metabolic disorders, which laid a theoretical foundation for its future application in functional foods. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3780">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Obesity">Nutrition and Obesity</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3780/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513379"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513379"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513379" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513379" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513379" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g001-550.jpg?1730705909" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513379" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g002-550.jpg?1730705911'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g003-550.jpg?1730705912'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g004-550.jpg?1730705914'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g005-550.jpg?1730705916'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513379-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g001-550.jpg?1730705909" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> β-glucan reduces fat deposition and body weight induced by HFD. (<b>A</b>) Body weight and (<b>B</b>) body weight gain during the 9 weeks’ intervention. (<b>C</b>) The terminal body weight of mice in CON, HFD and HEG groups. (<b>D</b>) Representative MRI figures of mice in CON, HFD, and HEG groups. (<b>E</b>) Lean mass and (<b>F</b>) fat mass measured by MRI. (<b>G</b>) The deposition of adipose tissue in the types of eWAT, pWAT, mWAT, ingWAT, aWAT, and BAT. (<b>H</b>) vWAT, sWAT, and BAT of mice as a proportion of body weight in the CON, HFD, and HEG groups (CON: <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 8, HFD and HEG: <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 7). The values are presented as the mean ± SEM of seven or eight independent samples. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 and *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 vs. the CON group; <sup>#</sup> <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 vs. the HFD group. Abbreviations: aWAT, axillary white adipose tissue; BAT, brown adipose tissue; CON, control chow fat; eWAT, epididymis white adipose tissue; HFD, high-fat diet and gavaged with saline; HEG, high-fat diet and gavaged with <span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> dissolved in saline; ingWAT, inguinal white adipose tissue; mWAT, mesenteric white adipose tissue; pWAT, perirenal white adipose tissue; sWAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; vWAT, visceral adipose tissue.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3780'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g002-550.jpg?1730705911" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> β-glucan alleviates HFD-induced hypertrophy in both vWAT and sWAT. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) Representative images of H&amp;E staining of eWAT (<b>A</b>) and ingWAT (<b>B</b>) (magnification: 20×; scale bars: 0.1 mm). (<b>C</b>,<b>E</b>) The distribution of adipocyte diameters and (<b>D</b>,<b>F</b>) ratios of adipocytes with diameters over 100 μm in eWAT (<b>C</b>,<b>D</b>) and ingWAT (<b>E</b>,<b>F</b>) (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 4). Adipocyte size was determined using Image-Pro Plus software and, for each group, four mice and six independent fields per section were calculated. The values are presented as the mean ± SEM. *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001. Abbreviations: eWAT, epididymis white adipose tissue; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; ingWAT, inguinal white adipose tissue.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3780'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g003-550.jpg?1730705912" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> β-glucan alleviates HFD-induced excess lipid accumulation in the liver. (<b>A</b>) Representative H&amp;E staining images of the liver from three groups (magnification: 10×; scale bars: 0.1 mm). (<b>B</b>) The ratio of the oil red O-stained area determined by Image-Pro Plus software (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). (<b>C</b>) TG and (<b>D</b>) NEFA contents in the liver (CON: <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 8, HFD and HEG: <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 7). (<b>E</b>) Relative expression of genes involved in fatty acid de novo synthesis (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). The values are presented as the mean ± SEM. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001. Abbreviations: CON, control chow fat; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; HFD, high-fat diet and gavaged with saline; HEG, high-fat diet and gavaged with <span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> dissolved in saline; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid; TG, triglycerides.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3780'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g004-550.jpg?1730705914" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effects of <span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> β-glucan on HFD-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. (<b>A</b>) IPGTTs after 9 weeks. (<b>B</b>) Fasting blood glucose. (<b>C</b>) Area under the baseline curve in the IPGTT graph (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). (<b>D</b>) TC and TG levels in the serum. (<b>E</b>) The ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C. (<b>F</b>) LDL-C and HDL-C levels in the serum. (<b>G</b>) Atherosclerosis index (AI) calculated by the ratio of TC minus HDL-C to HDL-C. The values are presented as the mean ± SEM (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 5). * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001. Abbreviations: HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IPGTT, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3780'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03780/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03780-g005-550.jpg?1730705916" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">Euglena</span> β-glucan enhances the lipolysis of hypertrophic adipocytes. (<b>A</b>) TG and (<b>B</b>) NEFA contents in eWAT and ingWAT. (<b>C</b>,<b>D</b>) Relative mRNA expression of genes involved in lipolysis (e.g., <span class="html-italic">Atg1</span>, <span class="html-italic">Hsl</span>, <span class="html-italic">Plin1</span>), lipogenesis (e.g., <span class="html-italic">PPARg</span>, <span class="html-italic">ACC</span>, <span class="html-italic">Dgat2</span>), and oxidation (<span class="html-italic">CPT1a</span>) in (<b>C</b>) eWAT and (<b>D</b>) ingWAT measured by qRT-PCR. The values are presented as the mean ± SEM (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001. Abbreviations: <span class="html-italic">ACC</span>, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha; <span class="html-italic">Atgl</span>, adipose triglyceride lipase; <span class="html-italic">CPT1a</span>, carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1; <span class="html-italic">Dgat2</span>, diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2; eWAT, epididymis white adipose tissue; <span class="html-italic">Hsl</span>, hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase; ingWAT, inguinal white adipose tissue; mRNA: messenger RNA; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid; <span class="html-italic">Plin1</span>, perilipin 1; <span class="html-italic">PPARg</span>, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-g; TG, triglycerides.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3780'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513366" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 221 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3779/pdf?version=1730704210" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Diabetes Control and Clinical Outcomes among Children Attending a Regional Paediatric Diabetes Service in Australia" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3779">Diabetes Control and Clinical Outcomes among Children Attending a Regional Paediatric Diabetes Service in Australia</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luke Huynh</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michelle Booth</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Uchechukwu L. Osuagwu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3779; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213779">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213779</a> - 4 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 700 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Australian children with diabetes commonly struggle to achieve optimal glycaemic control, with minimal improvement observed over the past decade. The scarcity of research in the rural and regional Australian context is concerning, given high incidence rates and prominent barriers to healthcare access in <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3779/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Australian children with diabetes commonly struggle to achieve optimal glycaemic control, with minimal improvement observed over the past decade. The scarcity of research in the rural and regional Australian context is concerning, given high incidence rates and prominent barriers to healthcare access in these areas. We conducted a retrospective audit of 60 children attending a regional Australian paediatric diabetes service between January 2020 and December 2023. The majority of patients had type 1 diabetes (<i>n</i> = 57, 95.0%); approximately equal numbers were managed with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pumps vs. multiple daily injections (MDIs), whilst 88.3% (<i>n</i> = 53) also utilised continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The mean age at last visit was 14.0 years (SD, 3.4), mean diabetes duration 5.8 years (SD, 4.6), and mean HbA1c level 8.1% (65.3 mmol/mol); only 36.8% achieved the national target of 7.5% (58 mmol/mol). Mean BMI-SDS was 0.8 (SD, 1.0); almost half (<i>n</i> = 27, 45.0%) were overweight or obese. Many patients had mental health conditions (31.7%), which were associated with higher hospitalisation rates (<i>p</i> = 0.007). The attendance rate was 83.2%, with a mean of 3.3 clinic visits per year (SD, 0.7); higher attendance rates were associated with increased CGM sensor usage (r = 0.395, <i>p</i> = 0.007 Overall, the diabetes service performed similarly to other clinics with regards to glycaemic control. Whilst achieving treatment targets and addressing comorbidities remains a challenge, the decent attendance and the high uptake of healthcare technologies is commendable. Further efforts are needed to improve diabetes management for this regional community. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3779">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/YB51885771 ">Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513200" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 23 pages, 5254 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3778/pdf?version=1730781059" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Fermented Gold Kiwi Improves Gastrointestinal Motility and Functional Constipation: An Animal Study and Human Randomized Clinical Test" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3778">Fermented Gold Kiwi Improves Gastrointestinal Motility and Functional Constipation: An Animal Study and Human Randomized Clinical Test</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jihye Choi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hwal Choi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuseong Jang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hyeon-Gi Paik</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hyuck-Se Kwon</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Seon Mi Shin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jeung Seung Lee</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bumseok Kim</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jungkee Kwon</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3778; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213778">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213778</a> - 3 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 924 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Constipation is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal system characterized by difficult bowel movements, infrequent defecation, reduced water content, and hard stools. This study aims to evaluate the preventive effects of fermented gold kiwis (FGK) on loperamide-induced constipation in rats and investigate its <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3778/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Constipation is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal system characterized by difficult bowel movements, infrequent defecation, reduced water content, and hard stools. This study aims to evaluate the preventive effects of fermented gold kiwis (FGK) on loperamide-induced constipation in rats and investigate its efficacy in improving constipation symptoms in human patients through a randomized clinical trial. In the animal study, FGK was administered orally at doses of 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg to constipated rats for two weeks, resulting in significant improvements in constipation parameters. FGK increased serum serotonin and acetylcholine levels and suppressed increases in serum dopamine concentration. FGK also upregulated mRNA expression of the serotonin-synthesizing receptors 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R and suppressed the expression of the dopamine 2-receptor (D2R) in the duodenum. Furthermore, FGK inhibited inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. In the clinical trials, the improvement in constipation symptoms was evaluated using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS). Clinical trial participants reported significant improvements in constipation symptoms after receiving FGK. These findings suggest that FGK effectively relieves constipation in both animals and humans, indicating its potential as an effective dietary supplement. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3778">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Metabolism">Nutrition and Metabolism</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3778/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513200"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513200"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513200" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513200" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513200" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g001-550.jpg?1730781210" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513200" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g002-550.jpg?1730781212'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g003a-550.jpg?1730781214'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g003b-550.jpg?1730781218'><p>Figure 3 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g004-550.jpg?1730781221'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g005-550.jpg?1730781223'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g006-550.jpg?1730781225'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g007-550.jpg?1730781226'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g008-550.jpg?1730781227'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g009-550.jpg?1730781231'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g010-550.jpg?1730781233'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g011-550.jpg?1730781234'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1513200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g012-550.jpg?1730781236'><p>Figure 12</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513200-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g001-550.jpg?1730781210" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flowchart of the fermentation process of gold kiwi.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g002-550.jpg?1730781212" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Loperamide-induced constipation in rats: experimental design.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g003a-550.jpg?1730781214" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effects of FGK on gastrointestinal motility in SD rats. (<b>A</b>) Gastric emptying in cisplatin-induced SD rats; (<b>B</b>) geometric center in atropine-induced SD rats; (<b>C</b>) pepsin activity; (<b>D</b>) gastric juice volume; (<b>E</b>) gastric juice pH; (<b>F</b>) titratable acidity; (<b>G</b>) total acidity. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–d</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 levels. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine the specific differences between groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g003b-550.jpg?1730781218" title=" <strong>Figure 3 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Effects of FGK on gastrointestinal motility in SD rats. (<b>A</b>) Gastric emptying in cisplatin-induced SD rats; (<b>B</b>) geometric center in atropine-induced SD rats; (<b>C</b>) pepsin activity; (<b>D</b>) gastric juice volume; (<b>E</b>) gastric juice pH; (<b>F</b>) titratable acidity; (<b>G</b>) total acidity. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–d</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 levels. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine the specific differences between groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g004-550.jpg?1730781221" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Change in fecal parameters in loperamide-induced constipation rats. (<b>A</b>) Number of feces during the experimental period after injecting loperamide; (<b>B</b>) representative pictures of the colons of rats in each group; (<b>C</b>) number of feces in the colon, as counted, with symbols representing individuals rat fecal counts; (<b>D</b>) number of feces in the cages, as counted in the final day; (<b>E</b>) fecal water content on the final day, with symbols indicating individual rat measurements. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a,b</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine specific differences between the groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g005-550.jpg?1730781223" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Effects of (<b>A</b>) 5-HT3R, (<b>B</b>) 5-HT4R, and (<b>C</b>) D2R mRNA expression in the duodenum. All data were calculated using the ∆∆Ct method of quantitative RT-PCR, and transcript expression was normalized using the <span class="html-italic">GAPDH</span> housekeeping gene. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–c</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine specific differences between the groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g006-550.jpg?1730781225" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effects of FGK on the serum neurotransmitter in loperamide-induced constipation rats: (<b>A</b>) serotonin; (<b>B</b>) dopamine; (<b>C</b>) acetylcholine. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–d</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine specific differences between the groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g007-550.jpg?1730781226" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effects of FGK on mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in loperamide-induced constipation rats. (<b>A</b>) TNF-α; (<b>B</b>) IL-1β; (<b>C</b>) IL-6. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–c</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine specific differences between the groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g008-550.jpg?1730781227" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effects of FGK on the mRNA expression of fecal bacteria groups in loperamide-induced constipation rats. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). <sup>a–c</sup> Different letters indicate significant differences between groups at the <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test to determine specific differences between the groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g009-550.jpg?1730781231" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Randomized human clinical study participant disposition.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g010-550.jpg?1730781233" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Changes in the GSRS lower gastrointestinal part before (baseline) and after (8 weeks) administration of FGK. (<b>A</b>) GSRS lower gastrointestinal part score at visit 2 (baseline); (<b>B</b>) GSRS lower gastrointestinal part score at visit 5 (8 weeks); (<b>C</b>) the change from visit 2 to visit 5. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. (<b>A</b>) Comparisons between the groups using the <span class="html-italic">p</span>-values from two-sample <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. (<b>B</b>) Comparisons between the groups using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. *<sup>,</sup>** Comparisons within the groups using paired <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. *** 95% two-sided confidence interval for differences in the least squares mean.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g011-550.jpg?1730781234" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Changes in GSRS constipation symptoms before (baseline) and after (8 weeks) administration of FGK. (<b>A</b>) GSRS constipation symptom score at visit 2 (baseline); (<b>B</b>) GSRS constipation symptom score at visit 5 (8 weeks); (<b>C</b>) the change from visit 2 to visit 5. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. (<b>A</b>) Comparisons between the groups using the <span class="html-italic">p</span>-values from two-sample <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. (<b>B</b>) Comparisons between the groups using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. *<sup>,</sup>** Comparisons within the groups using paired <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. *** 95% two-sided confidence interval for differences in the least squares mean.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03778/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03778-g012-550.jpg?1730781236" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Changes in the GSRS sensation of not completely emptying the bowels before (baseline) and after (8 weeks) administration of FGK. (<b>A</b>) The sensation of not completely emptying the bowels score at visit 2 (baseline); (<b>B</b>) the sensation of not completely emptying the bowels score at visit 5 (8 weeks); (<b>C</b>) the change from visit 2 to visit 5. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. (<b>A</b>) Comparisons between the groups using the <span class="html-italic">p</span>-values from two-sample <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. (<b>B</b>) Comparisons between the groups using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. *<sup>,</sup>** Comparisons within the groups using paired <span class="html-italic">t</span>-tests. *** 95% two-sided confidence interval for differences in the least squares mean.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3778'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513185" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 463 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3777/pdf?version=1730627362" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Nutrition Modulation of Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3777">Nutrition Modulation of Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emma Stephenson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marie Mclaughlin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>James W. Bray</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>John M. Saxton</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rebecca V. Vince</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3777; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213777">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213777</a> - 3 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1122 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Advancements in breast cancer therapeutics, such as anthracyclines, are improving cancer survival rates but can have side effects that limit their use. Cardiotoxicity, defined as damage to the heart caused by cancer therapeutics, is characterised by a significant reduction in left ventricular <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3777/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Advancements in breast cancer therapeutics, such as anthracyclines, are improving cancer survival rates but can have side effects that limit their use. Cardiotoxicity, defined as damage to the heart caused by cancer therapeutics, is characterised by a significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and symptoms of cardiac dysfunction. Multiple oral supplements exist with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that have the potential to lower cardiotoxicity risk and ameliorate the complications associated with left ventricular dysfunction. In this review, we evaluate the current status of using nutritional interventions to modulate cardiotoxicity. Methods: We used specific keywords to search for articles that met our predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria to review the evidence and provide insights for future research. Results: Seven studies were identified as eligible for this review: six focused on oral supplementation strategies in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, and one focused on nutritional counselling and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in breast cancer survivors’ post-treatment. There was a significantly attenuated reduction in LVEF in five studies that monitored cardiometabolic health, and there were significant improvements in blood serum levels of cardiac biomarkers across all studies. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that appropriate nutritional interventions, alongside chemotherapy, can modulate the risk of cardiotoxic side effects. This highlights the potential of oral antioxidant supplementation and Mediterranean diet counselling to decrease tertiary cancer therapy costs associated with cardiovascular complications. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3777">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/16OH2113R9 ">Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3777/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513185-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03777/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03777-g001-550.jpg?1730627505" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1513185-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03777/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03777-g001-550.jpg?1730627505" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of identification, screening, and inclusion of studies.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3777'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513150" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1513150" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1513150" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1513150" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3776/s1?version=1730625487"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 222 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 954 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3776/pdf?version=1730625487" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Associations of Cognitive Function with Serum Magnesium and Phosphate in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Osaka Dialysis Complication Study (ODCS)" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3776">Associations of Cognitive Function with Serum Magnesium and Phosphate in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Osaka Dialysis Complication Study (ODCS)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tetsuo Shoji</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katsuhito Mori</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yu Nagakura</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daijiro Kabata</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kaori Kuriu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shinya Nakatani</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hideki Uedono</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuki Nagata</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hisako Fujii</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yasuo Imanishi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tomoaki Morioka</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Masanori Emoto</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3776; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213776">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213776</a> - 3 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 767 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Cognitive impairment and dementia are common in patients with chronic kidney disease, including those undergoing hemodialysis. Since magnesium and phosphate play important roles in brain function and aging, alterations in these and other factors related to bone mineral disorder (MBD) may contribute to <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3776/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Cognitive impairment and dementia are common in patients with chronic kidney disease, including those undergoing hemodialysis. Since magnesium and phosphate play important roles in brain function and aging, alterations in these and other factors related to bone mineral disorder (MBD) may contribute to low cognitive performance in patients on hemodialysis. This cross-sectional study examined the associations between cognitive function and MBD-related factors among 1207 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Cognitive function was assessed by the Modified Mini-Mental State examination (3MS). The exposure variables of interest were serum magnesium, phosphate, calcium, calcium–phosphate product, intact parathyroid hormone, fetuin-A, T50 calciprotein crystallization test, use of phosphate binders, use of cinacalcet, and use of vitamin D receptor activators. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to examine the associations between 3MS and each of the exposure variables independent of 13 potential non-mineral confounders. We found that lower 3MS was associated with lower serum magnesium, lower phosphate, lower calcium–phosphate product, and nonuse of phosphate binders. These results suggest that magnesium and phosphate play potentially protective roles against cognitive impairment in this population. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3776">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Micronutrients_Human_Health">Micronutrients and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3776/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513150"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513150"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513150" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513150" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513150" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513150-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g001-550.jpg?1730625660" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513150" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513150-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g002-550.jpg?1730625660'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513150-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g003-550.jpg?1730625662'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513150-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g001-550.jpg?1730625660" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Selection of the study participants. We excluded patients with missing 3MS values and the nine key exposure variables, and the remaining 1207 patients were selected for this study. Abbreviations: ODCS, Osaka Dialysis Complication Study; 3MS, Modified Mini-Mental State examination.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3776'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g002-550.jpg?1730625660" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of 3MS scores. Abbreviations: 3MS, Modified Mini-Mental State examination.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3776'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03776/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03776-g003-550.jpg?1730625662" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Associations of 3MS scores with seven MBD-related serum parameters by multivariable-adjusted linear regression models. Associations of 3MS scores and MBD-related factors were examined by multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis. The 3MS score was mathematically transformed before entering the model: 3MS’ = 2 − Log10(101 − 3MS). Panels (<b>A</b>)–(<b>G</b>) show the results for serum magnesium, phosphate, calcium, calcium–phosphate product, intact PTH, fetuin-A, and T50, respectively. Solid lines and shaded areas are regression lines and 95% confidence intervals. Abbreviations: 3MS, Modified Mini-Mental State examination; PTH, parathyroid hormone; T50, T50 calciprotein crystallization test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3776'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513081" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1468 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3775/pdf?version=1730621263" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Administration of Resveratrol and Vitamin C Reduces Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women—A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3775">The Administration of Resveratrol and Vitamin C Reduces Oxidative Stress in Postmenopausal Women—A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Araceli Montoya-Estrada</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aline Yunuen García-Cortés</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>José Romo-Yañez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guillermo F. Ortiz-Luna</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Arturo Arellano-Eguiluz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aurora Belmont-Gómez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vivian Lopéz-Ugalde</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guadalupe León-Reyes</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Arturo Flores-Pliego</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aurora Espejel-Nuñez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Juan Mario Solis-Paredes</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Enrique Reyes-Muñoz</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3775; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213775">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213775</a> - 3 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1161 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In postmenopausal women, due to endocrine changes, there is an increase in oxidative stress (OS) that predisposes them to cardiovascular and metabolic alterations. Sixty-one percent of women in this stage require a primary therapeutic strategy to decrease OS. This study aimed to evaluate <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3775/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In postmenopausal women, due to endocrine changes, there is an increase in oxidative stress (OS) that predisposes them to cardiovascular and metabolic alterations. Sixty-one percent of women in this stage require a primary therapeutic strategy to decrease OS. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol and vitamin C on OS in postmenopausal women. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was carried out. Forty-six postmenopausal women with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 2.5) were included and divided into three treatment groups: group A: resveratrol, <i>n</i> = 13; group B: resveratrol + vitamin C, <i>n</i> = 15; and group C: vitamin C, <i>n</i> = 14. Between before and after the antioxidants, group B showed a decrease of 33% in lipohydroperoxides (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased by 26% (<i>p</i> = 0.0007), 32% (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), and 38% (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) in groups A–C, respectively. For protein damage, group B is the most representative, with a decrease of 39% (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). For total antioxidant capacity (TAC), there were significant increases of 30% and 28% in groups B and C, respectively. For HOMA-IR, there were no significant differences among the study groups. Supplementation with this combination of antioxidants significantly decreases markers of OS in postmenopausal women. In addition, it increases TAC by up to 30%. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3775">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3775/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513081"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513081"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513081" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513081" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513081" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g001-550.jpg?1730621398" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513081" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g002-550.jpg?1730621400'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g003-550.jpg?1730621402'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g004-550.jpg?1730621403'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g005-550.jpg?1730621405'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1513081-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g006-550.jpg?1730621407'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513081-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g001-550.jpg?1730621398" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flowchart of the participants in the study.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g002-550.jpg?1730621400" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>LHP concentration before and after treatment in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance. Resveratrol group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 13; resveratrol and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 15; and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 14. The results obtained were analyzed using Student’s “t”. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g003-550.jpg?1730621402" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>MDA concentrations before and after treatment in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance. Resveratrol group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 13; resveratrol and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 15; and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 14. The results obtained were analyzed using Student’s “t”. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g004-550.jpg?1730621403" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Protein carbonylation concentration before and after treatment in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance. Resveratrol group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 13; resveratrol and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 15; and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 14. The results obtained were analyzed using Student’s “t”. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g005-550.jpg?1730621405" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Total antioxidant capacity before and after treatment in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance. Resveratrol group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 13; resveratrol and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 15; and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 14. The results obtained were analyzed using Student’s “<span class="html-italic">t</span>” test. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03775/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03775-g006-550.jpg?1730621407" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>HOMA-IR before and after treatment in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance. Resveratrol group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 13; resveratrol and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 15; and vitamin C group, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 14. The results obtained were analyzed using Student’s “t”. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3775'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513034" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 3537 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3774/pdf?version=1730615143" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Impact of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on the Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolism of Rats Fed a High-Fructose/High-Fat Diet" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3774">Impact of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on the Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolism of Rats Fed a High-Fructose/High-Fat Diet</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhihao Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lihuang Zhong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pengfei Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuanyuan Deng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guang Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ping Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiarui Zeng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yan Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaojun Tang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mingwei Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3774; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213774">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213774</a> - 3 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 773 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: An inappropriate intake of dietary fats can disrupt the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, affect the host’s metabolic status, and increase the risk of chronic diseases. The impact of dietary fat types on the composition and metabolic functionality of the intestinal microbiota <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3774/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: An inappropriate intake of dietary fats can disrupt the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, affect the host’s metabolic status, and increase the risk of chronic diseases. The impact of dietary fat types on the composition and metabolic functionality of the intestinal microbiota has become a research focus over recent years. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of regular peanut oil (PO) and high-oleic-acid peanut oil (HOPO) on the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota. <b>Methods</b>: A dietary intervention test was conducted on SD rats fed a high-fat/high-fructose (HFF) diet. The composition and metabolic functionality of the intestinal microbiota of the experimental rats were investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolomics. <b>Results</b>: Compared with saturated fat, PO and HOPO enhanced the diversity of intestinal microbiota in HFF diet-fed rats. Compared with PO, HOPO significantly increased the relative abundance of <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group</i> and <i>Harryflintia</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05), which are able to generate butyrate and acetate. Compared with saturated fat, 318 and 271 fecal biomarkers were identified in PO and HOPO groups, respectively. In contrast, 68 fecal biomarkers were identified between the PO and HOPO groups. The inhibition of harmful proteolytic fermentation in the colon may represent the main regulatory mechanism. With regard to metabolic status, HOPO provided better control of body weight and insulin sensitivity than PO. <b>Conclusions</b>: Compared with saturated fat, peanut oils better regulated the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, HOPO exhibited better regulatory effects than PO. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3774">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/5249A60XA3 ">Dietary Fatty Acids and Metabolic Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3774/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1513034"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1513034"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1513034" data-cycle-prev="#prev1513034" data-cycle-progressive="#images1513034" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g001-550.jpg?1730615207" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1513034" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g002-550.jpg?1730615209'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g003-550.jpg?1730615211'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g004-550.jpg?1730615212'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g005-550.jpg?1730615214'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g006-550.jpg?1730615216'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1513034-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g007-550.jpg?1730615219'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1513034-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g001-550.jpg?1730615207" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Alpha-diversity of intestinal microbiota in rats (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) ACE index. (<b>B</b>) Chao1 index. (<b>C</b>) Shannon index. (<b>D</b>) Simpson index. (<b>E</b>) PD_whole_tree index. Distinct letters indicate significant differences between groups (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g002-550.jpg?1730615209" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Beta-diversity of intestinal microbiota in rats (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) PCoA based on Bray–Curtis. (<b>B</b>) PCoA based on weighted Unifrac. (<b>C</b>) Anosim based on weighted Unifrac. (<b>D</b>) Adonis based on weighted Unifrac.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g003-550.jpg?1730615211" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Composition of intestinal microbiota in rats (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) Relative abundance at phylum level. (<b>B</b>) Relative abundance at genus level. (<b>C</b>) <span class="html-italic">Firmicutes</span>/<span class="html-italic">Bacteroidetes</span> ratio; (<b>D</b>) Significant difference in the relative abundance between groups among all phyla. (<b>E</b>) Significant difference in the relative abundance between groups among top ten genera. Distinct letters indicate significant differences of intestinal microbiota level between groups (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g004-550.jpg?1730615212" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>LEfSe analysis of intestinal microbiota in rats (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) LDA distribution displays species with significant abundance (LDA &gt; 4) across different groups. (<b>B</b>) Hierarchical tree for different groups. The outward-radiating circles depict taxonomic levels ranging from phylum to species. The small circle at each specific level indicates a classification, with its diameter reflecting the species’ relative abundance.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g005-550.jpg?1730615214" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>OPLS-DA scoring map and model validation of fecal metabolome profile (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) Scoring map between NC and M groups. (<b>B</b>) Scoring map between M and HOPO groups. (<b>C</b>) Scoring map between M and PO groups. (<b>D</b>) Scoring map between PO and HOPO groups. (<b>E</b>) Model validation between NC and M groups. (<b>F</b>) Model validation between M and HOPO groups. (<b>G</b>) Model validation between M and PO groups. (<b>H</b>) Model validation between PO and HOPO groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g006-550.jpg?1730615216" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Volcano plots of fecal metabolome (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>) Volcano plots between NC and M groups. (<b>B</b>) Volcano plots between M and PO groups. (<b>C</b>) Volcano plots between M and PO groups. (<b>D</b>) Volcano plots between PO and HOPO groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03774/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03774-g007-550.jpg?1730615219" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Metabolic fecal biomarkers and enrichment of pathways (n = 10 for each group). (<b>A</b>–<b>D</b>) The top 20 metabolites with the largest fold changes between NC and M groups, M and HOPO groups, M and PO groups, and PO and HOPO groups, respectively. (<b>E</b>–<b>H</b>) Differential Abundance Score based on KEGG between NC and M groups, M and HOPO groups, M and PO groups, PO and HOPO groups, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3774'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1513008" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1513008" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1513008" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1513008" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3773/s1?version=1730556753"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1613 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 520 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3773/pdf?version=1730556752" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Protein Consumption and Risk of CVD Among U.S. Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3773">Protein Consumption and Risk of CVD Among U.S. Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ji Yun Tark</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruosha Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bing Yu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alexis C. Wood</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nikhil S. Padhye</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3773; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213773">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213773</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1311 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Although some randomized trials have reported beneficial effects of protein intake on cardiometabolic risk factors, evidence from prospective studies have not supported a strong link between protein intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It is also unclear whether diversity in protein intake <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3773/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Although some randomized trials have reported beneficial effects of protein intake on cardiometabolic risk factors, evidence from prospective studies have not supported a strong link between protein intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It is also unclear whether diversity in protein intake plays a role in CVD risk. Objective: We investigated prospective associations of (1) protein intake, overall and by food source and (2) diversity of protein sources with risk of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke. Methods: In a multi-ethnic cohort of 5879 U.S. adults (45–84 years), who were free of CVD at baseline, protein intake was assessed at baseline (2000–2002) using a validated 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Two different aspects of protein diversity were assessed including count (number of protein food consumed at least once/week) and dissimilarity (diversity of the attributes of the protein sources consumed). Relationships with incident CVD outcomes through 2019 were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity factors. Results: During 83,430 person-years, 1045 CVD cases were identified, including 668 CHD and 332 stroke cases. In multivariable models, we found no significant associations between protein intake, overall and by food source, with incident CVD, CHD, or stroke. Protein count, but not protein dissimilarity, was weakly associated with CVD risk. We found no significant associations between diversity of consumption of animal or plant food source and CVD outcomes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest protein consumption may not significantly impact CVD risk in middle-aged adults. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3773">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Protein">Proteins and Amino Acids</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3773/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1513008-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03773/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03773-g001-550.jpg?1730556832" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1513008-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03773/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03773-g001-550.jpg?1730556832" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Spearman correlations between food groups and protein intake in 5879 multi-ethnic U.S. adults. Correlations were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and energy intake. Only significant associations (<span class="html-italic">p</span>-value &lt; 0.05) are shown. The bars represent correlation coefficients (ρ, rho).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3773'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512888" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512888" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512888" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512888" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3772/s1?version=1730538320"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 26 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 263 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3772/pdf?version=1730966377" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire: VioScreen-Allergy" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3772">Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire: VioScreen-Allergy</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kaci Pickett-Nairne</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Deborah Glueck</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jessica Thomson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rick Weiss</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kelly N. Z. Fuller</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefka Fabbri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Claudia Schaefer</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Courtney Evans</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emily Bowhay</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Monica Martinez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wendy Moore</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>David Fleischer</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carina Venter</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3772; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213772">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213772</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 750 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: An adapted version of an online pictorial food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), VioScreen-Allergy, assesses total dietary intake and intake of allergens and foods in the maternal diet index (MDI), linked to offspring allergy. This study assessed intermethod reliability, test–retest reliability, and external validity <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3772/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: An adapted version of an online pictorial food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), VioScreen-Allergy, assesses total dietary intake and intake of allergens and foods in the maternal diet index (MDI), linked to offspring allergy. This study assessed intermethod reliability, test–retest reliability, and external validity of the VioScreen-Allergy. Methods: Females of childbearing age were recruited at Denver Health and Children’s Hospital, Colorado, USA, and were asked to complete four 24 h recalls and two VioScreen-Allergy FFQs over the course of a month. All those with at least two 24 h dietary recalls and both VioScreen-Allergy assessments were analyzed. Energy-adjusted and non-adjusted linear mixed models (1) compared MDI scores and intake of nutrients and allergens as measures of intermethod reliability; (2) evaluated VioScreen-Allergy test–retest reliability as differences between repeated measurements; and (3) assessed external validity by modeling associations between VioScreen-Allergy-derived intake of beta-carotene and orange vegetables and Veggie Meter<sup>®</sup>-assessed skin carotenoids. Bonferroni corrections controlled multiple comparisons within the assessment. Results: Of 53 participants enrolled, 25 demographically dissimilar participants were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences between 24 h recall and VioScreen-Allergy mean intakes of macronutrients, micronutrients, allergens, or MDI, except for Vitamin C, niacin, and cashew allergen protein. There were no significant differences between repeated measurements of VioScreen-Allergy, either energy-adjusted or unadjusted. Both beta-carotene and orange vegetable servings were significantly associated with Veggie Meter<sup>®</sup>. Conclusions: Although non-significance could have been due to low power, clinical as well as statistical assessments of intermethod reliability, test–retest reliability, and external validity suggest that VioScreen-Allergy has reasonable utility for trials assessing food allergens and MDI in the context of overall intake. The VioScreen questionnaire can also be used in future studies to assess macro- and micronutrient intake. Additional validation studies assessing different portion sizes and foods eaten by infants and young children are currently undergoing. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3772">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/A26Y917DEM ">Diet and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Allergic Diseases in Early Life</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512832" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 9 pages, 213 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3771/pdf?version=1730536478" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Influence of Diverse Cultures on Nutrition, Diabetes Management and Patient Education" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3771">The Influence of Diverse Cultures on Nutrition, Diabetes Management and Patient Education</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jessica Shapiro</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martin M. Grajower</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3771; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213771">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213771</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1707 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Providing relevant, patient-centered care starts with recognizing that patients living with diabetes are racially and ethnically diverse, which will influence their dietary behaviors. <b>Methods:</b> The authors draw upon literature descriptions and personal experience in clinical practice dealing with ethnically diverse populations <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3771/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Providing relevant, patient-centered care starts with recognizing that patients living with diabetes are racially and ethnically diverse, which will influence their dietary behaviors. <b>Methods:</b> The authors draw upon literature descriptions and personal experience in clinical practice dealing with ethnically diverse populations and include guidance offered in the literature regarding how to address these unique aspects when managing and educating patients with diabetes. <b>Results</b>: Proper interviewing techniques are described when dealing with culturally diverse populations, including ascertaining cultural, religious, and ethnic influences on dietary choices, and advice is given on how to improve nutritional behavior in these patients while acknowledging and validating these influences. <b>Conclusions</b>: When a proper nutrition interview is conducted, such as using motivational interviewing, aspects of the patient’s cultural, religious, ethnic, and other influences can be ascertained, and appropriate advice can be given to the patient on how to modify these influences to achieve a healthier nutritional behavior. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3771">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/A7AI456Y20 ">Update on Diet, Nutrition and Type 2 Diabetes: Separating the Science from the Hype</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512782" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512782" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512782" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512782" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3770/s1?version=1730532410"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 301 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 729 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3770/pdf?version=1730532410" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Frequency of Meal-Replacement Products Drinking and All-Cause, CVD, and Cancer Mortality" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3770">The Frequency of Meal-Replacement Products Drinking and All-Cause, CVD, and Cancer Mortality</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuxuan Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aolin Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haiming Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Meng Xiao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mingyu Song</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zilun Shao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rong Jiao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuanjie Pang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenjing Gao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tao Huang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Lv</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liming Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Canqing Yu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dianjianyi Sun</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3770; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213770">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213770</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 847 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Objectives: Our study aimed to assess the associations between meal-replacement (MR) drinking and risks of all-cause, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. Methods: The study was based on 6770 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3770/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Objectives: Our study aimed to assess the associations between meal-replacement (MR) drinking and risks of all-cause, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. Methods: The study was based on 6770 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) 2003–2006 with linked mortality data from the National Death Index for linked mortality records (until 31 December 2019). Respondents were categorized into four groups according to the frequency of MR drinking: ≤1 time per month (seldom), 2–3 times per month (monthly), 1–6 times per week (weekly), and ≥1 time per day (daily). The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of MR drinking with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression models. Likelihood ratio tests were used to find potential interactions of MR drinking with age, sex, and BMI. Results: During a median follow-up of 14.4 years, a total of 1668 death events were recorded among the study population. Compared to respondents who seldom drank MR, daily and weekly drinkers had greater risks of all-cause mortality (aHRs and 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.52 [1.17–1.97] for daily; 1.54 [1.24–1.91] for weekly). Stratified analyses indicated that the effects of MR on all-cause mortality were different between females and males and were more substantial among females (<i>P</i> for interaction: 0.003; daily female drinkers vs. daily male drinkers: 2.01 [1.40–2.90] vs. 1.24 [0.85–1.81]; weekly female drinkers vs. weekly male drinkers: 1.68 [1.26–2.24] vs. 1.36 [0.97–1.91]). Conclusions: Daily and weekly MR drinking might increase the risk of all-cause mortality. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3770">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3770/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512782"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512782"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512782" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512782" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512782" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512782-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-ag-550.jpg?1730532517" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1512782" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512782-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-g001-550.jpg?1730532515'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512782-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-g002-550.jpg?1730532516'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512782-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-ag-550.jpg?1730532517" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3770'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-g001-550.jpg?1730532515" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The weighted estimation for the proportion of people drinking MR products in the U.S. in the two year cycle.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3770'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03770/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03770-g002-550.jpg?1730532516" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Least-squared (LS) means of intakes of total energy (<b>A</b>), sugar (<b>B</b>), protein (<b>C</b>), fat (<b>D</b>), fiber (<b>E</b>), and BMI (<b>F</b>) by the frequency of MR drinking among 6770 respondents. LS means were adjusted for age and sex. Intakes of energy, total sugar, protein, fat, and fiber were measured by the means of the two day dietary interviews. BMI was measured through weight and height by trained staff. The error bar represents the 95% confidence intervals of the adjusted means. Nutrient intake was calculated from 24-h dietary recall.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3770'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512764" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 431 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3769/pdf?version=1730531049" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Co-Design and Refinement of Curriculum-Based Foodbot Factory Intervention to Support Elementary School Nutrition Education" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3769">Co-Design and Refinement of Curriculum-Based Foodbot Factory Intervention to Support Elementary School Nutrition Education</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jacqueline Marie Brown</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicholas Rita</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Beatriz Franco-Arellano</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ann LeSage</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>JoAnne Arcand</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3769; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213769">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213769</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 573 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: School-based nutrition education interventions can support the development of children’s food literacy and healthy eating habits. The Foodbot Factory serious game was developed to support school nutrition education based on Canada’s Food Guide and Ontario curriculum. The objective of this research was <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3769/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: School-based nutrition education interventions can support the development of children’s food literacy and healthy eating habits. The Foodbot Factory serious game was developed to support school nutrition education based on Canada’s Food Guide and Ontario curriculum. The objective of this research was to refine the Foodbot Factory intervention to include curriculum-based lesson plans that had a high-level of acceptability by stakeholders to support implementation by teachers in classrooms. Methods: A co-design approach was used to engage teacher and dietitian stakeholders in developing five lesson plans for the intervention, who contributed to creating the intervention content in three stages. The stages included reviewing and providing feedback on the initial draft of the lesson plans, participating in facilitated discussion rounds to come to a consensus on the changes required, and completing a final review of the intervention’s acceptability. Qualitative data included notes on the lesson plans and recordings from meetings that were analyzed thematically. Results: During the first co-design stage, major revisions were suggested for two-fifths of the lessons by stakeholders. Further stakeholder suggestions were discussed and integrated into the intervention from facilitated discussions, improving the lesson plan content and intervention feasibility. All stakeholders agreed that the final version of the intervention was acceptable and would support classroom nutrition education. Five lesson plans were created and compiled into a unit plan, containing additional teaching resources, to support nutrition education with Foodbot Factory. Conclusions: The co-design process greatly improved the Foodbot Factory intervention and its feasibility for classroom implementation. Including diverse stakeholder perspectives led to unique and different insights to improve the intervention. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3769">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3769/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512764-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03769/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03769-g001-550.jpg?1730531154" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1512764-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03769/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03769-g001-550.jpg?1730531154" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Co-design of the Foodbot Factory intervention with stakeholders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3769'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512777" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512777" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512777" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512777" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3768/s1?version=1730532153"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1469 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 4822 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3768/pdf?version=1730532152" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Licorice Functional Components Intakes on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and NETWORK Toxicology" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3768">Effects of Licorice Functional Components Intakes on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and NETWORK Toxicology</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tianyu Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingyi Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiayue Xia</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guiju Sun</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3768; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213768">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213768</a> - 2 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 830 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Objective: To investigate the effects of licorice functional ingredient intake on blood pressure, explore its potential mechanisms of action, and provide safety information for personalized nutritional interventions in special populations and for the application of licorice-derived functional foods. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3768/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Objective: To investigate the effects of licorice functional ingredient intake on blood pressure, explore its potential mechanisms of action, and provide safety information for personalized nutritional interventions in special populations and for the application of licorice-derived functional foods. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 31 August 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the intake of licorice or its functional components were included. The range of continuous variables was assessed using the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. Genes associated with hypertension were screened using an online database. Machine learning, receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis, molecular docking, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were employed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying licorice-induced blood pressure fluctuations. Results: Eight RCTs (541 participants) were included in the meta-analysis, which indicated interventions containing glycyrrhizic acid (GA) as the main component increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (SBP: WMD [95% <i>CI</i>] = 3.48 [2.74, 4.21], <i>p</i> < 0.001; DBP: WMD [95% <i>CI</i>] = 1.27 [0.76, 1.78], <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, interventions dominated by licorice flavonoids(LF) had no significant effect on SBP or DBP (SBP: WMD [95% <i>CI</i>] = 0.58 [−1.15, 2.31], <i>p</i> = 0.511; DBP: WMD [95% <i>CI</i>] = 0.17 [−1.53, 1.88], <i>p</i> = 0.843). Three machine learning algorithms identified five biomarkers associated with hypertension: calmodulin 3 (CALM3), cluster of differentiation 9 (CD9), growth factor independence 1B transcriptional repressor (GFI1B), myosin light chain kinase (MYLK), and Ras suppressor-1 (RSU1). After removing biomarkers with lower validity and reliability, GFI1B, MYLK, and RSU1 were selected for subsequent analysis. The network toxicology results suggested that GA and its metabolite glycyrrhetinic acid may act on GFI1B, MYLK, and RSU1, influencing blood pressure fluctuations by modulating nitrogen metabolism signaling pathways. Conclusions: There were distinct differences in the effects of licorice functional components on blood pressure. Functional constituents dominated by GA were shown to increase both SBP and DBP, whereas those dominated by LF did not exhibit significant effects on blood pressure. The hypertensive mechanism of GA may involve the modulation of GFI1B, MYLK, and RSU1 to regulate nitrogen metabolic pathways. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3768">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3768/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512777"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512777"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512777" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512777" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512777" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g001-550.jpg?1730532369" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512777" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g002-550.jpg?1730532371'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g003-550.jpg?1730532373'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g004-550.jpg?1730532375'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g005-550.jpg?1730532376'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g006-550.jpg?1730532379'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g007-550.jpg?1730532381'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g008-550.jpg?1730532383'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1512777-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g009-550.jpg?1730532386'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512777-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g001-550.jpg?1730532369" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Research scheme. Step 1: We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases for RCTs on licorice and blood pressure. Relevant studies were classified into two groups based on the primary licorice components, and duplicates were removed. Articles were then screened by abstract, with eight studies ultimately included. The publication bias of the included studies was assessed using the RevMan tool, and a quantitative analysis was performed using Stata. Step 2: Hypertension-associated genes were identified from TTD, OMIM, and GeneCards databases, complemented by transcriptomic data to screen additional hypertension-related genes. The intersection of these genes was further refined to identify hypertension biomarkers using machine learning methods. Step 3: Step 1 revealed a blood pressure-elevating effect of GA; therefore, toxicology prediction, molecular docking, and GSEA were employed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying this effect.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g002-550.jpg?1730532371" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Study screening flowchart.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g003-550.jpg?1730532373" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of weight difference and 95% confidence intervals for the effect of GA or LF intake on SBP and DBP. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) WMD and 95% CI of the effects of GA-based interventions on SBP and DBP. (<b>C</b>,<b>D</b>) WMD and 95% CI of the effects of LF-based interventions on SBP and DBP [<a href="#B20-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">20</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B29-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">29</a>,<a href="#B30-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">30</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">31</a>,<a href="#B32-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B33-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">34</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g004-550.jpg?1730532375" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Subgroup analysis of the effect of GA-based interventions on blood pressure. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) Effect of GA-based interventions intake on SBP at different doses and intervention times. (<b>C</b>,<b>D</b>) Effect of GA-based interventions intake on DBP at different doses and intervention times [<a href="#B20-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">20</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B32-nutrients-16-03768" class="html-bibr">32</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g005-550.jpg?1730532376" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Toxicological prediction results based on Pro Tox-3.0. (<b>A</b>) Oral toxic effect class of GA. (<b>B</b>) Basic chemical properties of GA. (<b>C</b>) Prediction of toxic effects of GA. Dili: drug-induced liver injury; Neuro: neurotoxicity; Nephro: nephrotoxicity; Respi: respiratory toxicity; Cardio: cardiotoxicity; Immuno: immunotoxicity; Nutri: nutritional toxicity; Mie_ache: achetylcholinesterase; Mie_pxr: pregnane X receptor; Mie_nadhox: NADH-quinone oxidoreductase.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g006-550.jpg?1730532379" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Network analysis and gene module selection related to hypertension. (<b>A</b>) Selection of the soft threshold power for WGCNA. (<b>B</b>) Screening of gene modules associated with hypertensive traits. (<b>C</b>) Gene modules showing high correlation with hypertension phenotypes. (<b>D</b>) Correlation plot of gene-trait relationships for the MEpink module. (<b>E</b>) Identification of hypertension-associated and effector genes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g007-550.jpg?1730532381" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Identify key signature genes for hypertension by machine learning. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) Accuracy and error rates of gene selection using the SVM-REF method. (<b>C</b>) Construction of the Lasso regression model. (<b>D</b>) Development of the Random Forest decision tree and identification of the point with minimal error. (<b>E</b>) Identification of hypertension-specific genes using the Random Forest approach. (<b>F</b>) Comparison of hypertension-specific gene selection across three machine learning algorithms.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g008-550.jpg?1730532383" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Validation of the diagnostic model for hypertension-specific signature genes. (<b>A</b>) Nomogram illustrating disease-associated genes. Expression levels of CALM3 (<b>B</b>), CD9 (<b>C</b>), MYLK (<b>D</b>), RSU1 (<b>E</b>), and GFI1B (<b>F</b>) in patients with hypertension. ROC curves for CALM3 (<b>G</b>), CD9 (<b>H</b>), MYLK (<b>I</b>), RSU1 (<b>J</b>), and GFI1B (<b>K</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03768/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03768-g009-550.jpg?1730532386" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Investigation of the potential toxicological mechanisms of GA. Molecular docking results of GFI1B (<b>A</b>), MYLK (<b>B</b>), and RSU1 (<b>C</b>) with GA; GSEA results of GFI1B (<b>D</b>), MYLK (<b>E</b>), and RSU1 (<b>F</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3768'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512640" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512640" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512640" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512640" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3767/s1?version=1730480752"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 337 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1848 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3767/pdf?version=1731055397" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Ultra-Processed Food Intake and Risk of Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3767">Ultra-Processed Food Intake and Risk of Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ali Pourmotabbed</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Farhang Hameed Awlqadr</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sanaz Mehrabani</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Atefeh Babaei</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alexei Wong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sepide Talebi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Faramarz Jalili</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sajjad Moradi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Reza Bagheri</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fred Dutheil</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3767; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213767">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213767</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1552 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Objectives: The objective of this investigation was to compile existing observational research and quantify the potential association between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of insomnia using meta-analysis. Setting: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3767/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Objectives: The objective of this investigation was to compile existing observational research and quantify the potential association between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of insomnia using meta-analysis. Setting: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases with no restrictions until 29 June 2024. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were aggregated using a random-effects model, while the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Egger’s regression asymmetry test assessed study quality and publication bias, respectively. Results: Analysis of data from seven studies showed a significant positive association between higher intake of UPFs and an increased risk of insomnia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.95; I<sup>2</sup> = 62.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.014). Subgroup analysis indicated this positive relationship was particularly strong under the NOVA food classification (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.40; I<sup>2</sup> = 78.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.009; n = 3) and with snack intake (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.71; I<sup>2</sup> = 0.0%; <i>p</i> < 0.001; n = 2), compared to adherence to Western dietary patterns. Moreover, subgroup analysis based on age group showed that higher UPF intake was significantly associated with increased risk of insomnia among adolescents (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.99; I<sup>2</sup> = 57.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.001) but not in adults. Conclusions: Our findings underscore a significant association between higher consumption of UPFs and increased risk of insomnia, particularly among adolescents. Further research is necessary to explore the intricacies of this association and to ensure the generalizability of these results. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3767">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3767/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512640"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512640"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512640" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512640" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512640" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512640-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g001-550.jpg?1731055550" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512640" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512640-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g002-550.jpg?1731055553'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512640-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g003-550.jpg?1731055555'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1512640-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g004-550.jpg?1731055556'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512640-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g001-550.jpg?1731055550" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart of the process of the study selection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3767'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g002-550.jpg?1731055553" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Forest plots demonstrating OR and 95% CI of pooled results from the random-effects models to evaluate the relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of insomnia [<a href="#B24-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">24</a>,<a href="#B25-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">25</a>,<a href="#B26-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">26</a>,<a href="#B27-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">27</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">31</a>,<a href="#B32-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">32</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3767'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g003-550.jpg?1731055555" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Forest plots showing sensitivity analysis results of the relationship between ultra-processed food intake and the risk of insomnia [<a href="#B24-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">24</a>,<a href="#B25-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">25</a>,<a href="#B26-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">26</a>,<a href="#B27-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">27</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">31</a>,<a href="#B32-nutrients-16-03767" class="html-bibr">32</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3767'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03767/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03767-g004-550.jpg?1731055556" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Funnel plot for evaluation of publication bias. Abbreviations: OR, Odds ratio.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3767'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512633" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512633" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512633" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512633" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3766/s1?version=1730477711"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 29 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 277 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3766/pdf?version=1730701342" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Employer Actions in Office Settings and Women’s Perception of the Workplace as Supportive of Healthy Eating: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3766">Employer Actions in Office Settings and Women’s Perception of the Workplace as Supportive of Healthy Eating: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aleksandra Hyży</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ilona Cieślak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joanna Gotlib-Małkowska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mariusz Panczyk</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alicja Kucharska</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mariusz Jaworski</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3766; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213766">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213766</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 712 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate how women working in office environments perceive their workplace as promoting healthy eating behaviors through employer-led actions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 professionally active women employed in office settings in Poland. Data were collected <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3766/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate how women working in office environments perceive their workplace as promoting healthy eating behaviors through employer-led actions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 professionally active women employed in office settings in Poland. Data were collected using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. Participants were divided into two groups based on their perceived level of workplace support for healthy eating behaviors, as measured by the Workplace Healthy Eating Scale. Group 1 (n = 125; 54.3%; mean score = 15.69, SD = 3.76) and Group 2 (n = 105; 45.7%; mean score = 29.88, SD = 5.15) reflected low and high perceived support, respectively. Results: A linear regression model was employed to assess the association between the perceived level of support and specific workplace initiatives, including access to fresh fruits and vegetables, meal preparation facilities, cafeteria usage, lectures on nutrition, cooking workshops, and individual dietary consultations. For Group 1, access to fresh fruits and vegetables was the only factor significantly associated with a positive perception of the workplace as promoting healthy eating (<i>p</i> = 0.003), explaining 6.5% of the variance (adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.065). In Group 2, both access to fresh produce and participation in cooking workshops were significantly associated with positive workplace perceptions (<i>p</i> < 0.001), explaining 41% of the variance (adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.410). Conclusions: Access to fresh produce is a key determinant of employees’ perceptions of workplace support for healthy eating behaviors, with a notably greater impact observed when combined with additional activities such as cooking workshops. Employer-led initiatives focusing on practical dietary engagement appear to be effective in enhancing workplace perceptions of health promotion. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3766">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/16OH2113R9 ">Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512524" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512524" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512524" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512524" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3765/s1?version=1730469778"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 2152 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 21 pages, 1515 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3765/pdf?version=1730469777" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Extracted Pulse Proteins on Lipid Targets for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3765">Effects of Extracted Pulse Proteins on Lipid Targets for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuting Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Songhee Back</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shannan M. Grant</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sabrina Ayoub-Charette</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Victoria Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Erika J. Lin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lukas Haintz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yue-Tong Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elmirah Ahmad</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jacqueline Gahagan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Christopher P. F. Marinangeli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vanessa Ha</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tauseef Ahmad Khan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sonia Blanco Mejia</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andreea Zurbau</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Russell J. de Souza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joseph Beyene</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marcia M. English</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vladimir Vuksan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Robert G. Josse</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock author-item-hidden js-author-item-hidden"><strong>Lawrence A. Leiter</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock author-item-hidden js-author-item-hidden"><strong>Cyril W. C. Kendall</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock author-item-hidden js-author-item-hidden"><strong>David J. A. Jenkins</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock author-item-hidden js-author-item-hidden"><strong>John L. Sievenpiper</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock author-item-hidden js-author-item-hidden"><strong>Laura Chiavaroli</strong></span><a href="#" class="show-full-author-list"><i class="material-icons">add</i> Show full author list </a><a href="#" class="hide-full-author-list"><i class="material-icons">remove</i> Hide full author list </a> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3765; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213765">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213765</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 1350 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Many clinical practice guidelines recommend dietary pulses for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The impact of extracted pulse proteins remains unclear. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the effect of extracted <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3765/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Many clinical practice guidelines recommend dietary pulses for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The impact of extracted pulse proteins remains unclear. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the effect of extracted pulse proteins on therapeutic lipid targets. Methods and Findings: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched through April 2024 for trials of ≥3-weeks. The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). The secondary outcomes were other lipid targets. Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Subgroup analyses included by pulse type and the certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results: Seven included trials (14 trial comparisons, n = 453) with a median of 4-weeks duration and dose of 35 g/day showed that extracted pulse proteins decreased LDL-C by −0.23 mmol/L (95% confidence interval: −0.36 to −0.10 mmol/L, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similar effects were observed for non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. No interactions were found by pulse type. Subgroup analyses revealed effect modification by sex, with greater proportions of females seeing greater reductions. GRADE was generally moderate. Conclusions: Extracted pulse proteins likely result in moderate reductions in LDL-C and other lipid targets. Future studies on various types of extracted pulse proteins including assessments by sex are warranted. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3765">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/bean_soy_health_disease ">Consumption of Bean and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3765/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512524"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512524"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512524" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512524" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512524" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512524-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03765/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03765-g001-550.jpg?1730469858" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512524" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512524-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03765/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03765-g002-550.jpg?1730469861'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512524-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03765/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03765-g001-550.jpg?1730469858" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The flow of the literature on the effect of extracted pulse proteins on blood lipids. apoB, apolipoprotein B; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3765'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03765/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03765-g002-550.jpg?1730469861" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>A summary plot of the effect of extracted pulse proteins on blood lipids in randomized controlled trials. Data are expressed as weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals of the summary effect estimates using the generic inverse variance method modeled by random effect (≥5 trial comparisons) or fixed effect (&lt;5 trial comparisons) meta-analyses. The between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q statistic, where P<sub>Q</sub> &lt; 0.100 was considered statistically significant, and quantified by the I<sup>2</sup> statistic, where I<sup>2</sup> ≥ 50% was considered evidence of substantial heterogeneity. The effect estimates of total extracted pulse proteins from different sources are denoted as diamonds. The effect estimates of individual extracted pulse protein types are denoted as squares. Any statistically significant reductions are highlighted in green. The grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) of randomized controlled trials are rated as having a “high” certainty of evidence and can be downgraded by 5 domains and upgraded by 1 domain. The white squares represent no downgrades, filled black squares indicate a single downgrade or upgrade for each outcome, and the black square with a white “2” indicates a double downgrade for each outcome. <sup>a</sup> Because all included trials were randomized controlled trials, the certainty of the evidence was graded as high for all outcomes by default and then downgraded or upgraded based on prespecified criteria. Criteria for downgrades included risk of bias (ROB) (downgraded if most trials were considered to be at high ROB); inconsistency (downgraded if there was substantial unexplained heterogeneity: I<sup>2</sup> ≥ 50%; P<sub>Q</sub> &lt; 0.10); indirectness (downgraded if there were factors absent or present relating to the participants, interventions, or outcomes that limited the generalizability of the results); imprecision (downgraded if the 95% confidence intervals crossed the minimally important difference (MID) for harm or benefit set at 0.1 mmol/L (5%) for LDL-C, non-HDL-C, HDL-C, and TG and ± 0.04 g/L for apoB [<a href="#B32-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B33-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B35-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">35</a>], or there was a concern with the robustness of the estimate resulting from sensitivity analyses); and publication bias (downgraded if there was evidence of publication bias based on the funnel plot asymmetry and/or significant Egger’s or Begg’s test (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.10) with the confirmation of evidence of small study effects by adjustment using the trim-and-fill analysis of Duval and Tweedie [<a href="#B42-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">42</a>]). The criteria for upgrades included a significant dose–response gradient that supports the direction of the pooled effect estimate. Please see <a href="#app1-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-app">Supplemental Table S7</a> for details on the GRADE assessment. <sup>b</sup> For the interpretation of the magnitude, we used the MIDs (see a) to assess the importance of the magnitude of our point estimate using the effect size categories according to the new GRADE guidance [<a href="#B51-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">51</a>,<a href="#B52-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">52</a>,<a href="#B53-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-bibr">53</a>] as follows: a large effect (≥5× MID); moderate effect (≥2× MID); small important effect (≥1× MID); and trivial/unimportant effect (&lt;1 MID). Please see <a href="#app1-nutrients-16-03765" class="html-app">Supplemental Table S7</a> for details on the GRADE assessment. * Owing to the difference in the directionality of HDL-C compared with the other outcomes with regards to signal for benefit or harm, the sign for the MD was changed. apoB, apolipoprotein B; CI, confidence interval; GRADE, grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MD, mean difference; N, number; non-HDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; P<sub>MD</sub>, <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value of the mean difference; P<sub>Q</sub>, <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value of the heterogeneity; ROB, risk of bias; TG, triglycerides.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3765'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512378" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512378" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512378" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512378" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3764/s1?version=1730456165"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 481 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 5101 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3764/pdf?version=1730456164" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of Acacia concinna Extract on Apoptosis Induction Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Modulated Intracellular Signaling Pathway in Human Colon HCT116 Cancer Cells" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3764">Effect of <i>Acacia concinna</i> Extract on Apoptosis Induction Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Modulated Intracellular Signaling Pathway in Human Colon HCT116 Cancer Cells</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pornnapa Sitthisuk</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sukanda Innajak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Watcharaporn Poorahong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Siritron Samosorn</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kulvadee Dolsophon</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ramida Watanapokasin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3764; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213764">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213764</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 861 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as one of the most prevalent cancer types and among the most frequent causes of cancer-related death globally. <i>Acacia concinna</i> (AC) is a medicinal and edible plant that exhibits a multitude of biological properties, including anticancer properties. This <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3764/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as one of the most prevalent cancer types and among the most frequent causes of cancer-related death globally. <i>Acacia concinna</i> (AC) is a medicinal and edible plant that exhibits a multitude of biological properties, including anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the AC extract on apoptosis induction and the underlying mechanisms associated with this effect in KRAS-mutated human colon HCT116 cells. Methods: The effect of AC extract on cell cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. Nuclear morphological changes were visualized with Hoechst 33342 staining, while mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed via JC-1 staining. Flow cytometry was employed for cell cycle analysis, and intracellular ROS levels were determined using DCFH-DA staining. Results: The results showed that HCT116 cells exposed to AC extract showed reduced cell growth and prompted apoptosis, as indicated by an increase in chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies, the sub-G1 apoptotic cell population, and disrupted MMP. Expression levels of apoptosis mediator proteins determined by Western blot analysis showed an increase in pro-apoptotic proteins (Bak and Bax) while decreasing anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1), leading to caspase-7 activation and PARP inactivation. AC extract was also found to enhance intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and stimulate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Furthermore, AC extract increases the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and c-Jun while downregulating PI3K, Akt, β-catenin, and their downstream target proteins. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that AC extract could inhibit cancer cell growth via ROS-induced ER stress associated with apoptosis and regulate the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in HCT116 cells. Therefore, AC extract may be a novel candidate for natural anticancer resources for colon cancer treatment. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3764">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3764/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512378"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512378"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512378" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512378" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512378" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g001-550.jpg?1730594907" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512378" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g002-550.jpg?1730594908'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g003-550.jpg?1730594911'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g004-550.jpg?1730594913'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g005-550.jpg?1730594915'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g006-550.jpg?1730594917'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g007-550.jpg?1730594919'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g008-550.jpg?1730594921'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1512378-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g009-550.jpg?1730594923'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512378-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g001-550.jpg?1730594907" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>NMR spectra of the AC ethanol extract in DMSO-<span class="html-italic">d6</span>: (<b>A</b>) <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum; (<b>B</b>) <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectrum; (<b>C</b>) HMBC correlations.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g002-550.jpg?1730594908" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>AC extract inhibited cell proliferation in HCT116 cells. The cells were treated with different concentrations of AC extract for 24 h and examined using the MTT assay. The cell viability is presented as a percentage compared to the control cells. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g003-550.jpg?1730594911" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on the induction of apoptosis in HCT116 cells. (<b>A</b>) Nuclear morphological changes were assessed by staining cells with Hoechst 33342 and observed by fluorescence microscopy (20×). The red arrows indicated nuclear condensation and apoptotic bodies. (<b>B</b>) The loss of MMP in the cells was evaluated using JC-1 staining and observed by fluorescence microscopy (20×). The green fluorescence indicated the loss of MMP. (<b>C</b>) The histogram represented the percent of nuclear-condensed cells relative to the control cells. (<b>D</b>) The histogram represented the relative intensity of red fluorescence compared to the control cells. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g004-550.jpg?1730594913" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on cell cycle distribution in HCT116 cells. (<b>A</b>) The histograms represent the DNA content analysis performed by flow cytometry. (<b>B</b>) The graphical representation compared the relative sub-G1 level to the control cells. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g005-550.jpg?1730594915" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on intracellular ROS level in HCT116 cells. The cells were treated with AC extract for 2 h, determined by DCFH-DA staining, and observed by a fluorescence microscope (20×). (<b>A</b>) DCF fluorescence image in HCT116 cells. The green fluorescence indicated ROS formation in the cells. (<b>B</b>) The relative DCF fluorescence intensity compared to the control cells. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g006-550.jpg?1730594917" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on apoptosis-related protein expression in HCT116 cells. (<b>A</b>) The expression of protein was detected by Western blot analysis. (<b>B</b>,<b>C</b>) The relative band intensity of apoptosis-related proteins compared to the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g007-550.jpg?1730594919" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on ER stress-related proteins in HCT116 cells. The cells were treated with AC extract or Tm (10 µg/mL). (<b>A</b>) The protein expression was examined by Western blot analysis. (<b>B</b>) The relative band intensity compared to the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g008-550.jpg?1730594921" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on MAPK pathway in HCT116 cells. (<b>A</b>) The protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis. (<b>B</b>) The relative band intensity compared to the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03764/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03764-g009-550.jpg?1730594923" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Effect of AC extract on PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. (<b>A</b>) The expression of PI3K, p-PDK1, p-Akt (Ser473), p-Akt (Thr308), and Akt. (<b>B</b>) The relative band intensity of PI3K/Akt proteins compared to the control group. (<b>C</b>) The protein expression of p-GSK-3β, GSK-3β, β-catenin, c-Myc, and survivin. (<b>D</b>) The relative band intensity of Wnt/β-catenin proteins compared to the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, indicating significant differences compared to the control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3764'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512385" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 8 pages, 230 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3763/pdf?version=1730456427" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Micronutrient Deficiency and Muscular Status in Inflammatory Bowel Disease" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3763">Micronutrient Deficiency and Muscular Status in Inflammatory Bowel Disease</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joonhee Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hyun Joo Song</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Min Sook Kang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hogyung Jun</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Heung Up Kim</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ki Soo Kang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Donghyoun Lee</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3763; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213763">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213763</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 913 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Micronutrient deficiencies are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate micronutrient deficiencies and identify muscular status of patients with IBD. From June 2019 to October 2021, a total of 105 patients with IBD were enrolled prospectively. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3763/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Micronutrient deficiencies are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate micronutrient deficiencies and identify muscular status of patients with IBD. From June 2019 to October 2021, a total of 105 patients with IBD were enrolled prospectively. To obtain objective data, micronutrients were measured in the patients' serum, and body composition analysis was performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. There were 51 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 54 with Crohn’s disease (CD), while the gender ratio (M: F) was 54:51. The average age was 37 ± 18 years, which was significantly lower in patients with CD than UC (29 ± 16 vs. 45 ± 16, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Iron and magnesium were lower in patients with CD compared to UC, respectively (63.3 ± 42.5 vs. 82.8 ± 44.0 µg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.024, 2.08 ± 0.15 vs. 2.15 ± 0.19 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.036). Vitamin D levels showed insufficiency in patients with UC and deficiency (below 20 ng/mL) in patients with CD (20.1 ± 10.6 vs. 19.0 ± 9.9 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.567). In the UC and CD patient groups, skeletal muscle index (SMI) and adjusted skeletal muscle mass were lower in patients with CD compared to UC (SMI: 32.8 ± 4.7 vs. 35.8 ± 5.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.004, adjusted skeletal muscle: 7.0 ± 1.5 vs. 8.2 ± 1.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In conclusion, decreased trace elements, specifically iron, magnesium, and vitamin D, as well as skeletal muscle mass were observed to be prominent in patients with CD as compared to UC. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3763">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/J0O29N489I ">Micronutrients in the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Anabolism</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512363" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512363" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512363" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512363" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3762/s1?version=1730455601"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 513 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 747 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3762/pdf?version=1730455601" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Management Patterns of Teduglutide Use in Short Bowel Syndrome: A Survey of 70 Healthcare Professionals" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3762">Management Patterns of Teduglutide Use in Short Bowel Syndrome: A Survey of 70 Healthcare Professionals</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Felix Harpain</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Slobodan Milicevic</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucy Howard</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patricia Biedermann</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ulrich-Frank Pape</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3762; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213762">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213762</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 745 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: This study aimed to gain real-world insights from healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding the management of adult patients with short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure (SBS-IF) who received teduglutide and achieved parenteral support (PS) independence or PS volume stability for ≥12 months. Methods: <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3762/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: This study aimed to gain real-world insights from healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding the management of adult patients with short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure (SBS-IF) who received teduglutide and achieved parenteral support (PS) independence or PS volume stability for ≥12 months. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in five European countries and Canada via a self-reported questionnaire (November 2022–March 2023) among HCPs who manage patients with SBS-IF and who had prescribed teduglutide to ≥5 patients with SBS-IF receiving PS. Results: Of the 70 HCPs who completed the survey, almost all reported managing patients with SBS-IF who achieved PS independence or PS volume stability (99%, 69/70 and 97%, 68/70, respectively) and maintained the standard teduglutide dose, without changes. A total of 52 HCPs managed patients who achieved PS independence and discontinued teduglutide. Of these HCPs, 73% (38/52) anticipated that these patients would remain PS-independent, not requiring PS reintroduction. Of the remainder, 79% (11/14) estimated that ≤40% of these patients would require PS reintroduction. While many HCPs (81%, 42/52) would reintroduce teduglutide in patients who discontinued its use after achieving PS independence, none would do so for patients who discontinued teduglutide after achieving PS volume stability if a patient’s condition worsened. Conclusions: This survey found that patients with SBS-IF can achieve PS independence or PS volume stability with teduglutide treatment. However, some HCPs (27%, 14/52) believe that a proportion of patients discontinuing teduglutide after achieving PS independence will require PS reintroduction. This survey suggests that teduglutide treatment should continue uninterrupted, unless clinically indicated, but this requires confirmation in future studies. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3762">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Metabolism">Nutrition and Metabolism</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3762/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512363"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512363"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512363" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512363" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512363" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512363-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g001-550.jpg?1730455723" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512363" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512363-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g002-550.jpg?1730455725'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512363-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g003-550.jpg?1730455728'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512363-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g001-550.jpg?1730455723" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Teduglutide dose strategy for patients with SBS-IF who achieved PS independence (<b>A</b>) or PS volume stability for ≥12 months (<b>B</b>) after teduglutide treatment. IF, intestinal failure; PS, parenteral support; SBS, short bowel syndrome.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3762'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g002-550.jpg?1730455725" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Frequency of monitoring tests for patients with SBS-IF who achieved PS independence (<b>A</b>) or PS volume stability for ≥12 months (<b>B</b>) after teduglutide treatment. Data to the left of the bars represent the number of patients. Data next to the bars represent mean (standard deviation). IF, intestinal failure; PS, parenteral support; SBS, short bowel syndrome.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3762'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03762/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03762-g003-550.jpg?1730455728" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Tests performed to monitor patients with SBS-IF who achieved PS independence after initiating teduglutide treatment among patients who maintained teduglutide dose with no changes (<b>A</b>), who underwent teduglutide dose reduction (<b>B</b>), and who discontinued teduglutide (<b>C</b>). HCP, healthcare professional; IF, intestinal failure; PS, parenteral support; SBS, short bowel syndrome.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3762'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512328" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 718 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3761/pdf?version=1730454305" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Protective Effects of Probiotics on Runners’ Mood: Immunometabolic Mechanisms Post-Exercise" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3761">Protective Effects of Probiotics on Runners’ Mood: Immunometabolic Mechanisms Post-Exercise</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Edgar Tavares-Silva</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Valdir de Aquino Lemos</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elias de França</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jean Silvestre</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Samile Amorim dos Santos</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Graziela Rosa Ravacci</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli-Santos</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3761; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213761">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213761</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 981 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: The gut–brain axis may mediate mood changes due to strenuous exercise. Therefore, probiotic supplementation may mitigate mood worsening. Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on mood and immunometabolic parameters after a marathon. Materials and methods: Fourteen <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3761/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: The gut–brain axis may mediate mood changes due to strenuous exercise. Therefore, probiotic supplementation may mitigate mood worsening. Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on mood and immunometabolic parameters after a marathon. Materials and methods: Fourteen marathon runners were selected and divided into placebo and probiotic groups that were supplemented for 30 days. Before and after the marathon, mood (POMS) was assessed, and blood was collected for analysis of immunometabolic parameters. Statistical analysis was performed, and <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered to determine statistically differences. Results: Tension decreased after the marathon in both groups. Vigor decreased only in the placebo group. Fatigue increased after the marathon in both groups. TMD increased after the marathon in placebo. The IL2/IL-4 ratio decreased in the probiotic group after the marathon compared to before and increased compared to the placebo group. The IL-10 increased after the marathon in placebo. TNF-α increased after the marathon in probiotics. The TNF-α/IL-10 ratio decreased after the marathon in both groups. LPS decreased in the probiotic group after the marathon compared to before and in the placebo group. Conclusions: Thirty days of probiotic supplementation attenuated the impact of marathons on mood worsening. The decrease in LPS in the probiotic group mediated the change in the pro/anti-inflammatory balance, indicating an immunometabolic mechanism by which the gut–brain axis impacts mood after strenuous exercise. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3761">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/C1521TP86H ">Vital Connections between Immunometabolism, Immunonutrition and Health/Disease: A Look into the Future</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3761/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512328-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03761/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03761-g001-550.jpg?1730454430" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1512328-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03761/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03761-g001-550.jpg?1730454430" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Participation flowchart.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3761'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512318" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1512318" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1512318" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1512318" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3760/s1?version=1730453877"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 205 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 2947 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3760/pdf?version=1730453877" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Protective Effects of Plum on Liver and Gut Injury in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3760">Protective Effects of Plum on Liver and Gut Injury in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ji-Su Kim</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sun-Mee Hong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Do-Kyun Kim</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Young-Eun Cho</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3760; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213760">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213760</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 969 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), a persistent liver condition associated with metabolic syndrome, is primarily caused by excessive fructose intake and a typical Western diet. Because there is currently only one approved treatment, lifestyle and dietary interventions are crucial. This study assessed <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3760/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), a persistent liver condition associated with metabolic syndrome, is primarily caused by excessive fructose intake and a typical Western diet. Because there is currently only one approved treatment, lifestyle and dietary interventions are crucial. This study assessed the effects of dietary intervention involving freeze-dried plum (FDP), a natural source of antioxidants containing diverse polyphenols. This study aimed to assess its potential as a protective agent against the gut–liver axis and its therapeutic effects on liver injury and gut permeability issues associated with MASLD. We indicate that 10% FDP intake restored gut barrier proteins and reduced serum endotoxin levels in the MASLD mouse models. Additionally, 10% FDP intake significantly reduced hepatic oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and fibrosis marker levels. Interestingly, FDP intake significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α and markers of liver damage, such as serum alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase and hepatic triglycerides. These results highlight that dietary intervention with FDP that acts as a natural antioxidant may be a significant protective and therapeutic agent against liver and gut damage caused by MASLD. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3760">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/YM6YYQ0123 ">Relationship Between Diet and Lifestyle and Liver Health: From the Latest Perspective</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3760/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512318"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512318"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512318" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512318" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512318" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g001-550.jpg?1730454062" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512318" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g002-550.jpg?1730454064'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1512318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g003-550.jpg?1730454068'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1512318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g004-550.jpg?1730454070'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1512318-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g005-550.jpg?1730454073'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512318-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g001-550.jpg?1730454062" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>This summary highlights the protective effects of plum against oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, and liver fibrosis induced by diet high in fat, fructose, and cholesterol. The left and right illustrations indicate an increase in these parameters in the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease mouse model and a decrease in each parameter owing to the plum diet, respectively. Upward and downward arrows also represent increase and decrease, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3760'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g002-550.jpg?1730454064" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Effect of freeze-dried plum (FDP) diet on body weight, glucose metabolism, and inflammation markers in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) mice. (<b>A</b>) Schematic representation to study the effects of plum diet against MASLD mice. (<b>B</b>) The representative body weight. (<b>C</b>) The representative liver weight. (<b>D</b>) Glucose tolerance testing of the area under the curve for MASLD mice. (<b>E</b>) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels are measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, between CON and high-fat, -fructose, and -cholesterol (FFC) groups; # <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 between FFC and FFC + 10% FDP groups. The significance of mean values for each group is determined using Student’s <span class="html-italic">t</span>-test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3760'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g003-550.jpg?1730454068" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Freeze-dried plum (FDP) diet attenuated high-fat, -fructose, and -cholesterol (FFC)-induced liver injury in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease mice. (<b>A</b>) Representative hematoxylin and eosin-stained liver sections for CON, FFC, FFC + 10% FDP group, as indicated. The levels of (<b>B</b>) serum alanine aminotransferase, (<b>C</b>) aspartate aminotransferase, and (<b>D</b>) hepatic triglycerides are presented. Immunoblot analyses for (<b>E</b>) oxidative stress markers (cytochrome P450 2E1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and 3-nitrotyrosine) and (<b>F</b>) apoptosis markers (Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and phosphorylated c-Jun <span class="html-italic">N</span>-terminal kinase) for the indicated groups. Densitometric analysis of immunoblotting for each protein is demonstrated relative to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase loading control. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 between CON and FFC groups; # <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and ### <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 between FFC and FFC + 10%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3760'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g004-550.jpg?1730454070" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Freeze-dried plum (FDP) diet attenuated high-fat, -fructose, and -cholesterol (FFC)-induced liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease mice. (<b>A</b>) Representative Sirius Red-stained liver sections for CON, FFC, FFC + 10% FDP, as indicated. Immunoblot results for (<b>B</b>–<b>D</b>) various liver lipid metabolism markers (fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) or fibrosis markers (collagen type I alpha [COL/A], Pro-COL/A2, transforming growth factor beta, matrix metalloproteinase 2-, MMP-9, and alpha-smooth muscle actin) for the indicated groups. Densitometric analysis of immunoblotting for each protein is demonstrated relative to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase loading control. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 between CON and FFC groups; # <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, between FFC and FFC + 10% FDP groups. The significance of mean values for each group is determined using Student’s <span class="html-italic">t</span>-test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3760'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03760/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03760-g005-550.jpg?1730454073" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Freeze-dried plum (FDP) diet prevented high-fat, -fructose, and -cholesterol (FFC)-induced leaky gut in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease mice. (<b>A</b>) Representative sections of the small intestine stained with hematoxylin and eosin for CON, FFC, FFC + 10% FDP, as indicated. (<b>B</b>) Serum endotoxin levels. (<b>C</b>) Levels of oxidative stress protein markers (cytochrome P450 2E1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and 3-nitrotyrosine). (<b>D</b>) Levels of gut tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, claudin-4, and occludin) or (<b>E</b>) adherens junction proteins (E-cadherin, β-catenin, and α-tubulin). Densitometric analysis of immunoblotting for each protein is demonstrated relative to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase loading control. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 between CON and FFC groups; # <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, and ### <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 between FFC and FFC + 10% FDP groups. The significance of mean values for each group is determined using Student’s <span class="html-italic">t</span>-test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3760'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1512240" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 635 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3759/pdf?version=1730966777" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="How Follow-Up Period in Prospective Cohort Studies Affects Relationship Between Baseline Serum 25(OH)D Concentration and Risk of Stroke and Major Cardiovascular Events" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/21/3759">How Follow-Up Period in Prospective Cohort Studies Affects Relationship Between Baseline Serum 25(OH)D Concentration and Risk of Stroke and Major Cardiovascular Events</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>William B. Grant</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Barbara J. Boucher</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(21), 3759; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213759">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213759</a> - 1 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 978 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Prospective cohort studies are useful for studying how biomolecular status affects risk of adverse health outcomes. Less well known is that the longer the follow-up time, the lower the association (or “apparent effect”) due to “regression dilution”. Here, we evaluate how follow-up <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3759/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Prospective cohort studies are useful for studying how biomolecular status affects risk of adverse health outcomes. Less well known is that the longer the follow-up time, the lower the association (or “apparent effect”) due to “regression dilution”. Here, we evaluate how follow-up interval from baseline to “event” affects the relationship between baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and the later incidence of stroke and major cardiovascular events (MACEs). <b>Methods:</b> Findings for the relative risk (RR) of stroke and MACEs with respect to serum 25(OH)D concentrations at baseline from prospective cohort studies were plotted against mean follow-up time. Fifteen studies from mainly European countries and the United States were used for stroke and nine studies for MACEs. Linear regression analyses were used to study data for follow-up periods of up to 10 years and for more than 10 years. <b>Results:</b> For stroke, the linear regression fit for 1–10 years is RR = 0.34 + (0.065 × follow-up [years]), <i>r</i> = 0.84, adjusted <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.67, <i>p</i> < 0.001. No significant variations in association were found for studies with follow-up periods of 10–20 years. For MACEs, the linear fit for 1–8.1 years is RR = 0.61 + (0.055 × follow-up [years]), <i>r</i> = 0.81, adjusted <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.03. <b>Discussion:</b> The shorter the follow-up period, the greater the apparent effect of better vitamin D status in reducing risk of stroke and MACEs. In addition, the apparent effect of higher 25(OH)D concentration found for the shortest follow-up time is more than twice as great as the estimate based on average follow-up intervals for all studies. Mechanisms have been found to explain how higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations could reduce risk of stroke and MACEs. Randomized controlled trials have not shown that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces risk of either stroke or MACEs, probably because risk of both outcomes increases rapidly below 15 ng/mL (38 nmol/L) and it is difficult in Western developed countries to enroll enough participants with concentrations that low. Nonetheless, vitamin D’s role in reducing risk of stroke and MACEs could be considered causal on the basis of an evaluation of the evidence using Hill’s criteria for causality in a biological system. <b>Conclusions:</b> Serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 20 ng/mL are associated with significantly reduced risk of stroke and MACEs prospectively and in an apparent causal manner. Raising serum 25(OH)D concentrations to >20 ng/mL should, therefore, be recommended for everyone likely to be at risk for stroke or MACEs and indeed in the general population. <a href="/2072-6643/16/21/3759">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Micronutrients_Human_Health">Micronutrients and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3759/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1512240"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1512240"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1512240" data-cycle-prev="#prev1512240" data-cycle-progressive="#images1512240" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1512240-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03759/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03759-g001-550.jpg?1730966986" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1512240" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1512240-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03759/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03759-g002-550.jpg?1730966990'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1512240-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03759/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03759-g001-550.jpg?1730966986" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Plot of relative risk for stroke versus years of follow-up with respect to high vs. low 25(OH)D concentration, with regression fits to studies of less than 10 years and for those carried out over more than 10 years; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. Equation for regression fit to RR for follow-up period &lt; 10 years is RR = 0.34 + (0.065 × follow-up [years]), <span class="html-italic">r</span> = 0.84, adjusted <span class="html-italic">r</span><sup>2</sup> = 0.67, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3759'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03759/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03759-g002-550.jpg?1730966990" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Plot of relative risk of a major cardiovascular event (MACE) versus mean follow-up period for high versus low 25(OH)D concentration. Equation for regression fitted to RRs over follow-up periods &lt;10 years is RR = 0.61 + (0.055 × follow-up [years]), <span class="html-italic">r</span> = 0.81, adjusted <span class="html-italic">r</span><sup>2</sup> = 0.59, <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.03.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/21/3759'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <span class="more" style="display: none;"></span> </div> <div class="row footer"> <div class="listing-select-options"> <div class="columns small-12"> <div class="select generic-item"> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element export-expanded"> Show export options <i class="material-icons">expand_more</i> </a> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element"> Show export options <i class="material-icons">expand_less</i> </a> </div> <div class="listing-export-options export-element"> <div class="export-element" style="margin-top: 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jsondata = result.chart; var series = new Array(); if ('elements' in jsondata) { $.each(jsondata.elements, function(i, element) { var dataValues = new Array(); $.each(element.values, function(i, value) { dataValues.push(new Array(value.tip, value.value)); }); series[i] = {name: element.text, data:dataValues}; }); Highcharts.setOptions({ chart: { style: { fontFamily: 'Arial,sans-serif' } } }); $('#issue_stats_swf').highcharts({ chart: { type: 'line', width: $("#tabs").width() //* 0.91 }, credits: { enabled: false }, exporting: { enabled: true }, title: { text: jsondata.title.text, x: -20 //center }, xAxis: { categories: jsondata.x_axis.labels.labels, offset: jsondata.x_axis.offset, labels:{ step: jsondata.x_axis.labels.steps, rotation: 30 } }, yAxis: { max: jsondata.y_axis.max, min: jsondata.y_axis.min, offset: jsondata.y_axis.offset, labels: { steps: jsondata.y_axis.steps }, title: { enabled: false } }, tooltip: { formatter: function (){ return this.key.replace("#val#", this.y); } }, 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Nutrients | November-1 2024 - Browse Articles