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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229242" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/AaronButts">Aaron Butts</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229242" type="text/json">{"id":1229242,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Butts","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"AaronButts","display_name":"Aaron Butts","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/AaronButts?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229242/499671/85765066/s65_aaron.butts.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34873589">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34873589"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AhmadAlJallad">Ahmad 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href="https://www.academia.edu/42111903/Spatio_temporal_data_mining_of_major_European_river_and_mountain_names_reveals_their_Near_Eastern_and_African_origins">Spatio-temporal data mining of major European river and mountain names reveals their Near Eastern and African origins</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents a spatio-temporal data mining regarding the origin of the names of the 218 longest European rivers. The study shows that 35.2% of these river names originate in the Near East and Southern Caucasus. The study also... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42111903" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents a spatio-temporal data mining regarding the origin of the names of the 218 longest European rivers. The study shows that 35.2% of these river names originate in the Near East and Southern Caucasus. The study also investigates the origin of European mountain names. It is shown that at least 26 mountain names originate from Africa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42111903" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="310e1c2e0cc1d806a692e18735021c4e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62244079,"asset_id":42111903,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62244079/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20203015" href="https://un-lincoln.academia.edu/PeterRevesz">Peter Revesz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20203015" type="text/json">{"id":20203015,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Revesz","domain_name":"un-lincoln","page_name":"PeterRevesz","display_name":"Peter Revesz","profile_url":"https://un-lincoln.academia.edu/PeterRevesz?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20203015/6580981/7440259/s65_peter.revesz.jpg_oh_c8c9bab6998f47fcc20cf0f3c67d0d39_oe_552414d8___gda___1430032177_5b357852a886e826f726dd074c1d896b"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42111903 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42111903"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42111903, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42111903", }); 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The study shows that 35.2% of these river names originate in the Near East and Southern Caucasus. The study also investigates the origin of European mountain names. It is shown that at least 26 mountain names originate from Africa.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62244079,"asset_id":42111903,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20203015,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Revesz","domain_name":"un-lincoln","page_name":"PeterRevesz","display_name":"Peter Revesz","profile_url":"https://un-lincoln.academia.edu/PeterRevesz?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20203015/6580981/7440259/s65_peter.revesz.jpg_oh_c8c9bab6998f47fcc20cf0f3c67d0d39_oe_552414d8___gda___1430032177_5b357852a886e826f726dd074c1d896b"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":4727,"name":"Ancient Indo-European 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data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic 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Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amharic_Language?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29000398" data-work_id="29000398" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29000398/Zewi_Tamar_2016_The_Samaritan_Version_of_Saadya_Gaon_s_Translation_of_the_Pentateuch_Ginzei_Qedem_12_113_126_in_Hebrew_">Zewi, Tamar. 2016. “The Samaritan Version of Saadya Gaon’s Translation of the Pentateuch.” Ginzei Qedem 12: 113-126. (in Hebrew).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29000398" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the Samaritan Hebrew Pentateuch. The transmission of this version in MS London BL OR7562 continued after the early Samaritan Arabic translation of the Pentateuch and perhaps also its later revision had already been created, since many of their translations were preserved in MS BL OR7562, mixed with its Saadyan basic text. As MS London BL OR7562 also contains numerous words and phrases paralleled only in Christian Arabic translations of the Pentateuch and Saadyan adaptations, mainly related to the Peshitta tradition, it is reasonable to assume that these were the sources of this Samaritan Saadyan version and possibly also of the other Samaritan Arabic translations. The Samaritan version of Saadya’s translation of the Pentateuch also reveals some parallels to tenth- and eleventh-century Karaite translations and it contains prominent Aramaic and Islamic vocabulary, unfamiliar in other versions of Saadya’s tafsīr.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29000398" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="830c9b748bf051a06659c193c10091d8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58146185,"asset_id":29000398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58146185/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29000398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29000398"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29000398, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29000398", }); 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(in Hebrew).","created_at":"2016-10-08T02:53:16.092-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29000398/Zewi_Tamar_2016_The_Samaritan_Version_of_Saadya_Gaon_s_Translation_of_the_Pentateuch_Ginzei_Qedem_12_113_126_in_Hebrew_?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_29000398","summary":"The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the Samaritan Hebrew Pentateuch. The transmission of this version in MS London BL OR7562 continued after the early Samaritan Arabic translation of the Pentateuch and perhaps also its later revision had already been created, since many of their translations were preserved in MS BL OR7562, mixed with its Saadyan basic text. 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class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Introduction to Semitic Linguistics 2016-2017: course text #3: Relationship Between Languages [Hebrew]</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35133229" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="044dd34122a3e329690ee7362656df9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54994541,"asset_id":35133229,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34577426" data-work_id="34577426" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34577426/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9">مقاييس النقد الترجمي ودورها في تطوير حركة الترجمة العالمية</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">الملخص: يتناول البحث إعداد ودراسة المقاييس الضابطة للنقد الترجمي التي يمكن من خلالها ضبط العملية الترجمية بوصفها عملية نقل يفترض أن تتم بأمانة مع مراعاة تامة لتحويل الافكار المغلفة بمفردات في لغة ما إلى لغة أخرى، وبيان آلية تطبيق كل... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34577426" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">الملخص: يتناول البحث إعداد ودراسة المقاييس الضابطة للنقد الترجمي التي يمكن من خلالها ضبط العملية الترجمية <br />بوصفها عملية نقل يفترض أن تتم بأمانة مع مراعاة تامة لتحويل الافكار المغلفة بمفردات في لغة ما إلى لغة أخرى، وبيان آلية تطبيق <br />كل مقياس بغية الوصول إلى صحة الترجمة بطريقة علمية تطبيقية تستند إلى الثوابت العلمية المقرة في بنية اللغة ودلالتها وخصائصها <br />المعرفية مع الحرص على تقليل الخسارة بين النصين إلى أدى  مستوى، ورفع التكافؤ بينهما إلى حددوده القصوى من خلال المقاييس <br />الضابطة للعملية الترجمية بوصفها أدوات للنقد الترجمي. <br />الكلمات المفتاحية: الترجمة، النقد الترجمي، مقاييس النقد الترجمي، البنية اللغوية، التكافؤ الدلالي</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item 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data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68073205" href="https://uobaghdad.academia.edu/RaheemAlfoadi">Raheem A L I Al-Foadi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68073205" type="text/json">{"id":68073205,"first_name":"Raheem","last_name":"Al-Foadi","domain_name":"uobaghdad","page_name":"RaheemAlfoadi","display_name":"Raheem A L I Al-Foadi","profile_url":"https://uobaghdad.academia.edu/RaheemAlfoadi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68073205/18919590/39101477/s65_raheem.al-foadi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34577426 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden 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InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34577426"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34577426; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34577426]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34577426").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34577426").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34577426"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19861" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Language">Russian Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19861" type="text/json">{"id":19861,"name":"Russian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50391" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation">Word formation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50391" type="text/json">{"id":50391,"name":"Word formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="76715" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_linguistics">General linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="76715" type="text/json">{"id":76715,"name":"General linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34577426]'), work: {"id":34577426,"title":"مقاييس النقد الترجمي ودورها في تطوير حركة الترجمة العالمية","created_at":"2017-09-15T10:49:23.231-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34577426/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_34577426","summary":"الملخص: يتناول البحث إعداد ودراسة المقاييس الضابطة للنقد الترجمي التي يمكن من خلالها ضبط العملية الترجمية\r\nبوصفها عملية نقل يفترض أن تتم بأمانة مع مراعاة تامة لتحويل الافكار المغلفة بمفردات في لغة ما إلى لغة أخرى، وبيان آلية تطبيق\r\nكل مقياس بغية الوصول إلى صحة الترجمة بطريقة علمية تطبيقية تستند إلى الثوابت العلمية المقرة في بنية اللغة ودلالتها وخصائصها\r\nالمعرفية مع الحرص على تقليل الخسارة بين النصين إلى أدى مستوى، ورفع التكافؤ بينهما إلى حددوده القصوى من خلال المقاييس\r\nالضابطة للعملية الترجمية بوصفها أدوات للنقد الترجمي.\r\nالكلمات المفتاحية: الترجمة، النقد الترجمي، مقاييس النقد الترجمي، البنية اللغوية، التكافؤ الدلالي","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54443273,"asset_id":34577426,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68073205,"first_name":"Raheem","last_name":"Al-Foadi","domain_name":"uobaghdad","page_name":"RaheemAlfoadi","display_name":"Raheem A L I Al-Foadi","profile_url":"https://uobaghdad.academia.edu/RaheemAlfoadi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68073205/18919590/39101477/s65_raheem.al-foadi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":19861,"name":"Russian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":50391,"name":"Word formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":76715,"name":"General linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1116714,"name":"Applied Linguuistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguuistics?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38729134" data-work_id="38729134" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38729134/Grammaire_compar%C3%A9e_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques_%C3%89l%C3%A9ments_de_phon%C3%A9tique_de_morphologie_et_de_syntaxe">Grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. Éléments de phonétique, de morphologie et de syntaxe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">par Jean-Claude Haelewyck. — Le but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38729134" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">par Jean-Claude Haelewyck.<br />—<br />Le but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans chaque langue, pour mieux préciser la position historique de chaque langue dans l’ensemble, et obtenir une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes de transformation.<br /><br />Langues<br /><br />Les principales langues concernées sont l’accadien, l’ugaritique, l’hébreu, l’araméen dans toute sa variété, l’arabe, le sud-arabe épigraphique, le sud-arabique moderne et l’éthiopien. Pour autant, le paléo-syrien, l’amorite, le phénicien et le moabite ne sont pas en reste. Tous les textes sont en transcription et accompagnés d’une traduction.<br /><br />Public cible<br /><br />Rédigé dans un style clair qui évite tout jargon, l’ouvrage est destiné à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux langues sémitiques, qu’ils soient enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants ou curieux passionnés.<br /><br />L'auteur<br /><br />Jean-Claude Haelewyck, diplômé de l'Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem, est Directeur de Recherche au Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et professeur à l'Université de Louvain. Il y a d'abord enseigné l'hébreu, puis l'araméen, le phénicien, l'ougaritique, ainsi que la grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. <br />Il est connu au niveau international par ses éditions de textes syriaques : il a publié dans le Corpus Christianorum quatre volumes des versions syriaques des œuvres de Grégoire de Nazianze, et dans Le Muséon des éditions de textes apocryphes. On le connaît aussi par ses travaux d'édition des vieilles versions latines de la Bible (en collaboration avec le Vetus Latina Institut, Beuron, Allemagne) : il a achevé celles du livre d'Esther et a entamé celles de l'évangile de Marc.<br /><br />Détails et table des matières sur <a href="http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24" rel="nofollow">http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38729134" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4946b925573df8cbd8b65e4184debdf7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58814805,"asset_id":38729134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58814805/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20651663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles">Éditions Safran Publishers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20651663" type="text/json">{"id":20651663,"first_name":"Éditions","last_name":"Safran Publishers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SafranBruxelles","display_name":"Éditions Safran Publishers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20651663/25103148/36238413/s65__ditions.safran_publishers.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38729134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38729134"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38729134, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38729134", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38729134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38729134").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38729134").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38729134"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24215" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics">Comparative Semitics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24215" type="text/json">{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32394" type="text/json">{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38729134]'), work: {"id":38729134,"title":"Grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. Éléments de phonétique, de morphologie et de syntaxe","created_at":"2019-04-06T14:59:33.505-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38729134/Grammaire_compar%C3%A9e_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques_%C3%89l%C3%A9ments_de_phon%C3%A9tique_de_morphologie_et_de_syntaxe?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_38729134","summary":"par Jean-Claude Haelewyck.\n—\nLe but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans chaque langue, pour mieux préciser la position historique de chaque langue dans l’ensemble, et obtenir une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes de transformation.\n\nLangues\n\nLes principales langues concernées sont l’accadien, l’ugaritique, l’hébreu, l’araméen dans toute sa variété, l’arabe, le sud-arabe épigraphique, le sud-arabique moderne et l’éthiopien. Pour autant, le paléo-syrien, l’amorite, le phénicien et le moabite ne sont pas en reste. Tous les textes sont en transcription et accompagnés d’une traduction.\n\nPublic cible\n\nRédigé dans un style clair qui évite tout jargon, l’ouvrage est destiné à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux langues sémitiques, qu’ils soient enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants ou curieux passionnés.\n\nL'auteur\n\nJean-Claude Haelewyck, diplômé de l'Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem, est Directeur de Recherche au Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et professeur à l'Université de Louvain. Il y a d'abord enseigné l'hébreu, puis l'araméen, le phénicien, l'ougaritique, ainsi que la grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. \nIl est connu au niveau international par ses éditions de textes syriaques : il a publié dans le Corpus Christianorum quatre volumes des versions syriaques des œuvres de Grégoire de Nazianze, et dans Le Muséon des éditions de textes apocryphes. On le connaît aussi par ses travaux d'édition des vieilles versions latines de la Bible (en collaboration avec le Vetus Latina Institut, Beuron, Allemagne) : il a achevé celles du livre d'Esther et a entamé celles de l'évangile de Marc.\n\nDétails et table des matières sur http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58814805,"asset_id":38729134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20651663,"first_name":"Éditions","last_name":"Safran Publishers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SafranBruxelles","display_name":"Éditions Safran Publishers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20651663/25103148/36238413/s65__ditions.safran_publishers.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1032047,"name":"Langues Sémitiques Anciennes (Hebreu, Araméen, Akadien Etc.)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Langues_Semitiques_Anciennes_Hebreu_Arameen_Akadien_Etc._?f_ri=3034"},{"id":2656866,"name":"Langues anciennes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Langues_anciennes?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9582772" data-work_id="9582772" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9582772/Early_development_of_the_West_Semitic_languages_Linguistic_history_according_to_science_and_the_Bible">Early development of the West-Semitic languages - Linguistic history according to science and the Bible</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Derives dates for a genealogical tree of the West-semitic languages. Dates provided by the Bible and science appear to line up very well.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9582772" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="440408f368ea16221854a97911a05358" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35795009,"asset_id":9582772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35795009/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="408276" href="https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma">Andre H Roosma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="408276" type="text/json">{"id":408276,"first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Roosma","domain_name":"12accede","page_name":"AndreRoosma","display_name":"Andre H Roosma","profile_url":"https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/408276/2537926/11151551/s65_andre.roosma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9582772 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9582772"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9582772, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9582772", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9582772]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9582772").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9582772").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9582772"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9582772]'), work: {"id":9582772,"title":"Early development of the West-Semitic languages - Linguistic history according to science and the Bible","created_at":"2014-12-01T15:29:49.619-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9582772/Early_development_of_the_West_Semitic_languages_Linguistic_history_according_to_science_and_the_Bible?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_9582772","summary":"Derives dates for a genealogical tree of the West-semitic languages. Dates provided by the Bible and science appear to line up very well.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35795009,"asset_id":9582772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":408276,"first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Roosma","domain_name":"12accede","page_name":"AndreRoosma","display_name":"Andre H Roosma","profile_url":"https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/408276/2537926/11151551/s65_andre.roosma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_557152" data-work_id="557152" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/557152/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%82%D7%A4%D7%97_%D7%90%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%98_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%98_%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA">משׂפח או משפט? למבנה המשפט בעברית המדוברת</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/557152" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7bb7b556e0dab30dee0bfd8a62b43013" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30385229,"asset_id":557152,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30385229/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149354" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/ShlomoIzreel">Shlomo Izre'el</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149354" type="text/json">{"id":149354,"first_name":"Shlomo","last_name":"Izre'el","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"ShlomoIzreel","display_name":"Shlomo Izre'el","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/ShlomoIzreel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149354/58641/15078973/s65_shlomo.izre_el.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_557152 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="557152"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 557152, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_557152", }); 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It comprises five... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37907086" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present volume has largely emerged from a section on “Comparative Semitic and Arabic studies” at the conference “Horizons of Islamic Theology”, which was held at Goethe University Frankfurt in September 2014. It comprises five contributions and covers an area reaching from general and comparative Afro-Asiatic syntax to South Arabian phonology to diachronic and synchronic Arabic linguistics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37907086" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a40b1ae023c18d2fcfd1780bd16c50b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57917474,"asset_id":37907086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57917474/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="705538" href="https://uni-frankfurt.academia.edu/DanielBirnstiel">Daniel Birnstiel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="705538" type="text/json">{"id":705538,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Birnstiel","domain_name":"uni-frankfurt","page_name":"DanielBirnstiel","display_name":"Daniel Birnstiel","profile_url":"https://uni-frankfurt.academia.edu/DanielBirnstiel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/705538/955794/16577450/s65_daniel.birnstiel.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37907086">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37907086"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://utexas.academia.edu/NaamaPatEl">Na'ama Pat-El</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37907086'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37907086').html(); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31168880]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31168880").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31168880").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31168880"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="324308" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology">Historical Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="324308" type="text/json">{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31168880]'), work: {"id":31168880,"title":"Wet of willekeur? De ontwikkeling van de Bijbels Hebreeuwse klinkers","created_at":"2017-02-02T02:56:17.725-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31168880/Wet_of_willekeur_De_ontwikkeling_van_de_Bijbels_Hebreeuwse_klinkers?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_31168880","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51597775,"asset_id":31168880,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3233302,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Suchard","domain_name":"kuleuven","page_name":"BenjaminSuchard","display_name":"Benjamin Suchard","profile_url":"https://kuleuven.academia.edu/BenjaminSuchard?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3233302/1065195/152424170/s65_benjamin.suchard.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11237206" data-work_id="11237206" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11237206/Homonymous_Verbs_in_Biblical_Hebrew_An_investigation_of_the_role_of_comparative_philology">Homonymous Verbs in Biblical Hebrew: An investigation of the role of comparative philology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This thesis contributes to lexicographic method in Biblical Hebrew, by seeking empirically-based criteria for evaluating homonyms proposed on the basis of comparative Semitic philology.<br /><br />University of Liverpool, 1988</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11237206" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f404782d082b74c9be0ac168ee118ff3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36845392,"asset_id":11237206,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36845392/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6487754" href="https://covenantseminary.academia.edu/JackCollins">Jack Collins</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6487754" type="text/json">{"id":6487754,"first_name":"Jack","last_name":"Collins","domain_name":"covenantseminary","page_name":"JackCollins","display_name":"Jack Collins","profile_url":"https://covenantseminary.academia.edu/JackCollins?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6487754/2663727/3100734/s65_jack.collins.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11237206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11237206"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11237206, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11237206", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11237206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11237206; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11237206"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11237206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11237206"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11237206; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11237206]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11237206").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11237206").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11237206"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="445280" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament">Hebrew Bible/Old Testament</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="445280" type="text/json">{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11237206]'), work: {"id":11237206,"title":"Homonymous Verbs in Biblical Hebrew: An investigation of the role of comparative philology","created_at":"2015-03-03T12:18:10.616-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11237206/Homonymous_Verbs_in_Biblical_Hebrew_An_investigation_of_the_role_of_comparative_philology?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_11237206","summary":"This thesis contributes to lexicographic method in Biblical Hebrew, by seeking empirically-based criteria for evaluating homonyms proposed on the basis of comparative Semitic philology.\n\nUniversity of Liverpool, 1988","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36845392,"asset_id":11237206,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6487754,"first_name":"Jack","last_name":"Collins","domain_name":"covenantseminary","page_name":"JackCollins","display_name":"Jack Collins","profile_url":"https://covenantseminary.academia.edu/JackCollins?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6487754/2663727/3100734/s65_jack.collins.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1152963" data-work_id="1152963" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1152963/A_Cultural_History_of_the_Semitic_Languages">A Cultural History of the Semitic Languages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This history emphasizes the continuous linguistic accumulation, manifold connections and mutual enrichment among various Semitic languages, which have shared a long and complex history. The Middle East is the oldest field of cultural... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1152963" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This history emphasizes the continuous linguistic accumulation, manifold connections and mutual enrichment among various Semitic languages, which have shared a long and complex history. The Middle East is the oldest field of cultural interaction where the most ancient languages and the most influential ideas were born, evolved, and intermingled. Every Semitic language emerged from this diverse cultural environment and drew upon a common repertoire of inherited and imported expressions such as oral languages (including constantly changing regional dialects and various scripts), music (Semitic and non-Semitic), visual images, and foreign languages. This constant linguistic flux became the driving force behind the development of a culture that experienced a relentless linguistic reorientation throughout its ancient and medieval history and has lasting consequences on the formation and transformation of its modern languages. <br /><br />The main origins of this linguistic flexibility lie in the age long discrepancy (or inconsistency including periodical temporary unity) between written and oral language and between the conventionalized symbols and the actual sound of language. This discrepancy drove a continuous cycle of birth and death of a stream of languages in the Middle East. Although Semitic language was the original inventor of alphabetic script, the alphabet form of writing did not come easily within the Semitic language group because of this inherited discrepancy. During the third Millennium BC, most ancient Semitic languages adopted cuneiform, a highly conservative and logographic script. It was not until 1100 BC that a semi-alphabetic script was created. Several alphabetic scripts emerged and became extinct during the next fifteen centuries because an important part of the Semitic languages, the vowels that defined meaning and grammatical structure, were not fully presented. As a result, only spelling (not the way to be read) of the written language was standardized; thus the pronunciation of the written language remained unregulated and fluid. Consequently, local languages and dialects disappeared as quickly as they appeared. The authority of written languages was often challenged by active and innovative oral languages and quickly branched out after every minor phonetic shift.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1152963" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="68e97329e114dacad9b6031200d253ea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":7079528,"asset_id":1152963,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/7079528/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="987452" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SharronGu">Sharron Gu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="987452" type="text/json">{"id":987452,"first_name":"Sharron","last_name":"Gu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SharronGu","display_name":"Sharron Gu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SharronGu?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/987452/357700/6004036/s65_sharron.gu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1152963 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1152963"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1152963, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1152963", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1152963]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1152963").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1152963").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1152963"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1529" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Prose_Literature">Arabic Prose Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1529" type="text/json">{"id":1529,"name":"Arabic Prose Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Prose_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1152963]'), work: {"id":1152963,"title":"A Cultural History of the Semitic Languages","created_at":"2011-12-12T14:43:31.654-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1152963/A_Cultural_History_of_the_Semitic_Languages?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_1152963","summary":"This history emphasizes the continuous linguistic accumulation, manifold connections and mutual enrichment among various Semitic languages, which have shared a long and complex history. The Middle East is the oldest field of cultural interaction where the most ancient languages and the most influential ideas were born, evolved, and intermingled. Every Semitic language emerged from this diverse cultural environment and drew upon a common repertoire of inherited and imported expressions such as oral languages (including constantly changing regional dialects and various scripts), music (Semitic and non-Semitic), visual images, and foreign languages. This constant linguistic flux became the driving force behind the development of a culture that experienced a relentless linguistic reorientation throughout its ancient and medieval history and has lasting consequences on the formation and transformation of its modern languages. \n\nThe main origins of this linguistic flexibility lie in the age long discrepancy (or inconsistency including periodical temporary unity) between written and oral language and between the conventionalized symbols and the actual sound of language. This discrepancy drove a continuous cycle of birth and death of a stream of languages in the Middle East. Although Semitic language was the original inventor of alphabetic script, the alphabet form of writing did not come easily within the Semitic language group because of this inherited discrepancy. During the third Millennium BC, most ancient Semitic languages adopted cuneiform, a highly conservative and logographic script. It was not until 1100 BC that a semi-alphabetic script was created. Several alphabetic scripts emerged and became extinct during the next fifteen centuries because an important part of the Semitic languages, the vowels that defined meaning and grammatical structure, were not fully presented. As a result, only spelling (not the way to be read) of the written language was standardized; thus the pronunciation of the written language remained unregulated and fluid. Consequently, local languages and dialects disappeared as quickly as they appeared. The authority of written languages was often challenged by active and innovative oral languages and quickly branched out after every minor phonetic shift. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":7079528,"asset_id":1152963,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":987452,"first_name":"Sharron","last_name":"Gu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SharronGu","display_name":"Sharron Gu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SharronGu?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/987452/357700/6004036/s65_sharron.gu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1529,"name":"Arabic Prose Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Prose_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034"},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=3034"},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=3034"},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33905533" data-work_id="33905533" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33905533/Zewi_Tamar_2016_The_Study_of_Hebrew_Syntax_Hebrew_Linguistics_70_125_146_in_Hebrew_">Zewi, Tamar. 2016. “The Study of Hebrew Syntax.” Hebrew Linguistics 70: 125-146. (in Hebrew).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper surveys the state of research of Hebrew syntax from approximately the mid-20th century onward. It indicates the themes which have already received the attention of scholars to varying extents and points out areas of research... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33905533" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper surveys the state of research of Hebrew syntax from approximately the mid-20th century onward. It indicates the themes which have already received the attention of scholars to varying extents and points out areas of research which deserve the attention of scholars in the future. Among the topics discussed are the syntactic roles of word classes; the main syntactic functions, viz. subject, predicate, object, attribute, and adverbial; syntactic relations, viz. the predicative relation, the attributive relation, and the object/adverbial relation; verb government and valency; grammatical agreement; annexation; clause patterns, parataxis and hypotaxis; verbal moods, copulas and auxiliary verbs, and negation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33905533" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="acf3da64002cc250705f5d3ff6daedf0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56129078,"asset_id":33905533,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56129078/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33905533 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33905533"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33905533, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33905533", }); 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Phonological Correspondences</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present article deals with the comparative method as applied to the Semitic cognate sets with phonological correspondences. It demonstrates how one with help of comparative Semitic approach and certain principles of analysis can... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12443692" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present article deals with the comparative method as applied to the Semitic cognate sets with phonological correspondences. It demonstrates how one with help of comparative Semitic approach and certain principles of analysis can establish a Proto-phoneme, how to reconstruct it and how to distinguish between true cognates and borrowed ones, illustrated through a set of case studies within the framework of phonological correspondences. For this task, historical linguistics prefer cognates from basic vocabulary (body parts, close kinship terms, and the like), since such terms are considered to resist borrowing more than other sorts of vocabulary. Applying this to the Semitic languages and looking for potential Semitic true cognates I have chosen cognate sets denoting body parts as the basic illustrative examples for my investigation, which in the course of discussion is widened to <br />include other illustrative examples.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12443692" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e1a6770b41d582238f54f0afcebaacb4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38002086,"asset_id":12443692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38002086/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11547709" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/SinaTezel">Sina Tezel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11547709" type="text/json">{"id":11547709,"first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Tezel","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"SinaTezel","display_name":"Sina Tezel","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/SinaTezel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11547709/3351195/10253435/s65_sina.tezel.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12443692 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12443692"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12443692, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12443692", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12443692]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12443692").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12443692").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12443692"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12443692]'), work: {"id":12443692,"title":"The Comparative Method as Applied to the Semitic Cognate Sets with Phonological Correspondences","created_at":"2015-05-18T07:19:39.903-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12443692/The_Comparative_Method_as_Applied_to_the_Semitic_Cognate_Sets_with_Phonological_Correspondences?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_12443692","summary":"The present article deals with the comparative method as applied to the Semitic cognate sets with phonological correspondences. It demonstrates how one with help of comparative Semitic approach and certain principles of analysis can establish a Proto-phoneme, how to reconstruct it and how to distinguish between true cognates and borrowed ones, illustrated through a set of case studies within the framework of phonological correspondences. For this task, historical linguistics prefer cognates from basic vocabulary (body parts, close kinship terms, and the like), since such terms are considered to resist borrowing more than other sorts of vocabulary. Applying this to the Semitic languages and looking for potential Semitic true cognates I have chosen cognate sets denoting body parts as the basic illustrative examples for my investigation, which in the course of discussion is widened to\r\ninclude other illustrative examples.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38002086,"asset_id":12443692,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11547709,"first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Tezel","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"SinaTezel","display_name":"Sina Tezel","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/SinaTezel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11547709/3351195/10253435/s65_sina.tezel.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":16017,"name":"Loanwords, Language contact \u0026 change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loanwords_Language_contact_and_change?f_ri=3034"},{"id":20184,"name":"Akkadian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Akkadian?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":30925,"name":"Syriac (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":223518,"name":"Classical Ethiopic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Ethiopic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":382178,"name":"Cognates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognates?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_450742" data-work_id="450742" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/450742/Latino_Punic_Epigraphy_a_descriptive_Study_of_the_inscriptions">Latino-Punic Epigraphy: a descriptive Study of the inscriptions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A complete edition of all known Latino (and Graeco)-Punic inscriptions along with a detailed, comparative grammatical analysis, esp. with regard to phonology and orthographic practice. Several texts are presented here for the first time.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_450742" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A complete edition of all known Latino (and Graeco)-Punic inscriptions along with a detailed, comparative grammatical analysis, esp. with regard to phonology and orthographic practice. Several texts are presented here for the first time. These texts from Roman-era Tripolitania (the first centuries A.D.) render Punic systematically, although written with Latin graphemes. Until now they have been largely neglected by Semiticists. They thus provide, among other things, fully vocalised material, unusual for alphabetically written Semitic languages, which can provide us with insight into the historical and diachronic development of the (North-West) Semitic languages, esp. biblical Hebrew. At the same time, these texts are also interesting epigraphic texts documenting the spread of the Punic language into the African interior.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/450742" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="091670c2dc039d3a52f419263209b112" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54029689,"asset_id":450742,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54029689/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="339036" href="https://iuni-saarland.academia.edu/RobertKerr">Robert Martin Kerr</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="339036" type="text/json">{"id":339036,"first_name":"Robert Martin","last_name":"Kerr","domain_name":"iuni-saarland","page_name":"RobertKerr","display_name":"Robert Martin Kerr","profile_url":"https://iuni-saarland.academia.edu/RobertKerr?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/339036/93254/17893657/s65_robert_martin.kerr.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_450742 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="450742"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 450742, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_450742", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_450742 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 450742; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_450742"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_450742 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="450742"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 450742; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=450742]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_450742").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_450742").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="450742"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">36</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology">Philology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="97" type="text/json">{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3017" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenicians">Phoenicians</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3017" type="text/json">{"id":3017,"name":"Phoenicians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenicians?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=450742]'), work: {"id":450742,"title":"Latino-Punic Epigraphy: a descriptive Study of the inscriptions","created_at":"2011-02-21T04:31:07.839-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/450742/Latino_Punic_Epigraphy_a_descriptive_Study_of_the_inscriptions?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_450742","summary":"A complete edition of all known Latino (and Graeco)-Punic inscriptions along with a detailed, comparative grammatical analysis, esp. with regard to phonology and orthographic practice. Several texts are presented here for the first time. These texts from Roman-era Tripolitania (the first centuries A.D.) render Punic systematically, although written with Latin graphemes. Until now they have been largely neglected by Semiticists. They thus provide, among other things, fully vocalised material, unusual for alphabetically written Semitic languages, which can provide us with insight into the historical and diachronic development of the (North-West) Semitic languages, esp. biblical Hebrew. At the same time, these texts are also interesting epigraphic texts documenting the spread of the Punic language into the African interior. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54029689,"asset_id":450742,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":339036,"first_name":"Robert Martin","last_name":"Kerr","domain_name":"iuni-saarland","page_name":"RobertKerr","display_name":"Robert Martin Kerr","profile_url":"https://iuni-saarland.academia.edu/RobertKerr?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/339036/93254/17893657/s65_robert_martin.kerr.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3017,"name":"Phoenicians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenicians?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":3292,"name":"Epigraphy (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":17925,"name":"Canaanite Dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canaanite_Dialects?f_ri=3034"},{"id":18700,"name":"Canaanite Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canaanite_Languages?f_ri=3034"},{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24068,"name":"Roman North Africa (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_North_Africa_Archaeology_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":33080,"name":"Phoenician Punic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician_Punic_Archaeology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":35074,"name":"Roman Africa (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Africa_Archaeology_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":53505,"name":"Greek and Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":77370,"name":"North-West Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North-West_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":79982,"name":"Canaanite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canaanite?f_ri=3034"},{"id":80966,"name":"Punic African archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Punic_African_archaeology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":81930,"name":"Storia antica ed epigrafia latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_antica_ed_epigrafia_latina?f_ri=3034"},{"id":100369,"name":"Phoenician \u0026 Punic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician_and_Punic_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":100392,"name":"Phoenician and Punic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician_and_Punic_Studies?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":126616,"name":"Archeologia Fenicio-Punica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeologia_Fenicio-Punica?f_ri=3034"},{"id":136099,"name":"Phoenician-Punic language and Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician-Punic_language_and_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":230868,"name":"Monde Punique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monde_Punique?f_ri=3034"},{"id":256815,"name":"Phoenician Punic Archaeology Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician_Punic_Archaeology_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":324673,"name":"St. Augustine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/St._Augustine?f_ri=3034"},{"id":387771,"name":"Tripolitania, archaeological survey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tripolitania_archaeological_survey?f_ri=3034"},{"id":389516,"name":"Tripolitania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tripolitania?f_ri=3034"},{"id":619187,"name":"South Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":689365,"name":"Libyco-Berber Script","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyco-Berber_Script?f_ri=3034"},{"id":756176,"name":"late punic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/late_punic_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":904466,"name":"Epigraphie Phénico-punique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphie_Phenico-punique?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67757390" data-work_id="67757390" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67757390/Points_of_Contact_The_Shared_Intellectual_History_of_Vocalisation_in_Syriac_Arabic_and_Hebrew_Introduction_">Points of Contact: The Shared Intellectual History of Vocalisation in Syriac, Arabic, and Hebrew (Introduction)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The introductory chapter to "Points of Contact: The Shared Intellectual History of Vocalisation in Syriac, Arabic, and Hebrew", because who wants to download a whole book. You can also download the whole book here:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67757390" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The introductory chapter to "Points of Contact: The Shared Intellectual History of Vocalisation in Syriac, Arabic, and Hebrew", because who wants to download a whole book. 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Attraverso un percorso a ritroso nel tempo e uno sguardo comparativo, descrive la distribuzione... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38751640" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il corso online Filologia semitica: lingue del Medio Oriente è un'introduzione alla complessità culturale e linguistica del Medio Oriente. 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Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10093556" data-work_id="10093556" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10093556/Parallelisms_in_Arabic_Morphological_and_Lexical_Syntactic_and_Textual">Parallelisms in Arabic: Morphological and Lexical, Syntactic, and Textual</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Parallelism in Arabic is investigated through data from three Arabic varieties: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), Classical Arabic (CA), and (Yemeni) Adeni Arabic (AA). Parallelism in Arabic is examined at different linguistic levels:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10093556" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Parallelism in Arabic is investigated through data from three Arabic varieties: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), Classical Arabic (CA), and (Yemeni) Adeni Arabic (AA). Parallelism in Arabic is examined at different linguistic levels: morphological and lexical, syntactic, and textual. Parallelism seems to be inherent and is more likely in writings that aim to convince or restate theses and topics. However, the occurrence of parallelisms is genre-specific, purpose-oriented, and situation/context-dependent. It is predictable in sermons, public speeches/addresses, and opinion writing. Apparently, parallelism, particularly beyond reduplication and lexical level, triggers resonance in the mind of the listener/reader, retaining the respective information in short term memory and thus marking it for emphasis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10093556" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bb62b9ab2b762b94f1ca7132f049c65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36215352,"asset_id":10093556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36215352/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7168294" href="https://cameron.academia.edu/HishamMonassar">Hisham Monassar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7168294" type="text/json">{"id":7168294,"first_name":"Hisham","last_name":"Monassar","domain_name":"cameron","page_name":"HishamMonassar","display_name":"Hisham Monassar","profile_url":"https://cameron.academia.edu/HishamMonassar?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7168294/23499951/22556881/s65_hisham.monassar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10093556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10093556"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10093556, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10093556", }); 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Apparently, parallelism, particularly beyond reduplication and lexical level, triggers resonance in the mind of the listener/reader, retaining the respective information in short term memory and thus marking it for emphasis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36215352,"asset_id":10093556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7168294,"first_name":"Hisham","last_name":"Monassar","domain_name":"cameron","page_name":"HishamMonassar","display_name":"Hisham Monassar","profile_url":"https://cameron.academia.edu/HishamMonassar?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7168294/23499951/22556881/s65_hisham.monassar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic 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$('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28913750]'), work: {"id":28913750,"title":"The Damascus Document (CD) (2005)","created_at":"2016-10-04T08:51:05.196-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28913750/The_Damascus_Document_CD_2005_?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_28913750","summary":"Translation of the Damascus Document from Wise-Abegg-Cook 2005.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49347823,"asset_id":28913750,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183905,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Cook","domain_name":"cua","page_name":"EdwardCook","display_name":"Edward Cook","profile_url":"https://cua.academia.edu/EdwardCook?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183905/89425/10416940/s65_edward.cook.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":664,"name":"Hebrew Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic 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Calendars, DSS, Second Temple Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies_Jewish_Calendars_DSS_Second_Temple_Period?f_ri=3034"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034"},{"id":543974,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Northwest Semitic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Northwest_Semitic_Languages?f_ri=3034"},{"id":958801,"name":"The Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1032588,"name":"Second Temple Judaism and Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism_and_Early_Christianity?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1074583,"name":"Hebrew literature in translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_literature_in_translation?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1678322,"name":"Qumran Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qumran_Hebrew?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46925550" data-work_id="46925550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46925550/Tense_Mood_and_Aspect_in_Old_Babylonian">Tense Mood and Aspect in Old Babylonian</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The grammatical categories of tense, mood and aspect have close semantic correlations. In Old Babylonian, one grammatical form can express more than one category and one category can be expressed by more than one form. Thus, and in view... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46925550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The grammatical categories of tense, mood and aspect have close semantic correlations. In Old Babylonian, one grammatical form can express more than one category and one category can be expressed by more than one form. Thus, and in view of the structural nature of language, to reconstruct the meanings of the grammatical forms that express tense, mood and/or aspect, viz., the Preterite, Perfect, Permansive, Present and the Volitives, all of them must be analyzed together as complementary and contrasting members of a linguistic system. This is the first study of such a scope and is based on the texts in the first thirteen volumes of Altbabylonische Briefe in Umschrift und Übersetzung.<br /><br />The semantic content of each grammatical form is reconstructed not only by comparing relevant syntagmatic contexts in which the form is distributed but also by contrasting them with those in which paradigmatically related forms are distributed. This is made possible by first creating a computer database that could search and retrieve grammatical forms in terms of their syntactic and semantic environments. This approach ensures some form of scientific control as grammatical reconstruction in semantics, unlike in phonology, morphology or syntax, whose parameters can be directly and objectively observed, depends much on one's intuition. This is particularly crucial with a "dead" language like Old Babylonian.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46925550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a3af60c2f7dac1c2bd5492092f28c37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66290937,"asset_id":46925550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66290937/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3083528" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TFLeong">TF Leong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3083528" type="text/json">{"id":3083528,"first_name":"TF","last_name":"Leong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TFLeong","display_name":"TF Leong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TFLeong?f_ri=3034","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46925550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46925550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46925550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46925550", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46925550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46925550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46925550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46925550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9183" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics">Comparative Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9183" type="text/json">{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10157" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics">Corpus Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10157" type="text/json">{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46925550]'), work: {"id":46925550,"title":"Tense Mood and Aspect in Old Babylonian","created_at":"2021-04-17T22:01:46.536-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46925550/Tense_Mood_and_Aspect_in_Old_Babylonian?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_46925550","summary":"The grammatical categories of tense, mood and aspect have close semantic correlations. In Old Babylonian, one grammatical form can express more than one category and one category can be expressed by more than one form. Thus, and in view of the structural nature of language, to reconstruct the meanings of the grammatical forms that express tense, mood and/or aspect, viz., the Preterite, Perfect, Permansive, Present and the Volitives, all of them must be analyzed together as complementary and contrasting members of a linguistic system. This is the first study of such a scope and is based on the texts in the first thirteen volumes of Altbabylonische Briefe in Umschrift und Übersetzung.\n\nThe semantic content of each grammatical form is reconstructed not only by comparing relevant syntagmatic contexts in which the form is distributed but also by contrasting them with those in which paradigmatically related forms are distributed. This is made possible by first creating a computer database that could search and retrieve grammatical forms in terms of their syntactic and semantic environments. This approach ensures some form of scientific control as grammatical reconstruction in semantics, unlike in phonology, morphology or syntax, whose parameters can be directly and objectively observed, depends much on one's intuition. This is particularly crucial with a \"dead\" language like Old Babylonian.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66290937,"asset_id":46925550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3083528,"first_name":"TF","last_name":"Leong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TFLeong","display_name":"TF Leong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TFLeong?f_ri=3034","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":11985,"name":"Akkadian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Akkadian_Language?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":245467,"name":"Hebrew and Semitic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_and_Semitic_linguistics?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35133286" data-work_id="35133286" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35133286/Introduction_to_Semitic_Linguistics_5_">Introduction to Semitic Linguistics (5)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Introduction to Semitic Linguistics 2016-2017: course text #5: Language and Writing [Hebrew]</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35133286" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b143239d24fbaa8a5d892d882e5e0ebc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54994597,"asset_id":35133286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54994597/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149354" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/ShlomoIzreel">Shlomo Izre'el</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149354" type="text/json">{"id":149354,"first_name":"Shlomo","last_name":"Izre'el","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"ShlomoIzreel","display_name":"Shlomo Izre'el","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/ShlomoIzreel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149354/58641/15078973/s65_shlomo.izre_el.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35133286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35133286"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35133286, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35133286", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35133286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35133286; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35133286"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35133286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35133286"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35133286; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35133286]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35133286").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35133286").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35133286"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35133286]'), work: {"id":35133286,"title":"Introduction to Semitic Linguistics (5)","created_at":"2017-11-13T05:58:22.459-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35133286/Introduction_to_Semitic_Linguistics_5_?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_35133286","summary":"Introduction to Semitic Linguistics 2016-2017: course text #5: Language and Writing [Hebrew]","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54994597,"asset_id":35133286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":149354,"first_name":"Shlomo","last_name":"Izre'el","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"ShlomoIzreel","display_name":"Shlomo Izre'el","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/ShlomoIzreel?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149354/58641/15078973/s65_shlomo.izre_el.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33463572" data-work_id="33463572" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33463572/Language_Contact_and_the_Genesis_of_Mishnaic_Hebrew">Language Contact and the Genesis of Mishnaic Hebrew</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: The origin of Mishnaic Hebrew and its differences from Biblical Hebrew have been explained in different ways, e.g., in terms of chronological development (MH is later), register (MH is colloquial), or geographic (MH originated... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33463572" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: The origin of Mishnaic Hebrew and its differences from Biblical Hebrew have been explained in different ways, e.g., in terms of chronological development (MH is later), register (MH is colloquial), or geographic (MH originated elsewhere than in Judea). None of these accounts explain, however, just why MH is different in the way that it is different, especially in the pronounced and drastic simplification of its verbal system vis-a-vis BH.<br /><br />Recent advances in contact linguistics suggest that MH originated out of a very specific kind of contact with Aramaic, namely, the fairly rapid adult acquisition of Hebrew as a second language by Aramaic speakers, which left the language permanently changed. The most likely historical framework for this contact situation is the expansion of the Jewish state under the Hasmoneans in the second and first centuries BCE.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33463572" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f70441bc9aabb1672a8a11a37f1cd8fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53509043,"asset_id":33463572,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53509043/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="183905" href="https://cua.academia.edu/EdwardCook">Edward Cook</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="183905" type="text/json">{"id":183905,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Cook","domain_name":"cua","page_name":"EdwardCook","display_name":"Edward Cook","profile_url":"https://cua.academia.edu/EdwardCook?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183905/89425/10416940/s65_edward.cook.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33463572 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33463572"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33463572, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33463572", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33463572]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33463572").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33463572").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33463572"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">27</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="664" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature">Hebrew Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="664" type="text/json">{"id":664,"name":"Hebrew Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="778" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_">Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="778" type="text/json">{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1205" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics">Contact Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1205" type="text/json">{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33463572]'), work: {"id":33463572,"title":"Language Contact and the Genesis of Mishnaic Hebrew","created_at":"2017-06-14T09:57:53.560-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33463572/Language_Contact_and_the_Genesis_of_Mishnaic_Hebrew?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_33463572","summary":"Abstract: The origin of Mishnaic Hebrew and its differences from Biblical Hebrew have been explained in different ways, e.g., in terms of chronological development (MH is later), register (MH is colloquial), or geographic (MH originated elsewhere than in Judea). None of these accounts explain, however, just why MH is different in the way that it is different, especially in the pronounced and drastic simplification of its verbal system vis-a-vis BH.\n\nRecent advances in contact linguistics suggest that MH originated out of a very specific kind of contact with Aramaic, namely, the fairly rapid adult acquisition of Hebrew as a second language by Aramaic speakers, which left the language permanently changed. The most likely historical framework for this contact situation is the expansion of the Jewish state under the Hasmoneans in the second and first centuries BCE.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53509043,"asset_id":33463572,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183905,"first_name":"Edward","last_name":"Cook","domain_name":"cua","page_name":"EdwardCook","display_name":"Edward Cook","profile_url":"https://cua.academia.edu/EdwardCook?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183905/89425/10416940/s65_edward.cook.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":664,"name":"Hebrew Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034"},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034"},{"id":2525,"name":"Language Variation and Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Variation_and_Change?f_ri=3034"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":3052,"name":"Aramaic Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Dialectology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=3034"},{"id":13477,"name":"Rabbinics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=3034"},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=3034"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=3034"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":35929,"name":"Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew?f_ri=3034"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":57391,"name":"Mishnaic Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mishnaic_Hebrew?f_ri=3034"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034"},{"id":460942,"name":"History of the Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034"},{"id":977606,"name":"Aramaic and Targum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_and_Targum?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6332507" data-work_id="6332507" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6332507/Zewi_Tamar_2007_Nominal_Clause_Patterns_in_the_Geez_Octateuch_In_Bar_T_and_Cohen_E_Eds_Studies_in_Semitic_and_General_Linguistics_in_Honor_of_Gideon_Goldenberg_Alter_Orient_und_Altes_Testament_334_M%C3%BCnster_Ugarit_Verlag_181_207">Zewi, Tamar. 2007. “Nominal Clause Patterns in the Geez Octateuch.” In: Bar, T. & Cohen, E. Eds. Studies in Semitic and General Linguistics in Honor of Gideon Goldenberg. (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 334). Münster: Ugarit-Verlag: 181-207.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6332507" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da5840a814fed9756ccaa6fe3df06943" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33163381,"asset_id":6332507,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33163381/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6332507 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6332507"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6332507, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6332507", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/42163145/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A9">تقنيات المبالغة فى الصفة في الجعزية والعبرية والعربية دراسة لغوية مقارنة</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">تتنوع صور المبالغة وتختلف تقنيات اللغات السامية في التعبير عنها، ويهدف البحث إلي تحديد تلك التقنيات في اللغة الجعزية واللغة العبرية واللغة العربية، في إطار تطبيق المنهج المقارن للوصول إلي أوجه التشابه والاختلاف بين التقنيات التى تتبعها... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42163145" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">تتنوع صور المبالغة وتختلف تقنيات اللغات السامية في التعبير عنها، ويهدف البحث إلي تحديد تلك التقنيات في اللغة الجعزية واللغة العبرية واللغة العربية، في إطار تطبيق المنهج المقارن للوصول إلي أوجه التشابه والاختلاف بين التقنيات التى تتبعها اللغات السامية محل الدراسة</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42163145" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3b38ce5dd1066914d66737fad52d06c6" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="151560" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoeuropean_Linguistics">Indoeuropean Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="151560" type="text/json">{"id":151560,"name":"Indoeuropean Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoeuropean_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38574338]'), work: {"id":38574338,"title":"Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Semitic root incompatibilities: a new typological 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66551810" data-work_id="66551810" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66551810/Learning_to_differentiate_between_apparent_synonyms">Learning to differentiate between apparent synonyms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66551810" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b018285f80e6a079d0c64c75c9c2af8f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77699047,"asset_id":66551810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77699047/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="414682" href="https://yeshivasmir.academia.edu/ReuvenChaimKlein">Reuven Chaim Klein</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="414682" type="text/json">{"id":414682,"first_name":"Reuven Chaim","last_name":"Klein","domain_name":"yeshivasmir","page_name":"ReuvenChaimKlein","display_name":"Reuven Chaim Klein","profile_url":"https://yeshivasmir.academia.edu/ReuvenChaimKlein?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/414682/253794/14790384/s65_reuven_chaim.klein.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66551810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66551810"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66551810, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66551810", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66551810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span 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Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66551810]'), work: {"id":66551810,"title":"Learning to differentiate between apparent synonyms","created_at":"2021-12-30T05:15:31.586-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66551810/Learning_to_differentiate_between_apparent_synonyms?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_66551810","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77699047,"asset_id":66551810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":414682,"first_name":"Reuven Chaim","last_name":"Klein","domain_name":"yeshivasmir","page_name":"ReuvenChaimKlein","display_name":"Reuven Chaim Klein","profile_url":"https://yeshivasmir.academia.edu/ReuvenChaimKlein?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/414682/253794/14790384/s65_reuven_chaim.klein.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=3034"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":13769,"name":"Lexical Semantics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexical_Semantics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3034"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=3034"},{"id":95162,"name":"Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammar?f_ri=3034"},{"id":102089,"name":"Biblical Hebrew poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_poetry?f_ri=3034"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":263632,"name":"Contrastive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrastive_Linguistics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":296303,"name":"Babel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Babel?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1180378,"name":"Synonyms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synonyms?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1664576,"name":"Homophones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homophones?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19858598" data-work_id="19858598" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19858598/Emphatics_Sibilants_and_Interdentals_in_Hebrew_and_Ugaritic_An_Interlocking_Model_Ugarit_Forschungen_46_2015_373_397_">Emphatics, Sibilants and Interdentals in Hebrew and Ugaritic: An Interlocking Model (Ugarit-Forschungen 46 [2015]: 373-397)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19858598" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1bbafbd33d3e4647e7f2d8f55f4e8b4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50824079,"asset_id":19858598,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50824079/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16061904" href="https://lu.academia.edu/OlaWikander">Ola Wikander</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16061904" 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{ var workId = 19858598; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19858598"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19858598 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19858598"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19858598; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19858598]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19858598").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19858598").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19858598"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11986" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language">Ugaritic Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11986" type="text/json">{"id":11986,"name":"Ugaritic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19858598]'), work: {"id":19858598,"title":"Emphatics, Sibilants and Interdentals in Hebrew and Ugaritic: An Interlocking Model (Ugarit-Forschungen 46 [2015]: 373-397)","created_at":"2015-12-27T18:38:39.491-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19858598/Emphatics_Sibilants_and_Interdentals_in_Hebrew_and_Ugaritic_An_Interlocking_Model_Ugarit_Forschungen_46_2015_373_397_?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_19858598","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50824079,"asset_id":19858598,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16061904,"first_name":"Ola","last_name":"Wikander","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"OlaWikander","display_name":"Ola Wikander","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/OlaWikander?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16061904/4872157/17528816/s65_ola.wikander.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":11986,"name":"Ugaritic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":34790,"name":"Ugaritic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Studies?f_ri=3034"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=3034"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=3034"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38265082" data-work_id="38265082" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38265082/The_Ancient_and_Modern_Hebrew_Language_A_Short_History_Contrast_and_Comparison">The Ancient and Modern Hebrew Language: A Short History, Contrast, and Comparison</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Hebrew language is a wonderful example of linguistic resilience in the wide and diverse realm of world languages. The language is today the revived and flourishing medium of communication for the people of the modern state of Israel,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38265082" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Hebrew language is a wonderful example of linguistic resilience in the wide and diverse realm of world languages. The language is today the revived and flourishing medium of communication for the people of the modern state of Israel, yet its history runs far deeper than most other languages found in our world. In this paper, the language is examined from an integrated perspective of Hebrew culture, Middle Eastern history, and diachronic linguistics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38265082" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d140554a851542ab9d2ad7e3536c71ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58308957,"asset_id":38265082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58308957/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24096942" href="https://rit.academia.edu/PhilipLombardo">Philip A Lombardo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24096942" type="text/json">{"id":24096942,"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Lombardo","domain_name":"rit","page_name":"PhilipLombardo","display_name":"Philip A Lombardo","profile_url":"https://rit.academia.edu/PhilipLombardo?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24096942/6503004/134368649/s65_philip.lombardo.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38265082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38265082"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38265082, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38265082", }); 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The language is today the revived and flourishing medium of communication for the people of the modern state of Israel, yet its history runs far deeper than most other languages found in our world. 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31335177 coauthored" data-work_id="31335177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31335177/%D8%A3_%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_pdf">أ. د. شموئيل موريه يتحدث عن النص الكامل لكتاب تاريخ الجبرتي، عجائب الآثار في التراجم والأخبار..pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">أ. د. شموئيل موريه من الجامعة العبرية في القدس يتحدث عن النص الكامل لكتاب تاريخ الجبرتي، عجائب الآثار في التراجم والأخبار.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31335177" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ab552d948d2c7ea327ead5614bc2b604" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51721281,"asset_id":31335177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" 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Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Tafsir_Studies?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1223708,"name":"Qur'anic and Hadith sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_and_Hadith_sciences?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1223709,"name":"Islamic law and jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_law_and_jurisprudence-1?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1223710,"name":"Muslim philosophy and thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_philosophy_and_thought?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30194884 coauthored" data-work_id="30194884" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30194884/Mikael_and_Mikeset_in_Beth_Shean_JSSEA_42_2015_2016_113_23">Mikael and Mikeset in Beth Shean. JSSEA 42 (2015-2016) 113-23</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The site of Beth Shean has revealed an intriguing case of linguistic familiarity and exchange between the New Kingdom Egyptian occupants and the Semitic populations in their own land: the knowledge of the Semitic pattern of divine... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30194884" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The site of Beth Shean has revealed an intriguing case of linguistic familiarity and exchange between the New Kingdom Egyptian occupants and the Semitic populations in their own land: the knowledge of the Semitic pattern of divine incomparability [mî + kā + divine name] by the Egyptian authorities is evinced by the way they used it on the first Beth Shean stela erected in occupied territory to interact, in a rather subtle way, with the local population. We propose to read makst makst as a Semitic interrogative of praise מי-כ-סת 'Who is like Seth?' and will offer evidence for this from elsewhere on the stela and from two literary texts. Other examples of the pattern in hieroglyphic and hieratic scripts from the Middle Kingdom to the Third Intermediate Period corroborate this reading, especially another famous document belonging to the private religious sphere discovered in Beth Shean, the 'Mekal Stela'.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30194884" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0a6ba06a73ab18106807defee76724f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57676326,"asset_id":30194884,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57676326/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4613277" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/ErnestBumann">Ernest Bumann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4613277" type="text/json">{"id":4613277,"first_name":"Ernest","last_name":"Bumann","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"ErnestBumann","display_name":"Ernest Bumann","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/ErnestBumann?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4613277/1926576/2280977/s65_ernest.bumann.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-30194884">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-30194884"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://huji.academia.edu/ArletteDavid">Arlette David</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-30194884'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-30194884').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30194884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30194884"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30194884, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30194884", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30194884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30194884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30194884"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30194884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30194884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30194884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30194884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30194884").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30194884").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30194884"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3786" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Ancient_Israel">Archaeology of Ancient Israel</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3786" type="text/json">{"id":3786,"name":"Archaeology of Ancient Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Ancient_Israel?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3904" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics">Onomastics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3904" type="text/json">{"id":3904,"name":"Onomastics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30194884]'), work: {"id":30194884,"title":"Mikael and Mikeset in Beth Shean. JSSEA 42 (2015-2016) 113-23","created_at":"2016-12-01T02:38:26.364-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30194884/Mikael_and_Mikeset_in_Beth_Shean_JSSEA_42_2015_2016_113_23?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_30194884","summary":"The site of Beth Shean has revealed an intriguing case of linguistic familiarity and exchange between the New Kingdom Egyptian occupants and the Semitic populations in their own land: the knowledge of the Semitic pattern of divine incomparability [mî + kā + divine name] by the Egyptian authorities is evinced by the way they used it on the first Beth Shean stela erected in occupied territory to interact, in a rather subtle way, with the local population. We propose to read makst makst as a Semitic interrogative of praise מי-כ-סת 'Who is like Seth?' and will offer evidence for this from elsewhere on the stela and from two literary texts. Other examples of the pattern in hieroglyphic and hieratic scripts from the Middle Kingdom to the Third Intermediate Period corroborate this reading, especially another famous document belonging to the private religious sphere discovered in Beth Shean, the 'Mekal Stela'.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57676326,"asset_id":30194884,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4613277,"first_name":"Ernest","last_name":"Bumann","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"ErnestBumann","display_name":"Ernest Bumann","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/ErnestBumann?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4613277/1926576/2280977/s65_ernest.bumann.jpg"},{"id":281655,"first_name":"Arlette","last_name":"David","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"ArletteDavid","display_name":"Arlette David","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/ArletteDavid?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/281655/57564/53328/s65_arlette.david.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3786,"name":"Archaeology of Ancient Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Ancient_Israel?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3904,"name":"Onomastics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3034"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3034"},{"id":64832,"name":"Ancient Scripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Scripts?f_ri=3034"},{"id":1983826,"name":"Theophoric Elements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theophoric_Elements?f_ri=3034"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1101607" data-work_id="1101607" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1101607/Remarques_sur_lappareil_formel_de_l%C3%A9nonciation_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques">Remarques sur l'appareil formel de l'énonciation des langues sémitiques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">In Antoine Lonnet et Amina Mettouchi (Eds.), Les langues chamito-sémitiques (afro-asiatiques), "Faites des Langues" 26/I, Ophrys 2005, pp. 171-180</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1101607" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f1f93ec03b4a77ae1581b90100028761" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":29683909,"asset_id":1101607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Aspesi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/FrancescoAspesi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/919554/353464/422420/s65_francesco.aspesi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1101607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1101607"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1101607, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1101607", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1101607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1101607; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1101607"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1101607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1101607"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1101607; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1101607]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1101607").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1101607").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1101607"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2238" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics">Pragmatics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2238" type="text/json">{"id":2238,"name":"Pragmatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11876" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deixis">Deixis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11876" type="text/json">{"id":11876,"name":"Deixis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deixis?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1101607]'), work: {"id":1101607,"title":"Remarques sur l'appareil formel de l'énonciation des langues sémitiques","created_at":"2011-11-19T00:13:19.646-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1101607/Remarques_sur_lappareil_formel_de_l%C3%A9nonciation_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques?f_ri=3034","dom_id":"work_1101607","summary":"In Antoine Lonnet et Amina Mettouchi (Eds.), Les langues chamito-sémitiques (afro-asiatiques), \"Faites des Langues\" 26/I, Ophrys 2005, pp. 171-180","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":29683909,"asset_id":1101607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":919554,"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Aspesi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"FrancescoAspesi","display_name":"Francesco Aspesi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/FrancescoAspesi?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/919554/353464/422420/s65_francesco.aspesi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2238,"name":"Pragmatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false},{"id":11876,"name":"Deixis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deixis?f_ri=3034","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82521103" data-work_id="82521103" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82521103/_W%C3%B6rter_Sachen_a_case_study_of_a_unidirectional_semantic_shift">‘Wörter’ > ‘Sachen’: a case study of a unidirectional semantic shift</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present paper provides a typological study of the semantic shift from ‘word’ or ‘speech’ and from speech act verbs to nouns with the meaning ‘thing’. The evidence for such a shift was found in various Indo-European and Semitic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82521103" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present paper provides a typological study of the semantic shift from ‘word’ or ‘speech’ and from speech act verbs to nouns with the meaning ‘thing’. The evidence for such a shift was found in various Indo-European and Semitic languages, as well as in Japanese, Hurrian, and Chatino. This semantic shift is unidirectional. The meaning ‘thing (material object)’ can be developed from ‘word’, ‘speech’ or verba dicendi only through the stage ‘matter’. The semantic change in question can have an areal nature. Ancient Near East is an area where it is especially common.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82521103" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cbea3846774cd6b666605261f459a953" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88204401,"asset_id":82521103,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88204401/download_file?st=MTczMjk4NzkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49862635" href="https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/IlyaEgorov">Ilya Egorov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49862635" type="text/json">{"id":49862635,"first_name":"Ilya","last_name":"Egorov","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"IlyaEgorov","display_name":"Ilya Egorov","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/IlyaEgorov?f_ri=3034","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49862635/16452800/16808353/s65__._.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82521103 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82521103"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82521103, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82521103", }); 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