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molecule</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: probing molecule"> <meta name="keywords" content="probing molecule"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="probing molecule"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 589</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: probing molecule</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">319</span> Insights on Nitric Oxide Interaction with Phytohormones in Rice Root System Response to Metal Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piacentini%20Diego">Piacentini Diego</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Della%20Rovere%20Federica"> Della Rovere Federica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fattorini%20Laura"> Fattorini Laura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lanni%20Francesca"> Lanni Francesca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cittadini%20Martina"> Cittadini Martina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Altamura%20Maria%20Maddalena"> Altamura Maria Maddalena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Falasca%20Giuseppina"> Falasca Giuseppina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to cope with environmental cues. Changes in intracellular content and distribution of phytohormones, such as the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), have been involved in morphogenic adaptation to environmental stresses. In addition to phytohormones, plants can rely on a plethora of small signal molecules able to promptly sense and transduce the stress signals, resulting in morpho/physiological responses thanks also to their capacity to modulate the levels/distribution/reception of most hormones. Among these signaling molecules, nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide – NO) is a critical component in several plant acclimation strategies to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Depending on its levels, NO increases plant adaptation by enhancing the enzymatic or non-enzymatic antioxidant systems or by acting as a direct scavenger of reactive oxygen/nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species produced during the stress. In addition, exogenous applications of NO-specific donor compounds showed the involvement of the signal molecule in auxin metabolism, transport, and signaling, under both physiological and stress conditions. However, the complex mechanisms underlying NO action in interacting with phytohormones, such as auxins, during metal stress responses are still poorly understood and need to be better investigated. Emphasis must be placed on the response of the root system since it is the first plant organ system to be exposed to metal soil pollution. The monocot Oryza sativa L. (rice) has been chosen given its importance as a stable food for some 4 billion people worldwide. In addition, increasing evidence has shown that rice is often grown in contaminated paddy soils with high levels of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) and metalloid arsenic (As). The facility through which these metals are taken up by rice roots and transported to the aerial organs up to the edible caryopses makes rice one of the most relevant sources of these pollutants for humans. This study aimed to evaluate if NO has a mitigatory activity in the roots of rice seedlings against Cd or As toxicity and to understand if this activity requires interactions with auxin. Our results show that exogenous treatments with the NO-donor SNP alleviate the stress induced by Cd, but not by As, in in-vitro-grown rice seedlings through increased intracellular root NO levels. The damages induced by the pollutants include root growth inhibition, root histological alterations and ROS (H2O2, O2●ˉ), and RNS (ONOOˉ) production. Also, SNP treatments mitigate both the root increase in root IAA levels and the IAA alteration in distribution monitored by the OsDR5::GUS system due to the toxic metal exposure. Notably, the SNP-induced mitigation of the IAA homeostasis altered by the pollutants does not involve changes in the expression of OsYUCCA1 and ASA2 IAA-biosynthetic genes. Taken together, the results highlight a mitigating role of NO in the rice root system, which is pollutant-specific, and involves the interaction of the signal molecule with both IAA and brassinosteroids at different (i.e., transport, levels, distribution) and multiple levels (i.e., transcriptional/post-translational levels). The research is supported by Progetti Ateneo Sapienza University of Rome, grant number: RG120172B773D1FF <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title="arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auxin" title=" auxin"> auxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitric%20oxide" title=" nitric oxide"> nitric oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title=" rice"> rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20system" title=" root system"> root system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160128/insights-on-nitric-oxide-interaction-with-phytohormones-in-rice-root-system-response-to-metal-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">318</span> Modeling the Elastic Mean Free Path of Electron Collision with Pyrimidine: The Screen Corrected Additivity Rule Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aouina%20Nabila%20Yasmina">Aouina Nabila Yasmina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaoui%20Zine%20El%20Abiddine"> Chaoui Zine El Abiddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the elastic mean free path (EMFP) of electrons colliding with pyrimidine, a precursor to the pyrimidine bases in DNA, employing the Screen Corrected Additivity Rule (SCAR) method. The SCAR method is introduced as a novel approach that combines classical and quantum mechanical principles to elucidate the interaction of electrons with pyrimidine. One of the most fundamental properties characterizing the propagation of a particle in the nuclear medium is its mean free path. Knowledge of the elastic mean free path is essential to accurately predict the effects of radiation on biological matter, as it contributes to the distances between collisions. Additionally, the mean free path plays a role in the interpretation of almost all experiments in which an excited electron moves through a solid. Pyrimidine, the precursor of the pyrimidine bases of DNA, has interesting physicochemical properties, which make it an interesting molecule to study from a fundamental point of view. These include a relatively large dipole polarizability and dipole moment and an electronic charge cloud with a significant spatial extension, which justifies its choice in this present study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20mean%20free%20path" title="elastic mean free path">elastic mean free path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20collision" title=" elastic collision"> elastic collision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrimidine" title=" pyrimidine"> pyrimidine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCAR" title=" SCAR"> SCAR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179786/modeling-the-elastic-mean-free-path-of-electron-collision-with-pyrimidine-the-screen-corrected-additivity-rule-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179786.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">317</span> Epigenetic Reprogramming of Aging: Reversing the Clock for Regenerative Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ahmad%20Ahmad%20Odah">Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Odah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aging is a complex biological process characterized by the progressive decline of physiological functions and increased vulnerability to age-related diseases. Epigenetic changes, particularly DNA methylation alterations, play a critical role in the aging process by influencing gene expression and genomic stability. This study explores the potential of epigenetic reprogramming as a strategy to reverse aging phenotypes in human fibroblasts. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and small molecule inhibitors targeting DNA methylation and histone acetylation, we successfully induced significant changes in DNA methylation and gene expression profiles. Our results demonstrate a global reduction in DNA methylation levels and the identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with cellular senescence and DNA repair. Additionally, treated fibroblasts exhibited enhanced proliferative capacity, reduced cellular senescence, and improved differentiation potential. These findings suggest that epigenetic reprogramming could be a promising approach for regenerative medicine, offering potential therapeutic strategies to counteract age-related decline and extend healthy lifespan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigenetic%20reprogramming" title="epigenetic reprogramming">epigenetic reprogramming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20methylation" title=" DNA methylation"> DNA methylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellular%20rejuvenation" title=" cellular rejuvenation"> cellular rejuvenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CRISPR-Cas9" title=" CRISPR-Cas9"> CRISPR-Cas9</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=senescence" title=" senescence"> senescence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190299/epigenetic-reprogramming-of-aging-reversing-the-clock-for-regenerative-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">316</span> Separation of Lanthanides Ions from Mineral Waste with Functionalized Pillar[5]Arenes: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization and Molecular Dynamics Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ariesny%20Vera">Ariesny Vera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20Montecinos"> Rodrigo Montecinos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rare-earth elements (REEs) or rare-earth metals (REMs), correspond to seventeen chemical elements composed by the fifteen lanthanoids, as well as scandium and yttrium. Lanthanoids corresponds to lanthanum and the f-block elements, from cerium to lutetium. Scandium and yttrium are considered rare-earth elements because they have ionic radii similar to the lighter f-block elements. These elements were called rare earths because they are simply more difficult to extract and separate individually than the most metals and, generally, they do not accumulate in minerals, they are rarely found in easily mined ores and are often unfavorably distributed in common ores/minerals. REEs show unique chemical and physical properties, in comparison to the other metals in the periodic table. Nowadays, these physicochemical properties are utilized in a wide range of synthetic, catalytic, electronic, medicinal, and military applications. Because of their applications, the global demand for rare earth metals is becoming progressively more important in the transition to a self-sustaining society and greener economy. However, due to the difficult separation between lanthanoid ions, the high cost and pollution of these processes, the scientists search the development of a method that combines selectivity and quantitative separation of lanthanoids from the leaching liquor, while being more economical and environmentally friendly processes. This motivation has favored the design and development of more efficient and environmentally friendly cation extractors with the incorporation of compounds as ionic liquids, membrane inclusion polymers (PIM) and supramolecular systems. Supramolecular chemistry focuses on the development of host-guest systems, in which a host molecule can recognize and bind a certain guest molecule or ion. Normally, the formation of a host-guest complex involves non-covalent interactions Additionally, host-guest interactions can be influenced among others effects by the structural nature of host and guests. The different macrocyclic hosts for lanthanoid species that have been studied are crown ethers, cyclodextrins, cucurbituryls, calixarenes and pillararenes.Among all the factors that can influence and affect lanthanoid (III) coordination, perhaps the most basic of them is the systematic control using macrocyclic substituents that promote a selective coordination. In this sense, macrocycles pillar[n]arenes (P[n]As) present a relatively easy functionalization and they have more π-rich cavity than other host molecules. This gives to P[n]As a negative electrostatic potential in the cavity which would be responsible for the selectivity of these compounds towards cations. Furthermore, the cavity size, the linker, and the functional groups of the polar headgroups could be modified in order to control the association of lanthanoid cations. In this sense, different P[n]As systems, specifically derivatives of the pentamer P[5]A functionalized with amide, amine, phosphate and sulfate derivatives, have been designed in terms of experimental synthesis and molecular dynamics, and the interaction between these P[5]As and some lanthanoid ions such as La³+, Eu³+ and Lu³+ has been studied by physicochemical characterization by 1H-NMR, ITC and fluorescence in the case of Eu³+ systems. The molecular dynamics study of these systems was developed in hexane as solvent, also taking into account the lanthanoid ions mentioned above, and the respective comparison studies between the different ions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lanthanoids" title="lanthanoids">lanthanoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrocycles" title=" macrocycles"> macrocycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pillar%5Bn%5Darenes" title=" pillar[n]arenes"> pillar[n]arenes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare-earth%20metal%20extraction" title=" rare-earth metal extraction"> rare-earth metal extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supramolecular%20chemistry" title=" supramolecular chemistry"> supramolecular chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supramolecular%20complexes." title=" supramolecular complexes."> supramolecular complexes.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164684/separation-of-lanthanides-ions-from-mineral-waste-with-functionalized-pillar5arenes-synthesis-physicochemical-characterization-and-molecular-dynamics-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">315</span> Curcumin Attenuates Angiogenesis in Liver Fibrosis and Inhibits Angiogenic Properties of Hepatic Stellate Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Zhang">Feng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Chen"> Li Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desong%20Kong"> Desong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoping%20Zhang"> Xiaoping Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaojing%20Zhu"> Xiaojing Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin%20Lu"> Yin Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shizhong%20Zheng"> Shizhong Zheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sinusoidal pathological angiogenesis is a novel therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. We demonstrated that curcumin ameliorated fibrotic injury and sinusoidal angiogenesis in rat liver with fibrosis caused by carbon tetrachloride. Curcumin reduced the expression of angiogenic markers in fibrotic liver. Experiments in vitro showed that the viability and vascularization of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) were not impaired by curcumin. Further investigations showed that curcumin inhibited VEGF expression in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by disrupting PDGF-βR/ERK and mTOR pathways. HSC motility and vascularization were also suppressed by curcumin via blocking PDGF-βR/FAK/RhoA cascade. Gain- or loss-of-function analyses revealed that activation of PPARγ was required for curcumin to inhibit angiogenic properties of HSCs. We concluded that curcumin attenuated sinusoidal angiogenesis in liver fibrosis possibly by targeting HSCs via a PPARγ activation-dependent mechanism. PPARγ could be a target molecule for reducing pathological angiogenesis during liver fibrosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title="angiogenesis">angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatic%20stellate%20cell" title=" hepatic stellate cell"> hepatic stellate cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcumin" title=" curcumin"> curcumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxisome%20proliferator-activated%20receptor-%CE%B3" title=" peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ"> peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2873/curcumin-attenuates-angiogenesis-in-liver-fibrosis-and-inhibits-angiogenic-properties-of-hepatic-stellate-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">314</span> Probing Environmental Sustainability via Brownfield Remediation: A Framework to Manage Brownfields in Ethiopia Lesson to Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikiale%20Gebreslase%20Gebremariam">Mikiale Gebreslase Gebremariam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chai%20Huaqi"> Chai Huaqi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfay%20Gebretsdkan%20Gebremichael"> Tesfay Gebretsdkan Gebremichael</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawit%20Nega%20Bekele"> Dawit Nega Bekele</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, brownfield redevelopment projects (BRPs) have contributed to the overarching paradigm of the United Nations 2030 agendas. In the present circumstance, most developed nations adopted BRPs, an efficacious urban policy tool. However, in developing and some advanced countries, BRPs are lacking due to limitations of awareness, policy tools, and financial capability for cleaning up brownfield sites. For example, the growth and development of Ethiopian cities were achieved at the cost of poor urban planning, including no community consultations and excessive urbanization for future growth. The demand for land resources is more and more urgent as the result of an intermigration to major cities and towns for socio-economic reasons and population growth. In the past, the development mode of spreading major cities has made horizontal urbanizations stretching outwards. Expansion in search of more land resources, while the outer cities are growing, the inner cities are polluted by environmental pollution. It is noteworthy that the rapid development of cities has not brought about an increase in people's happiness index. Thus, the proposed management framework for managing brownfields in Ethiopia as a lesson to the developing nation facing similar challenges and growth will add immense value in solving the problems and give insights into brownfield land utilization. Under the umbrella of the grey incidence decision-making model and with the consideration of multiple stakeholders and tight environmental and economic constraints, the proposed management framework integrates different criteria from economic, social, environmental, technical, and risk aspects into the grey incidence decision-making model and gives useful guidance to manage brownfields in Ethiopia. Furthermore, it will contribute to the future development of the social economy and the missions of the 2030 UN sustainable development goals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brownfields" title="Brownfields">Brownfields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sustainability" title=" environmental sustainability"> environmental sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grey-incidence%20decision-making" title=" grey-incidence decision-making"> grey-incidence decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151960/probing-environmental-sustainability-via-brownfield-remediation-a-framework-to-manage-brownfields-in-ethiopia-lesson-to-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">313</span> Albumin-Induced Turn-on Fluorescence in Molecular Engineered Fluorescent Probe for Biomedical Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raja%20Chinnappan">Raja Chinnappan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huda%20Alanazi"> Huda Alanazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanmugam%20Easwaramoorthi"> Shanmugam Easwaramoorthi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanveer%20Mir"> Tanveer Mir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balamurugan%20Kanagasabai"> Balamurugan Kanagasabai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Yaqinuddin"> Ahmed Yaqinuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandhanasamy%20Devanesan"> Sandhanasamy Devanesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20S.%20AlSalhi"> Mohamad S. AlSalhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Serum albumin (SA) is a highly rich water-soluble protein in plasma. It is known to maintain the living organisms' health and help to maintain the proper liver function, kidney function, and plasma osmolality in the body. Low levels of serum albumin are an indication of liver failure and chronic hepatitis. Therefore, it is important to have a low-cost, accurate and rapid method. In this study, we designed a fluorescent probe, triphenylamine rhodanine-3-acetic acid (mRA), which triggers the fluorescence signal upon binding with serum albumin (SA). mRA is a bifunctional molecule with twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT)-induced emission characteristics. An aqueous solution of mRA has an insignificant fluorescence signal; however, when mRA binds to SA, it undergoes TICT and turns on the fluorescence emission. A SA dose-dependent fluorescence signal was performed, and the limit of detection was found to be less than ng/mL. The specific binding of SA was tested from the cross-reactivity study using similar structural or functional proteins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20albumin" title="serum albumin">serum albumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescent%20sensing%20probe" title=" fluorescent sensing probe"> fluorescent sensing probe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20diseases" title=" liver diseases"> liver diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twisted%20intramolecular%20charge%20transfer" title=" twisted intramolecular charge transfer"> twisted intramolecular charge transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193364/albumin-induced-turn-on-fluorescence-in-molecular-engineered-fluorescent-probe-for-biomedical-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">312</span> Electrochemical and Theoretical Quantum Approaches on the Inhibition of C1018 Carbon Steel Corrosion in Acidic Medium Containing Chloride Using Newly Synthesized Phenolic Schiff Bases Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hany%20M.%20Abd%20El-Lateef">Hany M. Abd El-Lateef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two novel Schiff bases, 5-bromo-2-[(E)-(pyridin-3-ylimino) methyl] phenol (HBSAP) and 5-bromo-2-[(E)-(quinolin-8-ylimino) methyl] phenol (HBSAQ) have been synthesized. They have been characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis, IR and NMR). Moreover, the molecular structure of HBSAP and HBSAQ compounds are determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The inhibition activity of HBSAP and HBSAQ for carbon steel in 3.5 %NaCl+0.1 M HCl for both short and long immersion time, at different temperatures (20-50 ºC), was investigated using electrochemistry and surface characterization. The potentiodynamic polarization shows that the inhibitors molecule is more adsorbed on the cathodic sites. Its efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentrations (92.8 % at the optimal concentration of 10-3 M for HBSAQ). Adsorption of the inhibitors on the carbon steel surface was found to obey Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm with physical/chemical nature of the adsorption, as it is shown also by scanning electron microscopy. Further, the electronic structural calculations using quantum chemical methods were found to be in a good agreement with the results of the experimental studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20steel" title="carbon steel">carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schiff%20bases" title=" Schiff bases"> Schiff bases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20inhibition" title=" corrosion inhibition"> corrosion inhibition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20techniques" title=" electrochemical techniques"> electrochemical techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24093/electrochemical-and-theoretical-quantum-approaches-on-the-inhibition-of-c1018-carbon-steel-corrosion-in-acidic-medium-containing-chloride-using-newly-synthesized-phenolic-schiff-bases-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">311</span> Mixture of Polymers and Coating Fullerene Soft Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Bouzina">L. Bouzina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bensafi"> A. Bensafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Duval"> M. Duval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Mathis"> C. Mathis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rawiso"> M. Rawiso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the stability and structural properties of mixtures of model nanoparticles and non-adsorbing polymers in the 'protein limit', where the size of polymers exceeds the particle size substantially. We have synthesized in institute (Charles Sadron Strasbourg) model nanoparticles by coating fullerene C60 molecules with low molecular weight polystyrene (PS) chains (6 PS chains with a degree of polymerization close to 25 and 50 are grafted on each fullerene C60 molecule. We will present a Small Angle Neutron scattering (SANS) study of Tetrahydrofuran (THF) solutions involving long polystyrene (PS) chains and fullerene (C60) nanoparticles. Long PS chains and C60 nanoparticles with different arm lengths were synthesized either hydrogenated or deuteriated. They were characterized through Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and Quasielastic Light Scattering (QLS). In this way, the solubility of the C60 nanoparticles in the usual good solvents of PS was controlled. SANS experiments were performed by use of the contrast variation method in order to measure the partial scattering functions related to both components. They allow us to obtain information about the dispersion state of the C60 nanoparticles as well as the average conformation of the long PS chains. Specifically, they show that the addition of long polymer chains leads to the existence of an additional attractive interaction in between soft nanoparticles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fulleren%20nanoparticles" title="fulleren nanoparticles">fulleren nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title=" polymer"> polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20angle%20neutron%20scattering" title=" small angle neutron scattering"> small angle neutron scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solubility" title=" solubility "> solubility </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28932/mixture-of-polymers-and-coating-fullerene-soft-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">310</span> Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Haemophilia: A Patient with High Titre of Inhibitor Using Recombinant Factor VIIa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20J.%20Mortazavi">Mohammad J. Mortazavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvin%20Najafi"> Arvin Najafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pejman%20Mansouri"> Pejman Mansouri </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hemophilia A is simply described as deficiency of factor VIII(FVIII) and patients with this disorder have bleeding complications in different organs. By using the recombinant factor VIII in these patients, elective orthopedic surgeries have been done approximately in 40 last years. About 10-30 % of these patients have bleeding complications in their surgeries even by using recombinant factor VIII because of their inhibitor against FVIII molecule. Preoperative haemostatic management in these patients is challenging. We treated a 28-year-old male patient with hemophilia A with FVIII inhibitor which had been detected when he was14 years old (with the titer 54 Bethesda unit(BU)) scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We use 90 µg/kg rFVIIa just before the surgery and every 2 hours during surgery. The patient did not have any significant hemorrhage during the surgery and after that. For the 2 days after surgery, the rFVIIa repeated every 2 hours as the same as preoperative dosage(90 µg/kg) and for another 2 days of postoperative admission it continued every 4 hours. After 4th day, the rFVIIa continued every 6 hours with the same dosage until the sixth day from the surgery, and finally the patient were discharged about two weeks after surgery. Seven days after the discharge, he came back for the follow up visit. On the follow up examination, the site of the surgery had neither infection hemarthroses signs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemophilia" title="hemophilia">hemophilia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20VIII%20inhibitor" title=" factor VIII inhibitor"> factor VIII inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20knee%20replacement" title=" total knee replacement"> total knee replacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rFVIIa" title=" rFVIIa"> rFVIIa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37428/total-knee-arthroplasty-in-a-haemophilia-a-patient-with-high-titre-of-inhibitor-using-recombinant-factor-viia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">309</span> Contemplating Charge Transport by Modeling of DNA Nucleobases Based Nano Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajan%20Vohra">Rajan Vohra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravinder%20Singh%20Sawhney"> Ravinder Singh Sawhney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunwar%20Partap%20Singh"> Kunwar Partap Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical charge transport through two basic strands thymine and adenine of DNA have been investigated and analyzed using the jellium model approach. The FFT-2D computations have been performed for semi-empirical Extended Huckel Theory using atomistic tool kit to contemplate the charge transport metrics like current and conductance. The envisaged data is further evaluated in terms of transmission spectrum, HOMO-LUMO Gap and number of electrons. We have scrutinized the behavior of the devices in the range of -2V to 2V for a step size of 0.2V. We observe that both thymine and adenine can act as molecular devices when sandwiched between two gold probes. A prominent observation is a drop in HLGs of adenine and thymine when working as a device as compared to their intrinsic values and this is comparative more visible in case of adenine. The current in the thymine based device exhibit linear increase with voltage in spite of having low conductance. Further, the broader transmission peaks represent the strong coupling of electrodes to the scattering molecule (thymine). Moreover, the observed current in case of thymine is almost 3-4 times than that of observed for adenine. The NDR effect has been perceived in case of adenine based device for higher bias voltages and can be utilized in various future electronics applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adenine" title="adenine">adenine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA" title=" DNA"> DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended%20Huckel" title=" extended Huckel"> extended Huckel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thymine" title=" thymine"> thymine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20spectra" title=" transmission spectra"> transmission spectra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104221/contemplating-charge-transport-by-modeling-of-dna-nucleobases-based-nano-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">308</span> Understanding Nanocarrier Efficacy in Drug Delivery Systems Using Molecular Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maedeh%20Rahimnejad">Maedeh Rahimnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahman%20Vahidi"> Bahman Vahidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahman%20Ebrahimi%20Hoseinzadeh"> Bahman Ebrahimi Hoseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Yazdian"> Fatemeh Yazdian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puria%20Motamed%20Fath"> Puria Motamed Fath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roghieh%20Jamjah"> Roghieh Jamjah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The intensive labor and high cost of developing new vehicles for controlled drug delivery highlights the need for a change in their discovery process. Computational models can be used to accelerate experimental steps and control the high cost of experiments. Methods: In this work, to better understand the interaction of anti-cancer drug and the nanocarrier with the cell membrane, we have done molecular dynamics simulation using NAMD. We have chosen paclitaxel for the drug molecule and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as a natural phospholipid nanocarrier. Results: Next, center of mass (COM) between molecules and the van der Waals interaction energy close to the cell membrane has been analyzed. Furthermore, the simulation results of the paclitaxel interaction with the cell membrane and the interaction of DPPC as a nanocarrier loaded by the drug with the cell membrane have been compared. Discussion: Analysis by molecular dynamics (MD) showed that not only the energy between the nanocarrier and the cell membrane is low, but also the center of mass amount decreases in the nanocarrier and the cell membrane system during the interaction; therefore they show significantly better interaction in comparison to the individual drug with the cell membrane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-cancer%20drug" title="anti-cancer drug">anti-cancer drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20of%20mass" title=" center of mass"> center of mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20energy" title=" interaction energy"> interaction energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocarrier" title=" nanocarrier"> nanocarrier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73338/understanding-nanocarrier-efficacy-in-drug-delivery-systems-using-molecular-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">307</span> Bcl-2: A Molecule to Detect Oral Cancer and Precancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vandana%20Singh">Vandana Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subash%20Singh"> Subash Singh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Normally the death of cell and the growth are active processes and depend not only on external factors but also on the expression of genes like Bcl-2, which activate and inhibit apoptosis. The term Bcl-2 is an acronym for B-cell lymphoma/ leukemia -2 genes. Objectives: An attempt was made to evaluate Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in patients with oral precancer and cancer and to assess possible correlation between Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression and clinicopathological features of oral precancer and cancer. Material and Methods: This is a selective prospective clinical and immunohistochemical study. Clinicopathological examination is correlated with immunohistochemical findings. The immunolocalization of Bcl-2 protein is performed using the labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. To visualize the reaction, 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) is used. Results: Bcl-2 expression was positive in 11 [36.66 %, low Bcl-2 expression 3 (10.00 %), moderate Bcl-2 expression 7 (23.33 %), and high Bcl-2 expression 1 (3.33 %)] oral cancer cases and in 14 [87.50 %, low expression 8 (50 %), moderate expression 6 (37.50 %)] precancer cases. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of our study we conclude that positive Bcl-2 expression may be an indicator of poor prognosis in oral cancer and precancer. Relevance: It has been reported that there is deregulation of Bcl-2 expression during progression from oral epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma. It can be used for revealing progression of epithelial dysplasia to malignancy and as a prognostic marker in oral precancer and cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BcL-2" title="BcL-2">BcL-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunohistochemistry" title=" immunohistochemistry"> immunohistochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20cancer" title=" oral cancer"> oral cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20precancer" title=" oral precancer"> oral precancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79418/bcl-2-a-molecule-to-detect-oral-cancer-and-precancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">306</span> Elaboration and Characterization of Self-Compacting Mortar Based Biopolymer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Djefour">I. Djefour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saidi"> M. Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Tlemsani"> I. Tlemsani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Toubal"> S. Toubal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lignin is a molecule derived from wood and also generated as waste from the paper industry. With a view to its valorization and protection of the environment, we are interested in its use as a superplasticizer-type adjuvant in mortars and concretes to improve their mechanical strengths. The additives of the concrete have a very strong influence on the properties of the fresh and / or hardened concrete. This study examines the development and use of industrial waste and lignin extracted from a renewable natural source (wood) in cementitious materials. The use of these resources is known at present as a definite resurgence of interest in the development of building materials. Physicomechanical characteristics of mortars are determined by optimization quantity of the natural superplasticizer. The results show that the mechanical strengths of mortars based on natural adjuvant have improved by 20% (64 MPa) for a W/C ratio = 0.4, and the amount of natural adjuvant of dry extract needed is 40 times smaller than commercial adjuvant. This study has a scientific impact (improving the performance of the mortar with an increase in compactness and reduction of the quantity of water), ecological use of the lignin waste generated by the paper industry) and economic reduction of the cost price necessary to elaboration of self-compacting mortars and concretes). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolymer%20%28lignin%29" title="biopolymer (lignin)">biopolymer (lignin)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20waste" title=" industrial waste"> industrial waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20resistances" title=" mechanical resistances"> mechanical resistances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20mortars%20%28SCM%29" title=" self compacting mortars (SCM)"> self compacting mortars (SCM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57990/elaboration-and-characterization-of-self-compacting-mortar-based-biopolymer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">305</span> Surface Active Phthalic Acid Ester Produced by a Rhizobacterial Strain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Ibrahim">M. L. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdulhamid"> A. Abdulhamid </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A surface active molecule synthesized by a rhizobacterial strain Bacillus lentus isolated from Cajanus cajan was investigated. The bioemulsifier was extracted, purified and partially characterized using standard methods. Surface properties of the bioemulsifier were determined by studying the emulsification index, solubility test and stability studies. Partial purification of the bioemulsifier was carried out using FT-IR analysis, Silica-gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. GC-MS analysis was carried out to detect the composition and mass of the lipids and esters. The isolate showed an emulsifying activity of 57% and surface activity of 36mm. The stability studies revealed that the bioemulsifier had better stability at temperature of 70oC, 8% pH and 8% NaCl concentration. FT-IR indicated the bioemulsifier to contain peptide and aliphatic chain, TLC revealed the compound to be ninhydrin positive and Column chromatography showed the presence of three amino acids namely; glutamine, valine and cysteine. GC-MS indicated the lipid moiety to contain aliphatic chain ranging from C9-C16 and two major peaks of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid diethyl octyl ester. Therefore, surface active agent from Bacillus lentus can be used effectively in a wide range of applications such as in MEOR and in the biosynthesis of plasticizers for industrial uses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20lentus" title="Bacillus lentus">Bacillus lentus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioemulsifiers" title=" bioemulsifiers"> bioemulsifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phthalic%20acid%20ester" title=" phthalic acid ester"> phthalic acid ester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhizosphere" title=" Rhizosphere "> Rhizosphere </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21086/surface-active-phthalic-acid-ester-produced-by-a-rhizobacterial-strain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">304</span> TiO2/Clay Minerals (Palygorskite/Halloysite) Nanocomposite Coatings for Water Disinfection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dionisios%20Panagiotaras">Dionisios Panagiotaras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Papoulis"> Dimitrios Papoulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Stathatos"> Elias Stathatos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microfibrous palygorskite and tubular halloysite clay mineral combined with nanocrystalline TiO2 are incorporating in the preparation of nanocomposite films on glass substrates via sol-gel route at 450 °C. The synthesis is employing nonionic surfactant molecule as pore directing agent along with acetic acid-based sol-gel route without addition of water molecules. Drying and thermal treatment of composite films ensure elimination of organic material lead to the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles homogeneously distributed on the palygorskite or halloysite surfaces. Nanocomposite films without cracks of active anatase crystal phase on palygorskite and halloysite surfaces are characterized by microscopy techniques, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and porosimetry methods in order to examine their structural properties. The composite palygorskite-TiO2 and halloysite-TiO2 films with variable quantities of palygorskite and halloysite were tested as photocatalysts in the photo-oxidation of Basic Blue 41 azo dye in water. These nanocomposite films proved to be most promising photocatalysts and highly effective to dye’s decoloration in spite of small amount of palygorskite -TiO2 or halloysite- TiO2 catalyst immobilized onto glass substrates mainly due to the high surface area and uniform distribution of TiO2 on clay minerals avoiding aggregation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halloysite" title="halloysite">halloysite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palygorskite" title=" palygorskite"> palygorskite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalysis" title=" photocatalysis"> photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20dioxide" title=" titanium dioxide"> titanium dioxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6861/tio2clay-minerals-palygorskitehalloysite-nanocomposite-coatings-for-water-disinfection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6861.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">303</span> Development of Calcium Carbonate Molecular Sheets via Wet Chemical Route</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhir%20Kumar%20Sharma">Sudhir Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Jagannathan"> Ramesh Jagannathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interaction of organic and inorganic matrices of biological origin resulting in self-assembled structures with unique properties is well established. The development of such self-assembled nanostructures by synthetic and bio-inspired techniques is an established field of active research. Among bio-materials, nacre, a laminar stack of calcium carbonate nanosheets, which are interleaved with organic material, has long been focused research due to its unique mechanical properties. In this paper, we present the development of nacre-like lamellar structures made up of calcium carbonate via a wet chemical route. We used the binding affinity of carboxylate anions and calcium cations using poly (acrylic) acid (PAA) to lead CaCO₃ crystallization. In these experiments, we selected calcium acetate as the precursor molecule along with PAA (Mw ~ 8000 Da). We found that Ca⁺²/COO⁻ ratio provided a tunable control for the morphology and growth of CaCO₃ nanostructures. Drop casting one such formulation on a silicon substrate followed by calcination resulted in co-planner, molecular sheets of CaCO₃, separated by a spacer layer of carbon. The scope of our process could be expanded to produce unit cell thick molecular sheets of other important inorganic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembled%20structures" title="self-assembled structures">self-assembled structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-inspired%20materials" title=" bio-inspired materials"> bio-inspired materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20carbonate" title=" calcium carbonate"> calcium carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20chemical%20route" title=" wet chemical route"> wet chemical route</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071/development-of-calcium-carbonate-molecular-sheets-via-wet-chemical-route" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">302</span> Self-Carried Theranostic Nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo Cancer Therapy with Real-Time Monitoring of Drug Release</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinfeng%20Zhang">Jinfeng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Sing%20Lee"> Chun-Sing Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of different nanocarriers for delivering hydrophobic pharmaceutical agents to tumor sites has garnered major attention. Despite the merits of these nanocarriers, further studies are needed for improving their drug loading capacities (typically less than 10%) and reducing their potential systemic toxicity. So development of alternative self-carried nanodrug delivery strategies without using any inert carriers is highly desirable. In this study, we developed a self-carried theranostic curcumin (Cur) nanodrug for highly effective cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo with real-time monitoring of drug release. With a biocompatible C18PMH-PEG functionalization, the Cur nanoparticles (NPs) showed excellent dispersibility and outstanding stability in physiological environment, with drug loading capacity higher than 78 wt.%. Both confocal microscopy and flow cytometry confirmed the cellular fluorescent “OFF-ON” activation and real-time monitoring of Cur molecule release, showing its potential for cancer diagnosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments clearly show that therapeutic efficacy of the PEGylated Cur NPs is much better than that of free Cur. This self-carried theranostic strategy with real-time monitoring of drug release may open a new way for simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20delivery" title="drug delivery">drug delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20and%20in%20vivo%20cancer%20therapy" title=" in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy"> in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20monitoring" title=" real-time monitoring"> real-time monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-carried" title=" self-carried"> self-carried</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26667/self-carried-theranostic-nanoparticles-for-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-cancer-therapy-with-real-time-monitoring-of-drug-release" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">301</span> CompPSA: A Component-Based Pairwise RNA Secondary Structure Alignment Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Badr">Ghada Badr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arwa%20Alturki"> Arwa Alturki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The biological function of an RNA molecule depends on its structure. The objective of the alignment is finding the homology between two or more RNA secondary structures. Knowing the common functionalities between two RNA structures allows a better understanding and a discovery of other relationships between them. Besides, identifying non-coding RNAs -that is not translated into a protein- is a popular application in which RNA structural alignment is the first step A few methods for RNA structure-to-structure alignment have been developed. Most of these methods are partial structure-to-structure, sequence-to-structure, or structure-to-sequence alignment. Less attention is given in the literature to the use of efficient RNA structure representation and the structure-to-structure alignment methods are lacking. In this paper, we introduce an O(N2) Component-based Pairwise RNA Structure Alignment (CompPSA) algorithm, where structures are given as a component-based representation and where N is the maximum number of components in the two structures. The proposed algorithm compares the two RNA secondary structures based on their weighted component features rather than on their base-pair details. Extensive experiments are conducted illustrating the efficiency of the CompPSA algorithm when compared to other approaches and on different real and simulated datasets. The CompPSA algorithm shows an accurate similarity measure between components. The algorithm gives the flexibility for the user to align the two RNA structures based on their weighted features (position, full length, and/or stem length). Moreover, the algorithm proves scalability and efficiency in time and memory performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alignment" title="alignment">alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA%20secondary%20structure" title=" RNA secondary structure"> RNA secondary structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pairwise" title=" pairwise"> pairwise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component-based" title=" component-based"> component-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70264/comppsa-a-component-based-pairwise-rna-secondary-structure-alignment-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">300</span> Antimicrobial Activity of Ilex paraguariensis Sub-Fractions after Liquid-Liquid Partitioning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20El-Sawalhi">Sabah El-Sawalhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elie%20Fayad"> Elie Fayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roula%20M.%20Abdel-Massih"> Roula M. Abdel-Massih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) is a medium to large tree commonly consumed by South Americans. Its leaves and stems are associated with different biological activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Yerba Mate against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and its action against some resistant bacteria with different resistance profiles. Yerba Mate aqueous extracts were prepared at 70°C for 2 hrs, and the microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Gram-positive bacteria exhibited a stronger antibacterial activity (MIC ranged between 0.468 mg/mL and 15 mg/mL) than Gram-negative bacteria. Yerba Mate was also extracted with acetone: water (1:1) and then further sub-fractionated with hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. MIC values against Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.78 to 2.5 mg/ml for the chloroform fraction, from 1.56 to 3.75 mg/ml for the ethyl acetate fraction, and 0.78 to 1.87 mg/ml for the water fraction. The water fraction also exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella species (MIC ranged from 1.56 mg/ml to 3.12 mg/ml). The water fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity among all the fractions obtained. More studies are needed to determine the molecule or molecules responsible for this activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20resistance" title=" bacterial resistance"> bacterial resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20inhibitory%20concentration" title=" minimum inhibitory concentration"> minimum inhibitory concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yerba%20mate" title=" yerba mate"> yerba mate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108341/antimicrobial-activity-of-ilex-paraguariensis-sub-fractions-after-liquid-liquid-partitioning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">299</span> Significance of Monumental Heritage in India: A Case Study of Humayun Tomb</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhawna%20Shivan">Bhawna Shivan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indian monuments have been spoken of as for variety, extent, completeness and beauty unsurpassed perhaps unequaled in world. India’s monumental heritage is a part and parcel of India today. The underlying issue with the monumental heritage in contemporary times is that these monuments suffered many times with various degrees of threats/ pressures which hampered their beauty. In the current situation, the urbanization policies for sustainable development and tourism management pay no attention to the basic point of conservation and protection of these cultural heritages rather they focus more on profit earned from these sites. Many times rich heritage is found balancing between conflicting pressures of conservation of heritage elements with sustainability and local economic development. There is a need of a new attitude to India’s independent and democratic ideology. The paper will enquire about the historical perspective by analyzing and understanding the importance of Mughal Architecture while focusing on Humayun Tomb while assessing the value and sentiment people attach to these monuments. It will also put the focus on the future of these monuments in the era of globalization and urbanization. The role of public and private authorities for conservation and sustainable development of these monuments. As well as assessing other facilities like toilets, parking, eatery joint, Museum with Display of structural representation and display of books, and a mobile shop. The research will be helpful in assessing the importance of heritage buildings whether they are a tool of enhancing ‘Tourism Industry’ for Central and State Government or really there is still some future of these monuments. Can we still consider these heritage sites as the integral part of our society in this urbanized world? The study will also analyze the attitude of the central and state government towards a building when it declared as a ‘World Heritage Site’. The study will also examine how the Youth and other aged generations append their sentimental values towards them, say (what is their purpose of coming to a heritage site, what makes them coming here, how they view this particular monument) Apart from this, probing the factors such as rapid growth of cities and its population, increasing value of urban land and effect of globalization on urban growth pattern that are capable of producing a variety of threats and pressures on any monument for instance Humayun Tomb. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monuments" title=" monuments"> monuments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heritage" title=" urban heritage"> urban heritage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59274/significance-of-monumental-heritage-in-india-a-case-study-of-humayun-tomb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">298</span> Cyclic NGR Peptide Anchored Block Co-Polymeric Nanoparticles as Dual Targeting Drug Delivery System for Solid Tumor Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhu%20Gupta">Madhu Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20P.%20Agrawa"> G. P. Agrawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20P.%20Vyas"> Suresh P. Vyas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Certain tumor cells overexpress a membrane-spanning molecule aminopeptidase N (CD13) isoform, which is the receptor for peptides containing the NGR motif. NGR-modified Docetaxel (DTX)-loaded PEG-b-PLGA polymeric nanoparticles (cNGR-DNB-NPs) were developed and evaluated for their in vitro potential in HT-1080 cell line. The cNGR-DNB-NPs containing particles were about 148 nm in diameter with spherical shape and high encapsulation efficiency. Cellular uptake was confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry. Both quantitatively and qualitatively results confirmed the NGR conjugated nanoparticles revealed the higher uptake of nanoparticles by CD13-overexpressed tumor cells. Free NGR inhibited the cellular uptake of cNGR-DNB-NPs, revealing the mechanism of receptor mediated endocytosis. In vitro cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that cNGR-DNB-NPs, formulation was more cytotoxic than unconjugated one, which were consistent well with the observation of cellular uptake. Hence, the selective delivery of cNGR-DNB-NPs formulation in CD13-overexpressing tumors represents a potential approach for the design of nanocarrier-based dual targeted delivery systems for targeting the tumor cells and vasculature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20Tumor" title="solid Tumor">solid Tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=docetaxel" title=" docetaxel"> docetaxel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeting" title=" targeting"> targeting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NGR%20ligand" title=" NGR ligand"> NGR ligand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30516/cyclic-ngr-peptide-anchored-block-co-polymeric-nanoparticles-as-dual-targeting-drug-delivery-system-for-solid-tumor-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">297</span> Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Produced by Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Inactivation of Escherichia Coli in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohreh%20Rashmei">Zohreh Rashmei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Plasma inactivation is one of the emerging technologies in biomedical field and has been applied to the inactivation of microorganisms in water. The inactivation effect has been attributed to the presence of active plasma species, i.e. OH, O, O3, H2O2, UV and electric fields, generated by the discharge of plasma. Material and Method: To evaluate germicidal effects of plasma, the electric spark discharge device was used. After the effect of the plasma samples were collected for culture medium agar plate count. In addition to biological experiments, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was also measured. Results: The results showed that Plasma is able to inactivate a high concentration of E. coli. After a short period of plasma radiation on the surface of water, the amount log8 reduced the microbial load. Starting plasma radiation on the surface of the water, the measurements show of production and increasing the amount of hydrogen peroxide in water. So that at the end of the experiment, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide to about 100 mg / l increased. Conclusion: Increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is directly related to the reduction of microbial load. The results of E. coli culture in media containing certain concentrations of H2O2 showed that E. coli can not to grow in a medium containing more than 2/5 mg/l of H2O2. Surely we can say that the main cause of killing bacteria is a molecule of H2O2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title="plasma">plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20peroxide" title=" hydrogen peroxide"> hydrogen peroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disinfection" title=" disinfection"> disinfection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20coli" title=" E. coli"> E. coli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123051/effect-of-hydrogen-peroxide-concentration-produced-by-cold-atmospheric-plasma-on-inactivation-of-escherichia-coli-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">296</span> SOCS3 Reverses Multidrug Resistance by Inhibiting MDR1 in Mammary Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pradhan">S. Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Pradhan"> D. Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Tripathy"> G. Tripathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Dasmohapatra"> T. Dasmohapatra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS3), a newly indentified anti-apoptotic molecule is a downstream effecter of the receptor tyrosine kinase-Ras signalling pathway. Current study has uncovered that SOCS3 may have wide and imperative capacities, particularly because of its close correlation with malignant tumors. To investigate the impact of SOCS3 on MDR, we analyzed the expression of P-gp and SOCS3 by immune-histochemistry and found there was positive correlation between them. At that point we effectively interfered with RNA translation by the contamination of siRNA of SOCS3 into MCF7/ADM breast cancer cell lines through a lentivirus, and the expression of the target gene was significantly inhibited. After RNAi the drug resistance was reduced altogether and the expression of MDR1 mRNA and P-gp in MCF7/ADM cell lines demonstrated a significant decrease. Likewise the expression of P53 protein increased in a statistically significant manner (p ≤ 0.01) after RNAi exposure. Moreover, flowcytometry analysis uncovers that cell cycle and anti-apoptotic enhancing capacity of cells changed after RNAi treatment. These outcomes proposed SOCS3 may take part in breast cancer MDR by managing MDR1 and P53 expression, changing cell cycle and enhancing the anti-apoptotic ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOCS3gene" title="SOCS3gene">SOCS3gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title=" breast cancer"> breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidrug%20resistance" title=" multidrug resistance"> multidrug resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDR1%20gene" title=" MDR1 gene"> MDR1 gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA%20interference" title=" RNA interference"> RNA interference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43474/socs3-reverses-multidrug-resistance-by-inhibiting-mdr1-in-mammary-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">295</span> Going beyond Elementary Algebraic Identities: The Expectation of a Gifted Child, an Indian Scenario</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20R.%20Santhanam">S. R. Santhanam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A gifted child is one who gives evidence of creativity, good memory, rapid learning. In mathematics, a teacher often comes across some gifted children and they exhibit the following characteristics: unusual alertness, enjoying solving problems, getting bored on repetitions, self-taught, going beyond what teacher taught, ask probing questions, connecting unconnected concepts, vivid imagination, readiness for research work, perseverance of a topic. There are two main areas of research carried out on them: 1)identifying gifted children, 2) interacting and channelizing them. A lack of appropriate recognition will lead the gifted child demotivated. One of the main findings is if proper attention and nourishment are not given then it leads a gifted child to become depressed, underachieving, fail to reach their full potential and sometimes develop negative attitude towards school and study. After identifying them, a mathematics teacher has to develop them into a fall fledged achiever. The responsibility of the teacher is enormous. The teacher has to be resourceful and patient. But interacting with them one finds a lot of surprises and awesomeness. The elementary algebraic identities like (a+b)(a-b)=a²-b², expansion of like (a+b)²(a-b)² and others are taught to students, of age group 13-15 in India. An average child will be satisfied with a single proof and immediate application of these identities. But a gifted child expects more from the teacher and at one stage after a little training will surpass the teacher also. In this short paper, the author shares his experience regarding teaching algebraic identities to gifted children. The following problem was given to a set of 10 gifted children of the specified age group: If a natural number ‘n’ to expressed as the sum of the two squares, will 2n also be expressed as the sum of two squares? An investigation has been done on what multiples of n satisfying the criterion. The attempts of the gifted children were consolidated and conclusion was drawn. A second problem was given to them as: can two natural numbers be found such that the difference of their square is 3? After a successful solution, more situations were analysed. As a third question, the finding of the sign of an algebraic expression in three variables was analysed. As an example: if a,b,c are real and unequal what will be sign of a²+4b²+9c²-4ab-12bc-6ca? Apart from an expression as a perfect square what other methods can be employed to prove an algebraic expression as positive negative or non negative has been analysed. Expressions like 4x²+2y²+13y²-2xy-4yz-6zx were given, and the children were asked to find the sign of the expression for all real values of x,y and z. In all investigations, only basic algebraic identities were used. As a next probe, a divisibility problem was initiated. When a,b,c are natural numbers such that a+b+c is at least 6, and if a+b+c is divisible by 6 then will 6 divide a³+b³+c³. The gifted children solved it in two different ways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algebraic%20identities" title="algebraic identities">algebraic identities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gifted%20children" title=" gifted children"> gifted children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20scenario" title=" Indian scenario"> Indian scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81093/going-beyond-elementary-algebraic-identities-the-expectation-of-a-gifted-child-an-indian-scenario" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">294</span> Effect of Nutrient Limitations in Phycocyanin Formation by Spirulina platensis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hugo%20F.%20Lobaton">Hugo F. Lobaton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis is a prokaryotic photoautotrophic microorganism that is successfully cultivated for the commercialization as whole biomass due to its high protein content and promising valuable substance. For instance, phycocyanin has recently drawn the interest of the food and cosmetic industries due to its bright blue colour and its strong antioxidant capacities. The phycocyanin (PC) is the main protein-pigment in S. platensis (4% to 20%). In batches, the rate of overproduction of metabolites by cyanobacteria is limited or activated by the depletion of required substrates. The aim of this study was to develop a kinetic law that describes phycocyanin formation during batch cultivation. S. platensis was cultivated in 1 L bubble column photobioreactor with 30°C and 700 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹. Culture samples were daily collected from the bubble columns in sterile conditions. The biomass (g l⁻¹) was measured directly after a biomass lyophilisation process, and phycocyanin extractions and measurements were done according to a well-established protocol. A kinetic law for phycocyanin formation that includes nitrate and bicarbonate limitations was proposed and linked to the biomass core model. The set of differential equations were solved in MATLAB. Concerning to product formation, the experimental results show that phycocyanin mass fraction is degraded as results of the complete nitrate depletion and nitrate additions during the cultivation help to keep constant this molecule until new macro-element limitation appear. According to the model, bicarbonate is this limitation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phycocyanin" title="phycocyanin">phycocyanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bicarbonate" title=" bicarbonate"> bicarbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirulina" title=" spirulina"> spirulina</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105879/effect-of-nutrient-limitations-in-phycocyanin-formation-by-spirulina-platensis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">293</span> Experimental and Theoretical Approach, Hirshfeld Surface, Reduced Density Gradient, Molecular Docking of a Thiourea Derivative</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Benharkat">Noureddine Benharkat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Chouaih"> Abdelkader Chouaih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nourdine%20Boukabcha"> Nourdine Boukabcha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A thiourea derivative compound was synthesized and subjected to structural analysis using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The crystallographic data unveiled its crystallization in the P21/c space group within the monoclinic system. Examination of the dihedral angles indicated a notable non-planar structure. To support and interpret these resulats, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted utilizing the B3LYP functional along with a 6–311 G (d, p) basis set. Additionally, to assess the contribution of intermolecular interactions, Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint plots were employed. Various types of interactions, whether weak intramolecular or intermolecular, within a molecule can significantly impact its stability. The distinctive signature of non-covalent interactions can be detected solely through electron density analysis. The NCI-RDG analysis was employed to investigate both repulsive and attractive van der Waals interactions while also calculating the energies associated with intermolecular interactions and their characteristics. Additionally, a molecular docking study was studied to explain the structure-activity relationship, revealing that the title compound exhibited an affinity energy of -6.8 kcal/mol when docked with B-DNA (1BNA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20chemistry" title="computational chemistry">computational chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title=" density functional theory"> density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallography" title=" crystallography"> crystallography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20docking" title=" molecular docking"> molecular docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20structure" title=" molecular structure"> molecular structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20x-ray%20diffraction" title=" powder x-ray diffraction"> powder x-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20crystal%20x-ray%20diffraction" title=" single crystal x-ray diffraction"> single crystal x-ray diffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184452/experimental-and-theoretical-approach-hirshfeld-surface-reduced-density-gradient-molecular-docking-of-a-thiourea-derivative" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">292</span> Regulation of SHP-2 Activity by Small Molecules for the Treatment of T Cell-Mediated Diseases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiang%20Xu">Qiang Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingxin%20Wu"> Xingxin Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenjie%20Guo"> Wenjie Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingqi%20Wang"> Xingqi Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Sun"> Yang Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renxiang%20Tan"> Renxiang Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phosphatase SHP-2 is known to exert regulatory activities on cytokine receptor signaling and the dysregulation of SHP-2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. Here we report several small molecule regulators of SHP-2 for the treatment of T cell-mediated diseases. The new cyclodepsipeptide trichomides A, isolated from the fermentation products of Trichothecium roseum, increased the phosphorylation of SHP-2 in activated T cells, and ameliorated contact dermatitis in mice. The trichomides A’s effects were significantly reversed by using the SHP-2-specific inhibitor PHPS1 or T cell-conditional SHP-2 knockout mice. Another compound is a cerebroside Fusaruside isolated from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. IFB-121. Fusaruside also triggered the tyrosine phosphorylation of SHP-2, which provided a possible mean of selectively targeting STAT1 for the treatment of Th1 cell-mediated inflammation and led to the discovery of the non-phosphatase-like function of SHP-2. Namely, the Fusaruside-activated pY-SHP-2 selectively sequestrated the cytosolic STAT1 to prevent its recruitment to IFN-R, which contributed to the improvement of experimental colitis in mice. Blocking the pY-SHP-2-STAT1 interaction, with SHP-2 inhibitor NSC-87877 or using T cells from conditional SHP-2 knockout mice, reversed the effects of fusaruside. Furthermore, the fusaruside’s effect is independent of the phosphatase activity of SHP-2, demonstrating a novel role for SHP-2 in regulating STAT1 signaling and Th1-type immune responses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SHP-2" title="SHP-2">SHP-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20molecules" title=" small molecules"> small molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%20cell" title=" T cell"> T cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%20cell-mediated%20diseases" title=" T cell-mediated diseases"> T cell-mediated diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29058/regulation-of-shp-2-activity-by-small-molecules-for-the-treatment-of-t-cell-mediated-diseases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">291</span> Modeling of Processes Running in Radical Clusters Formed by Ionizing Radiation with the Help of Continuous Petri Nets and Oxygen Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Barilla">J. Barilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lokaj%C3%AD%C4%8Dek"> M. Lokajíček</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Pisakov%C3%A1"> H. Pisaková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Simr"> P. Simr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The final biological effect of ionizing particles may be influenced strongly by some chemical substances present in cells mainly in the case of low-LET radiation. The influence of oxygen may be particularly important because oxygen is always present in living cells. The corresponding processes are then running mainly in the chemical stage of radio biological mechanism. The radical clusters formed by densely ionizing ends of primary or secondary charged particles are mainly responsible for final biological effect. The damage effect depends then on radical concentration at a time when the cluster meets a DNA molecule. It may be strongly influenced by oxygen present in a cell as oxygen may act in different directions: at small concentration of it the interaction with hydrogen radicals prevails while at higher concentrations additional efficient oxygen radicals may be formed. The basic radical concentration in individual clusters diminishes, which is influenced by two parallel processes: chemical reactions and diffusion of corresponding clusters. The given simultaneous evolution may be modeled and analyzed well with the help of Continuous Petri nets. The influence of other substances present in cells during irradiation may be studied, too. Some results concerning the impact of oxygen content will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiobiological%20mechanism" title="radiobiological mechanism">radiobiological mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20phase" title=" chemical phase"> chemical phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSB%20formation" title=" DSB formation"> DSB formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petri%20nets" title=" Petri nets"> Petri nets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2417/modeling-of-processes-running-in-radical-clusters-formed-by-ionizing-radiation-with-the-help-of-continuous-petri-nets-and-oxygen-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">290</span> Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Isolated from Northeastern Thai Fermented Vegetable Brassica juncea (L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Warinpramote">T. Warinpramote</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Sanguanjeen"> J. Sanguanjeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Pholphakwaen"> P. Pholphakwaen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kittisorayut"> S. Kittisorayut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kerdtubtim"> J. Kerdtubtim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Palachote"> S. Palachote</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Taweechotipatr"> M. Taweechotipatr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cholesterol is a type of lipid molecule which is the significant risk factor for coronary heart disease. Currently, there are many cholesterol-lowering alternative treatments especially bile salt hydrolase positive lactobacilli. BSH can cleave the peptide linkage of bile salt, which results in removal of the amino acid group from the steroid core and increases production of the new bile acid by using more cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to isolate, and screen probiotic characteristics of lactobacilli from fermented Thai foods and further investigated for their comparative BSH activity. The result showed that 2 of 81 Lactobacillus strains, JPK2-2 and JPK3-2, isolated from Brassica juncea (L.) had significantly exhibited high BSH activity. In addition, these Lactobacillus strains showed their results that the ability to tolerate acid and bile salt. Furthermore, the using of 16S rDNA sequencing for definitive microbial identifications showed that these 2 strains belong to Lactobacillus plantarum. In the future, the L. plantarum with BSH activity strains JPK2-2 and JPK3-2 may be the candidate probiotics for application in functional foods and dairy products to improve in the patient with cardiovascular diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactobacillus%20plantarum" title="Lactobacillus plantarum">Lactobacillus plantarum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bile%20salt%20hydrolase" title=" bile salt hydrolase"> bile salt hydrolase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol-lowering" title=" cholesterol-lowering"> cholesterol-lowering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermented%20Thai%20food" title=" fermented Thai food"> fermented Thai food</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100207/cholesterol-lowering-effects-of-lactobacillus-plantarum-isolated-from-northeastern-thai-fermented-vegetable-brassica-juncea-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probing%20molecule&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probing%20molecule&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probing%20molecule&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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