CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"3132ed34d6",applicationID:"82754516"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1" /> <title>News | Innovation Ventures</title> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/system/system.base.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/system/system.messages.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/system/system.theme.css?smauwm"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/aggregator/aggregator.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/comment/comment.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/fences/field.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/node/node.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/search/search.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/modules/user/user.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/views/css/views.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?smauwm"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/ctools/css/ctools.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/ucsf_b1gfoot_admin_menu/css/ucsf_b1gfoot_admin_menu.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/ucsf_b1gfoot_sitewizard/css/ucsf_b1gfoot_sitewizard.css?smauwm"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> <![CDATA[/*> </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/hopscotch/0.2.5/css/hopscotch.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/vendor/slick/slick.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/css/screen.css?smauwm"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> <![CDATA[/*> </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/css/colors/primary/primary-navy.css?smauwm"); @import url("https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/css/colors/secondary/secondary-green.css?smauwm"); </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/replace/jquery/1.12/jquery.min.js?v=1.12.4"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/misc/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js?v=1.12.4"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/misc/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js?v=1.12.4"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/misc/jquery.once.js?v=1.2"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/misc/drupal.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/jquery_update/js/jquery_browser.js?v=0.0.1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/misc/form-single-submit.js?v=7.101"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/entityreference/js/entityreference.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/ucsf_b1gfoot_admin_menu/js/ucsf_b1gfoot_admin_menu.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/ucsf_eds_sitebuilder_profiles/ucsf_eds_sitebuilder_profiles_tweaks.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/hopscotch/0.2.5/js/hopscotch.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/y3ti_help/js/y3ti_help.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/all/modules/contrib/google_analytics/googleanalytics.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-45954902-52"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/modules/b1gfoot/ucsf_b1gfoot_sitewizard/js/ucsf_b1gfoot_sitewizard.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/vendor/slick/slick.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/vendor/icheck.min.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/build/main.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/vendor/responsive-nav/responsive-nav.min.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/profiles/ucsf_b1gfoot/themes/ucsf_b1gfoot_theme/js/script.js?smauwm"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-news ucsf-b1gfoot font--header--helveticaneue profile--expanded sidebar sidebar--right sidebar-color--grey" > <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div id="page-wrapper"> <div id="page"> <div class="ucsf-top-header row-full-width logo"> <div class="inside"> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first"><a href="http://www.ucsf.edu">University of California San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ucsfhealth.org/">UCSF Health</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ucsf.edu/search" title="">Search UCSF</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ucsf.edu/about">About UCSF</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="header" class="row-full-width"> <div class="inside clearfix"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" id="logo"> <img src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/UCSF_sublogo_InnovationVentures_logo_navy_RGB-V3-01.png" alt="Home" /> </a> <div class="region region-header"> <div id="block-search-form" class="block block-search"> <div class="content"> <form onsubmit="if(this.search_block_form.value=='Search'){ alert('Please enter a search'); return false; }" action="/news?page=6" method="post" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Search form</h2> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-block-form"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search-block-form--2">Search... </label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." placeholder="Search..." class="text-input fa fa-search form-text" aria-hidden="" type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="search_block_form" value="" size="40" maxlength="128" /> </div> <div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-NVOkpkJNl1rOGzbWvthi6xGIyV-IKWViK3t550sbxDY" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" /> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> <div id="block-menu-block-1" class="block block-menu-block"> <div class="content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15706"><a href="/Invention-Disclosure" title="Invention Disclosure">Invention Disclosure</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1931"><a href="/ourteam" title="Our Teams">Teams</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-2811"><a href="/venture/innovation-ventures-fund" title="Innovation Ventures Philanthropy Fund (InVent Fund)">Innovation Ventures Philanthropy Fund (InVent Fund)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2806"><a href="/venture/catalyst-program" title="Catalyst Program">Catalyst Program</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2816"><a href="/venture/entrepreneurship" title="Entrepreneurship Center">Entrepreneurship</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15741"><a href="/innovator-enrichment">Innovator Enrichment</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2821"><a href="/venture/office-strategic-alliances" title="Office of Strategic Alliances">Office of Strategic Alliances</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2826"><a href="/venture/office-technology-management-and-advancement" title="Office of Technology Management">Office of Technology Management and Advancement</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1911"><a href="/faculty_inventors" title="Resources available to UCSF faculty and inventors">Resources</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5186"><a href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/forms" title="Innovation Ventures application forms">Forms</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1991"><a href="/UCSF_Funding_Opportunities" title="Funding Opportunities">Funding Opportunities</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-12226"><a href="/outgoing-material-transfer" title="">Outgoing Material Transfer</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-12221"><a href="/launchpad-team">Student & Trainee: LaunchPad</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14891"><a href="/Invention-Disclosure">Invention Disclosure</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1981"><a href="/tech_commercialization_process" title="Tech Commercialization Process">Tech Commercialization Process</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1996"><a href="/industry_partnering_opps" title="Working with an Industry Partner">Working with an Industry Partner</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2631"><a href="/finding-industry-partner">Finding an Industry Partner</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5196"><a href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/policies" title="">Policies</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-12211"><a href="https://tableau.ucsf.edu/#/views/InnovationVentures/InnovationVenturesToday?:iid=2" title="Information Dashboard for authorized UCSF staff only">Leadership Dashboard</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1381"><a href="/about" title="About Us">About</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-1961"><a href="/contact" title="Contact us">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2771"><a href="/featured-startups" title="A list of Highlighted Startups">Featured Startups</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1956"><a href="/jobs_internships" title="Jobs and Internships">Jobs & Internships</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2776"><a href="/success-stories" title="Success Stories">Success Stories</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-15701"><a href="/entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-8171"><a href="/global-entrepreneurship-class" title="Information for the Global Startup 101 on-line course">Global Entrepreneurship Class</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15696"><a href="/conversation-about-startups">A Conversation on Startups</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-9641"><a href="/innovation-ventures-media" title="">Media</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-5171"><a href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/news" title="Innovation Ventures related news">News</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5181"><a href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu//newsletter" title="Innovation Ventures newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5176"><a href="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/our-podcast" title="Listing of Innovation Ventures podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-12596"><a href="/our-media" title="">Videos</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="breadcrumb" class="row-full-width"><div class="inside"><h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> > <span class="breadcrumb-page-title">News</span></div></div></div> <h1 class="title" id="page-title">News</h1> <div class="content-top"> </div> <div id="main-wrapper"> <div id="main" class="clearfix"> <div id="content" class="column"> <div class="inside"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="tabs"></div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-news view-id-news view-display-id-news_page view-dom-id-3cfbb22ad58360a5c9bb420e520e7c6b"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/balancing-startup-risk-and-reward"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Risk%20Reward%20Event.jpg?itok=miO3iHMR" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/balancing-startup-risk-and-reward">Balancing Startup Risk and Reward</a></h3> <div class="date">November 07, 2023</div> On November 1st, the UCSF Innovation Ventures' Engagement and Opportunity Development Team and Mubadala Capital's Healthcare Ventures team co-hosted an Investor and Founder Panel Discussion on Balancing Startup Risk and Reward. </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/siren-biotechnology-awarded-4m-grant-funding-california-institute-regenerative-medicine-cirm"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Nicole%20Paulk.jpeg?itok=giGM8kBR" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/siren-biotechnology-awarded-4m-grant-funding-california-institute-regenerative-medicine-cirm">Siren Biotechnology Awarded $4M in Grant Funding from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM)</a></h3> <div class="date">November 03, 2023</div> Siren Biotechnology, a gene therapy company pioneering Universal AAV Immuno-Gene Therapies for Cancer™, announced today that the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) has awarded the company a $4M translational research grant to support the development of novel AAV immuno-gene... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/abbvie-exercises-exclusive-right-acquire-mitokinin"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/UCSF_20220428_Kevan_Shokat_380b_1.jpeg?itok=gL8bYGSy" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/abbvie-exercises-exclusive-right-acquire-mitokinin">AbbVie Exercises Exclusive Right to Acquire Mitokinin</a></h3> <div class="date">October 06, 2023</div> AbbVie announced today that it has exercised its exclusive right and completed the acquisition of Mitokinin, a discovery-stage biotechnology company developing a potentially first-in-class disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Mitokinin's lead compound, a selective PINK1... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/sonoma-biotherapeutics-appoints-joseph-r-arron-md-phd-chief-scientific-officer-and-mark-d"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Tang_Bluestone_0.jpg?itok=nLo3_ozZ" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/sonoma-biotherapeutics-appoints-joseph-r-arron-md-phd-chief-scientific-officer-and-mark-d">Sonoma Biotherapeutics Appoints Joseph R. Arron, M.D., Ph.D., as Chief Scientific Officer and Mark D. Eisner, M.D., MPH, as Chief Medical Officer</a></h3> <div class="date">October 02, 2023</div> “Joe and Mark have established track records of driving scientific and clinical strategy to advance novel therapies for patients living with devastating diseases,” said Jeff Bluestone, Ph.D., Co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Sonoma Biotherapeutics. “We look forward to leveraging their... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/regel-therapeutics-awarded-1-million-hs-chau-women-enterprising-science-program"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Navneet%20Matharu%2C%20Ph.D.jpg?itok=Ir2z5xZD" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/regel-therapeutics-awarded-1-million-hs-chau-women-enterprising-science-program">Regel Therapeutics Awarded $1 Million from HS Chau Women in Enterprising Science Program</a></h3> <div class="date">October 02, 2023</div> Regel Therapeutics, a next-generation gene therapy company utilizing proprietary technology to modulate gene expression, today announced that based upon the groundbreaking work of its Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer Dr. Navneet Matharu it has been selected to receive $1 Million in non-... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/rezo-therapeutics-appoints-nadir-mahmood-phd-chief-executive-officer"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Newsfeed%20Image_1.jpg?itok=49FXnwdS" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/rezo-therapeutics-appoints-nadir-mahmood-phd-chief-executive-officer">Rezo Therapeutics Appoints Nadir Mahmood, Ph.D., as Chief Executive Officer</a></h3> <div class="date">September 21, 2023</div> Rezo Therapeutics, a biotechnology company pioneering the integrated mapping of disease networks for precision therapeutics, today announced the appointment of Nadir Mahmood, Ph.D., as chief executive officer and board member. Dr. Mahmood previously served as chief financial and business officer of... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/myeloid-therapeutics-initiates-patient-dosing-mt-302-novel-trop2-targeting-rna-car-phase-1"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Ronald%20Vale.jpg?itok=Lobta1cU" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/myeloid-therapeutics-initiates-patient-dosing-mt-302-novel-trop2-targeting-rna-car-phase-1">Myeloid Therapeutics Initiates Patient Dosing with MT-302, a Novel TROP2-Targeting RNA CAR, in Phase 1 Study for Advanced or Metastatic Epithelial Tumors</a></h3> <div class="date">September 13, 2023</div> Myeloid Therapeutics, a clinical-stage oncology company, has dosed the first patient with MT-302 in a Phase 1 study for advanced or metastatic epithelial tumors. MT-302 is the Company’s lead development candidate for in vivo immune cell programming and delivers TROP2-targeting RNA chimeric antigen... </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/exai-bio-presents-data-further-validating-its-liquid-biopsy-platform-2023-world-conference-lung"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Goodarzi.jpg?itok=xRissegg" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/exai-bio-presents-data-further-validating-its-liquid-biopsy-platform-2023-world-conference-lung">Exai Bio Presents Data Further Validating its Liquid Biopsy Platform at the 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer</a></h3> <div class="date">September 13, 2023</div> Exai Bio today announced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) data further validating that its novel RNA- and generative AI-based liquid biopsy platform detected early-stage disease with high accuracy. The study of nearly 900 subjects demonstrated stage I sensitivity was 95% at 90% specificity. </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/vizai-signs-license-agreement-ucsf-commercialize-three-cardiac-artificial-intelligence"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/UCSF_20200123_PMWC_97.jpeg?itok=bWM3RtVc" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/vizai-signs-license-agreement-ucsf-commercialize-three-cardiac-artificial-intelligence">Viz.ai Signs License Agreement with UCSF to Commercialize Three Cardiac Artificial Intelligence Algorithms</a></h3> <div class="date">August 28, 2023</div> Viz.ai, working in AI-powered disease detection and intelligent care coordination, today announced that it has signed an exclusive agreement with the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) to commercialize three AI algorithms for the automated detection of cardiovascular diseases. </div> <div class="ucsf-news"> <div class="ucsf-news-image"><a href="/news/clearpoint-neuro-announces-exclusive-multi-year-licensing-agreement-ucsf-innovative-intra-0"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://innovation.ucsf.edu/sites/venture.ucsf.edu/files/styles/news_listing_page/public/Lim-Daniel-51889.jpeg?itok=bnN2yNK5" width="340" height="290" alt="" /></a></div> <h3><a href="/news/clearpoint-neuro-announces-exclusive-multi-year-licensing-agreement-ucsf-innovative-intra-0">ClearPoint Neuro Announces Exclusive Multi-Year Licensing Agreement with UCSF for Innovative Intra-Cerebral Cellular Delivery Platform</a></h3> <div class="date">August 22, 2023</div> UCSF and ClearPoint Neuro announce partnership to develop an innovative cellular delivery platform from the lab of Dr. Daniel Lim, MD, PhD via an exclusive multi-year licensing agreement. Bringing together UCSF's technology with the ClearPoint system will enable precise and targeted therapeutic... </div> </div> <h2 class="element-invisible">Pages</h2><div class="item-list"><ul class="pager"><li class="pager-first first"><a title="Go to first page" href="/news">« first</a></li> <li class="pager-previous"><a title="Go to previous page" href="/news?page=5">‹ previous</a></li> <li class="pager-ellipsis">…</li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 3" href="/news?page=2">3</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 4" href="/news?page=3">4</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 5" href="/news?page=4">5</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 6" href="/news?page=5">6</a></li> <li class="pager-current">7</li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 8" href="/news?page=7">8</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 9" href="/news?page=8">9</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 10" href="/news?page=9">10</a></li> <li class="pager-item"><a title="Go to page 11" href="/news?page=10">11</a></li> <li class="pager-ellipsis">…</li> <li class="pager-next"><a title="Go to next page" href="/news?page=7">next ›</a></li> <li class="pager-last last"><a title="Go to last page" href="/news?page=24">last »</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar" class="column"> <div class="sidebar_top"> <div class="region region-sidebar-top"> <div id="block-block-1" class="block block-block placeholder--block"> <div class="content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="footer"> <div class="section"> <div class="footer-bottom"> <nav aria-label="Footer Navigation" class="footer--navigation"> <ul> <li><a href="https://websites.ucsf.edu/digital-accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ucsf.edu/website-privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://websites.ucsf.edu/website-terms-use">Terms of Use </a></li> <li><a href="https://websites.ucsf.edu/azlist">A-Z Website List</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="footer--copyright"> <p>© 2024 The Regents of the University of California</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var sz = document.createElement('script'); sz.type = 'text/javascript'; sz.async = true; sz.src = '//siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_8343.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(sz, s); })(); /*]]>*/ </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"3132ed34d6","applicationID":"82754516","transactionName":"YFRUNUpZDUdUUEddV1kedwJMUQxaGkVaUU9EbkYAX10=","queueTime":13,"applicationTime":159,"atts":"TBNXQwJDHkk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>