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Isa - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
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sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Isa rootpage-Isa skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Lompat ke isi</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Menu utama" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Isa" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Isa" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Isa" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ayat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ayat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kisah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kisah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kisah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kisah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Kisah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kisah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latar_belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latar_belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Latar belakang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latar_belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Keagamaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keagamaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Keagamaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keagamaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kelahiran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kelahiran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Kelahiran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kelahiran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hijrah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hijrah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hijrah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hijrah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kehidupan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kehidupan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Kehidupan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kehidupan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yahya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yahya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Yahya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yahya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dakwah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dakwah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Dakwah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dakwah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mukjizat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mukjizat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.1</span> <span>Mukjizat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mukjizat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tantangan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tantangan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6.2</span> <span>Tantangan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tantangan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Murid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penyaliban" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penyaliban"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Penyaliban</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penyaliban-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Teori_orang_pengganti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teori_orang_pengganti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8.1</span> <span>Teori orang pengganti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teori_orang_pengganti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mati_disalib" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mati_disalib"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8.2</span> <span>Mati disalib</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mati_disalib-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teori_koma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teori_koma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8.3</span> <span>Teori koma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teori_koma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diangkat_ke_langit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diangkat_ke_langit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Diangkat ke langit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diangkat_ke_langit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Waktu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waktu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9.1</span> <span>Waktu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waktu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kematian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kematian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9.2</span> <span>Kematian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kematian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pandangan_agama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pandangan_agama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pandangan agama</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pandangan_agama-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pandangan agama</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pandangan_agama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kristen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kristen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Kristen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kristen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trinitas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trinitas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Trinitas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trinitas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-Trinitas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-Trinitas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Non-Trinitas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-Trinitas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yahudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yahudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Yahudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yahudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengikut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengikut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pengikut</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pengikut-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pengikut</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pengikut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paulus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paulus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Paulus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paulus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kedatangan_kedua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kedatangan_kedua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kedatangan kedua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kedatangan_kedua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Rujukan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Daftar_pustaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daftar_pustaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Daftar pustaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daftar_pustaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Isa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 68 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabi_Isa" title="Nabi Isa – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Nabi Isa" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Jesus in Islam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%B1%E1%88%B5_%E1%89%A0%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%93" title="ኢየሱስ በእስልምና – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢየሱስ በእስልምና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85" title="عيسى بن مريم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عيسى بن مريم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%89" title="عيسى – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عيسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE" title="ঈছা – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ঈছা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="ГӀиса авараг – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀиса авараг" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamda_%C4%B0sa" title="İslamda İsa – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslamda İsa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D3%99%D0%B9%D2%93%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%99%D1%80" title="Ғайса пәйғәмбәр – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғайса пәйғәмбәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B2_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Исус в исляма – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Исус в исляма" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE" title="ঈসা – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঈসা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_en_l%27islam" title="Jesús en l'islam – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jesús en l'islam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title="daftar pilihan"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Ӏиса ибн Марьям – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏиса ибн Марьям" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="عیسا – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عیسا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%AAs%C4%81_ibn_Maryam" title="ʿĪsā ibn Maryam – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ʿĪsā ibn Maryam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jesus in Islam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa_bin_Marjam" title="Isa bin Marjam – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Isa bin Marjam" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_en_el_islam" title="Jesús en el islam – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jesús en el islam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_islamean" title="Jesus islamean – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jesus islamean" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عیسی در اسلام – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عیسی در اسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeesus_islaminuskossa" title="Jeesus islaminuskossa – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jeesus islaminuskossa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%AAs%C4%81" title="ʿĪsā – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="ʿĪsā" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xes%C3%BAs_no_islam" title="Xesús no islam – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xesús no islam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annabi_Isah" title="Annabi Isah – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Annabi Isah" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%90" title="עיסא – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עיסא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ईसा इब्न मरियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ईसा इब्न मरियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isus_u_islamu" title="Isus u islamu – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Isus u islamu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vista_islamic_de_Jesus" title="Vista islamic de Jesus – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vista islamic de Jesus" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ges%C3%B9_nell%27islam" title="Gesù nell'islam – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gesù nell'islam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC" title="イスラームにおけるイーサー – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラームにおけるイーサー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98" title="იესო ისლამში – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იესო ისლამში" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EA%B5%90_%EC%86%8D_%EC%98%88%EC%88%98" title="이슬람교 속 예수 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬람교 속 예수" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%93zus_isl%C4%81m%C4%81" title="Jēzus islāmā – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jēzus islāmā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesoa_araka_ny_silamo" title="Jesoa araka ny silamo – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jesoa araka ny silamo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%88%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE" title="ഈസാ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഈസാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabi_Isa" title="Nabi Isa – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nabi Isa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa_(profeet)" title="Isa (profeet) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Isa (profeet)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezus_w_islamie" title="Jezus w islamie – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jezus w islamie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="عیسی ابن مریم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عیسی ابن مریم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issa_(profeta)" title="Issa (profeta) – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Issa (profeta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iisus_%C3%AEn_islam" title="Iisus în islam – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Iisus în islam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Иса ибн Марьям – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иса ибн Марьям" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jesus in Islam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabi_Ciise" title="Nabi Ciise – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Nabi Ciise" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isai" title="Isai – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Isai" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D1%83_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Исус у исламу – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Исус у исламу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="இசுலாமில் இயேசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுலாமில் இயேசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B5_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఇస్లాం క్రైస్తవ మతాల మధ్య సంబంధాలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లాం క్రైస్తవ మతాల మధ్య సంబంధాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="อีซา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อีซา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%C3%A4_ibn_Mer%C3%BDem" title="Isä ibn Merýem – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Isä ibn Merýem" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesus_sa_Islam" title="Hesus sa Islam – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hesus sa Islam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam%27da_%C4%B0sa" title="İslam'da İsa – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslam'da İsa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%27%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Іса ібн Мар'ям – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іса ібн Мар'ям" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="عیسی ابن مریم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عیسی ابن مریم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iso_ibn_Maryam" title="Iso ibn Maryam – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Iso ibn Maryam" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_%C4%91i%E1%BB%83m_H%E1%BB%93i_gi%C3%A1o_v%E1%BB%81_Gi%C3%AAsu" title="Quan điểm Hồi giáo về Giêsu – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan điểm Hồi giáo về Giêsu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%94%E6%92%92" title="尔撒 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尔撒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%BE%E6%92%92" title="爾撒 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="爾撒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isa" title="Isa – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Isa" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q51664#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isa" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Isa" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isa"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isa"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Isa" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Isa" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&oldid=26903206" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Isa&id=26903206&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIsa"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIsa"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Isa"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Isa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jesus_in_Islam" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q51664" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang Nabi dalam Islam. Untuk nama, lihat <a href="/wiki/Isa_(nama)" title="Isa (nama)">Isa (nama)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27002510">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><span class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Nabi" title="Nabi">Nabi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Rasul" title="Rasul">Rasul</a></span><br /><span class="fn">'Īsā<br />عيس</span><br /><span class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alaihis_Salam" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaihis Salam">'alaihissalam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ululazmi" title="Ululazmi">Ulul 'Azmi</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Isa_(Jesus)1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Isa_%28Jesus%291.png/220px-Isa_%28Jesus%291.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Isa_%28Jesus%291.png 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="234" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Kaligrafi Isa <i><br />'alaihis-salam</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lahir</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em">4 SM<br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Menghilang</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em">33 M</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tempat tinggal</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"><a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Gelar</th><td class="infobox-data title" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaihis_Salam" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaihis Salam">'Alaihissalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almasih" title="Almasih">Almasih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ululazmi" title="Ululazmi">Ulul 'Azmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Ibnu Maryam</a></li> <li>Ruhullah</li> <li>Kalimatullah</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pendahulu</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nabi_dan_rasul_dalam_Islam" title="Nabi dan rasul dalam Islam">Sesuai urutan 25 nabi dan rasul</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pengganti</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nabi_dan_rasul_dalam_Islam" title="Nabi dan rasul dalam Islam">Sesuai urutan 25 nabi dan rasul</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orang tua</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"><a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Maryam</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-right:0em; padding-right:0em"></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Nabi_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabi Islam">Nabi dan Rasul dalam Islam</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Al-Anbiya.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Anbiya"><img alt="Anbiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Al-Anbiya.png/140px-Al-Anbiya.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Al-Anbiya.png/210px-Al-Anbiya.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Al-Anbiya.png/280px-Al-Anbiya.png 2x" data-file-width="1518" data-file-height="1143" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Nabi_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabi Islam">Nabi dalam Al-Qur'an</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="collapsible"><small>Menyesuaikan antara nama Islam dan Alkitab.</small> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adam_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Adam (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">ʾĀdam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Idris" title="Idris">ʾIdrīs</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Henokh" class="mw-disambig" title="Henokh">Henokh</a>?)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nuh_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuh (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Nūḥ</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Nuh" title="Nuh">Nuh</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hud" title="Hud">Hūd</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Eber" title="Eber">Eber</a>?)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saleh" title="Saleh">Ṣāliḥ</a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Selah" title="Selah">Selah</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim" title="Ibrahim">ʾIbrāhīm</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lut" title="Lut">Lūṭ</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Lot" title="Lot">Lot</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ismail" title="Ismail">ʾIsmāʿīl</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ismael" title="Ismael">Ismael</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ishaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishaq">ʾIsḥāq</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ishak" title="Ishak">Ishak</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yakub_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakub (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Yaʿqūb</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yakub" title="Yakub">Yakub</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yusuf (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Yūsuf</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yusuf" title="Yusuf">Yusuf</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ayyub" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayyub">Ayyūb</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ayub" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ayub">Ayub</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syu%27aib" class="mw-redirect" title="Syu'aib">Syu'aib</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yitro" title="Yitro">Yitro</a>?)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Musa_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Musa (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Mūsā</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harun_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Harun (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Hārūn</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Harun" class="mw-disambig" title="Harun">Harun</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zulkifli" title="Zulkifli">Zulkifli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a>?)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dawud" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawud">Dāwūd</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Daud" title="Daud">Daud</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman" title="Sulaiman">Sulaimān</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Salomo" title="Salomo">Salomo</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ilyas" title="Ilyas">ʾIlyās</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Elia" title="Elia">Elia</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ilyasa" title="Ilyasa">Alyasaʿ</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Elisa" title="Elisa">Elisa</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yunus" title="Yunus">Yūnus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zakariyya" title="Zakariyya">Zakarīyya</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Zakharia" class="mw-disambig" title="Zakharia">Zakharia</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yaḥyā</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Pembaptis" title="Yohanes Pembaptis">Yohanes Pembaptis</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ʿĪsā</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muḥammad</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Sirah" title="Sirah">Peristiwa penting</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="collapsible"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qisas_Al-Anbiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Qisas Al-Anbiya">Kisah Para Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashabulqaryah" title="Ashabulqaryah">Ashabulqaryah</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;">Pandangan</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="collapsible"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubungan_Islam_dengan_Yahudi#Nabi_lain" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubungan Islam dengan Yahudi">Nabi Yahudi, Kristen, dan Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_nabi_agama_samawi" title="Daftar nabi agama samawi">Nabi agama Abrahamik</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/20px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal Islam</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="background:white; padding:0 5px"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Nabi_Islam" title="Templat:Nabi Islam"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Nabi_Islam" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Nabi Islam"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nabi_Islam&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Isa</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">عيسى</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliterasi">translit.</abbr> </span><i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">'Īsā</i></span></i>) adalah tokoh dalam <a href="/wiki/Al-Qur%27an" title="Al-Qur'an">Al-Qur'an</a> yang merupakan seorang <i><a href="/wiki/Nabi" title="Nabi">nabi</a></i> yang ke-24<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sekaligus <i><a href="/wiki/Rasul" title="Rasul">rasul</a></i> yang ke-13<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> serta merangkap dengan kedudukan sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Ululazmi" title="Ululazmi">ulul azmi</a></i> yang ke-4<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pada <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayat">Ayat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Ayat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ayat"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21477316">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ibrahim bukanlah seorang Yahudi dan bukan (pula) seorang Nasrani, tetapi dia adalah seorang yang lurus, muslim, dan dia tidaklah termasuk orang-orang musyrik.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/3/67">Ali Imran:67</a></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r21477316" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Maka ketika Isa merasakan keingkaran mereka (Bani Israil), dia berkata, "Siapakah yang akan menjadi penolongku untuk (menegakkan agama) Allah?" Para Ḥawāriyyūn (sahabat setianya) menjawab, "Kamilah penolong (agama) Allah. Kami beriman kepada Allah, dan saksikanlah, bahwa kami adalah orang-orang Muslim.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/3/52">Ali Imran:52</a></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r21477316" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Katakanlah (Muhammad), "Kami beriman kepada Allah dan kepada apa yang diturunkan kepada kami dan yang diturunkan kepada Ibrahim, Ismail, Ishak, Yakub, dan anak cucunya, dan apa yang diberikan kepada Musa, Isa dan para Nabi dari Tuhan mereka. Kami tidak membeda-bedakan seorang pun diantara mereka dan hanya kepada-Nya kami berserah diri."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/3/84">Ali Imran:84</a></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r21477316" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>dan (Kami hukum juga) karena ucapan mereka, "Sesungguhnya kami telah membunuh Al-Masih, Isa putra Maryam, Rasul Allah, padahal mereka tidak membunuhnya dan tidak (pula) menyalibnya, tetapi (yang mereka bunuh adalah) orang yang diserupakan dengan Isa. Sesungguhnya mereka yang berselisih pendapat tentang (pembunuhan) Isa, selalu dalam keragu-raguan tentang siapa yang dibunuh. Mereka benar-benar tidak tahu (siapa sebenarnya yang dibunuh), melainkan mengikuti persangkaan belaka, jadi mereka tidak yakin telah membunuhnya, tetapi Allah telah mengangkat Isa kehadirat-Nya. Allah Mahaperkasa, Mahabijaksana.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/4/157-158">An-Nisa’:157-158</a></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r21477316" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Dan Kami teruskan jejak mereka dengan mengutus Isa putra Maryam, membenarkan Kitab yang sebelumnya, yaitu Taurat. Dan Kami menurunkan Injil kepadanya, di dalamnya terdapat petunjuk dan cahaya, dan membenarkan Kitab yang sebelumnya yaitu Taurat, dan sebagai petunjuk serta pengajaran untuk orang-orang yang bertakwa.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/5/46">Al-Ma’idah:46</a></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nama">Nama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Nama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Nama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Isa_(nama)" title="Isa (nama)">Isa (nama)</a></div> <p>Ada beberapa pendapat mengenai nama asli Isa. Sebagian menyatakan bahwa nama Yesus dalam bahasa Ibrani <span lang="he" dir="rtl">ישע</span> <i>Yesyua‘</i> atau <i>Y'syua‘</i> merupakan nama asli Isa. Nama ini disebut merupakan kependekan dari <span lang="he">יהושע</span> <i>Yehosyua‘</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-newadvent.org_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newadvent.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Klemens_dari_Aleksandria" title="Klemens dari Aleksandria">Klemens dari Aleksandria</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sirilus_dari_Yerusalem" title="Sirilus dari Yerusalem">Sirilus dari Yerusalem</a> berpendapat bahwa nama Yunani <span lang="grc">Ἰησοῦς</span> <i>Iēsous</i> merupakan nama asli Isa dan nama ini bukan turunan dari bentuk Ibraninya.<sup id="cite_ref-newadvent.org_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newadvent.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pendapat lain menyatakan bahwa nama asli Isa menggunakan nama Aram <span lang="arc">ܝܫܘܥ</span>, dibaca <i>Yesyu‘</i> dalam dialek Suryani Barat atau <i>Isyo‘</i> dalam dialek Suryani Timur,<sup id="cite_ref-Jennings_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jennings-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mengingat dia tumbuh dan berdakwah utamanya dengan bahasa Aram.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nama Yesus yang digunakan umat Kristen diturunkan dari nama Yunani <i>Iēsous</i>. Umat Kristen Arab menyebut Isa dengan <span lang="ar">يسوع</span> <i>Yasū‘</i> yang diturunkan dari <i>Yesyua‘</i> dengan perubahan <a href="/wiki/Fonetik" title="Fonetik">fonetik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007235_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007235-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LewisPellat1998_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LewisPellat1998-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Yasū‘</i> digunakan sejak sebelum masa <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> dan dan tetap digunakan pada masa-masa setelahnya.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaumont2005175_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaumont2005175-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Asal-muasal nama Isa yang digunakan dalam Al-Qur'an masih belum sepenuhnya terpecahkan dan ada beberapa pendapat terkait hal ini. </p> <ul><li>Turunan dari dialek Suryani Timur <i>Isyo‘</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Turunan dari nama <span lang="he" dir="rtl">עֵשָׂו</span> <i>‘Esau</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EQ_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EQ-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun tidak ada bukti bahwa umat <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-disambig" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> pernah menyebut Isa dengan nama ini.</li> <li>Merupakan bentuk penyerasian agar selaras dengan nama <a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a>, sebagai bentuk gaya puisi Al-Qur'an.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007236_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007236-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Isa Merupakan nama asli beliau, sedangkan <i>Yesyua'</i> merupakan gelar atau julukannya, bagaimanapun kata Isa sudah digunakan beberapa ratus tahun sebelum masa kenabian nabi Muhammad.</li></ul> <p>Isa juga digunakan oleh beberapa kelompok <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a> di negara-negara <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>. Terjemahan <a href="/wiki/Injil_Matius" title="Injil Matius">Injil Matius</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">bahasa Persia</a> pada abad ke-14, salah satu manuskrip naskah terawal yang masih ada, menggunakan kata Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kemudian, terjemahan dalam bahasa lainnya juga mengikuti penamaan tersebut. Beberapa terjemahan Evangelikal modern juga menggunakan kata Isa, seperti <i>Life of Christ</i> (Arab 1987) karya David Owen.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kisah">Kisah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Kisah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kisah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Al-Qur%27an" title="Al-Qur'an">Al-Qur'an</a> (kitab suci Islam) <a href="/wiki/Daftar_makhluk_dan_benda_yang_disebut_namanya_dalam_Al-Qur%27an" title="Daftar makhluk dan benda yang disebut namanya dalam Al-Qur'an">menyebut</a> nama Isa sebanyak 25 kali.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia juga disebut ibnu Maryam sebanyak 23 kali<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan Al-Masih 11 kali.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kisahnya disebutkan dalam Surah <a href="/wiki/Surah_Ali_Imran" title="Surah Ali Imran">Ali 'Imran</a> (3): 49-55, <a href="/wiki/Surah_Al-Ma%E2%80%99idah" title="Surah Al-Ma’idah">Al-Ma'idah</a> (5): 110-118, dan <a href="/wiki/Surah_Maryam" title="Surah Maryam">Maryam</a> (19): 24-36. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Alkitab" title="Alkitab">Alkitab</a> (kitab suci Kristen), kisahnya disebutkan dalam Injil Matius, Markus, Lukas, dan Yohanes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latar_belakang">Latar belakang</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Latar belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Latar belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Bani_Israil" title="Bani Israil">Bani Israil</a></div> <p>Setelah <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman" title="Sulaiman">Sulaiman</a> mangkat, <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Israel_(kerajaan_bersatu)" title="Kerajaan Israel (kerajaan bersatu)">Kerajaan Israel</a> terbagi menjadi dua: kerajaan di utara yang juga disebut <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)">Kerajaan Israel</a>, tapi kerap disebut Kerajaan Utara atau Kerajaan Samaria untuk membedakan dengan Kerajaan Israel lama; dan <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Yehuda" title="Kerajaan Yehuda">Kerajaan Yehuda</a> di selatan.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kerajaan Samaria ditaklukkan Asyur pada 720-an SM.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satu setengah abad kemudian, Kerajaan Yehuda ditaklukkan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Babilonia_Baru" title="Kekaisaran Babilonia Baru">Babilonia Baru</a> pada tahun 587 SM dan Bait Suci (<a href="/wiki/Baitul_Maqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitul Maqdis">Baitul Maqdis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Aqsha" class="mw-redirect" title="Masjid Al-Aqsha">Masjid Al-Aqsha</a>) yang menjadi pusat ibadah Bani Israil turut dihancurkan. Banyak Bani Israil kemudian diasingkan ke Babilonia. Pada masa antara Sulaiman dan sebelum pengasingan Bani Israil ke Babilonia disebut periode Bait Suci pertama. Pada masa-masa selanjutnya, Bani Israil (sebutan untuk keturunan <a href="/wiki/Yakub" title="Yakub">Ya'qub</a>) juga kerap disebut dengan bangsa Yahudi, meski ada juga non-Bani Israil yang menjadi penganut ajaran Yahudi. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg/220px-Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg/330px-Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg/440px-Palestine_in_the_time_of_Jesus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1826" data-file-height="2573" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palestina_(kawasan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestina (kawasan)">Palestina</a> pada zaman Isa (4 SM-30 M). Keterangan dalam bahasa Inggris.</figcaption></figure> <p>Setelah lima puluh tahun di pengasingan, Kekaisaran Persia Akhemeniyah memperkenakan Bani Israil kembali ke Palestina dan Bait Suci kembali dibangun, menandakan dimulainya periode Bait Suci kedua. Antara tahun 332-160 SM, kawasan Palestina dikuasai dinasti-dinasti dari Yunani. Mereka mendorong proses <a href="/wiki/Helenisasi" title="Helenisasi">Helenisasi</a> di wilayah bawahannya, menjadikan kebudayaan Yunani sangat dominan di Palestina dan kehidupan sosial-keagamaan Bani Israil. Proses Helenisasi ini memicu umat Yahudi melancarkan <a href="/wiki/Pemberontakan_Makabe" title="Pemberontakan Makabe">Pemberontakan Makabe</a> dan umat Yahudi berhasil berkuasa secara mandiri di bawah kepemimpinan Dinasti Yahudi <a href="/wiki/Hashmonayim" title="Hashmonayim">Hashmonayim</a>. Saat meluaskan wilayahnya, Hashmonayim juga memaksa penduduk taklukan untuk memeluk agama Yahudi, meskipun penduduknya bukanlah Bani Israil. Bangsa <a href="/wiki/Edom" title="Edom">Edom</a> kemudian menjadi Yahudi.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 37 SM, kekuasaan Hashmonayim atas Palestina berakhir, digantikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Herodes_yang_Agung" class="mw-redirect" title="Herodes yang Agung">Herodes yang Agung</a>, raja bawahan Romawi. Herodes adalah keturunan bangsa Edom yang menjadi pemeluk Yahudi pada masa Hashmonayim.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PersPers_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PersPers-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Losch_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Losch-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah Herodes Agung mangkat pada 4 SM, wilayah Palestina dibagi-bagi untuk tiga putranya: <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Arkhelaus" title="Herodes Arkhelaus">Herodes Arkhelaus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Antipas" title="Herodes Antipas">Herodes Antipas</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Filipus_bin_Herodes" title="Filipus bin Herodes">Herodes Filipus II</a>. Secara resmi, mereka tidak menyandang gelar raja sebagaimana ayah mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeffers_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeffers-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkhelaus menyandang gelar <a href="/wiki/Etnark" title="Etnark">etnark</a> (semacam gubernur), sedangkan Antipas dan Filipus bergelar tetrark (semacam gubernur). Sebagaimana ayah mereka, ketiganya juga penguasa bawahan Kaisar Romawi. </p><p>Isa dan Yahya hidup pada satu zaman. Mereka berdakwah di Palestina pada masa kekuasaan Kaisar Romawi kedua, <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a> (berkuasa 14-37 M), saat <a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilatus" title="Pontius Pilatus">Pontius Pilatus</a> menjabat <a href="/wiki/Prefek" title="Prefek">prefek</a> (Wali negeri) <a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Iudaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinsi Iudaea">Provinsi Iudaea</a> (Palestina).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isa tumbuh di Galilea (Palestina utara) dan kebanyakan dakwahnya dilakukan di sana.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenMcKnightMarshall1992442_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenMcKnightMarshall1992442-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bahasa yang digunakan di Galilea dan Palestina pada masa itu termasuk <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Aram_Palestina_Yahudi" title="Bahasa Aram Palestina Yahudi">bahasa Aram Palestina Yahudi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani_Koine" title="Bahasa Yunani Koine">Yunani Koine</a>, dengan dominan bahasa Aram.<sup id="cite_ref-BarrLang_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarrLang-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Porter110_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Porter110-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ada konsensus substansial bahwa Isa memberikan sebagian besar ajarannya dalam bahasa Aram<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2003313–15_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2003313–15-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dialek Galilea.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen_C._Myers_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen_C._Myers-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Keagamaan">Keagamaan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Keagamaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keagamaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saat berada di pengasingan Babilonia dan tidak adanya Bait Suci sebagai pusat peribadahan, rumah-rumah umat Yahudi (<i>beit knesset</i> atau <a href="/wiki/Sinagoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinagoga">sinagoga</a>) menjadi tempat pertemuan utama untuk beribadah dan <i>beth midrash</i> sebagai tempat pembelajaran Taurat dan tafsirnya. Meski Akhemeniyah kemudian memperbolehkan Bani Israil kembali ke Palestina dan membangun Bait Suci kembali, Bani Israil tidak diizinkan mendirikan kerajaan. Tanpa keberadaan raja, kedudukan imam atau pendeta Yahudi (כֹּהֵן, <i>kohen</i>) menjadi sangat dominan dan kewenangan Bait Suci dalam kehidupan masyarakat semakin kuat. Di waktu inilah muncul aliran <a href="/wiki/Saduki" title="Saduki">Saduki</a> sebagai wadah para imam yang menjadi kelompok elit dalam masyarakat. Para imam Saduki memegang berbagai urusan kenegaraan, seperti mengurus urusan dalam negeri, mengumpulkan pajak, memimpin pasukan, dan mengelola hubungan dengan negara lain atau negara penguasa, seperti Romawi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen200145_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen200145-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meski imam memegang kendali ritual di Bait Suci, ahli dan guru Taurat (kelak disebut <a href="/wiki/Rabi" title="Rabi">rabi</a>) yang mendominasi pengajaran Taurat. Kelompok <a href="/wiki/Farisi" title="Farisi">Farisi</a> muncul dari kalangan para guru dan ahli Taurat.<sup id="cite_ref-Shaye_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shaye-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="reference plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap"><sup>:159</sup></span> Mereka populer di kalangan rakyat biasa, berbeda dengan Saduki yang diasosiasikan dengan kelas elit.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farisi sangat dikenal mendetail dalam hukum Taurat, menerapkan hukum Yahudi pada kegiatan-kegiatan duniawi untuk menguduskan dunia setiap hari. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kelahiran">Kelahiran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Kelahiran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kelahiran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Maryam</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Al-Qur%27an" title="Al-Qur'an">Al-Qur'an</a> menjelaskan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Maryam</a> mengandung Isa secara mukjizat, yakni dalam keadaan perawan dan tanpa campur tangan laki-laki. Al-Qur'an dan keterangan para ulama menyebutkan bahwa Maryam keluar dari Baitul Maqdis ketika haid atau ada keperluan. Saat Maryam mengasingkan diri dari keluarganya ke sebelah timur, seorang laki-laki mendatanginya. Maryam yang sangat menjaga diri dari lelaki asing kemudian mengatakan, "Sungguh, aku berlindung kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Pengasih terhadapmu, jika engkau orang yang bertakwa." Laki-laki yang ternyata adalah jelmaan Malaikat Jibril tersebut mengabarkan bahwa Maryam akan memiliki seorang putra. Maryam terheran-heran lantaran dia belum bersuami, juga menyatakan bahwa dirinya bukan pezina. Malaikat Jibril menyebutkan bahwa hal itu mudah bagi Allah dan sudah menjadi ketetapan-Nya.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014802-804_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014802-804-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa Malaikat Jibril menyampaikan kabar tersebut saat Maryam ada di <a href="/wiki/Nazaret" title="Nazaret">Nazaret</a>. Disebutkan pula bahwa Maryam sudah berstatus sebagai tunangan seorang lelaki Bani Israil keturunan <a href="/wiki/Dawud" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawud">Dawud</a> bernama <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_dari_Nazaret" title="Yusuf dari Nazaret">Yusuf</a>, tapi mereka belum hidup sebagai suami istri. Saat itu kerabat Maryam, Elisyeba, sedang mengandung Yahya dan usia kandungannya sudah sekitar enam bulan.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maryam melahirkan putranya, Isa, di <a href="/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem">Betlehem</a> saat masa kekuasaan <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Kaisar Romawi Augustus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan Palestina dipimpin Raja Herodes Agung.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para sarjana berpendapat bahwa Isa lahir antara tahun 6 sampai 4 SM.<sup id="cite_ref-JDG324_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JDG324-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Al-Qur'an menjelaskan bahwa saat merasa sakit karena melahirkan, Maryam bersandar pada pohon kurma dan berujar, "Wahai, betapa (baiknya) aku mati sebelum ini, dan aku menjadi seorang yang tidak diperhatikan dan dilupakan." Kemudian ada yang menyeru Maryam dari tempat yang rendah, mengatakan agar dia tidak bersedih dan Allah telah menjadikan anak sungai mengalir di bawahnya. Maryam juga diminta menggoyang-goyangkan pangkal pohon kurma supaya buah kurma akan jatuh pada Maryam. Maryam juga diperintahkan untuk tidak berbicara pada siapapun pada hari ini.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terkait sosok yang menyeru Maryam, sebagian penafsir menyebutkan bahwa dia adalah Jibril, sedangkan tafsiran lain menyebutkan bahwa dia adalah Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014806-807_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014806-807-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam riwayat hadits disebutkan bahwa setiap bayi yang dilahirkan pasti akan menangis karena disentuh setan, kecuali Maryam dan putranya.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014788_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014788-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diterangkan dalam Al-Qur'an bahwa saat Maryam kembali dengan menggendong Isa, kaumnya mencelanya, menyatakan bahwa dia telah melakukan sesuatu yang sangat mungkar. Mereka juga menyatakan, "Hai saudari Harun! Ayahmu bukanlah seorang yang buruk perangai dan ibumu bukan seorang pezina!" Namun Maryam tidak menjawab cercaan mereka dan memberi isyarat pada bayinya. Kaumnya terheran-heran karena diminta bicara dengan seorang bayi. Namun Isa yang masih bayi berbicara pada mereka, menjelaskan bahwa dirinya adalah hamba Allah yang diangkat sebagai nabi, dianugerahi kitab, dan diberkahi oleh Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alkitab tidak menyebutkan mukjizat Isa yang bisa berbicara saat masih bayi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hijrah">Hijrah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Hijrah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hijrah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa demi menghindari kelahiran seorang mesias, Raja Herodes Agung menitahkan agar <a href="/wiki/Pembantaian_anak-anak_di_Betlehem" title="Pembantaian anak-anak di Betlehem">membunuh semua bayi laki-laki di Betlehem</a> yang berumur dua tahun ke bawah. Isa, Maryam, dan Yusuf sendiri hijrah ke Mesir dan tinggal di sana.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peristiwa hijrahnya Isa dan Maryam ke Mesir tidak tercantum dalam Al-Qur'an, tetapi ayat yang menyatakan bahwa Allah melindungi Maryam dan putranya "di sebuah dataran tinggi dengan mata air yang mengalir"<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ditafsirkan sebagai isyarat akan hal tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-831_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-831-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tradisi Kristen Ortodoks menyebutkan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Zakariyya" title="Zakariyya">Zakariyya</a> dibunuh saat pembantaian anak-anak di Betlehem karena menyembunyikan keberadaan putranya, <a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a>, yang lahir sekitar enam bulan sebelum Isa. Namun sebagian besar penulis biografi modern dari Herodes Agung menampik kisah pembantaian itu sebagai kenyataan sejarah dan memandangnya sebagai kisah buatan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaier1998170-171_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaier1998170-171-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa Isa, Maryam, dan Yusuf kembali lagi ke Palestina setelah Herodes Agung mangkat. Namun mereka tidak kembali ke Betlehem karena kawasan tersebut sekarang masuk dalam wilayah kekuasaan Herodes Arkhelaus. Akhirnya mereka tinggal di kawasan <a href="/wiki/Galilea" title="Galilea">Galilea</a> (Palestina utara) di kota Nazaret.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galilea masuk dalam wilayah kekuasaan Herodes Antipas. Herodes Agung diperkirakan mangkat pada 4 SM.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kehidupan">Kehidupan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Kehidupan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kehidupan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Berbagai riwayat ulama menerangkan kehidupan Isa yang sangat sederhana. Disebutkan bahwa Isa merupakan pemimpin orang-orang <a href="/wiki/Zuhud" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuhud">zuhud</a> di hari kiamat. Riwayat lain menjelaskan bahwa Isa mengenakan pakaian bulu, memakan dedaunan, tidak memiliki rumah, keluarga, harta benda, dan tidak menyimpan sesuatu untuk hari besok. Ada juga yang menyatakan bahwa Isa makan dari hasil ibunya sebagai tukang tenun. Kisah lain menerangkan bahwa saat Isa merasakan kenikmatan saat tidur dengan berbantalkan batu, Iblis menghampirinya dan berkata, "Wahai Isa, bukankah engkau pernah bilang bahwa engkau tidak menginginkan kenikmatan dunia? Bukankah batu itu bagian dari kenikmatan dunia?" Isa kemudian bangun dan melemparkan batu itu pada Iblis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-853_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-853-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Diterangkan bahwa suatu hari, Isa membawa emas dan pasir di masing-masing tangannya. Dia bertanya pada orang-orang mengenai benda yang lebih menyenangkan hati dan mereka menjawab emas. Isa kemudian membalas, "Bagiku, keduanya adalah sama."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yahya">Yahya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Yahya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Yahya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Yarden_034PAN2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yarden_034PAN2.JPG/250px-Yarden_034PAN2.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yarden_034PAN2.JPG/375px-Yarden_034PAN2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Yarden_034PAN2.JPG/500px-Yarden_034PAN2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1789" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sungai_Yordan" title="Sungai Yordan">Sungai Yordan</a>, tempat Isa dibaptis <a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a> dalam sumber Alkitab<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Isa dan Yahya hidup pada satu zaman. Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa saat Elisyeba mengandung Yahya dan kehamilannya memasuki usia enam bulan, Maryam mulai mengandung Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam Al-Qur'an, Yahya disebutkan membenarkan kalimat atau firman dari Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ayat selanjutnya menyebutkan bahwa yang dimaksud kalimat dari Allah adalah sosok Isa bin Maryam.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam Kristen, sosok Yahya utamanya memiliki peran khusus sebagai pendahulu kedatangan Isa yang dipandang sebagai mesias yang sudah dinubuatkan.<sup id="cite_ref-ActJMark_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ActJMark-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marginal_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marginal-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa Yahya membaptis Isa di <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Yordan" title="Sungai Yordan">Sungai Yordan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dakwah">Dakwah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Dakwah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dakwah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Isa diutus untuk berdakwah pada <a href="/wiki/Bani_Israil" title="Bani Israil">Bani Israil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa2_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selain penyembahan pada Allah, seruan Isa yang paling sering disebutkan dalam Al-Qur'an adalah bahwa dia datang untuk membenarkan kitab Taurat.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Al-Qur'an juga menjelaskan bahwa Isa "menghalalkan bagi kamu sebagian dari yang telah diharamkan untukmu." Terkait ayat ini, sebagian ulama menafsirkan bahwa ajaran Isa tidak memperbarui Taurat sama sekali, tetapi hanya menjelaskan perkara yang disalahpahami dan diperselisihkan Bani Israil. Ulama lain berpendapat bahwa memang ajaran Isa mengubah dan memperbarui sebagian syariat Taurat. Meski demikian, Taurat tetap menjadi dasar utama dari ajaran Isa dan Injil berperan sebagai pelengkap dan penyempurna.<sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alkitab menjelaskan bahwa Isa tidak datang untuk menghapus syariat Taurat, tapi menggenapinya.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mukjizat">Mukjizat</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Mukjizat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mukjizat"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam menjelaskan seruan Isa, Al-Qur'an biasanya juga menyebutkan mukjizat-mukjizat Isa. Ada enam mukjizat Isa yang disebutkan dalam Al-Qur'an dan sebagian besarnya disebutkan sekilas tanpa penjelasan terperinci. Berbagai literatur Muslim menuliskan dan merincikan mukjizat-mukjizat Isa dengan mengambil sumber di luar Al-Qur'an, seperti Alkitab, sumber non-kanon, dan cerita rakyat.<sup id="cite_ref-Leirvik_2010,_p._59-60_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leirvik_2010,_p._59-60-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ayoub_1992,_p._145_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayoub_1992,_p._145-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para ulama menyatakan bahwa Allah membekali nabi dengan mukjizat yang sesuai dengan keadaan zamannya. Pada masa Isa, sedang terkenal ilmu kesehatan dan biologi. Maka Isa dibekali mukjizat yang berkaitan dengan penyembuhan dan mengungguli ilmu kesehatan manusia pada masa itu, seperti menyembuhkan kebutaan dan membangkitkan orang mati.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014844-845_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014844-845-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Bicara saat bayi</b> </p><p>Al-Qur'an menyebutkan bahwa Isa dapat berbicara saat masih bayi.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa1_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa1-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia berbicara saat Maryam dituduh berzina, menjelaskan bahwa dirinya adalah hamba Allah yang diangkat sebagai nabi, dianugerahi kitab, dan diberkahi oleh Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Burung dari tanah</b> </p><p>Al-Qur'an juga menyebutkan bahwa Isa membuat burung dari tanah liat, kemudian meniupnya, sehingga menjadi burung yang hidup.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa2_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Isa1_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa1-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Injil_Kanak-Kanak_Tomas" title="Injil Kanak-Kanak Tomas">Injil Kanak-Kanak Tomas</a> menyebutkan bahwa Isa melakukan mukjizat itu saat masih kanak-kanak. </p><p><b>Penyembuhan</b> </p><p>Mukjizat lain yang disebutkan dalam Al-Qur'an adalah menyembuhkan <i>al-akmah</i> dan kusta.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa2_71-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Isa1_81-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa1-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terkait makna <i>al-akmah</i>, sebagian ulama menafsirkan bahwa maknanya adalah orang yang dapat melihat di siang hari, tapi tidak bisa saat malam hari. Pendapat lain menyatakan sebaliknya. Ulama lain berpendapat bahwa maknanya adalah orang yang rabun. Pendapat lain menyebutkan bahwa makna <i>al-akmah</i> adalah orang yang buta sejak lahir.<sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir1-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alkitab mengisahkan bahwa Isa menyembuhkan dua orang buta yang mengikutinya. Namun meski Isa memperingatkan untuk jangan mengatakan kepada orang lain terkait masalah ini, dua orang itu justru menyebarkan kabar mukjizat Isa pada khalayak.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab menerangkan bahwa Isa juga menyembuhkan orang yang lumpuh,<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bisu,<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tuli,<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan lainnya. Tidak hanya penyakit fisik, Isa juga disebutkan mengusir setan yang merasuki manusia.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Menghidupkan</b> </p><p>Isa juga dapat menghidupkan kembali orang yang mati.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa2_71-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Isa1_81-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa1-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam sebuah riwayat sahabat Nabi disebutkan bahwa Isa pernah membangkitkan Ham bin Nuh. Isa dan Ham kemudian bertanya jawab soal bahtera Nuh.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alkitab menjelaskan bahwa Isa menghidupkan seorang lelaki bernama Lazarus yang telah mati empat hari. Kejadian itu disaksikan keluarga Lazarus dan orang-orang yang datang melayat.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Mengetahui hal tersembunyi</b> </p><p>Isa juga mampu mengetahui makanan yang telah disantap orang atau yang disimpan di rumah.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa2_71-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disebutkan dalam sebuah riwayat bahwa mukjizat ini terjadi saat Isa masih kanak-kanak. Isa memberi tahu anak-anak sebayanya bahwa orang tua mereka memiliki makanan yang disembunyikan dan anak-anak itu kemudian meminta makanan tersebut pada orang tua mereka. Orang tua mereka menjadi tidak suka dengan Isa dan menganggapnya telah merusak anak mereka. Saat hendak menemui teman-teman bermainnya, Isa tidak menemui mereka karena orang tua mereka mengunci mereka di suatu rumah. Saat Isa mendengar suara gaduh dari rumah tersebut, orang tua mereka mengatakan kalau itu suara kera dan babi. Akhirnya anak-anak tersebut benar-benar berubah menjadi kera dan babi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hidangan</b> </p><p>Al-Qur'an menjelaskan bahwa para pengikut Isa meminta hidangan dari langit. Isa kemudian berdoa agar Allah menurunkan hidangan dari langit dan hari turunnya akan menjadi hari raya bagi mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa3_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa3-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beberapa ulama menafsirkan bahwa hidangan tersebut turun dari langit secara harfiah dan ditutupi dua awan. Pengikut Isa tidak mau makan sebelum Isa makan, tetapi Isa menyatakan bahwa pengikutnyalah yang harus memakannya karena mereka yang meminta. Setelahnya, Isa mengundang orang-orang miskin, papa, dan sakit untuk makan bersama hidangan tersebut. Mereka yang menderita penyakit menjadi sembuh setelah menyantapnya.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014848-850_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014848-850-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Namun ada ulama yang berpendapat bahwa hidangan tersebut tidak jadi diturunkan. Al-Qur'an menerangkan bahwa setelah murid-murid Isa meminta hidangan dari langit, Isa berdoa memohon kepada Allah. Allah berfirman bahwa hidangan tersebut akan diturunkan, tetapi mereka yang tetap kafir setelah turunnya hidangan tersebut akan ditimpakan azab yang tidak pernah ditimpakan pada umat lain. Setelahnya, tidak ada lagi keterangan mengenai hidangan tersebut. Menurut pendapat ini, setelah mendapat peringatan dari Allah, para murid Isa tidak jadi meminta hidangan tersebut karena takut mendapat azab jika mereka mengingkarinya.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab tidak menerangkan mengenai hidangan yang turun dari langit, tetapi disebutkan bahwa Isa memberkahi makanan yang jumlahnya sedikit hingga dapat disantap banyak orang. Disebutkan bahwa setelah mendengar Yahya dibunuh, Isa pergi mengasingkan diri. Namun banyak orang kemudian mengikutinya. Saat sudah mulai malam, Isa mengambil lima roti dan dua ikan, kemudian memecah-mecah dan membagikannya pada orang-orang. Disebutkan bahwa lima ribu laki-laki menyantap makanan tersebut sampai kenyang.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Mukjizat lain</b> </p><p>Ada juga mukjizat Isa yang tidak disebutkan dalam Al-Qur'an, seperti berjalan di atas air.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014851-852_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014851-852-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tantangan">Tantangan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Tantangan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tantangan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Berbeda pada masa Bait Suci pertama yang masih akrab dengan penyembahan berhala, umat Yahudi pada periode Bait Suci kedua (termasuk pada masa Isa) cenderung merupakan penganut monoteisme ketat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlbertz1994a61_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlbertz1994a61-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBetz2000917_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBetz2000917-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bila rasul lain berdakwah pada umat musyrik yang menyekutukan Allah, Isa berdakwah pada umat yang sudah mengesakan Allah, tapi menyalahgunakan hukum-hukum Allah atau menjalankan dengan tidak semestinya. Alkitab menjelaskan bahwa Isa beberapa kali berselisih dengan kelompok Saduki dan Farisi dan memperingatkan murid-muridnya terhadap ajaran dua kelompok tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab menggambarkan Farisi sebagai kelompok yang lebih mementingkan aturan lahiriah suatu hukum di atas makna yang ada dalam hukum tersebut. Isa mencela kaum Farisi yang tersibukkan mengurus hukum yang begitu terperinci, tetapi melupakan syariat Taurat yang paling utama, yakni keadilan, belas kasih, dan kesetiaan. Kaum Farisi juga dicela atas sikap riya' mereka, mengenakan busana yang membuat mereka terlihat seperti orang saleh di hadapan orang lain, dan gila pujian. Isa juga menyatakan bahwa kaum Farisi mendapat kekuasaan untuk menafsirkan hukum Musa dan dia meminta orang-orang untuk mematuhi ajaran kaum Farisi, tapi jangan meniru perbuatan mereka, karena kaum Farisi tidak menjalankan hal yang mereka ajarkan. Isa mencela dan mengibaratkan mereka seperti kuburan yang dilabur putih, tampak bagus di luar tetapi penuh tulang dan kebusukan di dalamnya.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isa juga berdebat dengan kelompok Saduki yang tidak mempercayai kebangkitan setelah mati dan mencela mereka sebagai orang yang tidak memahami kitab suci maupun kekuasaan Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seruan Isa disambut banyak orang dan kabar mengenai mukjizatnya tersebar luas. Saat pergi ke Yerusalem bersama para muridnya, Isa memasuki Bait Suci (Baitul Maqdis), kemudian mengusir orang-orang yang berjual beli di sekitarnya, juga menjungkirbalikkan meja dan bangku pedagang. Hal ini menambah kebencian pihak berwenang Yahudi, yakni kaum Saduki dan Farisi.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoxEasley2007155–170_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECoxEasley2007155–170-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sangat mungkin kelompok Saduki menentang Isa bukan karena ajarannya, tetapi lebih kepada alasan-alasan politik.<sup id="cite_ref-ODCC_Jesus_Christ_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODCC_Jesus_Christ-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isa dipandang mengancam stabilitas di masyarakat, terutama setelah dia dan murid-muridnya memasuki Baitul Maqdis.<sup id="cite_ref-ODCC_Jesus_Christ_109-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODCC_Jesus_Christ-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seruan Isa ditakutkan akan memprovokasi pihak Romawi untuk menyerang bangsa Yahudi, sehingga para imam dan kaum Farisi sepakat untuk membunuh Isa,<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi mereka tidak bisa menangkapnya secara terang-terangan karena khawatir dengan perlawanan rakyat.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Murid">Murid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Murid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Murid"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Al-Qur%27an" title="Al-Qur'an">Al-Qur'an</a> menyebut murid-murid Isa dengan sebutan Al-Hawariyyun (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">الحواريون</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliterasi">translit.</abbr> </span><i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-ḥawāriyyūn</i></span></i>). Al-Qur'an tidak memberikan keterangan terperinci mengenai pengikut Isa mana saja yang masuk golongan <i>hawariyyun</i> dan para penafsir Muslim biasanya sepakat dengan nama-nama yang disebutkan dalam Alkitab.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dijelaskan dalam Alkitab bahwa Isa memiliki murid-murid pilihan yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Dua_Belas_Rasul" class="mw-redirect" title="Dua Belas Rasul">Dua Belas Rasul</a>, yakni <a href="/wiki/Simon_Petrus" title="Simon Petrus">Simon Kefas (Petrus)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andreas" title="Andreas">Andreas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yakobus" title="Yakobus">Yakobus (Ya'qub) bin Zebedeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yohanes" title="Yohanes">Yohanes (Yohanan) bin Zebedeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipus" title="Filipus">Filipus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bartolomeus" title="Bartolomeus">Bartolomeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomas" title="Tomas">Tomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matius" title="Matius">Matius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yakobus_anak_Alfeus" title="Yakobus anak Alfeus">Yakobus (Ya'qub) bin Alfeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yudas_bin_Yakobus" title="Yudas bin Yakobus">Yudas Tadeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_orang_Zelot" title="Simon orang Zelot">Simon orang Zelot</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Yudas_Iskariot" title="Yudas Iskariot">Yudas (Yehuda) Iskariot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di antara para murid, sosok <a href="/wiki/Maria_Magdalena" title="Maria Magdalena">Maria (Miryam) Magdalena</a> disebut sebagai murid yang paling dekat dengan Isa dan paling memahami ajarannya, dan Maria dihormati sebagai "rasulnya para rasul".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeneva_Press2008139_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeneva_Press2008139-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebagai catatan, istilah "rasul" (utusan) dalam konteks ini bermakna bahwa mereka adalah sosok yang diutus Isa untuk menyebarkan ajarannya dan memiliki makna yang berbeda dalam tradisi Islam (lihat <a href="/wiki/Rasul" title="Rasul">rasul</a>). Disebutkan pula bahwa Isa memiliki murid rahasia, yakni <a href="/wiki/Yusuf_dari_Arimatea" title="Yusuf dari Arimatea">Yusuf dari Arimatea</a><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Nikodemus" title="Nikodemus">Nikodemus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam Al-Qur'an disebutkan bahwa <i>hawariyyun</i> menyatakan diri mereka sebagai penolong agama, orang yang beriman, dan berserah diri pada Allah, dan mereka dijadikan percontohan bagi orang beriman yang lain.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dikisahkan pula bahwa mereka meminta Isa untuk menurunkan hidangan dari langit untuk menguatkan iman mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-Isa3_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa3-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebagian penafsir juga berpendapat bahwa tiga orang yang diutus pada suatu kaum yang dikisahkan dalam Surah Yasin adalah murid-murid Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penyaliban">Penyaliban</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Penyaliban" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penyaliban"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa Yudas Iskariot mengkhianati Isa dan bekerja sama dengan para imam Yahudi untuk menangkapnya. Setelah Isa <a href="/wiki/Perjamuan_Terakhir" class="mw-redirect" title="Perjamuan Terakhir">makan malam bersama</a> murid-muridnya, mereka pergi ke <a href="/wiki/Taman_Getsemani" class="mw-redirect" title="Taman Getsemani">Taman Getsemani</a> di kaki <a href="/wiki/Bukit_Zaitun" title="Bukit Zaitun">bukit Zaitun</a>, Yerusalem. Yudas Iskariot kemudian datang bersama sekelompok orang bersenjata yang dikirim oleh para imam kepala dan sesepuh Yahudi dan menangkap Isa. Isa kemudian dibawa ke <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a> (badan peradilan Yahudi) untuk diadili,<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kemudian dibawa ke hadapan <a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilatus" title="Pontius Pilatus">Pontius Pilatus</a>. Isa sempat dibawa ke hadapan <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Antipas" title="Herodes Antipas">Herodes Antipas</a> sebelum kemudian dikembalikan lagi ke Pilatus. Para imam dan tetua Yahudi menghasut orang-orang untuk mendesak Pilatus agar Isa disalib. Pilatus enggan menghukum orang yang tidak jelas kesalahannya, tapi tidak mau terjadi kerusuhan dan pemberontakan, sehingga dia menyerah dengan tuntutan orang-orang. Isa kemudian dipancang di kayu salib bersama dua orang penyamun. Setelah beberapa jam digantung di kayu salib, tubuh Isa diturunkan dan dibawa pergi oleh Yusuf dari Arimatea.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Al-Qur'an tidak menyebutkan peristiwa penangkapan maupun proses penyaliban Isa, tetapi dalam Surah An-Nisa' disebutkan bahwa Isa tidak dibunuh maupun disalib, tetapi diserupakan seolah-olah Isa mati disalib.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menggunakan ayat ini sebagai dasar, mayoritas tradisi Islam menolak kematian Isa di kayu salib dan terdapat perbedaan pendapat dan teori mengenai makna "diserupakan" dalam ayat tersebut. Pendapat pertama, teori orang pengganti. Menurut teori ini, ada orang yang wajah dan perawakannya diserupakan dengan Isa, sehingga dialah yang ditangkap dan disalib, bukan Isa. Jati diri orang pengganti ini juga diperdebatkan. Pendapat kedua, teori koma. Menurut teori ini, Isa memang benar-benar ditangkap dan dipancang di kayu salib. Isa mengalami koma atau mati suri dalam proses penyaliban, tidak mati dalam arti sesungguhnya, tetapi diserupakan seperti sudah benar-benar mati di mata orang-orang. Dia kemudian diturunkan dari kayu salib dalam keadaan kritis, tetapi belum mati, dan dibawa pergi muridnya. Ada juga pendapat lain. </p><p>Kepercayaan Isa yang tidak mati disalib tidak hanya dianut umat Muslim, tapi juga dianut oleh sebagian kecil kalangan Kristen. Begitu pula sebaliknya, kematian Isa di kayu salib juga dianut sebagian kalangan Muslim. Umat Kristen arus utama menyatakan bahwa Isa memang mati disalib, kemudian <a href="/wiki/Kebangkitan_Yesus" title="Kebangkitan Yesus">dibangkitkan kembali</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Teori_orang_pengganti">Teori orang pengganti</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Teori orang pengganti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teori orang pengganti"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Keyakinan bahwa orang yang disalib adalah orang yang mirip dengan Isa dianut oleh penganut <a href="/wiki/Gnostisisme" title="Gnostisisme">Gnostisisme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandaeisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandaeisme">Mandaeisme</a>, Muslim, dan Kristen Jepang. Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia mengacu pada teori ini dalam menerjemahkan Surah An-Nisa'.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebagian menyebutkan bahwa jati diri dari orang pengganti tersebut adalah salah seorang musuh Isa, pendapat lain menyebutkan bahwa dia adalah pengikut Isa yang sengaja mengajukan diri untuk menjadi pengganti Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sebagian sumber apokrif Gnostik menyebutkan bahwa orang pengganti Isa adalah <a href="/wiki/Simon_dari_Kirene" title="Simon dari Kirene">Simon dari Kirene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beberapa ulama seperti <a href="/wiki/Al-Baidhawi" title="Al-Baidhawi">Al-Baidhawi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Jarir_ath-Thabari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibnu Jarir ath-Thabari">Ibnu Jarir ath-Thabari</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Katsir" title="Ibnu Katsir">Ibnu Katsir</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014861-866_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014861-866-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menyatakan bahwa ada murid setia Isa yang menawarkan diri menjadi pengganti Isa, tanpa menyebutkan jati diri murid tersebut secara terperinci. </p><p>Dalam versi <a href="/wiki/Injil_Barnabas" title="Injil Barnabas">Injil Barnabas</a> disebutkan bahwa orang pengganti tersebut adalah Yudas Iskariot. Disebutkan bahwa Isa dibawa pergi para malaikat melalui jendela. Saat Yudas masuk ruangan untuk mencari Isa, penampilannya diserupakan dengan Isa, sehingga pasukan yang masuk ruangan belakangan kemudian menangkapnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Barnabas_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnabas-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mati_disalib">Mati disalib</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Mati disalib" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mati disalib"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sebagian kalangan berpendapat bahwa Isa memang telah mati disalib. Ja'far ibn Mansur al-Yaman (w. 347 H/958 M), Abu Hatim Ahmad ibn Hamdan ar-Razi (filsuf Syi'ah, wafat 322 H/935 M), Abu Yaqub as-Sijistani (dai Syi'ah, wafat 358 H/971 M) , Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din as-Shirazi (ulama Syi'ah, w. 470 H/1078 M), dan kelompok <a href="/wiki/Ikhwan_As-Shafa" title="Ikhwan As-Shafa">Ikhwan As-Shafa</a> juga menegaskan historisitas penyaliban, menyatakan bahwa Isa disalibkan dan tidak digantikan oleh orang lain sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam tafsiran pada umumnya.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terkait Surah An-Nisa' ayat 157, ulama Lebanon Mahmoud M. Ayoub menyatakan, "Al-Qur'an, seperti telah kita bahas, tidak menyangkal kematian Al-Masih. Sebaliknya, itu menantang manusia yang dalam kebodohan mereka telah menipu diri mereka sendiri untuk percaya bahwa mereka akan mengalahkan firman Ilahi, Isa Al-Masih, utusan Allah. Kematian Isa ditegaskan beberapa kali dan dalam berbagai konteks."<sup id="cite_ref-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Teori_koma">Teori koma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Teori koma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Teori koma"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menurut teori ini, Isa memang benar-benar ditangkap dan dipancang di kayu salib, kemudian pingsan atau koma dalam prosesnya. Namun Isa tampak serupa seperti sudah mati, sehingga dia kemudian diturunkan dari salib. Diperkirakan teori ini lahir pada sekitar abad ke-17 atau 18 di Barat. Beberapa cendekiawan Muslim modern seperti <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Deedat" title="Ahmed Deedat">Ahmed Deedat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Zakir_Naik" title="Zakir Naik">Zakir Naik</a> juga menggunakan teori ini dalam karya atau ceramah mereka. </p><p>Dalam tulisan dan ceramahnya, <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Deedat" title="Ahmed Deedat">Ahmed Deedat</a> menganalisis kejadian penyaliban dalam Alkitab dan mengambil kesimpulan alternatif yang berbeda dengan yang diyakini umat Kristen.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terkait makna "disalib", Deedat memberikan permisalan dengan seorang yang diberi putusan untuk dieksekusi. Orang ini didudukkan di kursi listrik untuk disetrum, tetapi daya listriknya kurang sehingga orang ini masih hidup. Orang ini tidak bisa dikatakan telah dieksekusi hanya lantaran sudah disetrum, karena dia masih hidup. Dalam kejadian Isa, dia memang telah menjalani proses penyaliban, tapi tidak bisa dikatakan bahwa Isa telah disalib karena dia masih hidup. Makna "disalib" tidak hanya sekadar diikat di kayu salib, tetapi "<i>membunuh</i> dengan cara mengikat pada sebuah salib".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004509-512_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004509-512-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Disebutkan bahwa setelah Isa digantung di kayu salib selama beberapa jam, umat Yahudi meminta agar dia dan dua penyamun itu diturunkan. Hal ini lantaran penyaliban terjadi pada hari Jum'at dan saat senja berarti sudah masuk hari suci pekanan Yahudi, <a href="/wiki/Sabat" title="Sabat">Sabat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Untuk mempercepat kematian, penjagal bisa mematahkan kaki korban.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004447_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004447-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kedua kaki penyamun tersebut dipatahkan, tetapi tidak dengan Isa karena mereka melihat bahwa dia sudah mati. Kemudian salah satu prajurit menikam perut Isa sehingga keluarlah darah dan air.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deedat menyatakan bahwa kejadian tersebut adalah cara Allah menyelamatkan Isa. Dengan tidak dipatahkannya tulang Isa, dia selamat dari kematian. Dinyatakan pula bahwa saat mengalami rasa sakit yang sangat, seseorang akan pingsan. Dalam kasus Isa yang digantung di kayu salib, aliran darahnya berjalan sangat lambat lantaran posisi tubuhnya. Penikaman yang membuat darah dan air langsung keluar tersebut justru melancarkan kembali sirkulasi darah teratur kembali.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004457_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004457-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diangkat_ke_langit">Diangkat ke langit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Diangkat ke langit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Diangkat ke langit"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al-Qur'an menyatakan bahwa Isa diangkat ke hadirat Allah<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan ini menjadi pijakan dalam keyakinan tradisi Muslim pada umumnya bahwa Isa diangkat ke langit secara jasmaniah. Ada juga pendapat minoritas, mengacu pada penjelasan <a href="/wiki/Mu%27tazilah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'tazilah">Mu'tazilah</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Syi%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Syi'ah">Syi'ah</a>, yang menyatakan bahwa Isa hanya diangkat rohnya, tidak bersama tubuhnya.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Waktu">Waktu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Waktu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Waktu"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al-Qur'an tidak menjelaskan secara rinci mengenai waktu kejadian tersebut dan setidaknya ada dua pendapat: </p> <ul><li>Setelah penyaliban. Alkitab menjelaskan bahwa setelah keluar dari gua tempatnya dibaringkan (hidup kembali menurut ajaran Kristen, sadar dari pingsan atau koma menurut teori koma), Isa menemui beberapa muridnya. Setelahnya, dia diangkat ke langit disaksikan mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ibnu Katsir juga menyatakan bahwa Isa diangkat setelah peristiwa penyaliban.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014866-868_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014866-868-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sebelum penyaliban. Injil Barnabas menyatakan bahwa Isa diangkat ke langit tepat sebelum para prajurit menangkapnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Barnabas_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barnabas-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam pendapat kedua ini, biasanya disebutkan bahwa Isa kembali turun dan menemui murid-muridnya, kemudian kembali diangkat ke langit.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kematian">Kematian</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Kematian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kematian"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terdapat beberapa penafsiran mengenai makna dari kata <i>mutawafik</i> (متوفيك) dalam Surah Ali 'Imran ayat 55 dan Al-Maidah ayat 117. Tafsiran pertama, artinya adalah "untuk mengakhiri setelah jangka waktu tertentu" atau "mengambilmu". Dari penafsiran ini, kebanyakan umat Muslim percaya bahwa Isa mengalami kenaikan secara jasmani tanpa didahului atau disertai kematian.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tafsiran kedua, "mewafatkan", yakni mewafatkan Isa. Sebagian pihak, tidak semua, yang berpendapat bahwa <i>mutawafik</i> bermakna wafat menyatakan bahwa Isa telah wafat dan ini menjadi pijakan untuk mempertanyakan kebenaran mengenai kedatangannya kedua kali menjelang hari kiamat kelak.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bila ditafsirkan bahwa Isa telah wafat, maka setidaknya ada lima pendapat di kalangan umat Muslim perihal kematiannya: </p> <ul><li>Wafat disalib<sup id="cite_ref-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II_136-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Meninggal selama beberapa waktu, kemudian dihidupkan kembali, dan setelahnya diangkat ke langit.<sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir2-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Isa selamat dari penyaliban, hidup normal selama bertahun-tahun, kemudian meninggal secara wajar. Pihak yang memegang pendapat ini di antaranya adalah kelompok Ahmadiyyah. Diyakini bahwa Isa pergi ke India bersama Maryam setelah selamat dari penyaliban, kemudian berdakwah kepada suku Bani Israil yang hilang di sana. Disebutkan bahwa Isa meninggal di <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Melton55_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melton55-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wafat setelah kenaikan. Sebagian ulama menyatakan bahwa kalimat "mewafatkanmu (<i>mutawafik</i>) dan mengangkatmu kepada-Ku" dalam Surah Ali 'Imran ayat 55 termasuk versi ungkapan <i>muqaddam</i> dan <i>mu'akhkhar</i>, yakni mendahulukan yang akhir dan mengakhirkan yang awal. Jadi maknanya adalah bahwa Isa diangkat terlebih dahulu, baru diwafatkan.<sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir2-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebagian menyebutkan bahwa kematian Isa ini terjadi setelah kedatangannya yang kedua kali menjelang hari kiamat.</li> <li>Sebagian ulama berpendapat bahwa maknanya memang wafat, tapi bukan mati dalam arti yang sebenarnya, tetapi serupa dengan keadaan tidur, sebagaimana yang disebutkan dalam Surah Al-An'am (6): 60, "Dan Dialah Yang menidurkan kalian (<i>yatawaffākum</i>) di malam hari."<sup id="cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir2-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pandangan_agama">Pandangan agama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Pandangan agama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pandangan agama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r26333518" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Yesus" title="Kategori:Yesus">seri</a> tentang</td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus"><img alt="Yesus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/JesusYeshua-id.svg/200px-JesusYeshua-id.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/JesusYeshua-id.svg/300px-JesusYeshua-id.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/JesusYeshua-id.svg/400px-JesusYeshua-id.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="234" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Kristen_tentang_Yesus" title="Pandangan Kristen tentang Yesus">Pandangan Kristen</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kristus" title="Kristus">Kristus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristologi" title="Kristologi">Kristologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nama_dan_gelar_Yesus" title="Nama dan gelar Yesus">Nama dan Gelar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kehidupan_Yesus_dalam_Perjanjian_Baru" title="Kehidupan Yesus dalam Perjanjian Baru">Riwayat Hidup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injil" title="Injil">Injil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmoni_Injil" title="Harmoni Injil">Keselarasan Injil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_nama_tempat_dalam_Perjanjian_Baru#Berhubungan_dengan_Yesus_Kristus" title="Daftar nama tempat dalam Perjanjian Baru">Petilasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelahiran_Yesus_dari_perawan" title="Kelahiran Yesus dari perawan">Beribunda Perawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelahiran_Yesus" title="Kelahiran Yesus">Kelahiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembaptisan_Yesus" title="Pembaptisan Yesus">Pembaptisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelayanan_Yesus" title="Pelayanan Yesus">Karya Pelayanan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khotbah_di_Bukit" title="Khotbah di Bukit">Khotbah di Bukit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukjizat_Yesus_Kristus" title="Mukjizat Yesus Kristus">Mukjizat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumpamaan_Yesus" title="Perumpamaan Yesus">Perumpamaan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penistaan_Kristus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penistaan Kristus (halaman belum tersedia)">Penistaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penyaliban_dan_kematian_Yesus" title="Penyaliban dan kematian Yesus">Penyaliban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penguburan_Yesus" title="Penguburan Yesus">Penguburan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebangkitan_Yesus" title="Kebangkitan Yesus">Kebangkitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenaikan_Yesus_Kristus" title="Kenaikan Yesus Kristus">Kenaikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketaatan_aktif_Kristus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketaatan aktif Kristus (halaman belum tersedia)">Ketaatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristus_bersemayam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristus bersemayam (halaman belum tersedia)">Bersemayam di Surga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perantaraan_Kristus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perantaraan Kristus (halaman belum tersedia)">Perantaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedatangan_Kedua_Yesus_Kristus" title="Kedatangan Kedua Yesus Kristus">Kedatangan Ke-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relikui_yang_berhubungan_dengan_Yesus_Kristus" title="Relikui yang berhubungan dengan Yesus Kristus">Relikui</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isa</a> (Pandangan Islam)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almasih" title="Almasih">Almasih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injil_dalam_Islam" title="Injil dalam Islam">Injil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Maryam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murid-murid_Isa" title="Murid-murid Isa">Hawariyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Islam_mengenai_kematian_Isa" title="Pandangan Islam mengenai kematian Isa">Wafat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Mahdi" title="Imam Mahdi">Almahdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaumul_Qiyamah" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaumul Qiyamah">Hari Kiamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubah_Hijau" title="Kubah Hijau">Pusara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latar_belakang_sejarah_Perjanjian_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latar belakang sejarah Perjanjian Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Latar Belakang</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latar_belakang_sejarah_Perjanjian_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latar belakang sejarah Perjanjian Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Latar Belakang Perjanjian Baru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Aram_Yesus" title="Bahasa Aram Yesus">Bahasa Tutur Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_dan_penampilan_Yesus" title="Ras dan penampilan Yesus">Ras Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silsilah_Yesus_Kristus" title="Silsilah Yesus Kristus">Silsilah Yesus</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Historisitas_Yesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Historisitas Yesus">Pandangan Sejarah</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kronologi_kehidupan_Yesus" title="Kronologi kehidupan Yesus">Kronologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesus_sebagai_tokoh_dalam_sejarah" title="Yesus sebagai tokoh dalam sejarah">Yesus Historis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historisitas_Yesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Historisitas Yesus">Historisitas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Keandalan_sejarah_Kitab-kitab_Injil" title="Keandalan sejarah Kitab-kitab Injil">Injil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumber-sumber_untuk_historisitas_Yesus" title="Sumber-sumber untuk historisitas Yesus">Sumber-Sumber Perihal Historisitas Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencarian_akan_Yesus_historis" title="Pencarian akan Yesus historis">Mencari Yesus Historis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesus_dalam_mitologi_komparatif" title="Yesus dalam mitologi komparatif">Mitologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teori_mitos_Yesus" title="Teori mitos Yesus">Teori Mitos Kristus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kecaman_terhadap_Yesus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kecaman terhadap Yesus (halaman belum tersedia)">Kecaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahun-tahun_Yesus_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Tahun-tahun Yesus yang tidak diketahui">Tahun-Tahun Senyap</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandangan_agama_tentang_Yesus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandangan agama tentang Yesus (halaman belum tersedia)">Pandangan lainnya</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Yahudi_tentang_Yesus" title="Pandangan Yahudi tentang Yesus">Pandangan Yahudi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yesus_dalam_Talmud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yesus dalam Talmud (halaman belum tersedia)">Talmud</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yesus_dalam_Saintologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yesus dalam Saintologi (halaman belum tersedia)">Saintologi</a></li> <li>Pandangan tokoh sezaman <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tulisan_Yosefus_tentang_Yesus" title="Tulisan Yosefus tentang Yesus">Yosefus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keterangan_Tacitus_tentang_Kristus" title="Keterangan Tacitus tentang Kristus">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulisan_Mara_bar_Serapion_tentang_Yesus" title="Tulisan Mara bar Serapion tentang Yesus">Bar Serapion</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yesus_dalam_karya_seni" title="Yesus dalam karya seni">Yesus dalam Seni Budaya</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riwayat_hidup_Kristus_dalam_seni_rupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riwayat hidup Kristus dalam seni rupa (halaman belum tersedia)">Penggambaran Kisah Hidup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesus_dalam_karya_seni" title="Yesus dalam karya seni">Penggambaran Sosok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yesuisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yesuisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Yesuisme</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Kristen" title="Portal:Kristen">Portal Kristen</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/20px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal Islam</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Yesus" title="Templat:Yesus"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Yesus" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Yesus"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Yesus&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kristen">Kristen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Kristen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kristen"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Kristen_tentang_Yesus" title="Pandangan Kristen tentang Yesus">Pandangan Kristen tentang Yesus</a></div> <p>Isa (disebut Yesus dalam Kristen) adalah tokoh utama dalam <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a>. Pandangan Isa dalam Kristen beragam. Ada beberapa keyakinan yang dipegang oleh aliran-aliran Kristen, tapi ada juga doktrin-doktrin yang diakui satu aliran tetapi tidak diakui aliran lain dan terdapat perbedaan teologis di antara umat Kristen selama berabad-abad.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ajaran Kristen menyatakan bahwa kematian Isa di kayu salib dan kebangkitannya kembali menjadi penebusan atau keselamatan dosa manusia, baik dosa secara umum maupun <a href="/wiki/Dosa_asal" title="Dosa asal">dosa asal</a> secara khusus.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_Companion_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_Companion-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah masa para rasul (murid Isa), terdapat perdebatan teologis dalam tubuh umat Kristen mengenai kedudukan Isa dan berbagai hal keagamaan lain, sehingga diadakanlah rangkaian <a href="/wiki/Konsili_Ekumenis" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Ekumenis">konsili ekumenis</a>, yakni pertemuan para pemuka agama Kristen untuk membahas dan mengambil keputusan yang menyangkut doktrin Gereja dan aturan praktisnya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trinitas">Trinitas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Trinitas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Trinitas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Trinitas" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinitas">Trinitas</a></div> <p>Trinitas adalah doktrin ketuhanan yang dianut Kristen arus utama. Doktrin ini menyatakan bahwa Tuhan itu satu, tapi memiliki tiga pribadi: <a href="/wiki/Allah_Bapa" title="Allah Bapa">Bapa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allah_Putra" class="mw-redirect" title="Allah Putra">Putra</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Roh_Kudus_(Kekristenan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roh Kudus (Kekristenan)">Roh Kudus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam trinitas, Isa dipandang sebagai pribadi kedua Tuhan (Putra). Isa diyakini sebagai firman Allah yang menjadi daging (manusia). Isa juga disebutkan sepenuhnya Tuhan dan sepenuhnya manusia.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bapa, Putra, dan Roh Kudus dalam paham Trinitas sama dalam kesetaraan dan kekekalan, sama-sama tidak diciptakan dan tanpa awal mula, tetapi ketiganya bukan tiga Tuhan, tapi tiga pribadi Tuhan dalam satu entitas.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Non-Trinitas">Non-Trinitas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bagian: Non-Trinitas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Non-Trinitas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Nontrinitarisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Nontrinitarisme">Nontrinitarisme</a></div> <p>Paham Trinitas tidak diterima secara universal dalam semua kalangan Kristen.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terdapat banyak sekali aliran Kristen non-trinitas dan mereka memiliki beragam paham mengenai Isa, ada yang memandangnya sebagai Tuhan, semi-ilahi, makhluk sempurna, dan lainnya. </p> <ul><li>Triteisme: Meyakini bahwa Allah, Isa, dan Roh Kudus adalah tiga Tuhan<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Yesus_Kristus_dari_Orang-orang_Suci_Zaman_Akhir" title="Gereja Yesus Kristus dari Orang-orang Suci Zaman Akhir">Gereja Yesus Kristus dari Orang-orang Suci Zaman Akhir</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Mormonisme" title="Mormonisme">Mormon</a>: seperti Triteisme yang meyakini adanya tiga Tuhan. Mereka percaya bahwa Allah menciptakan Isa, sehingga Isa lebih rendah dari Allah,<sup id="cite_ref-eomchristoverview_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eomchristoverview-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan Isa yang menciptakan alam semesta.<sup id="cite_ref-eomchristoverview_167-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eomchristoverview-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-carmarianism_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carmarianism-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianisme" title="Arianisme">Arianisme</a>: Isa bukan Tuhan, tetapi ilahi atau memiliki sifat ketuhanan.<sup id="cite_ref-www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia adalah putra Tuhan Bapa dan diciptakan Tuhan Bapa, sehingga kedudukannya lebih rendah dari Bapa.<sup id="cite_ref-Steinacher_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steinacher-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ehrmanblogariusalexander_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ehrmanblogariusalexander-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarianisme" title="Unitarianisme">Unitarianisme</a>: Isa dipandang sebagai manusia agung dan nabi Tuhan, bahkan sangat mungkin juga makhluk supernatural, tapi bukan Tuhan itu sendiri<sup id="cite_ref-Miano_2003_15_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miano_2003_15-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saksi-Saksi_Yehuwa" title="Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa">Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa</a>: Isa dipandang sebagai satu-satunya ciptaan langsung Allah, dan ciptaan Allah yang paling pertama. Mereka memberikan "sembah sujud" (penghormatan, sebagaimana kepada seorang raja) atau "pemujaan" kepada Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mereka juga berdoa pada Isa karena Isa dipandang sebagai perantara antara Allah dan manusia. Sebelum terlahir sebagai manusia, Isa adalah Malaikat Mikail.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a>: gerakan keagamaan Kristen yang lahir di Filipina dan mengadopsi paham Unitarianisme. Isa dipandang sebagai makhluk Tuhan tertinggi dan menolak keilahiannya.<sup id="cite_ref-apologetics_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apologetics-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mereka berpandangan bahwa menyembah Isa adalah perintah Tuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-incfund_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-incfund-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristadelfian" title="Kristadelfian">Kristadelfian</a>: Isa dipandang sebagai putra Tuhan Bapa, dia adalah manusia dan bukan Tuhan<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yahudi">Yahudi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bagian: Yahudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Yahudi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Yahudi_tentang_Yesus" title="Pandangan Yahudi tentang Yesus">Pandangan Yahudi tentang Yesus</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-disambig" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> arus utama menolak gagasan bahwa Isa adalah Tuhan, atau seorang perantara Tuhan, ataupun bagian dari Trinitas.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mereka berkeyakinan bahwa Isa bukanlah <a href="/wiki/Mesias_dalam_Yudaisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesias dalam Yudaisme">Mesias</a>, dengan alasan bahwa Isa tidak memenuhi <a href="/wiki/Mesias" title="Mesias">nubuat Mesianik</a> yang tertulis di dalam <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a> (kitab suci Yahudi) dan juga tidak memenuhi kualifikasi personal Mesias.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menurut tradisi Yahudi, tidak ada nabi lagi setelah <a href="/wiki/Maleakhi" title="Maleakhi">Maleakhi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang menyampaikan nubuat-nubuatnya pada abad ke-5 SM.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kritik Yahudi terhadap Isa telah ada sejak dahulu. Talmud, yang ditulis dan disusun dari abad ke-3 hingga ke-5 M,<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> memuat kisah-kisah yang sejak abad pertengahan telah dianggap sebagai laporan-laporan yang merendahkan Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam Talmud disebutkan bahwa <i>Yesyu ha-nozri</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Yesus_dari_Nazaret" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesus dari Nazaret">Yesus orang Nazaret</a>"), murid dari Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah seorang yang dihukum mati dengan dilempari (dirajam) batu karena <a href="/wiki/Mukjizat_Yesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mukjizat Yesus">mempraktikkan sihir</a>, menyebabkan orang Israel menyembah berhala (menyembah Yesus) dan menyesatkan orang Yahudi.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Sunting bagian: Islam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Islam"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Isa dipandang sebagai nabi dan rasul dalam <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> dan merupakan salah satu <i><a href="/wiki/Ulul_azmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulul azmi">ulul azmi</a></i>. Setidaknya ada tiga surah Al-Qur'an yang namanya memiliki kaitan dengan Isa: surah ketiga dinamai Ali 'Imran (keluarga Imran) yang merupakan nama kakek Isa, surah kelima dinamai Al-Ma'idah (hidangan) karena berisi Isa yang berdoa meminta hidangan dari langit, surah ke-19 dinamai Maryam yang merupakan nama ibu Isa. Isa lahir di perkirakan antara tahun 4 SM sampai sekitar 6 SM </p><p>Penyebutannya dalam Al-Qur'an utamanya menekankan pada dua aspek: kemuliaan dan kemanusiaannya. Isa disebutkan sebagai sosok yang terkemuka di dunia dan akhirat, didekatkan kepada Allah, saleh,<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> suci,<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan diberkahi.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disebutkan pula bahwa Allah mengajarkan kitab, hikmah, Taurat, dan Injil kepada Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Isa4_192-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa4-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Umat Islam juga diperintahkan untuk beriman kepada wahyu Allah, baik yang diturunkan kepada Muhammad maupun kepada nabi-nabi yang lain, di antaranya adalah Isa, juga diperintahkan untuk tidak membeda-bedakan para nabi dan berserah diri kepada Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di sisi lain, Isa juga disebutkan sebagai seorang hamba Allah<sup id="cite_ref-Isa4_192-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isa4-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan tidak enggan untuk menjadi hamba Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bersama Maryam, Isa disebutkan biasa menyantap makanan,<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ungkapan akan sisi kemanusiaannya. Penciptaan Isa juga disejajarkan dengan penciptaan <a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>, menjelaskan bahwa penciptaan keduanya adalah karena kekuasaan Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Akhtar_2017,_p._32_199-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akhtar_2017,_p._32-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Al-Qur'an juga memberikan penentangan terhadap berbagai macam paham yang mengultuskan Isa, seperti menganggapnya sebagai Tuhan,<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> putra Allah,<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> atau memandang bahwa Allah adalah Isa itu sendiri.<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Riwayat hadits menyebutkan berbagai hal terkait Isa. Nabi Islam <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> menyatakan bahwa Isa adalah sosok berpostur tubuh sedang, berdada bidang, dan kulitnya kemerah-merahan seperti baru keluar dari pemandian.<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014872-873_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014872-873-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim200648_209-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim200648-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saat peristiwa <i>isra' mi'raj</i>, Muhammad melihat Yahya dan Isa berada di langit kedua.<sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Disebutkan bahwa pada hari kiamat kelak, Allah menjadikan Isa sebagai <i><a href="/wiki/Hujjah" title="Hujjah">hujjah</a></i> (alasan) bagi orang-orang fakir dan miskin. Maknanya adalah orang-orang di hari kiamat kelak tidak bisa beralasan bahwa mereka tidak bisa beribadah karena repot dengan kekurangan dan kefakiran, lantaran Isa yang sebegitu miskinnya saja tetap taat beribadah kepada Allah.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alkitab menyebutkan dua silsilah Isa: versi Injil Matius<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan versi Injil Lukas.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meski Alkitab mengakui bahwa kehamilan Maryam yang perawan adalah mukjizat, silsilah Isa ditautkan dengan Yusuf, tunangan Maryam. Melalui Yusuf, kedua versi silsilah tersebut menyambungkan Isa dengan <a href="/wiki/Dawud" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawud">Dawud</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Suku_Yehuda" title="Suku Yehuda">suku Yehuda</a>, suku yang menurunkan raja-raja. Namun jumlah dan nama-nama orang yang disebutkan antara Yusuf dengan Dawud sangat berbeda antara satu versi dengan versi yang lain. Matius menyebutkan bahwa Yusuf adalah putra Ya'qub dan silsilahnya tersambung sampai Sulaiman bin Dawud. Ada 27 nama, terhitung dari Yusuf sampai Dawud. Lukas menyebutkan bahwa Yusuf adalah putra Eli atau Heli dan silsilahnya tersambung sampai Natan bin Dawud. Ada 42 nama, terhitung dari Yusuf sampai Dawud. </p><p>Terkait perbedaan ini, ada yang menyebutkan bahwa silsilah Isa dalam Injil Lukas merupakan silsilah dari pihak ibu, sehingga sosok yang bernama Eli sebenarnya adalah ayah kandung Maryam.<sup id="cite_ref-wordpic_216-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wordpic-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ada juga pendapat minoritas bahwa silsilah Isa dalam Injil Matius yang merupakan silsilah Maryam<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sehingga menurut pendapat ini, ayah Maryam adalah Ya'qub. Terkait pendapat ini, disebutkan bahwa nama Maryam tidak disebutkan secara tersurat lantaran dalam tradisi Ibrani kuno, nama perempuan tidak diperkenankan dimasukkan dalam rantai silsilah, sehingga nama suaminya yang disebutkan sebagai gantinya.<sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pendapat lain, bersumber dari <a href="/wiki/Injil_Yakobus" title="Injil Yakobus">Injil Yakobus</a> (bukan bagian resmi dari Alkitab) menyebutkan bahwa nama ayah Maryam adalah Yoakhim.<sup id="cite_ref-souvay_219-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souvay-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ada juga pendapat lain terkait perbedaan ini. </p><p>Al-Qur'an dan hadis tidak memberikan keterangan mengenai silsilah Isa yang berujung pada Dawud. Sebagian ulama Muslim terdahulu, seperti Muhammad bin Ishaq<sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan Abul Qasim bin Asakir<sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> juga menyebutkan silsilah Isa. Kedua silsilah tersebut dimulai dari Isa bin Maryam binti 'Imran dan berujung pada Sulaiman bin Dawud, tapi ada perbedaan nama dan jumlah orang di antara kedua versi ini.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014786_223-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014786-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cendekiawan modern menyatakan bahwa silsilah Isa dalam Alkitab cenderung merupakan konstruksi teologis dan bukan kenyataan sejarah. Kalangan non-imam biasanya tidak mencatat silsilah keluarga mereka dan kontradiksi antara kedua versi silsilah tersebut menjadi bukti yang jelas bahwa keterangan tersebut tidak berasal dari catatan yang valid. Selain itu, penggunaan gelar seperti 'Anak Allah' dan 'Anak Dawud' dipandang sebagai bukti bahwa keterangan tersebut tidak berasal dari tradisi Injil yang paling awal.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Raymond_E._Brown" title="Raymond E. Brown">Raymond E. Brown</a>, seorang imam Katolik Amerika, mengatakan silsilah itu "tidak memberi tahu kita tentang kakek-neneknya atau buyutnya".<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Borg" title="Marcus Borg">Marcus Borg</a> dan <a href="/wiki/John_Dominic_Crossan" title="John Dominic Crossan">John Dominic Crossan</a> berpendapat bahwa kedua silsilah tersebut adalah keterangan buatan untuk mendukung klaim Isa sebagai mesias sesuai kriteria Yahudi<sup id="cite_ref-Marcus_J._Borg_2009_page_95_226-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marcus_J._Borg_2009_page_95-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang menyatakan bahwa mesias yang akan datang merupakan keturunan Dawud.<sup id="cite_ref-schochet_moshiah_ben_yossef_227-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schochet_moshiah_ben_yossef-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JVL_messiah_228-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL_messiah-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JVL_The_Messiah_229-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL_The_Messiah-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ada pendapat lain yang menyatakan bahwa Isa merupakan keturunan <a href="/wiki/Harun" class="mw-disambig" title="Harun">Harun</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Suku_Lewi" title="Suku Lewi">suku Lewi</a>, suku yang menurunkan para imam. Alkitab menyebutkan bahwa Zakariyya dan istrinya, Elisyeba, adalah keturunan Harun dari suku Lewi<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan disebutkan bahwa Maryam adalah kerabat Elisyeba.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dari ayat ini, sebagian cendekiawan Alkitab menyatakan bahwa Maryam adalah seorang suku Lewi, atau setidaknya separuh Lewi.<sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Al-Qur'an menyebutkan Maryam sebagai "saudari Harun".<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lantaran kata "saudari" bisa digunakan untuk merujuk pada hubungan kekerabatan dan keturunan yang lebih jauh dan luas, beberapa cendekiawan Muslim seperti Yusuf Ali dan Muhammad Asad berpendapat bahwa Maryam berasal dari suku Lewi.<sup id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bila mengacu pada pendapat ini, berarti Isa juga seorang Lewi secara biologis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengikut">Pengikut</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Sunting bagian: Pengikut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=27" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengikut"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salah satu istilah yang digunakan untuk merujuk pada pengikut awal Isa adalah "Yudeo-Kristen" atau "Kristen Ibrani". Para pengikut awal Isa menyebut diri mereka sendiri dengan "Sang Jalan" (<span lang="grc">ἡ ὁδός</span> - <i>hė hodós</i>), mungkin mengacu pada ayat dalam Tanakh, "Persiapkanlah di padang gurun jalan untuk Tuhan."<sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECwiekowski198879-80_239-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECwiekowski198879-80-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPao201665_240-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPao201665-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istilah Kristen (secara harfiah bermakna "pengikut Kristus") pertama kali digunakan dari masyarakat non-Yahudi kepada pengikut Isa di <a href="/wiki/Antiokhia" title="Antiokhia">Antiokhia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-241" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Awalnya pengikut Isa seperti sekte atau gerakan keagamaan dalam tubuh Yahudi sebagaimana Farisi, Saduki, <a href="/wiki/Eseni" title="Eseni">Eseni</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Zelot" title="Zelot">Zelot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shiffman_242-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shiffman-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JVL_243-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Komunitas ini awalnya terdiri dari bangsa Yahudi yang meyakini Isa sebagai mesias.<sup id="cite_ref-Shiffman_242-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shiffman-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JVL_243-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mereka tetap menjalankan syariat Taurat dan tradisi Yahudi, seperti menyucikan hari Sabat, khitan, menjaga makanan kosher, dan kehadiran di sinagoga.<sup id="cite_ref-Judaeo-Christians_244-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judaeo-Christians-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sepeninggal Isa, pengikutnya menyebarkan ajarannya di kalangan bangsa Yahudi diaspora yang tersebar di luar Palestina. Dakwah mereka juga menarik perhatian kalangan <i><a href="/wiki/Goy" title="Goy">goy</a></i> (bangsa non-Yahudi, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a>: <span style="font-size:125%; font-family:'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frank Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial" dir="rtl">גוי</span>, jamak: <span style="font-size:125%; font-family:'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frank Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial" dir="rtl">גוים</span> <i>goyim</i>) dan mereka akhirnya juga menjadi target dakwah.<sup id="cite_ref-Fredriksen_2018_245-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fredriksen_2018-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kelompok Yudeo Kristen tradisional (pengikut Isa dari kalangan Farisi) bersikukuh bahwa kelompok <i>goy</i> juga harus dikhitan dan menjalankan syariat Taurat lantaran dalam tradisi Yahudi, khitan menjadi tanda bukti seseorang tergabung ke dalam agama Ibrahim.<sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBokenkotter200419–21_247-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBokenkotter200419–21-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005162–65_248-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005162–65-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGrath2006174–75_249-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGrath2006174–75-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245_250-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun khitan dipandang sebagai hal menjijikkan dalam tradisi Yunani dan Romawi yang sedang mendominasi kawasan timur Laut Tengah.<sup id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paulus_dari_Tarsus" title="Paulus dari Tarsus">Paulus</a> menentang penerapan tradisi Yahudi secara ketat kepada pengikut Isa dari kalangan <i>goy</i>, termasuk kewajiban khitan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245_250-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bisschops2017_252-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bisschops2017-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Permasalahan ini dibawa dalam <a href="/wiki/Konsili_Yerusalem" title="Konsili Yerusalem">Konsili Yerusalem</a> (sekitar 50 M) dan diputuskan bahwa pengikut Isa dari kalangan <i>goy</i> dibebaskan dari kewajiban menjalankan sebagian besar syariat Taurat. Meski disebutkan bahwa hasil konsili berasal dari kesepakatan, kalangan Yudeo Kristen tetap menentang keras.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051244_253-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051244-253"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pelonggaran ini menjadi ajaran Isa tersebar lebih jauh di luar kalangan bangsa Yahudi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurkett2002263_254-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurkett2002263-254"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saat pengikut Isa semakin berkembang di kalangan <i>goy</i>, tradisi mereka berkembang dan semakin terpisah dengan akar Yahudi mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-255" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-255"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-256" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-256"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-257" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-257"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-258" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-258"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejarawan masih memperdebatkan waktu saat Kristen benar-benar menjadi agama baru dan terpisah dari Yahudi. Sejarawan Amerika Shaye J. D. Cohen menyatakan bahwa "terpisahnya Kristen dari Yahudi adalah sebuah proses, bukan peristiwa."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1987228_259-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1987228-259"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>255<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kristen awal tidak lagi menjadi sekte Yahudi saat mereka tidak lagi menjalankan tradisi Yahudi, seperti khitan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1987168_260-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1987168-260"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>256<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perpisahan ini tidak hanya terjadi antara Kristen dengan Yahudi, tapi juga antara Kristen <i>goy</i> (juga disebut Kristen Paulus) dengan Yudeo Kristen. </p><p>Baitul Maqdis (Bait Suci) kembali dihancurkan pada 70 M akibat <a href="/wiki/Perang_Yahudi-Romawi_Pertama" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Yahudi-Romawi Pertama">Perang Yahudi-Romawi Pertama</a>, menjadi pengalaman traumatis bagi bangsa Yahudi. Sekte Saduki, Eseni, dan Zelot lenyap setelahnya, tetapi Kristen awal dan Farisi tetap bertahan. Farisi kemudian bertransformasi menjadi <a href="/wiki/Yahudi_Rabinik" title="Yahudi Rabinik">Yahudi Rabinik</a>, bentuk Yahudi paling umum sejak abad ke-6.<sup id="cite_ref-261" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>257<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Faktor yang berperan besar terhadap perpecahan di antara kedua kelompok tersebut adalah tafsiran keagamaan mereka terhadap kehancuran Baitul Maqdis kedua. Yahudi Rabinik memandang peristiwa tersebut sebagai hukuman karena mengabaikan Taurat. Kristen awal memandangnya sebagai hukuman bagi bangsa Yahudi karena menolak Isa, menjadikan mereka mengklaim diri sebagai "Israel sejati" yang baru. Klaim ini dianggap kalangan Yahudi Rabinik sebagai skandal.<sup id="cite_ref-262" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-262"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lantaran umat Kristen awal percaya bahwa Isa telah menggantikan kedudukan Baitul Maqdis, mereka tidak begitu mempedulikan kehancuran Baitul Maqdis.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_263-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-263"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada abad pertama dan kedua, umat Kristen semakin berkembang pesat. Bila jamaah Yudeo Kristen terpusat di Yerusalem pada abad pertama, Kristen <i>goy</i> semakin terdesentralisasi pada abad kedua.<sup id="cite_ref-264" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-264"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kristen terbagi dalam berbagai kelompok, masing-masingnya memiliki penafsiran agama dan pandangan terkait Isa yang berbeda-beda satu sama lain. Belum ada penetapan resmi atau pihak berwenang yang memutuskan mengenai ajaran mana yang dipandang baku dan yang dipandang sebagai bid'ah dan sesat.<sup id="cite_ref-265" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-265"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>261<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-266" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-266"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada masa ini pula kelembagaan dalam Kristen mulai berkembang.<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_267-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris-267"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>263<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah diadakan pertemuan para pemuka umat Kristen di <a href="/wiki/Konsili_Nicea_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Nicea I">Konsili Nicea I</a> pada 325 M untuk membahas berbagai perdebatan keagamaan, kelompok Yudeo Kristen mendapat penentangan ganda karena mereka tidak hanya ditentang pihak Yahudi Rabinik, tapi juga oleh Kristen <i>goy</i> yang mengakui Konsili Nicea. Kristen <i>goy</i> menjadi bentuk baku ajaran Kristen dan mengambil alih rumah ibadah umat Yudeo Kristen yang telah dipandang sebagai kelompok bid'ah.<sup id="cite_ref-Dauphin_1993._pp._235,_240–242_268-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dauphin_1993._pp._235,_240–242-268"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>264<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paulus">Paulus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Sunting bagian: Paulus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=28" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Paulus"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beberapa pihak menyatakan bahwa Paulus telah menyimpangkan ajaran asli Isa atau klaim bahwa Kristen sebagian besar adalah ciptaannya. Dakwaan pertama termasuk pendapat dari komentator sekuler<sup id="cite_ref-269" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-269"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>265<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seperti filsuf <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Friedrich Nietzsche</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a>. Kritik Nietzsche didasarkan pada keberatan moralnya terhadap pemikiran Paulus. Kaum <a href="/wiki/Anarkisme_Kristen" title="Anarkisme Kristen">Anarkis Kristen</a>, seperti <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Leo Tolstoy</a> dan Ammon Hennacy, percaya bahwa Paulus menyimpangkan ajaran Isa. Tolstoy mengklaim bahwa Paulus berperan dalam "penyimpangan" gereja dari pengajaran dan praktik Isa,<sup id="cite_ref-270" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-270"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>266<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sementara Hennacy percaya "Paulus merusak pesan Kristus."<sup id="cite_ref-271" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-271"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>267<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, Presiden Amerika Serikat ketiga dan seorang penganut <a href="/wiki/Deisme" title="Deisme">Deisme</a>, menuliskan bahwa Paulus adalah orang pertama yang merusak doktrin Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-272" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-272"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>268<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sudah dipercaya sejak lama dalam tradisi Muslim bahwa Paulus dengan sengaja merusak ajaran asli Isa,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHindsonCaner2008280_273-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHindsonCaner2008280-273"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>269<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200460_274-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200460-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235_275-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235-275"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> memasukkan elemen paganisme,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276_276-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sehingga Kristen menjadi agama penebusan dosa<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999255_277-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999255-277"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>273<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dengan memperkenalkan ajaran <a href="/wiki/Dosa_asal" title="Dosa asal">dosa asal</a> dan kebutuhan manusia akan perlunya penebusan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200464_278-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200464-278"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>274<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Saif_bin_Umar" title="Saif bin Umar">Saif bin Umar</a> menyatakan bahwa para rabi tertentu membujuk Paulus untuk secara sengaja membujuk umat Kristen awal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdang1996105–06_279-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdang1996105–06-279"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>275<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201168_280-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201168-280"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Hazm" title="Ibnu Hazm">Ibnu Hazm Al-Andalusi</a> (wafat 1064) mengulang pernyataan Saif.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrann201065–66_281-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrann201065–66-281"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Syed_Muhammad_Naquib_al-Attas" title="Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas">Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas</a> menuliskan bahwa Paulus menyalahartikan pesan Isa<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235_275-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235-275"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Rasyid_Ridha" title="Rasyid Ridha">Rasyid Ridha</a> (wafat 1935) mendakwa Paulus memperkenalkan ajaran syirik ke dalam Kekristenan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276_276-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Umat Kristen sendiri tidak sepakat sejauh mana perselisihan antara Paulus dan jamaah Yerusalem. Kristen arus utama seperti Katolik Roma, Ortodoks Timur, Ortodoks Oriental, dan Protestan konservatif berpendapat bahwa tulisan-tulisan Paulus adalah penafsiran yang sah dari Injil. Gagasan bahwa Paulus yang menciptakan Kekristenan diperdebatkan oleh banyak penulis Kristen.<sup id="cite_ref-282" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-282"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-283" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-283"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>279<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-284" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-284"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>280<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-285" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-285"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>281<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menurut Christopher Rowland, Kristen Paulus adalah pengembangan pemikiran tentang Isa dalam konteks dakwah pada kalangan non-Yahudi. Rowland berpendapat bahwa pengaruh Paulus dalam Kristen terlalu dilebih-lebihkan,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowland1985194_286-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERowland1985194-286"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>282<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menyimpulkan bahwa Paulus tidak mengubah secara material ajaran-ajaran Isa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kedatangan_kedua">Kedatangan kedua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Sunting bagian: Kedatangan kedua" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=29" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kedatangan kedua"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tradisi Islam meyakini bahwa Isa akan turun kembali. Al-Qur'an tidak menjelaskan mengenai peristiwa ini secara tersurat,<sup id="cite_ref-287" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-287"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>283<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi sebagian penafsir menyatakan bahwa Surah Az-Zukhruf (43) ayat 61 merupakan isyarat yang membenarkan keterangan bahwa Isa akan turun menjelang hari kiamat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim2006103-104_288-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim2006103-104-288"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>284<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Warren_289-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warren-289"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>285<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa riwayat hadits menjelaskan hal ini secara jelas. Disebutkan bahwa kiamat tidak akan terjadi sebelum munculnya sepuluh tanda, di antaranya adalah turunnya Isa.<sup id="cite_ref-290" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-290"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>286<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim200622_291-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim200622-291"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>287<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isa datang saat terjadi peperangan antara umat beriman dengan Dajjal dan pengikutnya. Dia turun di menara putih di sebelah timur Damaskus, kemudian menemui umat Muslim yang saat itu hendak melaksanakan shalat. Pemimpin mereka (Al-Mahdi) meminta Isa untuk memimpin shalat, tapi Isa menolaknya, mengatakan bahwa pemimpin kalian berasal dari kalangan kalian sendiri.<sup id="cite_ref-292" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-292"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>288<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelahnya, Isa akan membunuh Dajjal, menjadi hakim yang adil, menghancurkan salib, membunuh babi, dan menghapus <i><a href="/wiki/Jizyah" title="Jizyah">jizyah</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-293" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-293"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>289<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-294" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-294"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>290<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim2006108-113_295-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim2006108-113-295"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>291<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Warren_289-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warren-289"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>285<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=30" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabi_dan_Rasul" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabi dan Rasul">Nabi-nabi</a>, di antaranya: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim" title="Ibrahim">Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakariyya" title="Zakariyya">Zakariyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam" title="Maryam">Maryam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Israil" title="Bani Israil">Bani Israil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskatologi_Islam" title="Eskatologi Islam">Eskatologi Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiamat">Kiamat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=31" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam Al-Qur'an, nama Isa disebutkan 25 kali, yakni pada surah: <ol><li>Al-Baqarah (2): 87, 136, 253</li> <li>Ali 'Imran (3): 45, 52, 55, 59, 84</li> <li>An-Nisa' (4): 157, 163, 171</li> <li>Al-Ma'idah (5): 46, 78, 110, 112, 114, 116</li> <li>Al-An'am (6): 85</li> <li>Maryam (19): 34</li> <li>Al-Ahzab (33): 7</li> <li>Asy-Syura (42): 13</li> <li>Az-Zukhruf (43): 63</li> <li>Al-Hadid (57): 27</li> <li>Ash-Shaff (61): 6, 14</li></ol> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam Al-Qur'an, Isa disebut <span lang="ar">ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ</span> <i>ibnu Maryam</i> sebanyak 23 kali, yakni pada surah: <ol><li>Al-Baqarah (2): 87, 253</li> <li>Ali 'Imran (3): 45</li> <li>An-Nisa' (4): 157, 171</li> <li>Al-Ma'idah (5): 17 <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 kali)</span>, 46, 72, 75, 78, 110, 112, 114, 116</li> <li>At-Taubah (9): 31</li> <li>Maryam (19): 34</li> <li>Al-Mu'minun (23): 50</li> <li>Al-Ahzab (33): 7</li> <li>Az-Zukhruf (43): 57</li> <li>Al-Hadid (57): 27</li> <li>Ash-Shaff (61): 6, 14</li></ol> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam Al-Qur'an, Isa disebut <span lang="ar">المسيح</span> <i>Al-Masih</i> sebanyak 11 kali, yakni pada surah: <ol><li>Ali 'Imran (3): 45</li> <li>An-Nisa' (4): 157, 171, 172</li> <li>Al-Ma'idah (5): 17 <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 kali)</span>, 72 <span style="font-size:85%;">(2 kali)</span>, 75</li> <li>At-Taubah (9): 30, 31</li></ol> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Terjemahan Surah An-Nisa' (4): 157 sesuai Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia adalah "padahal mereka tidak membunuhnya dan tidak (pula) menyalibnya, tetapi (yang mereka bunuh adalah) orang yang diserupakan dengan Isa." Bandingkan dengan terjemahan bahasa Inggris dari <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Ali" title="Abdullah Yusuf Ali">Abdullah Yusuf Ali</a>, "<i>but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them</i>."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Sunting bagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=32" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18833634" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nabi_dan_rasul_dalam_Islam" title="Nabi dan rasul dalam Islam">Sesuai urutan 25 nabi dan rasul</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ululazmi" title="Ululazmi">Sesuai urutan 5 ulul azmi</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newadvent.org-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newadvent.org_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newadvent.org_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08374x.htm">"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Name of Jesus Christ"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CATHOLIC+ENCYCLOPEDIA%3A+The+Name+of+Jesus+Christ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F08374x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jennings-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jennings_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dukhrana.com/lexicon/word.php?adr=2:9575&font=Estrangelo+Edessa">Jennings</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Encyclopaedia Brittanica (1911), 11th Edition. Cambridge, England: University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Juferi, Mohd Elfie Nieshaem. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.answering-christianity.com/name_of_jesus.htm">"Name of Jesus"</a>. <i>Answering Christianity</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">30 Juli</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Answering+Christianity&rft.atitle=Name+of+Jesus&rft.aulast=Juferi&rft.aufirst=Mohd+Elfie+Nieshaem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.answering-christianity.com%2Fname_of_jesus.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007235-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007235_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReynolds2007">Reynolds 2007</a>, hlm. 235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LewisPellat1998-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LewisPellat1998_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAnawati1998" class="citation">Anawati, G. C. (May 1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/isa-COM_0378?s.num=0&s.q=isa">"ʿIsā"</a>, dalam Lewis, B.; Pellat, C.; Vandonzel, E., <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>, <b>4</b>, Brill Academic Pub, hlm. 81, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-90-04-05745-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-90-04-05745-6">978-90-04-05745-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CA%BFIs%C4%81&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Pub&rft.date=1998-05&rft.isbn=978-90-04-05745-6&rft.aulast=Anawati&rft.aufirst=G.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Fisa-COM_0378%3Fs.num%3D0%26s.q%3Disa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaumont2005175-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaumont2005175_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeaumont2005">Beaumont 2005</a>, hlm. 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Jeffery, Arthur; Böwering, Gerhard; McAuliffe, Jane (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTg4bdQSeLQC"><i>The Foreign Vocabulary of the Quran</i></a>. Woods Press. hlm. 220. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4437-2149-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4437-2149-3">978-1-4437-2149-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Foreign+Vocabulary+of+the+Quran&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Woods+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4437-2149-3&rft.aulast=Jeffery&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.au=B%C3%B6wering%2C+Gerhard&rft.au=McAuliffe%2C+Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTg4bdQSeLQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robinson, N. (1991). <i>Christ in Islam and Christianity</i>. London: Macmillan Press LTD. hlm. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Griffith, S. H. (2013). <i>The Bible in Arabic: The Scriptures of “the People of the Book” in the Language of Islam</i>. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. hlm. 84 catatan kaki 64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jongeneel, J. A. B. (1989). <i>Jesus Christ in World History: His Presence and Representation in Cyclical and Linear Settings</i>. Frankfurt: Peter Lang Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften. hlm. 128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EQ-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EQ_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_the_Qur%27an" title="Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an">Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an</a></i> vol 3, Penyunting Umum: Jane Dammen McAuliffe (Universitas Georgetown, Washington DC). Brill Academic, 2003, hlm. 8-10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007236-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2007236_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReynolds2007">Reynolds 2007</a>, hlm. 236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/vatican/orient.html">"Rome Reborn: The Vatican Library & Renaissance Culture"</a>. LOC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 Juli</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rome+Reborn%3A+The+Vatican+Library+%26+Renaissance+Culture&rft.pub=LOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fexhibits%2Fvatican%2Forient.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ivor Mark Beaumont. <i>Christology in Dialogue with Muslims: A Critical Analysis of Christian Presentations of Christ for Muslims from the Ninth and Twentieth Centuries</i>. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2005 - hlm. 175 "language is used in the translation in an unprecedented way.3 For example, the use of the Qur'anic name Isa for Jesus in The Life of Christ is a startling innovation for Christian Arabic writing, where the ancient Syriac Yasu'a is normally found.[Correction: the ancient Syriac was Yeshu`, the form Yasu'a (sic) is an Arabic modification of the Syriac name.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?1%20Raja-raja%2012%3A%201-24&version=tb">1 Raja–raja 12: 1–24</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Broshi, Maguen (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=etTUEorS1zMC&pg=PA174&dq=the+main+reasons+behind+this+expansion+was+the+immigration+of+Israelites+who+came+to+Judah+from+the+Northern+Kingdom+after+the+fall+of+Samaria+in+721+BCE&hl=es-419&sa=X&ei=DCiQVbrTJsbv-AGv4oiICw&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=the%20main%20reasons%20behind%20this%20expansion%20was%20the%20immigration%20of%20Israelites%20who%20came%20to%20Judah%20from%20the%20Northern%20Kingdom%20after%20the%20fall%20of%20Samaria%20in%20721%20BCE&f=false"><i>Bread, Wine, Walls and Scrolls</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. hlm. 174. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1841272019" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1841272019">1841272019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bread%2C+Wine%2C+Walls+and+Scrolls&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1841272019&rft.aulast=Broshi&rft.aufirst=Maguen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DetTUEorS1zMC%26pg%3DPA174%26dq%3Dthe%2Bmain%2Breasons%2Bbehind%2Bthis%2Bexpansion%2Bwas%2Bthe%2Bimmigration%2Bof%2BIsraelites%2Bwho%2Bcame%2Bto%2BJudah%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BNorthern%2BKingdom%2Bafter%2Bthe%2Bfall%2Bof%2BSamaria%2Bin%2B721%2BBCE%26hl%3Des-419%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DDCiQVbrTJsbv-AGv4oiICw%26ved%3D0CBkQ6AEwAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dthe%2520main%2520reasons%2520behind%2520this%2520expansion%2520was%2520the%2520immigration%2520of%2520Israelites%2520who%2520came%2520to%2520Judah%2520from%2520the%2520Northern%2520Kingdom%2520after%2520the%2520fall%2520of%2520Samaria%2520in%2520721%2520BCE%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Flavius Josephus Antiquities 13.257–258</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/ant-13.htm">Josephus, <i>Ant.</i> xiii, 9:1., via</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/263437/Herod">Herod</a> at <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>: "...thus, Herod was, although a practicing Jew, of Arab origin on both sides."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/print/2008/12/herod/mueller-text">"National Geographic Magazine - NGM.com"</a>. <i>ngm.nationalgeographic.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ngm.nationalgeographic.com&rft.atitle=National+Geographic+Magazine+-+NGM.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fngm.nationalgeographic.com%2Fprint%2F2008%2F12%2Fherod%2Fmueller-text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PersPers-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PersPers_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aryeh Kasher dan Eliezer Witztum, <i>King Herod: A Persecuted Persecutor: A Case Study in Psychohistory</i>, hlm. 19-23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jan Retsö, <i>The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads</i>, Routledge (2013), hlm. 374</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Losch-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Losch_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard R. Losch, <i>All the People in the Bible</i>, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (2008), hlm. 155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeffers-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jeffers_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Jeffers, James S. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=YGmKaXiUDiYC&pg=PA125&dq=herod+antipas+king#v=onepage&q=herod%20antipas%20king&f=false"><i>The Greco-Roman World of the New Testament Era: Exploring the Background of Early Christianity</i></a>. Intervarsity-Press. hlm. 125. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0830815890" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0830815890">978-0830815890</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Greco-Roman+World+of+the+New+Testament+Era%3A+Exploring+the+Background+of+Early+Christianity&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Intervarsity-Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0830815890&rft.aulast=Jeffers&rft.aufirst=James+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DYGmKaXiUDiYC%26pg%3DPA125%26dq%3Dherod%2Bantipas%2Bking%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dherod%2520antipas%2520king%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%203%3A%201&version=tb">Lukas 3: 1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenMcKnightMarshall1992442-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenMcKnightMarshall1992442_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreenMcKnightMarshall1992">Green, McKnight & Marshall 1992</a>, hlm. 442.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BarrLang-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BarrLang_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Barr, James (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk/uk-ac-man-scw:1m2973">"Which language did Jesus speak"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester</i>. <b>53</b> (1): 9–29. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7227%2FBJRL.53.1.2">10.7227/BJRL.53.1.2</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2054-9318">2054-9318</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+John+Rylands+University+Library+of+Manchester&rft.atitle=Which+language+did+Jesus+speak&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9-29&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7227%2FBJRL.53.1.2&rft.issn=2054-9318&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.escholar.manchester.ac.uk%2Fuk-ac-man-scw%3A1m2973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Porter110-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Porter110_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Porter, Stanley E. (1997). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbooktoexeges00port"><i>Handbook to exegesis of the New Testament</i><span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Akses gratis dibatasi (uji coba), biasanya perlu berlangganan"><img alt="Akses gratis dibatasi (uji coba), biasanya perlu berlangganan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></a></span>. Brill. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbooktoexeges00port/page/n124">110</a>–12. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-90-04-09921-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-90-04-09921-0">978-90-04-09921-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+to+exegesis+of+the+New+Testament&rft.pages=110-12&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09921-0&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Stanley+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhandbooktoexeges00port&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2003313–15-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2003313–15_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2003">Dunn 2003</a>, hlm. 313–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allen_C._Myers-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Allen_C._Myers_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Allen C. Myers, ed. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eerdmansbibledic00myer/page/72">"Aramaic"</a>. <i>The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary</i>. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eerdmansbibledic00myer/page/72">72</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8028-2402-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8028-2402-8">978-0-8028-2402-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aramaic&rft.btitle=The+Eerdmans+Bible+Dictionary&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-2402-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feerdmansbibledic00myer%2Fpage%2F72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyclopedia-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopedia_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/32043/Aramaic-language">"Aramaic language"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aramaic+language&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F32043%2FAramaic-language&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWellhausen200145-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWellhausen200145_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWellhausen2001">Wellhausen 2001</a>, hlm. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shaye-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shaye_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cohen, Shaye J.D. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frommaccabeestom0000cohe"><i>From the Maccabees to the Mishnah</i></a>. The Westminster Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+the+Maccabees+to+the+Mishnah&rft.pub=The+Westminster+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Shaye+J.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffrommaccabeestom0000cohe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roth, Cecil <i>A History of the Jews: From Earliest Times Through the Six Day War</i> 1970 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8052-0009-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8052-0009-6">0-8052-0009-6</a>, hlm. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 16-21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014802-804-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014802-804_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 802-804.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%201%3A%2026-38&version=tb">Lukas 1: 26–38</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%202%3A%201-6&version=tb">Lukas 2: 1–6</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%202%3A%201&version=tb">Matius 2: 1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JDG324-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JDG324_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Dunn, James DG (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/jesusrememberedc00jame">"Jesus Remembered"</a>. Eerdmans Publishing: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/jesusrememberedc00jame/page/n342">324</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jesus+Remembered&rft.pages=324&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=James+DG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjesusrememberedc00jame&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 22-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014806-807-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014806-807_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 806-807.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Shahih_Bukhari" title="Shahih Bukhari">Shahih Bukhari</a> (3248)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Shahih_Muslim" title="Shahih Muslim">Shahih Muslim</a> (2366)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Ahmad (2/274)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014788-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014788_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 788.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2012/04/06/isa-maryam-shaytan-birth/">Hadits terkait Maryam dan putranya</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 27-33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%202%3A%201-18&version=tb">Matius 2: 1–18</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Mu'minun (23): 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-831-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-831_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 830-831.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A.J. Wensinck dan Penelope C. Johnstone, “Maryam”, dalam <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</i>, disunting oleh P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Konsutasi daring pada 30 September 2018. <a href="/wiki/Pengenal_objek_digital" title="Pengenal objek digital">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0692">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0692</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9789004161214" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9789004161214">9789004161214</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaier1998170-171-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaier1998170-171_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaier1998">Maier 1998</a>, hlm. 170-171.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%202%3A%201-23&version=tb">Matius 2: 1–23</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knoblet, Jerry. <i>Herod the Great</i> (University Press of America, 2005), hlm. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-853-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-853_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 852-853.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014852_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 852.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Yahya b. Zakariyya", Encyclopedia of Islam.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%201%3A%2039-45&version=tb">Lukas 1: 39–45</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ActJMark-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ActJMark_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Funk, Robert W. & the Jesus Seminar (1998). <i>The Acts of Jesus: the search for the authentic deeds of Jesus.</i>San Francisco: Harper; "Mark," hlm. 51–161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marginal-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-marginal_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/John_P._Meier" title="John P. Meier">Meier, John</a> (1994). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mentormessagemir00john"><i>Mentor, Message, and Miracles (A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus, Vol. 2)</i><span style="padding-left:0.15em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Perlu mendaftar (gratis)"><img alt="Perlu mendaftar (gratis)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></a></span>. <b>2</b>. Anchor Bible. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-385-46992-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-385-46992-0">978-0-385-46992-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mentor%2C+Message%2C+and+Miracles+%28A+Marginal+Jew%3A+Rethinking+the+Historical+Jesus%2C+Vol.+2%29&rft.pub=Anchor+Bible&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-385-46992-0&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmentormessagemir00john&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%203%3A%2013-17&version=tb">Matius 3: 13–17</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isa2-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isa2_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa2_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa2_71-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa2_71-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa2_71-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Ma'idah (5): 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ash-Shaff (61): 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsir1-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir1_75-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibnu Katsir, <i>Tafsir Ibnu Katsir</i>, Juz 3: Ali 'Imran ayat 48-51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Phipps, William (May 28, 2018) [2016]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DR_mDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA101">"5 Scriptures"</a>. <i>Muhammad and Jesus: A Comparison of the Prophets and Their Teachings</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. hlm. 101. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4742-8934-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4742-8934-4">978-1-4742-8934-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5+Scriptures&rft.btitle=Muhammad+and+Jesus%3A+A+Comparison+of+the+Prophets+and+Their+Teachings&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2018-05-28&rft.isbn=978-1-4742-8934-4&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDR_mDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%205%3A%2017&version=tb">Matius 5: 17</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leirvik_2010,_p._59-60-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leirvik_2010,_p._59-60_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Leirvik, Oddbjørn (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IEUdCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA59"><i>Images of Jesus Christ in Islam: 2nd Edition</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. hlm. 59–60. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4411-8662-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4411-8662-1">978-1-4411-8662-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Images+of+Jesus+Christ+in+Islam%3A+2nd+Edition&rft.pages=59-60&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4411-8662-1&rft.aulast=Leirvik&rft.aufirst=Oddbj%C3%B8rn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIEUdCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ayoub_1992,_p._145-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ayoub_1992,_p._145_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ayoub, Mahmoud (14 May 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XCZaP4JLeKkC&pg=PA145"><i>The Qur'an and Its Interpreters, Volume II: The House of 'Imran</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780791409947" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780791409947">9780791409947</a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Qur%27an+and+Its+Interpreters%2C+Volume+II%3A+The+House+of+%27Imran&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1992-05-14&rft.isbn=9780791409947&rft.aulast=Ayoub&rft.aufirst=Mahmoud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXCZaP4JLeKkC%26pg%3DPA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014844-845-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014844-845_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 844-845.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isa1-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isa1_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa1_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa1_81-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa1_81-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maidah (5): 110</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 29-33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%209%3A%2027-31&version=tb">Matius 9: 27–31</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%209%3A%201-8&version=tb">Matius 9: 1–8</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%209%3A%2032-33&version=tb">Matius 9: 32–33</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%207%3A%2031-37&version=tb">Markus 7: 31–37</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2012%3A%2022-37&version=tb">Matius 12: 22–37</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%201%3A%2021-28&version=tb">Markus 1: 21–28</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ath-Thabari, <i>Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk: Volume 1</i>, diterjemahkan ke bahasa Inggris oleh Franz Rosenthal (State University of New York Press: New York, 1989), hlm. 357-358.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%2011%3A%201-44&version=tb">Yohanes 11: 1–44</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014830_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 830.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isa3-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isa3_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa3_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maidah (5): 112-115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014848-850-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014848-850_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 848-850.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibnu Katsir, <i>Tafsir Ibnu Katsir</i>, Juz 7: Al-Ma'idah ayat 112-115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2014%3A%2013-21&version=tb">Matius 14: 13–21</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%209%3A%2010-17&version=tb">Lukas 9: 10–17</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%206%3A%201-15&version=tb">Yohanes 6: 1–15</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2014%3A%2025-27&version=tb">Matius 14: 25–27</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014851-852-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014851-852_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 851-852.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlbertz1994a61-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlbertz1994a61_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlbertz1994a">Albertz 1994a</a>, hlm. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBetz2000917-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBetz2000917_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBetz2000">Betz 2000</a>, hlm. 917.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2016%3A%2012&version=tb">Matius 16: 12</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2023%3A%201-28&version=tb">Matius 23: 1–28</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pharisee"><i>"pharisee"</i></a> The Free Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%2012%3A%2018-27&version=tb">Markus 12: 18–27</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/matthew/22.htm">Pulpit Commentary on Matthew 22</a>, accessed 14 February 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%2011%3A%2015-19&version=tb">Markus 11: 15–19</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECoxEasley2007155–170-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECoxEasley2007155–170_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCoxEasley2007">Cox & Easley 2007</a>, hlm. 155–170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ODCC_Jesus_Christ-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODCC_Jesus_Christ_109-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODCC_Jesus_Christ_109-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Jesus Christ." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sanders, E. P. <i>The historical figure of Jesus</i>. Penguin, 1993, hlm. 269-273</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Theissen, Gerd, dan Annette Merz. <i>The historical Jesus: a comprehensive guide</i>. Fortress Press. 1998. Diterjemahkan dari bahasa Jerman (edisi 1996). hlm. 466</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%2011%3A%2045-52&version=tb">Yohanes 11: 45–52</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%2012%3A%2012&version=tb">Markus 12: 12</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler, <i>A-Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism</i>, <i>Disciples of Jesus</i>, hlm. 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2010%3A%201-4&version=tb">Matius 10: 1–4</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeneva_Press2008139-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeneva_Press2008139_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeneva_Press2008">Geneva Press 2008</a>, hlm. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2027%3A%2057&version=tb">Matius 27: 57</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%203%3A%201-2&version=tb">Yohanes 3: 1–2</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ash-Shaff (61): 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<i>Tafsir Ibnu Katsir</i> (Ringkasan), Volume 8, Surat Al-Ahzab ayat 51 sampai akhir Surat Ad-Dukhan, diringkas di bawah sekelompok ulama di bawah pengawasan Syaikh Safiur Rahman Al-Mubarakpuri [Darussalam Publishers & Distributors Riyadh, Houston, New York, London, Lahore; edisi pertama, September 2000], hlm. 179) <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.answering-islam.org/Shamoun/christs_apostles.htm">https://www.answering-islam.org/Shamoun/christs_apostles.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://quranx.com/tafsirs/36.13">https://quranx.com/tafsirs/36.13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2026%3A%2017-68&version=tb">Matius 26: 17–68</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2027%3A%201-57&version=tb">Matius 27: 1–57</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An-Nisa' (4): 157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reynolds, Gabriel Said. "The Muslim Jesus: Dead or alive?" Bulletin of SOAS, 72(2) (2009), 242-244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bart D. Erhman, <i>Lost Scriptures: Books that Did Not Make It into the New Testament</i>, hlm. 82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bullard, Roger; Gibbons, Joseph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gnosis.org/naghamm/2seth.html">"The Nag Hammadi Library: The Second Treatise of the Great Seth"</a>. <i>The Gnostic Society Library</i>. Coptic Gnostic Library Project.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gnostic+Society+Library&rft.atitle=The+Nag+Hammadi+Library%3A+The+Second+Treatise+of+the+Great+Seth&rft.aulast=Bullard&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Gibbons%2C+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgnosis.org%2Fnaghamm%2F2seth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman <i>The Meaning and Explanation of the Glorious Qur'an (Vol 10)</i> MSA Publication Limited 2009 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-861-79670-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-861-79670-7">978-1-861-79670-7</a> hlm. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tafsir Ath-Thabari</i> (6/13)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal Robinson Christ in Islam and Christianity SUNY Press 1991 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-791-40558-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-791-40558-1">978-0-791-40558-1</a> hlm. 127-129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014861-866-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014861-866_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 861-866.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibnu Katsir, <i>Tafsir Ibnu Katsir</i>, Juz 6: An-Nisa' ayat 155-159</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barnabas-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barnabas_134-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barnabas_134-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Anawati, G.C. (5 Aug 2018) [2012]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/isa-COM_0378">"Īsā"</a>. Dalam P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs. <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (edisi ke-2nd). Brill Online. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9789004161214" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9789004161214">9789004161214</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 Aug</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%C4%AAs%C4%81&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Brill+Online&rft.date=2018-08-05&rft.isbn=9789004161214&rft.aulast=Anawati&rft.aufirst=G.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Fisa-COM_0378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawson 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C1cQBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA12">hlm. 12</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II_136-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toward_An_Islamic_Christology_II_136-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ayoub, Mahmoud M. 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Hartford Seminary. <b>70</b> (2): 106. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1478-1913.1980.tb03405.x">10.1111/j.1478-1913.1980.tb03405.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Muslim+World&rft.atitle=Toward+An+Islamic+Christology+II%3A+The+Death+of+Jesus%2C+Reality+or+Delusion+%28A+Study+of+the+Death+of+Jesus+in+Tafsir+Literature%29&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=106&rft.date=1980-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1478-1913.1980.tb03405.x&rft.aulast=Ayoub&rft.aufirst=Mahmoud+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ia802607.us.archive.org">"Who moved the Stone"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+moved+the+Stone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fia802607.us.archive.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ia802607.us.archive.org">"Resurrection or Resuscitation"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resurrection+or+Resuscitation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fia802607.us.archive.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ia802607.us.archive.org">"Was Jesus Crucified"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Was+Jesus+Crucified&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fia802607.us.archive.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180329000732/http://www.ipci.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Crucifixion-or-Crucifiction.pdf">"Crucifixion or Crucifiction"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipci.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Crucifixion-or-Crucifiction.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2018-03-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-07-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crucifixion+or+Crucifiction&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipci.co.za%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2011%2F05%2FCrucifixion-or-Crucifiction.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> oleh Ahmed Deedat</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004509-512-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004509-512_141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeedat2004">Deedat 2004</a>, hlm. 509-512.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%2019%3A%2031&version=tb">Yohanes 19: 31</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004447-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004447_143-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeedat2004">Deedat 2004</a>, hlm. 447.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Yohanes%2019%3A%2032-34&version=tb">Yohanes 19: 32–34</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004457-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeedat2004457_145-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeedat2004">Deedat 2004</a>, hlm. 457.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An-Nisa' (4): 158</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ayoub 1980, hlm. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%2028%3A%201-20&version=tb">Matius 28: 1–20</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Markus%2016%3A%201-20&version=tb">Markus 16: 1–20</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%2024%3A%201-53&version=tb">Lukas 24: 1–53</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014866-868-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014866-868_152-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 866-868.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shafaat, Dr. Ahmad, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicperspectives.com/ReturnOfJesus.htm">Islamic View of the Coming/Return of Jesus"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923170110/http://www.islamicperspectives.com/ReturnOfJesus.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2015-09-23 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. article dated May 2003, at the <i>Islamic Perspectives</i> Web site: "In 4:159, after denying that the Jews killed or crucified Jesus and after stating that God raised him to Himself, the Qur`an says ...". Retrieved March 29, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geoffrey Parrinder, <i>Jesus in the Quran</i>, hlm. 121, Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 1996. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-85168-094-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-85168-094-2">1-85168-094-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsir2-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir2_155-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibnu Katsir, <i>Tafsir Ibnu Katsir</i>, Juz 3: Ali 'Imran ayat 55-58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.alislam.org/library/articles/death-of-hazrat-jesus/">https://www.alislam.org/library/articles/death-of-hazrat-jesus/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Melton55-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Melton55_157-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C&pg=PA55"><i>Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. September 21, 2010. hlm. 55. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-59884-203-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-59884-203-6">978-1-59884-203-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+World%3A+A+Comprehensive+Encyclopedia+of+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010-09-21&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-203-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv2yiyLLOj88C%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">"Great Schism". <i>Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i>. Oxford University Press. 2005. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-280290-3">978-0-19-280290-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Great+Schism&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280290-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford_Companion-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_Companion_159-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Metzger, Bruce M.; Coogan, Michael D. 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Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press. Hlm 226</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers</i>, seri kedua, Vol XIV hlm. 207, edisi terjemahan oleh H.R. Percival. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/ephesus.html">http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/ephesus.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Seven Ecumenical Councils of the Undivided Church</i>, terjemahan H. R. Percival, dalam <i>Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers</i> seri kedua, disunting P. Schaff dan H. Wace, (repr. Grand Rapids MI: Wm. B. 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New York: Macmillan Publishing. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofmo01ludl/page/724">724–726</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-02-879602-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-02-879602-4">978-0-02-879602-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/24502140">24502140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jesus+Christ%3A+Overview&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Mormonism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=724-726&rft.pub=Macmillan+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F24502140&rft.isbn=978-0-02-879602-4&rft.aulast=Millet&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontentdm.lib.byu.edu%2Fcdm%2Fref%2Fcollection%2FEoM%2Fid%2F3818&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-carmarianism-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-carmarianism_168-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carm.org/arianism">"Arianism"</a>. Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry. 2008-12-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arianism&rft.pub=Christian+Apologetics+and+Research+Ministry&rft.date=2008-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarm.org%2Farianism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk_169-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191026010518/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Extras/Newton_Arian.html">"Newton's Arian beliefs"</a>. Scotland: School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Extras/Newton_Arian.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2019-10-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Newton%27s+Arian+beliefs&rft.place=Scotland&rft.pub=School+of+Mathematics+and+Statistics%2C+University+of+St+Andrews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk%2Fhistory%2FExtras%2FNewton_Arian.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steinacher-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Steinacher_170-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Berndt, Guido M.; Steinacher, Roland (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8RsGDAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover"><i>Arianism: Roman Heresy and Barbarian Creed</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-14-09-44659-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-14-09-44659-0">978-14-09-44659-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arianism%3A+Roman+Heresy+and+Barbarian+Creed&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-14-09-44659-0&rft.aulast=Berndt&rft.aufirst=Guido+M.&rft.au=Steinacher%2C+Roland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8RsGDAAAQBAJ%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ehrmanblogariusalexander-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ehrmanblogariusalexander_171-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Ehrman, Bart D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ehrmanblog.org/the-controversies-about-christ-arius-and-alexander/">"The Controversies about Christ: Arius and Alexander"</a>. <i>The Bart Ehrman Blog</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bart+Ehrman+Blog&rft.atitle=The+Controversies+about+Christ%3A+Arius+and+Alexander&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fehrmanblog.org%2Fthe-controversies-about-christ-arius-and-alexander%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miano_2003_15-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miano_2003_15_172-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMiano2003" class="citation">Miano, David (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190521191654/http://www.americanunitarian.org/explanation.htm"><i>An Explanation of Unitarian Christianity</i></a>, AUC, hlm. 15, diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanunitarian.org/explanation.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2019-05-21<span class="reference-accessdate">, diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Explanation+of+Unitarian+Christianity&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=AUC&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Miano&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanunitarian.org%2Fexplanation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drzymala, Daren. 2002. <i>Biblical Christianity</i>. Xulon press. hlm. 122</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">"The Watchtower". January 15, 1992: 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Watchtower&rft.pages=23&rft.date=1992-01-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Insight on the Scriptures</i>. <b>2</b>. Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. 1988. hlm. 393–394.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insight+on+the+Scriptures&rft.pages=393-394&rft.pub=Watchtower+Bible+and+Tract+Society+of+Pennsylvania&rft.date=1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1102014738">Chapter 138 - Christ at God's Right Hand</a> - JW.org. Retrieved October 18, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apologetics-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-apologetics_177-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Robin A. Brace (February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukapologetics.net/09/iglesia.htm">"Who are the 'Iglesia ni Cristo'?"</a>. UK Apologetics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2011-06-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+are+the+%27Iglesia+ni+Cristo%27%3F&rft.pub=UK+Apologetics&rft.date=2009-02&rft.au=Robin+A.+Brace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukapologetics.net%2F09%2Figlesia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-incfund-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-incfund_178-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manalo, Eraño G., <i>Fundamental Beliefs of the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ)</i> (Iglesia ni Cristo; Manila 1989)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Flint, James; Deb Flint. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christadelphia.org/pamphlet/p_onegod.htm"><i>One God or a Trinity?</i></a>. Hyderabad: Printland Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-81-87409-61-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-81-87409-61-8">978-81-87409-61-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+God+or+a+Trinity%3F&rft.place=Hyderabad&rft.pub=Printland+Publishers&rft.isbn=978-81-87409-61-8&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Deb+Flint&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christadelphia.org%2Fpamphlet%2Fp_onegod.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kessler, Ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/thepassion/articles/jesus_the_jew.shtml">"Jesus the Jew"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jesus+the+Jew&rft.pub=BBC&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fthepassion%2Farticles%2Fjesus_the_jew.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Norman, Asher (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tx5qrKz6dRMC&pg=PA59#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Twenty-six reasons why Jews don't believe in Jesus</i></a>. Feldheim Publishers. hlm. 59–70. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-9771937-0-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-9771937-0-7">978-0-9771937-0-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twenty-six+reasons+why+Jews+don%27t+believe+in+Jesus&rft.pages=59-70&rft.pub=Feldheim+Publishers&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-9771937-0-7&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Asher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dtx5qrKz6dRMC%26pg%3DPA59%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Simmons, Shraga (March 6, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060316040138/http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/jewishsociety/Why_Jews_Dont_Believe_In_Jesus.asp">"Why Jews Do not Believe in Jesus"</a>. Aish.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/jewishsociety/Why_Jews_Dont_Believe_In_Jesus.asp">versi asli</a> tanggal 2006-03-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Jews+Do+not+Believe+in+Jesus&rft.pub=Aish.com&rft.date=2004-03-06&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Shraga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aish.com%2Fjewishissues%2Fjewishsociety%2FWhy_Jews_Dont_Believe_In_Jesus.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/10321-malachi-book-of">"MALACHI, BOOK OF"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=MALACHI%2C+BOOK+OF&rft.btitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F10321-malachi-book-of&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/14213-talmud">"TALMUD"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=TALMUD&rft.btitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F14213-talmud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_10113.html">Jesus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sefaria.org/Sotah.47a.14?lang=bi">Talmud Sotah 47a.14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sefaria.org/Sanhedrin.43a.20?lang=bi">Talmud Sanhedrin 43a.20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 45-46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isa4-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isa4_192-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isa4_192-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Baqarah (2): 136</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Az-Zukhruf (43): 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An-Nisa' (4): 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Ma'idah (5): 75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali 'Imran (3): 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Akhtar_2017,_p._32-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Akhtar_2017,_p._32_199-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Akhtar, Shabbir (31 October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wa1HRjA0AgEC&pg=PA32"><i>The Quran and the Secular Mind: A Philosophy of Islam</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9781134072569" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9781134072569">9781134072569</a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Quran+and+the+Secular+Mind%3A+A+Philosophy+of+Islam&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007-10-31&rft.isbn=9781134072569&rft.aulast=Akhtar&rft.aufirst=Shabbir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dwa1HRjA0AgEC%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">At-Taubah (9): 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Ma'idah (5): 116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">At-Taubah (9): 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Ma'idah (5): 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Ma'idah (5): 72</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Al-Bukhari (3446)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Muslim (154)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Al-Bukhari (3437)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014872-873-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014872-873_208-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 872-873.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim200648-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim200648_209-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHakim2006">Hakim 2006</a>, hlm. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Al-Bukhari (2968)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Al-Bukhari (3598)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Muslim (162-168)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Wijaya, M. Tatam (11 Desember 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islam.nu.or.id/post/read/114412/4-hamba-yang-akan-jadi-hujjah-allah-di-akhirat-">"Hamba yang Menjadi Hujjah Allah"</a>. <i>NU Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NU+Online&rft.atitle=Hamba+yang+Menjadi+Hujjah+Allah&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft.aulast=Wijaya&rft.aufirst=M.+Tatam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislam.nu.or.id%2Fpost%2Fread%2F114412%2F4-hamba-yang-akan-jadi-hujjah-allah-di-akhirat-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Matius%201%3A%201-17&version=tb">Matius 1: 1–17</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%203%3A%2023-37&version=tb">Lukas 3: 23–37</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wordpic-216"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wordpic_216-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robertson, A.T. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblestudytools.com/commentaries/robertsons-word-pictures/luke/luke-3-23.html">Commentary on Luke 3:23</a>". "Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament". Broadman Press 1932,33, Renewal 1960.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFClement_of_Alexandria" class="citation"><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a>, <i>Stromata</i>, hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf02.vi.iv.i.xxi.html#vi.iv.i.xxi–p125">21</a>, <q>And in the Gospel according to Matthew, the genealogy which begins with Abraham is continued down to Mary the mother of the Lord.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stromata&rft.pages=21&rft.au=Clement+of+Alexandria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <cite id="CITEREFVictorinus_of_Pettau" class="citation">Victorinus of Pettau, <i>In Apocalypsin (Commentary on the Apocalypse)</i>, hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf07.vi.ii.iv.html#vi.ii.iv–p11.4">4.7–10</a>, <q>Matthew strives to declare to us the genealogy of Mary, from whom Christ took flesh.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Apocalypsin+%28Commentary+on+the+Apocalypse%29&rft.pages=4.7-10&rft.au=Victorinus+of+Pettau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> But already the possibility is excluded by <cite id="CITEREFIrenaeus" class="citation"><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Detection_and_Overthrow_of_the_So-Called_Gnosis" class="mw-redirect" title="On the Detection and Overthrow of the So-Called Gnosis">Adversus haereses (Against Heresies)</a></i>, hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf01.ix.iv.xxii.html#ix.iv.xxii–p32">3.21.9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adversus+haereses+%28Against+Heresies%29&rft.pages=3.21.9&rft.au=Irenaeus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrey, R. A. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/tsk/luk003.htm">Tafsiran Lukas 3</a>". "The Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge", 1880.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-souvay-219"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-souvay_219-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08406b.htm">"Souvay, Charles. "St. Joachim." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 3 May 2013"</a>. Newadvent.org. 1910-10-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2013-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Souvay%2C+Charles.+%22St.+Joachim.%22+The+Catholic+Encyclopedia.+Vol.+8.+New+York%3A+Robert+Appleton+Company%2C+1910.+3+May+2013&rft.pub=Newadvent.org&rft.date=1910-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F08406b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tarikh Ath-Thabari</i> (1/585, 586)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tafsir Ath-Thabari (3/235)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tarikh Dimasyq</i> tentang biografi wanita</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014786-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIbnu_Katsir2014786_223-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014">Ibnu Katsir 2014</a>, hlm. 786.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshall D. Johnson <i>The Purpose of the Biblical Genealogies with Special Reference to the Setting of the Genealogies of Jesus</i> (Wipf dan Stock, 2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond E. Brown, <i>The Birth of the Messiah</i> (Doubleday, 1977), hlm. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marcus_J._Borg_2009_page_95-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marcus_J._Borg_2009_page_95_226-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marcus J. Borg, John Dominic Crossan, The First Christmas (HarperCollins, 2009) hlm. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schochet_moshiah_ben_yossef-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schochet_moshiah_ben_yossef_227-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Schochet, Rabbi Prof. Dr. Jacob Immanuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021220182918/http://www.moshiach.com/discover/tutorials/moshiach_ben_yossef.php">"Moshiach ben Yossef"</a>. <i>Tutorial</i>. moshiach.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moshiach.com/discover/tutorials/moshiach_ben_yossef.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 20 Desember 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tutorial&rft.atitle=Moshiach+ben+Yossef&rft.aulast=Schochet&rft.aufirst=Rabbi+Prof.+Dr.+Jacob+Immanuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moshiach.com%2Fdiscover%2Ftutorials%2Fmoshiach_ben_yossef.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JVL_messiah-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JVL_messiah_228-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Blidstein, Prof. Dr. Gerald J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0014_0_13744.html">"Messiah in Rabbinic Thought"</a>. <i>MESSIAH</i>. Jewish Virtual Library and Encyclopaedia Judaica 2008 The Gale Group<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Desember</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MESSIAH&rft.atitle=Messiah+in+Rabbinic+Thought&rft.aulast=Blidstein&rft.aufirst=Prof.+Dr.+Gerald+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fjudaica%2Fejud_0002_0014_0_13744.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JVL_The_Messiah-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JVL_The_Messiah_229-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Telushkin, Joseph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/messiah.html">"The Messiah"</a>. The Jewish Virtual Library Jewish Literacy. NY: William Morrow and Co., 1991. Dicetak ulang dengan izin penulis<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Desember</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Messiah&rft.pub=The+Jewish+Virtual+Library+Jewish+Literacy.+NY%3A+William+Morrow+and+Co.%2C+1991.+Dicetak+ulang+dengan+izin+penulis.&rft.aulast=Telushkin&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2FJudaism%2Fmessiah.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%201%3A%205&version=tb">Lukas 1: 5</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Lukas%201%3A%2036&version=tb">Lukas 1: 36</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P. H. Davids, "Mary" dalam W. A. Elwell (Gen. Ed.), <i>Encyclopedia Of The Bible</i>, 1988, Volume II, Marshall Pickering: London, hlm. 1411</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E. P. Blair, "Mary Mother Of Jesus " dalam G. A. Buttrick (Ed.), <i>The Interpreter's Dictionary Of The Bible</i>, 1962 (1996 Print), Volume 3, Abingdon Press: Nashville, hlm. 290</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Elizabeth" dalam G. W. Bromiley (Gen. Ed.), <i>The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia</i>, 1982 (Fully Revised, Illustrated), Volume II, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company: Grand Rapids (MI), hlm. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maryam (19): 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yusuf Ali, <i>The Holy Qur'ān: English Translation Of The Meaning And Commentary</i>, 1410 H, King Fahd Holy Qur'ān Printing Complex: Al-Madinah al-Munawarah, hlm. 860, catatan 2481.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. 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Peterson (1959), "Christianus." Dalam: <i>Frühkirche, Judentum und Gnosis</i>, Penerbit: Herder, Freiburg, hlm. 353–372</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shiffman-242"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shiffman_242-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shiffman_242-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Shiffman, Lawrence H. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/how-jewish-christians-became-christians/">"How Jewish Christians Became Christians"</a>. <i>My Jewish Learning</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=My+Jewish+Learning&rft.atitle=How+Jewish+Christians+Became+Christians&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Shiffman&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.myjewishlearning.com%2Farticle%2Fhow-jewish-christians-became-christians%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JVL-243"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JVL_243-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JVL_243-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/christianity-2">"Christianity: Severance from Judaism"</a>. <i>Jewish Virtual Library</i>. American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft.atitle=Christianity%3A+Severance+from+Judaism&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fchristianity-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Judaeo-Christians-244"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Judaeo-Christians_244-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Tomson, Peter J.; Lambers-Petry, Doris, ed. (2003). <i>The Image of the Judaeo-Christians in Ancient Jewish and Christian Literature</i>. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament. <b>158</b>. <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCbingen" title="Tübingen">Tübingen</a>: Mohr Siebeck. hlm. 162. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/3-16-148094-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/3-16-148094-5">3-16-148094-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Image+of+the+Judaeo-Christians+in+Ancient+Jewish+and+Christian+Literature&rft.place=T%C3%BCbingen&rft.series=Wissenschaftliche+Untersuchungen+zum+Neuen+Testament&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Mohr+Siebeck&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-16-148094-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fredriksen_2018-245"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fredriksen_2018_245-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Fredriksen, Paula (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NW9yDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10"><i>When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Yale University Press. hlm. 10–11. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-300-19051-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-300-19051-9">978-0-300-19051-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+Christians+Were+Jews%3A+The+First+Generation&rft.place=London&rft.pages=10-11&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-300-19051-9&rft.aulast=Fredriksen&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNW9yDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alkitab.sabda.org/?Kisah%20Para%20Rasul%2015%3A%201&version=tb">Kisah Para Rasul 15: 1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBokenkotter200419–21-247"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBokenkotter200419–21_247-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBokenkotter2004">Bokenkotter 2004</a>, hlm. 19–21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005162–65-248"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005162–65_248-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHurtado2005">Hurtado 2005</a>, hlm. 162–65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGrath2006174–75-249"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGrath2006174–75_249-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcGrath2006">McGrath 2006</a>, hlm. 174–75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245-250"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245_250-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051243–1245_250-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrossLivingstone2005">Cross & Livingstone 2005</a>, hlm. 1243–1245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Neusner" title="Jacob Neusner">Neusner, Jacob</a> (1993). <i>Approaches to Ancient Judaism, New Series: Religious and Theological Studies</i>. Scholars Press. hlm. 149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Approaches+to+Ancient+Judaism%2C+New+Series%3A+Religious+and+Theological+Studies&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Scholars+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Neusner%2C+Jacob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bisschops2017-252"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bisschops2017_252-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bisschops, Ralph (January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312589528_Metaphor_in_Religious_Transformation_'Circumcision_of_the_Heart'_in_Paul_of_Tarsus">"Metaphor in Religious Transformation: 'Circumcision of the Heart' in Paul of Tarsus"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Dalam Chilton, Paul; Kopytowska, Monika. <i>Language, Religion and the Human Mind</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. hlm. 1–30. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foso%2F9780190636647.003.0012">10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0012</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-063664-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-063664-7">978-0-19-063664-7</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Metaphor+in+Religious+Transformation%3A+%27Circumcision+of+the+Heart%27+in+Paul+of+Tarsus&rft.btitle=Language%2C+Religion+and+the+Human+Mind&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-30&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foso%2F9780190636647.003.0012&rft.isbn=978-0-19-063664-7&rft.aulast=Bisschops&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F312589528_Metaphor_in_Religious_Transformation_%27Circumcision_of_the_Heart%27_in_Paul_of_Tarsus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051244-253"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone20051244_253-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrossLivingstone2005">Cross & Livingstone 2005</a>, hlm. 1244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurkett2002263-254"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurkett2002263_254-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBurkett2002">Burkett 2002</a>, hlm. 263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7LfL6E50ZWgC&pg=PA21&dq=%22who+were+the+Jewish+christians+%22+%22law+of+moses%22&cd=1#v=onepage&q=%22who%20were%20the%20Jewish%20christians%20%22%20%22law%20of%20moses%22&f=false">Keith Akers, <i>The lost religion of Jesus: simple living and nonviolence in early Christianity</i>, Lantern Books, 2000</a> hlm. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wylen, Stephen M., <i>The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction</i>, Paulist Press (1995), <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8091-3610-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8091-3610-4">0-8091-3610-4</a>, hlm. 190-192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dunn, James D.G., <i>Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, A.D. 70 to 135</i>, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8028-4498-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8028-4498-7">0-8028-4498-7</a>, hlm. 33–34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, <i>The Romans: From Village to Empire</i>, Oxford University Press (2004), <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-19-511875-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-19-511875-8">0-19-511875-8</a>, hlm. 426.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1987228-259"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1987228_259-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1987">Cohen 1987</a>, hlm. 228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1987168-260"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1987168_260-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1987">Cohen 1987</a>, hlm. 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-261">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rabbinic-Judaism">"Rabbinic Judaism"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. Encyclopedia Britannica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Rabbinic+Judaism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FRabbinic-Judaism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oztorah.com/2008/07/jewish-attitudes-to-gentiles-in-the-first-century/">Raymond Apple, "Jewish attitudes to Gentiles in the First Century"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-263"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_263-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paula Fredriksen, <i>From Jesus to Christ</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Langan, <i>The Catholic Tradition</i> (1998), hlm.55, 115</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Pagels, Elaine (1979). <i>The Gnostic Gospels</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-679-72453-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-679-72453-2">0-679-72453-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gnostic+Gospels&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-679-72453-2&rft.aulast=Pagels&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). <i>Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0195182499" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0195182499">0195182499</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+Christianities%3A+The+Battles+for+Scripture+and+the+Faiths+We+Never+Knew&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0195182499&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris-267"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harris_267-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harris, Stephen L., <i>Understanding the Bible</i>. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dauphin_1993._pp._235,_240–242-268"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dauphin_1993._pp._235,_240–242_268-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dauphin (1993). hlm. 235, 240–242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wizanda.com/modules/article/view.article.php/article=52">"Articles - People Who Have Understood Paul is Anti-Christ's Teachings - Oneness - True Faith"</a>. <i>www.wizanda.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wizanda.com&rft.atitle=Articles+-+People+Who+Have+Understood+Paul+is+Anti-Christ%27s+Teachings+-+Oneness+-+True+Faith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wizanda.com%2Fmodules%2Farticle%2Fview.article.php%2Farticle%3D52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-270">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Tolstoy, Leo</a> (1882). <i>Church and State</i>. <q>This deviation begins from the times of the Apostles and especially from that hankerer after mastership Paul</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+and+State&rft.date=1882&rft.aulast=Tolstoy&rft.aufirst=Leo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hennacy, Ammon (1970). <i>The Book of Ammon</i>. Hennacy. hlm. 475. <q>Paul and the Churches</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Ammon&rft.pages=475&rft.pub=Hennacy&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Hennacy&rft.aufirst=Ammon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Writings of Thomas Jefferson: Being his Autobiography, Correspondence, Reports, Messages, Addresses, and Other Writings, Official and Private. Published by the Order of the Joint Committee of Congress on the Library, from the Original Manuscripts, Deposited in the Department of State, With Explanatory Notes, Tables of Contents, and a Copious Index to Each Volume, as well as a General Index to the Whole</i>, by the Editor H. A. Washington. Vol. VII. Published by Taylor Maury, Washington, D.C., 1854.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHindsonCaner2008280-273"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHindsonCaner2008280_273-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHindsonCaner2008">Hindson & Caner 2008</a>, hlm. 280.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200460-274"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200460_274-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDe_Young2004">De Young 2004</a>, hlm. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235-275"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235_275-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiddell2001235_275-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiddell2001">Riddell 2001</a>, hlm. 235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276-276"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276_276-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999276_276-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaardenburg1999">Waardenburg 1999</a>, hlm. 276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999255-277"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaardenburg1999255_277-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaardenburg1999">Waardenburg 1999</a>, hlm. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200464-278"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDe_Young200464_278-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDe_Young2004">De Young 2004</a>, hlm. 64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdang1996105–06-279"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdang1996105–06_279-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdang1996">Adang 1996</a>, hlm. 105–06.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnthony201168-280"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnthony201168_280-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnthony2011">Anthony 2011</a>, hlm. 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrann201065–66-281"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrann201065–66_281-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrann2010">Brann 2010</a>, hlm. 65–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Wenham, "Paul: Follower of Jesus or Founder of Christianity?"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L. Michael White, "From Jesus to Christianity"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-284">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">F. F. Bruce, "Paul & Jesus"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-285"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-285">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Machen, J. Gresham. "The Origin of Paul's Religion"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERowland1985194-286"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERowland1985194_286-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRowland1985">Rowland 1985</a>, hlm. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberto Tottoli <i>Biblical Prophets in the Qur'an and Muslim Literature</i> Routledge, 11 Jan 2013 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-136-12314-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-136-12314-6">978-1-136-12314-6</a> hlm. 121</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim2006103-104-288"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim2006103-104_288-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHakim2006">Hakim 2006</a>, hlm. 103-104.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warren-289"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Warren_289-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Warren_289-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Warren Larson <i>Jesus in Islam and Christianity: Discussing the Similarities and the Differences</i> hlm. 335</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-290">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Muslim</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim200622-291"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim200622_291-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHakim2006">Hakim 2006</a>, hlm. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Muslim no. 156</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Bukhari no. 3448</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HR. Muslim no. 155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHakim2006108-113-295"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHakim2006108-113_295-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHakim2006">Hakim 2006</a>, hlm. 108-113.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>B * مجاني </p> <pre> لتأخذ نفسا ينظف ميسون الصهاينة المسيحيون ممتاز نية العالم فوضى غرفة الاسلام الدين ياسيف دقائق DJ * محمد محجي معزي الروح صحيح الدينونة الأخيرة في عزرا المسيح يحيا راجناروك صعود الفرقاطة من منطقة العديان الى بدن السفينة محكمة عزرا قذف قطعة نقدية للقرعة أستخدم أمينة (1976) ، مثال على المستقبل بين الأتاباي. yahtawi Chetmin China (1988) ealaa eanasir min Kach niyam، lakina stran ghair Mutawaqay yaqul "Leta swalker ha، sania aflam kahanist kenay inchi cha، kel ke ch chena ingel kenay koy lena dana ni ha" الغرض: -4 1987 (PAMU) ( SAMU) () 1987-16 2014 قسط. "" لوبريس نور إبراهيم ["الفاتح". محمد نور ابراهيم 1987 (تيراس دا فوركا). atlub (C) 2016 Macanan Perkuma 61. 6. Digongkang - "أنا أيلام" ؛ </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daftar_pustaka">Daftar pustaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Sunting bagian: Daftar pustaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=33" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daftar pustaka"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAdang1996" class="citation book">Adang, Camilla (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muslimwritersonj0000adan"><i>Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible: From Ibn Rabban to Ibn Hazm</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-90-04-10034-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-90-04-10034-3">978-90-04-10034-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Writers+on+Judaism+and+the+Hebrew+Bible%3A+From+Ibn+Rabban+to+Ibn+Hazm&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-90-04-10034-3&rft.aulast=Adang&rft.aufirst=Camilla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuslimwritersonj0000adan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAlbertz1994a" class="citation book">Albertz, Rainer (1994a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yvZUWbTftSgC&pg=PA89&dq=%22the+real+centre+of+the+main+cult%22%22three+great+annual+festivals%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMIlKjh5JO5xwIV4uOmCh2lMAuI#v=onepage&q=%22the%20real%20centre%20of%20the%20main%20cult%22%22three%20great%20annual%20festivals%22&f=false"><i>A History of Israelite Religion, Volume I: From the Beginnings to the End of the Monarchy</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Israelite+Religion%2C+Volume+I%3A+From+the+Beginnings+to+the+End+of+the+Monarchy&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Albertz&rft.aufirst=Rainer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.au%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyvZUWbTftSgC%26pg%3DPA89%26dq%3D%2522the%2Breal%2Bcentre%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bmain%2Bcult%2522%2522three%2Bgreat%2Bannual%2Bfestivals%2522%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMIlKjh5JO5xwIV4uOmCh2lMAuI%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522the%2520real%2520centre%2520of%2520the%2520main%2520cult%2522%2522three%2520great%2520annual%2520festivals%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAnthony2011" class="citation book">Anthony, Sean (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jeYxAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA68"><i>The Caliph and the Heretic: Ibn Sabaʾ and the Origins of Shīʿism</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-90-04-21606-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-90-04-21606-8">978-90-04-21606-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caliph+and+the+Heretic%3A+Ibn+Saba%CA%BE+and+the+Origins+of+Sh%C4%AB%CA%BFism&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-90-04-21606-8&rft.aulast=Anthony&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjeYxAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBetz2000" class="citation book">Betz, Arnold Gottfried (2000). "Monotheism". Dalam Freedman, David Noel; Myer, Allen C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&pg=PA917#v=onepage&q=bible%20monotheism%20Betz&f=false"><i>Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible</i></a>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9053565035" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9053565035">9053565035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Monotheism&rft.btitle=Eerdmans+Dictionary+of+the+Bible&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9053565035&rft.aulast=Betz&rft.aufirst=Arnold+Gottfried&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqRtUqxkB7wkC%26pg%3DPA917%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbible%2520monotheism%2520Betz%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBokenkotter2004" class="citation">Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DISK1e7JXA8C&printsec=frontcover"><i>A Concise History of the Catholic Church</i></a> (edisi ke-Revised and expanded), Doubleday, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-385-50584-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-385-50584-1">0-385-50584-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft.edition=Revised+and+expanded&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-385-50584-1&rft.aulast=Bokenkotter&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDISK1e7JXA8C%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Brown, Schuyler. <i>The Origins of Christianity: A Historical Introduction to the New Testament</i>. Oxford University Press (1993). <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-19-826207-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-19-826207-8">0-19-826207-8</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBrann2010" class="citation book">Brann, Ross (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=bbrCTfBSFaEC"><i>Power in the Portrayal: Representations of Jews and Muslims in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Islamic Spain</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-691-14673-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-691-14673-7">978-0-691-14673-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Power+in+the+Portrayal%3A+Representations+of+Jews+and+Muslims+in+Eleventh-+and+Twelfth-Century+Islamic+Spain&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-691-14673-7&rft.aulast=Brann&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DbbrCTfBSFaEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBurkett2002" class="citation">Burkett, Delbert (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EcsQknxV-xQC&pg=PA195#v=onepage&q=%2213%20The%20Gospel%20of%20Luke%22&f=false"><i>An Introduction to the New Testament and the Origins of Christianity</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-521-00720-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-521-00720-7">978-0-521-00720-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+New+Testament+and+the+Origins+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-00720-7&rft.aulast=Burkett&rft.aufirst=Delbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEcsQknxV-xQC%26pg%3DPA195%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%252213%2520The%2520Gospel%2520of%2520Luke%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCoxEasley2007" class="citation book">Cox, Steven L.; Easley, Kendell H (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=QjmwuFUksOQC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Harmony of the Gospels</i></a>. B&H Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8054-9444-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8054-9444-0">978-0-8054-9444-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Harmony+of+the+Gospels&rft.pub=B%26H+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8054-9444-0&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&rft.au=Easley%2C+Kendell+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DQjmwuFUksOQC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCohen1987" class="citation">Cohen, Shaye J.D. (1987), <i>From the Maccabees to the Mishnah</i>, The Westminster Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-664-25017-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-664-25017-3">0-664-25017-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+the+Maccabees+to+the+Mishnah&rft.pub=The+Westminster+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-664-25017-3&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Shaye+J.D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCrossLivingstone2005" class="citation">Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., ed. (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fUqcAQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover"><i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i></a> (edisi ke-3rd Revised), Oxford: Oxford University Press, hlm. 1243–45, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-280290-3">978-0-19-280290-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=1243-45&rft.edition=3rd+Revised&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280290-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfUqcAQAAQBAJ%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCwiekowski1988" class="citation">Cwiekowski, Frederick J. (1988), <i>The Beginnings of the Church</i>, Paulist Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beginnings+of+the+Church&rft.pub=Paulist+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cwiekowski&rft.aufirst=Frederick+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDeedat2007" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Deedat" title="Ahmed Deedat">Deedat, Ahmed</a> (2007). <i>The Choice: Dialog Islam-Kristen</i>. Diterjemahkan oleh Setiawan Budi Utomo. <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>: Pustaka Al-Kautsar. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/979-592-118-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/979-592-118-5">979-592-118-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Choice%3A+Dialog+Islam-Kristen&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Pustaka+Al-Kautsar&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=979-592-118-5&rft.aulast=Deedat&rft.aufirst=Ahmed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDe_Young2004" class="citation book">De Young, James (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=60JLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64"><i>Terrorism, Islam, and Christian Hope: Reflections on 9-11 and Resurging Islam</i></a>. Wipf and Stock. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-59752-005-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-59752-005-8">978-1-59752-005-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Terrorism%2C+Islam%2C+and+Christian+Hope%3A+Reflections+on+9-11+and+Resurging+Islam&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-59752-005-8&rft.aulast=De+Young&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D60JLAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Dunn, James D.G. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=G4qpnvoautgC"><i>Jesus Remembered</i></a>. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8028-3931-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8028-3931-2">978-0-8028-3931-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus+Remembered&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3931-2&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=James+D.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DG4qpnvoautgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGeneva_Press2008" class="citation">Geneva Press (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=2RMFgUlGyxwC&pg=PA138&dq=Mary+Magdalene+Presbyterianism#v=onepage&q=Mary%20Magdalene&f=false"><i>The Presbyterian Handbook for Pastors</i></a>, Louiseville, Kentucky: Geneva Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-664-50299-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-664-50299-7">978-0-664-50299-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presbyterian+Handbook+for+Pastors&rft.place=Louiseville%2C+Kentucky&rft.pub=Geneva+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-664-50299-7&rft.au=Geneva+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D2RMFgUlGyxwC%26pg%3DPA138%26dq%3DMary%2BMagdalene%2BPresbyterianism%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DMary%2520Magdalene%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Green, Joel B.; McKnight, Scot; Marshall, I. Howard (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=9ntwNm-tOogC"><i>Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels</i></a>. InterVarsity Press. hlm. 442. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8308-1777-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8308-1777-1">978-0-8308-1777-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Jesus+and+the+Gospels&rft.pages=442&rft.pub=InterVarsity+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8308-1777-1&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Joel+B.&rft.au=McKnight%2C+Scot&rft.au=Marshall%2C+I.+Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D9ntwNm-tOogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHakim2006" class="citation book">Hakim, Manshur Abdul (2006). <i>Kiamat: Tanda-Tandanya Menurut Islam, Kristen, dan Yahudi</i>. Diterjemahkan oleh Abdul Hayyie Al-Kattani, Uqinu Attaqi. <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>: Gema Insani Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/979-56-0106-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/979-56-0106-7">979-56-0106-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kiamat%3A+Tanda-Tandanya+Menurut+Islam%2C+Kristen%2C+dan+Yahudi&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Gema+Insani+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=979-56-0106-7&rft.aulast=Hakim&rft.aufirst=Manshur+Abdul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHindsonCaner2008" class="citation book">Hindson, Ed; Caner, Ergun (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=yipXIHcteRsC&pg=PA280"><i>The Popular Encyclopedia of Apologetics: Surveying the Evidence for the Truth of Christianity</i></a>. Harvest House. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7369-3635-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7369-3635-4">978-0-7369-3635-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Popular+Encyclopedia+of+Apologetics%3A+Surveying+the+Evidence+for+the+Truth+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Harvest+House&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7369-3635-4&rft.aulast=Hindson&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft.au=Caner%2C+Ergun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DyipXIHcteRsC%26pg%3DPA280&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHurtado2005" class="citation">Hurtado, Larry (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k32wZRMxltUC&printsec=frontcover"><i>Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity</i></a>, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8028-3167-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8028-3167-5">978-0-8028-3167-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lord+Jesus+Christ%3A+Devotion+to+Jesus+in+Earliest+Christianity&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3167-5&rft.aulast=Hurtado&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk32wZRMxltUC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFIbnu_Katsir2014" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Katsir" title="Ibnu Katsir">Ibnu Katsir</a> (2014). <i>Kisah-Kisah Para Nabi</i>. Diterjemahkan oleh Muhammad Zaini. <a href="/wiki/Kota_Surakarta" title="Kota Surakarta">Surakarta</a>: Insan Kamil Solo. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-6247-11-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-6247-11-7">978-602-6247-11-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kisah-Kisah+Para+Nabi&rft.place=Surakarta&rft.pub=Insan+Kamil+Solo&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-602-6247-11-7&rft.au=Ibnu+Katsir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPao2016" class="citation">Pao, David W. (2016), <i>Acts and the Isaianic New Exodus</i>, Wipf and Stock Publishers</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acts+and+the+Isaianic+New+Exodus&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Pao&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMaier1998" class="citation book">Maier, Paul L. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=mWnYvI5RdLMC&pg=PA169&dq=Herod+and+the+Infants+of+Bethlehem#v=onepage&q=Herod%20and%20the%20Infants%20of%20Bethlehem&f=false">"Herod and the Infants of Bethlehem"</a>. Dalam Summers, Ray; Vardaman, Jerry. <i>Chronos, Kairos, Christos II: Chronological, Nativity, and Religious Studies in Memory of Ray Summers</i>. Mercer University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-86554-582-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-86554-582-3">978-0-86554-582-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Herod+and+the+Infants+of+Bethlehem&rft.btitle=Chronos%2C+Kairos%2C+Christos+II%3A+Chronological%2C+Nativity%2C+and+Religious+Studies+in+Memory+of+Ray+Summers&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-86554-582-3&rft.aulast=Maier&rft.aufirst=Paul+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DmWnYvI5RdLMC%26pg%3DPA169%26dq%3DHerod%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfants%2Bof%2BBethlehem%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DHerod%2520and%2520the%2520Infants%2520of%2520Bethlehem%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2006" class="citation">McGrath, Alister E. (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v26doW8jIyYC&printsec=frontcover"><i>Christianity: An Introduction</i></a>, Wiley-Blackwell, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-4051-0899-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-4051-0899-1">1-4051-0899-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4051-0899-1&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Alister+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv26doW8jIyYC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2007" class="citation book">Reynolds, Gabriel Said (29 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=sqpgtcMXIb0C"><i>The Quran in its Historical Context</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-415-42899-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-415-42899-6">978-0-415-42899-6</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Quran+in+its+Historical+Context&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2007-11-29&rft.isbn=978-0-415-42899-6&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Said&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DsqpgtcMXIb0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRiddell2001" class="citation book">Riddell, Peter G. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=a3x-JdCGn1UC"><i>Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World: Transmission and Responses</i></a>. University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8248-2473-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8248-2473-0">978-0-8248-2473-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Malay-Indonesian+World%3A+Transmission+and+Responses&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-2473-0&rft.aulast=Riddell&rft.aufirst=Peter+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Da3x-JdCGn1UC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRowland1985" class="citation">Rowland, Christopher (1985), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PZfYAAAAMAAJ"><i>Christian Origins: An Account of the Setting and Character of the Most Important Messianic Sect of Judaism</i></a>, SPCK, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780281041107" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780281041107">9780281041107</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+Origins%3A+An+Account+of+the+Setting+and+Character+of+the+Most+Important+Messianic+Sect+of+Judaism&rft.pub=SPCK&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=9780281041107&rft.aulast=Rowland&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPZfYAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWaardenburg1999" class="citation book">Waardenburg, Jacques (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=eLDPuc4SL_cC"><i>Muslim Perceptions of Other Religions: A Historical Survey</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-535576-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-535576-5">978-0-19-535576-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Perceptions+of+Other+Religions%3A+A+Historical+Survey&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-535576-5&rft.aulast=Waardenburg&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DeLDPuc4SL_cC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWellhausen2001" class="citation book">Wellhausen, Julius (2001). <i>The Pharisees and the Sadducees</i>. Macon: Mercer University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-86554-729-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-86554-729-2">978-0-86554-729-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pharisees+and+the+Sadducees&rft.place=Macon&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-86554-729-2&rft.aulast=Wellhausen&rft.aufirst=Julius&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AIsa" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isa&action=edit&section=34" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islami.co/kisah-nabi-isa-as/">Islami.co: Kisah Nabi Isa AS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/5360425/My-Shajrafamily-tree-">Silsilah Nabi dan Rasul</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint metadata navbox" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 0em"><ul style="margin:0.1em 0 0"><li style="display:inline"><span style="display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap"><span style="margin:0 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/20px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal Islam</a></span></li><li style="display:inline"><span style="display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap"><span style="margin:0 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/60px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kristen" title="Portal:Kristen">Portal Kristen</a></span></li><li style="display:inline"><span style="display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap"><span style="margin:0 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:P_vip.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/21px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/31px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biografi" title="Portal:Biografi">Portal Biografi</a></span></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nabi_dan_Rasul_yang_disebutkan_dalam_Al-Qur&#039;an" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nabi_dan_Rasul_dalam_Al-Qur%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Templat:Nabi dan Rasul dalam Al-Qur'an (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Lihat templat 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">آدم</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إدريس</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">نوح</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">هود</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">صالح</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إبراهيم</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">لوط</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إسماعيل</span></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adam_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Adam (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Adam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Idris" title="Idris">Idris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henokh_(leluhur_Nuh)" title="Henokh (leluhur Nuh)">Henokh</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nuh_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuh (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Nuh</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuh" title="Nuh">Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hud" title="Hud">Hud</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eber" title="Eber">Eber</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saleh" title="Saleh">Saleh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selah" title="Selah">Selah</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim" title="Ibrahim">Ibrahim</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lut" title="Lut">Lut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot" title="Lot">Lot</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ismail" title="Ismail">Ismail</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismael" title="Ismael">Ismael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إسحاق</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">يعقوب</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">يوسف</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">أيوب</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">شُعيب</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">موسى</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">هارون</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8.333%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">داود</span></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ishak_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishak (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Ishaq</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishak" title="Ishak">Ishak</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakub_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakub (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Ya'qub</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakub" title="Yakub">Yakub</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yusuf (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Yusuf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf" title="Yusuf">Yusuf</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayub_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Ayub (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Ayyub</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayub" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ayub">Ayub</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Syu%27aib" class="mw-redirect" title="Syu'aib">Syu'aib</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitro" title="Yitro">Yitro</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Musa_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Musa (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Musa</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa" title="Musa">Musa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Harun_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" title="Harun (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Harun</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harun" class="mw-disambig" title="Harun">Harun</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daud_(tokoh_Al-Qur%27an)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daud (tokoh Al-Qur'an)">Dawud</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daud" title="Daud">Daud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">سليمان</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إلياس</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">إليسع</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">يونس</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">ذو الكفل</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">زكريا</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">يحيى</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">عيسى</span></span></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;width:8%;font-weight:normal; background-color:#dcf5dc; padding:0.75em 0.1em 0.5em;"><span lang="ar"><span style="font-size:large;">مُحمد</span></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman" title="Sulaiman">Sulaiman</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salomo" title="Salomo">Salomo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ilyas" title="Ilyas">Ilyas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia" title="Elia">Elia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ilyasa" title="Ilyasa">Ilyasa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisa" title="Elisa">Elisa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yunus" title="Yunus">Yunus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Zulkifli" title="Zulkifli">Zulkifli</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Zakariyya" title="Zakariyya">Zakariyya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakharia" class="mw-disambig" title="Zakharia">Zakharia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yahya" title="Yahya">Yahya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Pembaptis" title="Yohanes Pembaptis">Yohanes Pembaptis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isa</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><div>Umat Muslim meyakini bahwa telah banyak nabi diutus oleh <a href="/wiki/Allah_(Islam)" title="Allah (Islam)">Allah</a> untuk umat manusia. Nabi-nabi ini disebutkan namanya dalam Al-Qur'an. <b>Tebal:</b> lima rasul yang mendapatkan gelar <a href="/wiki/Ululazmi" title="Ululazmi">Ululazmi</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51664#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51664#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51664#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1253006210">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/529164721383202340005">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/529164721383202340005">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119629002">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119629002">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85070047">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/isa">Encyclopedia of Islam</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8669bc5c8‐x7ttf Cached time: 20250318151608 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐page‐id, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.287 seconds Real time usage: 1.494 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 16875/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 347596/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 25207/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 212949/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.639/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19566663/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1247.707 1 -total 31.29% 390.414 2 Templat:Reflist 14.44% 180.172 1 Templat:Infobox_person 12.98% 161.949 1 Templat:Infobox 9.76% 121.799 2 Templat:Lang-ar 9.58% 119.561 2 Templat:Language_with_name_and_transliteration 9.08% 113.245 2 Templat:Transl 8.36% 104.288 43 Templat:Cite_book 7.32% 91.307 1 Templat:Nabi-nabi 7.13% 88.944 2 Templat:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key idwiki:pcache:3849:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250318151608 and revision id 26903206. 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>68 bahasa</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Bagian baru</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-55cbf6f846-bndtp","wgBackendResponseTime":344,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.287","walltime":"1.494","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16875,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":347596,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":25207,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":212949,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1247.707 1 -total"," 31.29% 390.414 2 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