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aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Neighborhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Dallas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Dallas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Central Dallas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Dallas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Dallas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Dallas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>East Dallas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Dallas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oak_Cliff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oak_Cliff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Oak Cliff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oak_Cliff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Dallas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Dallas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>South Dallas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Dallas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Topography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Topography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Race_and_ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race_and_ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Race and ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race_and_ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Sexual orientation and gender identity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Crime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arts and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arts_and_museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Arts and museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Places_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Places of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Places_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Parks and recreation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parks_and_recreation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parks and recreation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fair_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fair_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Fair Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fair_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klyde_Warren_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klyde_Warren_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Klyde Warren Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klyde_Warren_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turtle_Creek_Parkway_park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turtle_Creek_Parkway_park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Turtle Creek Parkway park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turtle_Creek_Parkway_park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lake_Cliff_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lake_Cliff_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Lake Cliff Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lake_Cliff_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reverchon_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reverchon_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Reverchon Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reverchon_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trinity_River_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trinity_River_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Trinity River Project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trinity_River_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katy_Trail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katy_Trail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Katy Trail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katy_Trail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Preserves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preserves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Preserves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preserves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dallas_Zoo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dallas_Zoo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Dallas Zoo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dallas_Zoo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Local_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Local representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_and_state_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_and_state_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Federal and state representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_and_state_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Colleges and universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_city_limits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_city_limits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Colleges and universities within Dallas city limits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_city_limits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_County" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_County"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>Colleges and universities within Dallas County</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_County-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_Research_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_Research_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.3</span> <span>University Research Center</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_Research_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_area_colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_area_colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.4</span> <span>Other area colleges and universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_area_colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Primary and secondary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Private_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span>Private schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Public safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Utilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transit_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transit_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Transit systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transit_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friendship_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friendship_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Friendship cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friendship_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dallas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 148 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-148" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">148 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%8B%E1%88%B5" title="ዳላስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዳላስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A6llas" title="Dællas – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Dællas" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="دالاس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دالاس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Տալաս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Տալաս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="دالاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دالاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="ডালাস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডালাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Далас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Далас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Далас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Далас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Далас – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Далас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(kapital_sa_kondado_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Texas)" title="Dallas (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Texas) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dallas (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Texas)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8" title="डेलस – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="डेलस" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ντάλας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ντάλας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="دالاس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دالاس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(Teksas)" title="Dallas (Teksas) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dallas (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%94%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="達拉斯 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="達拉斯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="دالاس – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="دالاس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8" title="ડલ્લાસ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ડલ્લાસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%88%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="댈러스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="댈러스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Դալաս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դալաս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8" title="डैलस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डैलस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Teksas" title="Dallas, Teksas – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dallas, Teksas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(Texas)" title="Dallas (Texas) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Dallas (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A1" title="דאלאס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דאלאס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="დალასი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დალასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalas_(Teksas)" title="Dalas (Teksas) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Dalas (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Даллас шаары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Даллас шаары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallasium" title="Dallasium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dallasium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalasa" title="Dalasa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dalasa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalasas" title="Dalasas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dalasas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(Texas)" title="Dallas (Texas) – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Dallas (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Далас – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Далас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഡാളസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡാളസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8" title="डॅलस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="डॅलस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="დალასი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დალასი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="دالاس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دالاس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%AB%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဒါးလတ်စ်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒါးလတ်စ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(Texas)" title="Dallas (Texas) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dallas (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" title="ダラス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダラス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B8" title="ਡਾਲਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਡਾਲਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B3" title="ڈیلس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈیلس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ڊلاس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڊلاس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Teksas" title="Dallas, Teksas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dallas, Teksas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="داڵاس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داڵاس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Далас – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Далас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" title="Dallas, Texas – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dallas, Texas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="டாலஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டாலஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="డల్లాస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="డల్లాస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="แดลลัส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แดลลัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81,_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас, Техас – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даллас, Техас" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Даллас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Даллас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ڈیلاس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈیلاس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(Texas)" title="Dallas (Texas) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Dallas (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_(T%C3%A4xas%C3%A4n)" title="Dallas (Täxasän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Dallas (Täxasän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="达拉斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="达拉斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%94%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="達拉斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="達拉斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%94%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="達拉斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="達拉斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Dallas" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16557#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas,_Texas&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas, Texas</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dallas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dallas (disambiguation)">Dallas (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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For the record label, see <a href="/wiki/D-Town_Records" title="D-Town Records">D-Town Records</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Texas, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow 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.ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Dallas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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.trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="height:192px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg/288px-View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg/432px-View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg/576px-View_of_Dallas_from_Reunion_Tower_August_2015_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:55px;max-width:55px"><div style="height:79px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Tex_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Big_Tex_2013.jpg/53px-Big_Tex_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="53" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Big_Tex_2013.jpg/80px-Big_Tex_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Big_Tex_2013.jpg/106px-Big_Tex_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">State Fair of Texas</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:121px;max-width:121px"><div style="height:79px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png/119px-Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png" decoding="async" width="119" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png/179px-Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png/238px-Old_Red_Museum_of_Dallas_County_History_%26_Culture.png 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County_Courthouse_(Texas)" title="Dallas County Courthouse (Texas)">Old Red Museum</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:110px;max-width:110px"><div style="height:79px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg/108px-Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg/162px-Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg/216px-Winspear_Opera_House_28.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3140" data-file-height="2320" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Margot_and_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House" title="Margot and Bill Winspear Opera House">Winspear Opera House</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg/138px-Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg/207px-Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg/276px-Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science_pano_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6624" data-file-height="4640" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science" title="Perot Museum of Nature and Science">Perot Museum</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:148px;max-width:148px"><div style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/146px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/219px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/292px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Center" title="American Airlines Center">American Airlines Center</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:114px;max-width:114px"><div style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg/112px-South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg/168px-South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg/224px-South_campus_UTSW_Nima.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Southwestern_Medical_Center" title="University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center">UT Southwestern Medical Center</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:58px;max-width:58px"><div style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg/56px-Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg" decoding="async" width="56" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg/84px-Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg/112px-Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge_designed_by_Santiago_Calatrava.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge" title="Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge">Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:114px;max-width:114px"><div style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_(14012260475).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg/112px-John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg/168px-John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg/224px-John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial_%2814012260475%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial" title="John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial">JFK Memorial</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dallas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Dallas"><img alt="Flag of Dallas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/100px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/150px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/200px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Dallas" title="Flag of Dallas">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Dallas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Dallas"><img alt="Seal of Dallas, Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/90px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/135px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/180px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="199" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Big D, D-Town, Triple D, 214</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 290px; height: 290px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="290" data-height="290" data-zoom="9" data-lat="32.7792" data-lon="-96.8089" data-overlays="["_746f03b8beb0d3ebdafc57e8a3ae8a90bbd84e1e"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/9/32.7792/-96.8089/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,32.7792,-96.8089,290x290.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Dallas&revid=1258730571&groups=_746f03b8beb0d3ebdafc57e8a3ae8a90bbd84e1e" width="290" height="290" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,32.7792,-96.8089,290x290@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Dallas&revid=1258730571&groups=_746f03b8beb0d3ebdafc57e8a3ae8a90bbd84e1e 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map of Dallas</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_map_of_Texas.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Dallas is located in Texas"><img alt="Dallas is located in Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/250px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/375px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/500px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="989" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.583%;left:73.658%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dallas"><img alt="Dallas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Dallas</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Texas</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Texas</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Dallas is located in the United States"><img alt="Dallas is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:69.988%;left:48.529%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dallas"><img alt="Dallas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Dallas</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the United States</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dallas&params=32_46_45_N_96_48_32_W_type:city(1,300,000)_region:US-TX"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°46′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">96°48′32″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.77917°N 96.80889°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.77917; -96.80889</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collin_County,_Texas" title="Collin County, Texas">Collin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denton_County,_Texas" title="Denton County, Texas">Denton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Kaufman County, Texas">Kaufman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Rockwall County, Texas">Rockwall</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">February 2, 1856<span class="noprint">; 168 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1856-02-02</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Council–manager">Council–manager</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Dallas_City_Council" title="Dallas City Council">Dallas City Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Dallas" title="Mayor of Dallas">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Johnson_(Texas_politician)" title="Eric Johnson (Texas politician)">Eric Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">385.9 sq mi (999.2 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">339.604 sq mi (879.56 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">43.87 sq mi (113.60 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-gnis_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">482 ft (147 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020)<sup id="cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,304,379</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_cities_by_population" title="List of North American cities by population">21st</a> in North America<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">9th</a> in the United States<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Texas" title="List of municipalities in Texas">3rd</a> in Texas</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,840.88/sq mi (1,482.97/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-urban_area_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban_area-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,732,354 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">6th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,281.5/sq mi (1,267.0/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2020Pop_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Pop-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,637,387 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">4th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dallasite</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$688.928 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">Central</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">Central</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>ZIP Codes<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;display:none"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">75201-75212, 75214-75238, 75240-75244, 75246-75254, 75260-75267, 75270, 75275, 75277, 75283-75285, 75287, 75301, 75303, 75312-75313, 75315, 75320, 75326, 75336, 75339, 75342, 75354-75360, 75367-75368, 75370-75374, 75376, 75378-75382, 75389-75395, 75397-75398</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_214,_469,_972,_and_945" title="Area codes 214, 469, 972, and 945">214, 469, 945, 972</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standards" title="Federal Information Processing Standards">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">48-19000<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">2410288<sup id="cite_ref-gnis_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallascityhall.com/">dallascityhall.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Dallas</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>) is a city in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and the most populous city in the <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">most populous metropolitan area in Texas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States</a> at 7.5 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the most populous city in and <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas County</a> with portions extending into <a href="/wiki/Collin_County,_Texas" title="Collin County, Texas">Collin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denton_County,_Texas" title="Denton County, Texas">Denton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Kaufman County, Texas">Kaufman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Rockwall County, Texas">Rockwall</a> counties. With a <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a> population of 1,304,379, it is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">ninth-most populous city in the U.S.</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Texas_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Texas by population">third-most populous city in Texas</a> after <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Infoplease-2023_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Infoplease-2023-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located in the <a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a> region, the city of Dallas is the main core of the largest metropolitan area in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a> and the largest inland metropolitan area in the U.S. that lacks any navigable link to the sea.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas and nearby <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a> were initially developed as a product of the construction of major railroad lines through the area allowing access to <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> in North and <a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">East Texas</a>. The construction of the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a> reinforced Dallas's prominence as a <a href="/wiki/Transport_hub" title="Transport hub">transportation hub</a>, with four major interstate highways converging in the city and a fifth interstate loop around it. Dallas then developed as a strong industrial and <a href="/wiki/Financial_centre" title="Financial centre">financial center</a> and a major <a href="/wiki/Inland_port" title="Inland port">inland port</a>, due to the convergence of major railroad lines, interstate highways, and the construction of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Fort_Worth_International_Airport" title="Dallas Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas Fort Worth International Airport</a>, one of the largest and <a href="/wiki/List_of_busiest_airports_by_passenger_traffic" title="List of busiest airports by passenger traffic">busiest airports</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_dallas2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook_dallas2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Dallas Area Rapid Transit">Dallas Area Rapid Transit</a> (DART) operates rail and bus transit services throughout the city and its surrounding suburbs.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dominant sectors of its diverse economy include <a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">financial services</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">telecommunications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Dallas" title="Transportation in Dallas">transportation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex hosts 23 <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500"><i>Fortune</i> 500</a> companies, the second-most in Texas and fourth-most in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-ODOnnell-2022_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODOnnell-2022-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fortune-2022a_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune-2022a-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 11 of those companies are located within Dallas city limits.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune-2022_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune-2022-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="List of colleges and universities in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Over 41 colleges and universities</a> are located within its metropolitan area, which is the most of any metropolitan area in Texas. The city has a population from a myriad of ethnic and religious backgrounds and is one of the largest <a href="/wiki/LGBT_demographics_of_the_United_States" title="LGBT demographics of the United States">LGBT communities in the U.S.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lindsey-2019a_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsey-2019a-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/WalletHub" title="WalletHub">WalletHub</a> named Dallas the fifth-most diverse city in the United States in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas" title="History of Dallas">History of Dallas</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Dallas" title="Timeline of Dallas">Timeline of Dallas</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cram_Dallas,_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg/220px-Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg/330px-Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg/440px-Cram_Dallas%2C_Texas_1890_UTA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3201" data-file-height="4176" /></a><figcaption>George C. Cram's 1890 map of Dallas</figcaption></figure> <p>Indigenous tribes in <a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a> included the <a href="/wiki/Caddo" title="Caddo">Caddo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tawakoni" title="Tawakoni">Tawakoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wichita_people" title="Wichita people">Wichita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kickapoo_people" title="Kickapoo people">Kickapoo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spanish colonists claimed the territory of Texas in the 18th century as a part of the Viceroyalty of <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>. Later, France also <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">claimed the area</a> but never established much settlement. In all, six flags have flown over the area preceding and during the city's history: those of France, Spain, and Mexico, the flag of the Republic of Texas, the Confederate flag, and the flag of the United States of America.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1819, the <a href="/wiki/Adams%E2%80%93On%C3%ADs_Treaty" title="Adams–Onís Treaty">Adams–Onís Treaty</a> between the United States and Spain defined the <a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red River</a> as the northern boundary of New Spain, officially placing the future location of Dallas well within Spanish territory.<sup id="cite_ref-bolton_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bolton-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when <a href="/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence" title="Mexican War of Independence">Mexico declared independence from Spain</a>, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of <a href="/wiki/Coahuila_y_Tejas" title="Coahuila y Tejas">Coahuila y Tejas</a>. In 1836, <a href="/wiki/Texians" title="Texians">Texians</a>, with a majority of <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Americans" title="Anglo-Americans">Anglo-American</a> settlers, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Revolution" title="Texas Revolution">gained independence from Mexico</a> and formed the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_republic_of_texas_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook_republic_of_texas-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three years after Texas achieved independence, <a href="/wiki/John_Neely_Bryan" title="John Neely Bryan">John Neely Bryan</a> surveyed the area around present-day Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1839, accompanied by his dog and a Cherokee he called Ned, he planted a stake in the ground on a bluff located near three forks of the Trinity River and left.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, in 1841, he returned to establish a permanent settlement named Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1839%E2%80%931855)#Establishment" title="History of Dallas (1839–1855)">origin of the name</a> is uncertain. The official historical marker states it was named after Vice President <a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">George M. Dallas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. However, this is disputed. Other potential theories for the origin include his brother, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_J._Dallas_(United_States_Navy_officer)" title="Alexander J. Dallas (United States Navy officer)">Commodore Alexander James Dallas</a>, as well as brothers Walter R. Dallas and James R. Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further theory gives the ultimate origin as the village of <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Moray" title="Dallas, Moray">Dallas, Moray</a>, Scotland,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> similar to the way <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas, was named after <a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston" title="Sam Houston">Sam Houston</a>, whose ancestors came from the Scottish village of <a href="/wiki/Houston,_Renfrewshire" title="Houston, Renfrewshire">Houston, Renfrewshire</a>. </p><p>The Republic of Texas was <a href="/wiki/Texas_annexation" title="Texas annexation">annexed by the United States in 1845</a> and Dallas County was established the following year. Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1856.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_dallas2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook_dallas2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid-1800s, a group of French Socialists established <a href="/wiki/La_R%C3%A9union_(Dallas)" title="La Réunion (Dallas)">La Réunion</a>, a short-lived community, along the Trinity River in what is now West Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg/220px-Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg/330px-Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg/440px-Postcard_of_crowd_two_hours_after_the_lynching_of_Allen_Brooks_in_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="770" /></a><figcaption>A postcard of the <a href="/wiki/Lynching" title="Lynching">lynching</a> of Allen Brooks in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a>, 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>With the construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and was booming by the end of the 19th century. It became an industrial city, attracting workers from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, the South, and the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_Building" title="Praetorian Building">Praetorian Building</a> in Dallas of 15 stories, built in 1909, was among the first <a href="/wiki/Skyscrapers" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyscrapers">skyscrapers</a> west of <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">the Mississippi</a> and the tallest building in Texas for some time.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It marked the prominence of Dallas as a city. A racetrack for <a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred">thoroughbreds</a> was built and their owners established the Dallas Jockey Club. Trotters raced at a track in Fort Worth, where a similar drivers club was based. The rapid expansion of population increased competition for jobs and housing. </p><p>In 1910, a white mob of hundreds of people <a href="/wiki/Lynching" title="Lynching">lynched</a> a black man, <a href="/wiki/Lynching_of_Allen_Brooks" title="Lynching of Allen Brooks">Allen Brooks</a>, accused of raping a little girl. The mob tortured Brooks, then killed him at the downtown <a href="/wiki/Main_Street_District,_Dallas" title="Main Street District, Dallas">intersection of Main and Akard</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hanging" title="Hanging">hanging</a> him from a decorative archway inscribed with the words "Welcome Visitors". Thousands of Dallasites came to gawk at the torture scene, collecting keepsakes and posing for photographs.<sup id="cite_ref-Minutaglio_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minutaglio-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1921, the Mexican president <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Obreg%C3%B3n" title="Álvaro Obregón">Álvaro Obregón</a> along with the former revolutionary general visited Downtown Dallas's Mexican Park in <a href="/wiki/Little_Mexico" title="Little Mexico">Little Mexico</a>; the small park was on the corner of Akard and Caruth Street, site of the current Fairmont Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The small neighborhood of Little Mexico was home to a Latin American population that had been drawn to Dallas by factors including the <a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a>, better living conditions,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Mexican Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, business in construction was flourishing in 1930. That year, <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Marion_%22Dad%22_Joiner" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbus Marion "Dad" Joiner">Columbus Marion "Dad" Joiner</a> struck oil 100 miles (160 km) east of Dallas in <a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a>, spawning the East <a href="/wiki/Texas_Oil_Boom" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Oil Boom">Texas oil boom</a>. Dallas quickly became the financial center for the oil industry in Texas and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-historicalsociety_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historicalsociety-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Dallas was a major manufacturing center for military automobiles and aircraft for the United States and Allied forces. Over 94,000 jeeps and over 6,000 military trucks were produced at the Ford plant in East Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> North American Aviation manufactured over 18,000 aircraft at their plant in Dallas, including the <a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">T-6 Texan</a> trainer, <a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">P-51 Mustang</a> fighter, and <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator" title="Consolidated B-24 Liberator">B-24 Liberator</a> bomber.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JFK_limousine.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/JFK_limousine.png/220px-JFK_limousine.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/JFK_limousine.png/330px-JFK_limousine.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/JFK_limousine.png/440px-JFK_limousine.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> riding in a <a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">convertible car</a> outside Dallas, along with his wife, <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackie Kennedy">Jacqueline</a>, and others inside, minutes before <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of John F. Kennedy">he was assassinated</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On November 22, 1963, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">United States President</a> <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy was assassinated</a> on Elm Street while his <a href="/wiki/Presidential_state_car_(United_States)#Kennedy_X-100_(1961–1977)" title="Presidential state car (United States)">motorcade</a> passed through <a href="/wiki/Dealey_Plaza" title="Dealey Plaza">Dealey Plaza</a> in Downtown Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upper two floors of the building from which the Warren Commission reported <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">assassin</a> <a href="/wiki/Lee_Harvey_Oswald" title="Lee Harvey Oswald">Lee Harvey Oswald</a> shot Kennedy have been converted into a historical museum covering the former president's life and accomplishments.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kennedy was pronounced dead at Dallas <a href="/wiki/Parkland_Memorial_Hospital" title="Parkland Memorial Hospital">Parkland Memorial Hospital</a> just over 30 minutes after the shooting. </p><p>On July 7, 2016, <a href="/wiki/2016_shooting_of_Dallas_police_officers" title="2016 shooting of Dallas police officers">multiple shots were fired at a Black Lives Matter protest in Downtown Dallas</a>, held against the police killings of two black men from other states. The gunman, later identified as Micah Xavier Johnson, began firing at police officers at 8:58 p.m., killing five officers and injuring nine. Two bystanders were also injured. This marked the deadliest day for U.S. law enforcement since the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>. Johnson told police during a standoff that he was upset about recent police shootings of black men and wanted to kill whites, especially white officers.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After hours of negotiation failed, police resorted to a robot-delivered bomb, killing Johnson inside <a href="/wiki/Dallas_College_El_Centro_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas College El Centro Campus">Dallas College El Centro Campus</a>. The shooting occurred in an area of hotels, restaurants, businesses, and residential apartments only a few blocks away from Dealey Plaza. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg/220px-The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg/330px-The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg/440px-The_Crescent_Uptown_Dallas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="556" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Uptown_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Uptown Dallas">Uptown Dallas</a> with <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> on the end</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg/220px-Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg/330px-Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg/440px-Dallas_bridge_skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Named after a Dallas philanthropist, the <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge" title="Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge">Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge</a> spans the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_(Texas)" title="Trinity River (Texas)">Trinity River</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dallas is situated in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>, in <a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a>. It is the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas County</a> and portions of the city extend into neighboring <a href="/wiki/Collin_County,_Texas" title="Collin County, Texas">Collin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denton_County,_Texas" title="Denton County, Texas">Denton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Kaufman County, Texas">Kaufman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Rockwall County, Texas">Rockwall</a> counties. Many suburbs surround Dallas; three <a href="/wiki/Enclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclave">enclaves</a> are within the city boundaries—<a href="/wiki/Cockrell_Hill,_Texas" title="Cockrell Hill, Texas">Cockrell Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_Texas" title="Highland Park, Texas">Highland Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 385.8 square miles (999.3 km<sup>2</sup>); 340.5 square miles (881.9 km<sup>2</sup>) of Dallas is land and 45.3 square miles (117.4 km<sup>2</sup>) of it (11.75%) is water.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas makes up one-fifth of the much larger urbanized area known as the <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a>, in which one quarter of all Texans live. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Dallas_Landmarks" title="List of Dallas Landmarks">List of Dallas Landmarks</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Dallas" title="List of tallest buildings in Dallas">List of tallest buildings in Dallas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg/220px-Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg/330px-Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg/440px-Downtown_skyline_from_the_design_district.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1856" data-file-height="1242" /></a><figcaption>Dallas skyline with <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> in the background and <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas" title="Victory Park, Dallas">Victory Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uptown_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Uptown Dallas">Uptown Dallas</a> in the foreground (early 2022)</figcaption></figure> <p>Dallas's skyline has twenty buildings classified as <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscrapers</a>, over 490 feet (150 m) in height.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite its tallest building not reaching 980 feet (300 m), Dallas does have a signature building in <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Plaza_(Dallas)" title="Bank of America Plaza (Dallas)">Bank of America Plaza</a> which is lit up in neon but falls outside the top two hundred tallest buildings in the world. Although some of Dallas's architecture dates from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most of the notable architecture in the city is from the <a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">modernist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">postmodernist</a> eras. Iconic examples of modernist architecture include <a href="/wiki/Reunion_Tower" title="Reunion Tower">Reunion Tower</a>, the <a href="/wiki/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial" title="John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial">John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial</a>, <a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dallas_City_Hall" title="Dallas City Hall">Dallas City Hall</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Morton_H._Meyerson_Symphony_Center" title="Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center">Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Good examples of postmodernist skyscrapers are <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Place" title="Fountain Place">Fountain Place</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Plaza_(Dallas)" title="Bank of America Plaza (Dallas)">Bank of America Plaza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Tower_(Dallas)" title="Renaissance Tower (Dallas)">Renaissance Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase_Tower_(Dallas)" class="mw-redirect" title="JPMorgan Chase Tower (Dallas)">JPMorgan Chase Tower</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Comerica_Bank_Tower" title="Comerica Bank Tower">Comerica Bank Tower</a>. <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> also has residential offerings in downtown, some of which are signature skyline buildings. </p><p>Several smaller structures are fashioned in the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival</a> style, such as the <a href="/wiki/Kirby_Building" title="Kirby Building">Kirby Building</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">neoclassical</a> style, as seen in the <a href="/wiki/Davis_Building_(Dallas,_Texas)" title="Davis Building (Dallas, Texas)">Davis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wilson_Building_(Dallas,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilson Building (Dallas, Texas)">Wilson</a> Buildings. One architectural "hotbed" in the city is a stretch of historic houses along <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Avenue" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Avenue">Swiss Avenue</a>, which has all shades and variants of architecture from <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian</a> to neoclassical.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Downtown_Historic_District" title="Dallas Downtown Historic District">Dallas Downtown Historic District</a> protects a cross-section of Dallas commercial architecture from the 1880s to the 1940s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_in_Dallas" title="List of neighborhoods in Dallas">List of neighborhoods in Dallas</a></div><p>The city of Dallas is home to many areas, neighborhoods, and communities. Dallas can be divided into several geographical areas which include larger geographical sections of territory including many subdivisions or neighborhoods, forming macroneighborhoods. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_Dallas">Central Dallas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Central Dallas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Central Dallas is anchored by Downtown Dallas, the center of the city, along with <a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas">Oak Lawn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uptown_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Uptown Dallas">Uptown</a>, areas characterized by dense retail, restaurants, and nightlife.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Downtown Dallas has a variety of named districts, including the <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="West End, Dallas">West End Historic District</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Arts District, Dallas">Arts District</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Main_Street,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Main Street, Dallas">Main Street District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farmers_Market,_Dallas" title="Farmers Market, Dallas">Farmers Market District</a>, the <a href="/wiki/City_Center_District,_Dallas" title="City Center District, Dallas">City Center Business District</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Convention_Center_District,_Dallas" title="Convention Center District, Dallas">Convention Center District</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Reunion,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Reunion, Dallas">Reunion District</a>. This area includes Uptown, <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Park, Dallas, Texas">Victory Park</a>, Harwood, Oak Lawn, <a href="/wiki/The_Design_District_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="The Design District Dallas, Texas">Dallas Design District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Groves,_Dallas" title="Trinity Groves, Dallas">Trinity Groves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cityplace,_Dallas" title="Cityplace, Dallas">Cityplace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knox_Park,_Dallas" title="Knox Park, Dallas">Knox/Henderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Greenville,_Dallas" title="Lower Greenville, Dallas">Greenville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Village,_Dallas" title="West Village, Dallas">West Village</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_Dallas">East Dallas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: East Dallas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/East_Dallas" title="East Dallas">East Dallas</a> is the location of <a href="/wiki/Deep_Ellum" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep Ellum">Deep Ellum</a>, an arts area close to Downtown, the <a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Dallas" title="Lakewood, Dallas">Lakewood</a> neighborhood (and adjacent areas, including <a href="/wiki/Lakewood_Heights,_Dallas" title="Lakewood Heights, Dallas">Lakewood Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilshire_Heights,_Dallas" title="Wilshire Heights, Dallas">Wilshire Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Greenville,_Dallas" title="Lower Greenville, Dallas">Lower Greenville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Junius_Heights,_Dallas" title="Junius Heights, Dallas">Junius Heights</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Heights,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood Heights, Dallas">Hollywood Heights/Santa Monica</a>), <a href="/wiki/Vickery_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="Vickery Place">Vickery Place</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryan Place">Bryan Place</a>, and the architecturally significant neighborhoods of Swiss Avenue and <a href="/wiki/Munger_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="Munger Place">Munger Place</a>. Its historic district has one of the largest collections of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>-inspired <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright#Prairie_Style_houses_(1900–1914)" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">prairie-style</a> homes in the United States. In the northeast quadrant of the city is <a href="/wiki/Lake_Highlands" title="Lake Highlands">Lake Highlands</a>, one of Dallas's most unified middle-class neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-lhaia_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lhaia-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oak_Cliff">Oak Cliff</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Oak Cliff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_(Dallas_Streetcar).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg/220px-Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg/330px-Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg/440px-Oak_Cliff_September_2016_51_%28Dallas_Streetcar%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a> area with its <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Streetcar" title="Dallas Streetcar">Dallas Streetcar</a> and Downtown Dallas on the end</figcaption></figure> <p>Southwest of Downtown lies <a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a>. Once a separate city founded in the mid-1800s, Oak Cliff was annexed in 1903 by Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As one of the oldest areas in Dallas, the hilly North Oak Cliff is home to 5 of the 13 conservation districts in Dallas including the architecturally significant <a href="/wiki/Kessler,_Dallas" title="Kessler, Dallas">Kessler Park</a> neighborhood and trendy <a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Bishop Arts District, Dallas">Bishop Arts District</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Dallas">South Dallas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: South Dallas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/South_Dallas" title="South Dallas">South Dallas</a> is the location of <a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas" title="Cedars, Dallas">Cedars</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a>, where the annual <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">State Fair of Texas</a> is held from late September through mid-October. Also located here is <a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park,_Dallas" title="Exposition Park, Dallas">Exposition Park, Dallas</a>, noted for having artists, art galleries, and bars along tree-lined Exposition Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>South Side Dallas is a popular location for nightly entertainment. The neighborhood has undergone extensive development and community integration. What was once an area characterized by high rates of poverty and crime is now one of the city's most attractive social and living destinations.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further east, in the southeast quadrant of the city, is the large neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Grove,_Dallas" title="Pleasant Grove, Dallas">Pleasant Grove</a>. Once an independent city, it is a collection of mostly lower-income residential areas stretching to <a href="/wiki/Seagoville,_Texas" title="Seagoville, Texas">Seagoville</a> in the southeast. Though a city neighborhood, Pleasant Grove is surrounded by undeveloped land on all sides. Swampland and wetlands separating it from South Dallas are part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Trinity_Forest" title="Great Trinity Forest">Great Trinity Forest</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Great_Trinity_Forest-Dallas_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Great_Trinity_Forest-Dallas-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a subsection of the city's <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_Project" title="Trinity River Project">Trinity River Project</a>, newly appreciated for habitat and <a href="/wiki/Flood_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood control">flood control</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Districts">Districts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Districts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Bishop Arts District, Dallas">Bishop Arts District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Linda_Estates,_Dallas" title="Casa Linda Estates, Dallas">Casa Linda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_View,_Dallas" title="Casa View, Dallas">Casa View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas" title="Cedars, Dallas">Cedars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Ellum,_Dallas" title="Deep Ellum, Dallas">Deep Ellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Design_District,_Dallas" title="Design District, Dallas">Design District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park,_Dallas" title="Exposition Park, Dallas">Exposition Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Hills,_Dallas" title="Highland Hills, Dallas">Highland Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kessler,_Dallas" title="Kessler, Dallas">Kessler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_Park,_Dallas" title="Knox Park, Dallas">Knox-Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Dallas" title="Lakewood, Dallas">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Highlands" title="Lake Highlands">Lake Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Greenville,_Dallas" title="Lower Greenville, Dallas">Lower Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Hills,_Dallas" title="Greenland Hills, Dallas">"M" Streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas">Oak Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Cities,_Texas" title="Park Cities, Texas">Park Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Grove,_Dallas" title="Pleasant Grove, Dallas">Pleasant Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Hollow,_Dallas" title="Preston Hollow, Dallas">Preston Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Medical_District" title="Southwestern Medical District">Southwestern Medical District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Groves,_Dallas" title="Trinity Groves, Dallas">Trinity Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uptown,_Dallas" title="Uptown, Dallas">Uptown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas" title="Victory Park, Dallas">Victory Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_Historic_District_(Dallas)" title="West End Historic District (Dallas)">West End</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1208px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skyline of Dallas at night"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg/1200px-Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg" decoding="async" width="1200" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg/1800px-Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Dallas_WV_banner.jpg" title="File:Downtown Dallas WV banner.jpg"> </a></div>Skyline of Dallas at night</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Topography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg/220px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg/330px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg/440px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_087.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/West_End_Historic_District_(Dallas)" title="West End Historic District (Dallas)">West End Historic District</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_(A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg/220px-Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg/330px-Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg/440px-Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden_September_2017_04_%28A_Woman%27s_Garden_Pool%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden" title="Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden">Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg/220px-ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg/330px-ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg/440px-ISS067-E-170869_Dallas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a><figcaption>Dallas on July 1, 2022, with north oriented down and to the left. Taken during <a href="/wiki/Expedition_67" title="Expedition 67">Expedition 67</a> of the International Space Station.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:White_Rock_Lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/White_Rock_Lake.jpg/220px-White_Rock_Lake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/White_Rock_Lake.jpg/330px-White_Rock_Lake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/White_Rock_Lake.jpg/440px-White_Rock_Lake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/White_Rock_Lake" title="White Rock Lake">White Rock Lake</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bath_House_Cultural_Center" title="Bath House Cultural Center">Bath House Cultural Center</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_Metroplex" title="Geology of the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex">Geology of the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex</a></div> <p>Dallas and its surrounding area are mostly flat. The city lies at elevations ranging from 450 to 550 feet (137 to 168 m) above sea level. The western edge of the Austin Chalk Formation, a <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> <a href="/wiki/Escarpment" title="Escarpment">escarpment</a> (also known as the "White Rock Escarpment"), rises 230 feet (70 m) and runs roughly north–south through Dallas County. South of the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_(Texas)" title="Trinity River (Texas)">Trinity River</a>, the uplift is particularly noticeable in the neighborhoods of Oak Cliff and the adjacent cities of Cockrell Hill, <a href="/wiki/Cedar_Hill,_Texas" title="Cedar Hill, Texas">Cedar Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prairie,_Texas" title="Grand Prairie, Texas">Grand Prairie</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving</a>. Marked variations in terrain are also found in cities immediately to the west in <a href="/wiki/Tarrant_County,_Texas" title="Tarrant County, Texas">Tarrant County</a> surrounding Fort Worth, as well as along Turtle Creek north of Downtown. </p><p>Dallas, like many other cities, was founded along a river. The city was founded at the location of a "white rock crossing" of the Trinity River, where it was easier for wagons to cross the river in the days before ferries or bridges. The Trinity River, though not usefully navigable, is the major waterway through the city. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_35E_(Texas)" title="Interstate 35E (Texas)">Interstate 35E</a> parallels its path through Dallas along the <a href="/wiki/Stemmons_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Stemmons Corridor">Stemmons Corridor</a>, then south alongside the western portion of Downtown and past South Dallas and Pleasant Grove, where the river is paralleled by <a href="/wiki/Interstate_45_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 45 (Texas)">Interstate 45</a> until it exits the city and heads southeast towards <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>. The river is flanked on both sides by 50 feet (15 m) tall earthen <a href="/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">levees</a> to protect the city from frequent floods.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since it was rerouted in the late 1920s, the river has been little more than a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drainage_ditch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drainage ditch (page does not exist)">drainage ditch</a> within a floodplain for several miles above and below Downtown, with a more normal course further upstream and downstream, but as Dallas began shifting towards postindustrial society, public outcry about the lack of aesthetic and recreational use of the river ultimately gave way to the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_Project" title="Trinity River Project">Trinity River Project</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was begun in the early 2000s. </p><p>The project area reaches for over 20 miles (32 km) in length within the city, while the overall geographical land area addressed by the Land Use Plan is approximately 44,000 acres (180 km<sup>2</sup>) in size—about 20% of the land area in Dallas. Green space along the river encompasses approximately 10,000 acres (40 km<sup>2</sup>), making it one of the largest and diverse urban parks in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/White_Rock_Lake" title="White Rock Lake">White Rock Lake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pool_Lake" title="Joe Pool Lake">Joe Pool Lake</a> are reservoirs that comprise Dallas's other significant water features. Built at the beginning of the 20th century, White Rock Lake Park is a popular destination for boaters, rowers, joggers, and bikers, as well as visitors seeking peaceful respite from the city at the 66-acre (267,000 m<sup>2</sup>) <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden" title="Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden">Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden</a>, on the lake's eastern shore. <a href="/wiki/White_Rock_Creek" title="White Rock Creek">White Rock Creek</a> feeds into White Rock Lake and then exits into the Trinity River southeast of Downtown Dallas. Trails along White Rock Creek are part of the extensive Dallas County Trails System. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bachman_Lake" title="Bachman Lake">Bachman Lake</a>, just northwest of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Love Field Airport</a>, is a smaller lake also popularly used for recreation. Northeast of the city is <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ray_Hubbard" title="Lake Ray Hubbard">Lake Ray Hubbard</a>, a vast 22,745-acre (92 km<sup>2</sup>) reservoir in an extension of Dallas surrounded by the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rowlett,_Texas" title="Rowlett, Texas">Rowlett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_Texas" title="Sunnyvale, Texas">Sunnyvale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the west of the city is <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Creek_Lake" title="Mountain Creek Lake">Mountain Creek Lake</a>, once home to the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Air Station Dallas">Naval Air Station Dallas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hensley_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hensley Field">Hensley Field</a>) and a number of defense aircraft manufacturers.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-handbook_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/North_Lake_(Dallas_County,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Lake (Dallas County, Texas)">North Lake</a>, a small body of water in an extension of the city limits surrounded by Irving and <a href="/wiki/Coppell,_Texas" title="Coppell, Texas">Coppell</a>, initially served as a water source for a nearby power plant but is now being targeted for redevelopment as a recreational lake due to its proximity to <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas–Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport</a>, a plan the lake's neighboring cities oppose.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Dallas" title="Climate of Dallas">Climate of Dallas</a></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th>Dallas, Texas </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.31572em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.6511111111111em;height:2.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.851111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">58</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1511111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">38</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.41224em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.0955555555556em;height:2.2333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.328888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">62</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.5955555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">42</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7526em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.9288888888889em;height:2.2777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4288888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">49</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6002em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.751111111111em;height:2.2888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.04em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">77</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2511111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.32156em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.773333333333em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.873333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">85</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.273333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94564em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.64em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.74em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">93</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.14em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">74</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86868em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">1.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:13.073333333333em;height:2.1333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">97</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.573333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">78</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.11252em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:13.04em;height:2.1888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.228888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">97</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.54em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">77</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5748em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.228888888889em;height:2.2111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">90</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.728888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.43332em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.962222222222em;height:2.3111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.273333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">80</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.4622222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">59</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.48844em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.9</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.7511111111111em;height:2.2222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.973333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.2511111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64084em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.8622222222222em;height:2.1555555555556em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.017777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">59</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3622222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a><sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_Weatherbox_NOAA_txt_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_Weatherbox_NOAA_txt-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Metric conversion</th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.31572em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">66</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.6511111111111em;height:2.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.851111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.1511111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">3</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.41224em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">71</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.0955555555556em;height:2.2333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.328888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">17</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.5955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">6</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7526em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">88</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.9288888888889em;height:2.2777777777778em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4288888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">10</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.6002em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">80</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.751111111111em;height:2.2888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.04em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.2511111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">14</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.32156em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">116</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.773333333333em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.873333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">29</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.273333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">19</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94564em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">97</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.64em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.74em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">34</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.14em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">23</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.86868em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">43</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:13.073333333333em;height:2.1333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.573333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.11252em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">56</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:13.04em;height:2.1888888888889em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.228888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">36</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.54em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5748em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">79</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.228888888889em;height:2.2111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.44em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">32</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.728888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.43332em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">122</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.962222222222em;height:2.3111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.273333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">26</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.4622222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">15</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.48844em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">74</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.7511111111111em;height:2.2222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.973333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">20</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.2511111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64084em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">82</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.8622222222222em;height:2.1555555555556em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.017777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">15</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3622222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Dallas has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>: <i>Cfa</i>, <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a>: <i>Cfhk</i>) characteristic of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Southern Plains</a> of the United States. It also has both continental and tropical characteristics, characterized by a relatively wide annual temperature range for the latitude. Located at the lower end of <a href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado Alley</a>, it is prone to extreme weather, tornadoes, and hailstorms. </p><p>Summers in Dallas are very hot with high humidity, although extended periods of dry weather often occur. July and August are typically the hottest months, with an average high of 96.0 <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">°F</a> (36 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">°C</a>) and an average low of 76.7 °F (25 °C). Heat indices regularly surpass 105 °F (41 °C) due to elevated humidity during the summer months, making the summer heat almost unbearable. The all-time record high is 113 °F (45 °C), set on June 26 and 27, 1980 during the <a href="/wiki/Heat_Wave_of_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Heat Wave of 1980">Heat Wave of 1980</a> at nearby <a href="/wiki/Dallas/Fort_Worth_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_Online_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Online-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NWS_Records_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS_Records-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winters in Dallas are usually mild, with occasional cold spells. The average date of first frost is November 12, and the average date of last frost is March 12.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> January is typically the coldest month, with an average daytime high of 56.8 °F (14 °C) and an average nighttime low of 37.3 °F (3 °C). The normal daily average temperature in January is 47.0 °F (8 °C) but sharp swings in temperature can occur, as strong cold fronts known as "<a href="/wiki/Texas_Norther" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Norther">Blue Northers</a>" pass through the Dallas region, forcing temperatures below the 40 °F (4 °C) mark for several days at a time and often between days with high temperatures above 80 °F (27 °C). Snow accumulation is seen in the city in about 70% of winter seasons, and snowfall generally occurs 1–2 days out of the year for a seasonal average of 1.5 inches (4 cm). Some areas in the region, however, receive more than that, while other areas receive negligible snowfall or none at all.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The all-time record low temperature within the city is −10 °F (−23 °C), set on February 12, 1899 during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Blizzard_of_1899" title="Great Blizzard of 1899">Great Blizzard of 1899</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temperature at nearby <a href="/wiki/Dallas/Fort_Worth_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport</a> reached −2 °F (−19 °C) on February 16, 2021, during <a href="/wiki/February_13%E2%80%9317,_2021_North_American_winter_storm" title="February 13–17, 2021 North American winter storm">the February 2021 North American winter storm</a>. </p><p>Spring and autumn are transitional seasons with moderate and pleasant weather. Vibrant <a href="/wiki/Wildflower" title="Wildflower">wildflowers</a> (such as the <a href="/wiki/Bluebonnet_(plant)" title="Bluebonnet (plant)">bluebonnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castilleja" title="Castilleja">Indian paintbrush</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Flora_(plants)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora (plants)">flora</a>) bloom in spring and are planted around the highways throughout Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Springtime weather can be <a href="/wiki/Severe_weather" title="Severe weather">quite volatile</a>, but temperatures themselves are mild. Late spring to early summer also tends to be the most humid, with humidity levels frequently exceeding 75%. The weather in Dallas is also generally pleasant from late September to early December and on many winter days. Autumn often brings more storms and tornado threats, but they are usually fewer and less severe than in spring. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dusk_view_of_the_skyline,_Dallas,_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Dusk_view_of_the_skyline%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2011631144.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7572" data-file-height="5839" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sunset" title="Sunset">Sunset</a> in Downtown Dallas</figcaption></figure> <p>Each spring, cold fronts moving south from the North collide with warm, humid air streaming in from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf Coast">Gulf Coast</a>, leading to severe <a href="/wiki/Thunderstorm" title="Thunderstorm">thunderstorms</a> with <a href="/wiki/Lightning" title="Lightning">lightning</a>, torrents of rain, <a href="/wiki/Hail" title="Hail">hail</a>, and occasionally, <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornadoes</a>. Over time, tornadoes have probably been the most significant natural threat to the city, as it is near the heart of <a href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado Alley</a>. </p><p>A few times each winter in Dallas, warm and humid air from the south will override cold, dry air, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Freezing_rain" title="Freezing rain">freezing rain</a> or ice and causing disruptions in the city if the roads and highways become slick. Temperatures reaching 70 °F (21 °C) on average occur on at least four days each winter month. Dallas averages 26 annual nights at or below freezing,<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_Online_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Online-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the winter of 1999–2000 holding the record for the fewest freezing nights with 14. During this same span of 15 years,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (August 2013)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> the temperature in the region has only twice dropped below 15 °F (−9 °C), though it will generally fall below 20 °F (−7 °C) in most (67%) years.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_Online_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Online-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/USDA" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a> places Dallas in <a href="/wiki/USDA_plant_hardiness_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA plant hardiness zone">Plant Hardiness Zone 8b</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, mild winter temperatures in the past 15 to 20 years had encouraged the horticulture of more cold-sensitive plants such as <i><a href="/wiki/Washingtonia_filifera" title="Washingtonia filifera">Washingtonia filifera</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Washingtonia_robusta" title="Washingtonia robusta">Washingtonia robusta</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Palm_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm tree">palms</a>, nearly all of which died off during <a href="/wiki/February_13%E2%80%9317,_2021_North_American_winter_storm" title="February 13–17, 2021 North American winter storm">the February 2021 North American winter storm</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/American_Lung_Association" title="American Lung Association">American Lung Association</a>, Dallas has the 12th highest air pollution among U.S. cities, ranking it behind Los Angeles and <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the air pollution in Dallas and the surrounding area comes from a hazardous materials incineration plant in the small town of <a href="/wiki/Midlothian,_Texas" title="Midlothian, Texas">Midlothian</a> and from cement plants in neighboring <a href="/wiki/Ellis_County,_Texas" title="Ellis County, Texas">Ellis County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The average daily low in Dallas is 57.4 °F (14 °C), and the average daily high is 76.9 °F (25 °C). Dallas receives approximately 39.1 inches (993 mm) of rain per year. The record snowfall for Dallas was 11.2 inches (28 cm) on February 11, 2010. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dallas_weatherbox" title="Template:Dallas weatherbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dallas_weatherbox" title="Template talk:Dallas weatherbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas_weatherbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas weatherbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini">Climate data for Dallas (<a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Love Field</a>), 1991–2020 normals,<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> extremes 1913–present<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88<br />(31) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">112<br />(44) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">112<br />(44) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">111<br />(44) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">110<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">112<br />(44) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.7<br />(24.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.5<br />(26.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.9<br />(29.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.0<br />(31.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95.0<br />(35.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103.6<br />(39.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">104.1<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.1<br />(37.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.5<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.9<br />(28.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.9<br />(25.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">105.5<br />(40.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.7<br />(14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.0<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.9<br />(21.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.4<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.9<br />(29.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.7<br />(33.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.9<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.1<br />(36.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.0<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.5<br />(26.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8<br />(19.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.2<br />(15.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">77.9<br />(25.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.8<br />(8.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.6<br />(15.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.1<br />(19.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.4<br />(24.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.3<br />(28.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.3<br />(30.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.3<br />(30.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.1<br />(26.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.1<br />(20.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.8<br />(14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.5<br />(9.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">68.0<br />(20.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.9<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.9<br />(5.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.4<br />(9.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.8<br />(13.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.0<br />(18.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.8<br />(23.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.7<br />(25.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.4<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.1<br />(21.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.7<br />(14.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.8<br />(8.8) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.8<br />(4.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58.1<br />(14.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(−5.3) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(−3.1) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(−0.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.3<br />(5.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.2<br />(17.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.8<br />(21.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.4<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.8<br />(13.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(5.6) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(−3.8) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.1<br />(−7.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3<br />(−19) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(−17) </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11<br />(−12) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(−1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53<br />(12) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56<br />(13) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57<br />(14) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36<br />(2) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26<br />(−3) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17<br />(−8) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(−17) </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3<br />(−19) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.59<br />(66) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.78<br />(71) </td> <td style="background: #7BFF7B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.45<br />(88) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.15<br />(80) </td> <td style="background: #52FF52; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.57<br />(116) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.83<br />(97) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.54<br />(65) </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.31<br />(59) </td> <td style="background: #85FF85; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.10<br />(79) </td> <td style="background: #49FF49; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.79<br />(122) </td> <td style="background: #8DFF8D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.93<br />(74) </td> <td style="background: #84FF84; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.23<br />(82) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.33<br />(999) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.76) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.76) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.7<br />(4.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">82.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000FB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.5 </td> <td style="background: #0101FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.4 </td> <td style="background: #0B0BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.7 </td> <td style="background: #0505FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.7 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.8 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.0 </td> <td style="background: #1717FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.5 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000FB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.5 </td> <td style="background: #0404FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.6<br />(5.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.0<br />(16.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(19.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.6<br />(19.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.7<br />(19.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.3<br />(17.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.2<br />(11.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">51.5<br />(10.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183.5 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.3 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">227.7 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">236.0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258.4 </td> <td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">297.8 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">332.4 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">304.5 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">246.2 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">228.1 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183.8 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">173.0 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,849.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF70; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF57; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">64 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (sun, relative humidity, and dew point 1961–1990 at <a href="/wiki/DFW_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="DFW Airport">DFW Airport</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NCDC_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCDC-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_Weatherbox_NOAA_txt_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_Weatherbox_NOAA_txt-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-noaasun_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaasun-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (Average UV index)<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_-_Dallas_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas_-_Dallas-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Dallas" title="Demographics of Dallas">Demographics of Dallas</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sr-only">Note</span></th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>1,073</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>698</td><td></td><td>−34.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>3,000</td><td></td><td>329.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>10,358</td><td></td><td>245.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>38,069</td><td></td><td>267.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>42,639</td><td></td><td>12.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>92,104</td><td></td><td>116.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>158,976</td><td></td><td>72.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>269,475</td><td></td><td>69.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>294,734</td><td></td><td>9.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>434,462</td><td></td><td>47.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>679,684</td><td></td><td>56.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>844,401</td><td></td><td>24.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>904,078</td><td></td><td>7.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>1,006,977</td><td></td><td>11.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>1,188,580</td><td></td><td>18.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>1,197,816</td><td></td><td>0.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>1,304,379</td><td></td><td>8.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">1,302,868</td><td></td><td>−0.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">U.S. Decennial Census<sup id="cite_ref-DecennialCensus_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DecennialCensus-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2010–2020<sup id="cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Dallas is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">ninth-most-populous city in the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Texas_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Texas by population">third in Texas</a> after the cities of <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Infoplease-2023_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Infoplease-2023-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its metropolitan area encompasses one-quarter of the population of Texas, and is the largest in the Southern U.S. and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">Texas</a> followed by the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Greater Houston metropolitan area</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a> the city of Dallas had 1,304,379 residents, an increase of 106,563 since the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-American_Factfinder-2020_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_Factfinder-2020-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, as of July 1, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that Dallas in first years since the 2020 census lost 4,835 people, leaving the city with a population of 1,299,544.<sup id="cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were 524,498 households at the 2020 estimates,<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2020_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2020-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> up from 2010's 458,057 households, out of which 137,523 had children under the age of 18 living with them.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2020a_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2020a-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 36.2% of households were headed by married couples living together, 57.2% had a single householder male or female with no spouse present, and 35.6% were classified as non-family households with the householder living alone.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2020_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2020-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, 33.7% of all households had one or more people under 18 years of age, and 17.6% had one or more people who were 65 years of age or older. The average household size in 2020 was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.41.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2020a_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2020a-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, the owner-occupied housing rate was 40.2% and the renter-occupied housing rate was 59.8%.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the 2010 census, the city's age distribution of the population showed 26.5% under the age of 18 and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.8 years. In 2010, 50.0% of the population was male and 50.0% was female.<sup id="cite_ref-Census_20102_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_20102-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, the median age 32.9 years; for every 100 females, there were 98.4 males.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 2020 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, the median income for a household in the city was $54,747; families had a median household income of $60,895; married-couple families $81,761; and non-families $45,658.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003–2007's survey, male full-time workers had a median income of $32,265 versus $32,402 for female full-time workers. The per capita income for the city was $25,904. About 18.7% of families and 21.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.6% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those aged 65 or over. Per 2007's survey, the median price for a house was $129,600;<sup id="cite_ref-quickfacts.census.gov2_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quickfacts.census.gov2-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by 2020, the median price for a house was valued at $252,300, with 54.4% of owner-occupied units from $50,000 to $299,999.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2022 <a href="/wiki/Point-In-Time_Count" title="Point-In-Time Count">Point-In-Time</a> Homeless Count found there were 4,410 <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> people in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Troisi-2022_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Troisi-2022-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Metro Dallas Homeless Alliance Continuum of Care 2022 Homeless Count & Survey Independent Analysis, "approximately 1 of 3 (31%) those experiencing homelessness were found on the streets or in other places not meant for human habitation."<sup id="cite_ref-Troisi-2022_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Troisi-2022-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region surrounding Dallas is a habitat for mosquitoes, creating a pest problem for humans. Dallas and the surrounding area is sprayed regularly to control mosquito-borne diseases such as <a href="/wiki/West_Nile_virus" title="West Nile virus">West Nile virus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race_and_ethnicity">Race and ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Race and ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition </th> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2022_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2022-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>2010<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1990<sup id="cite_ref-census1_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1970<sup id="cite_ref-census1_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>1950<sup id="cite_ref-census1_102-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (of any race) </td> <td>42.3%</td> <td>42.4%</td> <td>20.9%</td> <td>7.5%<sup id="cite_ref-fifteen_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fifteen-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White (non-Hispanic)</a> </td> <td>28.1%</td> <td>28.8%</td> <td>47.7%</td> <td>66.9%<sup id="cite_ref-fifteen_103-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fifteen-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black or African American</a> </td> <td>22.9%</td> <td>24.7%</td> <td>29.5%</td> <td>24.9%</td> <td>13.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a> </td> <td>3.7%</td> <td>2.9%</td> <td>2.2%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>– </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_(5559904955).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png/220px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png/330px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png/440px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_Dallas_%285559904955%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="3009" /></a><figcaption>Map of racial distribution in Dallas, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ff0000;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> White</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#0000ff;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Black</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#00ffaa;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Asian</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ffa600;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Hispanic</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid white;background-color:white; color:black;color:#ffff07;"><span class="legend-text" style="font-family: monospace, monospace;">⬤</span></span> Other</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Dallas's population was historically predominantly White (non-Hispanic Whites made up 82.8% of the population in 1930),<sup id="cite_ref-census12_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census12-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but its population has diversified due to immigration and <a href="/wiki/White_flight" title="White flight">white flight</a> over the 20th century. Since then, the non-Hispanic White population has declined to less than one-third of the city's population.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2010 U.S. census, 50.7% of the population was White (28.8% non-Hispanic White), 24.8% was Black or African American, 0.7% <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Native</a>, 2.9% Asian, and 2.6% from <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">two or more races</a>; 42.4% of the total population was of Hispanic or Latino American origin (they may be of any race).<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>'s 2019 estimates, 29.1% were <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_Whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic Whites">non-Hispanic White</a> 24.3% Black and African American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 3.7% Asian, and 1.4% from two or more races.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">other Pacific Islanders</a> made up a total of 312 residents according to 2019's census estimates, down from 606 in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2019_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2019-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race made up 41.2% of the estimated population in 2019. Among the Hispanic or Latino American population in 2019, 34.6% of Dallas was <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a>, 0.4% <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican people">Puerto Rican</a>, 0.2% <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Americans" title="Cuban Americans">Cuban</a> and 6.0% other Hispanic or Latino American. In 2017's American Community Survey estimates among the demographic 35.5% were Mexican, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.4% Cuban, and 5.4% other Hispanic or Latino.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2020, Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race continued to constitute the largest ethnic group in the city proper,<sup id="cite_ref-US_Census-2022_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Census-2022-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reflecting nationwide demographic trends.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dallas area is a major living destination for <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican Americans</a> and other Hispanic and Latino American immigrants. The southwestern portion of the city, particularly <a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a> is chiefly inhabited by Hispanic and Latino American residents.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The southeastern portion of the city <a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Grove,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleasant Grove, Dallas, Texas">Pleasant Grove</a> is chiefly inhabited by African American and Hispanic or Latino American residents, while the <a href="/wiki/South_Dallas" title="South Dallas">southern portion</a> of the city is predominantly black.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The west and east sides of the city are predominantly Hispanic or Latino American; <a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a> also has a large Spanish-speaking population. <a href="/wiki/North_Dallas" title="North Dallas">North Dallas</a> has many enclaves of predominantly white, black and especially Hispanic or Latino American residents. </p><p>The Dallas area is also a major living destination for Black and African Americans primarily due to its strong and diverse economy.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 2010 and 2020, the Dallas area had the second-most new Black and African American residents only behind the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta metropolitan area">Atlanta area</a> and slightly above the Houston area.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The notable influx of African Americans is partly due to the <a href="/wiki/New_Great_Migration" title="New Great Migration">New Great Migration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a significant number of people from the <a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a>, immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Americans" title="Ethiopian Americans">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Americans" title="Eritrean Americans">Eritrea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somali_Americans" title="Somali Americans">Somalia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dallas–Fort-Worth metroplex had an estimated 70,000 Russian-speakers (as of November 6, 2012) mostly immigrants from the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Bloc">Soviet Bloc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Included in this population are <a href="/wiki/Russian_Americans" title="Russian Americans">Russians</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Russian Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Americans" title="Ukrainian Americans">Ukrainians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Americans" title="Belarusian Americans">Belarusians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Americans" title="Moldovan Americans">Moldavians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Americans" title="Uzbek Americans">Uzbek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kirghiz</a>, and others. The Russian-speaking population of Dallas has continued to grow in the sector of "American husbands-Russian wives". Russian DFW has its own newspaper, <i>The Dallas Telegraph</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, Dallas and its suburbs are home to a large number of Asian Americans including those of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Korean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Americans" title="Japanese Americans">Japanese</a>, and other heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among large-sized cities in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a>, the northern suburb of Dallas, has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._cities_with_significant_Chinese-American_populations#Large-sized_cities" title="List of U.S. cities with significant Chinese-American populations">6th largest Chinese American population</a> as of 2016. The Plano-Richardson area in particular had an estimated 30,000 <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Americans" title="Iranian Americans">Iranian Americans</a> in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With so many immigrant groups, there are often multilingual signs in the <a href="/wiki/Linguistic_landscape" title="Linguistic landscape">linguistic landscape</a>. According to U.S. Census Bureau data released in December 2013, 23 percent of Dallas County residents were foreign-born, while 16 percent of Tarrant County residents were foreign-born.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2018 census estimates determined that the city of Dallas's foreign-born population consisted of 25.4% naturalized citizens and 74.6% non-citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity">Sexual orientation and gender identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sexual orientation and gender identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Dallas–Fort Worth">LGBT culture in Dallas–Fort Worth</a> and <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights in Texas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oak_Lawn,_Dallas,_Texas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg/220px-Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg/330px-Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg/440px-Oak_Lawn%2C_Dallas%2C_Texas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Oak Lawn, nicknamed the "<a href="/wiki/Gayborhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayborhood">Gayborhood</a>" of Dallas</figcaption></figure> <p>Recognized for having one of the largest <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)</a> populations in the nation, Dallas and the Metroplex are widely noted for being home to a vibrant and diverse <a href="/wiki/LGBT_community" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT community">LGBT community</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lindsey-2019_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsey-2019-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the year there are many well-established but quite small compared to other cities LGBT events held in the area, most notably the annual Alan Ross Texas Freedom (Pride) Parade and Festival in June which draws approximately 50,000.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For decades, the <a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas">Oak Lawn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop Arts District">Bishop Arts</a> districts have been known as the epicenters of <a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture">LGBT culture</a> in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: #f8f9fa; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ccf"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religious affiliation (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkblue; width:77%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">77%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_the_United_States" title="Protestantism in the United States">Protestant</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:mediumblue; width:50%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">50%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholic</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:mediumblue; width:24%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">24%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other Christian</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:mediumblue; width:3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Unaffiliated</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:purple; width:19%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">19%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Judaism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism in the United States">Jewish</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:lightgreen; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States" title="Islam in the United States">Muslim</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:lightgreen; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other faiths</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:lightgreen; width:2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:89px;max-width:89px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:110px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg/87px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg/131px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg/174px-Downtown_Dallas_TX_2013-06-08_061.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:179px;max-width:179px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:110px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg/177px-St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg/266px-St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg/354px-St._Matthew%E2%80%99s_Cathedral_-_Dallas_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg/132px-Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg/198px-Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg/264px-Dallas_-_First_Baptist_Church_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Highland_Park_July_2016_22_(St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg/132px-Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg/198px-Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg/264px-Highland_Park_July_2016_22_%28St._Seraphim_Orthodox_Cathedral%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">From top, left to right: <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Santuario_de_Guadalupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe">Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Church_of_Saint_Matthew_(Dallas)" title="Cathedral Church of Saint Matthew (Dallas)">St. Matthew's Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/First_Baptist_Church_(Dallas)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Baptist Church (Dallas)">First Baptist Church of Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Seraphim_(Orthodox)_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Seraphim (Orthodox) Cathedral">Saint Seraphim Cathedral</a></div></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is the most prevalently practiced religion in Dallas and the wider metropolitan area according to a 2014 study by the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> (78%),<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a>'s 2020 study (77%).<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a large <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> Christian influence in the Dallas community, though the city of Dallas and Dallas County have more Catholic than Protestant residents, while the reverse is usually true for the suburban areas of Dallas and the city of Fort Worth. </p><p>Dallas has been called the "Prison Ministry Capital of the World" by the prison ministry community.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a home for the <a href="/wiki/International_Network_of_Prison_Ministries" title="International Network of Prison Ministries">International Network of Prison Ministries</a>, the Coalition of Prison Evangelists, Bill Glass Champions for Life, Chaplain Ray's International Prison Ministry, and 60 other prison ministries.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterian</a> churches are prominent in many neighborhoods and anchor two of the city's major private universities (<a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist University</a>). Dallas is also home to two <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> seminaries: the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Theological_Seminary" title="Dallas Theological Seminary">Dallas Theological Seminary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Criswell_College" title="Criswell College">Criswell College</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/Bible_college" title="Bible college">Bible schools</a> including <a href="/wiki/Christ_For_The_Nations_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ For The Nations Institute">Christ For The Nations Institute</a> are also headquartered in the city. The <a href="/wiki/Creationism" title="Creationism">Christian creationist</a> apologetics group <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Creation_Research" title="Institute for Creation Research">Institute for Creation Research</a> is headquartered in Dallas. According to the Pew Research Center, <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Protestantism" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Protestantism">evangelical Protestantism</a> constituted the largest form of Protestantism in the area as of 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research-2020_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research-2020-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest single evangelical Protestant group were Baptists. The largest Baptist denomination was the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">historically black</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention USA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Research-2020_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew_Research-2020-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/African-initiated_church" title="African-initiated church">African-initiated Protestant churches</a> including <a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">Ethiopian Evangelical</a> churches can be found throughout the metropolitan area.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> is also a significant religious organization in the Dallas area and operates the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dallas" title="University of Dallas">University of Dallas</a>, a liberal-arts university in the Dallas suburb of Irving. The <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Santuario_de_Guadalupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe">Cathedral Santuario de la Virgen de Guadalupe</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts District, Dallas, Texas">Arts District</a> is home to the second-largest Catholic church membership in the United States and overseas,<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consisting over 70 parishes in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Dallas" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas">Dallas Diocese</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> operates the <a href="/wiki/Jesuit_College_Preparatory_School_of_Dallas" title="Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas">Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas</a>. Dallas is also home to numerous <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox</a> churches including <a href="/wiki/Saint_Seraphim_(Orthodox)_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Seraphim (Orthodox) Cathedral">Saint Seraphim Cathedral</a>, see of the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America_Diocese_of_the_South" title="Orthodox Church in America Diocese of the South">Southern Diocese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_America" title="Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarchate</a>) has one parish in the city of Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is home to a sizable <a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint</a> community. <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> has twenty-three <a href="/wiki/Stake_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Stake (Latter Day Saints)">stakes</a> throughout Dallas and surrounding suburbs.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organization built the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Texas_Temple" title="Dallas Texas Temple">Dallas Texas Temple</a>, the first temple in Texas, in the city in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> also have a large number of members throughout the Dallas metropolitan division. In addition, there are several <a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Universalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitarian Universalist">Unitarian Universalist</a> congregations, including First Unitarian Church of Dallas, founded in 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large community of the <a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ" title="United Church of Christ">United Church of Christ</a> exists in the city. The most prominent UCC-affiliated church is the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Hope_(Dallas)" title="Cathedral of Hope (Dallas)">Cathedral of Hope</a>, a predominantly <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations_affirming_LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Christian denominations affirming LGBT">LGBT-affirming</a> church.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas's <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> population of 50,000-75,000 is the largest of any city in Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the establishment of the city's first Jewish cemetery in 1854 and its first congregation (which would eventually be known as <a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(Dallas,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Temple Emanu-El (Dallas, Texas)">Temple Emanu-El</a>) in 1873, Dallasite Jews have been well represented among leaders in commerce, politics, and various professional fields in Dallas and elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, a large <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim community</a> exists in the north and northeastern portions of Dallas, as well as in the <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Islam in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">northern Dallas suburbs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest mosque in Dallas is Masjid Al-Islam just south of Downtown.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas has a large Buddhist community. Immigrants from <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> have all contributed to the Buddhist population, which is concentrated in the northern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a>. Numerous Buddhist temples dot the Metroplex including The Buddhist Center of Dallas, Lien Hoa Vietnamese Temple of Irving, and Kadampa Meditation Center Texas and Wat Buddhamahamunee of <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a>. A large and growing Hindu Community lives in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. Most live in Collin County and the northern portions of Dallas County. Over 28 Hindu Temples exist in the area. Some notable ones include the DFW Hindu Temple, the <a href="/wiki/North_Texas_Hindu_Mandir" title="North Texas Hindu Mandir">North Texas Hindu Mandir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radha_Krishna_Temple,_Dallas" title="Radha Krishna Temple, Dallas">Radha Krishna Temple, Dallas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karya_Siddhi_Hanuman_Temple" title="Karya Siddhi Hanuman Temple">Karya Siddhi Hanuman Temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also at least three <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> <a href="/wiki/Gurudwara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurudwara">Gurudwaras</a> in this metropolitan area.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For irreligious people, the Winter Solstice Celebration is held in the Metroplex although some of its participants are also <a href="/wiki/Modern_Paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Paganism">neo-pagans</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Agers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Crime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the FBI, a city to city comparison of crime rates can be misleading, because recording practices vary from city to city, citizens report different percentages of crimes from one city to the next, and the actual number of people physically present in a city is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With that in mind, Dallas has one of the top 10 crime rates in Texas and its crime rate is higher than the national average.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2020, Dallas' murder rate has seen a notable increase. In 2020, Dallas recorded 251 murders which was a 20-year high. By 2022 it decreased to 214 but then increased to 246 in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2020, the gang presence in Dallas has grown significantly and is heavily responsible for the spike in crime.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas leaders have made crime reduction a major priority.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Dallas" title="List of companies in Dallas">List of companies in Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Stock_Exchange" title="Texas Stock Exchange">Texas Stock Exchange</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_Metroplex" class="mw-redirect" title="List of shopping malls in the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex">List of shopping malls in the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex</a></div> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="6" style="background:tan;"><b>Top publicly traded companies<br />in Dallas for 2017</b><br />according to revenues<br />with Dallas and U.S. ranks. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ccc;"><b>DAL</b></td> <td style="background:#ccc;"><b>Corporation</b></td> <td style="background:#ccc;"><b>US</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Inc.">AT&T</a></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Energy_Transfer_Equity" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy Transfer Equity">Energy Transfer Equity</a></td> <td>79 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenet_Healthcare" title="Tenet Healthcare">Tenet Healthcare</a></td> <td>134 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a></td> <td>138 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a></td> <td>206 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobs Engineering">Jacobs Engineering</a></td> <td>259 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/HF_Sinclair" title="HF Sinclair">HF Sinclair</a></td> <td>274 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dean_Foods" title="Dean Foods">Dean Foods</a></td> <td>351 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>Builders FirstSource</td> <td>421 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="List of companies in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">List of companies in Dallas–Fort Worth</a></div><i><b>Source:</b></i> <i>Dallas Morning News</i><sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_Morning_News_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_Morning_News-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg/220px-Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg/330px-Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg/440px-Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2236" data-file-height="2359" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas">Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg/220px-Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg/330px-Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg/440px-Comerica_Bank_Tower_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Comerica_Bank_Tower" title="Comerica Bank Tower">Comerica Bank Tower</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg/220px-GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg/330px-GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg/440px-GalleriaMallBarreledSkyLight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Dallas" title="Galleria Dallas">Galleria Dallas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In its beginnings, Dallas relied on farming, neighboring <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Stockyards" title="Fort Worth Stockyards">Stockyards</a>, and its prime location on Native American trade routes to sustain itself. Dallas' key to growth came in 1873 with the construction of multiple <a href="/wiki/Rail_road" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail road">rail</a> lines through the city. As Dallas grew and technology developed, cotton became its boon and by 1900, Dallas was the largest inland cotton market in the world, becoming a leader in <a href="/wiki/Cotton_gin" title="Cotton gin">cotton gin</a> machinery manufacturing. </p><p>By the early 1900s, Dallas was a hub for economic activity all over the Southern United States and was selected in 1914 as the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas">Eleventh Federal Reserve District</a>. By 1925, Texas churned out more than <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span> of the nation's cotton crop, with 31% of Texas cotton produced within a 100-mile (160 km) <a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">radius</a> of Dallas. In the 1930s, petroleum was discovered east of Dallas, near <a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a>. Dallas' proximity to the discovery put it immediately at the center of the nation's petroleum market. Petroleum discoveries in the <a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Panhandle" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Panhandle">Panhandle</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf Coast</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> in the following years further solidified Dallas' position as the hub of the market.<sup id="cite_ref-paynechapV_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paynechapV-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> left Dallas seeded with a nexus of communications, engineering, and production talent by companies such as Collins Radio Corporation. Decades later, the telecommunications and information revolutions still drive a large portion of the local economy. The city is sometimes referred to as the heart of "<a href="/wiki/Silicon_Prairie" title="Silicon Prairie">Silicon Prairie</a>" because of a high concentration of telecommunications companies in the region, the epicenter of which lies along the <a href="/wiki/Telecom_Corridor" title="Telecom Corridor">Telecom Corridor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a>, a northern suburb of Dallas. The Telecom Corridor is home to more than 5,700 companies including <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> (headquartered in Dallas), <a href="/wiki/Nortel_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Nortel Networks">Nortel Networks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcatel_Lucent" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcatel Lucent">Alcatel Lucent</a>, <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Inc.">AT&T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ericsson" title="Ericsson">Ericsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fujitsu" title="Fujitsu">Fujitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_Collins" title="Rockwell Collins">Rockwell Collins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cisco_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Cisco Systems">Cisco Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Mobile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verizon_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Communications">Verizon Communications</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CompUSA" title="CompUSA">CompUSA</a> (which is now headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Texas Instruments, a major manufacturer, employs 10,400 people at its corporate headquarters and chip plants in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980s Dallas was a real estate hotbed, with the increasing metropolitan population bringing with it a demand for new housing and office space. Several of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a>' largest buildings are the fruit of this boom, but over-speculation, the <a href="/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis" title="Savings and loan crisis">savings and loan crisis</a> and an oil bust brought the 1980s building boom to an end for Dallas as well as its sister city Houston. Between the late 1980s and the early 2000s, central Dallas went through a slow period of growth. However, since the early 2000s the central core of Dallas has been enjoying steady and significant growth encompassing both repurposing of older commercial buildings in Downtown Dallas into residential and hotel uses, as well as the construction of new office and residential towers. The opening of <a href="/wiki/Klyde_Warren_Park" title="Klyde Warren Park">Klyde Warren Park</a>, built across <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_366" title="Texas State Highway Spur 366">Woodall Rodgers Freeway</a> seamlessly connecting the central Dallas CBD to Uptown/Victory Park, has acted synergistically with the highly successful Dallas Arts District, so both have become catalysts for significant new development in central Dallas. </p><p>The residential real estate market in the <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a> has not only been resilient but has once again returned to a boom status. Dallas and the greater metro area have been leading the nation in apartment construction and net leasing, with rents reaching all-time highs. Single family home sales, whether pre-owned or new construction, along with home price appreciation, were leading the nation since 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Economic_Snapshot_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economic_Snapshot-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_Residential_Real_Estate_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_Residential_Real_Estate-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A sudden drop in the price of oil, starting in mid-2014 and accelerating throughout 2015, has not significantly affected Dallas and its greater metro area due to the highly diversified nature of its economy. Dallas and the metropolitan region continue to see strong demand for housing, apartment and office leasing, shopping center space, warehouse and industrial space with overall job growth remaining very robust. Oil-dependent cities and regions have felt significant effects from the downturn, but Dallas's growth has continued unabated, strengthening in 2015. Significant national headquarters relocations to the area (as exemplified by Toyota's decision to leave <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> and establish its new North American headquarters in the Dallas area) coupled with significant expansions of regional offices for a variety of corporations and along with company relocations to Downtown Dallas helped drive the boom in the Dallas economy. </p><p>The Dallas–Fort Worth area has one of the largest concentrations of corporate headquarters for publicly traded companies in the United States. <i>Fortune Magazine</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> 2022 annual list of the Fortune 500 in America indicates the city of Dallas had 11 Fortune 500 companies,.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune-2022_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune-2022-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the DFW region as a whole had 23.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune-2022a_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune-2022a-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022, Dallas–Fort Worth represents the second-largest concentration of Fortune 500 headquarters in Texas and fourth-largest in the United States, behind the metropolitan areas of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Houston</a> (24), <a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago</a> (35) and <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York</a> (62).<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune-2022a_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune-2022a-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Inc.">AT&T</a> relocated their headquarters to Downtown Dallas;<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> AT&T is the largest telecommunications company in the world and was the ninth largest company in the nation by revenue for 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies headquartered in Dallas in order of ranking include <a href="/wiki/Energy_Transfer_Equity" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy Transfer Equity">Energy Transfer Equity</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBRE_Group" title="CBRE Group">CBRE</a> (which moved its headquarters from Los Angeles to Dallas in 2020),<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tenet_Healthcare" title="Tenet Healthcare">Tenet Healthcare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a>, Texas Instruments, <a href="/wiki/Jacobs_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobs Engineering">Jacobs Engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/HollyFrontier" class="mw-redirect" title="HollyFrontier">HollyFrontier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dean_Foods" title="Dean Foods">Dean Foods</a>, and Builders FirstSource. In October 2016, Jacobs Engineering, one of the world's largest engineering companies, relocated from <a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a> to Downtown Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nearby Irving is home to six Fortune 500 companies of its own, including <a href="/wiki/McKesson_Corporation" title="McKesson Corporation">McKesson</a>, the country's largest pharmaceutical distributor and listed at number seven overall on the 2021 Fortune 500 list,<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fluor_Corporation" title="Fluor Corporation">Fluor</a> (engineering), <a href="/wiki/Kimberly-Clark" title="Kimberly-Clark">Kimberly-Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celanese" title="Celanese">Celanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Michaels_Companies" title="The Michaels Companies">Michaels Companies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/TXU_Energy" title="TXU Energy">Vistra Energy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune_500_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune_500-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a> is home to an additional four Fortune 500 companies, including <a href="/wiki/J.C._Penney" class="mw-redirect" title="J.C. Penney">J.C. Penney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Data_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance Data Systems">Alliance Data Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yum_China" title="Yum China">Yum China</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Keurig_Dr_Pepper" title="Keurig Dr Pepper">Dr. Pepper Snapple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune_500_184-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune_500-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fort Worth is home to two <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies, including <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a>, the largest airline in the world by revenue, fleet size, profit, passengers carried and revenue passenger mile and <a href="/wiki/D.R._Horton" class="mw-redirect" title="D.R. Horton">D.R. Horton</a>, the largest homebuilder in America.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortune_500_184-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortune_500-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Westlake, TX, north of Fort Worth, now has two Fortune 500 companies: Financial services giant, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Schwab_Corporation" title="Charles Schwab Corporation">Charles Schwab</a>, and convenience store distributor, <a href="/wiki/Core-Mark" title="Core-Mark">Core-Mark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One Fortune 500 company, <a href="/wiki/GameStop" title="GameStop">GameStop</a>, is based in <a href="/wiki/Grapevine,_Texas" title="Grapevine, Texas">Grapevine</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg/220px-NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg/330px-NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg/440px-NorthPark_Center_March_2017_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NorthPark_Center" title="NorthPark Center">NorthPark Center</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Additional major companies headquartered in Dallas and its metro area include <a href="/wiki/Comerica" title="Comerica">Comerica</a>, which relocated its national headquarters to Downtown Dallas from <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> in 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NTT DATA Services, Regency Energy Partners, <a href="/wiki/Atmos_Energy" title="Atmos Energy">Atmos Energy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neiman_Marcus" title="Neiman Marcus">Neiman Marcus</a>, <a href="/wiki/AECOM" title="AECOM">AECOM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Think_Finance" title="Think Finance">Think Finance</a>, <a href="/wiki/7-Eleven" title="7-Eleven">7-Eleven</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brinker_International" title="Brinker International">Brinker International</a>, Primoris Services, <a href="/wiki/AMS_Pictures" title="AMS Pictures">AMS Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Kay_Cosmetics" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Kay Cosmetics">Mary Kay Cosmetics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_E._Cheese%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Chuck E. Cheese's">Chuck E. Cheese's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zale_Corporation" title="Zale Corporation">Zale Corporation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fossil,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil, Inc.">Fossil, Inc</a>. Many of these companies—and others throughout the DFW metroplex—comprise the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Regional_Chamber" title="Dallas Regional Chamber">Dallas Regional Chamber</a>. <a href="/wiki/Susan_G._Komen_for_the_Cure" title="Susan G. Komen for the Cure">Susan G. Komen for the Cure</a>, the world's largest breast cancer organization, was founded and is headquartered in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to its large number of businesses, Dallas has more shopping centers per capita than any other city in the United States and is also home to the second shopping center ever built in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Village" title="Highland Park Village">Highland Park Village</a>, which opened in 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-VisitDallas_Shopping_189-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitDallas_Shopping-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas is home of the two other major malls in North Texas, the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Galleria" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Galleria">Dallas Galleria</a> and <a href="/wiki/NorthPark_Center" title="NorthPark Center">NorthPark Center</a>, which is the second largest mall in Texas. Both malls feature high-end stores and are major tourist draws for the region.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> magazine's annual list of "The Richest People in America" published September 21, 2011, the city is home to 17 billionaires, up from 14 in 2009. In 2009 (with 14 billionaires) the city placed sixth worldwide among cities with the most billionaires.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas is the third most popular destination for business travel in the United States, and the <a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison_Convention_Center" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center">Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center</a> is one of the largest and busiest convention centers in the country, at over 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m<sup>2</sup>), and the world's single-largest column-free exhibit hall.<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Visitdallas" title="Visitdallas">VisitDallas</a> is the <a href="/wiki/501(c)(6)" class="mw-redirect" title="501(c)(6)">501(c)(6)</a> organization contracted to promote tourism and attract conventions but an audit released in January 2019 cast doubts on its effectiveness in achieving those goals.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Dallas" title="Culture of Dallas">Culture of Dallas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chandelier_and_stage_inside_the_auditorium_of_the_Margot_%26_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House,_part_of_the_AT%26T_Performing_Arts_Center_complex_in_the_Arts_District_of_Dallas,_Texas_LCCN2015630583.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chandelier_and_stage_inside_the_auditorium_of_the_Margot_%26_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House%2C_part_of_the_AT%26T_Performing_Arts_Center_complex_in_the_Arts_District_of_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2015630583.tif/lossy-page1-220px-thumbnail.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chandelier_and_stage_inside_the_auditorium_of_the_Margot_%26_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House%2C_part_of_the_AT%26T_Performing_Arts_Center_complex_in_the_Arts_District_of_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2015630583.tif/lossy-page1-330px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chandelier_and_stage_inside_the_auditorium_of_the_Margot_%26_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House%2C_part_of_the_AT%26T_Performing_Arts_Center_complex_in_the_Arts_District_of_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2015630583.tif/lossy-page1-440px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>Internal view of <a href="/wiki/Margot_and_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House" title="Margot and Bill Winspear Opera House">Margot and Bill Winspear Opera House</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_museums">Arts and museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Arts and museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Arts District, Dallas">Arts District</a> in the northern section of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a> is home to several arts venues and is the largest contiguous arts district in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable venues in the district include the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Museum_of_Art" title="Dallas Museum of Art">Dallas Museum of Art</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Morton_H._Meyerson_Symphony_Center" title="Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center">Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Dallas Symphony Orchestra">Dallas Symphony Orchestra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Wind_Symphony" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Wind Symphony">Dallas Wind Symphony</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Nasher_Sculpture_Center" title="Nasher Sculpture Center">Nasher Sculpture Center</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/The_Trammell_%26_Margaret_Crow_Collection_of_Asian_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art">Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science" title="Perot Museum of Nature and Science">Perot Museum of Nature and Science</a>, also in Downtown Dallas, is a <a href="/wiki/Natural_history_museum" title="Natural history museum">natural history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Science_museum" title="Science museum">science museum</a>. Designed by 2005 Pritzker Architecture Prize Laureate <a href="/wiki/Thom_Mayne" title="Thom Mayne">Thom Mayne</a> and his firm Morphosis Architects, the 180,000-square-foot (17,000 m<sup>2</sup>) facility has six floors and stands about 14 stories high. </p><p>Venues that are part of the AT&T <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Center for the Performing Arts">Dallas Center for the Performing Arts</a> include <a href="/wiki/Moody_Performance_Hall" title="Moody Performance Hall">Moody Performance Hall</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Chamber_Symphony" title="Dallas Chamber Symphony">Dallas Chamber Symphony</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Dee_and_Charles_Wyly_Theatre" title="Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre">Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Theater_Center" title="Dallas Theater Center">Dallas Theater Center</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Black_Dance_Theatre" title="Dallas Black Dance Theatre">Dallas Black Dance Theatre</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Margot_and_Bill_Winspear_Opera_House" title="Margot and Bill Winspear Opera House">Winspear Opera House</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Opera" title="Dallas Opera">Dallas Opera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Texas_Ballet_Theater" title="Texas Ballet Theater">Texas Ballet Theater</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png/220px-Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png/330px-Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png/440px-Dallas_Holocaust_%26_Human_Rights_Museum_Photo.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Holocaust_and_Human_Rights_Museum" title="Dallas Holocaust and Human Rights Museum">Dallas Holocaust and Human Rights Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Not far north of the area is the <a href="/wiki/Meadows_Museum" title="Meadows Museum">Meadows Museum</a> at Southern Methodist University. In 2009, it joined up with Madrid's <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Prado" title="Museo del Prado">Prado Museum</a> for a three-year partnership. The Prado focuses on Spanish visual art and has a collection of Spanish art in North America, with works by de Juanes, El Greco, Fortuny, Goya, Murillo, Picasso, Pkensa, Ribera, Rico, Velasquez, Zurbaran, and other Spaniards. </p><p>These works, as well as non-Spanish highlights like sculptures by Rodin and Moore, have been so successful of a collaboration that the Prado and Meadows have agreed upon an extension of the partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Institute for Creation Research operates the <a href="/wiki/ICR_Discovery_Center_for_Science_%26_Earth_History" title="ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History">ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History</a>, a creationism museum, in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former <a href="/wiki/Texas_School_Book_Depository" title="Texas School Book Depository">Texas School Book Depository</a>, from which, according to the <a href="/wiki/Warren_Commission" title="Warren Commission">Warren Commission</a> Report, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Harvey_Oswald" title="Lee Harvey Oswald">Lee Harvey Oswald</a> <a href="/wiki/JFK_assassination" class="mw-redirect" title="JFK assassination">shot and killed</a> President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> in 1963, has served since the 1980s as a <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">county government</a> office building, except for its sixth and seventh floors, which house <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Floor_Museum_at_Dealey_Plaza" title="Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza">the Sixth Floor Museum</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/The_American_Museum_of_the_Miniature_Arts" title="The American Museum of the Miniature Arts">The American Museum of the Miniature Arts</a> is at the Hall of State in <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a>. The Arts District is also home to <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Independent_School_District" title="Dallas Independent School District">DISD</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts" title="Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts">Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts</a>, a magnet school that was recently expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/City_Center_District,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="City Center District, Dallas, Texas">City Center District</a>, next to the Arts District, is home to <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Dallas_Contemporary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Dallas Contemporary (page does not exist)">the Dallas Contemporary</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/220px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/330px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg/440px-American_Airlines_Center_August_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Center" title="American Airlines Center">American Airlines Center</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Deep_Ellum" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep Ellum">Deep Ellum</a>, immediately east of Downtown, originally became popular during the 1920s and 1930s as the prime <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> hot spot in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-paynechapVI_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paynechapVI-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artists such as <a href="/wiki/Blind_Lemon_Jefferson" title="Blind Lemon Jefferson">Blind Lemon Jefferson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Johnson_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Johnson (musician)">Robert Johnson</a>, Huddie "<a href="/wiki/Lead_Belly" title="Lead Belly">Lead Belly</a>" Ledbetter, and <a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a> played in original Deep Ellum clubs such as the Harlem and the Palace. Today, Deep Ellum is home to hundreds of artists who live in lofts and operate in studios throughout the district alongside bars, pubs, and concert venues.<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A major art infusion in the area results from the city's lax stance on <a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a>, and a number of public spaces, including tunnels, sides of buildings, sidewalks, and streets, are covered in murals. One major example, the Good-Latimer tunnel, was torn down in late 2006 to accommodate the construction of a <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_(DART)" title="Green Line (DART)">light rail line</a> through the site.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg/220px-Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg/330px-Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg/440px-Dallas_Museum_of_Art_July_2015_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Museum_of_Art" title="Dallas Museum of Art">Dallas Museum of Art</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Like Deep Ellum before it, the <a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedars, Dallas, Texas">Cedars</a> neighborhood to the south of Downtown has also seen a growing population of studio artists and an expanding roster of entertainment venues. The area's art scene began to grow in the early 2000s with the opening of Southside on Lamar, an old Sears Roebuck and Company warehouse converted into lofts, studios, and retail.<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Current attractions include Gilley's Dallas and Poor David's Pub.<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Mavericks" title="Dallas Mavericks">Dallas Mavericks</a> owner and local entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Mark_Cuban" title="Mark Cuban">Mark Cuban</a> purchased land along Lamar Street near <a href="/wiki/Cedars_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedars Station">Cedars Station</a> in September 2005, and locals speculate he is planning an entertainment complex for the site.<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>South of the Trinity River, the Bishop Arts District in <a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a> is home to a number of studio artists living in converted warehouses. Walls of buildings along alleyways and streets are painted with murals, and the surrounding streets contain many eclectic restaurants and shops.<sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas has an Office of Cultural Affairs as a department of the city government. The office is responsible for six cultural centers throughout the city, funding for local artists and theaters, initiating public art projects, and running the city-owned <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical</a> radio station <a href="/wiki/WRR_(FM)" title="WRR (FM)">WRR</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles-class_submarine" title="Los Angeles-class submarine">Los Angeles-class submarine</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Dallas_(SSN-700)" title="USS Dallas (SSN-700)">USS <i>Dallas</i></a> was planned to become a museum ship near the Trinity River after her decommissioning in September 2014, but this has since been delayed.<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It will be taken apart into massive sections in Houston and be transported by trucks to the museum site and will be put back together. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Libraries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg/220px-Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg/330px-Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg/440px-Biblioteca_Dallas_Interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Public_Library" title="Dallas Public Library">Dallas Public Library</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The city is served by the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Public_Library" title="Dallas Public Library">Dallas Public Library</a> system. The system was created by the Dallas Federation of Women's Clubs with efforts spearheaded by then president <a href="/wiki/May_Dickson_Exall" title="May Dickson Exall">May Dickson Exall</a>. Her fundraising efforts led to a grant from philanthropist and steel baron <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</a>, which allowed the library system to build its first branch in 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the library operates 30 branch locations throughout the city, including the 8-story <a href="/wiki/J._Erik_Jonsson_Central_Library" title="J. Erik Jonsson Central Library">J. Erik Jonsson Central Library</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Government_District,_Dallas" title="Government District, Dallas">Government District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Places_of_interest">Places of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Places of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Hotel" title="Adolphus Hotel">Adolphus Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_American_Museum_(Dallas)" title="African American Museum (Dallas)">African American Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Center" title="American Airlines Center">American Airlines Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Arts District, Dallas">Arts District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Performing_Arts_Center" title="AT&T Performing Arts Center">AT&T Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop Arts District">Bishop Arts District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas" title="Cedars, Dallas">Cedars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Arboretum_and_Botanical_Garden" title="Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden">Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Chamber_Symphony" title="Dallas Chamber Symphony">Dallas Chamber Symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Hilton" title="Dallas Hilton">Dallas Hilton</a>, the world's first modern <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Worldwide" title="Hilton Worldwide">Hilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Holocaust_Museum/Center_for_Education_%26_Tolerance" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Holocaust Museum/Center for Education & Tolerance">Dallas Holocaust Museum/Center for Education & Tolerance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Municipal_Building" title="Dallas Municipal Building">Dallas Municipal Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Museum_of_Art" title="Dallas Museum of Art">Dallas Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_World_Aquarium" title="Dallas World Aquarium">Dallas World Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Zoo" title="Dallas Zoo">Dallas Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dealey_Plaza" title="Dealey Plaza">Dealey Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dee_and_Charles_Wyly_Theatre" title="Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre">Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Design_District,_Dallas" title="Design District, Dallas">Design District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park,_Dallas" title="Exposition Park, Dallas">Exposition Park, Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers_Market,_Dallas" title="Farmers Market, Dallas">Farmers Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Dallas" title="Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas">Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontiers_of_Flight_Museum" title="Frontiers of Flight Museum">Frontiers of Flight Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galleria_Dallas" title="Galleria Dallas">Galleria Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_Presidential_Center" title="George W. Bush Presidential Center">George W. Bush Presidential Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Village" title="Highland Park Village">Highland Park Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy_Memorial" title="John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial">John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalita_Humphreys_Theater" title="Kalita Humphreys Theater">Kalita Humphreys Theater</a>, designed by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katy_Trail_(Dallas)" title="Katy Trail (Dallas)">Katy Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirby_Building" title="Kirby Building">Kirby Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klyde_Warren_Park" title="Klyde Warren Park">Klyde Warren Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majestic_Theatre_(Dallas,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Majestic Theatre (Dallas, Texas)">Majestic Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge" title="Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge">Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadows_Museum" title="Meadows Museum">Meadows Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_H._Meyerson_Symphony_Center" title="Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center">Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munger_Place_Historic_District,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Munger Place Historic District, Dallas">Munger Place Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Biblical_Art_(Dallas)" title="Museum of Biblical Art (Dallas)">Museum of Biblical Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasher_Sculpture_Center" title="Nasher Sculpture Center">The Nasher Sculpture Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiman_Marcus_Building" title="Neiman Marcus Building">Neiman Marcus Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NorthPark_Center" title="NorthPark Center">NorthPark Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Plaza" title="Pioneer Plaza">Pioneer Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perot_Museum_of_Nature_and_Science" title="Perot Museum of Nature and Science">Perot Museum of Nature and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reunion_Tower" title="Reunion Tower">Reunion Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Kirk_Bridge" title="Ronald Kirk Bridge">Ronald Kirk Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Floor_Museum_at_Dealey_Plaza" title="Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza">Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Boulevard-Park_Row_Historic_District" class="mw-redirect" title="South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District">South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southfork_Ranch" title="Southfork Ranch">Southfork Ranch</a> as seen on <a href="/wiki/Dallas_(1978_TV_series)" title="Dallas (1978 TV series)"><i>Dallas</i> (1978)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dallas_(2012_TV_series)" title="Dallas (2012 TV series)"><i>Dallas</i> (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Avenue,_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Avenue, Dallas">Swiss Avenue</a> historical district</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_School_Book_Depository" title="Texas School Book Depository">Texas School Book Depository</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Theatre" title="Texas Theatre">Texas Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanks-Giving_Square" title="Thanks-Giving Square">Thanks-Giving Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trammell_%26_Margaret_Crow_Collection_of_Asian_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art">Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_Audubon_Center" title="Trinity River Audubon Center">Trinity River Audubon Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Bit_Circus" title="Two Bit Circus">Two Bit Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Park, Dallas, Texas">Victory Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Rock_Lake" title="White Rock Lake">White Rock Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Blues" title="House of Blues">House of Blues</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas is known for its <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecue</a>, authentic <a href="/wiki/Mexican_cuisine" title="Mexican cuisine">Mexican</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tex-Mex_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tex-Mex cuisine">Tex-Mex cuisine</a>. Famous products of the Dallas culinary scene include the <a href="/wiki/Margarita" title="Margarita">Frozen margarita machine</a> by restaurateur <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Martinez_(entrepreneur)" title="Mariano Martinez (entrepreneur)">Mariano Martinez</a> in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_(Centennial_Hall).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg/220px-State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg/330px-State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg/440px-State_Fair_of_Texas_September_2019_02_%28Centennial_Hall%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">Texas State Fair</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events">Events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">State Fair of Texas</a> has been held annually at <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a> since 1886, and generates an estimated $50 million to the city's economy annually.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Red_River_Shootout" class="mw-redirect" title="Red River Shootout">Red River Shootout</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a football game that pits the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> against the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a>, also brings significant crowds to the city. The city also hosts the <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_Classic" title="State Fair Classic">State Fair Classic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Dallas_Bowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart of Dallas Bowl">Heart of Dallas Bowl</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a>. </p><p>Other festivals include several <a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a> celebrations hosted by the city's large <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican American</a> population and a <a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a> parade along <a href="/wiki/Lower_Greenville,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Greenville, Dallas, Texas">Lower Greenville Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a> festivities, Taste of Dallas, the Deep Ellum Arts Festival, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Food_Festival_of_Dallas" title="Greek Food Festival of Dallas">Greek Food Festival of Dallas</a>, the annual Halloween event "The Wake", and two annual events on Halloween, including a Halloween parade on <a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas, Texas">Cedar Springs Road</a> and a "Zombie Walk" held in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arts_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts District">Arts District</a>. </p><p>With the opening of <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Park, Dallas, Texas">Victory Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/WFAA" title="WFAA">WFAA</a> began hosting an annual New Year's Eve celebration in AT&T Plaza that the television station hoped would be reminiscent of celebrations in New York's <a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a>; New Year's Eve 2011 set a new record of 32,000 people in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the discontinuance of the "Big D NYE" festivities a few years later, a new end-of-year event was started downtown, with a big fireworks show put on at <a href="/wiki/Reunion_Tower" title="Reunion Tower">Reunion Tower</a>, which has since aired on <a href="/wiki/KXAS" class="mw-redirect" title="KXAS">KXAS</a> and other TV stations around the state and region. Also, several Omni hotels in the Dallas area host large events to welcome in the new year, including murder mystery parties, rave-inspired events, and other events. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg/220px-Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg/330px-Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg/440px-Cowboys_Stadium_full_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1166" data-file-height="778" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Stadium" title="AT&T Stadium">AT&T Stadium</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NowitzkiWizards3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NowitzkiWizards3.jpg/220px-NowitzkiWizards3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NowitzkiWizards3.jpg/330px-NowitzkiWizards3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NowitzkiWizards3.jpg/440px-NowitzkiWizards3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2516" data-file-height="3233" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Nowitzki" title="Dirk Nowitzki">Dirk Nowitzki</a> with the Mavericks</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg/220px-Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg/330px-Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg/440px-Script_Texas_at_Red_River_Shootout_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a> hosts the annual <a href="/wiki/Red_River_Showdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Red River Showdown">Red River Showdown</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Dallas" title="Sports in Dallas">Sports in Dallas</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/U.S._cities_with_teams_from_four_major_league_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports">U.S. cities with teams from four major league sports</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> is home to two major league sports teams that play at the <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Center" title="American Airlines Center">American Airlines Center</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Mavericks" title="Dallas Mavericks">Dallas Mavericks</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a>), who won the <a href="/wiki/NBA_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA Championship">NBA Championship</a> in <a href="/wiki/2011_NBA_Finals" title="2011 NBA Finals">2011</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Stars" title="Dallas Stars">Dallas Stars</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">NHL</a>), who won the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="Stanley Cup Finals">Stanley Cup</a> in <a href="/wiki/1999_Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="1999 Stanley Cup Finals">1999</a>. Nearby <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a> is home to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a> (<a href="/wiki/NFL" class="mw-redirect" title="NFL">NFL</a>), who play at the <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Stadium" title="AT&T Stadium">AT&T Stadium</a> and have won five <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowls</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a>), who play at <a href="/wiki/Globe_Life_Field" title="Globe Life Field">Globe Life Field</a><sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and won the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> in <a href="/wiki/2023_World_Series" title="2023 World Series">2023</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Wings" title="Dallas Wings">Dallas Wings</a> (<a href="/wiki/WNBA" class="mw-redirect" title="WNBA">WNBA</a>), who play at <a href="/wiki/College_Park_Center" title="College Park Center">College Park Center</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mls" class="mw-redirect" title="Mls">MLS</a> team <a href="/wiki/FC_Dallas" title="FC Dallas">FC Dallas</a> plays at <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Stadium_(Texas)" title="Toyota Stadium (Texas)">Toyota Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Frisco,_Texas" title="Frisco, Texas">Frisco</a> and won the <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt_U.S._Open_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup">Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup</a> in 1997 and 2016. Additionally, there are several minor league and college sports programs in the area. </p><p>Since joining the league as an expansion team in 1960, the Cowboys have enjoyed substantial success, advancing to eight <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowls" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Bowls">Super Bowls</a> and winning five. The Cowboys are financially the most valuable sports franchise in the world, worth approximately $4 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, they relocated to their new 80,000-seat stadium in Arlington, which was the site of <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLV" title="Super Bowl XLV">Super Bowl XLV</a><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is set to host the most matches during the <a href="/wiki/2026_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2026 FIFA World Cup">2026 FIFA World Cup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cowboys are currently part of the <a href="/wiki/NFC_East" title="NFC East">East Division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_Conference" title="National Football Conference">National Football Conference</a> (NFC). </p><p>The Texas Rangers won the American League pennant in 2010, 2011 and 2023, and won the <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> in 2023. The franchise relocated from <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington D.C.</a> in 1972. They play in the <a href="/wiki/American_League_West" title="American League West">West Division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a>. </p><p>The Dallas Mavericks joined the league as an expansion team in 1980. They won their first <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> championship in 2011 led by <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Nowitzki" title="Dirk Nowitzki">Dirk Nowitzki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They play in the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Division_(NBA)" title="Southwest Division (NBA)">Southwest Division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Conference_(NBA)" title="Western Conference (NBA)">Western Conference</a>. </p><p>The Dallas Stars moved to North Texas in 1993 as a relocation from the former team, the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_North_Stars" title="Minnesota North Stars">Minnesota North Stars</a>. The Stars have won eight division titles in Dallas, two <a href="/wiki/Presidents%27_Trophy" title="Presidents' Trophy">Presidents' Trophies</a> as the top regular season team in the NHL, the <a href="/wiki/Western_Conference_(NHL)" title="Western Conference (NHL)">Western Conference</a> championship three times, and in <a href="/wiki/1998%E2%80%9399_NHL_season" title="1998–99 NHL season">1998–99</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a>. The team plays in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Division_(NHL)" title="Central Division (NHL)">Central Division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Conference_(NHL)" title="Western Conference (NHL)">Western Conference</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/FC_Dallas" title="FC Dallas">FC Dallas</a> play at <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Stadium_(Texas)" title="Toyota Stadium (Texas)">Toyota Stadium</a> (formerly FC Dallas Stadium and Pizza Hut Park), a stadium that opened in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They currently play in MLS's <a href="/wiki/Western_Conference_(MLS)" title="Western Conference (MLS)">Western Conference</a>. The team was originally called the Dallas Burn and used to play in the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a>. Although FC Dallas has not yet won a MLS Cup, they won the <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt_U.S._Open_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup">Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup</a> in 1997 and 2016 and the <a href="/wiki/Supporters%27_Shield" title="Supporters' Shield">Supporters' Shield</a> in 2016. Previously, the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Tornado" title="Dallas Tornado">Dallas Tornado</a> played in the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)">North American Soccer League</a> from 1968 to 1981. </p><p>The Dallas Wings came to <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">The Metroplex</a> in 2016 after relocating from <a href="/wiki/Tulsa_Shock" title="Tulsa Shock">Tulsa</a>. </p><p>There are many notable minor league teams in the Dallas-Fort Worth. The <a href="/wiki/Allen_Americans" title="Allen Americans">Allen Americans</a> are a professional ice hockey team headquartered at the <a href="/wiki/Credit_Union_of_Texas_Event_Center" title="Credit Union of Texas Event Center">Credit Union of Texas Event Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Allen,_Texas" title="Allen, Texas">Allen, Texas</a>, which currently plays in the <a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a>. They are the minor league affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL">NHL</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Kraken" title="Seattle Kraken">Seattle Kraken</a>. The team was founded in 2009 in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Hockey_League" title="Central Hockey League">Central Hockey League</a>(CHL). They have won 4 straight championships, 2 in the CHL (<a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%9313_CHL_season" title="2012–13 CHL season">2012–13</a>, <a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_CHL_season" title="2013–14 CHL season">2013–14</a>) and 2 in the ECHL(<a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_ECHL_season" title="2014–15 ECHL season">2014–15</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_ECHL_season" title="2015–16 ECHL season">2015–16</a>). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Renegades" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Renegades">Dallas Renegades</a> are a professional football team in the relaunched <a href="/wiki/XFL_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="XFL (2020)">XFL</a> that plays their home games at <a href="/wiki/Globe_Life_Park_in_Arlington" class="mw-redirect" title="Globe Life Park in Arlington">Globe Life Park</a>, the former home of the Texas Rangers.<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Sidekicks_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Sidekicks (2012)">Dallas Sidekicks (2012)</a> are an American professional <a href="/wiki/Indoor_soccer" title="Indoor soccer">indoor soccer</a> team based in <a href="/wiki/Allen,_Texas" title="Allen, Texas">Allen, Texas</a>, a suburb of Dallas. They play their home games in the <a href="/wiki/Credit_Union_of_Texas_Event_Center" title="Credit Union of Texas Event Center">Credit Union of Texas Event Center</a>. The team is named after the original <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Sidekicks_(1984%E2%80%932004)" title="Dallas Sidekicks (1984–2004)">Dallas Sidekicks</a> that operated from 1984 to 2004. The MLS-affiliated <a href="/wiki/North_Texas_SC" title="North Texas SC">North Texas SC</a> team is a member of <a href="/wiki/MLS_Next_Pro" title="MLS Next Pro">MLS Next Pro</a> and plays in Frisco at Toyota Stadium; it is the reserve team of FC Dallas. The Dallas Mavericks own an <a href="/wiki/NBA_G_League" title="NBA G League">NBA G League</a> team, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legends" title="Texas Legends">Texas Legends</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby</a> is a developing sport in Dallas and Texas in general. The multiple clubs, ranging from men's and women's clubs to <a href="/wiki/College_rugby" class="mw-redirect" title="College rugby">collegiate</a> and high school, are part of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Rugby_Football_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Rugby Football Union">Texas Rugby Football Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas was one of only 16 cities in the United States included in the <a href="/wiki/Rugby_Super_League_(United_States)" title="Rugby Super League (United States)">Rugby Super League</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> represented by <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Harlequins" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Harlequins">Dallas Harlequins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Rugby" title="Major League Rugby">Major League Rugby</a> announced the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Jackals" title="Dallas Jackals">Dallas Jackals</a> as a new franchise.<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> is also growing in Dallas. The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Magpies" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Magpies">Dallas Magpies</a>, founded in 1998, compete in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Australian_Football_League" title="United States Australian Football League">United States Australian Football League</a>. </p><p>The only <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> sports program within the Dallas political boundary is the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist University</a> <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_Patriots" title="Dallas Baptist Patriots">Patriots baseball team</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although outside the city limits, the <a href="/wiki/SMU_Mustangs" title="SMU Mustangs">Mustangs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a> are in the enclave of <a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a>. Neighboring cities <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>, Arlington, and <a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a> are home to the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Christian_University" title="Texas Christian University">Texas Christian University</a> <a href="/wiki/TCU_Horned_Frogs" title="TCU Horned Frogs">Horned Frogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Arlington" title="University of Texas at Arlington">UT Arlington</a> <a href="/wiki/UT_Arlington_Mavericks" title="UT Arlington Mavericks">Mavericks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas" title="University of North Texas">University of North Texas</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Texas_Mean_Green" title="North Texas Mean Green">Mean Green</a> respectively. The Dallas area hosted the Final Four of the <a href="/wiki/2014_NCAA_Men%27s_Division_I_Basketball_Tournament" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament">2014 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament</a> at AT&T Stadium. The college <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_Classic" title="Cotton Bowl Classic">Cotton Bowl Classic</a> football game was played at the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl</a> through its <a href="/wiki/2009_Cotton_Bowl_Classic" title="2009 Cotton Bowl Classic">2009 game</a>, but has moved to AT&T Stadium. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Red_River_Showdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Red River Showdown">Red River Showdown</a> is an American <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> <a href="/wiki/College_rivalry" class="mw-redirect" title="College rivalry">rivalry</a> game played annually at the <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Cotton Bowl (stadium)">Cotton Bowl Stadium</a> during the second weekend of the <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">State Fair of Texas</a> in October. The game is played by the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Sooners_football" title="Oklahoma Sooners football">Oklahoma Sooners football</a> team of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Longhorns_football" title="Texas Longhorns football">Texas Longhorns football</a> team of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a>. The 10,000-capacity Forester Stadium, which is used mainly for football and soccer, is also located in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_recreation">Parks and recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Parks and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg/220px-Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg/330px-Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg/440px-Stevens_Park_Golf_Course_In_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2017" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stevens_Park_Golf_Course" title="Stevens Park Golf Course">Stevens Park Golf Course</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Kessler,_Dallas" title="Kessler, Dallas">Kessler Park</a> neighborhood, with the view of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a> on the end</figcaption></figure> <p>Dallas maintains and operates 406 parks on 21,000 acres (85 km<sup>2</sup>) of parkland.<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city's parks contain 17 separate lakes, including <a href="/wiki/White_Rock_Lake" title="White Rock Lake">White Rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bachman_Lake" title="Bachman Lake">Bachman</a> lakes, spanning a total of 4,400 acres (17.81 km<sup>2</sup>). In addition, Dallas is traversed by 61.6 miles (99.1 km) of biking and jogging trails, including the <a href="/wiki/Katy_Trail_of_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Katy Trail of Dallas">Katy Trail</a>, and is home to 47 community and neighborhood recreation centers, 276 sports fields, 60 swimming pools, 232 playgrounds, 173 basketball courts, 112 volleyball courts, 126 play slabs, 258 neighborhood tennis courts, 258 picnic areas, six 18-hole golf courses, two driving ranges, and 477 athletic fields as of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fair_Park">Fair Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Fair Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas's flagship park is <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a>. Built in 1936 for the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Centennial_Exposition" title="Texas Centennial Exposition">Texas Centennial Exposition</a> <a href="/wiki/World%27s_fair" title="World's fair">world's fair</a>, Fair Park is the world's largest collection of <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> exhibit buildings, art, and sculptures; Fair Park is also home to the <a href="/wiki/State_Fair_of_Texas" title="State Fair of Texas">State Fair of Texas</a>, the largest state fair in the United States. In November 2019, consultants presented to the public a master plan to revitalize the area.<sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klyde_Warren_Park">Klyde Warren Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Klyde Warren Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg/200px-Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg/300px-Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg/400px-Klyde_Warren_Park_and_Dallas%27_Skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5584" data-file-height="2176" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg/200px-Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg/300px-Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg/400px-Klyde_Warren_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Images taken of and from <a href="/wiki/Klyde_Warren_Park" title="Klyde Warren Park">Klyde Warren Park</a></div></div></div></div> <p>Named after Klyde Warren, the young son of billionaire <a href="/wiki/Kelcy_Warren" title="Kelcy Warren">Kelcy Warren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klyde_Warren_Park" title="Klyde Warren Park">Klyde Warren Park</a> was built above <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_366" title="Texas State Highway Spur 366">Woodall Rodgers Freeway</a> and connects <a href="/wiki/Uptown,_Dallas" title="Uptown, Dallas">Uptown</a> and Downtown, specifically the Arts District. Klyde Warren Park is home to an <a href="/wiki/Amphitheater" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphitheater">amphitheater</a>, jogging trails, a children's park, a dog park, a putting green, <a href="/wiki/Croquet" title="Croquet">croquet</a>, ping pong, chess, an outdoor library, and two restaurants. Food trucks give another option of dining and are lined along the park's Downtown side. There are also weekly planned events, including <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zumba" title="Zumba">Zumba</a>, skyline tours, <a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">tai chi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-239" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Klyde Warren Park is home to a free trolley stop on Olive St., which riders can connect to Downtown, McKinney Avenue, and <a href="/wiki/West_Village,_Dallas" title="West Village, Dallas">West Village</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turtle_Creek_Parkway_park">Turtle Creek Parkway park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Turtle Creek Parkway park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg/220px-Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg/330px-Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg/440px-Dallas_-_snow_at_Turtle_Creek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a> Park during a snowfall of winter</figcaption></figure> <p>Built in 1913, Turtle Creek Parkway park is a 23.7-acre (9.6 ha) linear park in between Turtle Creek and Turtle Creek Boulevard in the aptly named <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a> neighborhood.<sup id="cite_ref-240" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeological surveys discovered dart points and flint chips dating 3,000 years to 1,000 BCE. This site was later discovered to be home to Native Americans who cherished the trees and natural spring water. The park is across Turtle Creek from <a href="/wiki/Kalita_Humphreys_Theater" title="Kalita Humphreys Theater">Kalita Humphreys Theater</a>, designed by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Frank Lloyd Wright</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lake_Cliff_Park">Lake Cliff Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Lake Cliff Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg/220px-Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg/330px-Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg/440px-Dallas_downtown_skyline_seen_from_Lake_Cliff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lake_Cliff" title="Lake Cliff">Lake Cliff</a> Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Opened on July 4, 1906, Lake Cliff Park was called "the Southwest's Greatest Playground". The park was home to an amusement park, a large pool, waterslides, the world's largest skating rink, and three theaters, the largest being the 2,500-seat Casino Theater. After the streetcar bridge that brought most of the park visitors collapsed, Lake Cliff Park was sold. The Casino Theater moved and the pool was demolished after a polio scare in 1959. The pool was Dallas's first municipal pool.<sup id="cite_ref-lakehighlands.advocatemag.com_241-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lakehighlands.advocatemag.com-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reverchon_Park">Reverchon Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Reverchon Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1935, Dallas purchased 36 acres (15 ha) from John Cole's estate to develop <a href="/wiki/Reverchon_Park" title="Reverchon Park">Reverchon Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-242" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reverchon Park was named after botanist Julien Reverchon, who left France to live in the La Reunion colony, which was founded in the mid-1800s<sup id="cite_ref-243" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was situated in present-day West Dallas. Reverchon Park was planned to be the crown jewel of the Dallas park system and was even referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>" of Dallas. Improvements were made throughout the years, including the Iris Bowl, picnic settings, a baseball diamond, and tennis courts. The Iris Bowl celebrated many Greek pageants, dances, and other performances. The Gill Well was installed for nearby residents and drew people all across Texas who wanted to experience the water's healing powers.<sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The baseball diamond was host to a 1953 exhibition game for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball_team)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Giants (baseball team)">New York Giants</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians_season_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians season 1936">Cleveland Indians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trinity_River_Project">Trinity River Project</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Trinity River Project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge,_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas,_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif/lossy-page1-220px-View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif/lossy-page1-330px-View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif/lossy-page1-440px-View_of_the_Margaret_Hunt_Hill_Bridge%2C_a_Santiago_Calatrava-designed_bridge_over_the_Trinity_River_in_Dallas%2C_Texas_LCCN2014632142.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4568" data-file-height="6416" /></a><figcaption>Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge over the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_Project" title="Trinity River Project">Trinity River Project</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As part of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_Project" title="Trinity River Project">Trinity River Project</a>, the Great Trinity Forest, at 6,000 acres (24 km<sup>2</sup>), is the largest urban hardwood forest in the United States and is part of the largest urban park in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Great_Trinity_Forest-Dallas_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Great_Trinity_Forest-Dallas-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Trinity River Audubon Center is a new addition to the park. Opened in 2008, it serves as a gateway to many trails and other nature-viewing activities in the area. The Trinity River Audubon Center is the first LEED-certified building built by the City of Dallas Parks and Recreation Department. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katy_Trail">Katy Trail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Katy Trail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Named after its former railroad name, the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad (or "MKT" Railroad), the 3.5-mile (5.6 km) stretch of railroad was purchased by the city of Dallas and transformed into the city's premier trail. Stretching from <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas" title="Victory Park, Dallas">Victory Park</a>, the 30-acre (12 ha) <a href="/wiki/Katy_Trail_(Dallas)" title="Katy Trail (Dallas)">Katy Trail</a> passes through the <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a> and Knox Park neighborhoods and runs along the east side of <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_Texas" title="Highland Park, Texas">Highland Park</a>. The trail ends at <a href="/wiki/Central_Expressway_(Dallas)" title="Central Expressway (Dallas)">Central Expressway</a>, but extensions are underway to extend the trail to the White Rock Lake Trail in <a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Dallas" title="Lakewood, Dallas">Lakewood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lakehighlands.advocatemag.com_241-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lakehighlands.advocatemag.com-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preserves">Preserves</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Preserves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas hosts three of the twenty-one preserves of the extensive 3,200 acres (13 km<sup>2</sup>) Dallas County Preserve System. The Joppa Preserve, the McCommas Bluff Preserve, and the Cedar Ridge Preserve are within the Dallas city limits. The Cedar Ridge Preserve was known as the Dallas Nature Center, but the Audubon Dallas group now manages the 633-acre (2.56 km<sup>2</sup>) natural habitat park on behalf of the city of Dallas and Dallas County. The preserve sits at an elevation of 755 feet (230 m) above sea level and offers a variety of outdoor activities, including 10 miles (16 km) of hiking trails and picnic areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dallas_Zoo">Dallas Zoo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Dallas Zoo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is also home to Texas's first and largest zoo, the 106-acre (0.43 km<sup>2</sup>) <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Zoo" title="Dallas Zoo">Dallas Zoo</a>, which opened at its current location in 1888.<sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_representation">Local representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Local representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Flag_of_Dallas_in_front_of_City_Hall._-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Flags at City Hall Plaza, Dallas</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Dallas" title="Government of Dallas">Government of Dallas</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Dallas" title="Mayor of Dallas">Mayor of Dallas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DallasCityHallB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/DallasCityHallB.jpg/220px-DallasCityHallB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/DallasCityHallB.jpg/330px-DallasCityHallB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/DallasCityHallB.jpg/440px-DallasCityHallB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1584" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_City_Hall" title="Dallas City Hall">Dallas City Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg/220px-Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg/330px-Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg/440px-Dallas_-_Municipal_Building_01A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Built in 1913, the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Municipal_Building" title="Dallas Municipal Building">Dallas Municipal Building</a> was Dallas's old City Hall facility.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg/220px-Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg/330px-Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg/440px-Dallas_County_Courthouse_-_Old_Red.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1950" data-file-height="1684" /></a><figcaption>The former <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County_Courthouse_(Texas)" title="Dallas County Courthouse (Texas)">Dallas County Courthouse</a> houses the <a href="/wiki/Old_Red_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Red Museum">Old Red Museum</a>, displaying artifacts from Dallas County history.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg/220px-President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg/330px-President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg/440px-President_Ronald_Reagan_Giving_His_Acceptance_Speech_at_The_Republican_National_Convention_in_Dallas_Texas_-_DPLA_-_9fdcd0b050951535fa48df8b9c632741.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2644" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> giving his acceptance speech at the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a> in Dallas</figcaption></figure> <p>The city uses a <a href="/wiki/Council-manager_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Council-manager government">council-manager government</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Eric_Johnson_(Texas_politician)" title="Eric Johnson (Texas politician)">Eric Johnson</a> serving as mayor,<sup id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> T.C. Broadnax serving as city manager,<sup id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 14 council members serving as representatives to the 14 council districts in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-mayor_250-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayor-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manager_251-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manager-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This organizational structure was contested by some in favor of a strong-mayor city charter,<sup id="cite_ref-253" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-253"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> only to be rejected by Dallas voters.<sup id="cite_ref-254" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-254"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1969, Anita N. Martínez become the first Latin American to sit as a councilwoman in Dallas's city council.<sup id="cite_ref-255" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-255"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2017–2018 fiscal year, the city's total <a href="/wiki/Government_budget" title="Government budget">budget</a> (the sum of <a href="/wiki/Operating_budget" title="Operating budget">operating</a> and capital budgets) was $3.3 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-0607budget_256-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0607budget-256"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has seen a steady increase in its budget due to sustained growth: the budget was $1.7 billion in 2002–2003,<sup id="cite_ref-0304budget_257-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0304budget-257"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> $1.9 billion in 2003–2004,<sup id="cite_ref-0304budget_257-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0304budget-257"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> $2.0 billion in 2004–2005,<sup id="cite_ref-0506budget_258-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0506budget-258"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and $2.2 billion in 2005–2006.<sup id="cite_ref-0506budget_258-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0506budget-258"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_and_state_representation">Federal and state representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Federal and state representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>National and state legislators representing Dallas: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="6" style="text-align:center;"><b>Federal</b><sup id="cite_ref-whorep_259-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whorep-259"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#DDDDDD;"><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></b> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#DDDDDD;"><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Name</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Party</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>District</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Name</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;" colspan="2"><b>Party</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Keith_Self" title="Keith Self">Keith Self</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Texas's 3rd congressional district">District 3</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">John Cornyn</a> </td> <td style="background-color: colspan=2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">Lance Gooden</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 5th congressional district">District 5</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> </td> <td style="background-color: colspan=2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Beth_Van_Duyne" title="Beth Van Duyne">Beth Van Duyne</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_24th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 24th congressional district">District 24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">Michael C. Burgess</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_26th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 26th congressional district">District 26</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Jasmine_Crockett" title="Jasmine Crockett">Jasmine Crockett</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_30th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 30th congressional district">District 30</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">Colin Allred</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_32nd_congressional_district" title="Texas's 32nd congressional district">District 32</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">Marc Veasey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_33rd_congressional_district" title="Texas's 33rd congressional district">District 33</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="text-align:center;"><b>State</b><sup id="cite_ref-whorep_259-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whorep-259"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#DDDDDD;"><b><a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></b> </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#DDDDDD;"><b><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">Senate</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Name</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Party</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>District</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Name</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>Party</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"><b>District</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><i>Vacant</i> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 100 </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hall_(politician)" title="Bob Hall (politician)">Bob Hall</a> <sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/members/dist2/dist2.htm">[1]</a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate,_District_2" title="Texas Senate, District 2">District 2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Ana-Maria_Ramos" title="Ana-Maria Ramos">Ana-Maria Ramos</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 102 </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Paxton" title="Angela Paxton">Angela Paxton</a> <sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/members/dist8/dist8.htm">[2]</a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate,_District_8" title="Texas Senate, District 8">District 8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Anchia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafael Anchia">Rafael Anchia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 103 </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Hancock" title="Kelly Hancock">Kelly Hancock</a> <sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/members/dist9/dist9.htm">[3]</a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate,_District_9" title="Texas Senate, District 9">District 9</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(politician)" title="Jessica González (politician)">Jessica González</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 104 </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_M._Johnson" title="Nathan M. Johnson">Nathan M. Johnson</a> <sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/members/dist16/dist16.htm">[4]</a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate,_District_16" title="Texas Senate, District 16">District 16</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Meza" title="Terry Meza">Terry Meza</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 105 </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Royce_West" title="Royce West">Royce West</a> <sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/members/dist23/dist23.htm">[5]</a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate,_District_23" title="Texas Senate, District 23">District 23</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Neave" title="Victoria Neave">Victoria Neave</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 107 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:">Morgan Meyer </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 108 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sherman_(Texas_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Sherman (Texas politician)">Carl Sherman</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 109 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Toni_Rose_(politician)" title="Toni Rose (politician)">Toni Rose</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 110 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Davis" title="Yvonne Davis">Yvonne Davis</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 111 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Angie_Chen_Button" title="Angie Chen Button">Angie Chen Button</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 112 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:">Rhetta Bowers </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 113 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/John_Turner_(Texas_politician)" title="John Turner (Texas politician)">John Turner</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 114 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Johnson_(politician)" title="Julie Johnson (politician)">Julie Johnson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="background-color:">District 115 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas">United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas</a>, which exercises original jurisdiction over 100 counties in North and West Texas, convenes in the <a href="/wiki/Earle_Cabell_Federal_Building_and_Courthouse" title="Earle Cabell Federal Building and Courthouse">Earle Cabell Federal Building and Courthouse</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Government_District,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Government District, Dallas, Texas">Government District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a>. The same building additionally houses <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bankruptcy_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Bankruptcy Court">United States Bankruptcy</a> and Magistrate Courts and a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorney</a> office. Dallas also is the seat of the Fifth Court of Appeals of Texas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2023, Dallas has been the largest city in the United States with a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> mayor after Eric Johnson switched parties after <a href="/wiki/2023_Dallas_mayoral_election" title="2023 Dallas mayoral election">winning re-election</a>. He ran and was elected as a Democrat.<sup id="cite_ref-260" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-260"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the city is normally a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> stronghold, with over 69% of voters supporting <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a> and 67% of voters supporting <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a> (excluding write-ins).<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_-_Election_Results_261-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_-_Election_Results-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> voters dominate the majority of the city, especially the <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">central</a> <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban core</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Dallas" title="South Dallas">southern</a> sectors, with <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> spreading a sliver of suburban neighborhoods in <a href="/wiki/North_Dallas" title="North Dallas">North Dallas</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 U.S. presidential election</a>, 57% of Dallas voters voted for <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> over <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-262" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-262"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>255<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas County was closely divided, with 50% of voters voting for Bush and 49% voting for Kerry.<sup id="cite_ref-263" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-263"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>256<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Results in the 2008 and 2012 elections favored <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, with the 44th President receiving 57% of Dallas County voters in both years, with greater margins in the city of Dallas. In the 2016 U.S. presidential election, approximately 66% of Dallas voters voted for <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, with 28% of city voters voting for <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_-_Election_Results_261-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_-_Election_Results-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas County as a whole saw 61% of voters voting for Clinton, with 35% support for Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_-_Election_Results_261-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_-_Election_Results-261"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, <a href="/wiki/Lupe_Valdez" title="Lupe Valdez">Lupe Valdez</a> was elected Dallas County <a href="/wiki/Sheriff" title="Sheriff">Sheriff</a>. An open lesbian, Valdez was the only female sheriff in the state of Texas until her resignation. Despite controversies in her handling of county jails, she won re-election in 2008 with a 10-point victory over Republican challenger Lowell Cannaday.<sup id="cite_ref-264" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-264"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>257<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Dallas city vote<br /> by party in Presidential elections<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_County_Election_Results_265-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_County_Election_Results-265"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-collincountytx.gov_266-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-collincountytx.gov-266"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denton_County_Election_Results_267-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denton_County_Election_Results-267"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:lightgrey;"> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">Third Parties</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="2020 United States presidential election in Texas">2020</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>69.3%</b> <i>315,166</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">28.4% <i>129,086</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.2% <i>10,351</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="2016 United States presidential election in Texas">2016</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>67.2%</b> <i>247,424</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">28.7% <i>105,814</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">4.1% <i>15,169</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Dallas city vote<br /> by party in Senate elections<sup id="cite_ref-Dallas_County_Election_Results_265-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dallas_County_Election_Results-265"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>258<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-collincountytx.gov_266-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-collincountytx.gov-266"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>259<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denton_County_Election_Results_267-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denton_County_Election_Results-267"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>260<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:lightgrey;"> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">Third Parties</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="2020 United States Senate election in Texas">2020</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>65.4%</b> <i>293,817</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">32.0% <i>143,861</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.6% <i>11,506</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="2018 United States Senate election in Texas">2018</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>71.2%</b> <i>255,236</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">28.1% <i>100,633</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.7% <i>2,636</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="2014 United States Senate election in Texas">2014</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>57.9%</b> <i>107,549</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">42.1% <i>78,094</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.0% <i>0</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Hall.jpg/220px-Dallas_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Hall.jpg/330px-Dallas_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Dallas_Hall.jpg/440px-Dallas_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Dallas Hall at <a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a> in <a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park, Texas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duck_Pond,_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg/220px-Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg/330px-Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg/440px-Duck_Pond%2C_Dallas_Baptist_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist University</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg/220px-UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg/330px-UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg/440px-UTSW_Nima_Sep_2021_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2602" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/UT_Southwestern" class="mw-redirect" title="UT Southwestern">UT Southwestern</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Residence_Hall_(University_of_Texas_at_Dallas).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg/220px-Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg/330px-Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg/440px-Residence_Hall_%28University_of_Texas_at_Dallas%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Residence Hall at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Dallas" title="University of Texas at Dallas">University of Texas at Dallas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UTAPlanetarium.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UTAPlanetarium.PNG/220px-UTAPlanetarium.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UTAPlanetarium.PNG/330px-UTAPlanetarium.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/UTAPlanetarium.PNG/440px-UTAPlanetarium.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1053" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>Chemistry & Physics Building with planetarium at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Arlington" title="University of Texas at Arlington">The University of Texas at Arlington</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg/220px-SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg/330px-SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg/440px-SB_Hall_with_Braniff_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="1344" /></a><figcaption>SB Hall with Braniff Tower in the background at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dallas" title="University of Dallas">University of Dallas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg/220px-Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg/330px-Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg/440px-Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington_High_School_for_the_Performing_and_Visual_Arts" title="Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts">Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Arts District, Dallas">Arts District</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Dallas" title="Education in Dallas">Education in Dallas</a></div> <p>There are 337 public schools, 89 private schools, 38 colleges, and 32 libraries in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-268" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-268"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>261<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas–Fort Worth is also home to six Nobel Laureates.<sup id="cite_ref-269" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-269"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>262<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="List of colleges and universities in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">List of colleges and universities in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a></div> <p>The Dallas area has a high number of colleges and universities. In addition to those in the city, the surrounding cities also have a number of universities, colleges, trade schools, and other educational institutions. The following describes the universities and their proximity to the city: </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a> defines all areas in Dallas County and in the <a href="/wiki/Carrollton-Farmers_Branch_Independent_School_District" title="Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District">Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District</a> as being in the service area of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_College" title="Dallas College">Dallas College</a> (formerly Dallas County Community College District or DCCCD). Areas in Collin County are assigned to <a href="/wiki/Collin_College" title="Collin College">Collin College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-270" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-270"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>263<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_city_limits">Colleges and universities within Dallas city limits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities within Dallas city limits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UT_Southwestern_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center">UT Southwestern Medical Center</a> ("UTSW") is a prominent academic medical center north of downtown Dallas in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Medical_District" title="Southwestern Medical District">Southwestern Medical District</a>. Six Nobel laureates have been among its faculty,<sup id="cite_ref-271" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-271"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>264<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and UTSW was ranked #1 in the world among healthcare institutions in biomedical sciences by <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-272" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-272"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>265<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main teaching hospital of the university. UTSW is part of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_System" title="University of Texas System">University of Texas System</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Woman%27s_University" title="Texas Woman's University">Texas Woman's University</a> has operated a nursing school in Dallas at <a href="/wiki/Parkland_Memorial_Hospital" title="Parkland Memorial Hospital">Parkland Memorial Hospital</a> since 1966. The T. Boone Pickens Institute of Health Sciences-Dallas Center (IHSD) was opened in 2011 and is a purpose-built educational facility that replaced the building TWU had used since 1966. TWU also operated an occupational therapy school at <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Hospital_of_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas">Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas</a> from 1977 through 2011 before consolidating those functions into the new IHSD building at Parkland.<sup id="cite_ref-273" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-273"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>266<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Quinn_College" title="Paul Quinn College">Paul Quinn College</a> is a private, historically <a href="/wiki/Black_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black (people)">black</a> college in southeast Dallas. Originally located in <a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco, Texas</a>, it moved to Dallas in 1990 and is housed on the campus of the former <a href="/wiki/Bishop_College" title="Bishop College">Bishop College</a>, another private, historically black college. Dallas billionaire and entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Comer_Cottrell" title="Comer Cottrell">Comer Cottrell Jr.</a>, founder of ProLine Corporation, bought the campus of Bishop College and bequeathed it to Paul Quinn College in 1990 making it the only historically black college in the Dallas area.<sup id="cite_ref-274" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-274"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>267<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_at_Dallas" title="University of North Texas at Dallas">University of North Texas at Dallas</a> is along Houston School Road.<sup id="cite_ref-untdallas_275-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-untdallas-275"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>268<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009 UNT at Dallas became the first public university within Dallas city limits.<sup id="cite_ref-untdtemp_276-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-untdtemp-276"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>269<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_System" title="University of North Texas System">University of North Texas System</a> requested approval from the Texas Legislature and Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board for the state's first new public law school in more than 40 years. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_at_Dallas_College_of_Law" title="University of North Texas at Dallas College of Law">University of North Texas at Dallas College of Law</a> was planned to be based at the Old Municipal Building in Downtown Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-277" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-277"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>270<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Baptist_University" title="Dallas Baptist University">Dallas Baptist University</a> is a private university in the Mountain Creek area of southwest Dallas. Originally in <a href="/wiki/Decatur,_Texas" title="Decatur, Texas">Decatur, Texas</a>, the school moved to Dallas in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-278" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-278"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>271<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school enrolls over 5,600 students,<sup id="cite_ref-279" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-279"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>272<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and offers undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral degrees. Popular subjects include Biblical studies, business, and music degrees. DBU has been recognized by the National Council on Teacher Quality for their high-quality teacher preparatory degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-280" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-280"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>273<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school also maintains an Intensive English Program for international students wishing to enhance their knowledge of the English language. The campus is a <a href="/wiki/Arbor_Day_Foundation" title="Arbor Day Foundation">Tree Campus USA</a> and is recognized as one of the most beautiful university campuses in the Southwest U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-281" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-281"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>274<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school has also become nationally recognized for its baseball team which has made several playoff runs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Theological_Seminary" title="Dallas Theological Seminary">Dallas Theological Seminary</a>, also within the city limits, is recognized as one of the leading seminaries in <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical Protestantism</a>. Situated 3 miles (5 km) east of Downtown Dallas, it has over 2,000 graduate students and has graduated over 12,000 alumni.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criswell_College" title="Criswell College">Criswell College</a> is within two blocks of Dallas Theological Seminary. Criswell was started by First Baptist Church of Dallas in the early 1970s.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County_Community_College_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas County Community College District">Dallas College (formerly Dallas County Community College District)</a>, the 2-year educational institution of Dallas County, has seven campuses throughout the area with branches in Dallas as well as the surrounding suburbs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Colleges_and_universities_within_Dallas_County">Colleges and universities within Dallas County</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities within Dallas County"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_education" title="Mixed-sex education">coeducational</a> university in <a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a>, an independent city that, together with the adjacent town of Highland Park, Dallas surrounds entirely. SMU was founded in 1911 by the <a href="/wiki/Methodist_Episcopal_Church,_South" title="Methodist Episcopal Church, South">Southern Methodist Church</a>, and is now run by <a href="/wiki/R._Gerald_Turner" title="R. Gerald Turner">R. Gerald Turner</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Dallas" title="University of Texas at Dallas">The University of Texas at Dallas</a> is a part of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_System" title="University of Texas System">University of Texas System</a>. It is in the city of <a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a>, about 15 miles (24 km) north of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown Dallas</a>. It is in the heart of the <a href="/wiki/Telecom_Corridor" title="Telecom Corridor">Telecom Corridor</a>. UT Dallas is an <a href="/wiki/List_of_research_universities_in_the_United_States" title="List of research universities in the United States">R1 or Tier-1 University</a>, classified by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education as a doctoral-granting university with the highest research activity. The university has many collaborative research relationships with <a href="/wiki/UT_Southwestern_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UT Southwestern Medical Center">UT Southwestern Medical Center</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dallas" title="University of Dallas">The University of Dallas</a>, in the suburb of <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving</a>, is an enclave of Roman Catholicism in the majority Protestant religious landscape of Dallas–Fort Worth. St. Albert the Great Dominican Priory and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Seminary" title="Holy Trinity Seminary">Holy Trinity Seminary</a> are on campus, while the <a href="/wiki/Cistercian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cistercian">Cistercian</a> Monastery and Cistercian Preparatory School are just north of the UD campus across <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_114" title="Texas State Highway 114">Texas State Highway 114</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Highlands_School" title="The Highlands School">The Highlands School</a>, a PK–12 <a href="/wiki/Legionaries_of_Christ" title="Legionaries of Christ">Legionary</a> school, is just west of the UD campus and connects to campus by jogging trails. As a center for religious study, the Cistercian Monastery continues to be notable for scholastic developments in theology.</li> <li>Located in Downtown Dallas, <a href="/wiki/El_Centro_College" class="mw-redirect" title="El Centro College">El Centro College</a> is the flagship institution of the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County_Community_College_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas County Community College District">Dallas County Community College District</a>. El Centro first opened its campus doors in 1966 and now enrolls over 10,000 students. El Centro was the first college of the DCCCD to offer a nursing program and has established relationships with several top-notch hospitals in the Dallas area. The college is also the only campus within DCCCD that offers a Food & Hospitality Program as well as renowned programs in fashion design and fashion marketing.<sup id="cite_ref-282" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-282"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>275<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="University_Research_Center">University Research Center</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: University Research Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_AgriLife" title="Texas A&M AgriLife">Texas A&M-Dallas Research and Extension Center</a><sup id="cite_ref-283" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-283"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>276<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_area_colleges_and_universities">Other area colleges and universities</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Other area colleges and universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Arlington" title="University of Texas at Arlington">The University of Texas at Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas" title="University of North Texas">The University of North Texas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Woman%27s_University" title="Texas Woman's University">Texas Woman's University</a> in Denton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarleton_State_University" title="Tarleton State University">Tarleton State University</a> in Fort Worth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Phoenix" title="University of Phoenix">University of Phoenix</a> in Dallas, Irving, Plano, Arlington, <a href="/wiki/Hurst,_Texas" title="Hurst, Texas">Hurst</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cedar_Hill,_Texas" title="Cedar Hill, Texas">Cedar Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Christian_College" title="Dallas Christian College">Dallas Christian College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch,_Texas" title="Farmers Branch, Texas">Farmers Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Baptist_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Arlington Baptist College">Arlington Baptist College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collin_College" title="Collin College">Collin College</a> in Collin County</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remington_College" title="Remington College">Remington College</a> in Garland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remington_College" title="Remington College">Remington College</a> in Fort Worth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Christian_University" title="Texas Christian University">Texas Christian University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Wesleyan_University" title="Texas Wesleyan University">Texas Wesleyan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Health_Science_Center_at_Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth">University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_College" title="Austin College">Austin College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93Commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas A&M University–Commerce">Texas A&M University–Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Assemblies_of_God_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwestern Assemblies of God University">Southwestern Assemblies of God University</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Waxahachie,_Texas" title="Waxahachie, Texas">Waxahachie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarro_College" title="Navarro College">Navarro College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Corsicana,_Texas" title="Corsicana, Texas">Corsicana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarrant_County_College" title="Tarrant County College">Tarrant County College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tarrant_County,_Texas" title="Tarrant County, Texas">Tarrant County</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most areas in the city of Dallas are within the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Independent_School_District" title="Dallas Independent School District">Dallas Independent School District</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020_284-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020-284"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 12th-largest school district in the United States and second largest in Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-insidedisd_285-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-insidedisd-285"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school district operates independently of the city and enrolls over 161,000 students.<sup id="cite_ref-insidedisd_285-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-insidedisd-285"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>278<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2003 DISD has the majority of K–12 students in the city of Dallas, and a proportionately larger number of students who are not <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic White">non-Hispanic white</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hansonp82_286-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hansonp82-286"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>279<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the district's <a href="/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">magnet schools</a>, the <a href="/wiki/School_for_the_Talented_and_Gifted" title="School for the Talented and Gifted">School for the Talented and Gifted</a> in Oak Cliff. </p><p>A few areas of Dallas also extend into other school districts in Dallas County, including <a href="/wiki/Carrollton-Farmers_Branch_Independent_School_District" title="Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District">Carrollton-Farmers Branch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coppell_Independent_School_District" title="Coppell Independent School District">Coppell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncanville_Independent_School_District" title="Duncanville Independent School District">Duncanville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garland_Independent_School_District" title="Garland Independent School District">Garland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-287" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-287"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>280<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_Independent_School_District" title="Highland Park Independent School District">Highland Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irving_Independent_School_District" title="Irving Independent School District">Irving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesquite_Independent_School_District" title="Mesquite Independent School District">Mesquite</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richardson_Independent_School_District" title="Richardson Independent School District">Richardson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020_284-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020-284"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>277<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portions of Dallas in Collin County are in <a href="/wiki/Plano_Independent_School_District" title="Plano Independent School District">Plano ISD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-288" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-288"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>281<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and portions of Dallas in Denton County are in the Carrollton-Farmers Branch ISD.<sup id="cite_ref-289" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-289"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>282<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Wilmer-Hutchins_Independent_School_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District">Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District</a> once served portions of southern Dallas,<sup id="cite_ref-LastinClass_290-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LastinClass-290"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>283<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it was shut down for the 2005–2006 year. WHISD students started attending other Dallas ISD schools during that time. Following the close, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Education_Agency" title="Texas Education Agency">Texas Education Agency</a> consolidated WHISD into Dallas ISD.<sup id="cite_ref-291" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-291"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>284<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003 Royce Hanson, author of <i><a href="/wiki/Civic_Culture_and_Urban_Change:_Governing_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Culture and Urban Change: Governing Dallas">Civic Culture and Urban Change: Governing Dallas</a></i>, stated that the Plano, Richardson, and Wilmer-Hutchins school districts were the "most significant" of the public school students with students in Dallas who were not in Dallas ISD.<sup id="cite_ref-Hansonp82_286-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hansonp82-286"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>279<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many school districts in <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas County</a>, including Dallas ISD, were formerly served by a governmental agency called <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County_Schools" title="Dallas County Schools">Dallas County Schools</a>. The system provided busing and other transportation services, access to a massive media library, technology services, strong ties to local organizations for education/community integration, and staff development programs.<sup id="cite_ref-292" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-292"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>285<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Private_schools">Private schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Private schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Students from Dallas attend many private schools in Dallas, and in nearby areas. These schools include: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcuin_School" title="Alcuin School">Alcuin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Dunne_Catholic_School" title="Bishop Dunne Catholic School">Bishop Dunne Catholic School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Lynch_High_School" title="Bishop Lynch High School">Bishop Lynch High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhill_School_(Addison,_Texas)" title="Greenhill School (Addison, Texas)">Greenhill School</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Addison,_Texas" title="Addison, Texas">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_School_of_Dallas" title="Episcopal School of Dallas">Episcopal School of Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Baptist_Academy_of_Dallas" title="First Baptist Academy of Dallas">First Baptist Academy of Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hockaday_School" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hockaday School">The Hockaday School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_College_Preparatory_School_of_Dallas" title="Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas">Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_Shelton_School" title="June Shelton School">June Shelton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakehill_Preparatory_School" title="Lakehill Preparatory School">Lakehill Preparatory School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lamplighter_School" title="The Lamplighter School">The Lamplighter School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_Episcopal_School" title="Parish Episcopal School">Parish Episcopal School</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Farmers Branch">Farmers Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mark%27s_School_of_Texas" title="St. Mark's School of Texas">St. Mark's School of Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Christian_Academy_(Addison,_Texas)" title="Trinity Christian Academy (Addison, Texas)">Trinity Christian Academy</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Addison,_Texas" title="Addison, Texas">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursuline_Academy_of_Dallas" title="Ursuline Academy of Dallas">Ursuline Academy of Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Winston_School" title="The Winston School">The Winston School</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg/220px-Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg/330px-Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg/440px-Facade_of_Dallas_Morning_News_office_in_Dallas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2095" data-file-height="1884" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters of <i>The Dallas Morning News</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg/220px-WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg/330px-WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg/440px-WFAAalternatestudiosatVictoryPark2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3744" data-file-height="2183" /></a><figcaption>Satellite studio of WFAA</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Newspapers_of_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers of Dallas, Texas">Newspapers of Dallas, Texas</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">List of radio stations in Texas</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas#Dallas/Fort_Worth" title="List of television stations in Texas">List of television stations in Texas § Dallas/Fort Worth</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_movies_set_in_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of movies set in Dallas, Texas">List of movies set in Dallas, Texas</a>; and <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_shows_set_in_Dallas" title="List of television shows set in Dallas">List of television shows set in Dallas</a></div> <p>Dallas has several local newspapers, magazines, television stations and radio stations that serve the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fifth-largest <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">media market</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-293" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-293"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>286<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dallas has one major daily newspaper, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a></i>, which was founded in 1885 by <a href="/wiki/A._H._Belo" class="mw-redirect" title="A. H. Belo">A. H. Belo</a> and is A. H. Belo's flagship newspaper. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Times_Herald" title="Dallas Times Herald">Dallas Times Herald</a></i>, started in 1888, was the <i>Morning News'</i> major competitor until Belo purchased it on December 8, 1991, and closed the paper down the next day. Other daily newspapers are <i><a href="/wiki/Al_D%C3%ADa_(Dallas)" title="Al Día (Dallas)">Al Día</a></i>, a Spanish-language paper published by Belo, and a number of ethnic newspapers printed in languages such as <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>. </p><p>Other publications include the <i>Dallas Weekly</i> and the <i>Elite News</i>, all weekly news publications. The <i><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Observer" title="Dallas Observer">Dallas Observer</a></i> and the <i>North Texas Journal</i> are also alternative weekly newspapers. <i>The Dallas Morning News</i> formerly had a weekly publication, <i><a href="/wiki/Neighborsgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborsgo">Neighborsgo</a></i>, which came out every Friday and focused on community news. Readers could post stories and contribute content to the website. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/D_Magazine" title="D Magazine">D Magazine</a></i> is a notable monthly magazine about business, life, and entertainment in Dallas–Fort Worth. Local visitor magazines include "WHERE Magazine" and "Travelhost"–available at hotel desks or in guest rooms. In addition, the park cities and suburbs such as Plano also have their own community newspapers. Also, <i>THE Magazine</i> covers the contemporary arts scene.<sup id="cite_ref-294" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-294"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>287<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of the larger metro area, the <i><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Star-Telegram" title="Fort Worth Star-Telegram">Fort Worth Star-Telegram</a></i> is another major daily newspaper, covering <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>'s metropolitan division. It also publishes a major Spanish-language newspaper for the entire metro area known as <i>La Estrella</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-295" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-295"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>288<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the north of Dallas and Fort Worth, the <i><a href="/wiki/Denton_Record-Chronicle" title="Denton Record-Chronicle">Denton Record-Chronicle</a></i> primarily covers news for the <a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">city of Denton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denton_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Denton County">Denton County</a>. </p><p>Area television stations affiliated with the major broadcasting networks (network <a href="/wiki/Owned-and-operated_station" title="Owned-and-operated station">O&O's</a> highlighted in <b>bold</b>) include <b><a href="/wiki/KDFW" title="KDFW">KDFW 4</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>), <b><a href="/wiki/KXAS-TV" title="KXAS-TV">KXAS 5</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WFAA-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WFAA-TV">WFAA 8</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>) (which for many years was owned by <a href="/wiki/Belo_Corporation" title="Belo Corporation">Belo</a> alongside the <i>Morning News</i>), <b><a href="/wiki/KTVT" title="KTVT">KTVT 11</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>), <a href="/wiki/KERA-TV" title="KERA-TV">KERA 13</a> (<a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>), <b><a href="/wiki/KUVN-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KUVN-TV">KUVN 23</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Univisi%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Univisión">UNI</a>), <b><a href="/wiki/KDFI" title="KDFI">KDFI 27</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/My_Network_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="My Network TV">MNTV</a>), <b><a href="/wiki/KDAF" title="KDAF">KDAF 33</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a>), and <b><a href="/wiki/KXTX-TV" title="KXTX-TV">KXTX 39</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">TMD</a>). <a href="/wiki/KTXA" title="KTXA">KTXA 21</a> and <a href="/wiki/KFAA-TV" title="KFAA-TV">KFAA 29</a> are an <a href="/wiki/Independent_station" title="Independent station">independent stations</a>; the former was previously affiliated with the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/UPN" title="UPN">UPN</a> network. </p><p>Over 101 radio stations operate within range of Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-296" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-296"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>289<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of Dallas operates <a href="/wiki/WRR_(FM)" title="WRR (FM)">WRR</a> 101.1 FM, the area's main classical music station, from city offices in <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-297" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-297"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>290<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its original sister station, licensed as <a href="/wiki/WRR_(AM)" class="mw-redirect" title="WRR (AM)">WRR-AM</a> in 1921, is the oldest commercially operated radio station in Texas and the second-oldest in the United States, after <a href="/wiki/KDKA_(AM)" title="KDKA (AM)">KDKA (AM)</a> in Pittsburgh.<sup id="cite_ref-298" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-298"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>291<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/KKDA-FM" title="KKDA-FM">KKDA-FM</a> (K104), an <a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_music" title="Urban contemporary music">urban contemporary</a> station, and <a href="/wiki/KRNB" title="KRNB">KRNB</a> (Smooth R&B 105.7), an <a href="/wiki/Urban_adult_contemporary" title="Urban adult contemporary">urban adult contemporary</a> station, are owned independently by Service Broadcasting Corporation. </p><p>Because of the city's central geographical position and lack of nearby mountainous terrain, high-power <a href="/wiki/List_of_broadcast_station_classes#AM" class="mw-redirect" title="List of broadcast station classes">class A</a> <a href="/wiki/Medium-wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium-wave">medium-wave</a> stations <a href="/wiki/KRLD_(AM)" title="KRLD (AM)">KRLD</a> and <a href="/wiki/WBAP_(AM)" title="WBAP (AM)">WBAP</a> can broadcast as far as southern Canada at night and can be used for emergency messages when broadcasting is down in other major metropolitan areas in the United States. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Voice_of_America" title="Slavic Voice of America">Slavic Voice of America</a> media group serves Russian-speaking Americans out of Dallas. Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation (HBC), the largest company in the Spanish-language radio station business, is based in Dallas.<sup id="cite_ref-299" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-299"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>292<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, HBC was acquired by Univision and became Univision Radio Inc., but the radio company remains headquartered in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-300" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-300"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>293<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_safety">Public safety</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Public safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg/220px-Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg/330px-Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg/440px-Dallas_Police_Department_Headquarters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Police_Department" title="Dallas Police Department">Dallas Police</a> headquarters in the <a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Cedars, Dallas, Texas">Cedars</a> neighborhood</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Police_Department" title="Dallas Police Department">Dallas Police Department</a> provides most policing in Dallas. The Dallas chief of police is Eddie Garcia.<sup id="cite_ref-dmn109429_301-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dmn109429-301"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>294<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The police headquarters are in the Cedars neighborhood of southern Dallas. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services" title="Emergency medical services">Emergency medical services</a> and fire protection in the city are provided by the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Fire-Rescue_Department" title="Dallas Fire-Rescue Department">Dallas Fire-Rescue Department</a>. The Dallas Fire & Rescue chief is Dominique Artis.<sup id="cite_ref-dallasgovernment_302-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dallasgovernment-302"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>295<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The department operates the Dallas Firefighter's Museum built in 1907 along Parry Avenue near Fair Park. Dallas's oldest remaining fire station building still stands at the corner of McKinney Ave. and Leonard and was built in 1892. It was the home of Engine Co. Number 1, and is now a picture framing shop. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parkland_Nima_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Parkland_Nima_1.jpg/220px-Parkland_Nima_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Parkland_Nima_1.jpg/330px-Parkland_Nima_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Parkland_Nima_1.jpg/440px-Parkland_Nima_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Parkland Memorial Hospital</figcaption></figure> <p>Dallas has many hospitals and several medical research facilities within its city limits. One major research center is the Dallas Medical District with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Southwestern_Medical_Center" title="University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center">UT Southwestern Medical Center</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Stemmons_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Stemmons Corridor">Stemmons Corridor</a>, along with the affiliated <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Southwestern_Medical_School" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Texas Southwestern Medical School">UT Southwestern Medical School</a>. The health care complex includes within its bounds <a href="/wiki/Parkland_Memorial_Hospital" title="Parkland Memorial Hospital">Parkland Memorial Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Medical_Center_(Dallas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Children's Medical Center (Dallas)">Children's Medical Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_P._Clements_Jr._University_Hospital" title="William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital">William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital</a> (formerly St. Paul University Hospital), and the <a href="/wiki/William_P._Clements_Jr._University_Hospital" title="William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital">William P. Clements Jr. University Hospital</a>. </p><p>Dallas also has a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">VA</a> hospital in the southern portion of the city, the Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The center is home to a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Mail_Outpatient_Pharmacy" title="Consolidated Mail Outpatient Pharmacy">Consolidated Mail Outpatient Pharmacy</a> (CMOP), part of an initiative by the Department of Veterans Affairs to provide mail-order prescriptions to veterans using computerization at strategic locations throughout the United States. </p><p>Other hospitals in the city include <a href="/wiki/Baylor_University_Medical_Center" title="Baylor University Medical Center">Baylor University Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Dallas" title="East Dallas">East Dallas</a>, Methodist Dallas Medical Center in Oak Cliff, Methodist Charlton Medical Center near <a href="/wiki/Duncanville,_Texas" title="Duncanville, Texas">Duncanville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medical_City_Dallas_Hospital" title="Medical City Dallas Hospital">Medical City Dallas Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Hospital_(Dallas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian Hospital (Dallas)">Presbyterian Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Dallas" title="North Dallas">North Dallas</a>, and the Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children in Oak Lawn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilities">Utilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Utilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas is served by <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Water_Utilities" title="Dallas Water Utilities">Dallas Water Utilities</a>, which operates several waste treatment plants and pulls water from several area reservoirs.<sup id="cite_ref-303" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-303"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>296<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several companies maintain the city's electric system, including <a href="/wiki/Stream_Energy" title="Stream Energy">Stream Energy</a>, Cirro Energy and <a href="/wiki/Oncor_Electric_Delivery" title="Oncor Electric Delivery">Oncor Electric Delivery</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-304" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-304"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>297<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose parent company, <a href="/wiki/Energy_Future_Holdings_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy Future Holdings Corporation">Energy Future Holdings Corporation</a>, has headquarters in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-305" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-305"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>298<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city offers garbage pickup and recycling service weekly through its Sanitation Services department.<sup id="cite_ref-306" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-306"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>299<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Telephone networks, broadband internet, and cable television service are available from several companies, including <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Inc.">AT&T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spectrum_(brand)" title="Spectrum (brand)">Spectrum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Verizon_FiOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon FiOS">Verizon FiOS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DART_passing_Reunion_Tower,_February_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg/220px-DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg/330px-DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg/440px-DART_passing_Reunion_Tower%2C_February_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/DART_light_rail" title="DART light rail">DART light rail</a> passing <a href="/wiki/Reunion_Tower" title="Reunion Tower">Reunion Tower</a> in Downtown Dallas</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Five.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="High Five Interchange in Dallas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/220px-High_Five.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/330px-High_Five.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/440px-High_Five.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2667" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Central_Expressway_(Dallas)" title="Central Expressway (Dallas)">Central Expressway</a> and I-635 interchange, commonly known as the <a href="/wiki/High_Five_Interchange" title="High Five Interchange">High Five Interchange</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Dallas" title="Transportation in Dallas">Transportation in Dallas</a></div> <p>Like many other major cities in the United States, the automobile is the primary mode of local transportation, though efforts have been made to increase the availability of alternative modes of transportation, including the construction of light rail lines, biking and walking paths, wide sidewalks, a trolley system, and buses. <a href="/wiki/Walk_Score" title="Walk Score">Walk Score</a> ranked Dallas the twenty-third most walkable of fifty largest cities in the United States in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-307" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-307"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>300<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, 78.5% of Dallas (city) commuters drive to work alone. The 2009 <a href="/wiki/Modal_share" title="Modal share">mode share</a> for Dallas (city) commuters are 10.7% for carpooling, 3.9% for transit, 1.9% for walking, and .1% for cycling.<sup id="cite_ref-308" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-308"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>301<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, the American Community Survey estimated modal shares for Dallas (city) commuters of 75.4% for driving alone, 12.8% for carpooling, 3.5% for riding transit, 1.9% for walking, and .2% for cycling.<sup id="cite_ref-309" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-309"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>302<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city of Dallas has a higher than average percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 10.2 percent of Dallas households lacked a car, and decreased to 9.1 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Dallas averaged 1.59 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.<sup id="cite_ref-310" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-310"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>303<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Highways">Highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas is at the confluence of four major <a href="/wiki/Interstate_highway_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate highway system">interstate highways</a>—Interstates <a href="/wiki/Interstate_20_in_Texas" title="Interstate 20 in Texas">20</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_30" title="Interstate 30">30</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_35E_(Texas)" title="Interstate 35E (Texas)">35E</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_45" title="Interstate 45">45</a>. The Dallas area freeway system is set up in the popular <a href="/wiki/Spoke-hub_distribution_paradigm" class="mw-redirect" title="Spoke-hub distribution paradigm">hub-and-spoke</a> system, shaped much like a wagon wheel. Starting from the center of the city, a small freeway loop surrounds Downtown, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_635_(Texas)" title="Interstate 635 (Texas)">I-635</a> loop about 10 miles (16 km) outside Downtown, and ultimately the tolled <a href="/wiki/President_George_Bush_Turnpike" title="President George Bush Turnpike">President George Bush Turnpike</a>. </p><p>Inside these freeway loops are other <a href="/wiki/Boulevard" title="Boulevard">boulevard</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Parkway" title="Parkway">parkway</a>-style loops, including <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Loop_12" title="Texas State Highway Loop 12">Loop 12</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belt_Line_Road_(Texas)" title="Belt Line Road (Texas)">Belt Line Road</a>. Another beltway around the city upwards of 45 miles (72 km) from Downtown is under plan in Collin County. </p><p>Radiating out of Downtown Dallas' freeway loop are the spokes of the area's highway system—Interstates 30, 35E, and 45, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_75_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 75 in Texas">US 75</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_77_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 77 in Texas">US 77</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_175" title="U.S. Route 175">US 175</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_366" title="Texas State Highway Spur 366">SH Spur 366</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_North_Tollway" title="Dallas North Tollway">Dallas North Tollway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_114" title="Texas State Highway 114">SH 114</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_80_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 80 in Texas">US 80</a>, and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_67_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 67 in Texas">US 67</a>. Other major highways around the city include <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_183" title="Texas State Highway 183">SH 183</a> and <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_408" title="Texas State Highway Spur 408">Spur 408</a>. </p><p>The recently completed interchange at the intersection of Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_635_(Texas)" title="Interstate 635 (Texas)">I-635</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Central_Expressway_(Dallas)" title="Central Expressway (Dallas)">Central Expressway</a> (US 75) has five stacks and is aptly called the <a href="/wiki/High_Five_Interchange" title="High Five Interchange">High Five Interchange</a>. It is one of the few five-level interchanges in Dallas and is one of the largest freeway interchanges in the United States. </p><p>The following is a list of the freeways and tollways in the Dallas-Fort Worth area: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-20_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/20px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/30px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/40px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_20_in_Texas" title="Interstate 20 in Texas">I-20</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-30_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/I-30_%28TX%29.svg/20px-I-30_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/I-30_%28TX%29.svg/30px-I-30_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/I-30_%28TX%29.svg/40px-I-30_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_30" title="Interstate 30">I-30</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-35E_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/I-35E_%28TX%29.svg/25px-I-35E_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/I-35E_%28TX%29.svg/38px-I-35E_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/I-35E_%28TX%29.svg/50px-I-35E_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_35E_(Texas)" title="Interstate 35E (Texas)">I-35E</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-35W_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/I-35W_%28TX%29.svg/25px-I-35W_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/I-35W_%28TX%29.svg/38px-I-35W_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/I-35W_%28TX%29.svg/50px-I-35W_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_35W_(Texas)" title="Interstate 35W (Texas)">I-35W</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-45_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/I-45_%28TX%29.svg/20px-I-45_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/I-45_%28TX%29.svg/30px-I-45_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/I-45_%28TX%29.svg/40px-I-45_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_45" title="Interstate 45">I-45</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-635_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/I-635_%28TX%29.svg/25px-I-635_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/I-635_%28TX%29.svg/38px-I-635_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/I-635_%28TX%29.svg/50px-I-635_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_635_(Texas)" title="Interstate 635 (Texas)">I-635</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-820_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-820_%28TX%29.svg/25px-I-820_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-820_%28TX%29.svg/38px-I-820_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-820_%28TX%29.svg/50px-I-820_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Interstate_820" title="Interstate 820">I-820</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_67.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/US_67.svg/20px-US_67.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/US_67.svg/30px-US_67.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/US_67.svg/40px-US_67.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_67_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 67 in Texas">US 67</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_75.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/US_75.svg/20px-US_75.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/US_75.svg/30px-US_75.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/US_75.svg/40px-US_75.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_75_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 75 in Texas">US 75</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_77.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US_77.svg/20px-US_77.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US_77.svg/30px-US_77.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US_77.svg/40px-US_77.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_77_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 77 in Texas">US 77</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_80.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/20px-US_80.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/30px-US_80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/40px-US_80.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_80_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 80 in Texas">US 80</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_175.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/US_175.svg/25px-US_175.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/US_175.svg/38px-US_175.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/US_175.svg/50px-US_175.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_175" title="U.S. Route 175">US 175</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_287.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/US_287.svg/25px-US_287.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/US_287.svg/38px-US_287.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/US_287.svg/50px-US_287.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_287_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 287 in Texas">US 287</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_114.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Texas_114.svg/20px-Texas_114.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Texas_114.svg/30px-Texas_114.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Texas_114.svg/40px-Texas_114.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_114" title="Texas State Highway 114">SH 114</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_121.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Texas_121.svg/20px-Texas_121.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Texas_121.svg/30px-Texas_121.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Texas_121.svg/40px-Texas_121.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toll_Texas_121.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Toll_Texas_121.svg/20px-Toll_Texas_121.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Toll_Texas_121.svg/30px-Toll_Texas_121.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Toll_Texas_121.svg/40px-Toll_Texas_121.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="385" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_121" title="Texas State Highway 121">SH 121</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_161.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Texas_161.svg/20px-Texas_161.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Texas_161.svg/30px-Texas_161.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Texas_161.svg/40px-Texas_161.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_161" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas State Highway 161">SH 161</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_183.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Texas_183.svg/20px-Texas_183.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Texas_183.svg/30px-Texas_183.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Texas_183.svg/40px-Texas_183.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_183" title="Texas State Highway 183">SH 183</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_190.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Texas_190.svg/20px-Texas_190.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Texas_190.svg/30px-Texas_190.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Texas_190.svg/40px-Texas_190.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_190" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas State Highway 190">SH 190</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_360.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Texas_360.svg/20px-Texas_360.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Texas_360.svg/30px-Texas_360.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Texas_360.svg/40px-Texas_360.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_360" title="Texas State Highway 360">SH 360</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_Loop_12.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Texas_Loop_12.svg/20px-Texas_Loop_12.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Texas_Loop_12.svg/30px-Texas_Loop_12.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Texas_Loop_12.svg/40px-Texas_Loop_12.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Loop_12" title="Texas State Highway Loop 12">Loop 12</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_Spur_366.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Texas_Spur_366.svg/20px-Texas_Spur_366.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Texas_Spur_366.svg/30px-Texas_Spur_366.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Texas_Spur_366.svg/40px-Texas_Spur_366.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_366" title="Texas State Highway Spur 366">Spur 366</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_Spur_408.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Texas_Spur_408.svg/20px-Texas_Spur_408.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Texas_Spur_408.svg/30px-Texas_Spur_408.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Texas_Spur_408.svg/40px-Texas_Spur_408.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_408" title="Texas State Highway Spur 408">Spur 408</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_Spur_482.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Texas_Spur_482.svg/20px-Texas_Spur_482.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Texas_Spur_482.svg/30px-Texas_Spur_482.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Texas_Spur_482.svg/40px-Texas_Spur_482.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Spur_482" title="Texas State Highway Spur 482">Spur 482</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg/20px-Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg/30px-Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg/40px-Toll_Texas_DNT_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="481" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Dallas_North_Tollway" title="Dallas North Tollway">Dallas North Tollway</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg/20px-Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg/30px-Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg/40px-Toll_Texas_PGBT_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="481" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/President_George_Bush_Turnpike" title="President George Bush Turnpike">President George Bush Turnpike</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg/20px-Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg/30px-Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg/40px-Toll_Texas_SRT_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="481" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn_Tollway" title="Sam Rayburn Tollway">Sam Rayburn Tollway</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg/20px-Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg/30px-Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg/40px-Toll_Texas_CTP_new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="481" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Chisholm_Trail_Parkway" title="Chisholm Trail Parkway">Chisholm Trail Parkway</a></b></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DFWAirportOverview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/DFWAirportOverview.jpg/220px-DFWAirportOverview.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/DFWAirportOverview.jpg/330px-DFWAirportOverview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/DFWAirportOverview.jpg/440px-DFWAirportOverview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3296" data-file-height="2480" /></a><figcaption>In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Fort_Worth_International_Airport" title="Dallas Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas Fort Worth International Airport</a> was the busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-311" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-311"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>304<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Two commercial airports serve Dallas: <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Fort_Worth_International_Airport" title="Dallas Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas Fort Worth International Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Dallas Love Field</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Executive_Airport" title="Dallas Executive Airport">Dallas Executive Airport</a> (formerly Redbird Airport), serves as a <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> airport for the city, and <a href="/wiki/Addison_Airport" title="Addison Airport">Addison Airport</a> functions similarly just outside the city limits in the suburb of Addison. Two more general aviation airports are about 35 miles (56 km) north of Dallas in <a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a>, and another two are in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>, on the west side of the metroplex. <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth_Alliance_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Worth Alliance Airport">Alliance Airport</a>, in far North Fort Worth, is a cargo reliever airport to DFW Airport and general aviation facility. </p><p>DFW Airport is in the suburbs slightly north of and equidistant to Downtown Fort Worth and Downtown Dallas. In terms of size, DFW International is the largest airport in the state, the second largest in the United States, and ninth largest in the world; DFW International Airport is larger than the island of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-312" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-312"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>305<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of traffic, DFW Airport is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Texas#Busiest_Texan_airports" title="List of airports in Texas">busiest airport in the state</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_the_United_States" title="List of the busiest airports in the United States">fourth-busiest in the United States</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports" title="List of the busiest airports">eleventh-busiest in the world</a>. The headquarters of <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a>, the largest air carrier in the world ahead of <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a>, is less than one mile (1.6 km) from DFW Airport within Fort Worth's city limits. Similarly, Love Field is within Dallas's city limits, about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Downtown, and is headquarters to <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a>, the largest domestic airline in the United States. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transit_systems">Transit systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Transit systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_(50981556156).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg/220px-Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg/330px-Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg/440px-Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit_New_Flyer_Xcelsior_%2850981556156%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Dallas Area Rapid Transit">Dallas Area Rapid Transit</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Transit_Station_(49328548206).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg/220px-Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg/330px-Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg/440px-Transit_Station_%2849328548206%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4089" data-file-height="2726" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/DFW_Skylink" title="DFW Skylink">DFW Skylink</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg/220px-TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg/330px-TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg/440px-TEXRail_DFW_Airport_Terminal_B_Nov_2019_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6774" data-file-height="4115" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/TEXRail" title="TEXRail">TEXRail</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Dallas Area Rapid Transit">Dallas Area Rapid Transit</a> (DART) is the Dallas-area public transportation authority that provides rail, buses and <a href="/wiki/HOV" class="mw-redirect" title="HOV">HOV</a> lanes to commuters. DART began operating the first <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> system in Texas in 1996, and it is now the largest operator of light rail in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-313" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-313"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>306<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the system is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_light_rail_systems_by_ridership" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States light rail systems by ridership">seventh-busiest</a> light rail system in the country with approximately 55 stations on 72 miles (116 km) of light rail, and 10 stations on 35 miles (56 km) of commuter rail.<sup id="cite_ref-314" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-314"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>307<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes four light rail lines and a commuter line: the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(DART)" title="Red Line (DART)">Red Line</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Line_(DART)" title="Blue Line (DART)">Blue Line</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_(DART)" title="Green Line (DART)">Green Line</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(DART)" title="Orange Line (DART)">Orange Line</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Railway_Express" title="Trinity Railway Express">Trinity Railway Express</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(DART)" title="Red Line (DART)">Red Line</a> travels through <a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Dallas" title="South Dallas">South Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uptown_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Uptown Dallas">Uptown</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dallas" title="North Dallas">North Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Line_(DART)" title="Blue Line (DART)">Blue Line</a> goes through Oak Cliff, Downtown, Uptown, <a href="/wiki/East_Dallas" title="East Dallas">East Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Highlands" title="Lake Highlands">Lake Highlands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(DART)" title="Red Line (DART)">Red</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blue_Line_(DART)" title="Blue Line (DART)">Blue</a> lines are conjoined between <a href="/wiki/8th_%26_Corinth_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="8th & Corinth Station">8th & Corinth Station</a> in Oak Cliff through <a href="/wiki/Mockingbird_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mockingbird Station">Mockingbird Station</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Dallas" title="North Dallas">North Dallas</a>. The two lines service <a href="/wiki/Cityplace_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cityplace Station">Cityplace Station</a>. The Green Line serves <a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch,_Texas" title="Farmers Branch, Texas">Farmers Branch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Love Field Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stemmons_Corridor,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Stemmons Corridor, Dallas, Texas">Stemmons Corridor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Park, Dallas, Texas">Victory Park</a>, Downtown, <a href="/wiki/Deep_Ellum,_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep Ellum, Dallas, Texas">Deep Ellum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a>, South Dallas, and <a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Grove,_Dallas" title="Pleasant Grove, Dallas">Pleasant Grove</a>. </p><p>The Orange Line initially operated as a peak-service line providing extra capacity on portions of the Green and Red Lines (<a href="/wiki/Bachman_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachman Station">Bachman Station</a> on the Green Line, through the Downtown transit mall, to <a href="/wiki/Parker_Road_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Parker Road Station">Parker Road Station</a> on the Red Line making a "U"-shape). However, the first stage of the Orange Line opened on December 6, 2010, extending its west end from Bachman to <a href="/wiki/Belt_Line_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Belt Line Station">Belt Line Station</a> in Irving. The second and final phase opened in August 2014 and provided <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas–Fort Worth International Airport">DFW Airport</a> with rail service. <a href="/wiki/DFW_Airport_Terminal_A_station" title="DFW Airport Terminal A station">DFW Airport Terminal A station</a> is the terminus for the Orange Line and connects <a href="/wiki/DFW_Skylink" title="DFW Skylink">Skylink</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dart.org_315-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dart.org-315"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>308<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This provides passengers the convenience of disembarking the DART rail, proceeding to security check-in and immediately boarding <a href="/wiki/DFW_Skylink" title="DFW Skylink">Skylink</a> to be quickly transported to their desired terminal. The Blue Line has also been extended by 4.5 miles (7.2 km) to serve <a href="/wiki/Rowlett,_Texas" title="Rowlett, Texas">Rowlett</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Rowlett_Park_%26_Ride" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowlett Park & Ride">Rowlett Park & Ride</a> facility.<sup id="cite_ref-316" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-316"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>309<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2009, the Regional Transportation Council agreed to seek $96 million in federal stimulus dollars for a trolley project in Dallas and Fort Worth. The Oak Cliff Transit Authority took the lead with leaders envisioning a streetcar line that would link <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Union_Station" title="Dallas Union Station">Union Station</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Convention_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Convention Center">Dallas Convention Center</a> in Downtown to Oak Cliff, Methodist Medical Center, and the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop Arts District">Bishop Arts District</a> via the Houston Street Viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-317" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-317"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>310<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dallas was awarded a $23 million TIGER grant towards the $58 million Dallas Streetcar Project in February 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-318" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-318"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>311<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to light rail, <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Eagle" title="Texas Eagle">Texas Eagle</a></i> also serves Union Station, providing daily service east to <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> and west to <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_station_(Texas)" title="San Antonio station (Texas)">San Antonio</a>, and thrice-weekly service west to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>. The Trinity Rail Express terminates at Union Station and <a href="/wiki/T%26P_Station" title="T&P Station">T&P Station</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Dallas" title="List of people from Dallas">List of people from Dallas</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Dallas has worked to build Sister & Friendship City relationships around the globe. These relationships help create and strengthen partnerships between Dallas and the <a href="/wiki/International_community" title="International community">international community</a>. The program aims to build global cooperation at the municipal level by promoting cultural understanding and stimulating <a href="/wiki/Economic_development" title="Economic development">economic development</a> between Dallas and its foreign counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-319" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-319"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>312<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas's <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a> are:<sup id="cite_ref-sistercities_320-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sistercities-320"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>313<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a>, Czech Republic</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>, India<sup id="cite_ref-321" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-321"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>314<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a>, Mexico</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>, Latvia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a>, Russia (ties suspended in 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-322" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-322"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>315<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a>, Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Taiwan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a>, Spain</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friendship_cities">Friendship cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Friendship cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dallas has friendly relations with:<sup id="cite_ref-sistercities_320-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sistercities-320"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>313<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, China</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/28px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/42px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/56px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_North_Texas" title="List of museums in North Texas">List of museums in North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dallas_County,_Texas" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas">National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Triangle" title="Texas Triangle">Texas Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Dallas" title="USS Dallas">USS <i>Dallas</i></a>, 3 ships</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_attack_on_Dallas_police" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 attack on Dallas police">2015 attack on Dallas police</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In ascending order from the <a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">in terms of metropolitan population</a>): Chicago via <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a>, Los Angeles via the Pacific Ocean, and New York City via the Atlantic Ocean. For attempts to render the Trinity River navigable to the Gulf of Mexico, see <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGard" class="citation web cs1">Gard, Wayne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ett01">"Trinity River Navigation Projects"</a>. The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trinity+River+Navigation+Projects&rft.series=The+Handbook+of+Texas+Online&rft.pub=Texas+State+Historical+Association+%28TSHA%29&rft.aulast=Gard&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftshaonline.org%2Fhandbook%2Fonline%2Farticles%2Fett01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span>; The Trinity River Authority of Texas (TRA), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130916213822/http://www.trinityra.org/ourhistory">"The Trinity River Authority of Texas (TRA)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trinityra.org/ourhistory">the original</a> on September 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Trinity+River+Authority+of+Texas+%28TRA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trinityra.org%2Fourhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span> (last visited September 16, 2013); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130831105707/http://www.trinityrivertexas.org/video_full.php"><i>Living with the Trinity: The Trinity River in Dallas, Fort Worth, North Texas and Beyond</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trinityrivertexas.org/video_full.php">the original</a> on August 31, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Living+with+the+Trinity%3A+The+Trinity+River+in+Dallas%2C+Fort+Worth%2C+North+Texas+and+Beyond&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrinityrivertexas.org%2Fvideo_full.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span>. See also <a href="/wiki/Trinity_River_(Texas)" title="Trinity River (Texas)">Trinity River (Texas)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">If this theory is correct, the name is derived from <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> <i>Dalais</i>, the etymology of which is in turn uncertain but may be from a <a href="/wiki/Pictish_language" title="Pictish language">Pictish</a> term that roughly translates to "meadow abode".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mean monthly maxima and minima calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official records for Dallas were kept at the Weather Bureau Office in downtown from 15 October 1913 to August 1940, and at Love Field since September 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sunshine normals are based on only 24 years of data.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fifteen-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fifteen_103-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fifteen_103-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">From 15% sample</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dallas elects mayors in nonpartisan races, however, mayor <a href="/wiki/Eric_Johnson_(Texas_politician)" title="Eric Johnson (Texas politician)">Eric Johnson</a> switched parties to the Republicans after winning re-election in <a href="/wiki/2023_Dallas_mayoral_election" title="2023 Dallas mayoral election">2023</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2021-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2021_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2021_Gazetteer/2021_gaz_place_48.txt">"2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2021+U.S.+Gazetteer+Files&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fdocs%2Fmaps-data%2Fdata%2Fgazetteer%2F2021_Gazetteer%2F2021_gaz_place_48.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gnis-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gnis_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gnis_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/2410288">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Dallas</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-QuickFacts-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/dallascitytexas/POP010220">"QuickFacts: Dallas city, Texas"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 20,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QuickFacts%3A+Dallas+city%2C+Texas&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fdallascitytexas%2FPOP010220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban_area-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urban_area_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography/guidance/geo-areas/urban-rural.html">"List of 2020 Census Urban Areas"</a>. <i>census.gov</i>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=List+of+2020+Census+Urban+Areas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fgeography%2Fguidance%2Fgeo-areas%2Furban-rural.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020Pop-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2020Pop_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html">"2020 Population and Housing State Data"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+Population+and+Housing+State+Data&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fvisualizations%2Finteractive%2F2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NGMP19100">"Total Gross Domestic Product for Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX (MSA)"</a>. <i>Federal Reserve Economic Data</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Reserve+Economic+Data&rft.atitle=Total+Gross+Domestic+Product+for+Dallas-Fort+Worth-Arlington%2C+TX+%28MSA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffred.stlouisfed.org%2Fseries%2FNGMP19100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101104123722/http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown.jsp">"Zip Code Lookup"</a>. USPS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown.jsp">the original</a> on November 4, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zip+Code+Lookup&rft.pub=USPS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzip4.usps.com%2Fzip4%2Fcitytown.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=682&frmNXX=&frmCity=Dallas&frmState=TX&frmZip=&frmCounty=Dallas&frmCompany=&search.x=0&search.y=0">"Area Code Lookup (NPA NXX)"</a>. <i>Area-codes.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Area-codes.com&rft.atitle=Area+Code+Lookup+%28NPA+NXX%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.area-codes.com%2Fsearch.asp%3FfrmNPA%3D682%26frmNXX%3D%26frmCity%3DDallas%26frmState%3DTX%26frmZip%3D%26frmCounty%3DDallas%26frmCompany%3D%26search.x%3D0%26search.y%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.area-codes.com/search.asp?frmNPA=817&frmNXX=&frmCity=Dallas&frmState=TX&frmZip=&frmCounty=Dallas&frmCompany=&search.x=0&search.y=0">"Area Code Lookup (NPA NXX)"</a>. <i>Area-codes.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Area-codes.com&rft.atitle=Area+Code+Lookup+%28NPA+NXX%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.area-codes.com%2Fsearch.asp%3FfrmNPA%3D817%26frmNXX%3D%26frmCity%3DDallas%26frmState%3DTX%26frmZip%3D%26frmCounty%3DDallas%26frmCompany%3D%26search.x%3D0%26search.y%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GR2_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBureau" class="citation web cs1">Bureau, U.S. Census. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200213004937/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2018/PEPANNCHG.US24PR">"American FactFinder – Results"</a>. <i>factfinder.census.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2018/PEPANNCHG.US24PR">the original</a> on February 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=factfinder.census.gov&rft.atitle=American+FactFinder+%E2%80%93+Results&rft.aulast=Bureau&rft.aufirst=U.S.+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FPEP%2F2018%2FPEPANNCHG.US24PR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Infoplease-2023-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Infoplease-2023_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Infoplease-2023_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infoplease.com/us/cities/top-50-cities-us-population-and-rank">"Top 50 Cities in the U.S. by Population and Rank"</a>. <i>www.infoplease.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.infoplease.com&rft.atitle=Top+50+Cities+in+the+U.S.+by+Population+and+Rank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoplease.com%2Fus%2Fcities%2Ftop-50-cities-us-population-and-rank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texasalmanac.com/topics/facts-profile">"Facts"</a>. <i>Texas Almanac</i>. November 20, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Almanac&rft.atitle=Facts&rft.date=2017-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexasalmanac.com%2Ftopics%2Ffacts-profile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-handbook_dallas2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-handbook_dallas2_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-handbook_dallas2_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdd01">Dallas, TX</a> from the <i><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Handbook of Texas">Handbook of Texas</a> Online</i>.  Retrieved April 20, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dart.org/maps/printrailmap.asp">"DART Rail System Map"</a>. <i>dart.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dart.org&rft.atitle=DART+Rail+System+Map&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdart.org%2Fmaps%2Fprintrailmap.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-South/Dallas-Economy.html">"Dallas: Economy – Major Industries and Commercial Activity, Incentive ProgramsNew and Existing Companies"</a>. <i>City-data.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City-data.com&rft.atitle=Dallas%3A+Economy+%E2%80%93+Major+Industries+and+Commercial+Activity%2C+Incentive+ProgramsNew+and+Existing+Companies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city-data.com%2Fus-cities%2FThe-South%2FDallas-Economy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ODOnnell-2022-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ODOnnell-2022_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/business/local-companies/2022/05/23/led-by-exxon-mobil-23-dallas-fort-worth-companies-score-spots-on-2022s-fortune-500/">"Led by Exxon Mobil, 23 Dallas-Fort Worth companies score spots on 2022's Fortune 500"</a>. <i>The Dallas Morning News</i>. May 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved on 21 April 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021104749/https://lakewood.advocatemag.com/1998/06/01/ford-influence/">"Ford assembly plant in East Dallas"</a>. June 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lakewood.advocatemag.com/1998/06/01/ford-influence/">the original</a> on October 21, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://educationblog.dallasnews.com/2013/06/dallas-baptist-university-earns-high-marks-for-teacher-prep-program-texas-tech-criticized.html/">the original</a> on July 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2017</span> – via Educationblog.dallasnews.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dallas+Morning+News&rft.atitle=Dallas+Baptist+University+earns+high+marks+for+teacher+prep+program%2C+Texas+Tech+criticized&rft.date=2013-06-18&rft.aulast=Ayala&rft.aufirst=Eva-Marie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feducationblog.dallasnews.com%2F2013%2F06%2Fdallas-baptist-university-earns-high-marks-for-teacher-prep-program-texas-tech-criticized.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2012" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Todd W. (October 31, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430134411/http://www.dallasnews.com/lifestyles/home-and-gardening/headlines/20121031-dallas-baptist-campus-is-recognized-as-a-botanical-beauty.ece">"Dallas Baptist campus is recognized as a botanical beauty"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News" title="The Dallas Morning News">The Dallas Morning News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasnews.com/lifestyles/home-and-gardening/headlines/20121031-dallas-baptist-campus-is-recognized-as-a-botanical-beauty.ece">the original</a> on April 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dallas+Morning+News&rft.atitle=Dallas+Baptist+campus+is+recognized+as+a+botanical+beauty&rft.date=2012-10-31&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Todd+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Flifestyles%2Fhome-and-gardening%2Fheadlines%2F20121031-dallas-baptist-campus-is-recognized-as-a-botanical-beauty.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-282">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elcentrocollege.edu/about/">"About El Centro"</a>. <i>El Centro College</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Centro+College&rft.atitle=About+El+Centro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elcentrocollege.edu%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-283">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525024554/http://urbansolutionscenter.tamu.edu/">"TAMU-Dallas"</a>. Urbansolutionscenter.tamu.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urbansolutionscenter.tamu.edu/">the original</a> on May 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TAMU-Dallas&rft.pub=Urbansolutionscenter.tamu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furbansolutionscenter.tamu.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020-284"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020_284-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USCensusSDMapDallasCo2020_284-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48113_dallas/DC20SD_C48113.pdf">"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Dallas County, TX"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48113_dallas/DC20SD_C48113.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+CENSUS+-+SCHOOL+DISTRICT+REFERENCE+MAP%3A+Dallas+County%2C+TX&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fmaps%2FDC2020%2FPL20%2Fst48_tx%2Fschooldistrict_maps%2Fc48113_dallas%2FDC20SD_C48113.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48113_dallas/DC20SD_C48113_SD2MS.txt">Text list</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-insidedisd-285"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-insidedisd_285-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-insidedisd_285-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallasisd.org/">DallasISD.org</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallasisd.org/inside_disd/">Inside DISD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060510020735/http://www.dallasisd.org/inside_disd/">Archived</a> May 10, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved May 1, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hansonp82-286"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hansonp82_286-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hansonp82_286-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hanson, Royce. <i><a href="/wiki/Civic_Culture_and_Urban_Change:_Governing_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic Culture and Urban Change: Governing Dallas">Civic Culture and Urban Change: Governing Dallas</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Wayne_State_University_Press" title="Wayne State University Press">Wayne State University Press</a>, April 1, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0814337473" title="Special:BookSources/0814337473">0814337473</a>, 9780814337479. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yP7oQYjzE4MC&pg=PA82">82</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050207025142/http://www.garlandisd.net/district/contact.asp">Contact</a>". <a href="/wiki/Garland_Independent_School_District" title="Garland Independent School District">Garland Independent School District</a>. February 7, 2005. Retrieved on August 24, 2009. "There are even some homes within the city limits of Dallas that are within the boundaries of Garland ISD."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-288">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48085_collin/DC20SD_C48085.pdf">"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Collin County, TX"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+CENSUS+-+SCHOOL+DISTRICT+REFERENCE+MAP%3A+Collin+County%2C+TX&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fmaps%2FDC2020%2FPL20%2Fst48_tx%2Fschooldistrict_maps%2Fc48085_collin%2FDC20SD_C48085.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-289">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48121_denton/DC20SD_C48121.pdf">"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Denton County, TX"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+CENSUS+-+SCHOOL+DISTRICT+REFERENCE+MAP%3A+Denton+County%2C+TX&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fmaps%2FDC2020%2FPL20%2Fst48_tx%2Fschooldistrict_maps%2Fc48121_denton%2FDC20SD_C48121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LastinClass-290"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LastinClass_290-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorosec1996" class="citation news cs1">Korosec, Thomas (3 October 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasobserver.com/news/last-in-the-class-6403270">"Last in the Class"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Observer" title="Dallas Observer">Dallas Observer</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0161-7826">0161-7826</a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/sn78000457">sn78000457</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4020946">4020946</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410135452/https://www.dallasobserver.com/news/last-in-the-class-6403270">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2022</span>. <q>[...]the district is located partly in southeast Dallas[...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dallas+Observer&rft.atitle=Last+in+the+Class&rft.date=1996-10-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4020946&rft.issn=0161-7826&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2Fsn78000457&rft.aulast=Korosec&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasobserver.com%2Fnews%2Flast-in-the-class-6403270&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-291">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051125060431/http://www.tea.state.tx.us/press/wilmerhutchinsannex.html">Commissioner orders annexation of Wilmer-Hutchins to Dallas ISD, effective July 2006</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Education_Agency" title="Texas Education Agency">Texas Education Agency</a></i>. September 2, 2005. Retrieved on August 22, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dcschools.com/info/ServeYou.asp?City=Dallas">Dallas Count Schools ISD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927161605/http://www.dcschools.com/info/ServeYou.asp?City=Dallas">Archived</a> September 27, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> . Retrieved May 29, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-293">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arbitron.com/radio_stations/mm001050.asp">"Fall 2006 Market Ratings"</a>. Arbitron.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fall+2006+Market+Ratings&rft.pub=Arbitron.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arbitron.com%2Fradio_stations%2Fmm001050.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-294">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artandseek.org/calendar/organization/2284/the-magazine-dfw">"THE Magazine DFW"</a>. <i>artandseek.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=artandseek.org&rft.atitle=THE+Magazine+DFW&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartandseek.org%2Fcalendar%2Forganization%2F2284%2Fthe-magazine-dfw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-295">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.star-telegram.com/la-estrella/">"La Estrella"</a>. <i>Fort Worth Star-Telegram</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fort+Worth+Star-Telegram&rft.atitle=La+Estrella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.star-telegram.com%2Fla-estrella%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-296"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-296">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/locate?select=city&city=dallas&state=tx&x=17&y=5">"Radio stations in Dallas, Texas"</a>. Radio-locator.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radio+stations+in+Dallas%2C+Texas.&rft.pub=Radio-locator.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio-locator.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Flocate%3Fselect%3Dcity%26city%3Ddallas%26state%3Dtx%26x%3D17%26y%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-297">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130121045254/http://www.dallascityhall.com/FairParkNews/FPStory5.html">"Dallas' Fair Park Newsletter"</a>. Dallascityhall.com. 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Retrieved on May 9, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080704131443/http://www.wrr101.com/about.shtml">Archived</a> July 4, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emailwire.com/">Emailwire.com</a> – "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emailwire.com/cgi-bin/news/db.cgi?db=ads&uid=default&ID=3355&C1=Radio&view_records=1&full_view=1">Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation Announces Renan Almendarez Coello, El Cucuy De La Mañana, 'is Taking His Career to New Heights'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927095448/http://www.emailwire.com/cgi-bin/news/db.cgi?db=ads&uid=default&ID=3355&C1=Radio&view_records=1&full_view=1">Archived</a> September 27, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-300">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.business.com/">Business.com</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.business.com/directory/media_and_entertainment/radio/hispanic_broadcasting_corporation/index.asp">Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasecodev.org/465/Sister-Friendship-Cities">the original</a> on September 22, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dallasecodev.org&rft.atitle=Sister+%26+Friendship+Cities+%26%23124%3B+City+of+Dallas+Office+of+Economic+Development&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasecodev.org%2F465%2FSister-Friendship-Cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sistercities-320"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sistercities_320-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sistercities_320-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922080614/https://www.dallasecodev.org/465/Sister-Friendship-Cities">"Sister & Friendship Cities"</a>. City of Dallas Office of Economic Development. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dallasecodev.org/465/Sister-Friendship-Cities">the original</a> on September 22, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+%26+Friendship+Cities&rft.pub=City+of+Dallas+Office+of+Economic+Development&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasecodev.org%2F465%2FSister-Friendship-Cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-321">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/A-tale-of-two-cities-Will-Kolkata-learn-from-her-sister/articleshow/25916888.cms">"A tale of two cities: Will Kolkata learn from her sister?"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. November 17, 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=A+tale+of+two+cities%3A+Will+Kolkata+learn+from+her+sister%3F&rft.date=2013-11-17&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fkolkata%2FA-tale-of-two-cities-Will-Kolkata-learn-from-her-sister%2Farticleshow%2F25916888.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-322"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-322">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/dallas-mayor-proposes-suspending-ties-russian-sister-city-saratov/287-72490026-e849-44c8-8319-60fda3d52d53">"Dallas formally condemns invasion of Ukraine, suspends ties with Russian sister city Saratov"</a>. <i>WFAA</i>. March 4, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WFAA&rft.atitle=Dallas+formally+condemns+invasion+of+Ukraine%2C+suspends+ties+with+Russian+sister+city+Saratov&rft.date=2022-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfaa.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdallas-mayor-proposes-suspending-ties-russian-sister-city-saratov%2F287-72490026-e849-44c8-8319-60fda3d52d53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADallas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_E._Bolton" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert E. Bolton">Herbert E. Bolton</a>, <i>Athanase de Mezieres and the Louisiana-Texas Frontier 1768–1780</i>, Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark Company, 1914. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1290690731" title="Special:BookSources/1290690731">1290690731</a></li> <li>Patricia Evridge Hill, <i>Dallas: The Making of a Modern City</i>, Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0292731043" title="Special:BookSources/0292731043">0292731043</a></li> <li>Maxine Holmes, <i>The WPA Dallas Guide and History</i>, Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0929398319" title="Special:BookSources/0929398319">0929398319</a></li> <li>Darwin Payne, <i>Big D: Triumphs and Troubles of an American Supercity in the 20th Century</i>, Dallas: Three Forks Press, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1893451046" title="Special:BookSources/1893451046">1893451046</a></li> <li>John William Rogers, <i>The Lusty Texans of Dallas</i>, E. P. Dutton, 1951.</li> <li>Jim Schutze, <i>The Accommodation: The Politics of Race in an American City</i>, New York: Citadel Press, 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0806510463" title="Special:BookSources/0806510463">0806510463</a></li> <li>Nancy Smith, <i>Dallas International with J.R. Ewing: History of Real Dallasites in the Spotlight of "Dallas", Southfork and the 1980s Gold Rush</i>, Outskirts Press, 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1432756990" title="Special:BookSources/1432756990">1432756990</a></li> <li>Nancy Smith, <i>Dallas Celebrity in the Glamorous 1980s Era of Ronald and Nancy Reagan</i>, Denver: Outskirts, 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/147876242X" title="Special:BookSources/147876242X">147876242X</a></li> <li>Roy H. Williams and Kevin James Shay, <i>And Justice for All! The Untold History of Dallas</i>, Fort Worth: CGS, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0965050572" title="Special:BookSources/0965050572">0965050572</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Dallas</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dallas" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Dallas">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="extiw" title="c:Dallas, Texas">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Dallas,_Texas" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Dallas, Texas">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dallas" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Dallas">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dallas" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Dallas">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dallas" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Dallas">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dallas" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Dallas">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dallas" class="extiw" title="voy:Dallas">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallascityhall.com/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdd01">Dallas</a> from the <i><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Handbook of Texas">Handbook of Texas</a> Online</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/partners/DAPL/browse/?fq=str_location_county:Dallas+County,+TX">Dallas Public Library Search Results for Dallas County</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Dallas_(Metroplex)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dallas" title="Template:Dallas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Dallas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_City_of_Dallas_(Metroplex)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Dallas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Dallas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> City of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Metroplex</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Dallas" title="List of people from Dallas">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Dallas" title="Culture of Dallas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Dallas" title="Climate of Dallas">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Dallas" title="Education in Dallas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dallas_Landmarks" title="List of Dallas Landmarks">Landmarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_in_Dallas" title="List of neighborhoods in Dallas">Neighborhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Trade_District,_Dallas" title="Asian Trade District, Dallas">Asian Trade District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Arts_District,_Dallas" title="Bishop Arts District, Dallas">Bishop Arts District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Linda_Estates,_Dallas" title="Casa Linda Estates, Dallas">Casa Linda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedars,_Dallas" title="Cedars, Dallas">Cedars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Ellum,_Dallas" title="Deep Ellum, Dallas">Deep Ellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Design_District,_Dallas" title="Design District, Dallas">Design District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Dallas" title="Downtown Dallas">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Park,_Dallas" title="Exposition Park, Dallas">Exposition Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Park" title="Fair Park">Fair Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kessler,_Dallas" title="Kessler, Dallas">Kessler Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_Park,_Dallas" title="Knox Park, Dallas">Knox-Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Highlands" title="Lake Highlands">Lake Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Dallas" title="Lakewood, Dallas">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Greenville,_Dallas" title="Lower Greenville, Dallas">Lower Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Hills,_Dallas" title="Greenland Hills, Dallas">"M" Streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff" title="Oak Cliff">Oak Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Dallas" title="Oak Lawn, Dallas">Oak Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Cities,_Texas" title="Park Cities, Texas">Park Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Hollow,_Dallas" title="Preston Hollow, Dallas">Preston Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Medical_District" title="Southwestern Medical District">Southwestern Medical District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Groves,_Dallas" title="Trinity Groves, Dallas">Trinity Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Creek,_Dallas" title="Turtle Creek, Dallas">Turtle Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uptown,_Dallas" title="Uptown, Dallas">Uptown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dallas" title="Victory Park, Dallas">Victory Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_Historic_District_(Dallas)" title="West End Historic District (Dallas)">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Dallas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Dallas"><img alt="Seal of Dallas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/80px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/120px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_Dallas.svg/160px-Seal_of_Dallas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="199" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Dallas" title="Government of Dallas">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Dallas" title="Mayor of Dallas">Mayor</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Dallas, Texas">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_City_Council" title="Dallas City Council">City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Police_Department" title="Dallas Police Department">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Fire-Rescue_Department" title="Dallas Fire-Rescue Department">Fire-Rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Parks_and_Recreation_Department" title="Dallas Parks and Recreation Department">Dallas Parks and Recreation Department</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas" title="History of Dallas">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(through_1838)" title="History of Dallas (through 1838)">Pre-1838</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1839%E2%80%931855)" title="History of Dallas (1839–1855)">1839–1855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1856%E2%80%931873)" title="History of Dallas (1856–1873)">1856–1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1874%E2%80%931929)" title="History of Dallas (1874–1929)">1874–1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1930%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Dallas (1930–1945)">1930–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1946%E2%80%931974)" title="History of Dallas (1946–1974)">1946–1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas_(1975%E2%80%931985)" title="History of Dallas (1975–1985)">1975–1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas#Recession_(1986–1995)" title="History of Dallas">1986–1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dallas#Current_period_(1996–present)" title="History of Dallas">1996–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Dallas" title="Transportation in Dallas">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DFW_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="DFW Airport">DFW Airport</a> (main hub of <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Love_Field" title="Dallas Love Field">Love Field</a> (main hub of <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dallas_freeways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dallas freeways">Freeways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Dallas Area Rapid Transit">DART</a> (rapid transit)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DART_light_rail" title="DART light rail">DART light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Streetcar" title="Dallas Streetcar">Streetcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney_Avenue_Transit_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="McKinney Avenue Transit Authority">M-Line Trolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas_Tollway_Authority" title="North Texas Tollway Authority">North Texas Tollway Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Railway_Express" title="Trinity Railway Express">Trinity Railway Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Dallas" title="Sports in Dallas">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Mavericks" title="Dallas Mavericks">Dallas Mavericks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Stars" title="Dallas Stars">Dallas Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Trinity_FC" title="Dallas Trinity FC">Dallas Trinity FC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Dallas" title="FC Dallas">FC Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_Renegades" title="Arlington Renegades">Arlington Renegades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Rangers_(baseball)" title="Texas Rangers (baseball)">Texas Rangers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Wings" title="Dallas Wings">Dallas Wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Jackals" title="Dallas Jackals">Dallas Jackals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dallas" title="Category:Dallas">All Dallas articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">State of Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Dallas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Dallas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Dallas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch,_Texas" title="Farmers Branch, Texas">Farmers Branch</a> & <a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Addison,_Texas" title="Addison, Texas">Addison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prairie,_Texas" title="Grand Prairie, Texas">Grand Prairie</a> & <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Dallas</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Mesquite,_Texas" title="Mesquite, Texas">Mesquite</a> & <a href="/wiki/Balch_Springs,_Texas" title="Balch Springs, Texas">Balch Springs</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Duncanville,_Texas" title="Duncanville, Texas">Duncanville</a> & <a href="/wiki/Cedar_Hill,_Texas" title="Cedar Hill, Texas">Cedar Hill</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Texas" title="Lancaster, Texas">Lancaster</a> & <a href="/wiki/DeSoto,_Texas" title="DeSoto, Texas">DeSoto</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seagoville,_Texas" title="Seagoville, Texas">Seagoville</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hutchins,_Texas" title="Hutchins, Texas">Hutchins</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_relating_to_Dallas_and_Dallas_County" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_relating_to_Dallas_and_Dallas_County" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles relating to Dallas and <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas County</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Collin_County,_Texas,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Collin_County,_Texas" title="Template:Collin County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Collin_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Collin County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Collin_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Collin County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Collin_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Collin_County,_Texas" title="Collin County, Texas"><span class="region">Collin County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas"><span>McKinney</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen,_Texas" title="Allen, Texas">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna,_Texas" title="Anna, Texas">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge,_Texas" title="Blue Ridge, Texas">Blue Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Texas" title="Celina, Texas">Celina</a>‡</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmersville,_Texas" title="Farmersville, Texas">Farmersville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisco,_Texas" title="Frisco, Texas">Frisco</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine,_Texas" title="Josephine, Texas">Josephine</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavon,_Texas" title="Lavon, Texas">Lavon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowry_Crossing,_Texas" title="Lowry Crossing, Texas">Lowry Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas,_Texas" title="Lucas, Texas">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa,_Texas" title="Melissa, Texas">Melissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy,_Texas" title="Murphy, Texas">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada,_Texas" title="Nevada, Texas">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker,_Texas" title="Parker, Texas">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton,_Texas" title="Princeton, Texas">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royse_City,_Texas" title="Royse City, Texas">Royse City</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachse,_Texas" title="Sachse, Texas">Sachse</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Alstyne,_Texas" title="Van Alstyne, Texas">Van Alstyne</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston,_Texas" title="Weston, Texas">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wylie,_Texas" title="Wylie, Texas">Wylie</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Collin County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Collin_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Collin County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairview,_Texas" title="Fairview, Texas">Fairview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebron,_Texas" title="Hebron, Texas">Hebron</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope,_Texas" title="New Hope, Texas">New Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper,_Texas" title="Prosper, Texas">Prosper</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul,_Collin_County,_Texas" title="St. Paul, Collin County, Texas">St. Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seis_Lagos,_Texas" title="Seis Lagos, Texas">Seis Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster,_Texas" title="Westminster, Texas">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altoga,_Texas" title="Altoga, Texas">Altoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold,_Texas" title="Arnold, Texas">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hill,_Texas" title="Beverly Hill, Texas">Beverly Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomdale,_Texas" title="Bloomdale, Texas">Bloomdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branch,_Texas" title="Branch, Texas">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambersville,_Texas" title="Chambersville, Texas">Chambersville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambliss,_Texas" title="Chambliss, Texas">Chambliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Lake,_Texas" title="Clear Lake, Texas">Clear Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax,_Texas" title="Climax, Texas">Climax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collin,_Texas" title="Collin, Texas">Collin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copeville,_Texas" title="Copeville, Texas">Copeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowley,_Texas" title="Cowley, Texas">Cowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culleoka,_Texas" title="Culleoka, Texas">Culleoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert,_Texas" title="Desert, Texas">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayburg,_Texas" title="Fayburg, Texas">Fayburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Grove,_Texas" title="Forest Grove, Texas">Forest Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frognot,_Texas" title="Frognot, Texas">Frognot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly,_Texas" title="Kelly, Texas">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Ridge,_Texas" title="Little Ridge, Texas">Little Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milligan,_Texas" title="Milligan, Texas">Milligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millwood,_Texas" title="Millwood, Texas">Millwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mesquite,_Texas" title="New Mesquite, Texas">New Mesquite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike,_Texas" title="Pike, Texas">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_Mills,_Texas" title="Rhea Mills, Texas">Rhea Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockhill,_Texas" title="Rockhill, Texas">Rockhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedalia,_Texas" title="Sedalia, Texas">Sedalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Hill,_Texas" title="Snow Hill, Texas">Snow Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Park,_Texas" title="Trinity Park, Texas">Trinity Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdasta,_Texas" title="Valdasta, Texas">Valdasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Grove,_Collin_County,_Texas" title="Walnut Grove, Collin County, Texas">Walnut Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winningkoff,_Texas" title="Winningkoff, Texas">Winningkoff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Historical<br />communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckner,_Texas" title="Buckner, Texas">Buckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Texas" title="Lebanon, Texas">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolaville,_Texas" title="Lolaville, Texas">Lolaville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renner,_Dallas" title="Renner, Dallas">Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepton,_Plano,_Texas" title="Shepton, Plano, Texas">Shepton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetsel,_Texas" title="Wetsel, Texas">Wetsel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biggers,_Texas" title="Biggers, Texas">Biggers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilee,_Texas" title="Marilee, Texas">Marilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickelville,_Texas" title="Nickelville, Texas">Nickelville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parris,_Texas" title="Parris, Texas">Parris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland,_Texas" title="Roland, Texas">Roland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verona,_Texas" title="Verona, Texas">Verona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Dallas_County,_Texas,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Template:Dallas County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Dallas County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Dallas_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas"><span class="region">Dallas County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span>Dallas‡</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balch_Springs,_Texas" title="Balch Springs, Texas">Balch Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_Hill,_Texas" title="Cedar Hill, Texas">Cedar Hill</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockrell_Hill,_Texas" title="Cockrell Hill, Texas">Cockrell Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combine,_Texas" title="Combine, Texas">Combine</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppell,_Texas" title="Coppell, Texas">Coppell</a>‡</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeSoto,_Texas" title="DeSoto, Texas">DeSoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncanville,_Texas" title="Duncanville, Texas">Duncanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch,_Texas" title="Farmers Branch, Texas">Farmers Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferris,_Texas" title="Ferris, Texas">Ferris</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Heights,_Texas" title="Glenn Heights, Texas">Glenn Heights</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prairie,_Texas" title="Grand Prairie, Texas">Grand Prairie</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapevine,_Texas" title="Grapevine, Texas">Grapevine</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchins,_Texas" title="Hutchins, Texas">Hutchins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Texas" title="Lancaster, Texas">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisville,_Texas" title="Lewisville, Texas">Lewisville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesquite,_Texas" title="Mesquite, Texas">Mesquite</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovilla,_Texas" title="Ovilla, Texas">Ovilla</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlett,_Texas" title="Rowlett, Texas">Rowlett</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachse,_Texas" title="Sachse, Texas">Sachse</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagoville,_Texas" title="Seagoville, Texas">Seagoville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmer,_Texas" title="Wilmer, Texas">Wilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wylie,_Texas" title="Wylie, Texas">Wylie</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dallas County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Dallas_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Dallas County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addison,_Texas" title="Addison, Texas">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_Texas" title="Highland Park, Texas">Highland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_Texas" title="Sunnyvale, Texas">Sunnyvale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bear_Creek_Ranch,_Texas" title="Bear Creek Ranch, Texas">Bear Creek Ranch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />community</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Branch,_Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Sand Branch, Dallas County, Texas">Sand Branch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Historical<br />communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha,_Texas" title="Alpha, Texas">Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckingham,_Richardson,_Texas" title="Buckingham, Richardson, Texas">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duck_Creek,_Garland,_Texas" title="Duck Creek, Garland, Texas">Duck Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Dallas" title="East Dallas">East Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embree,_Garland,_Texas" title="Embree, Garland, Texas">Embree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruitdale,_Dallas" title="Fruitdale, Dallas">Fruitdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatterville,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatterville, Texas">Hatterville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hord%27s_Ridge,_Texas" title="Hord's Ridge, Texas">Hord's Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleberg,_Dallas" title="Kleberg, Dallas">Kleberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Reunion_(Dallas)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Reunion (Dallas)">La Reunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Grove,_Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Liberty Grove, Dallas County, Texas">Liberty Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Creek,_Sunnyvale,_Texas" title="Long Creek, Sunnyvale, Texas">Long Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope,_Sunnyvale,_Texas" title="New Hope, Sunnyvale, Texas">New Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Cliff,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak Cliff, Texas">Oak Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Grove,_Dallas" title="Pleasant Grove, Dallas">Pleasant Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_Hollow,_Dallas" title="Preston Hollow, Dallas">Preston Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renner,_Dallas" title="Renner, Dallas">Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rylie,_Dallas" title="Rylie, Dallas">Rylie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scyene,_Dallas" title="Scyene, Dallas">Scyene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Mills,_Texas" title="Trinity Mills, Texas">Trinity Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripp,_Sunnyvale,_Texas" title="Tripp, Sunnyvale, Texas">Tripp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Denton_County,_Texas,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Denton_County,_Texas" title="Template:Denton County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Denton_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Denton County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Denton_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Denton County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Denton_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Denton_County,_Texas" title="Denton County, Texas"><span class="region">Denton County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas"><span>Denton</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argyle,_Texas" title="Argyle, Texas">Argyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubrey,_Texas" title="Aubrey, Texas">Aubrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Texas" title="Celina, Texas">Celina</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppell,_Texas" title="Coppell, Texas">Coppell</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinth,_Texas" title="Corinth, Texas">Corinth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisco,_Texas" title="Frisco, Texas">Frisco</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapevine,_Texas" title="Grapevine, Texas">Grapevine</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haslet,_Texas" title="Haslet, Texas">Haslet</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Village,_Texas" title="Highland Village, Texas">Highland Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin,_Texas" title="Justin, Texas">Justin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krugerville,_Texas" title="Krugerville, Texas">Krugerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krum,_Texas" title="Krum, Texas">Krum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Dallas,_Texas" title="Lake Dallas, Texas">Lake Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood_Village,_Texas" title="Lakewood Village, Texas">Lakewood Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisville,_Texas" title="Lewisville, Texas">Lewisville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Elm,_Texas" title="Little Elm, Texas">Little Elm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Point,_Texas" title="Oak Point, Texas">Oak Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilot_Point,_Texas" title="Pilot Point, Texas">Pilot Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roanoke,_Texas" title="Roanoke, Texas">Roanoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanger,_Texas" title="Sanger, Texas">Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southlake,_Texas" title="Southlake, Texas">Southlake</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Colony,_Texas" title="The Colony, Texas">The Colony</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Denton County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Denton_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Denton County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartonville,_Texas" title="Bartonville, Texas">Bartonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Canyon,_Texas" title="Copper Canyon, Texas">Copper Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Roads,_Texas" title="Cross Roads, Texas">Cross Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish,_Texas" title="Dish, Texas">DISH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Oak,_Texas" title="Double Oak, Texas">Double Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper,_Texas" title="Draper, Texas">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_Mound,_Texas" title="Flower Mound, Texas">Flower Mound</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackberry,_Texas" title="Hackberry, Texas">Hackberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebron,_Texas" title="Hebron, Texas">Hebron</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory_Creek,_Texas" title="Hickory Creek, Texas">Hickory Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northlake,_Texas" title="Northlake, Texas">Northlake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponder,_Texas" title="Ponder, Texas">Ponder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper,_Texas" title="Prosper, Texas">Prosper</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_Village,_Texas" title="Providence Village, Texas">Providence Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shady_Shores,_Texas" title="Shady Shores, Texas">Shady Shores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophy_Club,_Texas" title="Trophy Club, Texas">Trophy Club</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westlake,_Texas" title="Westlake, Texas">Westlake</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lantana,_Texas" title="Lantana, Texas">Lantana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paloma_Creek,_Texas" title="Paloma Creek, Texas">Paloma Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paloma_Creek_South,_Texas" title="Paloma Creek South, Texas">Paloma Creek South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Texas" title="Savannah, Texas">Savannah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />unincorporated<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance,_Texas" title="Alliance, Texas">Alliance</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivar,_Texas" title="Bolivar, Texas">Bolivar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park,_Texas" title="Lincoln Park, Texas">Lincoln Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navo,_Texas" title="Navo, Texas">Navo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alton,_Texas_(ghost_town)" title="Alton, Texas (ghost town)">Alton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camey_Spur,_Texas" title="Camey Spur, Texas">Camey Spur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cooper_Creek,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cooper Creek, Texas (page does not exist)">Cooper Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop,_Texas" title="Drop, Texas">Drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Texas" title="Elizabethtown, Texas">Elizabethtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Valley,_Texas" title="Green Valley, Texas">Green Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Creek,_Texas" title="Marshall Creek, Texas">Marshall Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayhill,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayhill, Texas (page does not exist)">Mayhill</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mingo,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mingo, Texas (page does not exist)">Mingo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustang,_Denton_County,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustang, Denton County, Texas (page does not exist)">Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parvin,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parvin, Texas (page does not exist)">Parvin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plainview,_Denton_County,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plainview, Denton County, Texas (page does not exist)">Plainview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony,_Texas" title="Stony, Texas">Stony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Kaufman_County,_Texas,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Template:Kaufman County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Kaufman County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kaufman County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Kaufman_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Kaufman County, Texas"><span class="region">Kaufman County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Kaufman,_Texas" title="Kaufman, Texas"><span>Kaufman</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Texas)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combine,_Texas" title="Combine, Texas">Combine</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottonwood,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Cottonwood, Kaufman County, Texas">Cottonwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crandall,_Texas" title="Crandall, Texas">Crandall</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forney,_Texas" title="Forney, Texas">Forney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufman,_Texas" title="Kaufman, Texas">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemp,_Texas" title="Kemp, Texas">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesquite,_Texas" title="Mesquite, Texas">Mesquite</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagoville,_Texas" title="Seagoville, Texas">Seagoville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Points,_Texas" title="Seven Points, Texas">Seven Points</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talty,_Texas" title="Talty, Texas">Talty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell,_Texas" title="Terrell, Texas">Terrell</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kaufman County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Kaufman_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Kaufman County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mabank,_Texas" title="Mabank, Texas">Mabank</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Grove,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Oak Grove, Kaufman County, Texas">Oak Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Oak Ridge, Kaufman County, Texas">Oak Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry,_Texas" title="Poetry, Texas">Poetry</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Oak_Bend,_Texas" title="Post Oak Bend, Texas">Post Oak Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scurry,_Texas" title="Scurry, Texas">Scurry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Village_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Village (Texas)">Villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grays_Prairie,_Texas" title="Grays Prairie, Texas">Grays Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosser,_Texas" title="Rosser, Texas">Rosser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elmo,_Texas" title="Elmo, Texas">Elmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland,_Texas" title="Heartland, Texas">Heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Ranch,_Texas" title="Travis Ranch, Texas">Travis Ranch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ables_Springs,_Texas" title="Ables Springs, Texas">Ables Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner,_Texas" title="Abner, Texas">Abner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobb,_Texas" title="Cobb, Texas">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Mound,_Texas" title="College Mound, Texas">College Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colquitt,_Texas" title="Colquitt, Texas">Colquitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastonia,_Texas" title="Gastonia, Texas">Gastonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram,_Texas" title="Hiram, Texas">Hiram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Texas" title="Lawrence, Texas">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markout,_Texas" title="Markout, Texas">Markout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="McCoy, Kaufman County, Texas">McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ola,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Ola, Kaufman County, Texas">Ola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairieville,_Texas" title="Prairieville, Texas">Prairieville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx,_Texas" title="Styx, Texas">Styx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolosa,_Texas" title="Tolosa, Texas">Tolosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Valley,_Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Union Valley, Kaufman County, Texas">Union Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw,_Texas" title="Warsaw, Texas">Warsaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_Grove,_Texas" title="Cedar Grove, Texas">Cedar Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedarvale,_Texas" title="Cedarvale, Texas">Cedarvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiba,_Texas" title="Jiba, Texas">Jiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peeltown,_Texas" title="Peeltown, Texas">Peeltown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stubbs,_Texas" title="Stubbs, Texas">Stubbs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Rockwall_County,_Texas,_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Template:Rockwall County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Rockwall County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rockwall County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Rockwall_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Rockwall County, Texas"><span class="region">Rockwall County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas"><span>Rockwall</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackland,_Texas" title="Blackland, Texas">Blackland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fate,_Texas" title="Fate, Texas">Fate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath,_Texas" title="Heath, Texas">Heath</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLendon-Chisholm,_Texas" title="McLendon-Chisholm, Texas">McLendon-Chisholm</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_City,_Texas" title="Mobile City, Texas">Mobile City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlett,_Texas" title="Rowlett, Texas">Rowlett</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royse_City,_Texas" title="Royse City, Texas">Royse City</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wylie,_Texas" title="Wylie, Texas">Wylie</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rockwall County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Rockwall_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Rockwall County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dallas–Fort_Worth_metroplex" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Template:Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Template talk:Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dallas–Fort_Worth_metroplex" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Dallas-Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Dallas-Fort Worth">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Dallas-Fort_Worth_Metroplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Geology of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Dallas-Fort_Worth_metroplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianity in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Islam in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Dallas" title="History of the Jews in Dallas">Judaism and Jewish history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="History of African Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">African American history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Chinese Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Chinese American history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="Indian Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Indian American history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mexican_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="History of Mexican Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Mexican American history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nigerian_Americans_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" title="History of Nigerian Americans in Dallas–Fort Worth">Nigerian American history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Dallas–Fort Worth">LGBT culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collin_County,_Texas" title="Collin County, Texas">Collin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Texas" title="Dallas County, Texas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton_County,_Texas" title="Denton County, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_County,_Texas" title="Ellis County, Texas">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_County,_Texas" title="Hood County, Texas">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_County,_Texas" title="Hunt County, Texas">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Texas" title="Johnson County, Texas">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufman_County,_Texas" title="Kaufman County, Texas">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_County,_Texas" title="Parker County, Texas">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall_County,_Texas" title="Rockwall County, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somervell_County,_Texas" title="Somervell County, Texas">Somervell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarrant_County,_Texas" title="Tarrant County, Texas">Tarrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wise_County,_Texas" title="Wise County, Texas">Wise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns<br />100k–300k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen,_Texas" title="Allen, Texas">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrollton,_Texas" title="Carrollton, Texas">Carrollton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisco,_Texas" title="Frisco, Texas">Frisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prairie,_Texas" title="Grand Prairie, Texas">Grand Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisville,_Texas" title="Lewisville, Texas">Lewisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesquite,_Texas" title="Mesquite, Texas">Mesquite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson,_Texas" title="Richardson, Texas">Richardson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns<br />25k–99k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balch_Springs,_Texas" title="Balch Springs, Texas">Balch Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Texas" title="Bedford, Texas">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burleson,_Texas" title="Burleson, Texas">Burleson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_Hill,_Texas" title="Cedar Hill, Texas">Cedar Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleburne,_Texas" title="Cleburne, Texas">Cleburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleyville,_Texas" title="Colleyville, Texas">Colleyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Colony,_Texas" title="The Colony, Texas">The Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppell,_Texas" title="Coppell, Texas">Coppell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeSoto,_Texas" title="DeSoto, Texas">DeSoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncanville,_Texas" title="Duncanville, Texas">Duncanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euless,_Texas" title="Euless, Texas">Euless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers_Branch,_Texas" title="Farmers Branch, Texas">Farmers Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_Mound,_Texas" title="Flower Mound, Texas">Flower Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapevine,_Texas" title="Grapevine, Texas">Grapevine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_Texas" title="Greenville, Texas">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haltom_City,_Texas" title="Haltom City, Texas">Haltom City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurst,_Texas" title="Hurst, Texas">Hurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keller,_Texas" title="Keller, Texas">Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Texas" title="Lancaster, Texas">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Elm,_Texas" title="Little Elm, Texas">Little Elm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield,_Texas" title="Mansfield, Texas">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlothian,_Texas" title="Midlothian, Texas">Midlothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Richland_Hills,_Texas" title="North Richland Hills, Texas">North Richland Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper,_Texas" title="Prosper, Texas">Prosper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlett,_Texas" title="Rowlett, Texas">Rowlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachse,_Texas" title="Sachse, Texas">Sachse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southlake,_Texas" title="Southlake, Texas">Southlake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Park,_Texas" title="University Park, Texas">University Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxahachie,_Texas" title="Waxahachie, Texas">Waxahachie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford,_Texas" title="Weatherford, Texas">Weatherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wylie,_Texas" title="Wylie, Texas">Wylie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns<br />10k–25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addison,_Texas" title="Addison, Texas">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna,_Texas" title="Anna, Texas">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azle,_Texas" title="Azle, Texas">Azle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benbrook,_Texas" title="Benbrook, Texas">Benbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Texas" title="Celina, Texas">Celina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinth,_Texas" title="Corinth, Texas">Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowley,_Texas" title="Crowley, Texas">Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennis,_Texas" title="Ennis, Texas">Ennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairview,_Texas" title="Fairview, Texas">Fairview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fate,_Texas" title="Fate, Texas">Fate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_Texas" title="Forest Hill, Texas">Forest Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forney,_Texas" title="Forney, Texas">Forney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Heights,_Texas" title="Glenn Heights, Texas">Glenn Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granbury,_Texas" title="Granbury, Texas">Granbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Village,_Texas" title="Highland Village, Texas">Highland Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa,_Texas" title="Melissa, Texas">Melissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy,_Texas" title="Murphy, Texas">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton,_Texas" title="Princeton, Texas">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Oak,_Texas" title="Red Oak, Texas">Red Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendon,_Texas" title="Rendon, Texas">Rendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royse_City,_Texas" title="Royse City, Texas">Royse City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Texas" title="Saginaw, Texas">Saginaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagoville,_Texas" title="Seagoville, Texas">Seagoville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell,_Texas" title="Terrell, Texas">Terrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophy_Club,_Texas" title="Trophy Club, Texas">Trophy Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watauga,_Texas" title="Watauga, Texas">Watauga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Settlement,_Texas" title="White Settlement, Texas">White Settlement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Texas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas" title="Template:Texas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas" title="Template talk:Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Texas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Texas-related_articles" title="Index of Texas-related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Texas" title="Outline of Texas">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Texas" title="Architecture of Texas">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Texas" title="Climate of Texas">Climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Texas" title="Climate change in Texas">Climate change</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Texas" title="Geography of Texas">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Texas" title="Government of Texas">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Texas" title="Healthcare in Texas">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas" title="History of Texas">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Texas" title="Languages of Texas">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Texas" title="Law of Texas">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_literature" title="Texas literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Texas" title="Category:Mass media in Texas">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Texas" title="List of newspapers in Texas">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Texas" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Texas" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas">National Register of Historic Places Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Recorded_Texas_Historic_Landmarks" title="List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks">Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Texas" title="Sports in Texas">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_symbols" title="List of Texas state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Texas" title="List of people from Texas">Texans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Texas" title="Time in Texas">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Texas" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Texas">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Texas" title="Transportation in Texas">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Texas" title="Abortion in Texas">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Texas" title="Culture of Texas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Texas" title="Crime in Texas">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas" title="Demographics of Texas">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Texas" title="Economy of Texas">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Texas" title="Education in Texas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Texas" title="Gambling in Texas">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Texas" title="Gun laws in Texas">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Texas">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Texas" title="Politics of Texas">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Texas" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark‑La‑Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bend_(Texas)" title="Big Bend (Texas)">Big Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boca_Chica_(Texas)" title="Boca Chica (Texas)">Boca Chica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Blackland_Prairies" title="Texas Blackland Prairies">Blackland Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazos_Valley" title="Brazos Valley">Brazos Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Texas" title="Central Texas">Central Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Coastal_Bend" title="Texas Coastal Bend">Coastal Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concho_Valley" title="Concho Valley">Concho Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Plateau" title="Edwards Plateau">Edwards Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Triangle_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Triangle (Texas)">Golden Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Hill_Country" title="Texas Hill Country">Hill Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano_Estacado" title="Llano Estacado">Llano Estacado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Texas" title="Northeast Texas">Northeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_panhandle" title="Texas panhandle">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Rio Grande Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Texas" title="Southeast Texas">Southeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Plains" title="South Plains">South Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texoma" title="Texoma">Texoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Pecos" title="Trans-Pecos">Trans-Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">Metropolitan<br />areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>–<a href="/wiki/Round_Rock,_Texas" title="Round Rock, Texas">Round Rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin" title="Greater Austin">Greater Austin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a>–<a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Harlingen,_Texas" title="Harlingen, Texas">Harlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">College Station</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a>–<a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>–<a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">DFW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>–<a href="/wiki/The_Woodlands,_Texas" title="The Woodlands, Texas">The Woodlands</a>–<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Greater Houston</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeen,_Texas" title="Killeen, Texas">Killeen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Temple,_Texas" title="Temple, Texas">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McAllen,_Texas" title="McAllen, Texas">McAllen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mission,_Texas" title="Mission, Texas">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a>–<a href="/wiki/Denison,_Texas" title="Denison, Texas">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Texas" title="Texarkana, Texas">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Creek_(Texas)" title="Wagner Creek (Texas)">Wagner Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">List of counties in Texas</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Texas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas_county_seats" title="Template talk:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Texas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_Texas" title="Albany, Texas">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice,_Texas" title="Alice, Texas">Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine,_Texas" title="Alpine, Texas">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anahuac,_Texas" title="Anahuac, Texas">Anahuac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson,_Texas" title="Anderson, Texas">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrews,_Texas" title="Andrews, Texas">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angleton,_Texas" title="Angleton, Texas">Angleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas">Anson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_City,_Texas" title="Archer City, Texas">Archer City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspermont,_Texas" title="Aspermont, Texas">Aspermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens,_Texas" title="Athens, Texas">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baird,_Texas" title="Baird, Texas">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballinger,_Texas" title="Ballinger, Texas">Ballinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandera,_Texas" title="Bandera, Texas">Bandera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastrop,_Texas" title="Bastrop, Texas">Bastrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeville,_Texas" title="Beeville, Texas">Beeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville,_Texas" title="Bellville, Texas">Bellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belton,_Texas" title="Belton, Texas">Belton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin,_Texas" title="Benjamin, Texas">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Lake,_Texas" title="Big Lake, Texas">Big Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Spring,_Texas" title="Big Spring, Texas">Big Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boerne,_Texas" title="Boerne, Texas">Boerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonham,_Texas" title="Bonham, Texas">Bonham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Texas" title="Boston, Texas">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brackettville,_Texas" title="Brackettville, Texas">Brackettville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brady,_Texas" title="Brady, Texas">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breckenridge,_Texas" title="Breckenridge, Texas">Breckenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenham,_Texas" title="Brenham, Texas">Brenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownfield,_Texas" title="Brownfield, Texas">Brownfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownwood,_Texas" title="Brownwood, Texas">Brownwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnet,_Texas" title="Burnet, Texas">Burnet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">C</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell,_Texas" title="Caldwell, Texas">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron,_Texas" title="Cameron, Texas">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian,_Texas" title="Canadian, Texas">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Texas" title="Canton, Texas">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyon,_Texas" title="Canyon, Texas">Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrizo_Springs,_Texas" title="Carrizo Springs, Texas">Carrizo Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage,_Texas" title="Carthage, Texas">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center,_Texas" title="Center, Texas">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerville,_Texas" title="Centerville, Texas">Centerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing,_Texas" title="Channing, Texas">Channing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childress,_Texas" title="Childress, Texas">Childress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarendon,_Texas" title="Clarendon, Texas">Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Texas" title="Clarksville, Texas">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude,_Texas" title="Claude, Texas">Claude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleburne,_Texas" title="Cleburne, Texas">Cleburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldspring,_Texas" title="Coldspring, Texas">Coldspring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleman,_Texas" title="Coleman, Texas">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_City,_Texas" title="Colorado City, Texas">Colorado City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Texas" title="Columbus, Texas">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche,_Texas" title="Comanche, Texas">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conroe,_Texas" title="Conroe, Texas">Conroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper,_Texas" title="Cooper, Texas">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsicana,_Texas" title="Corsicana, Texas">Corsicana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotulla,_Texas" title="Cotulla, Texas">Cotulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane,_Texas" title="Crane, Texas">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockett,_Texas" title="Crockett, Texas">Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosbyton,_Texas" title="Crosbyton, Texas">Crosbyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowell,_Texas" title="Crowell, Texas">Crowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas">Crystal City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuero,_Texas" title="Cuero, Texas">Cuero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">D</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daingerfield,_Texas" title="Daingerfield, Texas">Daingerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhart,_Texas" title="Dalhart, Texas">Dalhart</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur,_Texas" title="Decatur, Texas">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Rio,_Texas" title="Del Rio, Texas">Del Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens,_Texas" title="Dickens, Texas">Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimmitt,_Texas" title="Dimmitt, Texas">Dimmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumas,_Texas" title="Dumas, Texas">Dumas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Pass,_Texas" title="Eagle Pass, Texas">Eagle Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastland,_Texas" title="Eastland, Texas">Eastland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna,_Texas" title="Edna, Texas">Edna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado,_Texas" title="Eldorado, Texas">Eldorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory,_Texas" title="Emory, Texas">Emory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Texas" title="Fairfield, Texas">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falfurrias,_Texas" title="Falfurrias, Texas">Falfurrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farwell,_Texas" title="Farwell, Texas">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floresville,_Texas" title="Floresville, Texas">Floresville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floydada,_Texas" title="Floydada, Texas">Floydada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Davis,_Texas" title="Fort Davis, Texas">Fort Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Stockton,_Texas" title="Fort Stockton, Texas">Fort Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Texas" title="Franklin, Texas">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredericksburg,_Texas" title="Fredericksburg, Texas">Fredericksburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gail,_Texas" title="Gail, Texas">Gail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainesville,_Texas" title="Gainesville, Texas">Gainesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_City,_Texas" title="Garden City, Texas">Garden City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatesville,_Texas" title="Gatesville, Texas">Gatesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_West,_Texas" title="George West, Texas">George West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Texas" title="Georgetown, Texas">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddings,_Texas" title="Giddings, Texas">Giddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmer,_Texas" title="Gilmer, Texas">Gilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Rose,_Texas" title="Glen Rose, Texas">Glen Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldthwaite,_Texas" title="Goldthwaite, Texas">Goldthwaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliad,_Texas" title="Goliad, Texas">Goliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzales,_Texas" title="Gonzales, Texas">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham,_Texas" title="Graham, Texas">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granbury,_Texas" title="Granbury, Texas">Granbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_Texas" title="Greenville, Texas">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groesbeck,_Texas" title="Groesbeck, Texas">Groesbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groveton,_Texas" title="Groveton, Texas">Groveton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guthrie,_Texas" title="Guthrie, Texas">Guthrie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallettsville,_Texas" title="Hallettsville, Texas">Hallettsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Texas" title="Hamilton, Texas">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell,_Texas" title="Haskell, Texas">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbronville,_Texas" title="Hebbronville, Texas">Hebbronville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemphill,_Texas" title="Hemphill, Texas">Hemphill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hempstead,_Texas" title="Hempstead, Texas">Hempstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Texas" title="Henderson, Texas">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta,_Texas" title="Henrietta, Texas">Henrietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereford,_Texas" title="Hereford, Texas">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro,_Texas" title="Hillsboro, Texas">Hillsboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hondo,_Texas" title="Hondo, Texas">Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Texas" title="Huntsville, Texas">Huntsville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">J</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacksboro,_Texas" title="Jacksboro, Texas">Jacksboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper,_Texas" title="Jasper, Texas">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayton,_Texas" title="Jayton, Texas">Jayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Texas" title="Jefferson, Texas">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Texas" title="Johnson City, Texas">Johnson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jourdanton,_Texas" title="Jourdanton, Texas">Jourdanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junction,_Texas" title="Junction, Texas">Junction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnes_City,_Texas" title="Karnes City, Texas">Karnes City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufman,_Texas" title="Kaufman, Texas">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermit,_Texas" title="Kermit, Texas">Kermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerrville,_Texas" title="Kerrville, Texas">Kerrville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Texas" title="Kingsville, Texas">Kingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kountze,_Texas" title="Kountze, Texas">Kountze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Grange,_Texas" title="La Grange, Texas">La Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamesa,_Texas" title="Lamesa, Texas">Lamesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampasas,_Texas" title="Lampasas, Texas">Lampasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leakey,_Texas" title="Leakey, Texas">Leakey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levelland,_Texas" title="Levelland, Texas">Levelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Texas" title="Liberty, Texas">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Texas" title="Linden, Texas">Linden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb,_Texas" title="Lipscomb, Texas">Lipscomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littlefield,_Texas" title="Littlefield, Texas">Littlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Texas" title="Livingston, Texas">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano,_Texas" title="Llano, Texas">Llano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockhart,_Texas" title="Lockhart, Texas">Lockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufkin,_Texas" title="Lufkin, Texas">Lufkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">M</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Texas" title="Madisonville, Texas">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marfa,_Texas" title="Marfa, Texas">Marfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin,_Texas" title="Marlin, Texas">Marlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Texas" title="Marshall, Texas">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason,_Texas" title="Mason, Texas">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matador,_Texas" title="Matador, Texas">Matador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Texas" title="Memphis, Texas">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menard,_Texas" title="Menard, Texas">Menard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentone,_Texas" title="Mentone, Texas">Mentone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Texas" title="Meridian, Texas">Meridian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mertzon,_Texas" title="Mertzon, Texas">Mertzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Texas" title="Miami, Texas">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monahans,_Texas" title="Monahans, Texas">Monahans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague,_Texas" title="Montague, Texas">Montague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton,_Texas" title="Morton, Texas">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Texas" title="Mount Pleasant, Texas">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Texas" title="Mount Vernon, Texas">Mount Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muleshoe,_Texas" title="Muleshoe, Texas">Muleshoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nacogdoches,_Texas" title="Nacogdoches, Texas">Nacogdoches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Texas" title="Newton, Texas">Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">O</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange,_Texas" title="Orange, Texas">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozona,_Texas" title="Ozona, Texas">Ozona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Texas" title="Paducah, Texas">Paducah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_Rock,_Texas" title="Paint Rock, Texas">Paint Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine,_Texas" title="Palestine, Texas">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Pinto,_Texas" title="Palo Pinto, Texas">Palo Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampa,_Texas" title="Pampa, Texas">Pampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhandle,_Texas" title="Panhandle, Texas">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris,_Texas" title="Paris, Texas">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearsall,_Texas" title="Pearsall, Texas">Pearsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecos,_Texas" title="Pecos, Texas">Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perryton,_Texas" title="Perryton, Texas">Perryton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_Texas" title="Pittsburg, Texas">Pittsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains,_Texas" title="Plains, Texas">Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainview,_Texas" title="Plainview, Texas">Plainview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Lavaca,_Texas" title="Port Lavaca, Texas">Port Lavaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post,_Texas" title="Post, Texas">Post</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Q</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quanah,_Texas" title="Quanah, Texas">Quanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quitman,_Texas" title="Quitman, Texas">Quitman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rankin,_Texas" title="Rankin, Texas">Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymondville,_Texas" title="Raymondville, Texas">Raymondville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugio,_Texas" title="Refugio, Texas">Refugio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Texas" title="Richmond, Texas">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_City,_Texas" title="Rio Grande City, Texas">Rio Grande City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lee,_Texas" title="Robert Lee, Texas">Robert Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roby,_Texas" title="Roby, Texas">Roby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport,_Texas" title="Rockport, Texas">Rockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocksprings,_Texas" title="Rocksprings, Texas">Rocksprings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk,_Texas" title="Rusk, Texas">Rusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Augustine,_Texas" title="San Augustine, Texas">San Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_Texas" title="San Diego, Texas">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marcos,_Texas" title="San Marcos, Texas">San Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Saba,_Texas" title="San Saba, Texas">San Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanderson,_Texas" title="Sanderson, Texas">Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarita,_Texas" title="Sarita, Texas">Sarita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seguin,_Texas" title="Seguin, Texas">Seguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole,_Texas" title="Seminole, Texas">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour,_Texas" title="Seymour, Texas">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Blanca,_Texas" title="Sierra Blanca, Texas">Sierra Blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton,_Texas" title="Silverton, Texas">Silverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinton,_Texas" title="Sinton, Texas">Sinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snyder,_Texas" title="Snyder, Texas">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora,_Texas" title="Sonora, Texas">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearman,_Texas" title="Spearman, Texas">Spearman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton,_Texas" title="Stanton, Texas">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephenville,_Texas" title="Stephenville, Texas">Stephenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_City,_Texas" title="Sterling City, Texas">Sterling City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stinnett,_Texas" title="Stinnett, Texas">Stinnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Texas" title="Stratford, Texas">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulphur_Springs,_Texas" title="Sulphur Springs, Texas">Sulphur Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetwater,_Texas" title="Sweetwater, Texas">Sweetwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">T</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahoka,_Texas" title="Tahoka, Texas">Tahoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throckmorton,_Texas" title="Throckmorton, Texas">Throckmorton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilden,_Texas" title="Tilden, Texas">Tilden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulia,_Texas" title="Tulia, Texas">Tulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uvalde,_Texas" title="Uvalde, Texas">Uvalde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">V</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Horn,_Texas" title="Van Horn, Texas">Van Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega,_Texas" title="Vega, Texas">Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Texas" title="Vernon, Texas">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">W</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxahachie,_Texas" title="Waxahachie, Texas">Waxahachie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford,_Texas" title="Weatherford, Texas">Weatherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Texas" title="Wellington, Texas">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharton,_Texas" title="Wharton, Texas">Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler,_Texas" title="Wheeler, Texas">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodville,_Texas" title="Woodville, Texas">Woodville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zapata,_Texas" title="Zapata, Texas">Zapata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dallas, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="26"> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="51"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="76"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a></li> </ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cities ranked by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> population estimates for July 1, 2022.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16557#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16557#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16557#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/132508096">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204635/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcGqh6Bht3w7Whg3xmKh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4085382-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79023321">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002459p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002459p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35033104">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dallas (Texas)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge291819&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4908596">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554950705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/e96f1c0d-721b-470d-a9c4-0aa2d89cf9e7">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/805710">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/06739986X">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045431">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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